DOCSLIB.ORG

Download the Scanned

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download the Scanned American Mineralogist, Volume 66, pages 154-168, I98I The crystal structureof santaclaraite,lCaMnn[SisOr4(OH)l(OH).HrO: the role of hydrogenatoms in the pyroxenoid structure Yossxezu Ounsur Department of Geology, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania I 9 I 04 AND LARRY W. FINGER Ge op hy sic al L ab o r at o ry, Carne gie I nstitutio n of Was hin gt o n Vl/ashington, D. C. 20008 Abstract A new mineral, santaclaraite(CaoqoMn?LM&orFe2o*0,)s[Si5Or4(OH)XOH) . H2O, is triclinic with a : 10.273(4),0: l l.9l0(4),c : 12.001(6)A,a : 105.77(3),F : l l0.6a(3),r : 8?.13(3)", V : l3l7.0(8)A'; Z :4 for the 1T unit-cell setting.The crystal structureconsists of alternat- ing tetrahedral and octahedral layers. The tetrahedral layer is made up of infinite single chains of silicate tetrahedrawith a repeatperiod of five tetrahedra.The octahedrallayer in- cludesrows of ten octahedrawith adjacent octahedralrows displacedalong their length to form bandstwo or three octahedrawide. As isolatedunits, the tetrahedralchain and octahe- dral band of santaclaraiteare similar to the correspondingportions of the rhodonite struc- ture. The structureof santaclaraite,however, ditrers in that (l) two adjacentchains (or bands) in a given layer are displacedby a half c translation,and (2) the octahedrallayer is rotated by a half turn in the plane parallel to the layer with respectto the adjacenttetrahedral layer. The three roles of hydrogen as hydrogen bond, hydroxyl group, and water moleculeare respon- sible for the above half-translation and half-rotation. Three octahedralsites, Ml, M2, and M3, are essentiallyoccupied by Mn atoms.The Ca atoms are orderedin M5, and the small amount of Mg is probably concentratedin M4. Differential thermal analysisand thermo- gravimetric analysisindicate that the dehydration of santaclaraiteoccurs at approximately 550'C. Introduction The importance of octahedral cations in con- trolling the octahedral-tetrahedrallinkages in the Santaclaraite,a new mineral from the Franciscan pyroxenoid structure has previously been discussed formation, Santa Clara County, California, is struc- for three-tetrahedral-repeatpyroxenoids (Ohashi and turally related to rhodonite, babingtonite, nambulite, finger, 1978).The octahedralcations are identical in and marsturite (Ohashi and Erd, 1978).The mineral rhodonite and santaclaraite,so the different struc- description is given elsewhere(Erd and Ohashi, in tures must be due to efects producedby the hydro- preparation). Santaclaraite is chemically equivalent gen atoms. to rhodonite plus two water molecules, CaMn SirO,, Inesite.a double-chainsilicate with a five-tetrahe- (rhodonite) + 2HrO; its water content is less than dral repeat,has two crystal-chemicallydistinct types thet of inesite, .2.5H,O, CaMnr,[Si,O,.(OH)] but of hydrogenatoms, one as HrO and the other as OH- more than that of babingtonite,Car(Fe,Mn) (Wan and Ghose, 1975, 1978).The hydrogen in ba- Fe'*[Si,O,o(OH)],nambulite, (Li,Na)MnoISi, bingtonite (Araki and Zoltai, 1972) and nambutte Or4(OH)1,and marsturite, NaCaMnrISirO,o(Narita et al., 1975; Murakami et al., 1977) is be- (OH)], another recently discoveredpyroxenoid (Pea- lieved to form a hydrogenbond O-H ...O, on the cor er dt., l978al. basisof the short O-O distance,as in pectolite (Pre- 'A:.proved by the Commissionon New Minerals and Mineral witt and Buerger,1963; Tak6uchi and Kudoh, 1978). iiames, IMA. Santaclaraiteis unique among pyroxenoid miner- ac[3-.iAK / 8l /0 I 02-0 I 54$02.00 OHASHI AND FINGER: STRUCTURE OF SANTACLARAITE als in that alkali atomssuch as Na and Li are not es- sential constituentsand also in that as many as four hydrogen atoms exist for each five silicons. Thus