ANTI-APARTHEID NEW

ANTI-APARTHEID NEW TI " newuinpa" of the Ati-Apartheid Nlwemt 10 Police shoot demonstrators dead as they say 'Kissi, Go Home' 1i ote dm ,ve right) entrelpages. Kissinger buys time for whites campa ui moveme . La South wl .s i EC wil 'a nion recognise Transkei AT a meeting in September that what the Foreig Ministers of the carrythe nine EEC countries announced hole labo r that they wbuld not extend rebognition to the Transkei ramm Bantustan when Suth Africa rgrants it "independence on iOctober 26. KADER ASMAL, Vice Chairman of ,tment the Irish Anti-Apartheid has adopted Movement, explains the back0s5is for a ground to the decision, page 8 stment in )support SWAPO rejects SA i move on Namibia 11 1r. ai -iusive nerview witn AA NEWS, PETER KATJAVIViSWAPO' s Western European representative, sets out the liberation movement's case, page 9. Smith dismisses death appeals SO far this year, at least 37 Zimbabweans have had their appeals against death senfenee

2 . ACTION-NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL Britain Haringey HARINGEY Anti-Apartheid Group has held two suCjcessful house meetings and discussion groups on the Soweto crisis and after, and is planning for a major public meeting in October. Solly Smith and Ronnie Kasrils addressed groups in Crouch End andMuswell Hill on the implications of the current wave of strikes and protests in South Africa and the role of the African National Congress. On October 21 the Group is arranging a follow up to the Labour Party Conference in the form of a public meeting at which the main speaker will be Hornsey Labour Party's recently adopted Parliamen tary candidate, Ted Knight SACTU THE trade union and labour movewent must give overwhelming support to the Labour Party NEC call for a freeze on investment, mandatory economic sanctions and the halting of sales of any equipmant which enhances South Africa's military capacity. That was the call from Lawrence Daly, General Secretary of the Nationa Union of Mineworkers, speaking at last month's South African Cngrss of Trade Unions meeting in the Conway Hall. The mneeting had been caailed to commemorate the 30th anniversary of thstrike of 100,000 black mineworkers* in South Africa. There was much to p, Lawrence DayQdnd far too mainy had died already. Trade unions in Britain, realed the importance of internationalism and solidaity. Now they mustunite arouand this Programme of effective solidarity action in support of those engaged in a liberationtruggle tfhat would triumiph soon er than we thought. Jhnaps etseem General Secretary of SACTJ, underinsed the THE NOS isto launch a major ' campaign on Southern Africa in the coming academic year. During the summer research has been carried out into university investments in the top 60 British companies operating in South Africa, and students' union Presi dents have been informed of the extent of their university's investment. This will form the basis of what the NUS believes will be the biggest ever student campaign for distinvestment-aleady many unions have importance of the British public realising that the struggle was not a question of a sudden outburst this summer. It had been going on since 1946 and would continue. On this day, e said, we needed to remember all our struggles, and prepare for freedom in South Africa. Other speakers at the meeting included Ken Morgan, NUJ General Secretary, Dave Bowm n, President NUR, Ctoney Braam, General Secretary of Netherlands AA , Thabo Mbeki, ANC Executive member, Gordon Craig from th Scottish TUC and Zola Zembe of SACTU. Norman Willis Assistant General Secretary of the TUC, wa-s also present. The Mayib ye group performed at the end of the meeting, which heard messages of supportfroq the TUC, ICPTU, WFTU, World Con' federation of Labour and the International Mineworkers Federation, ILTF F deration Cup THE UN Committee Against Apartheid has accused the ILTF of a tota disregard for human rights, following its threat to fine co ntries wshich refused to play against South THE DEATH SENTENCES vw film about the two SWAPO leaders sentenced to death in Namibia 15 mins Hire charge: £2 plus postage From: Anti-Aparthelid Movement, 89 Charlotte St, London Wl, Tel 01-58056311 ANAMIBIAN EVENINGFridayOctober29 7.30pm The Africa Centre, 38 King Street, London WC2 Film: "Namibia-The Liberation Struggle" Namibian foodJ-traditional music-crafts-photo exhibition Also Jackson Kaujela singing sonags from Namibia begun to laytheir plans for action. Students at polytechnics and other colleges are being asked to work for a boycott of South African produce, taking the issue up not only in their colleges but also in the local community. The other major-imphasisrof student work will be for solidarity with the liberation movementssolidarity stemming from a real understanding of the struggles in which they are engaged and manifested in a major fund raising drive to be launched in late October/ Africa in the Federation Cup in Philadelphia in August. Flee countries withdrew from the competition rather than play against a racially selected South African'team, Ireland SA boyott THE Irish Anti-Apartheid Move went has called a day of solidlarity on Saturday October9 to mobilisa Irish public opinion in aolidarity with the uipsurg of African opposi. tin to apartheid. ft wili bye the day to promote the boycottof South African goods and t," demonlstrate its condepmnation of businesses with apartheid asociations. The Movement held a public meeting in Dublin on September 10 to -ally support for the demonstrators in SouthAfrica. Austin Flannery spoke -n action in Ireland anl Kader Asmal on current events in South Africa. Irish AAM is also planning a conferesce for trade unionists "Workers Againt Apartheid" on Saturday September 25. Ireland'sNationdi Cycling Association hes rejected an~ invitation fromt South Africa to send an expanses- paid team to take part in a competition there in October. DOI'T M ON i ticm~ ug - u pm-1 am T Tickets £2 (including foodi - £1 after 10.30 pm iNamibia Support Committee, 21/25 Tabernale St. London EC2, BYCT BR LTel 01.688 1878 BYO T U HARINGEY ANTI-APARTHEID GROUP pote e from A. Poster available from AA PUBLIC MEETING 89 Charlotte St, London NUS international Dept, "Crisis in Southern Africa-Britain's Responsibility" 3 Endsleigb St, London ThursdayOctober21 8.00pm . Pricelop. Osborne Grove Luncheon Club, Upper Tollington Park, N4' (Finsbury Parktube;W2,W3&W7buses)" PHOTOCRAFT Speaker: TED KNIGHT, Parliamentary Labour Candidate, J 4 Heath Street Hornsey LondonNW3 Film: SOWETO - as shown on Thames TV "This Week" Photographic dealer ChairmanfromAAM photographers ...... 1"' early- November. A campaign manual providing a detailed background to this work and'other areas such as emigration and Barclays Bank's-operations in South Africa-has been produced, along with posters andstickers. Copies of these and further information are available from International Dept, NUS, 3 Endsleigh St London WC1, or from the AntiApartheid Movement, 89 Charlotte St, London WI. Irish AAM condemned the invitation as an attempt to treat Irish cyclists as "sporting nercenaries" and congratulated the NCA on "providing a heartening example for other Irish sporting bodies". In September a South African impresario, Warick Ofsowitz, was forced to cancel auditions for Irish singers to performhin South Africa, after they were disrupted by Irish AAM supporters. The Movement wiil h ld its AGM on Friday November 19: cloiring date for resolutions is November 1. Irish AAM. 20 Beechpark Rtoad, Foxcock, Co Dublin, Tel 895035, Canada 'SA go home' A Souti African team which toured Canada in July met with demonstratiOns and protests from anti apartheid groups, which forced the cancellation of three of its matches and disrupted another. The team's match in Edmonton, Alberta, was cantelled after opposition frq the Free Southern Africa Committee and iniToonto protesters from the ANC's Toronto Commit'ee, TCLSAad 'Canadians Concerned about Southern Africa orgarrjsed a demonstration at the ground; Further protess led to the calling off of matches in Ottawa and Montreal. I The teams was subsidised by Harry Oppenhemer and the President of Canadian Pepsi Cola: its captain claimed that it was "just a group of friends out on a holiday to see the Olympics" who "decided theymight as well play a little cricket". 'Don't profit from apartheid' say students CRISIS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Public meeting October20 7.30pm St Pancras Town Hall, Euston Road, London NW1 Speakers include: Col Mbita Executive Secretary OAU JAVS Liberation Committee, Abdul Minty, Hon Secretary AAM, Charles Clarke, PresidentiNUS, Peter Hain, Chairman BYC, and representatives of the youth, sections of MPLA and the Southern African liberation movements Wl, or Organised jointlyby tie British Youth Council and the VCl. Anti-Apartheid Movement Angola Solidarity Committee ANGOLA: NEW REPUBLIC I Fortnightly discussion forums at The Roebuck, Tottenham. Court Road, W1,.at 7.30 pm: . s and Friday October 8 - Women's revolution in Angola Thursday October 21 - Angola and African and Caribbean , , , ii rt.. PEN SA stays in PEN-the international writers' association-rejected a motion that it should expel the South African PEN Club from membership, at its meeting in London this summer. Instead it decided to "collect facts" on the situation in South Africa. The resolution was put forward by the Dutch PEN Club, which had earier heard black South African writer, Lewis Nkosi, c8lI for South Africa's expulsion from international PEN, at a meeting in The Hague last May. Lewis Nkosi told the meeting that although the South African PEN Club claimed that it did not practise racism and that there was nothing in its rules which prohibited black membership, the majority of black and progressive white writers in South Africa had no confidence in it. He said that South African PEN had failed to carry out its minimal obligations to writers who had been victimised by the racist minority regime, France SATA THE South African Tsuraist A ..ociation has bean forced to eicel a conference theat it planncedto 'hoI at DeaugviII, Septsmber 6-10, after Protests froth teren Anti. Outpan Campaign. The coference. was to have been gttended by 300 South Africanfdeiegates. A spokesmah for the Campaign said that the decision to cancal the conference showed th~at the Pretoria Governmenit man beingfoarced to take into account international Protest against apartheid. Australia Firm gets out AN Australian companrotector Safety Industries, has pulled oput of South Africa after operatingfthere for sine years. The firm's Managing Director, J1 Danilo, maid that one of thefactors which had influanced its decision was the "uncetain long range political future in Souath Africa". 1 11 1 1 11 -

Arri-Apartield News 'October 1976 Page 3 'Nordic countries back binding arms embairgo RADIO equipment manufactured by a British firm, Raceal Electronics Ltd, was usedin theraid on a Zimbabwean refugee camp in which at least 800 people were massacred The equipment was in a Ferret armoured car, made in South Africa under British lieence, which was Captured by Mozambican People's Liberation Forces after the raid. Other Rhodasian weapons which have ben apturedrecenly by - Mozambican forces defending Mozambique against attacks by the Smith regime, include a Britishmade Buccaneeraircraft, supplied to Rhodesia by South Africa. South Africa is known to have British Buccaneers which were supplied to it before the imposition of the British arms embargo in 1964 -but they have been maintained with spare parts supplied throughout the term of office of the Labour Government. Trade unionist dies after being detained by police ANOTHER detainee, Like 9Mazeibga, heetdied while being held for isterrogatio by the South African Searity Police. He wasa member of the Western Province Advice Workers Bureau. The police announced his death on September 6 and alleged that he had hanged himselfyi his cell within two hours of his detention. Luke Mazwemba's family and friends have testified that he was in good health at the time of his arreit. He is the 26th political detainee : known to have died While being 1 held by the Security Police, and the third to die this year. The others were Joseph Mdllif., who died on March 19, and Mepetla Molai, whose death was announced by the Post office workers union leader Tom Jackson joined ajpicket to prptest Security Police on August 5. against the death of. South African trade unionist Luke M zwemba, outside I .South Africa House in London on September 13. 