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These Test Guidelines Have Been Superseded by a Later Version. the Latest Adopted Version of Test Guidelines Can Be Found At These Test Guidelines have been superseded by a later version. The latest adopted version of Test Guidelines can be found at http://www.upov.int/test_guidelines/en/list.jsp This publication has been scanned from a paper copy and may have some discrepancies from the original document. _____ Ces principes directeurs d’examen ont été remplacés par une version ultérieure. La version adoptée la plus récente des principes directeurs d’examen figure à l’adresse suivante : http://www.upov.int/test_guidelines/fr/list.jsp Cette publication a été numérisée à partir d’une copie papier et peut contenir des différences avec le document original. _____ Diese Prüfungsrichtlinien wurden durch eine neuere Fassung ersetzt. Die neueste angenommene Fassung von Prüfungsrichtlinien ist unter http://www.upov.int/test_guidelines/en/list.jsp zu finden. Diese Veröffentlichung wurde von einer Papierkopie gescannt und könnte Abweichungen von der originalen Veröffentlichung aufweisen. _____ Las presentes directrices de examen han sido reemplazadas por una versión posterior. La versión de las directrices de examen de m ás reciente aprobación está disponible en http://www.upov.int/test_guidelines/es/list.jsp. Este documento ha s ido escaneado a p artir de una copia en papel y puede que existan divergencias en relación con el documento original. TG/123/3 Original: English/anglais/englisch Date/Datum: 1989-10-06 GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTS FOR DISTINCTNESS, HOMOGENEITY AND STABILITY PRINCIPES DIRECTEURS POUR LA CONDUITE DE L'EXAMEN DES CARACTERES DISTINCTIFS, DE L'HOMOGENEITE ET DE LA STABILITE RICHTLINIEN FUER DIE DURCHFUEHRUNG DER PRUEFUNG AUF UNTERSCHEIDBARKEIT, HOMOGENITAET UND BESTAENDIGKEIT BANANA BANANIER BANANE (Musa acuminata Colla) These Guidelines should be read in conjunction with document UPOV/TG/1/2, which contains explanatory notes on the general principles on which the Guidelines have been established. Ces principes directeurs doivent être interprétés en relation avec le document UPOV/TG/1/2, qui contient des explications sur les principes généraux qui sont à la base de leur rédaction. Diese Richtlinien sind in Verbindung mit dem Dokument UPOV/TG/1/2 zu sehen, das Erklärungen über die allgemeinen Grundsätze enthält, nach denen die Richtlinien aufgestellt wurden. n:\orgupov\shared\tg\banana\123-03tr.doc TG/123/3 Banana/Bananier/Banane, 89-10-06 -2- [English] TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. Subject of these Guidelines 3 II. Material Required 3 III. Conduct of Tests 3 IV. Methods and Observations 4 V. Grouping of Varieties 4 VI. Characteristics and Symbols 5 VII. Table of Characteristics 15 VIII. Explanations on the Table of Characteristics 21 IX. Literature 23 X. Technical Questionnaire 24 [français] SOMMAIRE PAGE I. Objet de ces principes directeurs 7 II. Matériel requis 7 III. Conduite de l'examen 7 IV. Méthodes et observations 8 V. Groupement des variétés 9 VI. Caractères et symboles 10 VII. Tableau des caractères 15 VIII. Explications du tableau des caractères 21 IX. Littérature 23 X. Questionnaire technique 24 [deutsch] INHALT SEITE I. Anwendung dieser Richtlinien 11 II. Anforderungen an das Vermehrungsmaterial 11 III. Durchführung der Prüfung 11 IV. Methoden und Erfassungen 12 V. Gruppierung der Sorten 13 VI. Merkmale und Symbole 14 VII. Merkmalstabelle 15 VIII. Erklärungen zu der Merkmalstabelle 21 IX. Literatur 23 X. Technischer Fragebogen 24 [English] I. Subject of these Guidelines These Test Guidelines apply to all triploid varieties of Musa acuminata Colla (known as the AAA group) (Musaceae) and therefore exclude the diploid and tetraploid varieties as well as those triploid varieties which are hybrids of M. acuminata Colla and M. balbisiana Colla. TG/123/3 Banana/Bananier/Banane, 89-10-06 -3- II. Material Required 1. The competent authorities decide when, where and in what quantity and quality the plant material required for testing the variety is to be deliv- ered. Applicants submitting material from a State other than that in which the testing takes place must make sure that all customs formalities are complied with. As a minimum, the following quantity of plant material is recommended: 15 corm sections preferably not from micropropagation with the central growing point removed, each with a mass of 1-2 kg and each containing at least one lateral bud. The plant material supplied should be visibly healthy, not lacking in vigor or affected by any important pest or disease. 2. The plant material must not have undergone any treatment unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given. III. Conduct of Tests 1. To assess distinctness it is essential for the trees under test to bear a satisfactory crop of fruit for at least two growing periods. 