ISSN1991-2986

RevistaCientíficadelaUniversidad AutónomadeChiriquíenPanamá

Polyporus sp.attheQuetzalestrailintheVolcánBarúNationalPark,Panamá

Volume1/2006

ChecklistofFungiinPanama elaboratedinthecontextoftheUniversityPartnership ofthe UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DECHIRIQUÍ and J.W.GOETHE-UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT AMMAIN supportedbytheGerman AcademicExchangeService(DAAD)

For this publication we received support by the following institutions:

Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI)

J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main

German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)

German Research Foundation (DFG)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)1

German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)2

Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT) 3

1 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Convention Project "Implementing the Biodiversity Convention" P.O. Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, Germany Tel.: +49 (6196) 791359, Fax: +49 (6196) 79801359 http://www.gtz.de/biodiv

2 En el nombre del Ministerio Federal Alemán para la Cooperación Económica y el Desarollo (BMZ). Las opiniones vertidas en la presente publicación no necesariamente reflejan las del BMZ o de la GTZ.

3 INDICASAT, Ciudad del Saber, Clayton, Edificio 175. Panamá. Tel. (507) 3170012, Fax (507) 3171043

Editorial

La Revista Natura fue fundada con el objetivo de dar a conocer las actividades de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas de la Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), pero COORDINADORADE EDICIÓN paulatinamente ha ampliado su ámbito geográfico, de allí que el Comité Editorial ha acordado cambiar el nombre de la revista al Clotilde Arrocha nuevo título:PUENTE BIOLÓGICO , para señalar así el inicio de una nueva serie que conserva el énfasis en temas científicos, que COMITÉ EDITORIAL trascienden al ámbito internacional.

Puente Biológico se presenta a la comunidad científica Clotilde Arrocha internacional con este número especial, que brinda los resultados Pedro A.CaballeroR. significativos de la ejecución del Convenio de Cooperación e Javier TorresS. Intercambio Académico firmado el 3 de mayo de 2002 entre la OrlandoCáceres Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí y la Universidad de Frankfurt, el cual a partir de enero de 2003 ha recibido el apoyo financiero del Servicio Alemán de Intercambio Académico (DAAD). AUTORIDADES DE LAUNACHI En este número se presenta el primer listado de verificación de los hongos de Panamá, los cuales incluyen actualmente unas 1,800 Rector especies y sugieren que nos encontramos en etapas iniciales en VirgilioOlmos A. cuanto al conocimiento de nuestra riqueza fúngica. VicerrectorAcadémico El éxito del convenio se puede apreciar en las actividades del período 2003-2006. Se efectuaron 44 viajes de docencia e investigación, en DanielCarrillo los que participaron 34 personas diferentes, alemanes y panameños, tanto estudiantes como profesores. Se organizaron dos talleres VicerrectoraAdministrativa internacionales, uno sobre plantas superiores (2004) y otro de EtelvinadeBonagas micología (2005). Vicerrectora de Investigación y Postgrado Docentes alemanes dictaron tres seminarios y nueve cursos de JuanaRamosChue postgrado. Esos cursos contribuyeron a la realización de la Maestría en Biología que ofrece la UNACHI. Decano de la Facultad de Otro aspecto importante de los viajes fue la recolección y análisis de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas datos para tesis a nivel de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado e Manuel Sevilla investigación posdoctoral, principalmente en las áreas de micología, botánica de plantas vasculares, briología, dermatología, Secretaria General ecofisiología, fitopatología, ecología y herpetología. BlancaE.RíosC. Gracias al convenio se ha logrado que docentes de esta Facultad participen en los programas doctorales en la Universidad de Frankfurt. De igual manera docentes alemanes han participado DISEÑOGRÁFICO como tutores en las tesis de maestría del programa de Biología de la UNACHI. MeikePiepenbring De allí que es evidente la contribución de este convenio en el Javier TorresSalgado desarrollo académico de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, sobre todo a través del estímulo a la investigación científica. © DerechosReservados ComitéEditorial EditorialUNACHI David,Rep.dePanamá Junio,2006

Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Preliminary Version

MEIKE PIEPENBRING Botanical Institute, J.W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 60054 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

For the first time, a checklist of fungi reported for Panama in literature is presented. It is based on approximately 300 publications containing approximately 3,330 records for this country. These records correspond to approximately 1,810 and subspecific taxa in 646 genera. For each species, data on its ecology, substrates, distribution within Panama, and references to literature are cited. Publications focusing on ecological and applied aspects of fungi in Panama are also cited. 45 species and genera known for Panama are illustrated by color photographs taken in this country. The species cited in the list represent only a small part of the fungal diversity existing in Panama, where mycological investigation is still in the pioneer phase. The list and the literature references are offered as a starting point for mycological fieldwork, identification, and taxonomical revision of the taxa by students and professionals.

RESUMEN

El listado de verificación de hongos en Panamá basado en datos de literatura se presenta aquí por primera vez. Contiene datos de aproximadamente 300 publicaciones en las cua- les se encuentran aproximadamente 3,330 reportes para el país. Estos reportes correspon- den a aproximadamente 1,810 especies y taxones subespecíficos en 646 géneros. Para ca- da especie se presentan datos sobre su ecología, sustratos, distribución en Panamá y refe- rencias de literatura. Publicaciones sobre aspectos ecológicos y aplicados de hongos en Panamá también se citan. Están ilustrados por fotos tomadas en este país 45 especies y géneros conocidos para Panamá. Las especies citadas en el listado representan solamente una pequeña parte de la diversidad fúngica existente en Panamá, donde la investigación micológica todavía se encuentra en la fase pionera. El listado y las referencias a literatura se ofrecen como un punto de partida para trabajo micológico de campo, identificación y revisión taxonómica por estudiantes y profesionales.

KEY WORDS

Ascomycota, , collecting activities in Panama, diversity of fungi,

Checklist of Fungi in Panama Preliminary Version

Contents

ABSTRACT / RESUMEN ...... 2

INTRODUCTION ...... 3 METHODS ...... 3 COLLECTING ACTIVITIES IN PANAMA ...... 5 CHECKLIST OF FUNGI IN PANAMA

Myxomycetes ...... 8 Dictyosteliomycetes ...... 16 Oomycota ...... 16 Chytridiomycota ...... 18 ...... 19 ...... 21 ...... 22 Fungi Imperfecti ...... 66 Ascolichenes ...... 100 Basidiolichenes ...... 121 Basidiomycota ...... 122

PUBLICATIONS ON ECOLOGY OF FUNGI IN PANAMA ...... 161

PUBLICATIONS ON APPLIED ASPECTS OF FUNGI IN PANAMA ...... 161 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... 162 REFERENCES ...... 162

