DOCSLIB.ORG

Models and Strategies of the Regional Infocommunication Complex Development

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Models and Strategies of the Regional Infocommunication Complex Development DRAFT VERSION IZHEVSK STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY Albert V. Abilov MODELS AND STRATEGIES OF THE REGIONAL INFOCOMMUNICATION COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT 2007 3 621.395 CONTENTS Abbreviations.........................................................................................................6 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................8 1. WORLD TRENDS OF INFOCOM DEVELOPMENT 1.1. XXIst century – a century of information society.......................................10 Albert V. Аbilov 1.2. Trends of development of present-day info-communication tech- А15 Models and strategies of the regional infocommunication complex nologies ...............................................................................................................15 development. – It’s not published yet (Draft version) 1.2.1. Convergence of info-communication technologies..........................15 1.2.2. Trends of network technology development ....................................20 1.2.3. Evolution of terrestrial mobile radiotelephone systems ..................28 1.2.4. Development of Internet and intelligent communication networks........32 1.3. Development of info-communication services ..........................................36 1.4. State-of-the-art and forecast of world infocomm development ...............38 1.4.1. General alalysis of the state-of-the-art and trends ............................38 1.4.2. Telephone service trends....................................................................41 1.4.3. Cellular mobile service trends ...........................................................45 1.4.4. Personal computer development trends ............................................49 1.4.5. Internet service trends.........................................................................51 1.5. Formation of a new model of info-communication space.........................52 This monograph consoder models, trends and ways of the regional in- focommunication complex development. The regional infocommunica- 2. PRESENT-DAY SITUATION AND WAYS OF INFOCOM tion complex is considered as socio-techical system from system analysis DEVELOPMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION point of view. The performance evaluation of the infocom indicators both 2.1. General description of communication and informatization by counties and Ruissian’s regions is conduted. The state of infocommu- 2.1.1. The branch reform ..............................................................................55 nication complecs in Udmurt Republic (Russia) is analysed. This work re- 2.1.2. The branch state in the world reference system................................60 searches the impact of sosio-economic factors on the ICT development 2.1.3. Categories of communication services and the market structure.........67 and give forecasts for further development of the regional infocommuni- 2.2. State and development of basic telecommunication services ...................72 cation complex. Models and strategies are considered as well. 2.2.1. Unified telecommunication network of the Russian Federation...........72 2.2.2. International, long-distance and local telephony ..............................75 2.2.3. Data communication ..........................................................................80 2.2.5. Mobile radiotelephony .......................................................................82 2.2.4. TV- and radio broadcasting ...............................................................88 2.3. The branch organization structure...............................................................91 2.4. Prospects of the branch development .........................................................96 3. PRESENT-DAY STATE OF INFOCOMMUNICATION NET- © Albert V. Abilov, 2007 WORKS IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC 3.1. Place of the Udmurt Republic in infocommunication space of the Russian Federation ..............................................................................................99 3.2. Structure of infocommunication complex................................................109 3.3. Analysis of key segments of the market of communication service 4 Contents 5 3.3.1. Structure of the market of communication service and tariff 6.2. Analysis of trends and forecasts of the infocommunication complex policy ...........................................................................................................120 in Udmurt Republic (Russia).................................................................................259 3.3.2. International and long-distance telephony ......................................127 6.2.1. The bacical rules and trends of development...................................259 3.3.3. Local telephony ................................................................................131 6.2.2. Forecasting indicators of infocommunication complex devel- 3.3.4. Data communication ........................................................................146 opment till 2012 .................................................................................263 3.3.5. Mobile radiotelephony .....................................................................150 6.2.3. Trends of the customer preferencies.................................................268 3.3.6. Wire sound broadcasting..................................................................163 6.3. Marcovian models for infocommunication complex development ..........272 3.3.7. Television- and radio broadcasting and cable television ...............165 6.4. Research the charachteristics of infocommunication complex in 3.4. Technological and special-purpose communication networks ...............168 Udmurt Republic ..........................................................................................284 