Trabajo De Suficiencia Profesional Ingeniero

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Trabajo De Suficiencia Profesional Ingeniero UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL “PEDRO RUIZ GALLO” Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica IV PROGRAMA DE TITULACIÓN PROFESIONAL EXTRAORDINARIA TRABAJO DE SUFICIENCIA PROFESIONAL Para Optar el Título Profesional de INGENIERO MECÁNICO ELECTRICISTA “DISEÑO DE UNA CENTRAL FOTOVOLTAICA PARA SUMINISTRAR CON ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA AL CASERÍO LA ALGODONERA DEL DISTRITO DE OLMOS” Autor: Bach. REYES JURUPE JEFERSON JOSIMAR Asesor: Ing. MSc. JONY VILLALOBOS CABRERA. LAMBAYEQUE – PERÚ Enero del 2019 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL “PEDRO RUIZ GALLO” Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica IV PROGRAMA DE TITULACIÓN PROFESIONAL EXTRAORDINARIA TRABAJO DE SUFICIENCIA PROFESIONAL Para Optar el Título Profesional de INGENIERO MECÁNICO ELECTRICISTA “DISEÑO DE UNA CENTRAL FOTOVOLTAICA PARA SUMINISTRAR CON ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA AL CASERÍO LA ALGODONERA DEL DISTRITO DE OLMOS” Presentado Por: Bach. REYES JURUPE JEFERSON JOSIMAR Aprobado por el Jurado Examinador PRESIDENTE: Dr. DANIEL CARRANZA MONTENEGRO .…….…... SECRETARIO: Mag. CARLOS JAVIER COTRINA SAAVEDRA ………. MIEMBRO: Ing. PERCY NIÑO VÁSQUEZ ……..…………. ASESOR: MSc. JONY VILLALOBOS CABRERA ………………... Lambayeque – Perú Enero del 2019 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL “PEDRO RUIZ GALLO” Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica IV PROGRAMA DE TITULACIÓN PROFESIONAL EXTRAORDINARIA TRABAJO DE SUFICIENCIA PROFESIONAL TITULO “DISEÑO DE UNA CENTRAL FOTOVOLTAICA PARA SUMINISTRAR CON ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA AL CASERÍO LA ALGODONERA DEL DISTRITO DE OLMOS” CONTENIDOS CAPITULO I: PROBLEMA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN. CAPITULO II: MARCO TEÓRICO. CAPITULO III: MARCO METODOLÓGICO. CAPITULO IV: PROPUESTA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN CAPITULO V: ANÁLISIS E INTERPRETACIÓN DE LOS RESULTADOS. CAPITULO VI: CONCLUSIONES. AUTOR: Bach. REYES JURUPE JEFERSON JOSIMAR ________________________ ___________________________ PRESIDENTE SECRETARIO ________________________ ___________________________ MIEMBRO ASESOR Lambayeque – Perú Enero del 2019 DEDICATORIA Este examen de suficiencia profesional está dedicado a: A mis padres José Orlando Reyes Navarro y Liliana Elvira Jurupe Pérez quienes con su amor, paciencia y esfuerzo me han permitido llegar a cumplir hoy un sueño más, gracias por inculcar en mí, ejemplo de esfuerzo y valentía, de no temer las adversidades porque Dios está conmigo siempre. A mis hermanos Erika y Carlos y mi novia Sila García, por su apoyo incondicional durante todo este proceso, por estar conmigo en todo momento. A toda mi familia porque con sus oraciones, consejos y palabras de aliento hicieron de mí una mejor persona y de una otra forma me acompañan en todos mis sueños y metas. REYES JURUPE JEFERSON JOSIMAR IV AGRADECIMIENTO A DIOS: Por cuidarme y protegerme durante todo mi camino y darme fuerzas y sabiduría para superar obstáculos y dificultades a lo largo del desarrollo de mi vida. A MIS PADRES: Que con su dedicación y perseverancia de unos padres ejemplares me han enseñado a no desfallecer ni rendirme ante nada y a luchar por mis objetivos a través de sus sabios consejos. A DOCENTES: A mi profesor y Asesor, por su incondicional apoyo, sus cualidades profesionales y humanas que fueron materializando las ideas en las páginas que conforman esta tesis. Así como también a cada uno de los profesores e ingenieros que contribuyeron a nuestra formación profesional con sus conocimientos, aportes, dedicación y sabios consejos. V RESUMEN El presente examen de suficiencia profesional tuvo por objetivo dimensionar una central fotovoltaica para suministrar con energía eléctrica al caserío La Algodonera en el distrito de Olmos perteneciente el departamento de Lambayeque. El tipo de investigación fue aplicada dado que se va a solucionar un problema de la sociedad aplicando los conocimientos de ingeniería. Luego de recopilar información y hacer cálculos se obtuvo lo siguiente: La energía eléctrica promedio proyectada para el caserío La Algodonera es de: 25 850,40 Wh/día y la máxima demanda es de: 4703,2 W . La radiación solar promedio diaria se determinó considerando 03 fuentes de radiación solar: El atlas de radiación solar del Perú se obtuvo un valor de radio solar de: considerará el valor promedio de 4,75 kWh/m2/día. Del software METEONORM se obtuvo un valor de 4,84 kWh/m2/día. Del software Solarius Plus se obtuvo un valor de 4,72 kWh/m2/día. Se consideró el menor de estos valores para el cálculo de la central fotovoltaica es decir 4,72 kWh/m2/día. El sistema fotovoltaico estará compuesto por 32 paneles fotovoltaicos de 320 Wp de potencia cada uno, 32 baterías RITAR de 200 A.h, 02 reguladores de carga 150/100 y 01 inversor de 10 000 W. Dando una potencia instalada del sistema de captación de energía de 10,24 kWp. El conductor eléctrico que se usara es 2x16/25 y 1x16/25, los cuales cumplen con los requerimientos mecánicos y eléctricos. El costo total de la central fotovoltaica con la red de distribución secundaria es de: S/. 