DOCSLIB.ORG

Applied Mycology / Edited by Mahendra Rai and Paul Dennis Bridge

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Applied Mycology / Edited by Mahendra Rai and Paul Dennis Bridge APPLIED MYCOLOGY This page intentionally left blank APPLIED MYCOLOGY Edited by Mahendra Rai SGB Amravati University, India and Paul Dennis Bridge British Antarctic Survey, UK CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI Head Office CABI North American Office Nosworthy Way 875 Massachusetts Avenue Wallingford 7th Floor Oxon OX10 8DE Cambridge, MA 02139 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 617 395 4056 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 617 354 6875 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2009. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Applied mycology / edited by Mahendra Rai and Paul Dennis Bridge. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-84593-534-4 (alk. paper) 1. Mycology. I. Rai, Mahendra. II. Bridge, P. D. III. Title. QK603.A647 2009 579.5--dc22 2009001597 ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 534 4 Typeset by Columns Design, Reading, UK. Printed and bound in the UK by the MPG Books Group. The paper used for the text pages in this book is FSC certified. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) is an international network to promote responsible management of the world’s forests. Contents Contributors vii Preface x Part I: Overview 1 Mycology: a Neglected Megascience 1 David L. Hawksworth Part II: Environment, Agriculture and Forestry 2 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Symbiosis under Stress Conditions: Ecological Implications of Drought, Flooding and Salinity 17 Ileana V. García and Rodolfo E. Mendoza 3 An Overview of Ochratoxin Research 38 János Varga, Sándor Kocsubé, Zsanett Péteri and Robert A. Samson 4 Improvement of Controlled Mycorrhizal Usage in Forest Nurseries 56 Robin Duponnois, D. Diouf, A. Galiana and Y. Prin 5 Fungi in the Tree Canopy: an Appraisal 73 K.R. Sridhar 6 Ecology of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Leaf Litter Decomposition 92 Takashi Osono and Dai Hirose v vi Contents Part III: Food, Food Products and Medicine 7 Brewing Yeast in Action: Beer Fermentation 110 Pieter J. Verbelen and Freddy R. Delvaux 8 Genomic Adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Inhibitors for Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Ethanol 136 Zonglin Lewis Liu and Mingzhou Song 9 Spoilage Yeasts and Other Fungi: their Roles in Modern Enology 156 Manuel Malfeito-Ferreira and Virgilio Loureiro 10 Medicinal Potential of Ganoderma lucidum 173 Daniel Sliva 11 Current Advances in Dematiaceous Mycotic Infections 197 Sanjay G. Revankar Part IV: Biotechnology and Emerging Science 12 Biotechnological Aspects of Trichoderma spp. 216 A.M. Rincón, T. Benítez, A.C. Codón and M.A. Moreno-Mateos 13 Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a Molecular Tool for the Study of Fungal Pathogens 239 Carol M. McClelland and Brian L. Wickes 14 Myconanotechnology: a New and Emerging Science 258 Mahendra Rai, Alka Yadav, Paul Bridge and Aniket Gade 15 Current Advances in Fungal Chitinases 268 Duochuan Li and Anna Li 16 Extracellular Proteases of Mycoparasitic and Nematophagous Fungi 290 László Kredics, Sándor Kocsubé, Zsuzsanna Antal, Lóránt Hatvani, László Manczinger and Csaba Vágvölgyi Index 308 Contributors Zsuzsanna Antal, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary T. Benítez, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, España; Tel: 0034 954557109 Fax: 0034 954557103, E-mail: [email protected] Paul Bridge, British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Rd, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK; E-mail: [email protected] A.C. Codón, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Seville, Spain; Tel: 0034 954557112, Fax: 0034 954557103, E-mail: [email protected] Freddy R. Delvaux, Centre for Malting and Brewing Science, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium D. Diouf, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Faculté de Sciences et Techniques. Département de biologie végétale, BP 5005, Dakar, Sénégal Robin Duponnois, IRD, UMR 113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SUPAGRO/UM2, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), Montpellier, France; E-mail: [email protected] Aniket Gade, Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, PIN-444 602, Maharashtra, India A. Galiana, IRD. Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD / ISRA / UCAD, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, BP 1386, Dakar, Sénégal Ileana V. García, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (MACN-CONICET), Argentina, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470 (C1405DJR); Tel: 4982-6595, int 160, Fax: int 172, E-mail: [email protected] Lóránt Hatvani, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary David L. Hawksworth, Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, Ciudad vii viii Contributors Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain; Natural & Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire Campus, Swindon Road, Cheltenham GL50 4AZ, UK; University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, UK; and Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; E-mail: [email protected] Dai Hirose, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba 274-8555, Japan Sándor Kocsubé, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; E-mail: [email protected] László Kredics, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; Tel: 3662544516; Fax: 3662544823; E-mail: [email protected] Anna Li, Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China Duochuan Li, Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; Tel: 86-538-8249071, Fax: 86-538-8226399, E-mail: [email protected] Zonglin Lewis Liu, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N University Street, Peoria, IL 61604 USA; Tel: 1 309 681 6294; Fax: 1 309 681 6693; E-mail: [email protected] V. Loureiro, Departamento de Botânica e Engenharia Biológica Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal Manuel Malfeito-Ferreira, Departamento de Botânica e Engenharia Biológica Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; Tel: +351 21 3653448, Fax: 21 3653238; E-mail: [email protected] László Manczinger, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary Carol M. McClelland, Department of Biology, McMurry University, Abilene, TX, USA Rodolfo E. Mendoza, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (MACN-CONICET), Argentina; E-mail: [email protected] M.A. Moreno-Mateos, Departamento de Señalización celular, Centro Andaluz de Medicina Regenerativa y Biología Molecular. Edif. CABIMER - Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n. Parque Científico y Tecnológico Cartuja 93. 41092 Sevilla, España; Tel: 0034 954467838, Fax: 0034954461664, E-mail: miguelangel. [email protected] Takashi Osono, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga 520-2113, Japan, Tel: 81 77 549 8252, Fax: 81 77 549 8201; E-mail: tosono@ecology. kyoto-u.ac.jp Zsanett Péteri, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; E-mail: [email protected] Y. Prin, CIRAD, UMR 113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SUPAGRO/UM2, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), Montpellier, France. Contributors ix Mahendra Rai, Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, PIN-444 602, Maharashtra, India; Tel: 91-721-2667380, Fax: 91-721-2660949, E-mail: [email protected] Sanjay G. Revankar, Harper University Hospital, 3990 John R. St., 5 Hudson Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Tel: (313) 745-8599, Fax: (313) 993-0302, E-mail: [email protected] A.M. Rincón, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, España; Tel: 0034 954556230 Fax: 0034 954557103, E-mail: [email protected] Robert A. Samson, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-mail: [email protected] Daniel Sliva, Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, 1800 N Capitol Ave, E504, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Tel: (317) 962-5731; Fax: (317) 962-9369; E-mail: [email protected] Mingzhou Song, Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, MSC CS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA K.R. Sridhar, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574 199, Karnataka, India; E-mail: [email protected] Csaba Vágvölgyi, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary János Varga, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; Tel: 3662544515;
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tesis Milagro Granados
    UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA SISTEMA DE ESTUDIOS DE POSGRADO ESTUDIO DE LA EPIDEMIOLOGÍA Y ALTERNATIVAS DE MANEJO AGROECOLÓGICO DEL OJO DE GALLO ( Mycena citricolor ) EN CAFETO BAJO SISTEMAS AGROFORESTALES EN COSTA RICA Tesis sometida a la consideración de la Comisión del Programa de Estudios de Posgrado en Ciencias Agrícolas y Recursos Naturales para optar al grado y título de Doctorado Académico en Sistemas de Producción Agrícola Tropical Sostenible MARÍA DEL MILAGRO GRANADOS MONTERO Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, Costa Rica 2015 Dedicatoria Todo este esfuerzo es para mi familia, Erick, Josué y Amanda. Los amo. Agradecimientos A Dios por darme las fuerzas para concluir esta meta, a mi familia por darme su amor, calidez y compresión en momentos difíciles y a mis amigos por todo su apoyo. A don Edgar Vargas (q.e.g.e.) por enseñarme el verdadero sentido de ser profesional. Agradezco de todo corazón a Gustavo Arroyo Arias por su incondicional ayuda, por su voz de aliento y su valiosa amistad. A mí Comité Asesor por su colaboración durante todo el proceso, por todos los consejos y apoyo para lograr la conclusión del programa. Además, a Juan Ramón Navarro Flores por su gran ayuda en el análisis de los datos. Agradezco a todas las personas del Instituto Earthwatch, de CoopeDota R.L, del Centro Agrícola Cantonal de Tarrazú, a todos los caficultores y personas relacionadas con la actividad que permitieron que se realizara esta investigación. Finalmente, al programa de becas SEP-CONARE, a doña Rita Vargas de la Vicerrectoría de Docencia y doña Rita Vázquez del Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, así como a los miembros de la Escuela de Agronomía que permitieron que culminara mis estudios de doctorado.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Systematics of the Genus Calonectria