3.5. Consumer categories and analysis of demand for communication 6.4.1. Criterial system for level of the infocom infrastructure evaluation ......284 services...............................................................................................................171 6.4.2. The theoretical explanation for impact factors on the infocom 3.6. State of educational, scientific and industrial resources ..........................184 complex development........................................................................294 6.4.3. Impact of economics on the infocom complex in the regions ........297 4. EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL FACTORS IMPACT ON THE 6.5. Place of the infocommunication complex of Udmurt Republic in WORLD INFOCOM INDICATORS Russia......................................................................................................................303 4.1. Statistical influence of external factors........................................................191 4.1.1. Impact GDP factor on infocom indicators .......................................191 7. INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL SYSTEM OF REGIONAL 4.1.2. Impact Education Level factor on infocom indicators ....................197 INFOCOMMUNICATION COMPLEX 4.2. Dynamical influence of external factors......................................................208 7.1. Tools design for information-analytical system ......................................320 4.2.1. Impact GDP factor on infocom indicators .......................................208 7.2. Example of the soft realization..................................................................331 4.2.2. Impact Education Level factor on infocom indicators ....................211 8. STRATEGY OF INFOCOMMUNICATION COMPLEX DEVEL- OPMENT IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC (RUSSIA) 5. FORECAST OF THE WORLD AND RUSSIANS INFOCOM 8.1. Strategic tasks of development..................................................................336 INDICATORS 8.2. Development of telecommunication networks.........................................343 5.1. Forecast methods for infocom indicators and their application.................214 8.2.1. Transport communication networks................................................346 5.2. Rule for saturation level of indicator definition..........................................217 8.2.2. Public telephone networks ...............................................................350 5.3. Impact of external factors evaluation on the saturation of main tele 8.2.3. Public land mobile networks............................................................361 phone lines indicator ...............................................................................................220 8.2.4. Data communication ........................................................................367 5.4. Forecast method design for main telephone lines indicator and its 8.2.5. TV- and sound broadcasting............................................................374 application for Russia ...................................................................................227 8.2.6. Technological communication networks........................................377 5.4.1. Aggregated influation of external factors on the saturation 8.3. Development of educational, scientific and industrial resources of level of main telephone lines indicator.............................................227 the branch...........................................................................................................381 5.4.2. Forecast of main telephone lines indicator for Russia till 2012 year ......229 8.4. Basic measures and stages of conception realization...............................385 6. MODELS OF THE REGIONAL INFOCOMMUNICATION
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Spirit of Discovery
    Foundation «Интеркультура» AFS RUSSIA 2019 THE SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY This handbook belongs to ______________________ From ________________________ Contents Welcome letter ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 3 1. General information about Russia ………………………………………………………………… Page 4 - Geography and Climate ……………………………………………………………………………… Page 4 - History ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Page 5 - Religion ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 6 - Language ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 6 2. AFS Russia ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 7 3. Your life in Russia …………………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 11 - Arrival ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Page 11 - Your host family ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 12 - Your host school …………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 13 - Language course …………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 15 - AFS activities ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. Page 17 * Check yourself, part 1 ………………………………………………………………………………………. Page 18 4. Life in Russia …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Page 20 - General information about Russian Families ………………………………… Page 20 - General information about the School system……………………………… Page 22 - Extracurricular activities …………………………………………………………………………………… Page 24 - Social life …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 25 - Holidays and parties ……………………………………………………………………………………. Page 28 5. Russian peculiarities ………………………………………………………………………………………….. Page 29 6. Organizational matters ………………………………………………………………………………………
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Peasant Letters
