[Outline] Outline of - Expressway routes

- The Honshu-Shikoku Expressway routes consist of the E28 -Awaji-Naruto Expressway connecting Hyogo and Tokushima Prefectures, the E30 Seto-Chuo Expressway connecting Okayama and Kagawa Prefectures, and the E76 Nishi-Seto Expressway connecting Hiroshima and Ehime Prefectures. - These roadways are used for various purposes, including daily life as well as business and tourism, and they play a vital role as traffic arteries in the Setouchi area.

Source: HSBE documents [Transitions of the transportation network] Changes in the 3-hour zone

- Thanks to improvement of the expressway network, the area within 3 hours of major cities in the Setouchi area has greatly expanded. - For example, in 1985 only Awaji Island was within 3 hours of Tokushima city, but now the majority of Osaka, Hyogo, and Okayama Prefectures are within reach, using the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway or the Seto-Chuo Expressway .

■ Changes in the 3-hour zone from each city in the prefecture

[From Kobe city] [From Okayama city] [From Hiroshima city] Cities, towns, and villages on the Honshu side and Shikoku side which can be reached within 3 hours from each city in the various prefectures March 1985 (Before the opening of Ohnaruto Bridge)

March, 2019

[From Tokushima city] [From Takamatsu city] [From Matsuyama city] [From Kochi city]

Note: 3-hour zone by car Source: Created based on the National Road Time Table (National Association for Promotion of Road Improvement) and the National Ferry/Passenger Vessel Guide (Daily Maritime Communication Company), among others. [Volume of vehicular traffic and freight flow] Trends in automobile traffic volume between Honshu and Shikoku

- The traffic volume between Honshu and Shikoku has dramatically increased due to the opening of the Honshu-Shikoku expressway routes. - Comparing FY 2018 with FY 1984, before the opening of the Ohnaruto Bridge, the volume of vehicular traffic between Honshu and Shikoku has increased about 3.4 times. - Nationwide, the volume of vehicular traffic increased about 1.4 times when comparing FY 1985 and FY 2015.

60,000 Approx. 3.4 times 57,249

T 7,601 r Traffic volume across Tatara Bridge a Nationwide volume f 50,000 f of vehicular traffic i (Nishi-Seto Expressway) c

v

o 43,323 l u A m v e June 1985: Opening of 39,703 e o

b

r Approx. 40,000 Ohnaruto Bridge r e a d t

22,752 g i

w 1.4 times n e

e 7,000 a

e t r n r

Traffic volume across Seto- y

5,986 a

H f r o

f 6,000 Ohashi Bridges o n i c a

s 28,699

30,000 55,486 d h

(Seto-Chuo Expressway) v u s o

vehicles/day

; 5,000

l A

N 4,305 u n m d o

22,131 . e S

4,000 v h s i e April 1998: Opening of ( k h e

o 20,000 i x k 7,853 c 3,000

u Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge p l e ( r N s e o

s /

. 2,000 s

25,133 v 1 16,951 w e 2 h a h i

Traffic volume across Ohnaruto Bridge y c ) 1,000

10,000 s l

e (Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway) + s

/

d 0 a y

) Ferry 1,763 1985 2015 (FY)

0 Source: Created from National Road & Street Traffic 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 （FY） Survey (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism)

Source: Created from HSBE documents, Transport Movement in Shikoku (Shikoku Transport & Tourism Bureau) [Volume of vehicular traffic and freight flow] Changes in volume of freight flow between Shikoku and the rest of

- Comparing FY 2017 with FY 1984, the volume of vehicular freight between Shikoku and the rest of Japan increased about 2.4 times. - The volume of vehicular freight among blocs across Japan during the same period increased about 1.2 times.

Changes in volume of vehicular freight flowing to and from Shikoku

◆ （100,000tons） Volume of vehicular freight flow 700 among blocs nationwide

600 Approx. 2.4 times 539 (100,000tons)

500 10,000 Approx. 1.2 times

400 8,000 7,746

6,206 6,000 300 229 4,000 200

2,000 100 0 1984 2017 0 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2017 (FY) Note: Does not include intraregional flows Note: Does not include intraregional flows Source: Created from Freight & Passenger Regional Flow Source: Created from Freight & Passenger Regional Flow Survey (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) Survey (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) [Economic Effect ] Economic Effect of Honshu-Shikoku Bridges

- To grasp quantitative effect of Honshu-Shikoku Bridges to Japan’s economy, the economic effect was measured. - The Economic Effect of Honshu-Shikoku Bridges extends nationwide, Economic Effect in FY2018 is approx. 2.4 trillion JPY. In the Effect, Economic Effect in Shikoku is approx. 0.9 trillion JPY which is equivalent to 6% of total GDP in Shikoku. - Cumulative Economic Effect from FY1988 to FY2018 is approx. 41 trillion JPY.