'End police torture'-TUC delegates A PROTEST against the death in union rights but that political and Tailors and Garment Workers. detention of South African trade economic freedom which it is the The letters protested against the unionist Luke Mazwemba was policyof the South African Govern- death of Luke Mazwemba and hanaed in tp the South African menttodenythem". demandedthattheSouthAfrican Embassyby the General Secretary Also handed in were letters Government "respond to the call of the Post Office Workers' Union, signed by over 200 delegates to last made this week by Jack Jones, Tom Jackson, on September 14. month's TUC. representing 21 trade Chairman of the Ti In ternationl THE African and non-aligned Norwayand Denmark. countries will press for the UN At a meeting heldin Copenhagen arms embargo against South in August, the Foreign Ministers of Africa to be made mandatory the Nordic countries announced when theSecurityCouncil that theywouldpress forthe UN debates Namibia at the end of arms embargo to be made compelSeptember-but the move-will sory. . almost certainlybe vetoed by The decision came at thesame theWesternpowers. timeasNorway'smovetoban In June 1975 Britain, USa ad further investment by Norwegian France cast a triple veto against a firms in South Africa and Swedish resolution which called for a iarn . Prime Minister Otof Palme's strong datory arms embargo on the statement against collaboration grounds that South Africa's illegal with South Africa to Sweden's occupation of Namibia was a threet AssociationofChristianSocialtoworidpeace. Democrats(SeptembrAANews). The Afican countries will argue In Britain leading trade unionists that the imposition of a binding have again appealed to the Governarms ban is becoming a matter of ment not to use its veto in the extreme urgency in the light of the Security Council against moves to growing war situation in Southern make the arms banmandatory.Africa. Theyhavealsourgeditto Theywillcite strengthentheBritisharms " the"free and unlimited embargo sothatit amounts to"a access to arms and military complete embargo on the sales of equipment" that South Africa all military and police equipment to gives to the Smith regime. South Africa". * the new evidence of the way In a letter to Prime Minister that South African arms Callaghan, theysay that they are supplied to the Rhodesian making the appeal in the light of a armed forces are being used 'situation where the South African in Rhodesia's aggression Governmtis firing on its own' against Mozambique- people and alsl persisting in its provided by the recent illegal occupation of Namibia. capture of South African-' The letter in signedby27 union imanafactured war materials leaders, including 17 members of by the Mozambique People's the TUC General Council, Jack Liberation Forces.' Jones, TGWU Geieral Secretary, " South Africa's continuing and leaders of CPSA' NUPE, AUEW acTs of aggression against ITASSi, ACTT, NUR, NALGO, Angola, ASTMS,TobaccoWorkers, UPW, The move will get new support NUM, ASLEF, NUS, Musicians from the Governments of Sweden, Union, NUJ and SOGAT. Marconi in new bid for MARCONI has amended its appluca- ment which Marconi hopes to sell tion fora government licence to After the Marconi deal was enable it to go ahead with its deal exposed, it was discovered that for the supply of commincations equipment to the South African GEC's plan to sell communications Defence Department, so that it no equipment to the South African longer states that the equipment will Defence Force, via its Marconi subbe used in Namibia. sidiary, reducedits AGM to uproar Marconi came under fire when it on September 10. was revealed by e of its engineer-s Reed David Haslam refused to Jock Hall, that it was planning to accept the Chairman's claim that sell a sophisticated tropospheric the equipment was for civilian use scatter communications system to and protested that the proposed the South African Defence Force, deal was a form of direct support apparently for use against SWAPO for apartheid. guerrillas in Namibia. He continued to protest after Now it looks-as if Marconi has the Chairman, Lord Nelson, attempcollaborated with the South African ted to move next business, and the authorities to draw pa revised ' meeting turned into a shouting application which contains no men- match between David Haslam, who tion of Namibia and which it will be was still trying to put his arguments, easier for the British Government to and hostile shareholders, Theovereh ae troposphericscatterequipmentwas been Government has already , aogtetftrals pcflal been forced to amend its Export of among the materls.pecifically Goods (Control) Order so that it no exempted from the need for an longer eempts the type of equ x export licence when theywere e teteoe beingsoldtoCommonwealth British radio used in refugee unions. They were: NALGO, NUPE, UPW, TGWU, NUJ, GMWU, SOGAT, NGA, NUR, ASLEF, ASTMS, CPSA, ACTT, AUEW-TASS, USDAW, Bakers Union, Iron and Steel Trades Confederation, Civil Service Union, Ceramic and Allied Trades Union, Tobacco Workers Union, and the National Union of Committee, for an end to the maltreatment of African trade unionists". Free prisoners They also called for the releass. of all political prisoners and detainees ahd for "a halt to the torture, harassment, detention and killings of African trade unionists". Death toll mounts in South African gaols NINETY two people died in deten lion in South African gaols in 1975, according to Minister of Justice James Kruger In reply to a question in the South African Parliament. Fifty seven of the detainees died within 24 hours of their arrest, another 19 died within three days, while only 7 survived the first week, of whom only two lived longer than six months. Considering the short interval before the death of most of the detainees, the reasons given for their deaths are ludicrous: 13 were said to have died of "natural causes"; 24 were alleged to have committed suicide; 9 died from "wounds inflicted during attempts to escape"; 6 from injuries received during their arrest; and 7 were said to have died from assaults by fellow prisners. Most of the 92 were arrested for petty criminal offences like "drunkenness". Two charged with aiding ANC SUSAN and David Rabkin have been charged under the Terrorism Act with conspiring with the African National Congress and other banned organisations to distribute underground literature. They were detained on July 28 and are both British citizens. 'No More Deaths' Tom Jackson was taking part in a picket of the Embassy whichdemanded "No More Deaths in Detention" and told Vorster "You'll have to Build Bigger Jais". The picket was orgamnised by the AntiApartheid Movement, The letter said thut Luke Mazwemba's death was the latest in "a long line of atrocities" committed by the South African authorities "against those who are sot only attempting to secure trade SA license countries, the US or South Africa. This loophole was closed after protests from Labour and Liberal MPs, briefed by the Anti-Apartheid Movement, and Marconi now has to obtainan export licence, But it is by no means certain that the Govern ment will -refuse to grant a licence-in spite of the fact that the equipment is destined for the South African Defence Department. The deal raises the whole question of what is and what is not military equipment and shows how the narrowness of the Government's definition makes a travesty of the British arts embargo. Marconi is a subsidiary of GEC (General Electric Company). A - detailed report on GEC's links with S ott Afric- The General Electric Company Loited: A Review of the Coivpany's Relationship with South Africa"-has just been published by Christian Concern for Southern Africa. Itis obtainable froso: CCSA, I Carnbrlega Terrace,. London N/?. Price £1. massacre The evidence provided by the captured equipment bearsaout Zambia's claim that Rhodesia has "free and unlimited access to South African arms and military equipmeet". It also shows how the British arms ban is so shot through with loopholes that not only is British military equipment being exported to South Africa-it is even being used to massacre Zimbabwean men, women and children.by. the... igegal Smith regime. I JOIN THE ANTIAPARTHEID ... . MOVEMENT ]Name... .." _ Z ___ _- : I Address - - -- ,_- __------I i------I I Tel Ii Minimum membarship fee: £3; students/apprentices £2 Overseas: Surface maillEurope £3; Airmail £6 Affiliation: national organiSatiis £10; regional organisations, f5; local organisatioane, E3 Subscription to AA NEWS: UK anffrest of Europe £1.75; Outside Europe, surface mail £1.75: airmail £3.75 AAM, 8F9 CharlotteSt.. London WIP 2Q. Tel. 01-580-5311 L

--rse' -,"osWa~sosew , - Umetie17 Labour says 'No more- funds for 'apartheid'. THELabourPartyNEChas 1968AEA-RTZ contract for adopted far-reaching proposals uranfum suplien from Namibia. fr i airn's disenaement While the statement on Southern om S Rhodesia declares that anysettleETHEL DE KEYSER argues ment should be decided on the hat the LabourGovernmentis basisof one man-ore vote, it also facing almst its last chance to Puts forward the position of the retain its cedibility and that Labour Governmentwhichit mst actoe theLabour envisages atwo-stage operation Party'Sdecisins. andwhichisnowendorsing Kissinger's "diplomacy". The ON August 27 the Labour Party results of this are still far from launch ed the National Executive clear, Conmittee's statement on This document has been issued "Labour's Policy for South Africa" at a time of extraordinary developThe r sult of many months of ments in South Africa. In the research and discussion, the policies str'eets of Cape Town, Johannesput forward in this document are a burg and Someta, and in the E "hooln deveropment on "Labour's Pro- and universities throughout the granime for 1973". country, black South Africans inp care confronting the might elaborates on the need for economic o the "off cia forces" o t disenfgement and makes opecific apartheid regime. They are demon propoudls. It calls on Labour to strating their opposition to this prohibit all further investment by repressive and exploitative system British companies in South Africa"; in the face of guns and teargas; they to" nthieyeth osiit o t investigate the possibility of are withdrawing their labour despite nationalised industries with their lack of resources for food and drawing their investments..." and, shelter. . to "ensure that all British banks Their courage and resolve are withdraw from South Africa; and certainly remarkable andhas met immediately forbid them] froN the predictable jackboot response. operating in Nemibia and transfer- Hundreds of people have been ring funds to and from Southern killed, thousandsarrestedandRhodesia". detained. It further talls for the tightening Just as with the privileged white Of "the ban on arms sales to include minority in South Africa whohave technical knowledge, spares and now to take what must be equipment to enhance its [South final opportunity for choiceAfrica's] military capability"; urges whether to stand with the majority Labour to "seek to end any collabo- for a hun-racla( democratic society ration with South AfricabyNATOorNTI oasn Q"e inSouthAfricaortocon~tinuewith Opowers"adto"give theirCanute-Iike existence and face humanitarian financialand material . taconseqoences- so with the aid to the liberation movements. Labor Government. In anabbreviatedformthis Thetimeis nowfortheimpl. statementformspartofLabour's mentaionofthem reoutio.Progam.... 197 which fe.ro U, many resonutoons ProgralUmme f Ut 1976, Whih c passed at Con feence. The G overnincludes an outline of policy on ment must act on the decisions Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) taken by the Labour Party. and a more extended statement o Some proposals have been Namibia. adoptedbutinallcasestheystop The latter states that "The short of a commitment in support Labour Party believes that the ofithe African majority. current South African occupation The need for an intensified poses a threat to peace and that the campaign throughout the ]abour United Kingdom should support movement is clearly called for, and actiotmn the Security Council under the forthcoming Labour PartyCoyChapter VII, Article 39, of the UN ference will provide the opportunity Charter in order to make South for its initiation. Africa end this threat and comply The policy on Southern Africa with the decision of the United outlined in this documentprovidesNations." anexcellentbasisfbrtheGovernItcallsonBritishcompanies to ment to work on, at least in respect withdraw from Namibia; on the of policy for Namibia and South British 'Government to withdraw, Africa. \Loopholes in the arms consular facilities; and for the embargo and British investment in amendment or termination of the South Africa and Rhodesia are I ~TP'W * - - Leftto ht'Ethl - -- . "PicrurebayMorningStat Left to sight: Ethel dv Keyser, Jenny Little, Alex Kitson and Stan Newens MP at the press lanch of the Sa Labour Party's new Programme on Southern Africa. central. and require immediate have announced their intention to mainain wh-isfaced with the attention. I l speeduptheir rateof capital divergence of Labour PartydeclaraTheAAM haslistedmasy investment in South Africa and to tions and Government actions. And breaches in 'the arms embargo; it spend R375 million (f250 m over though the Labour Party Programme has also publicised-ttecafesof thenextfiveyears. onSouthernAfrica will Ifovide British Leylandrnd 9SC invest. This is a dangerous course to encouragement for the peoples Of ments in South Africa. Now BP pursue. Credibility is difficult to Southern Africa, this response must SA in~e n inevitab y be tinged with cynicism N orw ay bants ~A U~ rs''a.S inthefaceofGovernmentPolicy. has . SsltetAfeaomiofiyregiesThesupport ofthe THElS Gasvernmssent of Norway hen Southern African ffinorty regimes, British labour moemn is imporeastutly a.nne all furher invest- In a address to the Swedish tant far the peope ofSdsathrn nrnesbyt NfegwanfirmsirSouth Assocai n is Social Aatfo rtheoleofSoefn Africa. In Augastitannounced DemocsisAugust,Swedenit isfotepp of thai currency transfers from Nor- Prime Minister saithat Social the United Kngdom. way to South Africa for investment Demoaats in all West European Britain. porposes would no longer be per- countries, includingBritain,should 'mitted. "considerserieusly"theapstioofGldugh call It also sfated thet in future company representation and lew eprcrdtguaaranstees would not investmentsain Souths Africa. ~to Labour beavailablefortradedealswith HeaooclledonthemtoSouthAfrica. .s conductaneffective policy of THE imposition of a strict embargo The moeeaefllcts thentrong isolation and moctions against on rhe supply of all Briti h military stand which all the Scandinavian South Africa at the UIN. and polile equipment to South countriesarenowtakingagainstthe AfricaandRhodesia-including C Pmercenary recruittrwas taled CP demandsendto arms s forinreso/utionsssubmittedtothe Labour Pgrty Conference at the end THE Communist Party's Executive militaryaid, including of September. Committee called for an end to iiercanaries, from Britain to Serera resiluians an asked the British arms sales and economic SouftfrAfrica, Rhodesia and Labour Government tasupport support for South Africa, at is Namibia. movesat-the UN us make the arms meetingerSeptember 11-12. 