246 559,34 Palabras clave: central fotovoltaica, panel fotovoltaico, inversor, controlador VI ABSTRACT The objective of this professional proficiency test was to design a photovoltaic power plant to supply the La Algodonera farm with electric power in the district of Olmos, in the department of Lambayeque. The type of research was applied since it is going to solve a problem of the society applying the knowledge of engineering. After gathering information and making calculations, the following was obtained: The average electrical energy projected for the La Algodonera farmhouse is: 25 850,40 Wh / day and the maximum demand is: 4703,2 W . The average daily solar radiation was determined considering 03 sources of solar radiation: The solar radiation atlas of Peru obtained a solar radio value of: will consider the average value of 4,75 kWh / m2 / day. METEONORM software obtained a value of 4,84 kWh / m2 / day. A value of 4,72 kWh / m2 / day was obtained from the Solarius Plus software. The lowest of these values was considered for the calculation of the photovoltaic power station, that is, 4,72 kWh / m2 / day. The photovoltaic system will be composed of 32 photovoltaic panels of 320 Wp each, 32 RITAR batteries of 200 Ah, 02 charge regulators 150/100 and 01 inverter of 10,000 W. Giving an installed power of the energy capture system of 10,24 kWp. The electrical conductor that will be used is 2x16 / 25 and 1x16 / 25, which comply with the mechanical and electrical requirements. The total cost of the photovoltaic power plant with the secondary distribution network is: S /. 246 559,34 Keywords: photovoltaic central, photovoltaic panel, inverter, controller VII ÍNDICE DEDICATORIA..................................................................................................IV AGRADECIMIENTO...........................................................................................V RESUMEN ........................................................................................................VI ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................VII ÍNDICE ............................................................................................................VIII ÍNDICE DE TABLAS ..........................................................................................X ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS .......................................................................................XI INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................... 1 PROBLEMA DE INVESTIGACIÓN............................................... 3 Realidad Problemática ............................................................................. 3 Formulación del Problema ....................................................................... 4 Delimitación de la Investigación............................................................... 4 1.3.1. Delimitación espacial ......................................................................... 4 1.3.2. Delimitación temporal ..................................................................... 7 Justificación e Importancia de la Investigación ........................................ 7 Limitaciones de la Investigación............................................................... 8 Objetivos .................................................................................................. 8 1.6.1. Objetivo General ................................................................................ 8 1.6.2. Objetivo Específicos .......................................................................... 8 MARCO TEÓRICO...................................................................... 9 Antecedentes de Estudios ....................................................................... 9 Desarrollo de la temática correspondiente al tema desarrollado ........... 18 2.2.1. Radiación solar ................................................................................ 18 2.2.2. Efecto fotoeléctrico .......................................................................... 19 2.2.3. Huertos o centrales fotovoltaicas ..................................................... 26 Definición conceptual de la terminología empleada. .............................. 54 MARCO METODOLÓGICO...................................................... 61 Tipo y diseño de investigación ............................................................... 61 Población y muestra............................................................................... 61 Hipótesis ................................................................................................ 62 Operacionalización
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