■Economic Effect FY2018 ■Economic Effect FY1988 - 2018 Hokkaido & Tohoku Kyushu 0.1 trillion ・Economic Effect in Shikoku is approx. 0.9trillion JPY 0.1 trillion JPY which is equivalent to 6% of total GDP in Shikoku. Trillion JPY JPY Hokkaido Actual Growth Chubu 20 billion JPY 530

) (with Honshu-Shikoku Bridges)

0.2 trillion P

JPY Shikoku D

0.9 trillion G Chugoku Approx. 480(

0.3 trillion JPY d Approx.

2.4 trillion e JPY Approx. 2.4 trillion JPY JPY d 430d 41 trillion JPY 2018FY Tohoku A Kanto 0.4 trillion 40 billion JPY e (cumulative) u

Kinki l

JPY 0.4 trillion 380a V JPY s

Chubu s

330o

200 billion JPY r Chugoku Hypothetical 300 billion JPY G (without Honshu-Shikoku Bridges) Kinki Kanto 400 billion JPY 280 400 billion JPY 1988S63 H3 1994 H6 H9 2000 H12 H15 2006 H18 H21 2012 H24 H27 2018FY H30 Kyushu （An image of economic effect estimation） Shikoku 100 billion JPY 900 billion JPY Source: Created based on Inter-Regional Input-Output Table (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)

※The Shikoku’s GDP is approx.14 trillion JPY in 2018（estimated) [Total production / income] Productivity improvement in the Shikoku region

- Growth in the total production in Shikoku region is higher than other regions in Japan, as well as the growth in Chubu, Kanto, and Tohoku regions. - In terms of growth in per capita income, the Shikoku region is the third highest.

Growth in total production by region Growth in per capita income （1985=100） (2015/1985) （1985=100） (2015/1985)

200 170 188.0 182.5 180 160.1 165.0 160 156.8 160.9 156.7 159.5 160 154.9 150.9 149.3 150 133.9 140 144.1 140.4 120 140 132.3 100 130 125.9 80

120 60

40 110 Hokkaido Tohoku Kanto Chubu Kinki Chugoku Shikoku Kyushu Hokkaido Tohoku Kanto Chubu Kinki Chugoku Shikoku Kyushu

Note 1: Tohoku･･･ Aomori,Iwate,Miyagi,Akita,Yamagata,Fukushima,Niigata Kanto ･･･ Ibaraki,Tochigi,Gunma,Saitama,Chiba,Tokyo,Kanagawa,Yamanashi,Nagano Chubu ･･･ Toyama,Ishikawa,Fukui,Gifu,Shizuoka,Aichi,Mie Kyushu includes Okinawa Note 2: Compared by real value（The base year is 2011） Source: Created from Annual Report on Prefectural Accounts (Cabinet Office) [Impact on regional industry] Impact on regional industry

- The number of new factory locations in the Shikoku area grew significantly before and after the opening of the Seto-Ohashi Bridges in 1988. - In recent years, the area has remained at a higher level than elsewhere in the nation.

■ Trends in the number of new factory locations

1988 The Seto-Ohashi 250 Nationwide Bridges open I

n Hanshin d e x

o Sanyo f 200

C h

a Shikoku

n 1999 The Nishi-Seto Expressway opens g e s

i

n 1998 The Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway is 150 N fully completed o . o f

F 100 a c t o

r 100 y

L o c a t i o

n 59 s

( 50 1 9

8 38 5 = 1

0 24

0 44 ) 0 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018（Year）

Source: Created from Survey of Factory Location Trends (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) Note 1: Hanshin: Osaka & Hyogo Sanyo: Okayama & Hiroshima Note 2: Starting from fiscal year 2015, solar power generation facilities within the electrical power industry were excluded from this survey. [Sightseeing] Sacred ground for cyclists: Shimanami Expressway

- Shimanami Expressway is selected as one of the 7 best bicycle routes in the world on CNN TV, attracts attention overseas. - The bicycle rental number increased about threefold in 10 years, with increasing use by non-Japanese cyclists.

■ Shimanami Expressway Cycling Routes ■ Changes in bicycle rental numbers ■ Bicycle rental usage by non- (Bicycle terminal location map) Japanese cyclists (FY 2018) The Shimanami Expressway links island 2008>2018 (Vehicles) Approximately three times areas, contributing to the formation of number of bicycles are rented out! a cycling route 160000 Total: 17,082 vehicles Onomichi City Mihara City Overall（excluding non-Japanese） 132,075 Non-Japanese Taiwan Mukaishima Island Other 13% 120000 25% Hong Kong Innoshima Bridge 11%

Innoshima Island Switzerland 3% USA Ikuchi Bridge Canada Ikuchi Island 9% 3% 80000 China Tatara Bridge 114,993 Kamijima Town 4% Australia Omishima Island Netherlands 8% Hakata Island Omishima Bridge 5% 41,926 Germany England France Hakata-Ohshima Bridge ● Rental Bicycle Terminals 40000 5% 6% 8%

Oshima Island (13 locations)

Kurushima-Kaikyo Bridge 17,082 0 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 (FY) Cycling on the Shimanami Imabari City Note: Total No. of non-Japanese cyclists since FY 2012 Expressway is also popular Source: Created from data provided by the cities of Imabari in Ehime with non-Japanese cyclists! Prefecture and Onomichi in Hiroshima Prefecture * As of March 2017