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Simone Weil:La REVISTA PLÉYADE N°4 / WWW.CAIP.CL / SEGUNDO SEMESTRE 2009 R E V I S T A P L É Y A D E AÑO II / NÚMERO 4 Presentación CAIP iii Nota del editor viii SUMARIO ALEJANDRO FIELBAUM S. Imitación y política en Maquiavelo 1 SEBASTIÁN CONTRERAS AGUIRRE Sobre la naturaleza del derecho y el derecho por naturaleza. La política aristotélica ante la justicia natural 19 CONSTANZA SERRATORE Simone Weil: la “Malheur” y el “Arraigo” dos conceptos para leer el presente 36 VALERIA CAMPOS SALVATERRA Los derechos del otro. Un proyecto de refundamentación de los derechos humanos desde la filosofía de Emmanuel Levinas 68 JULIA HONKASALO La actual crisis de los derechos humanos a la luz del pensamiento de Hannah Arendt 91 L FELIPE ALARCÓN Nacionalización de la sociedad, creación del inmigrante 118 HENRY RENNA GALLANO Una politología para la resistencia 145 SERGIO FERNÁNDEZ RIQUELME La “solución corporativa”. El derecho político ante el pluralismo Social en la era de entreguerras (1919-1945) 155 REVISTA PLÉYADE Nº4 PAULA LEKANDA LABAN El conflicto territorial entre ecuador y perú por el Río del Cenepa (1995): entre una mediación fallida y otra exitosa 184 PATRICIO MORALES F. Metodología de alerta temprana para el análisis de riesgo político de inversión conflictos, amenazas y toma de decisión empresarial en tiempos de crisis 210 MARCO COLINA B. Mª GABRIELA HOFFMANN R. Participación ciudadana a través de los presupuestos participativos: contribuyendo hacia una nueva relación estado-sociedad 242 ENTREVISTA Republicanismo y teoría del gobierno Philip Pettit entrevistado por Miguel Vatter 273 ANUARIO 2009 227 ii CENTRO DE ANÁLISIS E INVESTIGACIÓN POLÍTICA C A I P En enero del 2007 se funda el Centro de Análisis e Investigación Política (CAIP) como un espacio para el desarrollo de actividades académicas y de extensión enfoca- das a la investigación, análisis y reflexión de los fenómenos políticos. La labor de di- chas actividades es ejecutada por una base de nuevos investigadores mediante una estructura de trabajo rigurosa y sistemática, que cuenta con la asesoría y respaldo de destacados académicos y expertos en la disciplina. Las plataformas de exposición de CAIP son principalmente dos: el sitio web www.caip.cl, y la revista impresa Pléyade. Como prolegómeno, el Centro de Análisis e Investigación Política no representa in- tereses partidistas de ningún sector político. A nuestro parecer, esta peculiar caracte- rística nos proporciona una flexibilidad que beneficia el mantenimiento de un espacio agonal en donde se da lugar a un debate en torno a las ideas. Sin embargo, esto no sig- nifica que las perspectivas y formas de pensar de los investigadores CAIP tenga una esencia uniforme. Por el contrario, esta diversidad de visiones permite que se cultive el pensamiento crítico necesario para el cuestionamiento y discusión de lo político. En suma, en CAIP se busca hacer una contribución relevante al debate público, desde una óptica aguda y multidisciplinaria. Todo ello con la finalidad de crear una plataforma que reúna tanto reflexiones de experimentados académicos como de nue- vos investigadores. A su vez, intenta transformarse en una vitrina para novedosas in- terpretaciones y conjeturas sobre lo político. Á R E A S D E T R A B A J O E N C A I P Publicaciones Dentro de esta área se presentan documentos con estándares académicos que in- tentan explicitar investigaciones, análisis y/o reflexiones en torno a distintos temas de interés político. Así, la sección de Publicaciones se subdivide en tres áreas de estudio, cada una con un especial enfoque: El área de Pensamiento Político se encarga de difundir investigaciones que tratan sobre filosofía política, historia de las ideas políticas y teoría política. Dentro de las modalidades de difusión se encuentra la organización de coloquios, conferencias o iii REVISTA PLÉYADE Nº4 seminarios que tengan como objeto la discusión con otros investigadores, estudiantes y académicos; y, además, la publicación en formato digital o impreso, ya sea en nues- tro sitio web o en Revista Pléyade respectivamente. Actualmente, si bien existe una gran variedad de líneas de investigación, esta área se ha centrado en la filosofía y el pensamiento político contemporáneos con el objeto de dar cuenta de la importancia de éstos para analizar el presente. Por su parte, el área de Política, Estado y Sociedad se define como un espacio de exposición de indagaciones sobre relaciones sociales, relaciones de poder y lógicas estatales, de manera de permitir una discusión crítica acerca de estructuras, meca- nismos y sentidos de estas tres esferas. La intención principal del área es establecer un diálogo interdisciplinario que po- sibilite acercar la descripción empírica y la reflexión teórica a propósito del Estado, la Política y la Sociedad. Algunas de las líneas de investigación que nos interesan son: discusiones acerca de temáticas referidas a comunidad e identidad, prácticas de resis- tencia y su relación con la subjetividad social, Historia política, Teorías de la Ciudada- nía, Teorías del