INDEX TO GENERA AND HIGHER TAXA OF FUNGI ...... 177

INDEX TO SPECIES AND VARIETIES DESCRIBED AS NEW FROM PANAMA ..... 187

PLATES

Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

INTRODUCTION In general, the species richness of fungi for a given area is estimated to be several times as Panama, a tropical country of approximately high as the one of vascular plants. Applying 75,000 km2 in the Southern part of the Central the factor 5.3 proposed by (Hawksworth 1998: American isthmus, harbors numerous species 11), more than 50,000 species (5.3 x 9,500) of vascular plants of which approximately exist in Panama. Based on these data, only 9,500 have been reported (Correa et al. 2004). about 3 % of the fungi in Panama are in the Our knowledge of fungi in Panama is much checklist. According to W. Gams (pers. com.), more limited. Bermúdez & Sánchez (2000) our knowledge of fungi worldwide is some- consider that some information scattered in what more complete due to large areas of literature does exist for fungi only for one distribution of numerous fungi. Nevertheless, ecoregion in Panama, for for two. our knowledge is still very fragmentary. This situation is due to several facts. Although Numerous unknown fungi are supposed to live fungi are important for ecosystem services and in primary forests. As these are reduced at an directly to human beings as parasites of culti- alarming rate, a great need for basic mycologi- vated plants and animals, as agents of human cal investigation is evident. diseases and for food as well as drug produc- tion, American people generally do not appre- METHODS ciate fungi. During the history of scientific mycology in Panama, mostly foreign mycolo- Records of fungi in Panama have been sought gists worked in the field, carried the speci- in databases, the internet, indices of journals, mens out of the country, and published in by citations found in literature, and with the foreign journals. This situation is similar to help of numerous colleagues until the end of that of most other Latin American countries 2005. Only data published in international (Nishida 1989). journals and officially published books have In order to improve the knowledge of fungi in been included. All species have been checked Panama, an annotated list of approximately in the (CABI-CBS 1,810 species and subspecific taxa is offered FUNINDEX, www.indexfungorum.org) for with references to approximately 300 publica- synonymy. tions which include about 3,330 records of Species and subspecific taxa are cited in the fungi in Panama. Although much effort has order corresponding to their systematic posi- been made to present this list as complete as tion, mostly according to the Index Fungorum. possible, further records in literature will be Divisions are cited as shown in Contents, all found in future. Most groups are not taxo- other groups according to the alphabet. To nomically revised, therefore the given names find genera and higher taxa have a look at the are preliminary. index. A detailed analysis of the data in the checklist The modern systematic classification often (Piepenbring 2006) and recent mycological does not correspond to the classical groups fieldwork in Panama show that the fungal based on macromorphology of fruiting-bodies species in the list correspond only to a small and hymenophores. Therefore, in Table 1 the part of the fungi existing in Panama. We are modern systematic groups are cited in the still in the pioneer phase of mycological inves- classical categories. tigation in this country.

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Table 1. Modern systematic groups cited in the checklist in the morphological classification. Names of morphological groups which do not correspond to systematic groups (exception: rusts) are written in bold.

ASCOMYCOTA DISCOMYCETES (fungi with apothecia) Leotiomycetidae: , Pezizomycetidae: subclass: Incertae sedis: ; order: incertae sedis: PLECTOMYCETES (fungi with cleistothecia) Erysiphomycetidae: Erysiphales Eurotiomycetidae: , PYRENOMYCETES (fungi with perithecia) : , Dothideales, Microthyriales, Mycosphaerellales, Myriangiales, , order: incertae sedis: Asterinaceae, Micropeltidaceae, Parodiopsidaceae, Pseudoperisporiaceae Meliolomycetidae: : Boliniales, Diaporthales, Halosphaeriales, , , Phyllachorales, , subclass: incertae sedis: Laboulbeniales

BASIDIOMYCOTA RUSTS Urediniomycetes p.p.: Uredinales SMUTS Urediniomycetes p.p.: Microbotryales p.p.: Entylomatales, Georgefischeriales, Tilletiales, Urocystales, Hymenomycetes: in the old sense (fungi with agaricoid fruiting bodies) : Agaricales p.p., p.p., Phallales p.p., p.p., p.p. BOLETALES in the old sense (fungi with boletoid fruiting bodies) Agaricomycetidae: Agaricales p.p., Boletales p.p. fungi with odontioid fruiting bodies Agaricomycetidae: Polyporales p.p., Russulales p.p. GASTEROMYCETES (fungi with gastroid fruiting bodies) Agaricomycetidae: Agaricales p.p., Boletales p.p., Phallales POLYPORALES in the old sense (fungi with polyporoid fruiting bodies, Aphyllophorales) Agaricomycetidae: Agaricales p.p., p.p., Polyporales p.p., Russulales p.p. further APHYLLOPHORALES Urediniomycetes: Platygloeales, Septobasidiales Tremellomycetidae: Tremellales Hymenomycetidae: Auriculariales, Ceratobasidiales, Dacrymycetales, Tulasnellales Agaricomycetidae: Agaricales p.p., Hymenochaetales p.p., Polyporales p.p., Russulales p.p.

4 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

In addition to the systematic position, for each Anamorph-teleomorph connections species the growth form, ecology, and known distribution in Panama (as far as evident by Many species of Ascomycota and some of the data in literature), as well as literature refer- Basidiomycota can be observed as fungi with ences are given. meiosporangia (asci or basidia), i.e. as sexual develomental stage or teleomorph, or as Fungi The term “Canal Zone” is used although this Imperfecti or anamorph, forming conidia, i.e. area is called “Reverted Areas” (“areas rever- asexual mitospores. The asexual stages are tidas”) since 2000. Barro Colorado is an island cited as anamorphic stages (AN) of the re- in the canal forming part of the former Canal spective teleomorphic stage, if this is cited for Zone, Panamá Province. Coiba, a large island Panama. Otherwise, they are considered Fungi in the Pacific, belongs to the Veraguas Prov- Imperfecti. ince. Both localities are cited as separate localities because numerous collections have COLLECTING ACTIVITIES IN PANAMA been reported from them. In Tables 3 and 4, mycologists and some Table 2. Abbreviations for localities in botanists who collected fungi in Panama are Panama used in the checklist: presented in chronological order. Those who made the first collections and those who con- BCI Barro Colorado Island tributed numerous or important specimens have been selected. Data concerning the year BO Bocas del Toro Province or period of time of the collecting activity, the CA Canal Zone (not BCI) groups of fungi collected, the localities visited, and important publications based on these CC Coclé Province collections are included. Finally, the acronyms CH Chiriquí Province of herbaria and some culture collections in which Panamanian fungi have been deposited CN Colón Province according to literature are cited. COI Coiba With very few exceptions, foreign mycologists collected fungi in Panama, mostly in few DA Darién Province locations, mostly during short term visits. HE Herrera Province Only since about 15 years, some specimens are deposited in the National Herbarium of KY Kuna Yala Reservation Panama (PMA). These are important facts to LS Los Santos Province explain our limited knowledge of fungi in Panama. NB Ngöbe Buglé Reservation PA Panamá Province (not CA or BCI) The checklist is preliminary in many as- VR Veraguas Province (not COI) pects. You are welcome to improve it!

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Table 3. Important mycological collecting activities in Panama until 1950. For abbreviations of herbaria see http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp.

