RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/391 7 De Agosto De 2019 (19-5090) Página

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RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/391 7 De Agosto De 2019 (19-5090) Página RESTRICTED WT/TPR/S/391 7 de agosto de 2019 (19-5090) Página: 1/82 Órgano de Examen de las Políticas Comerciales EXAMEN DE LAS POLÍTICAS COMERCIALES INFORME DE LA SECRETARÍA SURINAME El presente informe, preparado para el tercer examen de las políticas comerciales de Suriname, ha sido redactado por la Secretaría de la OMC bajo su responsabilidad. Como exige el Acuerdo por el que se establece el Mecanismo de Examen de las Políticas Comerciales (Anexo 3 del Acuerdo de Marrakech por el que se establece la Organización Mundial del Comercio), la Secretaría ha pedido aclaraciones a Suriname sobre sus políticas y prácticas comerciales. Cualquier pregunta técnica que se plantee en relación con este informe puede dirigirse a Arne Klau (tel.: 022 739 5706) y Bernard Kuiten (tel.: 022 739 5676). En el documento WT/TPR/G/391 figura la exposición de políticas presentada por Suriname. Nota: El presente informe es de distribución reservada y no debe difundirse a la prensa hasta que haya finalizado la primera sesión de la reunión del Órgano de Examen de las Políticas Comerciales sobre Suriname. Este informe ha sido redactado en inglés. WT/TPR/S/391 • Suriname - 2 - ÍNDICE RESUMEN ......................................................................................................................... 6 1 ENTORNO ECONÓMICO .............................................................................................. 11 1.1 Principales características de la economía ......................................................................11 1.2 Evolución económica reciente .......................................................................................12 1.3 Evolución del comercio y la inversión ............................................................................14 1.3.1 Tendencias y estructura del comercio de mercancías y servicios ....................................14 1.3.2 Tendencias y estructura de la inversión extranjera directa ............................................14 2 REGÍMENES DE COMERCIO E INVERSIÓN .................................................................. 17 2.1 Marco general ............................................................................................................17 2.2 Formulación y objetivos de la política comercial ..............................................................18 2.3 Acuerdos y arreglos comerciales ...................................................................................21 2.3.1 OMC .......................................................................................................................21 2.3.2 Acuerdos regionales y preferenciales ..........................................................................22 2.3.3 Acuerdo de Asociación Económica UE-CARIFORUM .......................................................22 2.4 Régimen de inversión ..................................................................................................23 3 POLÍTICAS Y PRÁCTICAS COMERCIALES, POR MEDIDAS ........................................... 26 3.1 Medidas que afectan directamente a las importaciones ....................................................26 3.1.1 Procedimientos y requisitos aduaneros y valoración en aduana ......................................26 3.1.2 Normas de origen ....................................................................................................27 3.1.3 Aranceles ................................................................................................................28 3.1.3.1 Aranceles NMF aplicados ........................................................................................28 3.1.3.2 Consolidaciones ....................................................................................................31 3.1.3.3 Aranceles preferenciales ........................................................................................31 3.1.3.4 Exenciones y concesiones ......................................................................................31 3.1.3.5 Otros derechos y cargas ........................................................................................32 3.1.4 Otras cargas que afectan a las importaciones ..............................................................32 3.1.5 Prohibiciones, restricciones y licencias de importación ..................................................33 3.1.6 Medidas antidumping, compensatorias y de salvaguardia ..............................................35 3.1.7 Otras medidas que afectan a las importaciones ...........................................................35 3.2 Medidas que afectan directamente a las exportaciones ....................................................35 3.2.1 Procedimientos y requisitos aduaneros .......................................................................35 3.2.2 Impuestos, cargas y gravámenes...............................................................................36 3.2.3 Prohibiciones, restricciones y licencias de exportación ..................................................36 3.2.4 Apoyo y promoción de las exportaciones.....................................................................37 3.2.5 Financiación, seguro y garantías de las exportaciones ..................................................37 3.3 Medidas que afectan a la producción y al comercio .........................................................37 3.3.1 Incentivos ...............................................................................................................37 3.3.2 Normas y otras prescripciones técnicas ......................................................................38 3.3.3 Prescripciones sanitarias y fitosanitarias .....................................................................39 WT/TPR/S/391 • Suriname - 3 - 3.3.4 Política de competencia, controles de precios y protección del consumidor ......................41 3.3.5 Comercio de Estado, empresas de propiedad estatal y privatización ...............................42 3.3.6 Contratación pública ................................................................................................42 3.3.7 Derechos de propiedad intelectual .............................................................................43 4 POLÍTICAS COMERCIALES, POR SECTORES ............................................................... 46 4.1 Agricultura, silvicultura y pesca ....................................................................................46 4.1.1 Agricultura ..............................................................................................................46 4.1.1.1 Características ......................................................................................................46 4.1.1.2 Comercio .............................................................................................................47 4.1.1.3 Políticas ...............................................................................................................48 4.1.1.3.1 Panorama general ..............................................................................................48 4.1.1.3.2 Políticas comerciales ...........................................................................................49 4.1.1.3.3 Políticas nacionales .............................................................................................50 4.1.2 Pesca .....................................................................................................................53 4.1.2.1 Características ......................................................................................................53 4.1.2.2 Políticas ...............................................................................................................55 4.1.3 Silvicultura ..............................................................................................................57 4.2 Minería y energía ........................................................................................................59 4.2.1 Minería ...................................................................................................................59 4.2.1.1 Oro .....................................................................................................................62 4.2.1.2 Bauxita ................................................................................................................63 4.2.2 Hidrocarburos .........................................................................................................64 4.3 Manufacturas .............................................................................................................65 4.4 Servicios ...................................................................................................................65 4.4.1 Panorama general ....................................................................................................65 4.4.2 Servicios financieros ................................................................................................65 4.4.2.1 Panorama general .................................................................................................65 4.4.2.2 Marco reglamentario .............................................................................................66 4.4.2.3 Bancos ................................................................................................................67 4.4.2.4 Seguros ...............................................................................................................68
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