0 Support all international ban against South Airica mandatory, it urged the labour and demro- moves for economic sanutions Constituency Labour Parries, cratic movements in Britain to Press against South Africa. which submitted resoiutons calling theGovernmentto: 9,Demandthereleaseofall fortougheractionagainstthewhite 0 End all British ivestment in pilitcal prisoners in South minorityregimes were Knutsford, South Africa, .11 loans by Africa, Rhodesia and Namibia. Dunfermline,_Southierfordshire, British banks andall exports * Give no-support to US BoltonWest, Roxbuh Selkirk & ofcapitalgoods. manosaresinSouthern Peebles,StAlbans,Edinburgh *Pieceanembargoonall Afrig. CentralandStroud. fNL opinion shifts against All Blacks TWO months after the drama- - bverl factors belatedly but noteorfascd RpdDixon, for The Muldoon Government's tic African withdrawal from strengthened the opposition in New instance, emphasised strongly that \Policy of "non-inte-ference" in the Olympic Games, New ZealandtotheAllBlacktour. heblamedtheNewZealand . sport has been a farce and a failure. Zealanders are still arguing Although some New Zealanders Government and not the African The Government that refused to about wher. they went wrong, tried to brush off the African sportsmen for the disruption of the "interfere" to Prevent the At Black abuwheretthe anentlOfwortongOymic. The resulthas been a distinct ,exarnple of political Olympics. - tour of South Africa recently over, hIipening of existing divisions in interference, it was dearto many On the basis of carefuleducations came Its xcrupi sufficiently to New Zealand over attitudes nct only New Zealanders that the African and campaigning by the Anti- ban Rhodesia frbm competing in to apartheid and sporting contacts sportsmen had by no-eans acted Apartheid Movement throughout a World Golf tournament in New with South Africa, but also to the unwillingly. Reported statements the country, the Olympic boycott Zealand. At the same time, the y-er rM o fromthesesportsmenshowedthat andthecurrent unrest in South "non-interfering" Government newly-el-e reactionary Muloon Government. themajorityunderstoodand Africahaveconsolidatedoiposition allowed its Under-Secretary for In April this year, the Auckland supported the pinciples behind the to thePtour and piarised o inions. SportandRecreationtoofficiallyboycott. Ononeslde.alnosthalfthepopu- farewell the AlllBlack team. Sea. . ...o seaea lathsopposedto ttr.' Muldoons spyos poni cy is n 56 per cent support for the tour, Comments from the New +with 22 per cent against. By early Zealand Olympic Team were at Bat on the other there isstill a ' tatters". July, as the African boycottthr first suppressed bythe team strong pigheaded "damn the rest of One question is now uppermost grew, the same poll showed a drama- manager, Lance Cross. When the the world" attitude among large in many New Zealanders' minds; tic change 45.5 per cen ft the or press wereventualyable to ntar- numbers f NewZealanders. will there byanother tour? At tour and 41 .5 pererenit against, view members, those most cloely Simi , thereissong-"regneck" present, MuldoonLance Cross affected, the athletes, were bitter grassirolts soport for Muldnon. (theOYmpicmainmanager)the' tour New Zealand Rugby Pdotbifil Union, and many others are determined that there wil be. But the list on the other side is increasing steadily: anti-apartheid movement supporters, enior -oeryiment Officials, Members of Parliament on both sides of the House, New Zealandl athletes. However, the New Zealand Anti-Apartheid Movement cannot afford to relax. Opinion has certainly moved their way over the past fewrmouths. But with a possible all-Maori rugby tour of South Africa under consideration by the New Zesland Rugby Fmtbell Union and no clear reasesument of policy by the Government, there is. still mauch to be done.

'Impose against LAST month's Trades Union Congress reaffirmed its demand for the breaking of economic links with South Africa and its support for the liberation movement. TERRY MARSLAND, a delegata to the TUC from the Tobacco Workers Union, says that the struggle now being waged by black South African workers demandk a greater solidarity from British trade Unionists than ever before. S ODON'T mourn-mobilis" - this wes the call from the African National Congress at the time of the ,June Soweto mamsacre. Since then the British trade union movement has responded with increased aupport for measures designed to isolate the outh African apartheid regime. Among the most significant of these has been the call by last month's Tfades Union Congress for an effective arms embargo on all military help to South Africa, for an end to new investment and support for the liberation movement. The mood of the Congress was clearly enpresed in the words of Jack Jones, TUC International Committee Chairman. After qutsoting figures about the numbers killedl, goled and detainedduring ( the ummer, he described apartheid as a "prescription for chaos" and called for the immediate scrapping of the policy. Earlier, over 100 delegates at an Anti-Apartheid Moavement fringe meetingiheard NUR President Dave Bowman, and John Gaetsewe, General Secretary of SACTU, call for an intensification of activity-to ensure that the British trade unionv movemenit fights with every means at its disposal against the policies that deny trade union rights to the majority of South African workers. Over the years-and particularly after the events of the last few No recognition for black union BRITISH Leyland has refused to recoglee the black Metal and Allied Workers Union, which has near 100 per cent membership among African workers at one of its Sooth African plants. The company says that to guard the £100 million a year turnover of its South African operations, it "must conform, if not'entirely" to South African Government and establishment wishes. It argued that if it granted negotiating rights to African unions it would run "a real degerof a backlash which could operate against the best commercial interests of the company'. In August British Leyland's national shop stewards' combine in Britain deided to black vehicle parts for South Africa if the comnpany continued to refuse to recognie the MAWU (September AA News). It said that Leyland had an obligation, not only to Its employees in South Africa and Britain but also to the Government and its shareholders to maintain its business and investmtent in South Africa., a strict arms ban Call to support, Vorster regime' AAM conference months-the trade union movement in Britain has clearly stated its abhorrence of and opposition to apartheid. Now the TUC is committed to a policy which- f it is implementedwill effectively cut the links between the Republic and Britain, an ally to which it is increasingly turning for support as international isolationl grows. Our task now is-to transform policy into practice. And carrying out the policy is by no means only a task for the TUC leadership. Only through effective action at all levels will the cutting of these links become a reality. And that means being clear ourselves about the major objectives and the way we tackle them. First, we must stress, as was stressed at the TUC, that stow, more than ever, the time for "building bridges" is clearly past. Second, trade unionists here must see the political dimensions of the struggle in which their brothers and sisters in South Africa are engaged. For them the struggle for the trade union rights is-nextricably tied up with he strAle for full political freedom. They know that they cannot win trade union freedoms without winning polti.l freedom-and itis to the struggle for national liberation to which any attempt at trade union organisation amongst Africans in South Africa inevitably leads. Third, the full extent of the support that Britain still gives to South Africa must be brought out. Many people in-our movement believe that Britan has cut the links already. That is a delusion of which they must be disabused Fourthour pressure must be directedto the British Government -where it is most effective-and must be sustained. At the TLC the Chairman and President, Cyril Plant, expressed the hope that what had been said during the debate on South Africa, and what we had agreed to do, would get through to South Africa. We must ensure that in the months ahead the three demandsno arms, no investment, support for the liberation struggle-2'get through" in a way that really hurts. This year the call from the TUC must be-a call to action: if your union has a policy, get it to act now. If your union has no pol icy, make sure that it gets some. Affiliate your branch to the AAM 1 -and, above all, sustain the campaign. 'No UK funds ,for SA - TUC * An end to all new British investment in South Africa, * A complete embrgo on all British military help to the South African Government, * Support for the liberation movement in South Africa. These were the three demsands on which the 1976 Trades Union Congrass, meeting in Brighton in September, decided to press the British Government. Moving the resolution Terry Marslad (Tobacco Workers Union) stressed that in she new situation in South Africa the need for effective solidarity action by trade unionists was greater than ever. "Workers in South Africa don't ned our sympathy, they have had, that for years. What they need is our assistance" she mid. Joe Bowers (AUEW-TASS) called for renewed support for SACTU (South African Congress of Trade Unions) and emphasised that Britain must break all its links with South Africa. He called for maximum presure to free all political prisoners and detainees, among them Dave Kitsof, an AUEW-TASS member, RTZ ups Naiiibia uranium price BR ITAIN has agreed to up the price Namibian uranium with the Rio it will pay for uranium from the Tinto Zinc Corporation, which Rossing minesin Namibia-in spite operates the Rossing mine, 'in 1968. of the fact that the main reason The Labour Government has which the Governeipt hiss given for persisted in ging ahead with the refusing to cancel the deal was the deal in the face of protests from cheapness of the fuel. insideand outside the Labour Party. The UK Atomic Energy Authori- The Labour Party's NEC has conty negotiated the contract for , demned the deal and urged the Government to call it off. BP plans big new investment in S Africa 13RITISH Petroleum is to invest pany "continues to have faith in the around £250 million in South long-term stability of South Africa" Africa over the next five years-and and "we are laying down hard cesh most of it will be raised from out- toproveit".sidethecountry. TheBritishGovernmenthava IOPSouthern Affria'sChalrman, .controlling 51 per centstake inBP.' W Templar, has sid that the com- BRITAIN is responsible for around 60 per cent of the foreign capital invested in South Africa- ver 500 British firms have subsidiaries there. Three of the top 10 South African companies are British owned and so are 25 of the top 100. Britain is also South Africa's biggest trading partner. And, even when investment is falling here, British-based multinationals, including publicly owned concerns, have increased their stake in South Africa, thus playing a crucial role in maintaining and strengthening the apartheid system at the very mment when South Africa is at its most vulnerable. It is links of this sort, besides arms-sales, emigration and bank loans, and the action that the trade union movement can take to break them, that will be the concern of the Anti-Apartheid Movement conference that will take place on November 6. -The aim of the conference is to provide information on the-basis of which effective solidarity action may betaken. The role of the trade union movement is central to attempts to isolate South Africa and it can exert pressure on the British Government that cannot be achieved by any other section of British eciety, The TUC and many individual uinionshave adopted clear policy, Our task is to see that this is taken up at all levels by every trade unionist, and that support forthe cause of freedom momes before every branch, region and district The unprecedented events in South Africa during the summer Scottish works SCOTTISH factories in Renfrew and Oumbarton are to get big order for boiler parts for a South African power station, as a result of a £100 milliojicontract won by Babcock and Wilcox's South African ssbsidiary. show that black people are prepared to oppose apartheid with renewed courage and determination. A key role in this new resistance to apartheid has been played by the black workers with their massive strikes in Soweto and Cape Town There is anurgent-naed for the British trade union and labour movement to intensify support for the black-South African workers. Thin.must be done not only by protesting, as trade unionists in Britain have, against detentions and presing for trade union rights, but also by action that will break Britain'sreconomic'support for apartheid. That is why the conference is so important. it will be opened by the President of the ILO, Michael O'Leary. Speakers and chairmen include John Forrester, Deputy General Secretary AUEW (TASS), John Miller, TGWU (Rubber, Oils, Chemicals) National Secretary, John Geetsewe, General Secretary SACTU, Tim Webb, National Organiser ASTMS, Ruth First and Abdul Minty, Hon Secretary of the Anti-Apartheid Movement. In the coming mboths South Africa will attempt to draw closer to its traditional allies. especially Britain. It is essential that we prevent that, anI in our attempts to do so the role of the trade unions movement will be a key one. That is why we are aking all AAM supporters todo all they can to ensure that a many trade union delegates as possible attend on November 6, Chris Child get SA orders The order covers the design, manufacture and commissioningof three boilers for the state-owned South African electricity corporation ESCOM. Senior stafffrom Aabcock and Wilcox in Britain will be seconded to South Africa for the project, SOUTHERN AFRICA AND THE BRITISH TRADE UNION AND LABOUR MOVEMENT One-day Delegate Conference organised by the Anti-Apartheid Movement SATURDAY NOVEMBER 6 1976 10.30 am-.30 pm Conway Hall, Red Lion Square, London WC1 Registration fee: £1.00 Further details and delegates' registration forms available from from Chris Child, Conference Organiser, Aiti-Apartheid Movement, 89 Charlotte St, London W1 P 2DQ, Tel 01-5805311 Please send me further details and registration form(s) for conference "Southern Africa and the British Trade Union and Labour Movement" Nam e ...... Organisation ...... Address ...... Tel No ...... Conference papers will be sent on receipt of registration form, Two furth1r contributions towards th debate on investment in Southern Africa have bean produced as pamphlets by Michael Williams & Dorcas Good and by Martin Legassik & David Hernson. Both are available-from AAM,