Collectors When? Which fungi? Where? Important publications Herbaria

Panama, lichens and VR, and 1847-1871 Endococcus Berkeley & Broome 1852, “Central B. Seemann (exact time hymeniicola, a Seemann 1852-1857, BM, K America”, not known) lichenicolous Hawksworth 2005 probably ascomycete Panama Oct 1889, "Colombia, N.G. Dietel 1894, Jackson 1918, Sept 1890, Uredinales Panama" NY, PUR, S Lagerheim Jørstad 1957, Cummins 1978 Dec 1892 CN W.R. Maxon & 1911 Auriculariales CA CH CN Lowy 1971 BPI H. Pittier A.S. Sept-Oct Ustilaginales CH Zundel 1939 BPI Hitchcock 1911 BPI, F, FH, 1913, 1923, plant parasitic Stevens 1927a, b, c, 1928, F.L. Stevens BCI CA DA ILL, NY, 1924, 1927 microfungi 1930 PUR E.W.D. Arthur 1918b, Dec 1915 Uredinales PUR Holway Hennen & McCain 1993 1917-1918, plant parasitic Dearness & House 1925, E.P. Killip CH PA B, NY Nov 1948 microfungi Guba 1961 Ramachar & Cummins 1965, M.A. 1920, 1921 Uredinales BO Buriticá & Hennen 1980, PUR Charleton Buriticá 1999a Phyllachorales, Arthur & Cummins 1933, J.R. Johnston 1920, 1926 BO BPI, PUR Uredinales Cummins 1978, Cannon 1991 Meliolales, capnodiaceous P.C. Standley 1923, 1924 fungi, BCI CA Standley 1927, 1933 BPI, PUR Tremellales, Uredinales Myxomycota, Standley 1927, BPI, FH, C.W. Dodge 1925, Asco- and BCI BO Welden 1954a, Reid 1965, MO, NCU, et al. 1934/1935 Basidiomycota, Denison 1967, Guzman 1970 UPS Septobasidium Fungi Imperfecti, Standley 1933, Weston 1933, 1928, 1929, W.H. Weston Asco- and BCI Raper & Fennell 1948, Raper FH 1945 Basidiomycota, et al. 1949, Reid 1965 Septobasidium lichens, J. Zetek 1934, 1937 CA PA Couch 1938, Santesson 1952 BPI Septobasidium Myxo-, Asco-, 1935, 1937, Martin 1936, 1937, 1938a, b, Basidiomycota, BPI, FH, IA, G.W. Martin 1939, 1940, CA CH 1939a, b, 1940, 1942, 1944, Fungi NY 1945, 1946 1948, 1957 Imperfecti S.L. Meyer 1944-1945 Xylariales CA Meyer 1949, Bodman 1952 TENN B. Lowy 1950 Tremellales BCI Lowy 1971 LSUM

6 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Table 4. Important mycological collecting activities in Panama after 1950.

Collectors When? Which fungi? Where? Important publications Herbaria

Myxomycota, macrofungi, soil Martin 1954, Welden 1954a, G.W. Martin & UC, IA, NO, 1952/1953 and wood for BCI CH 1954b, 1960, Farrow 1954, A.L. Welden F isolation of Morris & Finley 1956 microfungi ATCC, BPI, Fungi Goos 1960, Goos & R.D. Goos 1958, 1973 BCI CH PA CBS, Imperfecti Pirozynski 1975, Goos 1997 DAOM, NY E.F. Morris & July-Aug Fungi Morris & Finley 1965, BCI, PA BPI, IA, ILL J.W. Strain 1964 Imperfecti Morris 1967, Finley 1967 BCI CA M.E. Hale et 1973, 1974, Lichenes CC CH CN Hale 1974, 1978, Tibell 1996 US al. 1975 DA PA VR K.P. Dumont, Ostropales, Dumont 1980, S.E. CC CH KY 1975, 1978 Rhytismatales, Samuels & Dumont 1982, LSUM, NY Carpenter & PA VR Macrofungi Haines & Dumont 1984 S.A. Mori N. Salazar 1976, 1977 Lichenes CH Ahti 2000 H Fungi S.T. Miller 1978 BCI Samson et al. 1989 CBS, IMI Imperfecti W.C. 1983 Lichenes CH Ahti 2000 DUKE Culberson plant parasitic G.S. Gilbert et 1992, Jul Gilbert & De Steven 1996, fungi, BCI CA PMA, UC al. 1995 Gilbert & Sousa 2002 Polyporales B. Büdel et al. 1993 Lichenes CH Büdel et al. 2000 STRI L. Persmark Fungi before 1995 CH Persmark et al. 1995 et al. Imperfecti 1994-1998, Ustilaginales CA CC CH M. short term and other smut CN HE LS Piepenbring 2001, 2003 PMA, USJ Piepenbring visits fungi PA M.P. Núñez Nov 1996 Aphyllophorales COI Núñez 1997 F. Pando Nov 1996 Myxomycota COI Pando 1997 MA, PMA Lichenes and Etayo 1997, 1999, 1996, 1997, J. Etayo lichenicolous CH COI Etayo & Lücking 1999, PMA, MA 2001 fungi Etayo & Aptroot 2003 arbuscular S.A. Mangan 1996, 1998, Mangan & Adler 1999, 2000, mycorrhizal CA CH et al. 1999 Mangan et al. 2004 fungi Guzmán & Ovrebo 2000, Guzmán-Dávalos & Obrebo Gasteromyce- CSU, PMA, C.L. Ovrebo 1997, 2000 BCI 2001, Mata et al. 2001, tes, Agaricales IBUG, PC Buyck & Ovrebo 2002, Akers & Ovrebo 2005 R. Halling et 1999 Agaricales CH Mata et al. 2004 NY al.

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CHECKLIST OF FUNGI IN PANAMA Liceales

Cribraria argillacea (Pers.) Pers. MYXOMYCOTA Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: Ceratiomyxales 451; Farr 1976: 46. Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (O.F. Müll.) T. Macbr. Fig. 1 Cribraria aurantiaca Schrad. Ecology: on rotten wood Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH Province/Locality: COI Reference: Weston 1933: 395, 398; Standley Reference: Pando 1997: 195. 1933: 17; Martin 1936: 278; Welden 1954a: 96; Dennis 1970: 448; Farr 1976: 18. Cribraria cancellata (Batsch) Nann.- Bremek. var. cancellata Ceratiomyxa morchella A.L. Welden Ecology: on dead wood Fig. 2 Province/Locality: BCI, CH a new species from Panama Reference: Standley 1933: 16; Martin 1936: Ecology: on rotten wood 279; Welden 1954a: 96; Dennis 1970: 452; Province/Locality: BCI, CH Farr 1976: 42; all as Dictydium cancellatum Reference: Welden 1954a: 94; Dennis 1970: (Batsch) T. Macbr. 448; Farr 1976: 19. Cribraria intricata Schrad. Ceratiomyxa sphaerosperma Boedijn Ecology: on dead wood Ecology: on rotten wood, on Apeiba fruit Province/Locality: BCI, CA, COI Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Martin 1936: 279, as Cribraria Reference: Welden 1954a: 95; Dennis 1970: dictydioides Cooke & Balfour, a synonym acc. 448; Farr 1976: 20; Pando 1997: 194. to Farr 1976: 47; Martin 1938b: 350, as C. dictydioides; Welden 1954a: 96; Dennis 1970: Echinosteliales 451; Pando 1997: 195; Farr 1976: 47.

