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Analisis Struktural Dalam Novel “All She Was Worth

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ANALISIS STRUKTURAL DALAM NOVEL “ALL SHE WAS WORTH (MELACAK JEJAK)” KARYA MIYUKI MIYABE SKRIPSI Skripsi ini diajukan kepada panitia ujian Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan untuk melengkapi salah satu syarat ujian Sarjana dalam Bidang Ilmu Sastra Jepang Oleh: GUS SUKIWA WICAKSONO NIM : 130708082 PROGRAM STUDI SASTRA JEPANG FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 i Universitas Sumatera Utara ANALISIS STRUKTURAL DALAM NOVEL “ALL SHE WAS WORTH (MELACAK JEJAK)” KARYA MIYUKI MIYABE SKRIPSI Skripsi ini diajukan kepada panitia ujian Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan untuk melengkapi salah satu syarat ujian Sarjana dalam Bidang Ilmu Sastra Jepang OLEH: GUS SUKIWA WICAKSONO NIM : 130708082 Pembimbing Zulnaidi S.S, M.Hum NIP. 19670807 200401 1 001 PROGRAM STUDI SASTRA JEPANG FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 ii Universitas Sumatera Utara Disetujui Oleh : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Medan, 29 Juli 2019 Program Studi Sastra Jepang Ketua, Prof.Hamzon Situmorang, MS.,Ph.D NIP. 19580704 1984 12 1 001 iii Universitas Sumatera Utara PENGESAHAN Diterima Oleh : Panitia Ujian Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Untuk Melengkapi Salah Satu Syarat Ujian Sarjana Dalam Bidang Ilmu Sastra Jepang Pada Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Pada : Pukul 13.30 WIB Tanggal : 29 Juli 2019 Hari : Senin Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Dekan, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001 Panitia Ujian : No. Nama Tanda Tangan 1. Zulnaidi, SS.,M.Hum. (...........................) 2. Prof. Hamzon Situmorang, M.S, Ph.D (...........................) 3. Adriana Hasibuan, S.S., M.Hum (...........................) iv Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdulillahi Rabbil ‗alamin, segala puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan atas kehadirat ALLAH SWT, yang telah memberikan rahmat beserta karunianya kepada penulis sehingga dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Skripsi ini berjudul ―Analisis Struktural Novel All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak) Karya Miyuki Miyabe‖, disusun untuk memenuhi persyaratan dalam memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan Program Studi Sastra Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. Dalam proses pengerjaan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari masih banyak kekurangan, dan kesalahan di berbagai sisi baik itu dalam hal tulisan, tata bahasa maupun proses analisisnya yang terdapat didalamnya. Oleh karena itu, Penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun dari berbagai pihak demi skripsi ini sehingga skripsi ini lebih bermanfaat dan lebih sempurna kedepannya. Dalam pelaksanaan penyelesaian studi dan skripsi ini, penulis banyak menerima bantuan dan bimbingan moril maupun materil dari berbagai pihak. Untuk itu pada kesempatan kali ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih, penghargaan, dan penghormatan yang sebesar-besarnya kepada: 1. Bapak Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2. Bapak Prof. Hamzon Situmorang, M.S., Ph.D selaku Ketua Program Studi Sastra Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 3. Bapak Zulnaidi S.S, M.Hum, selaku pembimbing yang telah meluangkan waktu, tenaga, dan pemikiran dalam memberikan saran-saran serta v Universitas Sumatera Utara memberi perhatian penuh untuk membimbing penulis dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 4. Dosen Penguji Ujian Skripsi yang telah menyediakan waktu membaca dan menguji skripsi. Tak lupa pula penulis sampaikan kepada seluruh Staf Pengajar Program Studi Sastra Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah mendidik penulis selama duduk di bangku perkuliahan. 5. Terima Kasih yang sebesar-besarnya penulis ucapkan kepada Ibunda tercinta Agusnawati dan Ayahanda tersayang Sukirno yang telah membesarkan dan selalu mendukung, mendorong, memberikan nasehat, dan memotivasi penulis untuk menyelasaikan skripsi ini. Untuk adik-adik Ku atas doa-doanya serta semua bantuan yang telah diterima selama kuliah juga serta seluruh keluarga besar lainnya yang tak dapat penulis ucapkan satu persatu. 