Letters to Political Prisoners in Belarus
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Romanian Political Science Review Vol. XXI, No. 1 2021
Romanian Political Science Review vol. XXI, no. 1 2021 The end of the Cold War, and the extinction of communism both as an ideology and a practice of government, not only have made possible an unparalleled experiment in building a democratic order in Central and Eastern Europe, but have opened up a most extraordinary intellectual opportunity: to understand, compare and eventually appraise what had previously been neither understandable nor comparable. Studia Politica. Romanian Political Science Review was established in the realization that the problems and concerns of both new and old democracies are beginning to converge. The journal fosters the work of the first generations of Romanian political scientists permeated by a sense of critical engagement with European and American intellectual and political traditions that inspired and explained the modern notions of democracy, pluralism, political liberty, individual freedom, and civil rights. Believing that ideas do matter, the Editors share a common commitment as intellectuals and scholars to try to shed light on the major political problems facing Romania, a country that has recently undergone unprecedented political and social changes. They think of Studia Politica. Romanian Political Science Review as a challenge and a mandate to be involved in scholarly issues of fundamental importance, related not only to the democratization of Romanian polity and politics, to the “great transformation” that is taking place in Central and Eastern Europe, but also to the make-over of the assumptions and prospects of their discipline. They hope to be joined in by those scholars in other countries who feel that the demise of communism calls for a new political science able to reassess the very foundations of democratic ideals and procedures. -
En En Amendments 1
European Parliament 2019-2024 Committee on Foreign Affairs 2020/2081(INI) 2.9.2020 AMENDMENTS 1 - 388 Draft report Petras Auštrevičius (PE652.398v01-00) Proposal for a Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice- President of the Commission/High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on relations with Belarus (2020/2081(INI)) AM\1212303EN.docx PE657.166v01-00 EN United in diversityEN AM_Com_NonLegReport PE657.166v01-00 2/171 AM\1212303EN.docx EN Amendment 1 Viola Von Cramon-Taubadel on behalf of the Greens/EFA Group Motion for a resolution Citation 2 Motion for a resolution Amendment — having regard to the Council — having regard to the Council conclusions on Belarus of 15 February conclusions on Belarus of 15 February 2016, 2016 and the main outcomes of the video conference of Foreign Affairs Ministers of 14 August 2020, Or. en Amendment 2 Viola Von Cramon-Taubadel on behalf of the Greens/EFA Group Motion for a resolution Citation 2 a (new) Motion for a resolution Amendment — having regard to the Conclusions by the President of the European Council following the video conference of the members of the European Council on 19 August 2020, Or. en Amendment 3 Attila Ara-Kovács Motion for a resolution Citation 4 Motion for a resolution Amendment — having regard to the Joint — having regard to the Joint Declarations of the Eastern Partnership Declarations of the Eastern Partnership Summits of 2009 in Prague, 2011 in Summits of 2009 in Prague, 2011 in Warsaw, 2013 in Vilnius, 2015 in Riga and Warsaw, 2013 in Vilnius, 2015 in Riga, 2017 in Brussels, 2017 in Brussels and Eastern Partnership leaders' video conference in 2020, AM\1212303EN.docx 3/171 PE657.166v01-00 EN Or. -
Protecting Democracy During COVID-19 in Europe and Eurasia and the Democratic Awakening in Belarus Testimony by Douglas Rutzen
Protecting Democracy During COVID-19 in Europe and Eurasia and the Democratic Awakening in Belarus Testimony by Douglas Rutzen President and CEO International Center for Not-for-Profit Law House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Europe, Eurasia, Energy, and the Environment September 10, 2020 In April, Alexander Lukashenko declared that no one in Belarus would die of coronavirus.1 To allay concerns, he advised Belarussians to drink vodka, go to saunas, and drive tractors.2 In Hungary, Orban took a different approach. He admitted there was COVID-19, and he used this as an excuse to construct a legal framework allowing him to rule by decree.3 Meanwhile, China is using the pandemic to project its political influence. When a plane carrying medical aid landed in Belgrade, the Serbian President greeted the plane and kissed the Chinese flag. Billboards soon appeared in Belgrade, with Xi Jinping’s photo and the words “Thanks, Brother Xi” written in Serbian and Chinese.4 COVID-19 is not the root cause of Lukashenko’s deceit, Orban’s power grab, or China’s projection of political influence. But the pandemic exposed – and in some countries, exacerbated – underlying challenges to democracy. In my testimony, I will summarize pre-existing challenges to democracy. Second, I will examine how COVID-19 combined with pre-existing conditions to accelerate democratic decline in Europe and Eurasia. Third, I will share attributes of authoritarian and democratic responses to the pandemic. I will conclude with recommendations. Pre-Existing Challenges to Democracy According to Freedom House, 2019 marked the 14th year of decline in democracy around the world.5 The “democratic depression” is particularly acute in Eurasia, where the rule of law and freedom of expression declined more than in any other region.6 Indeed, Freedom House classifies zero countries in Eurasia as “free.” ICNL specializes in the legal framework for civil society, particularly the freedoms of association, peaceful assembly, and expression. -
