City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2020 “The Gifts of Enemies”: The Acteal Massacre, Sociedad Civil Las Abejas and Mexico’s Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional and Humanitarian and Development Aid During the Low-Intensity War, 1997–1999 Maria R. Hart The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/3912 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact:
[email protected] “THE GIFTS OF ENEMIES”: THE ACTEAL MASSACRE, SOCIEDAD CIVIL LAS ABEJAS AND MEXICO’S EJÉRCITO ZAPATISTA DE LIBERACIÓN NACIONAL AND HUMANITARIAN AND DEVELOPMENT AID DURING THE LOW-INTENSITY WAR, 1997-1999 by MARIA RAMONA HART A dissErtation submittEd to the GraduatE Faculty in Anthropology in partial fulfillmEnt of the requiremEnts for the degreE of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of NEw York 2020 © 2020 MARIA RAMONA HART All Rights ResErved ii “The Gifts of EnemiEs”: The ActEal Massacre, Sociedad Civil Las Abejas And MExico’s Ejército Zapatista De Liberación Nacional and Humanitarian and DEvelopmEnt Aid During The Low-IntEnsity War, 1997-1999 by Maria Ramona Hart This manuscript has beEn read and accEptEd for the GraduatE Faculty in Anthropology in satisfaction of the dissErtation requiremEnt for the degreE of