a Rhodonile detailed structural analysis of this mineral should P cell provide a better understandingof the role of hydro- gen in pyroxenoid structures. \.1 Experimental (< Unit-cellsetting \..t. Crystals of santaclaraiteare commonly prismatic and elongatedalong the zone axis of two well-devel- oped cleavagesthat intersectroughly at a right angle, t as in other pyroxenoidsand pyroxenes.Preliminary t f study with precession and zone-axis photographs oli showedthat the crystal was triclinic and that a trans- lation along the zone of the two cleavageswas ap- proximately l2A. This translation can be compared with the chain-identity period of five-tetrahedral-re- peat pyroxenoids,rhodonite and babingtonite(Table 1). The crystallographicc axis is chosenparallel to the zone axis. (ftkO)precession photograph, which The contains Fig. l. Comparison ofunit cells for santaclaraite and rhodonite. information on the structureprojected along the zone Triangles represent tetrahedral chains in rhodonite projected axis, is similar to the correspondingphotograph of along the chain direction. rhodonite. No similarities to rhodonite were ob- served,however, in other photographs of santacla- raite. of rhodonite, it is more convenient in discussing The unit cell of santaclaraiteis comparedwith that modular crystallography(Thompson, 1978) of pyrox- of rhodonite in Figure L Although the B-centered enoids to use a body-centeredcell. This 1l cell of cell of santaclaraitecorresponds to the primitive cell santaclaraite is comparable to the Cl setting for rhodonite and also to multiple cells for three-repeat- Table l. Comparison ofthe unit cells for santaclaraite, rhodonite, pyroxenoidsdiscussed by Ohashiand Finger (1978). and babingtonite The thicknessof the layers,d(100) of the.Il or Cl Pyroxene-type ce11 Pyroxenoid-type cell cell, is approximately equal in santaclaraiteand STC* RHD** gg5t src* RHD** gBuf rhodonite, whereasthe D axis of the /l or Cl cell, of the tetrahedralchains or of c] cl ei pI pI which is the separation a(A) L0.273(4') 9.444 9-'73L 15.610(4) 6.7O'7 6.1L9 the octahedralbands in a given layer, is muih longer b I1.91O(4) 1.0.540 10.410 7 -59I12) 1 .6A2 7 .509 santaclaraite(see Fig. l). In the initial analysis, c 12.001(6) 12.234 L2.245 12.00r(6) L2.234 12-245 in this longer separationwas erroneouslythought to be o(') ro5.?7(3) 108.68 rO8. 36 109.80(3) I1I.54 1r2.21 B 110.64(3) LO3.29 144.2'7 88-s9(3) 85.25 86.25 due to the presenceof water moleculesbetween the Y 87.13(3) 42.23 A4.94 99.94(2) 93.95 92.13 v (a') 13r?.o (s) 1167 -'7 Lt4l- .4 1317.0 (8) 583.B 57O.'7 octahedralbands. ,redv49E5 \ ffu, (110) (1ro) (100) (1oo) (r00) {lr0) (110) (1I0) (0I0) (010) (010) Data collectionand structuralanalysis tetrahedrar [oot] [oor] [ oor] Ioor] loor] [oorl chain A crystal0.l4 x 0.20x 0.28mm wasused for col- close-pack (1O0) (r00) (100) (210) (r10) (r10) Iayer lecting the X-ray diffraction intensitiesup to 650 in 20 for Nb-filtered MoKc radiation on an automated * Santaclaraite. This stualy. From least-squares lefinenent four-circle diffractometer.Integrated intensities mea- with twelve reflections centered on a sinqle crystal diffrac- Eometer. sured with an a-20 scan were correctedfor Lorentz ** Rhodonite. Calculatcd from teduced cell data given by peacor and Niizeki (1963) and polarization effects.Absorption corrections(lin- + Babinglonite. Ca]culated from reduced ceII data given by coefficient 47.2 cm-') were also ap- Araki and Zoltai (197:) ear absorption plied, using the numerical integration technique of 156 OHASHI AND FINGER: STRUCTURE OF SANTACLARAITE Burnham (1966a).A total of 3307 reflectionswith a could be developedfrom thesemodels, structure so- structurefactor greaterthan twice its estimatedstan- lution by direct methodswas abandoned. dard deviation was usedin