    available online at www.studiesinmycology.org Studies in Mycology 66: 31–69. 2010. doi:10.3114/sim.2010.66.03 Phylogeny and systematics of the genus Calonectria L. Lombard1*, P.W. Crous2, B.D. Wingfield3 and M.J. Wingfield1 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; 2CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; 3Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa *Correspondence: Lorenzo Lombard, [email protected] Abstract: Species of Calonectria are important plant pathogens, several of which have a worldwide distribution. Contemporary taxonomic studies on these fungi have chiefly relied on DNA sequence comparisons of the β-tubulin gene region. Despite many new species being described, there has been no phylogenetic synthesis for the group since the last monographic study almost a decade ago. In the present study, the identity of a large collection of Calonectria isolates from various geographic regions was determined using morphological and DNA sequence comparisons. This resulted in the discovery of seven new species; Ca. densa, Ca. eucalypti, Ca. humicola, Ca. orientalis, Ca. pini, Ca. pseudoscoparia and Ca. sulawesiensis, bringing the total number of currently accepted Calonectria species to 68. A multigene phylogeny was subsequently constructed for all available Calonectria spp., employing seven gene regions, namely actin, β-tubulin, calmodulin, histone H3, the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 and the 5.8S gene of the ribosomal RNA, 28S large subunit RNA gene and translation elongation 1-alpha.
    [Show full text]
  • Listado De La Colección De Hongos (Ascomycota Y Basidiomycota) Del Herbario Nacional Del Ecuador (QCNE) Del Instituto Nacional De Biodiversidad (INABIO)
    Artículo/Article Sección/Section B 12 (20), 38-71 Listado de la colección de hongos (Ascomycota y Basidiomycota) del Herbario Nacional del Ecuador (QCNE) del Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO) Rosa Batallas-Molina1, Gabriela Fernanda Moya-Marcalla2, Daniel Navas Muñoz3 1Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad del Ecuador (INABIO), colección micológica del Herbario Nacional del Ecuador (QCNE), Av. Río Coca E6-115 e Isla Fernandina, sector Jipijapa, Quito, Ecuador 2Programa de Maestría en Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica (UTI), Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador 3Carrera en Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica (UTI), Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador *Autor para correspondencia / Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Checklist of the fungi collection (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) of the National Herbarium of Ecuador (QCNE) of the National Institute of Biodiversity (INABIO) Abstract The National Herbarium of Ecuador (QCNE) of the National Institute of Biodiversity (INABIO) preserves the public mycological collection of Ecuador, being the most representative of the country with 6200 specimens between fungi and lichens. The mycological collection started in 1999 with contributions from university students and specialists who deposited their specimens in the cryptogam section of the QCNE Herbarium. Since 2013 the information has been digitized and 4400 records were taken as the basis for this manuscript. The objective of this work is to present the list of species of fungi of the mycological collection of QCNE. The collection of fungi is organized according to the criteria of the most recent specialized literature, and 319 species of fungi are reported, corresponding to samples from the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota divisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Sheath Rot Pathogens from Major Rice-Growing