1flL'mAUImpg~h~~iyq~ ITY[ KIIEIOF - Dervnstrators march io the Cape town township of Langa (above policethrow teargas canisters (above right) a aises(bv Demonstrators 'accuse: Britain, of aiding whites AT the height of the demon- throughout the country-and liberation struggle, the differences strations against aparthe d in there is a considerable respect among whites are only ones of August,PAULBLOMFIELD, amongst youth,studets raty WhereattheNationalists NUS Executive member with workers for the central role continue alongthe road of increa special responsibility for played by the African)National sel repression, the United and SouthernAfrica,travelle inthestrugglefor ProgressiveReformPartiesare round South Africa meeting liberation, attempting to define parameters blackstudentactivists.He Theirconfidencahas,inpart, forchangewhichtheyhopewill a i reports on the new mod of ments in Zimbabwe and the retaining capitalism and theirle eenevictories oftheMPLA acpit s lackcat EVNi ac eio v ictorieseof-theMPLAand privilegedplace within it. EVENsi .yarsactiveinvolve FRELIMO,butperhapore Indoingsotheymakeclear to g ment in the AAM doesnot significantlybythe black coo- their failure, or unwillingness, to prepare one, as I found, for the sciousness movement. I held a grasp the aspirations of the black harsh reaitY of life in South number of cliscussions with people community. T he demand is for Africa. The facts and figures go involved in the movement and, - fundamental change which totally SOMETHING astonishing so far, bat cenot fully convey was impressed by their conception rejects not only apartheid but the l has been h th. misery suffered daily by the of it as a strategy for a particular economic system which has sus- a A een happening in South victims of apartheid society period, to develop a dignity in tained it forsolong. I Africa in 19 76, not just since Yet haying spent some time in blackcommunity in preparation The role of Britain isa source t he urisings Jhit the pres the country at the time of the for the political tanks ofliberation. of tremendous bitterness among headines inJune, but over upritings-and wans of repression- They see it as providing a counter the black community: They are the whole year. in August, I found the overall to thk psychological and cultural angry not only at the continued A pattern can be traced from picture far from depressing, nature of their oppression brought sporting and cultural links, the the refusal in Janaary of Meadow. There is a high level of political about by acceptance of White diplomatic support, the military ' lands School oardI to implement consciousness among all sectors capitalistic value systems- collaboration,"but most important- the policy of Afrikaans as a madiof the black community. As the Central to the development of ly at the economic inks. Recog- m of instructIon in African recent events in Cape Town have the movement has been the South nising the past role played by sehools, the expulsins, boycotts shown, there is a developing sense African Students' Organisation, many sections of the British and strikes ineolning aPme of the need for unity among all whose health, literacy and commu people they urged an intensifica. thoasandi p l s in Neinpuin theoppressed people nitydevelopment programme, tion of our efforts to isolate white iephinof an Meadowland The nominal blairk leaders are are not, as welfare projects, to South Africa economically, to Ag to Orlando end overwhelmingty rejected, even assist blacks to live within their press for the withdrawal of fur other Sowero schoolsin May people like Gatsha Buthelezi who social situation but as politicising British investment and to campaign and escalating through J ane toythe at one stage could genuinely claim programmes aiming to equip them against the use of South African march of 10.000 shoo children on support from wide sections of with the tools to transform their produce in Britain. . i6 June which wan confrontd by black workers. The decision of society. The work of SASO has- In addition, with a mind to the 1,000 heavily armed police. the chairman of SowetoUBC to contrary to reports in the British rapid developments in thesub- The march ended Ith the flee the township with his family press-forged a unity between continent, they called for a shooting that left 176 dead, ner and belongings is indicative of students and workers. Certainly .'development of solidaritywith the wit the rejection, by the people, of all the elements of conflict between libertion movements of Southern "He (the Blackman nown; his. those who participate within the the two sections to evist but, Africa, place and, f not, I'll tell him his structures of the apartheid govern- rather than being a negative . The cimate for such solidarity place." meat.process,Ifoundthistobea isfastdeveloping-the Labour uJames Kruger, Minister of Justice The people have a clear grasp healthy interchange of ideas Party NEC document and the .. of where their true leadership lies The white community, too, is TUC resolutions being two 1,000 injured and an unknown -the landlady of the Indian conscious that the apartheid . examples-but there is a heavy total arrested. Since then there boarding house in which I stayed system cannot last, but their responsibility on all of us to have been mass strikes ad upin Cape Town took me to her response varies Excepting a very intensify our efforts and build a I risings all over the country kitchen window overlooking small number of whites who mass campaign on Southern I and fighting between demonstraRobten Island and spoke of recognise that their role can only Africa as the liberation struggle i tors and police in the very centre Nelson Mandela and the other be in terms of support for the enters a most crAtncal phase. of the city of CapeTown.Politicalprisonersincarcerated Andthatpattern is not one of e a scattered, spontaneous series of Ichildren's rebellom bee of a The role of the. workers is crucial'- Tambo braidannfievblesneofa brave and inevitable sequence of uprisings against apartheid itlfr INc message beamed into South hails the great thekeday strike Power of labour is unchallenge i School boycott .were followed by D Africa new Rad'io Freedom, the by the militant black workers able, upiig inuiestesadtanc - uprisings in universitie and train. p African National Congress's radio resident in Soweto, It is a "The time to finally bury the I ing colleges, and within weeks by seryice, the ANC's Acting Presi- mighty blow against racism and a counter- revolutionary Bantustan three nassive stay-at-homes dent Oliver Tambo has said that demonstration of power." programme oftheapartheid involving inJuly60 per cnt of Heol inn on:V "We call onthe the Vorster regime cannot defeat Ii went on: "We call on the regime is now. The mnasses of the African workforce of Johannes. -k the united might of the workers, workers in the rest of the our people in the Bantustan burg, in August 80 per cent,.and in "i the youth and the rural masses, country to mobilise and use their reservations must join the - September an estimated 175,000 "The role of the workers in cirgan'sed strength in country- generalattacks., workersontheRand. w thestruggle is crucial," he said. wide stay-at-homes andother "Amandlvi Matla!Power Thestay-at- homes spread to at "The African National Congress industrial . The united othePeopl" industrialtactons.lTh-"unite Came Town. The number of tudents and, t back againsi schools burnt down is over a solidarity with thet hundred, but so is the total of Soweto, while in theV administrative buildings attacked, Coloured and Afrieo, buses and cars stoned. The un- stakingly separatedby rest started in Soweto outside and the mass recniist Johannesburg, but it spread along 15 Years, acted togmte the Rand to Randfontain and common enemy-the Krugersdorp and Beenni, then.to tion and the police, Pretoria and Evaton and into No one knows how Natal, through the Eastern Cape arrests have been made and the townships of New Brighton, until by September none of "I've just carried a I the four provinces of the Republic ma I from the post offi was at peace and in the legislative now ve got to go out capital, Cape Town, commercial my own cigarettes." and peblic life had come virtually White junior executive to a standstill as Coloured and African marched together on the three months sincetbe centreof the city, fires blazed in massacre aloneP From the townships, roadblocks sprang intcidents reported in th up and aryschool was 'officially African prea, it m be closed from Woodstock and that these runinto the and the Minister of Just himself confesed meaen detaining more thant801 various suspected 'in -ranging from political bi arson and looting-o al because the personsdSt "influence" the cumeet There are no reliabl flig on the number of persol though the total is wtin over 250.and may be a I 5 higher-most of the deal due to police action, Wl involves firing first and a questions afterwards, evi the "eivny" is a crowd children. And thisextnr simply another exameple istrct Si across the flats to Government's habitueal u arow and Stellenbosch. ness to provide any into The protests have not been con. all if it doesn't haveto; ne to "white" South Africa- symptom of its normaly oung people roseup in the Tram- attitude to black lives, w ei to demonstrate agaist not need to be accuratel, Independence", in Bdphuthats. accounted for. Ih is at I sea and Kwazulu to attack partly because it doesn't drninistrative buildings. The authorities, in sho Indian schoolchildren in being confronted with thi mna boycotted classes in sation that there is agrea they don't know and, for

AntI-ApwrtheddNethey Ostoboar196Paeo l At.ivi o oe rnl woman I son wee UI tivos son .III ...... lJ, ' syear is the beginning of twh end- of the system' THE leaflets whichwere dsti bu nSo weoa, leafletdi'stribued can be doneby you keepinga t ted in Cape Town callng the by students callng the August home without haing stopped. mass stay-at-home on September stay-a -home'stated: WeWanttoitoexam,hut 15-16stated. "ThepeopleofSouthAfrica wearenotsoselfishastowrite "-The racists do not spare their are going into the third phase of them even ijour brothers are bullets. Their guns try-to cut their struggle against the being killed at John Vorster wres U i edownourmarchfatfreedom. oppressors. namnely: Operation (Police Station). Parents, ou Butthemarchtofreedommust Azikhwelwea! shouldrejoiceforhavinggiven noei.Reject all concessions "The racist in our last hirth to this type of a child. A that the racists grant us. 'Con- demaonstration-called by the child who prefers to fight it out' cessions are crumbs. "i want cynics a riot-lost millions of with the oppressors rather than to . .freedomnotcrumbs. I ,andsasaresultofthepeoplenot besubmerged irdrunkenpIs the students of rigid system of social and political police protection; where trading~o " iDs, norgo to work or school going to work. Thus they frustration and thuggery in the Western Cape control they have consteucted the stock exchange aon toe Nohodymust be seen in the thought of immediatelybreaking "A child who prefers to die Africas so pain- over nearly thirty years, they can't virtual halt because there is no one streets, You will go to work at the student-worker alliance,. from a bullet rather than to ated by apartheid control, to mark up the pices; a your risk. If you strike you will Theyimmediatelyc aled on swallowa poisonous education e nsete of the past They have classified people by Prime Minister plans to meet the hit the system where it hurts. workers to tarry kpob-kerries which relegates him and his I together against a race, soned their living areas by grievances-of an infuriated popu- Freedom comes with sacrifice," .and swords to murder theirown parents to a position of perpetual y d-the dministra- race and colour and even by tribe, lace by making changes in his Another leaflet, headed "Let children-awho are protesting for a subordination. Aren't you proud slice, theyhave segregatedschoolsand policyonsegregatedsport! Us Defend Ourselves", said rightcause. ofthesoldiersofliberationyou ex how many universities and controlled move-, When people begin to see "Thetime has come now for the "Parent workers you should have given birth to? If you are en made over the ments and places of work bypar- through the madness-of govern- formation of small and indepen take note of the fact that, if you proud, support them! Do not go - mits and passes, and even offered ments, something is bound to dentgroups,three or four go to work, you will be inviting to work on Monday. tried ahuge bag of a bogus "independence" to the happen. All over the country members to a group, completely Vorster to slaughter us your "Do not shiverand think we post office, and Bantustans-and yet, in a few "sanity is exploding like a bellow trustworthy, ready for the children as he has done already.., have wasted a year. This year wilt go out and buy short months, all that effort at of laughter. In Port Elizabeth, sacrifices demanded by the Please do not allow Vorster to go down in history as the beginn. ttes-" separation,at dividingand ruling, forinstance,500-ye, SOO- struggle, bold and courageous instigate you to murder your own ing of the end of the oppressive (ecutie hasbeensetatnoughtbyaseries enoughtocarryoutthetasksof children-let him do his ditty and system, the beginning of the end -..- .-..... of uprisings that demonstrate a "The myth that the Coloured the day. Select your targets murderous job without making of the oppressive conditions of ,incdte Soweto -nI ove unityofpurpose,arejection of peoplewill stand th the white arefully, plan carsullytrike youascape-goat. Weviwaitto work in South Africa." over360 itmeans,thatis manageistteAfrihang boldl."