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XVI. ÁREAS CLAVE PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD DULCEACUÍCOLA AMENAZADA EN COLOMBIA: Moluscos, Cangrejos, Peces, Tortugas, Crocodílidos, Aves Y Mamíferos

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XVI. ÁREAS CLAVE PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD DULCEACUÍCOLA AMENAZADA EN COLOMBIA: Moluscos, Cangrejos, Peces, Tortugas, Crocodílidos, Aves Y Mamíferos XVI. ÁREAS CLAVE PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD DULCEACUÍCOLA AMENAZADA EN COLOMBIA: moluscos, cangrejos, peces, tortugas, crocodílidos, aves y mamíferos Carlos A. Lasso, Diego Córdoba y Monica A. Morales-Betancourt (Editores) SERIE RECURSOS HIDROBIOLÓGICOS Y PESQUEROS CONTINENTALES DE COLOMBIA XVI. ÁREAS CLAVE PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD DULCEACUÍCOLA AMENAZADA EN COLOMBIA: moluscos, cangrejos, peces, tortugas, crocodílidos, aves y mamíferos Carlos A. Lasso, Diego Córdoba y Monica A. Morales-Betancourt (Editores) C Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Diseño e impresión: JAVEGRAF-Fundación Cultural Alexander von Humboldt. 2017. Javeriana de Artes Gráficas. 550 ejemplares. Los textos pueden ser citados total o parcialmente citando la fuente. CITACIÓN SUGERIDA: SERIE EDITORIAL RECURSOS HIDROBIOLÓGICOS Y PESQUEROS Obra completa: Lasso, C. A., D. Córdoba y M. A. CONTINENTALES DE COLOMBIA – Instituto Morales-Betancourt (Eds.). 2017. XVI. Áreas clave de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos para la conservación de la biodiversidad dulceacuícola Alexander von Humboldt. amenazada en Colombia: moluscos, cangrejos, peces, tortugas, crocodílidos, aves y mamíferos. Serie Editorial Editor: Carlos A. Lasso. Recursos Hidrobiológicos y Pesqueros Continentales de Colombia. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Revisión científica: Luz F. Jiménez-Segura Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Bogotá, D. C., (Universidad de Antioquia), Germán Corzo (Instituto Colombia. 353 pp. de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt). Capítulos: Mesa-S., L. M., D. Córdoba y C. A. Lasso. 2017. Peces. Pp. 123-181. En: Lasso, C. A., D. Córdoba Revisión de textos: Carlos A. Lasso y Monica A. y M. A. Morales-Betancourt (Eds.). XVI. Áreas clave Morales-Betancourt. para la conservación de la biodiversidad dulceacuícola amenazada en Colombia: moluscos, cangrejos, peces, Fotos portada: Luis F. Anzola , Felipe Villegas, tortugas, crocodílidos, aves y mamíferos. Serie Carlos A. Lasso, Jorge E. García-Melo. Editorial Recursos Hidrobiológicos y Pesqueros Continentales de Colombia. Instituto de Investigación Foto contraportada: Jorge E. García-Melo. de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Bogotá, D. C., Colombia. Foto portada interior: Fernando Trujillo. Elaboración de mapas: Diego Córdoba. Áreas clave para la conservación de la biodiversidad dulceacuícola amenazada en Colombia: moluscos, cangrejos, peces, tortugas, crocodílidos, aves y mamíferos. / editado por Carlos A. Lasso, Diego Córdoba y Mónica A. Morales- Betancourt; Serie Recursos Hidrobiológicos y Pesqueros Continentales de Colombia, XVI. -- Bogotá: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, 2017. 354 p.: il., col.; 16.5 cm. X 24 cm Incluye bibliografía, tablas y mapas ISBN impreso: 978-958-5418-27-1 ISBN digital: 978-958-5418-28-8 1.Ictiología 2.Biodiversidad acuática 3.Ambientes acuáticos 4.Especies amenazadas 5.Moluscos 6.Cangrejos 7.Peces 8.Tortugas 9.Crocodílidos 10.Aves 11.Mamíferos 12.Colombia I. Lasso, Carlos A. (Ed) II. Córdoba, Diego (Ed) III. Morales-Betancourt, Mónica A. (Ed) IV. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. CDD: 578.76 Ed. 23 Número de contribución: 567 Registro en el catálogo Humboldt: 15006 CEP – Biblioteca Francisco Matís, Instituto Alexander von Humboldt -- Nohora Alvarado Responsabilidad. Las denominaciones empleadas y la presentación del material en esta publicación no implican la expresión de opinión o juicio alguno por parte del Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Así mismo, las opiniones expresadas no representan necesariamente las decisiones o políticas del Instituto, ni la citación de nombres, estadísticas pesqueras o procesos comerciales. Todos los aportes y opiniones expresadas son de la entera responsabilidad de los autores correspondientes. F. Trujllo COMITÉ CIENTÍFICO • Anabel Rial Bouzas (BioHábitat A. C. Venezuela y consultora independiente) • Aniello Barbarino (Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias–INIA, Venezuela) • Antonio Machado-Allison (Universidad Central de Venezuela) • Carlos Barreto-Reyes (Fundación Humedales, Colombia) • Carlos A. Rodríguez Fernández (Fundación Tropenbos, Colombia) • Célio Magalhães (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia INPA/CPBA, Brasil) • Donald Taphorn (Universidad Experimental de los Llanos–Unellez, Venezuela) • Edwin Agudelo-Córdoba (Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas– Sinchi, Colombia) • Fernando Trujillo (Fundación Omacha, Colombia) • Francisco de Paula Gutiérrez (Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Colombia) • Germán Galvis Vergara (Universidad Nacional de Colombia) • Hernando