    Promotor: Prof. Dr. Ir. Monica Höfte Laboratory of Phytopathology Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Co-Promoter: Dr. Ir. Obedi I. Nyamangyoku Department of Crop Science School of agriculture, Rural Development and Agricultural Economics College of Agriculture, Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda, RWANDA Dean : Prof. Dr. Ir. Marc Van Meirvenne Rector : Prof. Dr. Anne De Paepe ii Ir. Vincent de Paul Bigirimana Characterization of sheath rot pathogens from major rice- growing areas in Rwanda Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Applied Biological Sciences iii Dutch translation of the title: Karakterisatie van pathogenen die “sheath rot” veroorzaken in de belangrijkste rijstgebieden in Rwanda Cover illustration: Some sheath rot disease features: - Left upper side: microscopic picture of the reverse side of Fusarium andiyazi isolate RFNG10 on PDA medium; - Left lower side: microscopic picture of the front side of Fusarium andiyazi isolate RFNG10 isolate on PDA medium; - Center: illustration of rice sheath rot symptoms on a rice plant; - Right side: illustration of a phylogenetic tree of Pseudomonas isolates associated with rice sheath rot symptoms in Rwanda and the Philippines. This work was financially supported by a PhD grant from the Belgian Technical Cooperation (BTC) (reference number: 10RWA/0018). Additional funding was provided by the Ghent University. Cite as: BIGIRIMANA V.P. 2016. Characterisation of sheath rot pathogens from major rice-growing areas in Rwanda. PhD thesis, Ghent University, Belgium. ISBN Number: 978-90-5989-904-9 The author and the Promoters give the authorization to consult and to copy parts of this work for personal use only.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating Soilborne Nectriaceous Fungi Impacting Avocado Tree
    Investigating soilborne nectriaceous fungi impacting avocado tree establishment in Australia Louisamarie Elicano Parkinson Bachelor of Biotechnology (Honours Class 1) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2017 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation 1 Abstract Black root rot is a severe disease of nursery avocado trees and orchard transplants caused by soilborne fungal pathogens in the Nectriaceae family. The genera reported to be associated with black root rot are Calonectria, Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria, Gliocladiopsis and Ilyonectria. These genera have not been widely studied in avocado, although the disease causes significant commercial loss, with symptoms including black, rotten roots; tree stunting; leaf wilt; and rapid tree decline and death. This PhD research aims to i) identify the nectriaceous fungal species found in avocado roots in Australia, using morphological studies and molecular phylogenetic analyses of fungal gene sequences; ii) to perform pathogenicity tests on avocado seedlings and fruit to determine the pathogenic species; iii) to investigate whether the pathogens produce phytotoxic exudates which induce and facilitate disease symptom development; iv) and to use the generated gene sequence data to develop a molecular diagnostic for rapidly detecting the pathogens. Fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic roots from sick and healthy avocado trees, nursery stock, young orchard transplants and mature established orchard trees from all growing regions in Australia, and from other host species. Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of concatenated ITS, β-tubulin and histone H3 gene loci were used to identify and classify 153 Nectriaceae isolates in the genera Calonectria, Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria, Gliocladiopsis, Ilyonectria and Mariannaea.
    [Show full text]
  • EU Project Number 613678
    EU project number 613678 Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens Work package 1. Pathways of introduction of fruit pests and pathogens Deliverable 1.3. PART 7 - REPORT on Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List Partners involved: EPPO (Grousset F, Petter F, Suffert M) and JKI (Steffen K, Wilstermann A, Schrader G). This document should be cited as ‘Grousset F, Wistermann A, Steffen K, Petter F, Schrader G, Suffert M (2016) DROPSA Deliverable 1.3 Report for Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List’. An Excel file containing supporting information is available at https://upload.eppo.int/download/112o3f5b0c014 DROPSA is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 613678). www.dropsaproject.eu [email protected] DROPSA DELIVERABLE REPORT on ORANGES AND MANDARINS – Fruit pathway and Alert List 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background on oranges and mandarins ..................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Data on production and trade of orange and mandarin fruit ........................................................................ 5 1.3 Characteristics of the pathway ‘orange and mandarin fruit’ .......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from Decaying Palm Leaves in Thailand