- avoid further shooting- and this aparthe d and ;lprens DaaiC- d tedintheSouth anneedetedinSouth finsitybeendestroyed." t tess be calculated African history, thei Clutriedepaburatyader of into the thousands, No amount of exhortition by ... F orced labour Parte It ofti Justice abour f ti the leaders that Vorster imprisons Coloured children were arrested red recentlyto and ban could have effected so early in'eptemer end tahen ,than 800 forsp r s o f d ed ifoes"r thoroughlywhat his own policy from their schools to a police mn strat i ns has done: united Indian, Coloured station. And when their parents ONE of the factors behind the Coloured township of Athlone for pline was extremely strict. All ing fn timply and African as one movement of arrived'to paytheir fines, they current militancy of young not registering for service under our thinking wasdone for usand if rn- iply blacks, toldthemtogoaway,because Colouredpe6pleinCapeTownis the Act.' we did not toe the line, we were rcoetaunestm 1976 is the year of theup- theywere going to "fthe the operation ofthe little- publicised Once registered, the men can beaten with a stick. diab"bifgores even risings. It is cot the year of the - gaols"s pubficised Coloured Cadets Act of be sent to training camps which Something over one third of ofparsonskilled, revolution,Itittheyearinwhich Andaroundthesametime 1967, are runjike forced labour camps, those who register-between 2,000 a it estimated at the apparent consensus on Which five young people from Soweto By law, all men aged between with long hours of work and and 2,500-are called up for setsay bea gieat deal any societyultimately depends- arrived in Dar es Salaam. They 18 and 24, who are classified as frequeet punishments which vice each year lout of a total fthe ashgaing a consensus in the way one sees had escaped arrest after the June Coloured, must register for call-up include solitary confinement and number who should register of ction, wlich things,a consensus about where 16 shootings, and Elsie Abrahams, forcompulsorytrainingfor beatings. around15,000ayear). first and asking power lies and about what sort of age, 13, told the no doubt amazed employment. If they do not Ortheycan besent to work TheAct providesthat the wards, even when value one puts on oneself and members of the international register they are liable to a six- for a private employer-but they selection board may exempt fullwarod ofe school others;-broke down. Sua crav of school- os edown, press,"WesawthattheBoers. monthgaoltermandenforced cannot leave and are still subject time students and those who this extraordinary South Africa has been exposed, were afraid of us. Otherwise why registration, to all the provisions which the Act already have steady jobs. it figures is not not justto the onlooker abroed would theyshoot at us?" The The police can stop anyone lays down on working hours, pay But in practice people who are example of the but to itself, as the maed society: a students had burnt down govern- within the specified age bracket and discipline, employed have been sent to the habitnal unwilling- society where policemen quell ment buildings, she said, because and ask him to produce his regis- They are required to work up camps-and, viciously, employers any information at riots by inciting blacks to attack "we figured that ite 'tkiled us tration certificate-in practice to a 56-hour week, excluding have sacked youngworkvrs-and blacks, then reproach them for at least they would neve to spend they usually demand it on the mealtimes, and although the Act straight away reported them to hnorm y uncarin "damaging Bantu Administration more money to rebuild their , spot. provides that they should be paid the selection board for call-up. k lives, which do Board property"; where the buildings"; and they had burnt In fact, only around 40 per the wages "normally applicable" In practice the Act proeides for acoarately Ministerof Justice warns that the down beerhalls "so that black cen t of those required to register to the work they are doing, in a system.of forced labour and it is Ititda "thedayispastwhenpeoplecan peoplewillnotgetdrunkandwill doso-but there are indications practice they receive almost a permanent threat hanging over it doesn't know, sit at home thinking the police not fight each other" . that in June this year the police nothing. According to pne the head of every young Coloured lias, in short, are will protect their property. Michael Msimango, age 17, adspted a new get-tough policy, Cadet: "We were all paid R9 a man who incurs the displeasure of id with the reali- There are not enough police", said simply; 'We felt it was now In the second week of June it month,-no matter what we did." his employer or falls foul of the a is aigreat deal and five days laterurgesblacklegs ourtime." waS'reportedthatpolicehad ThesameCadet described the authorities. Nsand,forallte: tgWtoworkbypromisingthem RosAinslie arrested79youngpeoplein the , punishments at the camp: "Disci- __,______

'No recognition for Transkei' SMALL states have a certain rule.Theremust,therefore,have When Matanzima-or his South Irish press that after a weekend of degree of freedom of action been overwhelming reasons why THE nine countries of the African masters on his behalf-tried "reflection"by the EEC's Foreign that larger states-because of white South Africa's principal EEC decided against recogni- ealier this year to have talks with Ministers, the nine have decided the misguided notions of self- yartners were keeping their options tion of the Transkei- officials of the EEC on economic against recognition of the Transkei interest that determines their open'on the Bantustan issue by scheduled to become "inde- assstance, it was the Irish Depart- If all forms of collaboration direct foreign policies-do not allow abstaining onth resolution. pendent" on October 26-at ment of Foreign Affairs that took a and indirect-with the Transkei are themselves. AvoteinfavourofaGeneral ameetingoftheirForeign _trongpositionof opposition-in eschewed by the nine, then this is a The response of the International Assembly resolution, however weak Ministers in mid-September. spite of the fact that these Transkei victory for the Irish and Danish community to the balkanisation of the commitment, is still a statement KADER ASMAL, Vice reresentatives had already been positions. SouthAfricaproposedbythe ofpolicyandtheuS,UK,West Chairman ofthe IrishAnti fetedby Franceand Britain. Inthemeantime anti-apertheid Beitusfan policy illuminates many Germany,. Franee and Italy wented Apartheid Movement, Whereas the British, French ad movements in Western Europe must other facets of their relationship the Bantusters to remain as an describes the consistent West German Governments have in maintain vigilance to ensure that no with whiteSouthAfrica.,The option. Or,as it emergedlater, in stand whichthe Irish thepast made ambiguous stte- Transkei institutions or representaOU has made its position quite the case of the US, asa bargaining Gove'r nsenthastaken ments ontherecognitionofBantu- t, ives-economic, cultural or sportclear on Bantustans-there is to be counter ith the African states against recognition and stans, the Irish position has been in-e received in their countr.es. notruckwith thendirectlyo overthequestionof Angola's reviewsthebackground to veryclear. In aParli mentary Theymust also ensure that indirectly , *legitimateandrightfulplaceinthe the decision. question after the Soweto-nurders, neither personnel nor investments ButininternationallawthereareUN. theForeignMinister condemrled are transferred to the Transkei. legal consequences that follow from The Irish repreentaive at the among the nine has become a dead the massive violence of the white Legitimacy is tied up with recognirecognition of States, and it was Special Political Committeedebate letter but on other issues, smaller state and demanded the 'complete tion. This must be denied both to thereforimportant that ong was ite blunt about white South ates such as Denmark and Ireland dismantlement of the unjust and the vassal statelet and to its master, before1976,themonthinwhich Africa's bluff onBantustans:"ItIs huvt elsndrn dangerous system of aartheid". white South Africa. the Transkei is to become "independent", for pressures against recognition to be generated. The initiative of the African states in presenting the issue of the Bantustans at the last session of the UN General Assembly, without any ambiguity, was therefore very important. For a number of years the General Assembly and the Special Political Committee have discussed the Bantustan issue. But for the first time the General Assembly was confroited by a clearcut demand: no recognition of Bantustans by member states of the UN. -Resolution 3411 D condemns the establishment of Bantustans as a means of perpetuating white domination and of dispossessing the African people of South Africa of their inalienable rights in their country. The resolution condemns the South African regime's manoeu,eas attempts to destroy the territorial integrity of South Africa. Apart from these laudable political points, the resolution called upon governments and organisation "not to deal with any instittionstor authorities of the Bantustans or to accord any form of recognition to them. This important resolution was passed by, 104 votes in favour with none against but, surprisingly, with 8 abstentions. Besides the US, the abstaining countries were seven of the nine members of the EEC. The only EEC countries to vote in favour of the resolution were Ireland and Denmark; Although such resolutions of the UN General Assembly carry great political weight, they are riot binding on membeE states as a general the discrimination which the South African Government regards as necessary that is thafoundation of the basic inequalities and injustices of the system. The fundamental injustice of the system of 'separate development' under which more than four fifths of the land area is assigned to a minority of one fifth of the population results directly in other injustices: the denial to black Africans of rights in thei own country, in which in future they are to be regarded as aliens." Asa member of the EEC, Ireland has attempted to push the other powerful partners towards a more principled position on Southern Africa. On such matters as the arms embargo, political cooperation olayrns a useful role. The Irish attitude to the Bantustan policy is determined by a combination of factors. There is a traditional distaste for partition asa political weapon, arising from Irish experiences and hostility towards bogus federations which imply a partition solution. There is also the recent contribution of an irrepressible and compassionate Foreign Minister, Garrett Fitzgerald, who sees apartheid as a threat to man's common humanity and also as a threat to the world. The Irish Foreign Minister has refused to deal with any Bantustan institutions or authorities or to accord them any form of recognition. South Africa's barren Bantustans: a cow grubs forl It has just been reported in the AAM meeting on Transkei THE~ Anti-Apartheid Miovement has forum by Alesxander Kirbfy, authoar called a briefing aueetingeon the of thne WCC pamphllet South Africa's signifiance of the granst of so-called Dararusyans: WhPat Independensce for "independence" tothe Transkei, oa t he-Trankei, aad Abdul Minty, Hon Wednesday October 13 at7.30 pm Secretaryof the AAM. The meetinCommittee Room 10 of the ing will be chairedby Bob Hughes HouseofCommons. M. The rweeting wei relate the Invtaion ebenent to question of Transkeiindepeadence" MPs, members of the diplomatieto the development of the South corps, represetatives of the African GoVernment's Bantustan developmental agences and otherpolicy. interested organfietions and the Thespeakerswillbethe press. Botswana High Commissioner, HE The meeting is open to all B M Setshaio, and Alan Brooks, supporters of the Anti-Apartheid who will ba joined lava isunfpo Movement. Matanzima gaols DP TRANSKEI "Chief Minister" Kaiser Matanzima has now detained almost every member of the opposi, tion Democratic Party's executive committee. At the beginning of August he detained its leader, Hector Ncokazi, and five other members. Two weeks later its Deputy Leader 0 Mpondo and General Secretary W D Pupuaa.were also gaoled. The men have been detained under the notorious Proclamation R400 which enables Matanzima to hold anyone indefinitely in 4 solitary confinement without trial, All except one of the Democratic Party members were detained before they had been nominated as candidates in t;he Transkei's "General Election" on September 29. * ETTERS Trade union rights ,,and apartheid 'YOUR article on, UK investment in South Africa (SeptemberAA News) describes how few British firms have recognised African trade union unions. Butit did not point out the problems of emphassing demands for the grantipg of trade union rights in the South African situation. It rightly rejected any emphasis on the Poverty Datum Line asa criterion for acceptable wage levels and pointed out how this could do more harm than good. But when it cames to toe question of the recognition of African trade unions, it did not recognise that related difficulties were attached to it. Of course, the development of ,,African trade unionism is important, just as the payment of better wages is important. But starvation wages and deprivation of basic trade union r'ights are not mereaccidents -they are inseparable from the system of apartheid. Foreign capital, and U K capital in particular, are important tothe maintenance of the apartheid system, both in providing finance, for investment anitechnical knowledge. The presence of British firms oppresses not only their direct employees but, byrmaintainIng the power of a racist government, all victims of apartheid. Intermediate demands, like the recognition of African trade unions, can have great value both in terms of temporary political advance, and by widening awareness of South African oppression in thiS country. Some of them will be resisted as "impracticable" in the South -African context: others-will be accommodated. But until British companies are forced to withdrew from South Africa, the demand wit have failed to have any lasting effect. Emmett Grogan U

