The Kokoda Campaign 1942: Myth and Reality PDF Book
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Census of the State of Michigan, 1894
(Rmmll mmvmxi^ fibatg THE GIFT OF l:\MURAM.--kLl'V'^'-.':^-.y.yi m. .cPfe£.. Am4l im7 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARV Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924072676715 CENSUS STATE OF MICHIGAN 1894 SOLDIERS, SAILORS AND MARINES YOLTJME ni COMPrLED AND PUBLISHBD BY WASHINGTON GARDNER, SECRETARY OF STATE In accordance with an Act of the Legrislature, approved May 31, 1893 BY AUTHOEITY LANSING EOBEET SMITH & CO., STATE PEINTEES AND BINDEES CONTENTS. Table 1. The United States soldiers of the civil war distinguished as aative and foreig:n-born by ages and civil condition. Table 2. The United States soldiers of the civil war diatingnisbed as native and foreign-bom by ages in periods of years. Table 3. The United States soldiers of the civil war distinguished as native and foreign-born by civil condition. Table i. The Confederate soldiers by ages. Table 5. The Confederate soldiers distingnished as native and foreign-born and by civil condition. Table 6. The United States soldiers of the Mexican war distinguished as native and foreign-bom and by civil condition. Table 7. The United States marines distinguished as native and foreign-bom and by civil condition. Table 8. By nativity and by ages in periods of years, the U. S. soldiers, sailors and marines who were sick or temporarily disabled on the day of the enumerator's visit, together with the nature of the sickness or disability. -
South-West Pacific: Amphibious Operations, 1942–45
Issue 30, 2021 South-West Pacific: amphibious operations, 1942–45 By Dr. Karl James Dr. James is the Head of Military History, Australian War Memorial. Issue 30, 2021 © Commonwealth of Australia 2021 This work is copyright. You may download, display, print, and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice and imagery metadata) for your personal, non- commercial use, or use within your organisation. This material cannot be used to imply an endorsement from, or an association with, the Department of Defence. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Issue 30, 2021 On morning of 1 July 1945 hundreds of warships and vessels from the United States Navy, the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), and the Royal Netherlands Navy lay off the coast of Balikpapan, an oil refining centre on Borneo’s south-east coast. An Australian soldier described the scene: Landing craft are in formation and swing towards the shore. The naval gunfire is gaining momentum, the noise from the guns and bombs exploding is terrific … waves of Liberators [heavy bombers] are pounding the area.1 This offensive to land the veteran 7th Australian Infantry Division at Balikpapan was the last of a series amphibious operations conducted by the Allies to liberate areas of Dutch and British territory on Borneo. It was the largest amphibious operation conducted by Australian forces during the Second World War. Within an hour some 16,500 troops were ashore and pushing inland, along with nearly 1,000 vehicles.2 Ultimately more than 33,000 personnel from the 7th Division and Allied forces were landed in the amphibious assault.3 Balikpapan is often cited as an example of the expertise achieved by Australian forces in amphibious operations during the war.4 It was a remarkable development. -
The Combat Effectiveness of Australian and American Infantry Battalions in Papua in 1942-1943 Bryce Michael Fraser University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2013 The combat effectiveness of Australian and American infantry battalions in Papua in 1942-1943 Bryce Michael Fraser University of Wollongong Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Faculty of Arts School of History and Politics The combat effectiveness of Australian and American infantry battalions in Papua in 1942-1943 Bryce Michael Fraser, BA. This thesis is presented as the requirement for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Wollongong March 2013 CERTIFICATION I, Bryce Michael Fraser, declare that this thesis, submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Department of History and Politics, University of Wollongong, is wholly my own work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. The document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. B M Fraser 25 March 2013 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES iv ABBREVIATIONS vii ABSTRACT viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS x Introduction: 1 Chapter 1: Theory and methodology 13 Chapter 2: The campaign and the armies in Papua 53 Chapter 3: Review of literature and sources 75 Chapter 4 : The combat readiness of the battalions in the 14th Brigade 99 Chapter 5: Reinterpreting the site and the narrative of the battle of Ioribaiwa 135 Chapter 6: Ioribaiwa battle analysis 185 Chapter 7: Introduction to the Sanananda road 211 Chapter 8: American and Australian infantry battalions in attacks at the South West Sector on the Sanananda road 249 Chapter 9: Australian Militia and AIF battalions in the attacks at the South West Sector on the Sanananda road. -