    Mycosphere Baipadisphaeria gen. nov., a freshwater ascomycete (Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from decaying palm leaves in Thailand Pinruan U1, Rungjindamai N2, Sakayaroj J2, Lumyong S1, Hyde KD3 and Jones EBG2* 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand 2BIOTEC Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, NSTDA, 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand Pinruan U, Rungjindamai N, Sakayaroj J, Lumyong S, Hyde KD, Jones EBG 2010 – Baipadisphaeria gen. nov., a freshwater ascomycete (Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from decaying palm leaves in Thailand. Mycosphere 1, 53–63. Baipadisphaeria spathulospora gen. et sp. nov., a freshwater ascomycete is characterized by black immersed ascomata, unbranched, septate paraphyses, unitunicate, clavate to ovoid asci, lacking an apical structure, and fusiform to almost cylindrical, straight or curved, hyaline to pale brown, unicellular, and smooth-walled ascospores. No anamorph was observed. The species is described from submerged decaying leaves of the peat swamp palm Licuala longicalycata. Phylogenetic analyses based on combined small and large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences showed that it belongs in Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Ascomycota). Baipadisphaeria spathulospora constitutes a sister taxon with weak support to Leuconectria clusiae in all analyses. Based
    [Show full text]
  • University of Catania
    UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA DEPARTMENT OF AGROFOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL PhD PLANT HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES AND PROTECTION OF AGROECOSYSTEMS CYCLE XXV 2010-2012 Detection of new Calonectria spp. and Calonectria Diseases and Changes in Fungicide Sensitivity in Calonectria scoparia Complex This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by VLADIMIRO GUARNACCIA COORDINATOR SUPERVISOR PROF. C. RAPISARDA PROF. G.POLIZZI CHAPTER 1 - The genus Calonectria and the fungicide resistance.......................... 1 1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 2 1.1.1 Calonectria...................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Importance of Calonectria.............................................................................. 3 1.1.3 Morphology..................................................................................................... 6 1.1.4 Pathogenicity................................................................................................... 9 1.1.5 Microsclerotia ................................................................................................. 9 1.1.6 Mating compatibility..................................................................................... 10 1.1.7 Phylogeny...................................................................................................... 12 1.1.7.1 Calonectria scoparia species complex .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • July 1995 ISSN 0541-4938
    Vol. 46(3) July 1995 ISSN 0541-4938 Newsletter of the Mycological Society of America About this lssue The abstracts of papers for the MSA Annual Meeting are included in this issue of Inoculum so there are only a few pages of news. The deadline for the next issue is August 1 and I need copy. Think ahead to the upcoming school term, the fall col- lecting season, important meetings and workshops and send me the news! See the masthead on page 7 for details. Ellen Farr In This lssue Contributions of Mycological Research MSA Official Business .......... 2 Addition to Abstracts .......... 2 to Plant Pathology Mycology Online ................... 2 by Margaret Tuttle McGrath, Nina Shishkoff, Mycological News ................. 3 Thomas Harrington, Bryce Kendrick, Suha Hare, News of Herbaria ................. 3 and Charles Mims News of Mycologists ........... 3 Deaths ..................................3 This statement was prepared because of our concern that the value of research in Calendar of Events ................. 4 the field of Mycology can easily be taken for granted by plant pathologists. It is Letters and Commentary ......... 5 important that we address this now while departments are feeling the need to Mycological Classifieds ......... 6 downsize. Many important mycological contributions were described during a re- Change of Address Form ........ 6 cent symposium, Advances in Mycology and Their Impact on Plant Pathology, at Abstracts the annual meeting of the Northeastern Division of the American Phytopathologi- cal Society. These are summarized below. Without an understanding of fungi, how can the diseases they cause be managed? 1. Correct identification of fungi. For example, results from years of research on Armillaria and on the biocontrol agent Trichoderma viride are ambiguous because Important Dates proper identifications were not made.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Concepts in Calonectria (Cylindrocladium)