Anti-Apatheid News October 1976 Page 9 No sel -out on Namibia IN August the South African Government announced plans for a new "constitution" for Namibia to be workedo by theTumh tribaltabs.y SWAPO's Western European representative PETER KATJAVIVI explains why SWAPO rejects the new plan and sets out SWAPO's demands. What is SWAPO fighting for and What are its demands in the present situation? OUR main demand is the achievement of freedom and independenf5 acceptable to the Namibian people. As far as we are concerned this could be won through a negotiated settlement if the South African regime was wilting to enter into meaningful talks. But we insist on directtalks between the occupying power and SWAPO because SWAPO is the main instrument for change. We also insist on certain preconditions. Among them are 0 the withdrawal of the South African police and army. i the release of political prisoners. 0 the creation of conditions in which free elections could be held under UN supervision. If the regime is not prepared to meet our demands we shall have to intensify the liberation struggle as the only alternative to negotiations. "at isSWAPOs attitude to the Turnhalle alksand to-the Vorsiter Government's anouncenment of the draswig up of a new constitution and an "independence "date for Namibia? Through the Turohalle tribal talks South Africa is trying hard to create alternatives to SWAPO and deflect international attention by coming out with phony ideas about a Provisional government supposed tobe formed out of the Tasrohalle exercise. The people involved in Turnhalle are working within a South Africanset pattern; they have not spoken out against South Africa's increasing military presence; they have gone along with the idea that Walvis Bey is part of South Africa; they have made no demafd for the release of political prisoners; and they seem happy to see the South African police-and army remain in Namibia. They are even-being paid for by the South African Government. A member of the American law firm run by Mr Schwarz, legal adviser to Chief Clemens Kapuuo, has said in evidence to a US Senatesubcommittee that the legal advisers at Turnhalle are being paid by South Africa's Bantu Administration Department. SWAPO subscribes toPan-African principles-we believe that our fight is linked with that of the people of Zimbabwe and that it is part of the stru.gle of the people of South Africa." We believe that the sacfires made by the peoples of Angola and of Zambia will be meaningless if Namibia continues to be subjected to military rule by South Africa. This is what SWAPO stands for in contrast to Turnhalle. What is SWAPO asking the international community to do now that the August 31 deadline set by the UN for the holding of free ejections in Namibia has expired? Later this month SWAPO will address the UN Security Council on .Save SWAPO leaders THE wife of Aaron Mushimba, one of the two SWAPO leaders sentencad to hang, has expressed her thanks to everyone who has worked for their reprieve, In a message she says: "We have been warmed by the support from governments, international bodies and people all over the world for the two men and for the freedom of our people. It isa great encourage. ment to us." Aaron Mushim[sa and Hendrik Shikongo ate being held in death cells in prison in Pretoria to aeit the outcome of their appeal. AA New readers are urged to ,send postcards to the British Government calling on it to demand clemency for Aaron Mushimba and Hendrik Shikongo. Postcards are available from SATIS, c/o AAM, 89 Charlotte St, London WI. specific measures which wee feel that the UN should take. Wewillargue that the time has come for the world body to take drastic measures under Chapter VII of its Charter against the South African regime. These will include a mandatory arms embargo and other economic measures. We will take into account the Colombo Declaration made by the conference of non-aligoed nations in August informulating these measures: the Declaration called for a coordinated scheme for oil producers to boycott South Africa and countrie which support it with arms and war materials. What is SWAPO's attitude to US Secretary of State Ki sisger's Southern Africa "initiative-? There is no doubt that one of the reasons for Kissinger's involvement is that it is election year in the US and that he is attempting to boost the standing of the Ford adminitra. tion. The South African Government has a vested interest in exploiting the US initiative now that it is faced with increasing domestic crisis and-with the People of South Africa demanding their rights and freedom. The agreement reached between Vorster and Kissihger in Zurich did not meet our requirements. Kissinger suggested a meeting between SWAPO and the South African Government without the setting out of any preconditions. We are insisting on direct talks op the transfer of power, and thee only after our preconditions have been met. HoW many Namibian people are now detained and imprisoned and what can anti-apartheid supporters do to work for their release? Several hundred Namibians are being held in South Africa and Namiibia either as convicted political prisoners or as detainees, and others are subject to various forms of-restriction. They include Aaron Mushimba and Hendrik Shikongo who were sentenced to hang egrlier this year. There are also between 35 and 50 Namibian prisoners on Robben Island. It is vital that we keep the campaign going for a reprieve of the two men sentenced to death and for all-those who are detained and whose Whereabouts are not known. It is also encouraging for the people who know that they are likely to be detained to see that they will not be forgotten. What e nle-iBritain Playing in the current international manoeuvring on Namibia? The British Government issupporting the US "initiativa'"-but we want to remind it that any initiative that -does not have the support of the people cannot succeed. This is Wy the British Government must enter into proper .consultations with SWAPO. The Government's attitude towards the Turnhalle talks has been ambiguous: earlier this-year David Ennals, then Minister of State at the Foreign Office, held a meeting with delegates to Tilrnhalle who were being directly financed by the illegal regime. It is out to please everyone and to keep all options open-but SWAPO wilt never consider that this isgood enough. At the same tinme the British Government is encouraging economic links between Britain and the illegal administration in Namibia -in particular-by refusing to cancel its contract with Rio Tinto Zinc for the purchase of Namibianouranium. Robben Island captives stand firm NAMIBIAN poltical prisoners on Robben iland are opposed to any suggestion by the South African authorities that some of :hem might be released on standitio4 that they take part in the Turhaml "constitutional talks". A letter from a Namibian -prisoner smuggled out of the prison says: "The Namibians on Robben Island have discussed this issue several times. One of our main decisons was that wewill never talk to the South African regime because we are in prison , "if the SoutKAfricoan egime wants totalk to SWARD it-should go to thefunctioning or active membersofSWAPOwhoarenotin Francisco,toJapanthroughYokoprison." hama,and to France through The letter also reveals that four Marseilles. Namibians have died on Robben JIsland because they weretortured Namibia Day or,becausetheyweregiven no " Opropermneical attention. 10 years ostru.ggle Another prisoner, Joth Shipo' SWAPO representative Peter ,weni, has had his leg amputated Katiavivi reaffirmed SWA PO's withouthis consent or prior know- rejection of the Turnhalle tribal ledge. Two other Namibian talks,at a reception in London held Prisoners haveigh lood pressure, to mark Namibia Day, August 26, one has TB and one has kidney The High Coniszoner for trouble. Mauritius,SirLeckrazTeelock, The fetter says that some and Randolph Vigne aflsospoke prisoneareforced to collect at thietseeting,,mdtihere wasa "Bambaos-a kind of seaeed- hO si 9 tofhe new film about the from othe sea, and tSatt .is is Naui stggle fTheyCtch etcpofted to-the UjS threigh- a ' Me Wofn'tCry". SA* ex- serviceman exposes brutal torture Former South African soldier Bill Anderson and SWAPO representative PeterKatjavivi d THE systematic torture by South - sandbags with their hare hands and African troops of the whole male adult how these were then emptied out in population-and ofsome women- front of them for them to do it in areas of northern Namibia has- again. been described by a former South Bill Anderson also testified to African soldier who was a witness the high level of activity by SWAPO of some of the brutalities, guerrillas and to the South African gill Anderson, a 21-year old army's failure to stop it. national serviceman, has told how "There was at least more than the hattalion to which he eas one attack on patrols sent out by attached took part inan operation the battalion every two days,"he code-named Cobra-in May and June said.thisyear. "The wereicidentswhen In the first phase his battalion- shots were fired and there were a one of fire which took part in the couple of ambushes. A together I Operation sret out foot patrols, got.the impression that SWAPO was apparently waiting for contact with very active in the area. " SWAPO guerrillas, searched kraals His battalion killed only three and brought back anyone suspected or fourguerrillas during the whole of contact with the guerrills. two- month Operation. The bodies Early in June the five batta'lios -of two of them were put on display mounteda joint operation in which for two days to be abused by the they rounded up every male adult soldiers in the camp. and many womer . Afterthey Duringanotherpart ofhisservice arrived in the camp they vere all period, Slit Anderson's company beaten and many were given electric was sent to guard earth-moving shock torture. equipment in the one-kiiometre "I saw people beaten, burntmwith strip which iS being cleared siong cigarettes and having sand piled into the Namibia-Angola border, I their mouths. This was done by think that the free-fire zone was troops in front ofseniorofficers," not veryeffective then and it was said Bill Anderson. taking up a lot of troops,"he "Twomenweregiewater commented. torture-their heads ware held under He also confirmed Angoran water in a bucket until they weie reports ofactsofaggressioncarriedalmostdead." outbySouthAfricansoldiers He also told how he heard across the Angolan borderWhile screams at night cning from the on dutyin the fre'ire zone he tent where local people were given ov- heerdaSergeant-Major telling electric shock torture, an officer of his battalion that for He said that 10 members of the his own entertainment he planted South African police force were Claymore mines and explosive on attached to the battalion and ware the other side of the border. meant to be i charge of the During the South African "lnterrogation"-hut 90 per cent of invasion of Angola Bill Anderson the battalion watched the beatings spent three months guardingthe up and manyjoined in. Caluequehydro-lectric installations All 200 people who phad ben on the Angolan side of the bolder. rounded up by Bill Anderson's During this period he witreedo battalion were sent on to the South three incidents inwich Angolans African army base at Ondongwa, suspected f being cattle thieves He heard from another soldier how were tortured and knew of one some of those held at Ondongwa instasnce when a ocef man was -were made to sit blindfolded flling csually shet dead. Seven Namibians on trial: SWAPO accused of murder THE trial of Filemon Nangolo on charges. charges of being involved in the Nangolo was one of 10 people killing-of four white people"der charged last Maywith omsplicity the T rtoisnrActopenedin in the killings, andeharges against Windhoek on August30. 'Likethe three-of them haveseen withdrawn. trial of Aaron. Muhinba and Six peoplearestill beigiheld in HendiktShikoo the trial seems wastody and it is not cleartWhat, if dehighe toa ithcate SdAPOas any, chargesareto be broughtan organ'oatjon in the murder against them,