Download Book
84 823 65 Special thanks to the Independent Institute of Socio-Economic and Political Studies for assistance in getting access to archival data. The author also expresses sincere thanks to the International Consortium "EuroBelarus" and the Belarusian Association of Journalists for information support in preparing this book. Photos by ByMedia.Net and from family albums. Aliaksandr Tamkovich Contemporary History in Faces / Aliaksandr Tamkovich. — 2014. — ... pages. The book contains political essays about people who are well known in Belarus and abroad and who had the most direct relevance to the contemporary history of Belarus over the last 15 to 20 years. The author not only recalls some biographical data but also analyses the role of each of them in the development of Belarus. And there is another very important point. The articles collected in this book were written at different times, so today some changes can be introduced to dates, facts and opinions but the author did not do this INTENTIONALLY. People are not less interested in what we thought yesterday than in what we think today. Information and Op-Ed Publication 84 823 © Aliaksandr Tamkovich, 2014 AUTHOR’S PROLOGUE Probably, it is already known to many of those who talked to the author "on tape" but I will reiterate this idea. I have two encyclopedias on my bookshelves. One was published before 1995 when many people were not in the position yet to take their place in the contemporary history of Belarus. The other one was made recently. The fi rst book was very modest and the second book was printed on classy coated paper and richly decorated with photos. -
Belarusian Opposition Presidential Candidate Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya
Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Today my country, Belarus, is in turmoil. Peaceful protesters are being illegally detained, beaten, and imprisoned. The protests themselves started after a cynical and blatant attempt by Mr. Lukashenko to steal the votes of the people. The demands of the nation are simple: immediate termination of violence and threats by the regime, immediate release of all political prisoners, and free and fair election. There is only one obstacle to these demands being met. This obstacle is Mr. Lukashenko, a man desperately clinging onto power and refusing to listen to his people and his own state officials. A nation can not and should not be a hostage to one man's thirst for power. And it won't. Belarusians have woken up. The point of no return has passed. This is manifested by now daily demonstrations of hundreds of thousands all across Belarus, despite police brutality and blatant disregard for Belarusian laws and international norms. This is manifested by the strikes across the largest factories and state-owned companies in Belarus, despite intimidation and in some cases unlawful layoffs. This is manifested by all the strata of our society and all the political spectrum demanding the one and the same thing. The regime of Alexander Lukashenko is morally bankrupt, legally questionable and simply untenable in the eyes of our nation. The United Nations was created as a formal body of the whole international community in order to promote and encourage respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all. In 1945 Belarus was one of the founding members of the United Nations. -
Review–Chronicle
REVIEWCHRONICLE of the human rights violations in Belarus in 2005 Human Rights Center Viasna ReviewChronicle » of the Human Rights Violations in Belarus in 2005 VIASNA « Human Rights Center Minsk 2006 1 REVIEWCHRONICLE of the human rights violations in Belarus in 2005 » VIASNA « Human Rights Center 2 Human Rights Center Viasna, 2006 REVIEWCHRONICLE of the human rights violations in Belarus in 2005 INTRODUCTION: main trends and generalizations The year of 2005 was marked by a considerable aggravation of the general situation in the field of human rights in Belarus. It was not only political rights » that were violated but social, economic and cultural rights as well. These viola- tions are constant and conditioned by the authoritys voluntary policy, with Lu- kashenka at its head. At the same time, human rights violations are not merely VIASNA a side-effect of the authoritarian state control; they are deliberately used as a « means of eradicating political opponents and creating an atmosphere of intimi- dation in the society. The negative dynamics is characterized by the growth of the number of victims of human rights violations and discrimination. Under these circums- tances, with a high level of latent violations and concealed facts, with great obstacles to human rights activity and overall fear in the society, the growth points to drastic stiffening of the regimes methods. Apart from the growing number of registered violations, one should men- Human Rights Center tion the increase of their new forms, caused in most cases by the development of the state oppressive machine, the expansion of legal restrictions and ad- ministrative control over social life and individuals. -