Ramírez-Gil (Universidad de los Llanos–Unillanos, Colombia) • Hernán Ortega (Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos–UNMSM, Perú) • Jaime De La Ossa (Universidad de Sucre, Colombia) • John Valbo Jørgensen (Departamento de Pesca y Acuicultura, FAO) • Josefa C. Señaris (Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Venezuela) • Luz F. Jiménez-Segura (Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia) • Mauricio Valderrama Barco (Fundación Humedales, Colombia) • Myriam Lugo Rugeles (Universidad Nacional de Colombia) • Ramiro Barriga (Instituto Politécnico de Quito, Ecuador) • Ricardo Restrepo M. (Universidad Santo Tomas de Aquino–USTA, Colombia) • Rosa E. Ajiaco-Martínez (Universidad de los Llanos–Unillanos, Colombia) • Susana Caballero-Gaitán (Universidad de los Andes, Colombia) Pato pico de oro (Anas georgica). Foto: R. Gaviria-Obregon. M. A. Morales-Betancourt TABLA DE CONTENIDO Siglas y acrónimos institucionales 7 Presentación 11 Autores y afiliaciones 13 Agradecimientos 15 Resumen ejecutivo 17 Executive summary 25 Introducción 27 1. Métodos 33 2. Moluscos 49 3. Cangrejos 71 4. Peces 123 5. Tortugas 183 6. Crocodílidos 223 7. Aves 257 8. Mamíferos 301 9. Conclusiones y recomendaciones 351 5 LagosLLaggos dee Tarapoto,Tarapotoo, AAmazonas.maazoonnaass. Foto:Foto o:: FF.. Trujillo.Trruju illo. F. Villegas SIGLAS Y ACRÓNIMOS INSTITUCIONALES AMVA: Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá CAM: Corporación Autónoma del Alto Magdalena CAR: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca Carder: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Risaralda Cardique: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Canal del Dique Carsucre: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Sucre CAS: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Santander CBS: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Sur de Bolívar CDA: Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Norte y Oriente Amazónico CDMB: Corporación Autónoma Regional para la Defensa de la Meseta de Buca- ramanga Codechocó: Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Chocó Coralina: Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina Corantioquia: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Centro de Antioquia Cormacarena: Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Área de Manejo Especial La Macarena Cornare: Corporación Autónoma Regional de las cuencas de los ríos Negro y Nare Corpamag: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Magdalena Corpoamazonía: Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Sur de la Amazonia Corpoboyaca: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Boyacá Corpocaldas: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Caldas Corpocesar: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Cesar Corpochivor: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Chivor Corpoguajira: Corporación Autónoma Regional de La Guajira Corpoguavio: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Guavio Corpomojana: Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Mojana y el San Jorge 7 XVI. ÁREAS CLAVE PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD DULCEACUÍCOLA AMENAZADA SIGLAS Y ACRÓNIMOS INSTITUCIONALES Corponariño: Corporación Autónoma Regional de Nariño Corponor: Corporación Autónoma Regional de la Frontera Nororiental Corporinoquia: Corporación Autónoma Regional de la Orinoquia Corpouraba: Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Urabá Cortolima: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Tolima CRA: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Atlántico CRC: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Cauca CRQ: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Quindío CVC: Corporación Autónoma Regional del Valle del Cauca CVS: Corporación Autónoma Regional de los Valles del Sinú y San Jorge DAGMA: Departamento Administrativo de Gestión del Medio Ambiente de Cali DAMAB: Departamento Técnico Administrativo del Medio Ambiente Barranquilla PNN: Parque Nacional Natural SF: Santuario de Flora SFF: Santuario de Flora y Fauna VP: Vía Parque. 8 CiénagaCiC énnaga dee Zapatosa.Zappatatosa.a FFoto:oto o: LL.. M. MMesa-S.eessaa-S. RíoRíR o Caquetá.Caaquuete áá. Foto:Fotto:o FF.. MoMosquera-Guerra.ssqueera-Gueu rrra.a M. A. Morales-Betancourt PRESENTACIÓN Colombia es ya sin lugar a dudas, unos de los Pero desafortunadamente, como dicen países más diversos del mundo en cuanto por ahí, “no todo lo que brilla es oro…”. a fauna acuática continental o dulceacuí- Muchas de estas especies -descritas o no- cola se refiere. Los avances científicos en están amenazadas. La reciente Resolución la materia muestran como se incrementa la del Ministerio del Ambiente y Desarrollo tasa de descripción anual de especies nue- Sostenible número 1912 del 2017, recoge vas para la ciencia a una velocidad increíble. 117 especies dulceacuícolas en riesgo de También es un hecho comprobado que tras extinción. Este listado, fruto del trabajo cualquier expedición que se realice en el conjunto entre los institutos del SINA, país, así sea en un área remota o descono- academia, ONG e investigadores indepen- cida
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