Fighting Against the French: Australians in the Allied Invasion of Lebanon and Syria, 1941
Fighting against the French: Australians in the Allied invasion of Lebanon and Syria, 1941 Daniel Seaton Introduction In the nearly three quarters of a century since the end of the Second World War, popular memory of Australia’s involvement in the conflict has been shaped around several key cornerstones of engagement. Tobruk, Kokoda, and Singapore, for example, are easily understandable stories of heroism and sacrifice, which have been etched into Australian national consciousness as symbols of the nation’s contribution to the war. These symbols provide unambiguous displays of the courage and determination shown by Australian service personnel, fought against easily recognisable enemies: the Germans and Japanese. Where areas of conflict did not fit into these clear-cut criteria, they often became subsumed by the popular narrative of the war. An example of this is the Lebanon-Syria campaign of June–July 1941, fought against pro-Axis Vichy French forces, which has remained a far less well-known and understood area of Australian engagement to this day.1 Though the campaign was a relatively minor event in the grand scheme of the war, it held great significance for the men, mostly of the recently-formed 7th Australian Division, who fought there. In his 1989 memoir, Corporal Anthony MacInante, a veteran of the campaign, wrote that “very little credit, if any, has been given to the Commanding Officers and troops who secured this vital northern flank of Lebanon- Syria … In Australia we hardly get a mention”.2 MacInante’s complaints may have been -
Brigadier Arnold Potts
Brigadier Arnold Potts In the First World War, Arnold Potts rose from Lance Corporal to Brigadier, and fought at Gallipoli and in France. By 1918, he was a Captain and had been awarded the Military Cross (MC). In the inter-war years, Arnold Potts was a farmer in West Australia, but was active in the formation of a militia unit just before the Second World War began. In 1940, at the age of 44, he enlisted in the Second Australian Imperial Force (2nd AIF). Potts was accepted as a Major, in command of Headquarter Company, 2/16th Australian Infantry Battalion. As part of 21st Brigade, the 2/16th fought the Vichy French in the Allied invasion of Syria in 1941. Potts was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO), promoted Lieutenant Colonel and appointed to command the 2/16th. When the war spread to the Pacific, and Potts’ battalion returned to Australia in 1942, he was in command of the brigade. 21 Brigade comprised the Victorian 2/14th Battalion, the West Australian 2/16th and the South Australian 2/27th. and, with the 18th and 25th Brigades, made up the 7th Australian Division, commanded by Major General Arthur Allen. After the Japanese landed at Gona on 21 July 1942, and began to advance on Port Moresby, only one partly trained Australian militia battalion could be deployed, on foot, to resist the advance, and the situation on the Kokoda Track became serious. The loss of Port Moresby, and so all Papua New Guinea, would be disastrous for the Allies. Potts’ brigade began to move to Papua New Guinea in early August. -
INSTRUMENT of SURRENDER We, Acting by Command of and in Behalf
INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER We, acting by command of and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan, the Japanese Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, hereby accept the provisions set forth in the declaration issued by the heads of the Governments of the United States, China, and Great Britain on 26 July 1945 at Potsdam, and subsequently adhered to by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which four powers are hereafter referred to as the Allied Powers. We hereby proclaim the unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and of all Japanese armed forces and all armed forces under the Japanese control wherever situated. We hereby command all Japanese forces wherever situated and the Japanese people to cease hostilities forthwith, to preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property and to comply with all requirements which my be imposed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by agencies of the Japanese Government at his direction. We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Headquarters to issue at once orders to the Commanders of all Japanese forces and all forces under Japanese control wherever situated to surrender unconditionally themselves and all forces under their control. We hereby command all civil, military and naval officials to obey and enforce all proclamations, and orders and directives deemed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers to be proper to effectuate this surrender and issued by him or under his authority and we direct all such officials to remain at their posts and to continue to perform their non-combatant duties unless specifically relieved by him or under his authority. -