Clastoderma debaryanum A. Blytt Cribraria languescens Rex Ecology: on bark or debris Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH, COI Province/Locality: CC, COI Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Martin 1938b: Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: 350; Dennis 1970: 456; Farr 1976: 104; Pando 451; Farr 1976: 48; Pando 1997: 195. 1997: 194. Cribraria microcarpa (Schrad.) Pers. Echinostelium minutum de Bary Ecology: on dead wood Ecology: on bark or dung Province/Locality: CH, COI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: 451; Farr 1976: 50; Pando 1997: 195. 454; Farr 1976: 103.

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Cribraria pachydictyon Nann.-Bremek. rozeanum; Farr 1976: 40, as Reticularia Ecology: on dead wood splendens Morgan. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Pando 1997: 195. Licea minima Fr. Ecology: on dead wood Cribraria piriformis Schrad. Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on dead wood Reference: Martin 1938b: 349; Farr 1976: 24. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Welden 1954a: 96; Dennis 1970: Licea operculata (Wingate) G.W. Martin 451; Farr 1976: 51. Ecology: on bark Province/Locality: CH Cribraria tenella Schrad. Reference: Martin 1936: 279, as Orcadella Ecology: on dead wood operculata Wingate; Farr 1976: 25. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Pando 1997: 196. Licea pedicellata (H.C. Gilbert) H.C. Gilbert Cribraria violacea Rex Ecology: on bark Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: CA, CH, COI Reference: Pando 1997: 199. Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Martin 1938b: 350; Dennis 1970: 451; Farr 1976: 54; Pando Licea pusilla Schrad. 1997: 196. Ecology: on dead wood or bark Province/Locality: BCI Dictydiaethalium plumbeum Reference: Welden 1954a: 96; Farr 1976: 26. (Schumach.) Rostaf. ex Lister Ecology: on dead wood Licea tuberculata G.W. Martin Province/Locality: CA, CC a new species from Panama Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Dennis 1970: Ecology: on bark or wood in moist chambers 450; Farr 1976: 33. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Martin 1957: 439; Dennis 1970: Enteridium lycoperdon (Bull.) M.L. Farr 449; Farr 1976: 27. Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: CH Lycogala conicum Pers. Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Dennis 1970: Ecology: on dead wood 451; Farr 1976: 38; all as Reticularia Province/Locality: BCI lycoperdon Bull. Reference: Martin 1938b: 349; Dennis 1970: 450; Farr 1976: 34. Enteridium splendens (Morgan) T. Macbr. Lycogala epidendrum (J.C. Buxb. ex Ecology: on dead wood L.) Fr. Fig. 3 Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on dead wood Reference: Martin 1936: 279, as Enteridium Province/Locality: BCI, CH rozeanum (Rost.) Wingate, a synonym acc. to Reference: Weston 1933: 395, 397; Standley Farr 1976: 40; Dennis 1970: 451, as E. 1933: 17; Martin 1936: 280; Dennis 1970: 450; Farr 1976: 35. 9 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Lycogala exiguum Morgan Craterium leucocephalum (Pers.) Ecology: on dead wood Ditmar Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: on dead leaves or twigs Reference: Welden 1954a: 96; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: CA 450; Farr 1976: 37. Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: 458; Farr 1976: 176. Lycogala flavofuscum (Ehrenb.) Rostaf. Craterium paraguariense (Speg.) Sacc. Ecology: on dead wood & Trotter Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on dead leaves Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI 450; Farr 1976: 37. Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: 458; Farr 1976: 179. Tubifera ferruginosa (Batsch) J.F. Gmel. Diderma effusum (Schwein.) Morgan Ecology: on wood or leaves Ecology: on dead leaves or stems of herbs Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CA, CH, COI Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Farr 1976: 201; 449; Farr 1976: 30. Pando 1997: 196.

Tubifera microsperma (Berk. & M.A. Diderma hemisphaericum (Bull.) Curtis) G.W. Martin Hornem. Ecology: on dead wood Ecology: on leaves or litter Province/Locality: BCI, CC Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 279, as Tubifera Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Farr 1976: 205. stipitata (Berk. & Rav.) T. Macbr., a synonym acc. to Farr 1976: 32; Welden 1954a: 96; Diderma rugosum (Rex) T. Macbr. Dennis 1970: 449; Farr 1976: 32. Ecology: on dead leaves or mosses Province/Locality: COI Physarales Reference: Pando 1997: 196.

Badhamia affinis Rostaf. Diderma spumarioides (Fr.) Fr. Ecology: on bark of living or dead trees Ecology: on dead leaves Province/Locality: CH Reference: Dennis 1970: 461; Farr 1976: 212. Reference: Martin 1938b: 348, as Badhamia orbiculata Rex, a synonym acc. to Farr 1976: Didymium aff. clavus (Alb. & Schwein.) 182; Martin 1938b: 348; Dennis 1970: 458; Rabenh. Farr 1976: 182. Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: COI Badhamia gracilis (T. Macbr.) T. Macbr. Reference: Pando 1997: 196. Ecology: on bark etc. Province/Locality: CH Didymium intermedium J. Schröt. Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: Ecology: on leaves, stems, or mossy logs 458; Farr 1976: 185. Province/Locality: CA

10 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Martin 1938b: 348; Dennis 1970: Physarum auriscalpium Cooke 462; Farr 1976: 225. Ecology: on dead wood, leaves etc. Reference: Martin & Alexopoulos 1969 in Didymium iridis Fr. Farr 1976: 122; Farr 1976: 122. Ecology: on dead leaves, twigs, wood, or soil Province/Locality: CH Physarum bivalve Pers. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: Ecology: on leaves or debris 462; Farr 1976: 226. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: Didymium nigripes (Link) Fr. 459; Farr 1976: 125. Ecology: on dead leaves Province/Locality: CA, CH Physarum bogoriense Racib. Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: Ecology: on leaves or litter 462; Farr 1976: 230. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Martin 1938b: Didymium squamulosum (Alb. & 350; Welden 1954a: 98; Dennis 1970: 459; Schwein.) Fr. Farr 1976: 126. Ecology: on leaves, dung, etc. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Physarum cinereum (Batsch) Pers. Reference: Weston 1933: 396; Standley 1933: Ecology: on soil, dead leaves, or living plants 16; Martin 1936: 279; Welden 1954a: 98; Province/Locality: CH Dennis 1970: 462; Farr 1976: 232. Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: 459; Farr 1976: 128. Didymium verrucosporum A.L. Welden a new species from Panama Physarum compressum Alb. & Ecology: on dead leaves Schwein. Fig. 5 Province/Locality: CA Ecology: on dead leaves or debris Reference: Welden 1954a: 98; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI, CH 462; Farr 1976: 234. Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Welden 1954a: 98; Dennis 1970: 461; Farr 1976: 130. Fuligo septica (L.) F.H. Wigg. Fig. 4 Ecology: on soil, rotten wood, living plants, or Physarum didermoides (Ach. ex Pers.) litter Rostaf. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Ecology: on wood, bark, or debris Reference: Standley 1933: 16; Martin 1938b: Province/Locality: COI 350; Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: 457; Reference: Dennis 1970: 460; Pando 1997: Farr 1976: 110. 199.