the structureanalysis and The minimum-function method was then tried us- refinement. Atomic scattering factors for the fully ing possibleM-M inversionvectors. The resultswere ionized state (except O-) and dispersioncorrections essentiallythe sameas thoseobtained from the direct were taken from International Tablesfor X-ray Crys- methods:the three structural arrangementsdescribed tallography,Vol. 4 (p.99 and p. 149,respectively). above were also found, and the tetrahedral chain Wilson's N(Z) test strongly indicated the existence could not be located. In spite of incomplete results of a center of symmetry and thus a centrosymmetric from the direct and minimum-function methods, triclinic spacegroup was assumedin the subsequent however,the layer arrangementwith no atoms at the structureanalysis. Strong peaks, which form a nearly inversion center seemeda plausible part of the cor- trigonal pattern on the (100) Pattersonmap of the rect structure.This optimistic view was largely based body-centeredcell, indicate the close-packedar- on analogywith the known crystal structuresof other rangementof cations and oxygensparallel to (100). five-repeatpyroxenoids. The geometryofthe gap be- Direct methods of structure determination were tween the octahedralbands, therefore, was analyzed first attempted.From a total of 3307above-minimum in an attempt to fit a five-repeattetrahedral chain. reflections,109 reflections with E valuesgreater than Two casesare known of octahedral-tetrahedrallink- 2.5 were used as input for a computer program age: one in rhodonite and the other in the hydrous sIcMA2 of the symbolic addition method (Karle and phasesbabingtonite and nambulite (Tak6uchi, 1976). Karle, 1966).In addition to three origin-defining re- Two possible arrangementsfor the tetrahedral flections,signs of two reflectionswere assignedto ex- chain that fills the gap betweenthe octahedralbands pand the data set of determinedphases with a modi- in santaclaraite(Fig. 2) were derived. Both models fied versionof the tangentformula program (Brenner required 17 (not 15)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • X-Ray Rietveld and 57Fe Mössbauer Study of Babingtonite from Kouragahana, Shimane Peninsula, Japan
    Journal of MineralogicalBabingtonite and from Petrological Kouragahana, Sciences, Shimane Volume Peninsula, 108, pageJapan 121─ 130, 2013 121 X-ray Rietveld and 57Fe Mössbauer study of babingtonite from Kouragahana, Shimane Peninsula, Japan * * ** Masahide AKASAKA , Takehiko KIMURA and Mariko NAGASHIMA *Department of Geoscience, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan **Department of Earth Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan Babingtonite from Kouragahana, Shimane Peninsula, Japan, was investigated using electron microprobe, X-ray Rietveld, and 57Fe Mössbauer spectral analyses to characterize its chemical compositions, crystal structure, oxi- dation state of Fe, and distribution of Fe between two crystallographically independent octahedral Fe1 and Fe2 sites. _ The_ Kouragahana babingtonite occurs as single parallelohedrons with {100}, {001}, {001}, {111}, {110}, and {101} and sometimes shows penetration twinning. Both normal and sector-zoned crystals occur. Babing- tonite crystals with sector zoning consist of sectors relatively enriched in Fe and of sectors enriched in Mg, Mn, and Al. Babingtonite also shows compositional zoning with higher Fe2+ and Al core and higher Fe3+ and Mn 2+ rim. The average Fe content of the babingtonite without sector zoning is similar to the Fe -rich sector of the sector-zoned babingtonite. The chemical formula based on the average composition of all analytical data (n = 2+ 3+ - 193) is [Na0.01(2)Ca2.01(2)] [Mg0.11(4)Mn0.09(3)Fe0.76(7)Fe_ 0.93(5)Ti0.01(1)Al0.06(5)]Si5.01(4)O14(OH). X ray Rietveld refinement was carried out using a model of space group P1.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Processing
    Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Alphab Etical Index
    ALPHAB ETICAL INDEX Names of authors are printed in SMALLCAPITALS, subjects in lower-case roman, and localities in italics; book reviews are placed at the end. ABDUL-SAMAD, F. A., THOMAS, J. H., WILLIAMS, P. A., BLASI, A., tetrahedral A1 in alkali feldspar, 465 and SYMES, R. F., lanarkite, 499 BORTNIKOV, N. S., see BRESKOVSKA, V. V., 357 AEGEAN SEA, Santorini I., iron oxide mineralogy, 89 Boulangerite, 360 Aegirine, Scotland, in trachyte, 399 BRAITHWAITE, R. S. W., and COOPER, B. V., childrenite, /~kKERBLOM, G. V., see WILSON, M. R., 233 119 ALDERTON, D. H. M., see RANKIN, A. H., 179 Braunite, mineralogy and genesis, 506 Allanite, Scotland, 445 BRESKOVSKA, V. V., MOZGOVA, N. N., BORTNIKOV, N. S., Aluminosilicate-sodalites, X-ray study, 459 GORSHKOV, A. I., and TSEPIN, A. I., ardaite, 357 Amphibole, microstructures and phase transformations, BROOKS, R. R., see WATTERS, W. A., 510 395; Greenland, 283 BULGARIA, Madjarovo deposit, ardaite, 357 Andradite, in banded iron-formation assemblage, 127 ANGUS, N. S., AND KANARIS-SOTIRIOU, R., autometa- Calcite, atomic arrangement on twin boundaries, 265 somatic gneisses, 411 CANADA, SASKATCHEWAN, uranium occurrences in Cree Anthophyllite, asbestiform, morphology and alteration, Lake Zone, 163 77 CANTERFORD, J. H., see HILL, R. J., 453 Aragonite, atomic arrangements on twin boundaries, Carbonatite, evolution and nomenclature, 13 265 CARPENTER, M. A., amphibole microstructures, 395 Ardaite, Bulgaria, new mineral, 357 Cassiterite, SW England, U content, 211 Arfvedsonite, Scotland, in trachyte, 399 Cebollite, in kimberlite, correction, 274 ARVlN, M., pumpellyite in basic igneous rocks, 427 CHANNEL ISLANDS, Guernsey, meladiorite layers, 301; ASCENSION ISLAND, RE-rich eudialyte, 421 Jersey, wollastonite and epistilbite, 504; mineralization A TKINS, F.
    [Show full text]
  • Scandiobabingtonite, a New Mineral from the Baveno Pegmatite
    American Mineralogist, Volume 83, pages 1330-1334, 1998 Scandiobabingtonite,a new mineral from the Bavenopegmatite, Piedmont, Italy Ploro ORl.tNnIrr'* Ma,nco PasERorr and GrovlNNa Vn,zzllrNr2 rDipartimento di Scienzedella Terra, Universitd di Pisa, Via S. Maria 53,1-56126 Pisa, Italy '?Dipartimento di Scienzedella Terra, Universitd di Modena, Via S Eufemia 19, I-41 100 Modena, Italy Ansrntcr Scandiobabingtonite,ideally Ca,(Fe,*,Mn)ScSi,O,o(OH) is the scandium analogue of babingtonite; it was found in a pegmatitic cavity of the Baveno granite associatedwith orthoclase, albite, muscovite, stilbite, and fluorite. Its optics are biaxial (+) with 2V : : ^v: 64(2)",ct 1.686(2),P: 1.694(3), 1.709(2).D-"." : 3.24(5)slcm3, D.",.:3.24 sl cm3, and Z : 2. Scandiobabingtoniteis colorless or pale gray-green, transparent,with vitreous luster. It occurs as submillimeter sized, short, tabular crystals, slightly elongated on [001],and characterizedby the associationof forms {010}, {001}, {110}, {110}, and {101}. It occurs also as a thin rim encrustingsmall crystals of babingtonite.The strongest lines in the X-ray powder pauern are at2.969 (S), 2.895 (S), 3.14 (mS), and 2.755 (mS) 4. fn" mineralis triclinic, ipu.. g.oup PT, with a : 7.536(2),b : 1L734(2),c : 6.t48(Z) A, : 91.10(2), : 93.86(2), : lO+.S:(2)'. Scandiobabingtoniteis isostructural " B r with babingtonite, with Sc replacing Fe3* in sixfold coordination, but no substitution of Fer* by Sc takes place. Due to the lack of a suitably large crystal of the new species, such a replacementhas been confirmed by refining the crystal structure of a Sc-rich babingtonite (final R : O.O47)using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) data.