    Slavistische Studienbücher. Neue Folge 18 Russian Peasant Letters Texts and Contexts Bearbeitet von Olga T Yokoyama 1. Auflage 2008. Buch. VII, 973 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 447 05653 3 Format (B x L): 17 x 24 cm Weitere Fachgebiete > Literatur, Sprache > Sprachwissenschaften Allgemein Zu Inhaltsverzeichnis schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, eBooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte. Olga T. Yokoyama Russian Peasant Letters Texts and Contexts Part 1 and 2 2008 Harrassowitz Verlag · Wiesbaden ISSN 05835445 ISBN 978-3-447-05653-3 CONTENTS OF VOLUME I Acknowledgements ............................................................................................ vii Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 Guide for the reader ............................................................................................ 9 Chronology of letters and events ........................................................................ 15 Chapter one: Transcribed letter texts .................................................................. 27 Chapter two: Essay A Linguistic features of the texts ................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Politics, Feasts, Festivals SZEGEDI VALLÁSI NÉPRAJZI KÖNYVTÁR BIBLIOTHECA RELIGIONIS POPULARIS SZEGEDIENSIS 36
    POLITICS, FEASTS, FESTIVALS SZEGEDI VALLÁSI NÉPRAJZI KÖNYVTÁR BIBLIOTHECA RELIGIONIS POPULARIS SZEGEDIENSIS 36. SZERKESZTI/REDIGIT: BARNA, GÁBOR MTA-SZTE RESEARCH GROUP FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIOUS CULTURE A VALLÁSI KULTÚRAKUTATÁS KÖNYVEI 4. YEARBOOK OF THE SIEF WORKING GROUP ON THE RITUAL YEAR 9. MTA-SZTEMTA-SZTE VALLÁSIRESEARCH GROUP KULTÚRAKUTATÓ FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIOUS CSOPORT CULTURE POLITICS, FEASTS, FESTIVALS YEARBOOK OF THE SIEF WORKING GROUP ON THE RITUAL YEAR Edited by Gábor BARNA and István POVEDÁK Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology Szeged, 2014 Published with the support of the Hungarian National Research Fund (OTKA) Grant Nk 81502 in co-operation with the MTA-SZTE Research Group for the Study of Religious Culture. Cover: Painting by István Demeter All the language proofreading were made by Cozette Griffin-Kremer, Nancy Cassel McEntire and David Stanley ISBN 978-963-306-254-8 ISSN 1419-1288 (Szegedi Vallási Néprajzi Könyvtár) ISSN 2064-4825 (A Vallási Kultúrakutatás Könyvei ) ISSN 2228-1347 (Yearbook of the SIEF Working Group on the Ritual Year) © The Authors © The Editors All rights reserved Printed in Hungary Innovariant Nyomdaipari Kft., Algyő General manager: György Drágán www.innovariant.hu https://www.facebook.com/Innovariant CONTENTS Foreword .......................................................................................................................... 7 POLITICS AND THE REMEMBraNCE OF THE Past Emily Lyle Modifications to the Festival Calendar in 1600 and 1605 during the Reign of James VI and
    [Show full text]
  • The State of the Spruce Stands of the Boreal and Boreal Subboreal
    Ukrainian Journal of Ecology Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 2020, 10(2), 16-22, doi: 10. 15421/2020_57 RESEARCH ARTICLE The State of the Spruce Stands of the Boreal and Boreal- Subboreal Forests of the Eastern European Plain in the Territory of the Udmurt Republic (Russia) 1* 2 1 3 1 I. L. Bukharina , A. Konopkova , K. E. Vedernikov , O. A. Svetlakova , A. S. Pashkova 1FSBEI HE Udmurt State University, Professor, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Udmurt Republic 2Technical University Zvolen, Slovak Republic, Zvolen 3FSBEI HE Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Udmurt Republic Corresponding author E-mail: bukharina. usu@inbox. ru Received: 09.03.2020. Accepted 09.04.2020 This article presents materials evaluating the dynamics of spruce stands in the zone of coniferous-deciduous forests and the southern taiga zone of the European part of the Russian Federation in the territory of the Udmurt Republic. The analysis of the State Forest Register for the Udmurt Republic showed that the largest reduction in the area of spruce stands was observed in the southern part of the republic. The descriptions of the test areas established in various forestry zones revealed that the spruce stands were characterized by a low density of trees, whereby the absolute completeness of the studied stands varied from 2. 95 to 11. 1 m2/ha. A high content of deadwood was noted, which in volume exceeded the stock of raw-growing forest. The analysis of forest litter on the trial plots showed that most of them were completely decomposed residues or litter, ranging from 44% to 77%; a prevalence of the upper undecomposed layer over the semi-decomposed middle layer was noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Udmurtia. Horizons of Cooperation.Pdf
    UDMURTIA Horizons of Cooperation The whole world is familiar fiber, 8th – in production of pork; or hammer out a nail for a house with the gun maker Mikhail Ka- it is among 5 major regions - fur- with your own hands to have a tra- lashnikov, motor cycles «Izh», the niture producers in Russia and ditional Udmurt wedding, to re- composer Pyotr Tchaikovsky and among 10 major regions of Russia cover physical health with help of the skier Galina Kulakova but as producing dairy and meat prod- unique mud, mineral waters and long as 20 years ago there were ucts. health-giving honey (apiotherapy) few people who were able to as- Acquaintance with future part- and spiritual health – in cathe- sociate them with Udmurtia. Now ners from Udmurtia is related to drals and at sacred springs, to re- it is just a fact in history explained business tourism. Citizens of oth- lieve stresses of the metropolitan by strategic significance of the er countries and regions of Russia city in the patriarchal tranquility Republic in the defense complex when selecting a holiday destina- of villages, to choose an educa- of Russia and its remoteness from tion will not consider our region tional institution for studying. the state borders. as a health resort or touristic cen- Udmurtia is the region of hospi- Business partner highly appre- ter along with London or Paris in table and purposeful people open ciate products manufactured in the first place. for dialogue and cooperation. the Republic and extend relations However, Udmurtia is attrac- with its manufacturers. tive not only as the industrial-in- Udmurtia produces equipment novative or educational center.