Physarella oblonga (Berk. & M.A. Physarum echinosporum Lister Curtis) Morgan Ecology: on leaves or bark Ecology: on wood or leaves Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CA, COI Reference: Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: 459; Farr 1976: 136. 458; Farr 1976: 192; Pando 1997: 199.

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Physarum fulgens Pat. Physarum psittacinum Ditmar Ecology: on rotten wood, bark, or dead leaves Ecology: on dead wood or leaves Province/Locality: CC Province/Locality: COI Reference: Martin 1936: 278, as Physarum Reference: Pando 1997: 200. lateritium (Berk. & Rav.) Morgan, a wrong identification acc. to Farr 1976: 144; Dennis Physarum pulcherripes Peck 1970: 459, as P. lateritium; Farr 1974: 37; Ecology: on dead wood Farr 1976: 139. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: Physarum globuliferum (Bull.) Pers. 460; Farr 1976: 158. Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: COI Physarum pusillum (Berk. & M.A. Reference: Farr 1976: 140; Pando 1997: 199. Curtis) G. Lister Ecology: on bark, dead leaves, or herbaceous Physarum leucopus Link litter Ecology: on wood or leaves Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Pando 1997: 200. Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: 460; Farr 1976: 145. Physarum serpula Morgan Ecology: on wood, bark, leaves, or old fungi Physarum melleum Massee Province/Locality: CA Ecology: on dead wood or leaves Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: CA, CH 459; Farr 1976: 162. Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: 460; Farr 1976: 146. Physarum stellatum (Massee) G.W. Martin Physarum nutans Pers. Ecology: on wood or bark Ecology: on wood or old fungi Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH, COI Province/Locality: BCI, CH, COI Reference: Martin 1936: 278, as Physarum Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Welden 1954a: wingatense T. Macbr., a synonym acc. to Farr 98; Dennis 1970: 459; Farr 1976: 151; Pando 1976: 162; Martin 1938b: 350, as P. 1997: 199. wingatense; Dennis 1970: 460; Farr 1976: 162; Pando 1997: 200. Physarum oblatum T. Macbr. Ecology: on dead leaves, herbaceous stems, or Physarum tenerum Rex wood Ecology: on dead wood, living or dead leaves, Province/Locality: COI or twigs Reference: Pando 1997: 200. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, COI Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Martin 1938b: Physarum penetrale Rex 350; Welden 1954a: 98; Dennis 1970: 460; Ecology: on dead wood or bark Farr 1976: 166; Pando 1997: 201. Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Welden 1954a: 98; Farr 1976: 153; Pando 1997: 200.

12 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Physarum viride (Bull.) Pers. Comatricha nigra (Pers.) J. Schroet. Ecology: on wood, bark, or old fungi Ecology: on wood Province/Locality: CH, COI Province/Locality: CA, CH Reference: Martin 1936: 278; Dennis 1970: Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: 459; Farr 1976: 170; Pando 1997: 201. 456; Farr 1976: 261.

Willkommlangea reticulata (Alb. & Comatricha pulchella (C. Bab.) Rostaf. Schw.) Kuntze Ecology: on wood or leaves Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: 456; Farr 1976: 262. 458; Farr 1976: 191; all as Cienkowskia reticulata (Alb. & Schwein.) Rostaf. Diachea bulbillosa (Berk. & Broome) Lister Stemonitales Ecology: on litter or dead leaves Province/Locality: BCI, CA Brefeldia maxima (Fr.) Rostaf. Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: Ecology: on dead wood or litter 455; Farr 1976: 238. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Weston 1933: 396 probably as Diachea leucopoda (Bull.) Rostaf. Brefeldia sp.; Standley 1933: 16; Farr 1976: Ecology: on fallen sticks, leaves, or living 245. plants Province/Locality: CH Collaria arcyrionema (Rostk.) Nann.- Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: Bremek. 455; Farr 1976: 239. Ecology: on leaves or wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, COI, PA Diachea radiata Lister & Petch Reference: Weston 1933: 396,; Standley 1933: Ecology: on dead leaves 17; Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: 457; Farr Province/Locality: BCI, CA 1976: 249; Pando 1997: 198; all as Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Welden 1954a: Lamproderma arcyrionema Rostk. 97; Dennis 1970: 455; Farr 1976: 240.

Comatricha afroalpina Rammeloo Lamproderma scintillans (Berk. & Ecology: on dead wood Broome) Morgan Province/Locality: COI Ecology: on leaves or moss Reference: Pando 1997: 194. Reference: Martin & Alexopoulos 1969 in Farr 1976: 251; Dennis 1970: 457; Farr 1976: Comatricha laxa Rostaf. 251. Ecology: on wood or bark Province/Locality: CC Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) T. Macbr. var. Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: axifera : Figs. 6-7 456; Farr 1976: 259. Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: 455; Farr 1976: 269. 13 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) T. Macbr. var. Stemonitis virginiensis Rex smithii (T. Macbr.) Hagelst. Ecology: on dead wood Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: BCI, CC, COI Reference: Pando 1997: 202. Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: 456; Pando 1997: 202; all as Stemonitopsis aequalis (Peck) Y. Stemonitis smithii T. Macbr. Farr 1976: 270. Yamam. Ecology: on wood Stemonitis flavogenita E. Jahn. Reference: Dennis 1970: 456, as Comatricha Ecology: on wood or debris aequalis Peck. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Dennis 1970: Stemonitopsis hyperopta (Meyl.) 456; Farr 1976: 271. Nann.-Bremek. Ecology: on dead wood Stemonitis fusca Roth Province/Locality: COI Ecology: on dead wood Reference: Pando 1997: 201, as Stemonitis Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, COI hyperopta Meyl. Reference: Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: 455; Farr 1976: 271; Pando 1997: 201. Stemonitopsis typhina (F.H. Wigg.) Nann.-Bremek. Stemonitis nigrescens Rex Ecology: on wood or leaves Ecology: on wood or bark Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, COI Province/Locality: BCI, CH, COI Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Welden 1954a: Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: 456; Farr 1976: 265; all as 97; Dennis 1970: 455; Farr 1976: 275; Pando Comatricha typhoides (Bull.) Rostaf., a 1997: 202. synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Pando 1997: 202. Stemonitis pallida Wingate Ecology: on dead wood Symphytocarpus longus (Peck) Nann.- Province/Locality: CA, CH, COI Bremek. Reference: Martin 1936: 279, as Stemonitis Ecology: on wood carolinensis T. Macbr., a synonym acc. to Farr Province/Locality: COI 1976: 276; Dennis 1970: 456, as S. Reference: Martin & Alexopoulos 1969 in carolinensis; Farr 1976: 276; Pando 1997: Farr 1976: 260; Dennis 1970: 456; Farr 1976: 202. 259; Pando 1997: 194; all as Comatricha longa Peck. Stemonitis splendens Rost. Ecology: on dead wood or bark Trichiales Province/Locality: CA, CH, PA Reference: Martin 1936: 279; Welden 1954a: Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. 97; Welden 1954a: 97, as Stemonitis webberi Ecology: on dead wood Rex, a synonym acc. to Farr 1976: 276; Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, COI Dennis 1970: 455, as S. webberi; Farr 1976: Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: 276. 16; Martin 1936: 280; Welden 1954a: 97;

