land Article Place Attachment and Its Consequence for Landscape-Scale Management and Readiness to Participate: Social Network Complexity in the Post-Soviet Rural Context of Latvia and Estonia Joanna T. Storie 1,* , Enri Uusna 1, Zane Eglaja¯ 2, Teele Laur 1, Mart Külvik 1, Monika Suškeviˇcs 1 and Simon Bell 1 1 Department of Landscape Architecture, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56/3, 51006 Tartu, Estonia 2 Department of Geography, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV 1586 Riga, Latvia * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +371-2-7872380 Received: 14 June 2019; Accepted: 9 August 2019; Published: 13 August 2019 Abstract: This paper uses the tripartite place attachment framework to examine six rural parishes across Estonia and Latvia. Existing analyses/frameworks on participatory processes often neglect the complexity of relationships that rural residents have to their local environments. From a qualitative analysis of face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with case study area inhabitants (23 interviews in Estonia and 27 in Latvia), we depict varying degrees of attachment of individuals to each other and to the place in which they live and their readiness to participate in terms of willingness and ability to participate in a landscape-scale management process. Attachment to the local area was strongest where the social ties were strongest, independent of their sociogeographical features. Social ties were strong where there were good family connections or strong religious or cultural institutions. Taking individual parishes and engaging inhabitants through in-depth interviews using place attachment analysis gives an overall perspective of life in that rural location.