    [Show full text]
  • Booklet Elecond.Pdf
    ОАО "Элеконд" является одним из основных производителей и поставщиков на российский рынок и в страны СНГ алюминиевых, ниобиевых и танталовых конденсаторов. Предприятие находится в городе Сарапуле Удмуртской республики, в одном из промышленно развитых районов Западного Урала, Имеет удобное транспортное сообщение. Через г. Сарапул проходит Горьковская железная дорога, есть речной порт. Город связан сетью автомобильных дорог с соседними областными центрами, республиками, аэропортом города Ижевска, Open Joint-Stock Company «ELECOND», a leading Russian manufacturer of aluminum, tantalum and niobium capacitors, supplies its products to RF and CIS markets. The company is situated in Sarapul, Udmurt Republic - an industrially developed region of Western Ural. Sarapul has favorable transport communications: it has a railway station (Gorky railway) and a river port and is connected to neighboring regional centers, republics and airport of Izhevsk via roads, Удмуртская Республика расположена в западной части Среднего Урала между реками Кама и Вятка. На западе и севере она граничит с Кировской областью, на востоке - с Пермской областью, на юге - с Башкортостаном и Татарстаном. Территория Удмуртии занимает площадь 42,1 тыс.кв.км. Столица - город Ижевск. Наиболее древние археологические памятники свидетельствуют о том, что люди на территории Удмуртии появились в эпоху мезолита (8-5 тыс. лет до н.э.). Первые русские поселения появились на р. Вятке в XII-XIII веках. Север Удмуртии стал частью формирующегося Русского государства. К 1557 году после взятия Иваном Грозным Казани завершился процесс присоединения удмуртов к Русскому государству. До Октябрьской революции территория Удмуртии входила в состав Казанской и Вятской губерний. Благодаря своему выгодному геополитическому положению Удмуртия в XX веке превратилась в крупный промышленный центр страны. \VS Сегодня Удмуртская Республика является неотъемлемой составной частью Российской Федерации.
    [Show full text]
  • RCN #33 21/8/03 13:57 Page 1
    RCN #33 21/8/03 13:57 Page 1 No. 33 Summer 2003 Special issue: The Transformation of Protected Areas in Russia A Ten-Year Review PROMOTING BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN RUSSIA AND THROUGHOUT NORTHERN EURASIA RCN #33 21/8/03 13:57 Page 2 CONTENTS CONTENTS Voice from the Wild (Letter from the Editors)......................................1 Ten Years of Teaching and Learning in Bolshaya Kokshaga Zapovednik ...............................................................24 BY WAY OF AN INTRODUCTION The Formation of Regional Associations A Brief History of Modern Russian Nature Reserves..........................2 of Protected Areas........................................................................................................27 A Glossary of Russian Protected Areas...........................................................3 The Growth of Regional Nature Protection: A Case Study from the Orlovskaya Oblast ..............................................29 THE PAST TEN YEARS: Making Friends beyond Boundaries.............................................................30 TRENDS AND CASE STUDIES A Spotlight on Kerzhensky Zapovednik...................................................32 Geographic Development ........................................................................................5 Ecotourism in Protected Areas: Problems and Possibilities......34 Legal Developments in Nature Protection.................................................7 A LOOK TO THE FUTURE Financing Zapovedniks ...........................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • A Necktie for Lawyer Shumkov
    A Necktie for Lawyer Shumkov By Vladimir Voronov Translated by Arch Tait January 2016 This article is published in English by The Henry Jackson Society by arrangement with Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty. The article refects the views of the author and not necessarily those of The Henry Jackson Socity or its staf. A NECKTIE FOR LAWYER SHUMKOV 1 On the evening of Friday, 4 December 2015 the body of 43-yeAr old Dmitry Shumkov wAs discovered in an office in the Federation Tower of the Moscow City business centre. Shumkov’s name became known to the general public only from reports of his deAth. These reports, summArizing the dynamic business life of the deceAsed, reveAled that Mr Shumkov wAs A dollAr billionaire; co-owner of the Olympic Sports Complex in Moscow; co-owner of the Norilsk-1 mines; co-owner of A complex of buildings AdjAcent to the