14 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Dennis 1970: 453; Farr 1976: 69; Pando 1997: Arcyria pomiformis (Leers) Rostaf. 192. Ecology: on dead wood Reference: Farr 1976: 79. Arcyria denudata (L.) Wettst. Fig. 8 Ecology: on dead wood or bark Hemitrichia calyculata (Speg.) M.L. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH, COI Farr Reference: Weston 1933: 396; Standley 1933: Ecology: on dead wood 16; Martin 1936: 280; Welden 1954a: 97; Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH, COI Dennis 1970: 453; Farr 1976: 71; Pando 1997: Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Martin 1938b: 193. 350; Welden 1954a: 97; Dennis 1970: 454; all as Hemitrichia stipitata (Massee) T. Macbr., a Arcyria insignis Kalchbr. & Cooke synonym acc. to Farr 1976: 96. Farr 1976: 96; Ecology: on dead wood or herbaceous stems Pando 1997: 196. Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Welden 1954a: Hemitrichia clavata (Pers.) Rostaf. 97; Farr 1976: 75; Dennis 1970: 453. Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI, COI Arcyria leiocarpa (Cooke) G.W. Martin Reference: Weston 1933: 396; Standley 1933: & Alexop. 16; Farr 1976: 97; Pando 1997: 198. Ecology: on wood, leaves etc. Province/Locality: PA Hemitrichia minor G. Lister Reference: Martin 1938b: 349, as Hemitrichia Ecology: on litter, bark of living trees, or dung leiocarpa (Cooke) A. Lister; Dennis 1970: of herbivorous animals 454, as H. leiocarpa; Farr 1976: 76. Reference: Martin & Alexopoulos 1969 in Farr 1976: 65, as Perichaena minor (G. Lister) Arcyria magna Rex Hagelst.; Farr 1976: 65, as P. minor. Ecology: on dead wood Province/Locality: CH Hemitrichia serpula (Scop.) Rostaf. Reference: Welden 1954a: 96; Dennis 1970: Fig. 9 453; Farr 1976: 76. Ecology: on wood, litter, or leaves Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, COI Arcyria minuta Butchert in Pat. Reference: Weston 1933: 396, 399; Standley Ecology: on dead wood 1933: 16; Martin 1936: 280; Martin 1938b: Province/Locality: COI 350; Dennis 1970: 454; Farr 1976: 100; Pando Reference: Pando 1997: 194. 1997: 198.

Arcyria nutans (Bull.) Grev. Metatrichia vesparium (Batsch) Nann.- Ecology: on dead wood Bremek. Reference: Farr 1976: 77. Ecology: on dead, usually rotten wood or bark Province/Locality: CA, CH Arcyria oerstedtii Rostaf. Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Martin 1938b: Ecology: on rotten wood 350; Dennis 1970: 454; all as Hemitrichia Province/Locality: CH, COI vesparium (Batsch) T. Macbr. Farr 1976: 83. Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Dennis 1970: 453; Farr 1976: 78; Pando 1997: 194. 15 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Perichaena chrysosperma (Curr.) DICTYOSTELIOMYCETES Lister Ecology: on wood or bark Dictyosteliales Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Martin 1936: 280, as Ophiotheca Dictyostelium mucoroides Bref. chrysosperma Currey; Martin 1938b: 350, as Ecology: cultivated from soil O. chrysosperma; Dennis 1970: 452; Farr Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH 1976: 61. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: 464. Perichaena corticalis (Batsch) Rostaf. Ecology: on wood or bark OOMYCOTA Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 280; Dennis 1970: Peronosporales 453; Farr 1976: 62. Albugo blytii (Biv.) Kuntze Perichaena depressa Lib. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Alternanthera Ecology: on dead bark or wood ficoidea, Amaranthaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, COI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Martin 1936: 280, also as Reference: Stevens 1930: 281. Perichaena quadrata T. Macbr., a synonym (?) acc. to Farr 1976: 63; Farr 1976: 63; Pando Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze 1997: 199. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica sp., Raphanus sativus, Brassicaceae Perichaena vermicularis (Schwein.) Province/Locality: CA Rostaf. Reference: Stevens 1930: 281; McGuire & Ecology: on dead wood Crandall 1967: 138. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1936: 280, as Ophiotheca Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae vermicularis (Schw.) Massee; Farr 1976: 65. (Schwein.) Swingle Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea batatas, Trichia favoginea (Batsch) Pers. Convolvulaceae Ecology: on dead wood or bark Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH, COI Reference: Stevens 1927a: 12; Stevens 1930: Reference: Martin 1936: 280, as Trichia 281; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144; Dennis affinis de Bary, a synonym acc. to Farr 1976: 1970: 440. 89; Martin 1936: 280, as Trichia persimilis (Batsch) Pers., a synonym acc. to Farr 1976: Albugo platensis (Speg.) Swingle 89; Welden 1954a: 97, as T. affinis; Dennis Ecology: plant parasitic, on Boerhaavia 1970: 453, as T. affinis; Dennis 1970: 453, as caribaea, B. erecta, Nyctaginaceae T. persimilis; Farr 1976: 89; Pando 1997: 202. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1927a: 12; Stevens 1930: 281; Dennis 1970: 440.

16 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Bremia lactucae Regel Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lactuca sativa, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Asteraceae frutescens, Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144. tuberosum, Solanaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Peronospora destructor (Berk.) Casp. & Crandall 1967: 125, 136, 139. ex Berk. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Breda de Alliaceae Haan Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ananas comosus, & Crandall 1967: 140, also as Peronospora Bromeliaceae; on Citrus sinensis, C. sp., schleideni Unger, a synonym acc. to Index Rutaceae Fungorum. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Phytophthora parasitica Dastur, a synonym Peronospora parasitica (Pers.) de Bary acc. to Index Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica oleracea, 1967: 133, 135, as P. parasitica. Brassicaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de & Crandall 1967: 138. Haan var. nicotianae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Nicotiana Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. & tabacum, Solanaceae M.A. Curtis) Rostovzev Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrullus vulgaris, Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae. Cucumis melo, C. sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Sechium edule, (E.J. Butler) Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; E.J. Butler McGuire & Crandall 1967: 142. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cocos nucifera, Arecaceae; on Carica , Caricaceae; on Pythiales Theobroma cacao, Malvaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Myzocytium sp. & Crandall 1967: 129, 132, 149. Ecology: endoparasitic in Province/Locality: CH Phytophthora phaseoli Thaxt. Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phaseolus vulgaris, Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 121. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Persea americana, Lauraceae Phytophthora sp. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 131. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Manihot escu- lenta, Euphorbiaceae; on Coffea arabica, Phytophthora citriphthora (R.E. & E.H. Rubiaceae Sm.) Leonian Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., & Crandall 1967: 143, 146. Rutaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 135. 17 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp. FUNGI Ecology: plant parasitic, on Carica papaya, Caricaceae; on Cucumis sativus, CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA Cucurbitaceae; on Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae; on Capsicum frutescens, Blastocladiales Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 121, arbusculus E.J. Butler 129, 137, 139, 142. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil along creek or along shore, on dead insects in water Pythium sp. Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Reference: Dennis 1970: 435. Alliaceae; on Lactuca sativa, Asteraceae; on Brassica oleracea, Brassicaceae; on Cucumis Catenaria anguillulae Sorokin sativus, Cucurbitaceae; on Phaseolus vulgaris, Ecology: endoparasitic in nematodes Fabaceae; on Gossypium hirsutum, Province/Locality: CH Malvaceae; on Lycopersicon esculentum, Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Nicotiana tabacum, Solanaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; Physoderma maydis (Miyabe) Miyabe McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138, 140, 144, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, 147. Poaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Pythium sp. & Crandall 1967: 119. Ecology: cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Chytridiales Reference: Farrow 1954: 641. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Longcore, Pessier & D.K. Nichols Sclerosporales Ecology: parasitic on frogs, causing Peronosclerospora sacchari (T. Chytridiomycosis Miyake) Shirai & Hara Province/Locality: CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Reference: Berger et al. 1998: 9031, as species officinarum, Poaceae of Chytridiomycota; Lips 1999: 117, as Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 128, as disease; Lips et al. 2003: 215. Sclerospora sacchari T. Miyake. Synchytrium decipiens Farl. Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.) J. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Vigna vexillata, Schröt. Fabaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum vulgare, Reference: Lenné 1990: 146. Poaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203. Monoblepharidales Monoblepharella taylori (Sparrow) Sparrow Ecology: saprobic, on soil Reference: Dennis 1970: 435. 18 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