6. Untuk sahabat tersayang Julfi Ardhi Syahrian, Junius Ivan Buci, Dewi Vidya Mentari, Nidia Fahrani dan M.Brawijaya yang telah membantu dan memberikan dorongan semangat yang tiada hentinya serta doa-doanya kepada penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Untuk adik senior tersayang Putri Amelia Harahap yang selalu menyemangati dan membantu penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Dan seluruh teman-teman angkatan 2013 Sastra Jepang yang namanya tak dapat disebut satu persatu. Terima kasih untuk kebersamaannya baik suka maupun duka dalam berjuang kurang lebih 4 tahun ini. Senang bisa belajar bersama kalian dan mengenal satu sama lain. vi Universitas Sumatera Utara Akhir kata, semoga skripsi ini nantinya dapat berguna dan bermanfaat bagi pembaca dan pengguna skripsi ini khususnya mahasiswa Sastra Jepang lainnya. Penulis menyadari bahwa tulisan ilmiah ini masih banyak terdapat kekurangan, oleh karena itu penulis mohon maaf yang sebesar-besarnya. Penulis berharap dengan membaca skripsi ini akan menumbuhkan minat membaca khususnya membaca karya sastra lainnya. Medan, 29 Juli 2019 Penulis, GUS SUKIWA WICAKSONO NIM : 130708082 vii Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... i DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ iv BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................................... 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah .......................................................................... 5 1.3 Ruang Lingkup Pembahasan............................................................. 7 1.4 Tinjauan Pustaka dan Kerangka Teori .............................................. 8 1.5 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................... 11 1.6 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................ 12 BAB II TINJAUAN UMUM TERHADAP NOVEL DALAM PENDEKATAN STRUKTURAL DAN BIOGRAFI PENGARANG 2.1. Pengertian Novel .............................................................................. 14 2.2. Unsur Pembangun Novel ................................................................. 15 2.2.1. Unsur Intrinsik ....................................................................... 16 2.2.2. Unsur Ekstrinsik..................................................................... 25 2.3. Defenisi Pendekatan Objektif atau Struktural dalam Kajian Sastra 25 2.4. Biografi Pengarang .......................................................................... 27 viii Universitas Sumatera Utara BAB III ANALISIS STRUKTURAL DALAM NOVEL “ALL SHE WAS WORTH” KARYA MIYUKI MIYABE 3.1 Sinopsis Cerita .................................................................................. 31 3.2 Analisis Cerita Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ ............................................................................. 35 3.2.1 Analisis Tema dalam Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ ..................................................................... 35 3.2.2 Analisis Alur dalam Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ ..................................................................... 40 3.2.3 Analisis Penokohan dalam Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ ..................................................................... 44 3.2.4 Analisis Latar dalam Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ ..................................................................... 61 3.2.5 Analisis Sudut pandang dalam Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ ..................................................................... 64 3.2.6 Analisis Amanat dalam Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ ..................................................................... 66 3.3 Analisis Keterkaitan Antara Tema, Penokohan, Alur, Latar, Sudut Pandang dan Amanat Cerita yang Mendasari Struktur Cerita yang Utuh Dalam Novel ―All She Was Worth (Melacak Jejak)‖ Karya Miyuki Miyabe ......................................................... 69 ix Universitas Sumatera Utara BAB IV KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 4.1. Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 74 4.2. Saran ................................................................................................ 77 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ABSTRAK x Universitas Sumatera Utara BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah Sastra (Sanskerta: shastra) merupakan kata serapan dari bahasa Sanskerta ‗Sastra‘, yang berarti ―teks yang mengandung instruksi‖ atau ―pedoman‖, dari kata dasar ‗Sas‘ yang berarti ―instruksi‖ atau ―ajaran‖ dan ‗Tra‘ yang berarti ―alat‖ atau ―sarana‖. Dalam bahasa Indonesia kata ini biasa digunakan untuk merujuk kepada ―kesusastraan‖ atau sebuah jenis tulisan yang memiliki arti atau keindahan tertentu. Sangidu dalam Wicaksono (2014:1) menyatakan bahwa sastra adalah bagian dari masyarakat, kenyataan yang demikian mengilhami para pengarang untuk melibatkan dirinya dalam tata kehidupan masyarakat tempat mereka berada dan mencoba memperjuangkan posisi struktur sosial dan permasalahan yang dihadapi di masyarakat. Suatu hasil karya sastra dapat dikatakan memiliki nilai sastra apabila didalamnya terdapat kesepadanan antara bentuk dan isinya. Bentuk bahasanya baik dan indah, dan susunannya beserta isinya dapat menimbulkan perasaan haru dan kagum dihati pembacanya. Karya sastra
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