Zimbabwe urban struggle grows Bishop 9Guerrillas to be hanged of sd! NINE nembers of the Muzorewa wing of the African National Council have been ete ced to death under the Law and Order (Maintenance) Act in a trial which has forced the Rhodesian security polie to reveal the details of arban giaerIlla activity in the Greater Salisbury aree for the first timeThe 9 men, all aged between 18 and 30 and from the Glen Noyah and Highfield black townshipsof Salisbury, were charged with cofmittig a series of "at of terrorism and sabotage" over a 6 week period They were arrested by CID and Speci a Branch officers following grenade attacks on the Pink Panther restaurant and La Boheme nightlub in the centre of Salisbu' on July 20, in which a young white mar Those under sentence of death are Elias Madovi (30 ; George Nyagu (22), Hozeah Gandiwa 29). Norman Mutovoni (20), Moses Tsano (211, Crispen Mushipe (20), Frederick Mudzikenyedze (20), Philip Nyagu (21 ), and Stone Chakabvpasi (described as 18 years old at the opening of the trial, but subs quenty as 19 'juveniles under the age of 18 are excluded from the death sentence), Philip Nyagu was sertenced on Septm ber 6, the remaining eight on Auh1ist 30 at the close of a 3-week long hearing. Accordin to a "state ment of agreed facts" presented to the Special Court in Salsbury the accusd as group had decide to carry out acts of urban sabotage "to frighten the European pop.laton to such an extent that it would then force the Government to hand over to African rule". The statement went on to describe how the men had obtained supplies of gehignite, fuses and detonators from a quarry near Mtoko an d two Chinese stick grenades from a group of guerrillas in the same area of north-eastern Rhodisia. A catalogue of events placed before the court listed seven attacks on the targets in the Greater Salisbury area: June 12-explosion on the Salisbury to Bulawayo railway June 12-eplosion on the Salisbury-Bulawayo line near Mufakose township. June 12-a clarge was placed on the Salsbury.Sinol line June 1 2-explosion in the toilets of Katang beerhall, Highfield. July 13-further Explosion in Katanga beerhall. July 20- stick grenade explosons in the Pink Panther restaurant and La Boheme nightclub, Under regialedions governing the regime's new "Special Courts" (set up in May this year to deal with .guerrilla offences in a fashion which drastically restricts the normal rights of the accused), the 9 men were refused a defence counsel of their own choice. Allegations of assault and intimidation by the police following their arrest mare also overruled. In a three-month period, a total of 27 Zimbabweans are known to have been illegally sentenced to death by Special Courts in a massive wave of so-called "trials",. Many people are known to have appeared without proper icg; oefeece, and because the "Special Courts" can, be convened at short notice and in remote areas at the whir of the regime, only a handful of tials are likely to have been reported in the press. Infact, the tvuncting numbers of Ziumrhbwe'ans sentenced to death or to lengthy~ terms of seprimeet are one of the most telli g pointers to the strength of grassots r esitance to ratist minority rule and of solidaritywith the national ii movement. In a singl trial at the end of July, for examhple, a total of 88 black fagnmorkers were each senutenced tot 10 years' insprison moaneet for concealing the presence of guefrrillas oneremployers' - tperap People of sial Iges, onaidinhog ane well Into their 70s, and fros al parts of the country, have been consiged te gaol for assisting guerrillas withs food and shelter, werming them of tel approac~h of security force units or aidinmg and abetting" them in thie struggle. According to press reports alone, ani average of betmeen 10 and 12 people every week are being sentenced to anything up to life imprisonment for offencesconnected with the armed struggle. WE ARE AT WAR AND YOU HAD BETTER BELIEVE IT AND WHAT'S MORE WE WILL WIN THINK POSITIVE URVEYS OFHA S OKNW Wa Yse uraalnan wneOwD THIS CAMPAIGN NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT THINK IPOIT'E Ainr/te'Rhodesia Herald As if its already fearsome armourp of repressive legislaqlion masnot enough, thle r:egime hes now announted esen tou~gher measures to crush " support for the armed struggie. The Law and Order (Maintenance) Amendment Bill, which received its firt reading in the House of ' Assembly on September 8, makes the death penalty mandatory for' persons convicted of recrui[ting for guerrilla training, possessing arms of war, committing acts of "terrorism" assisting guerrillas, failing to retiort guerrillas when the accused in a chief, head'man or other persedn "of authority", or giving false information abut guerrillas. In the pent all these offences with the eacption of th~e first, carried an optionfur thle tourts of death or life imprisonment. RF" members who have been cailing for the blood of Africans charged under the Law and Order (Maintenance) Act will be:diappointed, however, in that final enactment of the new Bill has been shelved until parliameeit toaesaugam in Fthr'uary snt year.," The fact that the mess of Zimbobmeans is prepared no defy the brutality of Smith's troops aed police, and the prospect of years incarcerated in gaol, is pro if any more were needed of the demise of the Smith regime. which allows British personnel to take in Rhodesia for humanitarian purposes, The clause covers missionarie, teachers and health workers. The Times Higher Eetcation Suppiemenlt recently published advertisements for lecturing jobs in Rhodesia in thermodynamics, eei. tronics and civil engineering, UN condemns Smith raid on refugee camp THE Smith regime's massacre of Moaambique, Huge Idoyaga, said he around 700 Zimbabweans eta wa satisfied that the attack was refugee tamp iside Mozambique carried out by a Rhods.an riding has been condemned as a "shock ing party disguised as Mozambican andabominable atrocity" by the soldiers. UN High Commisioner for lefugees, They had fired indiscriminately Prince Sadruddin Age Khan. at the refugees, killing at least 675 He said that he UN had made and woundin many more. immediate arrangements for rushing The UN representative said that relief supplies to the survivors, who he found a "desolating" scene of included hundreds of wounded men, death and destruction at the camp women andchildren .' andht more deaths ere epected "The UNHCR will continue and among the wounded. further strengthen its humanitarian He reported seing ten mass assistancetorefugeesfromZimab. gravesandburneddownbhutswhchme." includeda hospital, dorfmitories and In a special report theUN afoodwarehouse. s:ommissioner's representative in Zimbabweans sentence 6tFo death in 1976 SFeb KumbukayiPatrick Appealdismissedin KennethNyakudya August. Good Kayackode 18 June Darlington Kenyasa SalisburyHighCourt. Special Court,Salsbury, An appeal by Kenneth 23 June Bleeving Chiedza Nyakudya was dismissed Special Court, Umsali in May 25FebBenGibson 21JulyBasopaMunyanva Salisbury High Court. Rodei/k Ti kbva Appeal dismissed in June Special Court, Untan, Christopher Phifi eld July Luke Buminra Appealdismissedin SpecialCourt,Inyanga. March. enJulyNisat u~sp t i 18 Mar Plan Gmede Peterson Guva .SatsburyNighCourt, SpecialC~ourt,Umteb 26 Mar Luckc-onTirboi endJulyRome,Muk,e - SalisburyHigh Court Special Court,Inyarnga. 3 May PoniesShave 4Aug GodsonChitye,iz I SalisburyHighCourt. SalisburyHighCourt, 26 May Mashama Sibilisios (ANC 26 Aug Nlyamwati Jani BranchChairmap) .. SpecialCourt,Chipinga. Special Court, Urntali Cuthbert Mavung Appealdismissedin Appealdismissedend August. August. 28MayStevenChapunu 30AugEliasMadovi SpecialCourt,jmtal. Georgeflyagu Appeal dismissed in July. Hozeah Gandwa 28May6unnavnedfreedom NormanMumon -fighter" MosesTsani SpecialCourt,lnyani, . rer /' enyedze 11 June Lazeras Gahadzikwa SoeiM...ke ,V'pas Special Court, Salisbury. - Stoea Chait Spltb AppealdismissedinJuly. pca orSlsuy 16Juneisawk,Galt 6Sep PhlipeNyi/sNag SalisburyHigh Court. SpecialCou"rt, Salisbury AAM protests on recruitment of academics for Rhodesia The Anti-Apa ed Movementhal TheMoiement saysthat ai asked supporterS- to protest against recruitment of white personnel for the recruitment of Rhodesia "helps maintain the British academics In teach at minority regime. White migration University College Rhodesia. isa very importnt facet of their The Government has been, attempts to maintain their allowing UCR to advertise for economy." teaching staff in Britain, undera hodesia com n y clauseinthesanctionsleoilaton R. . .pany prospectforScottish copper A Rhodesian conspanyhas been nnporiant ofwhich In MTD given planning permission to explore guia) Ltd, one of the biggest for copper in the She'land islands. mining companies Jn Rhodesia. The application was made in the It appears that Messina has been name of a South African- able to get its licence by simple incorporated firm, Messina (Trans decision of Sheiand's iocalauthofveal) Deveiopment Co But in fact ty- neither the Department of Trade Messina is a holding company for nor the Scottish Office has any half a dozen major siesidiaries, the responsibility. guerillas THE Roman Catholic Bishop of Umtali, the Rt Revd Donal Lamont, was due to appea r before a Regional Magistrate's Court on September 14 on charges which could carry the death penalty. Bishop Lamont has been charged under Rhodesia's Law and Order (Maintenancel Act on two counts of failing to report the presence of guerrillas to the authorities and two further counts of inciting others to commit the same offence. According to the regime's Attorney General, who issued the charges, the Bishop has been the subject of Rhodesian police and Special Branch investigations for some time. Commenting on the accusations against him, Bishop Lamont said that they came as no surprise: "Any Christian leader must always be aware of the danger of being summoned before the civilan authorties if he is genuinely con carried about being an active agent of change in an select society." The extension of the "hanging IN an open letter Bishop Lamont has clled on the Smith regime to change "its present wourse of tragic action". He says: "Conscience compe's me to sate that your administration is largely responsible for the injustices which have provoked the present disorder. "The dangers which threaten Rhodesia have their roots in the repressive legidation which you have enacted in an effort to main. cain the power and privilege of the white minority, reckless of the rights of the rest of the popilation. "Africeans feel themselves compelled in conscience to fight for the elimination of all discrimination which has degraded their people and made them secondclass citizens in the land of their birth." clauses" of the Law and Order (Maintenance) Act to whites for the first time is just one pointer among many to the Smith regime's increasingly desperate efforts to stay on top of the liberation struggie. Only a few days beforeeits swoop on Bishop Lamont, an Italian missiounary doctor, Signorina Louisa Guidotti, was arrested, detained in Chikurubi Prison, and charged with assisting a guerilla or failing to report him to the authorites. She had treated an Africanwho had beeh seriously wounde inn an engagement with Rhodesian security forces, at the All Souls Mission Hospital near Mtoko in northeastern Rhodesia. The charges were subsequently withdrawn. allowed to""

Why] EQUITY, the actors' union, is jo hold a referendum on the resolution passed at its AGM calling for a ban on work-in South Arica and Rhodesia. An AA News SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT puts the case for an actors' boycott of apartheid and racism. THE decision of the elected Council of British Actors Equity to put to a referendum of its membership a resolution for a total ban on all recorded and live performances in South Africa and Rhodesia, passed by an overwhelming majority of its members, represents a failure by the Council to give a lead against apartheid and racism. Not all policy decisions taken at annual general meetings are put to a referendum-so why one about racial discrimination and apartheid? Equity Council state that the decision on a total ban is one too important to be taken at a poorly attended meeting. .. Hence the Equity referendum. Show business people have always proclaimed that they are appalled by racial discrimination and apartheid and have indeed in the past taken positive action and protests againstapartheid. It is therefore surprising that after the resolution for a complete ban was passed overwhelmingly there is still hesitation about its implementation by the present Council. The referendum is being undertaken against a background of intensified violence and repression whichtopponentsof the extended ban on TV sales and live performances to South Africa and Rhodesia refuse to acknowledge. The opponents state that actors should be free to work where they like and that denying Equity members a living was inconsistent with the Union's policy. Would those opponents have tolerated members working for Hitler's Germany? Vorster was an ardent supporter of should boycott SA Hitler. Are those opponents only concerned with the work opportunities for white Equity members? Since without a complete ban on TV sales and live performances, the employment of black Equity members will suffer since no production destined for' South Africa can present blacks asd whites on an equal, non- discriminatory basis, Bridge-buiding is another password of the opponents of the ban. They should observe the following points: What material of a liberalising nature, critical of apartheid, has been allowed into South Africa? Stringent censorship laws ensure that none js allowed. Only non-' controversial productions have been lent there. What has maintaining links over the last ten years done to bring relaxation of apartheid? To invoke individual conscience against an extended ban, when set against the present situation in South Africa and Rhodesia, regimes with an openly declared racist policy, is to invoke individual irresponsibility and indifference as a morally valid standpoint, and to reject the principles of trade unionism. TFhe only way to help black per. formers here, in South Africa and Rhodesia, and the black populations as a whole, is through the policy they themselves want. That is, a complete boycott on TV sales and live performances, which will directly aid them and their white supporters, the actual victims of apartheid. Only this offers active disapproval of apartheid, by severing economic and cultural links with it. A group of white and black actors within the Union have openly declared their abhorrence of aparthgid and racism, and have v REVIEWS Film "South Africa: There is No Crisis", shown by Thamges Television, September 2 1976. A picture is better than a thousand' words, says the painter. The two opening camera shots of the This Week special on South Africa. juxtaposed as they were, told all. First, Johannesburg at night. Shining, neon-bright buildings stretching, shimmering, skywards, and below, bustling, fur-bedecked shoulders, stepping from jaguars in an all-white city. They, Soweto, where all the blacks have gone. A dark-grey mist seems to shroud the low, crowded sameness. The picture is stark, bleak and dismal. No neon lights here. Not en street lights, The programme was filmed secretly and consisted nainly of interviews with student and parent leaders who had been in Soweto on June 16 and during that week of historic uprisings by school children and students. Tsietsi Mashinini, 19-year old leader of the Soweto Student Representative Council, was near the front of that first demonstration protesting against the enforced use of Afrikaans as the teaching language in Sowetoschools. As they were peacefully walking along they encountered police with sten guns. Suddenly a police officer jumped out and threw teargas at them. "It was the first time we saw a teargas