ZYGOMYCOTA scabra Cocc. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Choanephorales Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: cucurbitarum (Berk. & 442. Ravenel) Thaxt. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea batatas, Absidia spinosa Lendn. Convolvulaceae Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144. Reference: Dennis 1970: 442.

Choanephora sp. Blakeslea trispora Thaxt. Ecology: saprobic, on flower of Hibiscus sp., Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Malvaceae Province/Locality: CA, CH Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Reference: Weston 1933: 395; Standley 1933: 443. 17. Coemansia reversa Tiegh. & G. Le Entomophthorales Monn. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Conidiobolus coronatus (Constantin) Province/Locality: BCI A. Batko Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of 444. banana farm Province/Locality: CH Cunninghamella echinulata (Thaxt.) Reference: Goos 1960: 879, as Delacroixia Thaxt. coronata (Constantin) Sacc. & P. Syd. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil; deteriorating fibres of Gossypium hirsutum, Malvaceae Absidia blakesleeana Lendn. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Goos 1960: Reference: Dennis 1970: 442. 879; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 146; Dennis 1970: 444. Absidia cylindrospora Hagem Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Cunninghamella elegans Lendn. Reference: Dennis 1970: 442. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of banana farm Absidia glauca Hagem Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Gongronella butleri (Lendn.) Peyronel 442. & Dal Vesco Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Dennis 1970: 442, as Absidia butleri Lendn.

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“Lymania” sp. Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prins. Geerl. Ecology: saprobic, on bat droppings Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Rhizopus Reference: Weston 1933: 395; Standley 1933: arrhizus A. Fisch., a synonym acc. to Index 17. This genus apparently has never been Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 443, as R. arrhizus. validly published. Rhizopus sp. Mucor circinelloides Tiegh. Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Weston 1933: 395; Standley 1933: Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: 17. 442. Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill. Mucor hiemalis Wehmer Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil; on Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of seeds of Zea mays, Poaceae banana farm Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Rhizopus Reference: Goos 1960: 879. nigricans Ehrenb., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 119, as Mucor plumbeus Bonord. R. nigricans; Dennis 1970: 443. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI, CH Saksenaea vasiformis S.B. Saksena Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil 442. Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Zycha & Mucor sp. Siepmann 1969: 110; Dennis 1970: 441. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Syncephalastrum racemosum Cohn ex Reference: Weston 1933: 395; Standley 1933: J. Schröt. 17. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Phycomyces sp. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, on cat dung 444. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Weston 1933: 395; Standley 1933: 17. Acaulopage pectospora Drechsler Pilobolus sp. Ecology: trapping Ecology: saprobic, on tapir dung Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Reference: Weston 1933: 395; Standley 1933: 17. sp. Ecology: nematode trapping Province/Locality: CH Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. 20 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

GLOMEROMYCOTA Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698.

Acaulospora foveata Trappe & Janos Scutellospora sp. Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal, based on Province/Locality: BCI, CA DNA isolated from roots Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Husband et al. 2002: 2672. mellea Spain & N.C. Schenk Glomerales Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Province/Locality: BCI, CA Glomus clarum T.H. Nicolson & N.C. Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Schenck Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Acaulospora morrowiae Spain & N.C. Province/Locality: BCI Schenk Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Province/Locality: BCI, CA Glomus clavisporum (Trappe) R.T. Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Almeida & N.C. Schenck Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Acaulospora rehmii Sieverd. & S. Toro Province/Locality: BCI, CA Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Glomus coremioides (Berk. & Broome) D. Redecker & J.B. Morton Acaulospora scrobiculata Trappe Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Mangan & Adler 1999: 784; Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Mangan & Adler 2000: 563; Mangan et al. 2004: 698; all as Sclerocystis coremioides Acaulospora sp. Berk. & Broome. Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal, based on DNA isolated from roots Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxt.) Gerd. & Province/Locality: BCI Trappe Reference: Husband et al. 2002: 2672. Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Province/Locality: CH Acaulospora tuberculata Janos & Reference: Mangan & Adler 2000: 563. Trappe Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Glomus geosporum (T.H. Nicolson & Province/Locality: BCI, CA Gerd.) C. Walker Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Scutellospora calospora (T.H. Nicolson Reference: Mangan & Adler 2000: 563; & Gerd.) C. Walker & F.E. Sanders Mangan et al. 2004: 698. 21 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Glomus rubiforme (Gerd. & Trappe) Capnodium sp. R.T. Almeida & N.C. Schenck Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Ecology: foliicolous, on Mangifera indica, Province/Locality: BCI, CH Anacardiaceae; on Coffea arabica, Rubiaceae Reference: Mangan & Adler 2000: 563; Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Mangan et al. 2004: 698. & Crandall 1967: 131.

Glomus sinuosum (Gerd. & B.K. Capnodium usteri Rehm Bakshi) R.T. Almeida & N.C. Schenck Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal Ecology: foliicolous Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Mangan et al. 2004: 698. Reference: Standley 1933: 18.

Glomus sp. Trichomerium grandisporum (Ellis & G. Ecology: arbuscular mycorrhizal, based on Martin) Bat. & Cif. DNA isolated from roots Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, foliicolous, on Mangifera Reference: Husband et al. 2002: 2672. indica, Anacardiaceae; on Annona marcgravii, Annonaceae; on Cassia fistula, Fabaceae; on Syzygium sp., Myrtaceae; on Psychotria sp., ASCOMYCOTA Rubiaceae Province/Locality: CA, CH, CN, PA Dothideomycetidae Reference: Reynolds 1982: 209, 211.