Scholars at War
SCHOLARS AT WAR AUSTRALASIAN SOCIAL SCIENTISTS, 1939-1945 SCHOLARS AT WAR AUSTRALASIAN SOCIAL SCIENTISTS, 1939-1945 Edited by Geoffrey Gray, Doug Munro and Christine Winter Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Scholars at war : Australasian social scientists, 1939-1945 / edited by Geoffrey Gray, Doug Munro and Christine Winter. ISBN: 9781921862496 (pbk.) 9781921862502 (ebook) Subjects: Anthropologists--Australia--Biography. Anthropologists--New Zealand--Biography. Historians--Australia--Biography. Historians--New Zealand--Biography. World War, 1939-1945--Science. Social sciences--Australia. Social sciences--New Zealand. Other Authors/Contributors: Gray, Geoffrey G. Munro, Doug. Winter, Christine. Dewey Number: 301.0922 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Cover image: Canberra, ACT, 1945-05-29, Members of the Instructional Staff of the Land HQ School of Civil Affairs at Duntroon Military College. Australian War Memorial ID 108449. Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2012 ANU E Press Contents Preface . .vii Contributors . ix Acknowledgments . xi Abbreviations and Acronyms . xiii Introduction . 1 Geoffrey Gray, Doug Munro and Christine Winter Part I: The Australians 29 Geoffrey Gray and Christine Winter 1 . A . P . Elkin: Public morale and propaganda . 35 John Pomeroy 2 . Conlon’s Remarkable Circus . 55 Cassandra Pybus 3. -
The Australian Army's Independent Companies and Commandos 1940
THE AUSTRALIAN ARMY’S INDEPENDENT COMPANIES AND COMMANDOS 1940-1945 Gregory Lewis Blake Thesis submitted for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Canberra August 2019 i Abstract This dissertation examines the history of the Australian Independent Companies – Commando Squadrons during World War Two. There has been no collective history of Australia’s Independent Companies and Commando Squadrons and this dissertation aims to fill that gap in the historiography. The scope of this dissertation is broad and examines the Australian Independent Companies and Commando Squadrons from their initial formation in 1940, their operational history from 1942 until 1945, the manner in which the Army managed them during the war and how with the passage of time the nature of this management changed. The dissertation identifies an ongoing context between conservatism as represented by the traditional Australian Army ethos and the radically unconventional ethos of the initial Independent Companies. The contest was eventually won by the conservatives and this was manifested in the nature of the employment of the Commando squadrons during the last year of the war. It was, however, and incomplete victory with elements of the Army persisting with unconventional practices, reflecting the inability to establish a true consensus on the role Commandos were to play in the Army as a whole. Researching this history involved accessing archives in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States, notable among these being the Australian War Memorial, The National Archives of Australia, the National Archives of the United Kingdom, the Liddell Hart Military Archives, the Dwight De Eisenhower Archives, The MacArthur Memorial Archives and The United States National Archives and Records Administration. -
Vader 1978 Nieuw Guinea.Pdf
Nieuw-Guinea Het getij wordt gekeerd. John Vader Standaard Uitgeverij Antwerpen-Amsterdam De oorspronkelijke Engelse uitgave was getiteld New Guinea: the tide is• stemmed en verscheen in de reeks Ballantine 's Illustrated History of the Violent Century onder redactie van Barrie Pitt. De Nederlandse uitgave werd vertaald door C. den Ouden. De in dit boek gebruikte foto's zijn speciaal gekozen uit de volgende archieven v.l.n.r. blz. 4-5 Australian War Memorial: 7 Australian War Memorial: 8-9 National Archives: 10 fmperial War Museum; 11-15 National Archives; 20 Australian War Memorial; 21 Keystone; 23 Keystone; 24 Bell Aircraft Corporation/Australian War Memorial; 25 Australian War Memorial/IWM; 28-29 National Archives; 30 Australian War Memorial; 32-33 IWM; 34 National Archives/US Navy; 35 IWM; 36 National Archives; 38 Australian War Memorial; 39 National Archives; 40-41 US Air Force; 42 National Archives; 44 National Archives; 45 IWM/National Archives; 46 US Army/US Air Force; 47-49 Australian War Memorial; 52 Australian War Memorial; 53 US Army; 54-56 Australian War Memorial; 59 US Air Force; 61-72 Australian War Memorial; 74 US Army/Australian War Memorial; 75 IWM; 76 US Army; 80-86 Australian War Memorial; 133 US Army; 134-136 Australian War Memorial; 136 US Army/IWM; 139-143 US Army; 144 National Archives; 145 Auslralian War Memorial; 146 National Archives; 150 US Marine Corps; 151 National Archives; 155-158 Australian War Memorial Omslagfoto: Australian War Memorial © 1971 by John Vader © 1978 by Standaard Uitgeverij (N.V. Scriptoria), Antwerp Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd en/of openbaar gemaakt worden door middel van druk, fotocopie, microfilm of op welke andere wijze ook, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. -
