Flavio Akira Sakae Distribuição Das Fibras Colágenas E Do Sistema De

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Flavio Akira Sakae Distribuição Das Fibras Colágenas E Do Sistema De Flavio Akira Sakae Distribuição das fibras colágenas e do sistema de fibras elásticas na camada superficial da lâmina própria da prega vocal com edema de Reinke Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Área de concentração: Otorrinolaringologia Orientador: Prof. Dr. Domingos Hiroshi Tsuji São Paulo 2008 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Preparada pela Biblioteca da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo Óreprodução autorizada pelo autor Sakae, Flavio Akira Distribuição das fibras colágenas e do sistema de fibras elásticas na camada superficial da lâmina própria da prega vocal com edema de Reinke / Flavio Akira Sakae. -- São Paulo, 2008. Tese(doutorado)--Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia. Área de concentração: Otorrinolaringologia. Orientador: Domingos Hiroshi Tsuji. Descritores: 1.Edema laríngeo 2.Colágeno 3.Tecido elástico 4.Membrana mucosa 5.Cordas vocais USP/FM/SBD-146/08 "O único homem que está isento de erros, é aquele que não arrisca acertar." Albert Einstein Dedicatória Aos meus queridos pais, Masao e Junko, por tudo que fazem por mim, pelo apoio incondicional e amor eterno. São os meus ídolos. A minha esposa, Renata, amor da minha vida, pela alegria de viver, companheirismo e incentivo constante. A minha irmã, Cristiane, por ter contribuído em todos os passos de minha vida. Agradecimentos Ao meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Domingos Hiroshi Tsuji pela oportunidade e apoio na concretização deste sonho. Sua amizade e franqueza foram essenciais na elaboração deste trabalho. É o grande mestre. Ao Prof. Dr. Luiz Ubirajara Sennes pelos ensinamentos otorrinolaringológicos, pelas diversas oportunidades que ajudaram na minha formação e por tudo que faz na nossa clínica. Ao Dr. Rui Imamura foi fundamental na minha formação médica, a quem tenho uma grande admiração e respeito. Como sempre me ajudou muito, agradeço pela co- orientação sincera e valiosa desta tese. Aos Prof(s). Dr. Aroldo Miniti e Dr. Ricardo Ferreira Bento por desenvolverem um trabalho árduo, de muita coragem e perseverança em nossa especialidade. Ao Prof. Dr. Ossamu Butugan é o maior exemplo de sabedoria e humildade, agradeço a todos os seus ensinamentos e conversas amigas nos corredores do Hospital. Ao Prof. Dr. Silvio Marone admiro pela sua bondade e liderança. Agradeço pelo total apoio, confiança e amizade desde o período em que ingressei no serviço da PUC de Campinas. A Dra. Thais Mauad, Profª. Associada do Departamento de Patologia da FMUSP, pela amizade e ajuda imensa na elaboração dos artigos deste trabalho e ao Dr. Luiz Fernando Ferraz, médico patologista, que me ajudou na leitura das lâminas. Ao Prof. Dr. Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva por ter permitido a realização deste estudo no seu departamento e pela ajuda entusiástica no estudo histológico deste trabalho. Aos Dr(s) Christian Wiikimann e Ronaldo Frizzarini, grandes amigos e companheiros de laringologia, agradeço imensamente em tudo que me ensinaram e ajudaram. Foram essenciais na concretização deste trabalho. Aos Dr(s). Ali Mahmoud e Gustavo Passerotti, amigos fiéis e ótimos companheiros de fellowship. Agradeço na ajuda para a captação das amostras deste trabalho durante as longas quintas-feiras no centro cirúrgico. Ao Dr. Rogério Bühler pela ajuda em várias etapas deste estudo, tornou-se um grande amigo. Aos Prof(s). Dr. Edigar Rezende de Almeida, Dr. Richard Voegels, Dr. Ivan Dieb Mizziara e Dra Patricia Santoro que são referências em suas áreas e foram essenciais com suas opiniões verdadeiras em várias etapas da minha formação. Aos Dr(s). Erich Cristiano Mardruga de Melo e João Aragão Ximenez que desenvolveram trabalhos brilhantes no grupo de laringe que possibilitou o surgimento deste nosso estudo. Além disso, mesmo distantes estão sempre disponíveis para uma ajuda amiga. Ao amigo Dr. Bernardo Filho e a amiga Dra. Adriana Hachiya que vivenciaram momentos importantes na minha formação médica com muito companheirismo e amizade. Aos amigos e amigas, Dra. Luciana Miwa, Dra. Raquel Tavares, Dra. Clarissa Komatsu, Dr. Felipe Fortes, Dr. Fernando Sasaki, Dr. Daniel Chung, Dr. Flavio Prado e Dr. Fabio Pinna que dividiram as dificuldades e alegrias durante a residência médica. Aos médicos e fonoaudiólogas do grupo de laringe, Dra. Saramira Bohadana, Dra. Natasha Mascarenhas, Dr. Rafael Cahali, Dr. Henry Ugadin, Dr. Luiz Antônio Figueiredo, Fg. Gabriela, Fg. Maysa e Fg. Márcia que contribuem para o sucesso do grupo e sempre foram solidários e amigos. A todos os residentes e ex-residentes do Hospital das Clinicas da FMUSP e da PUC de Campinas que me ajudaram e apoiaram na realização deste estudo. Ao Prof. Dr. Chao Lung Wen e a Gustavo Zagatto, da Disciplina de Telemedicina da FMUSP, pelas animações e ilustrações deste trabalho. As secretárias do Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia Márcia, Luci, Barbara e Edzira pela ajuda, amizade e carinho durante todo o período que passei no Hospital. Aos funcionários do Ambulatório de Otorrinolaringologia Marcos, Cidinha, Claudecy, Rita, Rosângela e Jorge por terem sido muito disponíveis e pacientes. A todos os pacientes que participaram deste estudo pela solidariedade que tiveram. Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), pelo apoio financeiro: Processo 140957/2005-7. Esta tese está de acordo com as seguintes normas, em vigor no momento desta publicação: Referências: adaptado de International Committee of Medical Journals Editors (Vancouver) Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação. Guia de apresentação de dissertações, teses e monografias. Elaborado por Anneliese Carneiro da Cunha, Maria Júlia de A. L. Freddi, Maria F. Crestana, Marinalva de Souza Aragão, Suely Campos Cardoso, Valéria Vilhena, 2ª ed. São Paulo: Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação; 2005. Abreviaturas dos títulos e periódicos de acordo com List of Journals Indexed in Index Medicus. SUMÁRIO Lista de Abreviaturas Resumo Summary Normas para publicação: “The Laryngoscope” Artigo aceito para publicação em revista indexada internacional Artigo para publicação em revista indexada internacional 1 INTRODUÇÃO............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Objetivos principais................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Objetivos secundários................................................................................................ 3 2 REVISÃO DE LITERATURA..................................................................................... 4 2.1 Histologia da camada superficial da lâmina própria ou espaço de Reinke............................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Edema de Reinke e alterações histológicas da lâmina própria.................................. 11 2.3 Métodos de coloração: Picrrossírus-polarização e resorcina-fucsina de Weigert........................................................................................... 17 3 CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS....................................................................................... 20 3.1 Casuística................................................................................................................... 20 3.1.1 Seleção dos pacientes com Edema de Reinke....................................................... 20 3.1.2 Técnica cirúrgica para retirada das amostras de Edema de Reinke....................... 22 3.1.3 Seleção das amostras controles e isolamento das pregas vocais das laringes excisadas...................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Preparações histológicas............................................................................................ 24 3.3 Análises histológicas.................................................................................................. 24 3.4 Análises das imagens................................................................................................. 25 3.5 Análises estatísticas.................................................................................................... 26 4 RESULTADOS............................................................................................................. 27 4.1 Características dos pacientes com edema de Reinke e dos indivíduos controles................................................................................................ 27 4.2 Distribuição das fibras colágenas............................................................................... 27 4.3 Distribuição do sistema de fibras elásticas................................................................ 37 4.4 Correlações da idade, do consumo de cigarro e do tempo de disfonia com o grau de desestruturação das fibras ........................................................................................... 43 4.5 Diferenças entre o edema de Reinke grau II e III...................................................... 44 5 DISCUSSÃO................................................................................................................ 45 5.1 Edema de Reinke, distribuição das fibras colágenas e do sistema de fibras Elásticas............................................................................................................................ 45 5.2 Edema de Reinke, fisiopatologia,
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