As Over 600 Protesters Nabbed by Police
08 Tuesday, September 8, 2020 Europe / Americas Georgia hosts major drills with NATO forces UK police arrest man over Birmingham Harry refunds house refurb bill from VAZIANI: Georgia on Monday launched large-scale joint military mass stabbings Netflix deal exercises with NATO forces as part of its longstanding bid to join the LONDON: A 27-year-old man has been arrested in connection LONDON: Prince Harry has paid back £2.4 million ($3.2 News alliance, which has angered Tbilisi’s Soviet-era master Russia. Some with the mass stabbings in Britain’s second city Birmingham million) of British taxpayers’ money used to renovate his 2,800 troops from the United States, France, Britain, and Poland will that left one person dead and two critically wounded, police home at Windsor Castle, using cash from his recent Netflix in brief take part in the Noble Partner 2020 exercises held at the Vaziani and said on Monday. The man was held on suspicion of murder and deal, his spokesman said on Monday. The Duke of Sussex, Camp Norio training centres near Tbilisi. Georgia’s Prime Minister seven attempted murders that were carried out after midnight as he is formally known, and his wife, American former ac- Giorgi Gakharia said the drills are “the most important component of Saturday, West Midlands Police said. The suspect was detained tress Meghan Markle, retired from royal duties earlier this efforts to make Georgia’s Euro-Atlantic integration achievable”. (AFP) in the Selly Oak area at around 4.00am (0300 GMT). (AFP) year in a quest for “financial independence”.(AFP) Spain surpasses 500,000 virus cases: Health ministry AFP This gives Spain a per-cap- During the past two weeks deaths a day were reported, as to send their children to class. -
The 2009 Czech EU Presidency: Contested Leadership at a Time of Crisis David Král, Vladimír Bartovic and Vˇera Rˇ Iháˇcková
2009:2op David Král, Vladimír Bartovic and Vˇera Rˇ iháˇcková The 2009 Czech EU Presidency: Contested Leadership at a Time of Crisis David Král, Vladimír Bartovic and Vˇera Rˇ iháˇcková The 2009 Czech EU Presidency: Contested Leadership at a Time of Crisis – SIEPS 2009:2op – SIEPS 2009:2op May/2009 Publisher: Swedish Institute for European Policy Studies The report is available at www.sieps.se The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and are not necessarily shared by SIEPS. Cover: Svensk Information AB Print: EO Grafiska AB Stockholm, May 2009 ISSN 1651-8071 ISBN 91-85129-78-X PREFACE The Czech Presidency of the European Union (EU) in the first half of 2009 coincided with a number of events that posed great challenges to Czech leadership abilities. Being the second country to hold the presidency out of the three that make up the Trio, the Czech Republic had a hard act to follow after the decisively active French Presidency dominated by its determined President, Nicholas Sarkozy. If such were the concerns of the Czech Presidency when it took over at the helm of the EU in January 2009, it would soon become clear that the prevailing tension in the domestic political context in the Czech Republic would pose an even larger chal- lenge to the presidency and eventually bring the sitting government to fall mid-way through the six month period. As in previous presidencies, the Czech government had to face a number of external challenges. In January, the in-coming presidency had to deal with three hot dossiers: the gas crisis sparked off by a dispute between Ukraine and Russia; the flaring up of hostilities in the Gaza Strip; and the handling of the worst economic and financial crisis since the Great Depression in the 1930s. -
En En Motion for a Resolution
European Parliament 2019-2024 Plenary sitting B9-0274/2020 14.9.2020 MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION to wind up the debate on the statement by the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy pursuant to Rule 132(2) of the Rules of Procedure on the situation in Belarus (2020/2779(RSP)) Kati Piri, Tonino Picula, Norbert Neuser, Robert Biedroń on behalf of the S&D Group RE\1213222EN.docx PE655.465v01-00 EN United in diversityEN B9-0274/2020 European Parliament resolution on the situation in Belarus (2020/2779(RSP)) The European Parliament, – having regard to its previous resolutions on Belarus, in particular those of 4 October 2018 on the deterioration of media freedom1, of 19 April 2018 on Belarus following the local elections of 18 February 20182, of 24 November 2016 on the situation in Belarus following the parliamentary elections of 11 September 20163 and of 8 October 2015 on the death penalty in Belarus4, – having regard to the Conclusions by the President of the European Council following the video conference of the members of the European Council of 19 August 2020, – having regard to the declarations by the High Representative on behalf of the European Union of 11 August 2020 on the presidential elections and of 11 September 2020 on the escalation of violence and intimidation against members of the Coordination Council, – having regard to the statements by the High Representative/Vice-President, in particular those of 7 August 2020 ahead of the presidential elections and of 14 -