    [Show full text]
  • Epitaxy of Hedenbergite Whiskers on Babingtonite in Alpine Fissures at Arvigo, Val Calanca, Grisons, Switzerland
    Epitaxy of hedenbergite whiskers on babingtonite in Alpine fissures at Arvigo, Val Calanca, Grisons, Switzerland Autor(en): Armbruster, Thomas / Stalder, Hans Anton / Gnos, Edwin Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen = Bulletin suisse de minéralogie et pétrographie Band (Jahr): 80 (2000) Heft 3 PDF erstellt am: 02.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-60967 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot
    [Show full text]
  • Optical Properties of Common Rock-Forming Minerals
    AppendixA __________ Optical Properties of Common Rock-Forming Minerals 325 Optical Properties of Common Rock-Forming Minerals J. B. Lyons, S. A. Morse, and R. E. Stoiber Distinguishing Characteristics Chemical XI. System and Indices Birefringence "Characteristically parallel, but Mineral Composition Best Cleavage Sign,2V and Relief and Color see Fig. 13-3. A. High Positive Relief Zircon ZrSiO. Tet. (+) 111=1.940 High biref. Small euhedral grains show (.055) parallel" extinction; may cause pleochroic haloes if enclosed in other minerals Sphene CaTiSiOs Mon. (110) (+) 30-50 13=1.895 High biref. Wedge-shaped grains; may (Titanite) to 1.935 (0.108-.135) show (110) cleavage or (100) Often or (221) parting; ZI\c=51 0; brownish in very high relief; r>v extreme. color CtJI\) 0) Gamet AsB2(SiO.la where Iso. High Grandite often Very pale pink commonest A = R2+ and B = RS + 1.7-1.9 weakly color; inclusions common. birefracting. Indices vary widely with composition. Crystals often euhedraL Uvarovite green, very rare. Staurolite H2FeAI.Si2O'2 Orth. (010) (+) 2V = 87 13=1.750 Low biref. Pleochroic colorless to golden (approximately) (.012) yellow; one good cleavage; twins cruciform or oblique; metamorphic. Olivine Series Mg2SiO. Orth. (+) 2V=85 13=1.651 High biref. Colorless (Fo) to yellow or pale to to (.035) brown (Fa); high relief. Fe2SiO. Orth. (-) 2V=47 13=1.865 High biref. Shagreen (mottled) surface; (.051) often cracked and altered to %II - serpentine. Poor (010) and (100) cleavages. Extinction par- ~ ~ alleL" l~4~ Tourmaline Na(Mg,Fe,Mn,Li,Alk Hex. (-) 111=1.636 Mod. biref.
