RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/282 22 Avril 2013

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RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/282 22 Avril 2013 RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/282 22 avril 2013 (13-2056) Page: 1/84 Organe d'examen des politiques commerciales EXAMEN DES POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES RAPPORT DU SECRETARIAT SURINAME Le présent rapport, préparé pour le deuxième examen de la politique commerciale du Suriname, a été établi par le Secrétariat de l'OMC sous sa propre responsabilité. Ainsi qu'il est prévu dans l'Accord établissant le Mécanisme d'examen des politiques commerciales (Annexe 3 de l'Accord de Marrakech instituant l'Organisation mondiale du commerce), le Secrétariat a demandé au Suriname des éclaircissements sur sa politique et ses pratiques commerciales. Les questions d'ordre technique concernant ce rapport peuvent être adressées à MM. John Finn (tél.: 022/739 5081), Michael Kolie (tél.: 022/739 5931) et Bernard Kuiten (tél.: 022/739 5676). La déclaration de politique générale présentée par le Suriname est reproduite dans le document WT/TPR/G/282. Note: Le présent rapport fait l'objet d'une distribution restreinte et ne doit pas être communiqué à la presse avant la fin de la première séance de la réunion de l'Organe d'examen des politiques commerciales portant sur le Suriname. Ce rapport a été rédigé en anglais. WT/TPR/S/282 • Suriname - 2 - TABLE DES MATIÈRES RÉSUMÉ ........................................................................................................................... 6 1 ENVIRONNEMENT ECONOMIQUE .................................................................................. 9 1.1 Aperçu général ........................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Évolution économique récente ..................................................................................... 11 1.3 Évolution du commerce .............................................................................................. 14 1.4 Évolution dans le domaine de l'investissement ............................................................... 16 2 POLITIQUE COMMERCIALE: CADRE ET OBJECTIFS ..................................................... 18 2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................. 18 2.2 Cadre juridique et institutionnel général ........................................................................ 19 2.3 Élaboration et administration de la politique commerciale ................................................ 20 2.3.1 Organismes participant à la mise en œuvre de la politique commerciale .......................... 20 2.4 Objectifs de la politique commerciale ............................................................................ 22 2.4.1 Objectifs généraux de la politique commerciale ........................................................... 22 2.4.2 Objectifs sectoriels de la politique commerciale ........................................................... 23 2.5 Accords et arrangements commerciaux ......................................................................... 24 2.5.1 Accords multilatéraux .............................................................................................. 24 2.5.2 Accords régionaux .................................................................................................. 24 2.5.2.1 CARICOM ............................................................................................................ 24 2.5.2.2 Accords bilatéraux conclus par la CARICOM .............................................................. 25 2.5.2.3 Accords non réciproques ....................................................................................... 26 2.5.3 Accords bilatéraux .................................................................................................. 26 2.6 Différends commerciaux et consultations ...................................................................... 26 2.6.1 Régime relatif à l'investissement étranger .................................................................. 26 3 POLITIQUE ET PRATIQUES COMMERCIALES – ANALYSE PAR MESURE ........................ 29 3.1 Mesures agissant directement sur les importations ......................................................... 29 3.1.1 Enregistrement et procédures douanières ................................................................... 29 3.1.2 Évaluation en douane .............................................................................................. 30 3.1.3 Droits de douane et autres impositions ...................................................................... 31 3.1.3.1 Niveaux et structure des droits NPF ........................................................................ 31 3.1.3.2 Autres droits et impositions ................................................................................... 34 3.1.3.3 Consolidation des droits à l'OMC ............................................................................. 34 3.1.3.4 Droits de douane préférentiels ............................................................................... 35 3.1.4 Taxes intérieures frappant les importations ................................................................ 35 3.1.5 Règles d'origine ...................................................................................................... 35 3.1.6 Prohibitions et restrictions à l'importation et licences d'importation ................................ 36 3.1.7 Mesures contingentes .............................................................................................. 36 3.1.8 Normes et règlements techniques ............................................................................. 36 WT/TPR/S/282 • Suriname - 3 - 3.1.9 Mesures sanitaires et phytosanitaires ......................................................................... 37 3.2 Mesures agissant directement sur les exportations ......................................................... 39 3.2.1 Procédures ............................................................................................................ 39 3.2.2 Taxes, impositions, prélèvements et prix minimums à l'exportation ................................ 39 3.2.3 Prohibitions et restrictions à l'exportation et licences d'exportation ................................. 39 3.2.4 Subventions et incitations à l'exportation ................................................................... 40 3.2.5 Promotion, financement, assurance et garantie des exportations ................................... 40 3.3 Mesures agissant sur la production et le commerce ........................................................ 40 3.3.1 Incitations ............................................................................................................. 40 3.3.2 Enregistrement des entreprises et licences ................................................................. 40 3.3.3 Politique de la concurrence et contrôle des prix ........................................................... 41 3.3.3.1 Politique de la concurrence .................................................................................... 41 3.3.3.2 Contrôle des prix ................................................................................................. 42 3.3.4 Marchés publics ...................................................................................................... 42 3.3.5 Commerce d'État, entreprises d'État et privatisation .................................................... 43 3.3.6 Droits de propriété intellectuelle ................................................................................ 44 4 POLITIQUE COMMERCIALE – ANALYSE PAR PAR SECTEUR ......................................... 47 4.1 Agriculture ............................................................................................................... 47 4.1.1 Commerce ............................................................................................................. 48 4.1.2 Politiques............................................................................................................... 48 4.1.2.1 Riz ..................................................................................................................... 49 4.1.2.2 Bananes ............................................................................................................. 51 4.1.2.3 Élevage .............................................................................................................. 52 4.1.2.4 Fruits et légumes ................................................................................................. 53 4.2 Pêche ...................................................................................................................... 53 4.2.1 Caractéristiques ..................................................................................................... 53 4.2.2 Politiques............................................................................................................... 54 4.3 Industries extractives ................................................................................................. 55 4.3.1 Pétrole et gaz ......................................................................................................... 57 4.3.2 Bauxite et aluminium .............................................................................................. 57 4.3.3 Or ........................................................................................................................ 58 4.4 Services financiers ....................................................................................................
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