Kremlin on VArvarka Street And Kitai- Gorod Drive; owner of a “Centre for Network Impact Technology”, which is one of the top five Internet traffic regulators; And, owner of A mAjority holding in the Moscow Internet eXchange” (MSK-IX) hub, which serves 60% of Russian Internet trAffic, And of NGENIX, the mArket leAder in services providing content. The successes of the deceAsed were not confined to business. He wAs one of the top ten Russian lawyers, A Doctor of Laws, Professor of Public Administration And Legal Support of State And Municipal Services of the Russian Presidential AcAdemy of NAtionAl Economy and Public Service, Academic Director of the Institute of Energy Law At the Kutafin Moscow State Law University, A member of the Presidium of the Russian Law Society And ChairmAn of the BoArd of the Russian NAtionAl Centre for Legal InitiAtives.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification of Urban Habitats of Towns of the Udmurt Republic (Russia)
    Plants in Urban Areas and Landscape Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering DOI 10.15414/2014.9788055212623.105–107 CLASSIFICATION OF URBAN HABITATS OF TOWNS OF THE UDMURT REPUBLIC (RUSSIA) Ekaterina N. ZYANKINA, Olga G. BARANOVA* Udmurt State University, Russia The purpose of this study is to discover the species composition of urban floras through studying and comparing certain partial floras. The object of our research is flora of small towns in Udmurtia. We have developed methodological approaches for analysis of different urban habitats. These approaches are significant for identifying of plants species composition in cities. This study is based on the method of partial floras. The term “partial flora” is understood in the interpretation of Boris A. Yurtsev. This method is widely used in Russia (Yurtsev, 1982). We’ve created the classification of habitats groups based on examination of cartographic material, aerial and satellite photography, primary analysis of the flora habitats. We have distinguished two types, 16 classes and 43 habitats kinds. The Type of natural and semi-natural habitats with little disturbance of vegetation is divided into 7 classes of habitats: meadow, forest, forest-steppe, swamp, water, coastal, naturally bare habitats. The type of anthropogenically – transformed habitats includes 9 classes: communicationly-tape, erosion, slotted, agricultural, water, artificial tree plantation, landfills, landscape gardenings, cemeteries Preliminary lists of kinds of partial flora habitats are made. Both native and alien species of plants are allocated there. Alien flora fraction was divided into groups according to the degree of danger for biodiversity. Typical species were pointed out for all habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • DEPARTURE CITY CITY DELIVERY Region Terms of Delivery
    DEPARTURE Terms of delivery COST OF CITY DELIVERY Region CITY (working days) DELIVERY Moscow VIP - in Yekaterinburg Sverdlovsk 1 845 Moscow VIP - by Kazan Rep. Tatarstan 1 845 Moscow VIP - on Kaliningrad Kaliningrad 1-2 845 Moscow VIP - in Krasnodar Krasnodar region 1 845 Moscow VIP - around Krasnoyarsk (unless in Krasnoyarsk) Krasnoyarsk region 1 1420 Moscow VIP - Moscow Moscow 1 1420 Moscow VIP - in Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod 1 845 Moscow VIP - in Novosibirsk Novosibirsk 1 1420 Moscow VIP - for Perm Perm 1 845 Moscow VIP - to Rostov-on-Don Rostov 1 845 Moscow VIP - by Samara Samara 1 845 Moscow VIP - in St. Petersburg Leningrad 1 1420 Moscow VIP - of Ufa Rep. Bashkiria 1 845 Moscow A.Kosmodemyanskogo village (Kaliningrad) Kaliningrad 2-3 550 Moscow Ababurovo (Leninsky district, Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Abaza (Resp. Khakassia) Khakassia 6-7 1645 Moscow Abakan (rep. Khakassia) Khakassia 3-4 1180 Moscow Abbakumova (Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Abdreevo (Ulyanovsk region.) Ulyanovsk 3-4 1300 Moscow Abdullno (Orenburg region). Orenburg 4-5 1060 Moscow Abdulov (Ulyanovsk region.) Ulyanovsk 3-4 1300 Moscow Abinsk (Krasnodar) Krasnodar region 3-6 1300 Moscow Abramovka (Ulyanovsk region.) Ulyanovsk 3-4 1300 Moscow Abramtsevo (Balashikha district, Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Abrau Djurso (Krasnodar) Krasnodar region 3-5 1060 Moscow Avdon (rep. Bashkortostan) Bashkortostan 4 630 Moscow Aviators (Balashikha district, Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Autorange (Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Agalatovo (Len.oblasti) Leningrad 4 1060 Moscow Ageevka (Orel). Oryol 2-3 930 Moscow Aghidel (rep.