Reconocimiento, Migraciones, y Democracia. Esto, por supuesto, no cierra las posibilidades de nuevas líneas de investigación. Finalmente, el área de Política Mundial entiende las relaciones internacionales co- mo un área de estudio que se caracteriza por ser interdisciplinaria, es decir que se vale de los conocimientos de diversas ciencias como la ciencia política, la historia, la economía y los estudios en defensa, entre otras. Es así como en esta área se intenta dar cuenta de esta variedad de estudios que giran en torno a un gran tema: las rela- ciones entre estados y otros actores, que interactúan en el sistema internacional. Es- pecíficamente, son varios los temas de interés: la historia política de las relaciones internacionales, la política exterior de Chile, los procesos de integración en Europa, la política del humanitarismo y hacia los refugiados, y discusiones teóricas sobre el sig- nificado de algunos conceptos claves para el entendimiento de la política mundial co- mo la seguridad, el terrorismo y otros. Lo anterior no excluye el posible desarrollo de otras temáticas que ésta área interdisciplinaria permite. Todos los meses se agregan a estas secciones nuevos documentos relativos a las áreas de estudio. Las publicaciones de CAIP se presentan de dos maneras. La primera iv CENTRO DE ANÁLISIS E INVESTIGACIÓN POLÍTICA consiste en los Documentos de trabajo, los cuales se publican (luego de una revisión del comité editorial) de manera mensual en cada una de las secciones, a través del sitio web www.caip.cl. El formato del documento es digital y puede ser descargado y difundido gratuitamente Bajo la licencia internacional Creative Commons. Riesgo Político Aquí se elaboran sistemática y regularmente diversos formatos de análisis en bus- ca de un diagnóstico y proyección del riesgo político en América del Sur. Desde la perspectiva de los inversionistas, el área de riesgo político realiza segui- mientos rigurosos de los hechos y procesos que surgen de la interacción entre econo- mía y política en los países de la región sudamericana con el objetivo de coadyuvar a los inversionistas y aquellas personas que en niveles decisionales requieran la identi- ficación de oportunidades y amenazas relacionadas con sus negocios. R E V I S T A P L É Y A D E La Revista Pléyade es una publicación impresa de carácter semestral que tiene co- mo objetivo brindar una plataforma de debate concerniente a lo político desde la mi- rada de destacados intelectuales y estudiantes de las ciencias sociales. Buscando asegurar un desarrollo de participación y calidad como pilares funda- mentales de trabajo, la Revista Pléyade es elaborada por un equipo editorial perma- nente. Así el espacio que aquí buscamos entregar no discrimina por redes o cargos de los publicadores, sino que privilegia la meritocracia, originalidad y calidad de cada uno de los documentos, ya sea en el caso de intelectuales destacados, o en el caso de estudian- tes neófitos. Todos los artículos de Pléyade están ingresados al registro de Creative Commons, lo cual permite copiar, distribuir, comunicar y ejecutar públicamente los trabajos pre- sentados bajo la condición de reconocer y citar la obra de cada autor. v REVISTA PLÉYADE Nº4 ¿ Q U I É N E S I N T E G R A N C A I P ? L Felipe Alarcón Es Licenciado en Ciencias Políticas y Gubernamentales por la Universidad de Chile. Actualmente estudia Administración Pública en la misma casa de estudios. Es Director del Área Política, Estado y Sociedad de CAIP. Sus principales áreas de interés son la teoría política y el debate en torno a la problemática Ciudadanía-Inmigración. E-mail: [email protected] Matías Bascuñán Callís Estudia Ciencia Política en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Sus principales temas de interés son la teoría política y la discusión en torno a la Teoría Crítica. E-mail: [email protected] Nicolás del Valle Orellana Cientista Político. Director del Área de Pensamiento Político de CAIP. Trabaja como investigador en la red mundial biopolitica.cl. Sus tópicos de interés se encuentran en el área de pensamiento contemporáneo. Actualmente cursa el programa de Magíster en Pensamiento Contemporáneo del Instituto de Humanidades. E-mail: [email protected] Patricio Imbert Puelma Licenciado en Ciencia Política en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Director del Área de Política Mundial e investigador permanente del Área de Riesgo Político. Sus áreas de interés son las relaciones internacionales, la teoría política contemporá- nea y el estudio de las relaciones público-privadas. E-mail: [email protected] Patricio Morales Fernández Cientista Político. Director del Área de Riesgo Político. Sus temas de interés son la po- lítica latinoamericana y la economía política. E-mail: [email protected] Ely Orrego Torres Estudia Ciencia Política en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Subdirectora del Centro de Análisis e Investigación Política. Además, trabaja como investigadora en la red mundial biopolitica.cl y en el Área de Pensamiento Político de CAIP.
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