    available online at www.studiesinmycology.org StudieS in Mycology 66: 1–14. 2010. doi:10.3114/sim.2010.66.01 species concepts in Calonectria (Cylindrocladium) L. Lombard1*, P.W. Crous2, B.D. Wingfield3 and M.J. Wingfield1 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; 2CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; 3Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa *Correspondence: Lorenzo Lombard, [email protected] Abstract: Species of Calonectria and their Cylindrocladium anamorphs are important plant pathogens worldwide. At present 52 Cylindrocladium spp. and 37 Calonectria spp. are recognised based on sexual compatibility, morphology and phylogenetic inference. The polyphasic approach of integrating Biological, Morphological and Phylogenetic Species Concepts has revolutionised the taxonomy of fungi. This review aims to present an overview of published research on the genera Calonectria and Cylindrocladium as they pertain to their taxonomic history. The nomenclature as well as future research necessary for this group of fungi are also briefly discussed. Key words: Calonectria, Cylindrocladium, species concepts, nomenclature, pathogenicity. INtroductIoN topic is not treated other than in the manner in which it applies to Calonectria. The genus Calonectria (Ca.) was
    [Show full text]
  • Logs and Chips of Eighteen Eucalypt Species from Australia
    United States Department of Agriculture Pest Risk Assessment Forest Service of the Importation Into Forest Products Laboratory the United States of General Technical Report Unprocessed Logs and FPL−GTR−137 Chips of Eighteen Eucalypt Species From Australia P. (=Tryphocaria) solida, P. tricuspis; Scolecobrotus westwoodi; Abstract Tessaromma undatum; Zygocera canosa], ghost moths and carpen- The unmitigated pest risk potential for the importation of unproc- terworms [Abantiades latipennis; Aenetus eximius, A. ligniveren, essed logs and chips of 18 species of eucalypts (Eucalyptus amyg- A. paradiseus; Zelotypia stacyi; Endoxyla cinereus (=Xyleutes dalina, E. cloeziana, E. delegatensis, E. diversicolor, E. dunnii, boisduvali), Endoxyla spp. (=Xyleutes spp.)], true powderpost E. globulus, E. grandis, E. nitens, E. obliqua, E. ovata, E. pilularis, beetles (Lyctus brunneus, L. costatus, L. discedens, L. parallelocol- E. regnans, E. saligna, E. sieberi, E. viminalis, Corymbia calo- lis; Minthea rugicollis), false powderpost or auger beetles (Bo- phylla, C. citriodora, and C. maculata) from Australia into the strychopsis jesuita; Mesoxylion collaris; Sinoxylon anale; Xylion United States was assessed by estimating the likelihood and conse- cylindricus; Xylobosca bispinosa; Xylodeleis obsipa, Xylopsocus quences of introduction of representative insects and pathogens of gibbicollis; Xylothrips religiosus; Xylotillus lindi), dampwood concern. Twenty-two individual pest risk assessments were pre- termite (Porotermes adamsoni), giant termite (Mastotermes dar- pared, fifteen dealing with insects and seven with pathogens. The winiensis), drywood termites (Neotermes insularis; Kalotermes selected organisms were representative examples of insects and rufinotum, K. banksiae; Ceratokalotermes spoliator; Glyptotermes pathogens found on foliage, on the bark, in the bark, and in the tuberculatus; Bifiditermes condonensis; Cryptotermes primus, wood of eucalypts. C.
    [Show full text]
  • Rice Sheath Rot: an Emerging Ubiquitous Destructive Disease Complex
    REVIEW published: 11 December 2015 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01066 Rice Sheath Rot: An Emerging Ubiquitous Destructive Disease Complex Vincent de P. Bigirimana1,2, Gia K. H. Hua1, Obedi I. Nyamangyoku2 and Monica Höfte1* 1 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 2 Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture, Rural Development and Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, University of Rwanda, Musanze, Rwanda Around one century ago, a rice disease characterized mainly by rotting of sheaths was reported in Taiwan. The causal agent was identified as Acrocylindrium oryzae, later known as Sarocladium oryzae. Since then it has become clear that various other organisms can cause similar disease symptoms, including Fusarium sp. and fluorescent pseudomonads. These organisms have in common that they produce a range of phytotoxins that induce necrosis in plants. The same agents also cause grain discoloration, chaffiness, and sterility and are all seed-transmitted. Rice sheath rot disease symptoms are found in all rice-growing areas of the world. The disease is Edited by: now getting momentum and is considered as an important emerging rice production Brigitte Mauch-Mani, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland threat. The disease can lead to variable yield losses, which can be as high as 85%. This Reviewed by: review aims at improving our understanding of the disease etiology of rice sheath rot Choong-Min Ryu, and mainly deals with the three most reported rice sheath rot pathogens: S. oryzae, Korea Research Institute the Fusarium fujikuroi complex, and Pseudomonas fuscovaginae. Causal agents, of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South Korea pathogenicity determinants, interactions among the various pathogens, epidemiology, Javier Plasencia, geographical distribution, and control options will be discussed.
    [Show full text]