The Kokoda Campaign, July- November 1942, an Analysis
THE KOKODA CAMPAIGN, JULY- NOVEMBER 1942, AN ANALYSIS Peter Damian Williams A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Charles Darwin University. July 2008 I hereby declare that the work herein, now submitted as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, is the result of my own investigations and all references to ideas and work of other researchers have been specifically acknowledged. I hereby certify that the work embodied in this thesis has not already been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being currently submitted in candidature for any other degree. ……………………… ……………………. Peter Damian Williams Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge those who have aided me with this thesis. I thank my supervisor, Professor Alan Powell of Charles Darwin University, Dr. Steven Bullard of the Australia Japan Research Project, the staffs of the Australian War Memorial, the National Archives of Australia and the National Library of Australia. Frank Taylor guided me across the Owen Stanley Range and freely shared his knowledge of the campaign. My research in Japan would not have been possible without the help of Dr. Shindo Hiroyuki and Major General Yoshinaga Hayashi of the National Institute of Defence Studies in Tokyo. Sato Go, Sato Yukiko, Marutani Hajime, Yoshida Haruki, Akaboshi Yayoi and Nakagawa Naoko are to be thanked for their efforts arranging my visits to Japan, translating documents and locating Japanese veterans. Major Horie Masao, who fought the Australians for two years in New Guinea, gave freely of his time, his private papers and his hospitality. Finally, I would like to thank my wife Samantha, the pillar of support on which this thesis rests. -
The Complexity and Limitations of Australian Army Biography
The University of Notre Dame Australia ResearchOnline@ND Arts Papers and Journal Articles School of Arts 2010 Commemoration, memory, and forgotten histories: The complexity and limitations of Australian Army biography Peter J. Dean University of Notre Dame Australia, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/arts_article Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons This article was originally published as: Dean, P. J. (2010). Commemoration, memory, and forgotten histories: The complexity and limitations of Australian Army biography. War & Society, 29 (2), 118–136. http://doi.org/10.1179/204243410X12796373846347 This article is posted on ResearchOnline@ND at https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/arts_article/32. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Commemoration, Memory, and Forgotten Histories: The Complexity and Limitations of Australian Army Biography Peter Dean University of Notre Dame, Australia War & Society , Vol. 29 No. 2, October, 2010, 118–36 DOI 10.1179/204243410X12796373846347 Abstract Military biography in Australia raises questions about the specific historiography more generally, and about the commemorative and celebratory tendencies in Australian military writing. Recent advances in the field illustrate the continuing tensions within the writing of military history in Australia, and reflect some of the same tendencies elsewhere in the English speaking world. Article In June 2001 Dr Chris Clark made a number of observations regarding ‘Exploring the history -
Contents More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01594-4 - The Kokoda Campaign 1942: Myth and Reality Peter Williams Table of Contents More information C O NTENTS List of photographs page ix List of maps xi List of tables xii Key to military symbols xiii Acknowledgements xiv Note on the text xv Glossary xvi 1 Introduction 1 2 Strategy 10 3 Military intelligence 23 4 The Nankai Shitai 35 5 From the landing to Deniki 47 6 Isurava 62 7 Guadalcanal and Milne Bay 84 8 The Japanese build-up 95 9 First Eora–Templeton’s 109 10 Efogi 121 11 Ioribaiwa 135 12 Japanese artillery 152 13 Malaria and dysentery 162 vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01594-4 - The Kokoda Campaign 1942: Myth and Reality Peter Williams Table of Contents More information viii CONTENTS 14 The Japanese supply crisis 171 15 Second Eora–Templeton’s 185 16 Oivi–Gorari 207 17 The war in the air 221 18 Conclusion 233 Note on sources 242 Notes 248 Bibliography 280 Index 291 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01594-4 - The Kokoda Campaign 1942: Myth and Reality Peter Williams Table of Contents More information P H O T O GR ap HS 1 Lieutenant-General Hyakutake Harukichi, commander of Seventeenth Army page 16 2 The Takachiho Maru 25 3 144th Regiment landing at Rabaul, 23 January 1942 38 4 Aerial view looking south from Kokoda along Eora Creek Gorge towards Myola 54 5 1st Battalion, 144th Regiment resting, August 1942 59 6 Major-General Horii Tomitaro, commander