    [Show full text]
  • Goosecreekite Caal2si6o16 ² 5H2O C 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Monoclinic
    Goosecreekite CaAl2Si6O16 ² 5H2O c 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2: As equant euhedral crystals, highly curved, to 4 cm; in polycrystalline aggregates. Physical Properties: Cleavage: 010 , perfect. Hardness = 4.5 D(meas.) = 2.21 D(calc.) = 2.23 f g » Optical Properties: Transparent. Color: Colorless to white. Streak: White. Luster: Vitreous to pearly on crystal faces. Optical Class: Biaxial ({). Orientation: Y = b; Z c = 46±. ® = 1.495(2) ¯ = 1.498(2) ^ ° = 1.502(2) 2V(meas.) = 82(5)± Cell Data: Space Group: P 21: a = 7.401(3) b = 17.439(36) c = 7.293(3) ¯ = 105:44(4)± Z = 2 X-ray Powder Pattern: Goose Creek quarry, Virginia, USA. 4.53 (100), 7.19 (50), 5.59 (50), 4.91 (50), 3.350 (40), 3.526 (25), 3.277 (25) Chemistry: (1) SiO2 59.3 Al2O3 17.2 CaO 9.3 H2O 15.0 Total 100.8 (1) Goose Creek quarry, Virginia, USA; by electron microprobe, H2O by DTA-TGA analysis; corresponding to Ca1:01Al2:05Si6O16:09 ² 5:06H2O: Polymorphism & Series: Dimorphous with epistilbite. Mineral Group: Zeolite group. Occurrence: A late-stage mineral in vugs and fractures in a Triassic diabase (Goose Creek quarry, Virginia, USA); in cavities in basalt (Nasik, India). Association: Prehnite, actinolite, chlorite, epidote, babingtonite, quartz, titanite, stilbite, albite, apophyllite (Goose Creek quarry, Virginia, USA); quartz (Nasik, India). Distribution: In the Goose Creek quarry, Leesburg, Loudoun Co., Virginia, USA. Exceptional crystals from the Pandulena quarry, Nasik, Maharashtra, India. In the OberbaumuÄhle quarry, Windischeschenbach, Bavaria, Germany. Name: For the initially described occurrence in the Goose Creek quarry, Virginia, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Index
    Mineral Index Abhurite T.73, T.355 Anandite-Zlvl, T.116, T.455 Actinolite T.115, T.475 Anandite-20r T.116, T.45S Adamite T.73,T.405, T.60S Ancylite-(Ce) T.74,T.35S Adelite T.115, T.40S Andalusite (VoU, T.52,T.22S), T.27S, T.60S Aegirine T.73, T.30S Andesine (VoU, T.58, T.22S), T.41S Aenigmatite T.115, T.46S Andorite T.74, T.31S Aerugite (VoU, T.64, T.22S), T.34S Andradite T.74, T.36S Agrellite T.115, T.47S Andremeyerite T.116, T.41S Aikinite T.73,T.27S, T.60S Andrewsite T.116, T.465 Akatoreite T.73, T.54S, T.615 Angelellite T.74,T.59S Akermanite T.73, T.33S Ankerite T.74,T.305 Aktashite T.73, T.36S Annite T.146, T.44S Albite T.73,T.30S, T.60S Anorthite T.74,T.415 Aleksite T.73, T.35S Anorthoclase T.74,T.30S, T.60S Alforsite T.73, T.325 Anthoinite T.74, T.31S Allactite T.73, T.38S Anthophyllite T.74, T.47S, T.61S Allanite-(Ce) T.146, T.51S Antigorite T.74,T.375, 60S Allanite-(La) T.115, T.44S Antlerite T.74, T.32S, T.60S Allanite-(Y) T.146, T.51S Apatite T.75, T.32S, T.60S Alleghanyite T.73, T.36S Aphthitalite T.75,T.42S, T.60 Allophane T.115, T.59S Apuanite T.75,T.34S Alluaudite T.115, T.45S Archerite T.75,T.31S Almandine T.73, T.36S Arctite T.146, T.53S Alstonite T.73,T.315 Arcubisite T.75, T.31S Althausite T.73,T.40S Ardaite T.75,T.39S Alumino-barroisite T.166, T.57S Ardennite T.166, T.55S Alumino-ferra-hornblende T.166, T.57S Arfvedsonite T.146, T.55S, T.61S Alumino-katophorite T.166, T.57S Argentojarosite T.116, T.45S Alumino-magnesio-hornblende T.159,T.555 Argentotennantite T.75,T.47S Alumino-taramite T.166, T.57S Argyrodite (VoU,
    [Show full text]
  • Alphabetical List