2. The tests should normally be conducted at one place. If any important characteristics of the variety cannot be seen at that place, the variety may be tested at an additional place. 3. The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring normal growth. The size of the plots should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for measurement and counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to the end of the growing period. As a minimum, each test should include a total of 12 plants which should be divided between two or more replicates. Separate plots for observation and for measuring can only be used if they have been subject to similar environmental conditions. 4. Additional tests for special purposes may be established. TG/123/3 Banana/Bananier/Banane, 89-10-06 -4- IV. Methods and Observations 1. Experience in testing homogeneity and stability has shown that, in the case of vegetatively propagated banana varieties, it is sufficient to determine whether the plant material supplied is uniform in the states of the characteristics observed and that neither mutations nor mixtures have occurred. 2. All observations should be made on 10 plants or parts of 10 plants. 3. All observations should be made on the second ratoon or later in the plantation life and the spacing of the plants should be specified. 4. The length of the pseudostem should be measured from the ground level to the crook of the stalk at the beginning of flowering. 5. The circumference of the pseudostem should be measured at the height of 30 cm from ground level at the beginning of flowering. 6. All observations on the female bract should be made at the time of flowering on the third bract from the proximal end of the bunch. 7. All observations on the fruit bunch should be done at fruit maturity (harvest time) on those bunches which were originally marked for flower observations. All observations on the fruit should be made on the ripe fruit at the optimum edible stage. 8. The length of the stalk of the fruit bunch should be determined from the crook of the stalk to the point of attachment of the proximal fruit cluster (hand). 9. The length of the fruit bunch should be determined from the attachment of the proximal fruit cluster to that of the distal well-developed fruit cluster. 10. The width of the fruit bunch should be determined at its middle. 11. The length of the internodes between the fruit clusters on the fruit bunch should be determined between the second, third and fourth cluster from the proximal end of the fruit bunch. 12. All observations on the fruit should be made on the third cluster. The length of the fruit should be determined on the outer (convex) side from where the fruit widens at the stalk end to the apical point. 13. All observations on the leaf should be made on the third leaf from the apex at harvest time of those fruit bunches which were originally marked for observation. V. Grouping of Varieties 1. The collection to be grown should be divided into groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness. Characteristics which are suitable for grouping purposes are those which are known from experience not to vary, or to vary only slightly, within a variety and which in their various states are fairly evenly distributed within the collection. 2. It is recommended that the competent authorities divide the triploid varieties (the AAA group) of Musa acuminata into subgroups and types which can be identified by the following characteristics: 1. Gros Michel (i) Fruit: ratio length/width large (characteristic 28) TG/123/3 Banana/Bananier/Banane, 89-10-06 -5- (ii) Fruit: shape of apex bottle-necked (characteristic 30) (iii) Fruit: color of skin deep yellow (characteristic 33) 2. Cavendish (i) Fruit: ratio length/width medium (characteristic 28) (ii) Fruit: shape of apex blunt (characteristic 30) (iii) Fruit: color of skin yellow-green (characteristic 33) to yellow a. Dwarf Cavendish Pseudostem: length (characteristic 1) very short b. Giant Cavendish Pseudostem: length (characteristic 1) short c. Robusta Pseudostem: length (characteristic 1) medium d. Pisang Masak Hijau Pseudostem: length (characteristic 1) long 3. Red and Green Red (i) Fruit: ratio length/width small (characteristic 28) (ii) Fruit: shape of apex blunt (characteristic 30) (iii) Fruit: color of skin green or red (characteristic 33) TG/123/3 Banana/Bananier/Banane, 89-10-06 -6- VI. Characteristics and Symbols 1. To assess distinctness, homogeneity and stability, the characteristics and their states as given in the three UPOV working languages in the Table of Characteristics should be used. 2. Notes (1 to 9), for the purposes of electronic data processing, are given opposite the states of the different characteristics. 3. Legend: (*) Characteristics that should be used every growing period for the examinations of all varieties and should always be included in the description of the variety, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic or regional environmental conditions render this impossible.
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