can ... so when we saw it making smoke, we dispersed." They reassembled and this time the police opened fire. Mashinini continued: "I was with Hector Pearson when he was shot. He was the first student I saw going down. I saw him being shot in the head and I could not believe it, I saw a boy of 11 going down under police fire." Pearson was-the first of hundreds of school children to die from police bullets. Tsietsi also told how he saw an eight-year old girl run past an armoured troop-carrier. She raised her fist ih the power to the people saluteand shouted "Amandla Ngawethu". The huge car stopped and opened fire on the little girl. When Tsietsi went to the mortuary three days later he said "she was riddled with bullets beyond recognition. I can only assume it was the girl I saw shot." The government have put a £300 price on Mashinini, but he has no doubt that they would shout him on sight. At the end of the programme it was announced that this most Women are as subject to torture in their bands as anyone else. And now the children have to face the prospect of electric terminals at the back of their throats-. Ms Matshoba sid that a friend of hers had been made to stand in a tub of dry ice until she lost consciousness. Ms Matshoba also pointed out that in their anger and frustration Wiwerto muasm .eoprease;uve enousse 1-ne sunsa, Imunnnh had got way safely into exile, reason, attack the institutions and Equally inspiring and with symbols of their oppression: the immense, quiet courage, Mrs (Chadi white-rundministrationrbuildings, Phakathi of the Black Parents the libraries with hooks chosen by Association told us that the rebellion some official somewhere else, and would have to go on to the end, most of all the schools, the symbol "We have to carry on. We cannot of their servitude. (Deborah stop now what our young people Matshoba was arrested two days after have started or they will all have the This Weak team interviewedher.) died for nothing, If you drop it The young Africans' attitude to now, you will never pick it up." school and the effects of the Bantu The night after the interview 11 Education Act were discussed by Dr sacurity police came to pick up Mrs Mana Buthelezi, chairman of the Phakathi and she is still in prison. Black Parents Association. When it Deborah Matshoba was cool was passed, this item of legislation and undramatic as she related the came to be known as education for despicable role of the/'special slavery, as it states that the "Bantu branch", the security police. She must be educated for a place in their expected to be arrested and knew own community". Dr Buthelezi that the worst could be in store; , felt that one of the reasons there might seem'to be a generation gap was that he and his peers had been educated before this Act was law, before "Bantu education" bad becone institutionalised. His education, no matter how inadequate, did not preclude the study of the world's philosophers. But, as Mahinini had said earlier in the programme, when he was accused by.the government of being a communist it could not possibly be true that he was a communist since "separate development" ensured that black students couldn't have any access to books that would explain what communism was, s4 th6y couldn't be something of which they had so little, knowledge. Nevertheless, said Mashinini. "in South Afrca if you're not doing what the government expects you to do then you're a communist". All those interviewed recognised the importance of the victories of the black liberation movements in Mozambique and particularly Angola where the South African army had been routed. White South Africa is after all not invincible. The r aport was stark and straight, unembellished by balancing tricks in which "the other side" is represented. It seemed too short, but that is a comment which comes from gratitude, and it leaves one hoping that the British public will be able to see other programmes of this calibre to convince them that investing in apartheid really does mean that they are accomplices in the murder of black school children in South Africa. Sadie Forman "South Africa: There is No Crisis" now available for showing as a film from the Anti-Apartheid Movement. Pamphlet South Africa's Bantustans: What Independence fr the Transkei, by Alexander Kirby. Published by the World Council of Churches. Available from AAM, price 6Op. NOT the least important aspect of this excellent short booklet is that it has been published by the World Council of Churches as part of its campaign to alert international opinion to the fraud of South Africa's grant of "independence" to the Transkei and of the whole Bantustan policy. At its Central Committee meeting in Geneva in August, the WCC passed a resolution condemning Transkei "independence" as a "deceptive manoeuvre of the South African Government" and calling on member churches to expose the evil of the Bantustan policy. It asked its memberchurches to urge their Governments to withhold recognition of the Transkei and to have no diplomatic, corenercial or other relations with it which might imply recognition. It recommended the booklet for study and as a basis for the further dissemination of information about the real significance of the Bantustan policy. The booklet sums up the twin axes of the Bantustan policy: "Economic survival demands the presence presence in South Africa of blacks in large numbers, while racial ideology demands their exclusion." The Bantustans are the South African Government's solution. It points out that it is vital to see the "independence" of the Transkei not as a self-contained issue but as a part of the wider Bantustan policy. It goes on to took at "he controllers, the controlled and the way that control is maintained". In particular it exposes the -phoney nature of the argument between the Vorster Government and PChief Minister" Matanzima over the citizenship issue-the question of whether "Xhosas" living outside the Transkei will be forced to become Transkei "citizens". Most tellingly it quotes "Frank Talk" in a SASO Newsletter: "Matanzima and Buthelezi can shout their lungs out trying to speak to Pretoria through the phoney telephone, no one is listening in Pretoria because the telephone is a toy." Christabel Gurney formed Performers Against Racism to actively campaign, in this instance, for a complete ban on all TV sales and live performances in South Africa and Rhodesia. They are shocked at the mass slaughter of schoolchildren, mothers and babies in the recent demonstrations in Someto, other townships and in the major cities in South Africa. They have gained strong support in the last month. Among the more welknown actors and actresses who have declared themselves in favour of a boycott are John Hurt, Glenda Jackson, Kenneth Haigh, Miriam Karlin, Miriam Margolyes, Michael Bryant and Patrick Magee. They hope that by the endof October, when the referendum results me announced, Equity members will make their abhorrence of apartheid and racial discrimination very clear by an overwhelming majority voting for a complete hen, as they did at their Annual General Meeting in April.

Kissinger FACED with the growing momentum of the liberation struggle in Southern Africa, the US is intervening more directly to protect its interests in the area. ABDUL S MINTY looks at the background to US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's "shuttle diplomacy". THE initiative in Southern Africa has clearly passed to the African people: the white power system has never before faced such a serious threat to its future survival. The Pretoria regime, being the major power responsible for racial domination in Namibia aiid Rhodesia has seriously to reconsider its future relatons with those territories lest developments there help to bring down the apartheid state itself. It isquite ciea that if the present momentum antI success of the Zimbabweliberation'struggle continues, the Smith regime will find it extremely difficult to survive for more than a year unless it receives increased external asuistwncesand the war is widened. Without South Africa's economic, political and military assistance, the illegal regime in Salisbury would not have survived for so long. In Namibia, the growing success of thaliberation struggle conducted by SWAPO has resulted in the Pretoria regime establishing and expanding major military bases in the territory with over 50,00 troops committed to its defence. The rapid militarisetion of the territory and the creation of a long "free fire zone" along the total length o its northern-sorder reflects the new panic and4gwing insecurity of the occupying regime. The growing end co tly military commitment of the Pretoria regime to maintain its rule in Namibia reflects its determination to remain in tle territory and certainly gives no hope of its impending withdrawal. W military commitment of the Vorster regime, it cannot retard the liberation struggle of the Namibian peopre. The Pretoria rulersare fully aware that they are fighting a losing war against SWAPO end in the meanwhile have to expend valuable resource, to maintain their occupation of the territory. The severe crisis in Rhodesia and Namibia is matched by the new internal challenge posed to the apartheid regime following the Soweto slaughter of June 16. Nationwide resistance, with the initiatives taken by the black youth and students, has produced a united defiance of the oppressed People against the apartheid state. All police tactics of crowd control; including the indiscriminate shooting of unarmed peopleand hundreds of arrests, have failed to suppress the resistance movement. SOUTH AFRICA: THERE IS NO CRISIS Thames TV's This Week special on South Africa (shown on September 2) now available for hire from the Anti-Apartheid Movement 29mins Hirecharge:£2.00pluspostage Book early from AAM, 89 Charlotte St, London WIP 2DQ, Tel 01-580 5311 ANTI-APARTHEID MOVEMENT Annual General Meeting Sunday 24 October 10 am-5.30 pm NUFTO Hail, 14 Jockeys Fields (off Theobalds Rd) London WC1 The rapidly developing situation in Southern Africa demands greeter efforts and more participation by AAM members in the struggle for freedom. The AGM is the major forum for AAM members to take part in formulating the Movement's work for the coming year. Yet normal attendance at AGMs is only around 5-per cent of the membership. Pleasemake this year's AGM more representative- YOUR )'f0VEMENT NEEDS YOU! -The AGM is open only to members of the Anti-Apartheid Movement rable. Nstrategic i Africa and the ration struggle ir the Pretoria duced a lestrn allies. Africa to be a "legitimate African state" and no changes are demanded from Vorster about his internal policias. This strategy to promise and accelerate certain chaiges in Rhodesia and Namibia in return for an end to the African liberation struggle is highly dangerous, since its objective is to subvert African aspirations. At the same time it has to be recognised that US policy is to work for these changes in order to defuse the growing conflict in the regionregain some Western and control, and, above (e that South Africa's I is not threatened. ce US and Western "peaceful change" policy for Southern Africa SOUTHERN African Studies. 12 werek course, September22-December 8, 6.30-8.30 pm. Fee £5.50 (enrolment on first evening). Africa Centre, 38 King St, London WC2E 8JT, Ten 01-836 1973. SANITY, the paper pf the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament lCNDI, keeps you in touch with the arms race, the threat of war and hopes for for peace. fl a year from CND, Eastbourne House, Bullards Place, London El OPT. PEACE NEWS for non-violent struggles and making alternatives. Information, analysis, strategies for social change. £1.75"for six months subscription, 50p for trial five issues. From 8 Elm Avenue, Nottingham. accept their oppreionWgnd continue to fight for freedom. By the very nature of the iri tive, South Africa has to agree voluntarily to certain changes in Rhodesia and Namibia, and it is likely to support those changes which will bring about genuinely independent African administra-tions in its neighbouring countries. Secondly, in return for agreeing to these changes the Pretoria regime will undoubtedly extract a firm commitment from the US to stand even more closely on its side. It may be that Washington will be unable to agree to all South Aflice's demands but there should' be no doubt about the determination of the US and the Pretoria regime to work out a deal which will I nave Southern Africa" and enable the major Western powers to help preserve the stability and security of the aparei rte. There is widespread anxiety in Africa about the current Kissinger initiative, and the liberation movements are fully aware of US policy. It isperhaps not surprising that wl theUS iswishingtoappr on the sideof majority rule in Rhodesia ant Namibia, it has this year licensed the sale of taf more Hercules aircraft to South Africa, despite the fac that aircraft supplied earlier have beenused in' Angola and Naibia by the Sovuths African armed forcs. When it comes to supporting te cause of African liberation, . credibility is very unconvincng bu the long record of collaboratis with the white regimes is overwhelniog." I Policy: de otswana High Commisioner ider Kirby, Abdul S Minty 7.30 pm I f Commons, London SW1 vement supporters WI1, Tel 01-580 5311 CHALLENGE, monthly papes of the Young Communist League. Price.a. Subscription £1,30for 12 isues. Send to 28 Bedford St, London WC2, "NATO-Time To Get Out?" Conference on Saturday October 23 10.15 am-SpmatSmall Hall, Friends Meeting House, Euston Rd, LOndon NWI. Speakers: Fenner Brockweay, Dan Smith, Jo Richardson MP, Stan Newens MP. Called by CND Labour Committee, Eastbourne House, Bullards Place, London E2 OPT, tel 01-980 0937. LABOUR'S independent monthly - LABOUR LEADER - for Socialism and the Labour Party. Annual subscription £1.30. Send for a sample copy from ILP, 49 Top MoorSide, Leeds LS1 9LW. ELTSA (End Loans to Southern Africa) wants a full-time worker for 6 months to organise shareholder action and political campaigning. Apply: ELTSA, c/o AAM, 89 Charlotte St, London W"