    [Show full text]
  • Agrarian Technologies in Russia in the Late XIX - Early XX Centuries: Traditions and Innovations (Basing on the Materials of Vyatka Province)
    ISSN 0798 1015 HOME Revista ESPACIOS ! ÍNDICES ! A LOS AUTORES ! Vol. 38 (Nº 52) Year 2017. Page 32 Agrarian technologies in Russia in the late XIX - early XX centuries: traditions and innovations (basing on the materials of Vyatka province) Tecnologías agrarias en Rusia a finales del siglo XIX-principios del XX: tradiciones e innovaciones (basándose en los materiales de la provincia de Vyatka) Alexey IVANOV 1; Anany IVANOV 2; Alexey OSHAYEV 3; Anatoly SOLOVIEV 4; Aleksander FILONOV 5 Received: 09/10/2017 • Approved: 21/10/2017 Content 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 3. Results 4. Conclusions Bibliographic references ABSTRACT: RESUMEN: Basing on a wide range of published and unpublished Basándose en una amplia gama de fuentes publicadas e sources the article examines the historical experience of inéditas, el artículo examina la experiencia histórica de introducing and disseminating new technologies of la introducción y difusión de nuevas tecnologías de agricultural production in the peasant economy of producción agrícola en la economía campesina de la Vyatka province in the late 19th and early 20th provincia de Vyatka a fines del siglo XIX y principios del centuries when the most important changes took place XX, cuando se produjeron los cambios más importantes in the agriculture of Russia. The most notable en la agricultura de Rusia. El fenómeno más notable phenomenon for the agricultural province was the para la provincia agrícola fue la introducción de una introduction of a multi-field (grass-field) crop rotation in rotación de cultivos
    [Show full text]
  • 'Ust'-Belsk' Natural Park and Its Vicinities Материалы К Фаун
    Arthropoda Selecta 23(3): 301–310 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2014 On the spider fauna (Arachnida: Aranei) of the ‘Ust’-Belsk’ Natural Park and its vicinities Ìàòåðèàëû ê ôàóíå ïàóêîâ (Arachnida: Aranei) ïðèðîäíîãî ïàðêà “Óñòü-Áåëüñê” è åãî îêðåñòíîñòåé A.N. Sozontov1,2, S.L. Esyunin3 À.Í. Ñîçîíòîâ1,2, Ñ.Ë. Åñþíèí3 1 Department of Ecology of Animals, Udmurt State University, Universitetskaya Street 1/1, Izhevsk 426034 Russia. Кафедра экологии животных, Удмуртский государственный университет, ул. Университетская, 1/1, Ижевск 426034 Россия. 2 State Zoo of Udmurtia, Kirova Street 8, Izhevsk 426033 Russia. БУК УР “Зоопарк Удмуртии”, ул. Кирова, 8, Ижевск 426033 Россия. 3 Department of Zoology, Perm State University, Bukireva Street 15, Perm 614600 Russia. Кафедра зоологии беспозвоночных животных, Пермский государственный университет, ул. Букирева 15, Пермь 614600 Россия. KEY WORDS: spider, fauna, Udmurtia, ‘Ust’-Belsk’ Natural Park. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: пауки, фауна, Удмуртия, природный парк “Усть-Бельск”. ABSTRACT. A list of 160 spider species of 20 To date, no special arachnological studies have been families collected from the ‘Ust’-Belsk’ Natural Park done in Karakulino District. The record of Eresus kol- and its neighbouring area (Karakulino District, Udmurt lari Rossi, 1846 from Bima River [Zubko, 2001] needs Republic) is provided. Two spider families, Hahniidae confirmation [Sozontov, Dedyukhin, 2012]. In 2011– and Mimetidae, and 45 species are reported from Ud- 2012, we collected about 2000 spider specimens be- murtia for the first time. Faunistic records and habitat longing to160 species, of which 45 species are new to preferences for all species and data on distribution of the fauna of Udmurtia; in the following list these spe- the newly recorded ones are provided.
    [Show full text]