    LIST L - MINERALS - ALPHABETICAL LIST Specific mineral Group name Specific mineral Group name acanthite sulfides asbolite oxides accessory minerals astrophyllite chain silicates actinolite clinoamphibole atacamite chlorides adamite arsenates augite clinopyroxene adularia alkali feldspar austinite arsenates aegirine clinopyroxene autunite phosphates aegirine-augite clinopyroxene awaruite alloys aenigmatite aenigmatite group axinite group sorosilicates aeschynite niobates azurite carbonates agate silica minerals babingtonite rhodonite group aikinite sulfides baddeleyite oxides akaganeite oxides barbosalite phosphates akermanite melilite group barite sulfates alabandite sulfides barium feldspar feldspar group alabaster barium silicates silicates albite plagioclase barylite sorosilicates alexandrite oxides bassanite sulfates allanite epidote group bastnaesite carbonates and fluorides alloclasite sulfides bavenite chain silicates allophane clay minerals bayerite oxides almandine garnet group beidellite clay minerals alpha quartz silica minerals beraunite phosphates alstonite carbonates berndtite sulfides altaite tellurides berryite sulfosalts alum sulfates berthierine serpentine group aluminum hydroxides oxides bertrandite sorosilicates aluminum oxides oxides beryl ring silicates alumohydrocalcite carbonates betafite niobates and tantalates alunite sulfates betekhtinite sulfides amazonite alkali feldspar beudantite arsenates and sulfates amber organic minerals bideauxite chlorides and fluorides amblygonite phosphates biotite mica group amethyst
    [Show full text]
  • Minerals Found in Michigan Listed by County
    Michigan Minerals Listed by Mineral Name Based on MI DEQ GSD Bulletin 6 “Mineralogy of Michigan” Actinolite, Dickinson, Gogebic, Gratiot, and Anthonyite, Houghton County Marquette counties Anthophyllite, Dickinson, and Marquette counties Aegirinaugite, Marquette County Antigorite, Dickinson, and Marquette counties Aegirine, Marquette County Apatite, Baraga, Dickinson, Houghton, Iron, Albite, Dickinson, Gratiot, Houghton, Keweenaw, Kalkaska, Keweenaw, Marquette, and Monroe and Marquette counties counties Algodonite, Baraga, Houghton, Keweenaw, and Aphrosiderite, Gogebic, Iron, and Marquette Ontonagon counties counties Allanite, Gogebic, Iron, and Marquette counties Apophyllite, Houghton, and Keweenaw counties Almandite, Dickinson, Keweenaw, and Marquette Aragonite, Gogebic, Iron, Jackson, Marquette, and counties Monroe counties Alunite, Iron County Arsenopyrite, Marquette, and Menominee counties Analcite, Houghton, Keweenaw, and Ontonagon counties Atacamite, Houghton, Keweenaw, and Ontonagon counties Anatase, Gratiot, Houghton, Keweenaw, Marquette, and Ontonagon counties Augite, Dickinson, Genesee, Gratiot, Houghton, Iron, Keweenaw, Marquette, and Ontonagon counties Andalusite, Iron, and Marquette counties Awarurite, Marquette County Andesine, Keweenaw County Axinite, Gogebic, and Marquette counties Andradite, Dickinson County Azurite, Dickinson, Keweenaw, Marquette, and Anglesite, Marquette County Ontonagon counties Anhydrite, Bay, Berrien, Gratiot, Houghton, Babingtonite, Keweenaw County Isabella, Kalamazoo, Kent, Keweenaw, Macomb, Manistee,
    [Show full text]
  • ON the CRYSTALLOGRAPHY of AXINITE and the NORMAL SETTING of TRICLINIC CRYSTALS MA Pracock, Harvard