SITUATION of HUMAN RIGHTS in BELARUS in 2014
Human Rights Centre “Viasna” SITUATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS in BELARUS in 2014 REVIEW-CHRONICLE Minsk, 2015 SITUATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN BELARUS in 2014 REVIEW-CHRONICLE Author and compiler: Tatsiana Reviaka Editor and author of the foreword: Valiantsin Stefanovich The edition was prepared on the basis of reviews of human rights violations in Belarus published every month in 2014. Each of the monthly reviews includes an analysis of the most important events infl uencing the observance of human rights and outlines the most eloquent and characteristic facts of human rights abuses registered over the described period. The review was prepared on the basis of personal appeals of victims of human rights abuses and the facts which were either registered by human rights activists or reported by open informational sources. The book features photos from the archive of the Human Rights Center “Viasna”, as well as from publications on the websites of Radio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty Belarus service, the Nasha Niva newspaper, tv.lrytas.lt, baj.by, gazetaby.com, and taken by Franak Viachorka and Siarhei Hudzilin. Human Rights Situation in 2014: Trends and Evaluation The situation of human rights during 2014 remained consistently poor with a tendency to deterioration at the end of the year. Human rights violations were of both systemic and systematic nature: basic civil and political rights were extremely restricted, there were no systemic changes in the fi eld of human rights (at the legislative level and (or) at the level of practices). The only positive development during the year was the early release of Ales Bialiatski, Chairman of the Human Rights Centre “Viasna” and Vice-President of the International Federation for Human Rights. -
Review-Chronicle of Human Rights Violations in Belarus in 2008
1 Human Rights Center ‘Viasna’ Review-Chronicle of human rights violations in Belarus in 2008 Minsk 2009 2 Прага вясны Review-Chronicle of human rights violations in Belarus in 2008 The book was prepared on the basis of the short reviews of the human rights situation in Belarus for each month of 2008. It begins with the gener- al analysis of the civil and political situation in the country for the reporting time. The book describes important events and the reaction of the internation- al community to them. Then there are presented some concrete facts of hu- man rights violations by which one can trace back a certain history of struggle of representatives of the Belarusian democratic community for human rights and fundamental freedoms. Among the main violations there are politically motivated criminal and administrative persecution, trampling upon the free- dom of expression, prohibition of peaceful assemblies and denial of the right to association. The book includes photos from the web resources photo.bymedia.net, nn.by, charter97.org, spring96.org. ISBN 15-26496-006-P 3 Contents Review-Chronicle of Human Rights Violations in Belarus in January 2008 ....................................................................................6 Administrative punishment of participants of peaceful protest actions ......... 8 Politically motivated criminal cases .................................................................. 9 Torture and other kinds of violent and inhuman treatment .......................... 11 Freedom of expression and the right -
Belarusians' Views on the Political Crisis
Belarusians’ views on the political crisis Results of a public opinion poll conducted between 14 and 20 January 2021 Notes on methodology We surveyed a total of 926 respondents between 14 and 20 January 2021. Our sample’s composition corresponds to the general structure of Belarus's urban population in terms of gender, age, and the size of respondents’ town of residence. The poll was conducted using the Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method, which in practice means that it was limited to internet users. Although various sources claim that only 75–82 percent of the population of Belarus use the web, internet users do remain more economically and socially active. Therefore, despite the fact that our sample has been weighted to accurately reflect the make-up of Belarusian society, it is possible that support for Lukashenka and his policies may be slightly higher than this poll indicates, as Lukashenka's supporters tend to be less socially and economically active than his detractors. We selected the CAWI method because the repressive nature of Belarusian legislation, as well additional risks faced by the researchers who collaborated for this study, make face-to-face interviews impossible. The statistical margin of error of our sample of 926 people (with a 95 percent confidence level) does not exceed 3.22%. All answers of all respondents are available as a SAV file. Chatham House | The Royal Institute of International Affairs 2 QUESTION 1 Did you vote for in the Belarusian presidential elections in August 2020? 23.2% Yes No 76.8% Chatham