    ON THE CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OF AXINITE AND THE NORMAL SETTING OF TRICLINIC CRYSTALS M. A. PracocK, Harvard.(Iniaersity, Cambriilge, Mass. CoNrBNrs Present Status of the Problem of Choosing Morphological Elements. 588 Course of the Present Study 591 Several Steps in Choosing Normal Triclinic Elements. 592 Determination of the SpecificLattice ... ... 592 Choice oI the Represbntative Lattice Cell .. 593 Orientation of the Representative Lattice Cell. 593 Determination of Normal Elements from the External Geometry 597 Determination of Normal Elements from X-Ray Measurements 599 Relation of the New Lattice Elements to those of Cossner & Reicliel... 602 Determination of the Optical Elements 603 Definitive Presentation of the Crystallography of Axinite 605 Some of the Existing Settings of Axinite and the Underlying Principles. 605 Neumann (1825). 605 L6vy (1838)-Des Cloizeaux (1862).. 609 Miller (1852) 609 Vom Rath (1866). 610 Schrauf (1870). 6tL Goldschmidt(1886; 1897-19tJ) .. 612 Dana (1892) 613 Friedel (1926). 613 Propriety of the Normal Setting of Triclinic Crystals. 615 Summary.... 616 Acknowledgments. 617 References...... 618 ExplanationoftheFigures.....'Co-ordinate. .618 Appendix: Transformation of tf. O. H. DoNNev;... 62l PnBsBNr Srarus or.TrrE Pnonr-nu oF CHoosrNG MonpnorocrcAl ELEMENTS The problem of choosing morphological crystallographic elements reachesfull generality in the triclinic system, in which the mutual inter- sectionsof any three non-tautozonal crystal planes may be taken as axes of referencewith the intercepts of any crystal plane cutting all the axes to define the parameters. If the indices of the observed planes are to be small numbers only a moderate number of morphological lattices come under consideration; but since a triclinic lattice may be defined by any one of numerous cells, and any triclinic cell can be oriented in twenty- four different ways, the number of sets of geometrical elements that can be chosen for any one triclinic speciesis still very considerable.
    [Show full text]
  • Babingtonite, Fluorapophyllite and Sphene from Harcourt, Victoria, Australia
    MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, SEPTEMBER 1983, VOL. 47, PP. 377-80 Babingtonite, fluorapophyllite and sphene from Harcourt, Victoria, Australia W. D. BIRCU Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, National Museum of Victoria, 285-321 Russell Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia ABSTRACT. Small crystals of babingtonite and rare vugs containing stilbite and apophyllite (variety sphene occur in a coarse-grained aggregate of fluora- 'albin') were described from the quarries by Hall pophyllite, stilbite, and calcite, infllling a late-stage cavity (1894). in granodiorite from Harcourt, Victoria. This is the first Two specimens of the Harcourt granodiorite in reported occurrence of babingtonite in Victoria. The the collections of the National Museum of Victoria assemblage crystallized from fluids in which Ca and F were significant and under P-T conditions of the order of are matching portions of a fibrous aggregate, 10 cm 0.5 kbar, I00-150~ Some of the fluorapophyllite has across, of colourless to pale pink stilbite, together been altered to opaline silica suggesting that the residual with a white, platy mineral with a pearly lustre and solutions were acidic. a few crystals of a black mineral superficially resembling hornblende. The aggregate fills what THE Harcourt granodiorite forms the southern was probably a late-stage gas cavity within the 'lobe' of a large arcuate composite intrusion of granodiorite (figs. 1 and 2). X-ray diffraction Devonian age in west-central Victoria, about 90- analysis showed the white mineral to belong to the 120 km north west of Melbourne. The intrusion has apophyllite group and the black mineral to be not been studied in detail, but the granodiorite in babingtonite, the first record of the latter mineral in the vicinity of Harcourt is light grey, even-grained Victoria.
    [Show full text]