Capnodiales Dothideales Achorella attaleae F. Stevens Capnocrinum capsuliferum (Rehm) a new species from Panama Bat. & Cif. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Attalea cohune, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cornutia Elaeis melanococca, Arecaceae pyramidata, Verbenaceae Province/Locality: CA, CN Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1927a: 29; Stevens 1930: Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 34. 281.

Capnodium citri Penz. Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.) Ces. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid & De Not. Ecology: foliicolous, on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Tetragastis & Crandall 1967: 133. panamensis, Burseraceae

Province/Locality: BCI Capnodium coffeae Pat. Reference: Gilbert & De Steven 1996: 684. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid

Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coffea arabica,

Rubiaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 145. 22 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Botryosphaeria rhodina (Berk. & M.A. Phaeopeltosphaeria panamensis F. Curtis) Arx Stevens & C.J. King AN: Diplodia gossypina Cooke or D. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid natalensis P. Evans Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chaetochloa Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: vulpiseta, Poaceae coelomycetous Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrullus vulgaris, Reference: Stevens 1927a: 50. Cucurbitaceae; on Gossypium hirsutum, Malvaceae Jahnulales Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 142, as Physalospora rhodina Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Aliquandostipite crystallinus Raja, 146, 147. Ferrer & Shearer Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Dothiorella sp. Ecology: saprobic, in fresh water habitat Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Raja et al. 2005: 207. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CH Microthyriales Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Scolecopeltidium bakeri (Syd. & P. Syd.) F. Stevens & Manter Endococcus hymeniicola (Berk. & Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Broome) D. Hawksw. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cymbidium sp., a new species probably from Panama Epidendrum sp., Lycaste sp., Maxillaria sp., Growth form: lichenicolous Odontoglossum sp., Oncidium sphacelatum, Ecology: on Lobaria sp., Lichenes Orchidaceae Reference: Berkeley & Broome 1852: 385, as Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 731, as Dothidea hymenicola Berk. & Broome; Micropeltis bakeri Syd. & P. Syd.; Batista Hawksworth 2005: 18. 1959: 171.

Guignardia pleurothallis Dearn. & Scolecopeltidium mayteni Bat. & I.H. House Lima Fig. 10 a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Trichilia Ecology: plant parasitic, on languishing leaves tuberculata, Meliaceae of Pleurothallis ruscifolia, Orchidaceae Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Gilbert et al. 1997: 2159. Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 72. Mycospaerellales Keratosphaera batistae H.B.P. Upadhyay Microcyclus ulei (Henn.) Arx Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: lichenicolous, on Mazosia spp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hevea Lichenes brasiliensis, H. spruceana, Euphorbiaceae Province/Locality: COI Reference: Spaulding 1961: 92, as Dothidella Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. ulei Henn.; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 150, as D. ulei. 23 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Mycosphaerella brassicicola (Duby) Mycosphaerella maydina (Pass.) Lindau Lindau Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica oleracea Ecology: plant parasitic, on Digitaria var. oleracea, Brassicaceae decumbens, Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 152.

Mycosphaerella cattleyae E.K. Cash & Mycosphaerella musae (Speg.) Syd. & A.M.J. Watson P. Syd. a new species from Panama AN: Pseudocercospora musae (Zimm.) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cattleya sp., Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: Orchidaceae Province/Locality: CA hyphomycetous Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 732; Dennis Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., 1970: 216. Musaceae, causing Yellow Sigatoka Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Mycosphaerella erythrinae F. Stevens musae Zimm.; Crous & Braun a new species from Panama 2003: 286. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Erythrina sp., Mycosphaerella musicola R. Leach Fabaceae Province/Locality: PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ref.: Stevens 1930: 285; Dennis 1970: 214. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., Musaceae Mycosphaerella fijiensis M. Morelet Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 130. AN: Pseudocercospora fijiensis (M. Morelet) Deighton Myriangiales Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: hyphomycetous Elsinoë fawcettii Bitanc. & Jenkins Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Musaceae, causing Black Sigatoka Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sinensis, C. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 185. sp., Rutaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Mycosphaerella gossypina (G.F. Atk.) Sphaceloma fawcettii Jenkins; McGuire & Earle Crandall 1967: 134. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Gossypium Elsinoë mangiferae Bitanc. & Jenkins hirsutum, Malavaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 147. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mangifera indica, Anacardiaceae Mycosphaerella horii Hara Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 131. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., Elsinoë rhynchosiae Jenkins & A.M.J. Rutaceae Watson Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 135. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 24 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rhynchosia Parodiella hedysari (Schwein.) S. calycosa, Fabaceae Hughes Province/Locality: PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Jenkins & Watson 1962: 582; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Stylosanthes sp., Dennis 1970: 325; Lenné 1990: 116. Fabaceae Ref.: Stevenson 1927 in Lenné 1990: 139. Pleosporales indet. species of Phaeosphaeriaceae Delitschia marchalii Berl. & Voglino Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: parasitic on eggs of red-eyed treefrog Ecology: saprobic, on dung Province/Locality: PA Reference: Dennis 1970: 211. Reference: Warkentin et al. 2001: 2860.

Didymella bryoniae (Fuckel) Rehm Pleospora panamensis (F. Stevens & Growth form: pyrenomycetoid C.J. King) Petr. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrullus vulgaris, a new species from Panama Cucurbitaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 142, as Ecology: mycoparasitic, on Phyllachora Mycosphaerella citrullina (C.O. Sm.) chaetochloe, Phyllachorales Grossenb., a synonym acc. to Index Fun- Reference: Dennis 1970: 210. gorum. Podonectria coccicola (Ellis & Everh.) Didymosphaeria trachodes (Mont.) Petch Sacc. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: parasitic on scale insects, Coccidae Ecology: plant parasitic, on swamp palm, (Homoptera), on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Arecaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 135. Province/Locality: CN Ref.: Stevens 1930: 285; Dennis 1970: 208. Sporomiella minima (Auersw.) S.I. Ahmed & Cain Leptosphaeria sacchari Breda de Haan Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH officinarum, Poaceae Ref.: Farrow 1954: 641, as Sporormia minima Province/Locality: CA Auersw.; Dennis 1970: 212, as S. minima. Reference: Chardón 1930b: 268; Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 128; Sporormia herculea Ellis & Everh. Dennis 1970: 210. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic Leptosphaeria salvinii Catt. Reference: Dennis 1970: 212. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Tubeufia paludosa (P. Crouan & H. Poaceae Crouan) Rossman Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Growth form: pyrenomycetoid & Crandall 1967: 124.

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Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic, on Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: dematiaceous fungi on decorticated wood coelomycetous Province/Locality: CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arthrostylidium Reference: Rossman 1977: 383. racemiflorum, Poaceae Province/Locality: CA order: Incertae sedis Reference: Shanor 1946: 337, as Lateropeltis bambusarum Shanor; Spaulding 1961: 61, as Asterinaceae Ciliochorella bambusarum Shanor, a synonym Asterina killipii Dearness & House of the anamorph; Dennis 1970: 359, as C. a new species from Panama bambusarum. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Erythrodes kil- Parodiopsidaceae lipii, Orchidaceae Dimeriella olyrae F. Stevens Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 68. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Olyra latifolia, Poaceae Yamamotoa carludovicae (Bat.) Arx & Province/Locality: CA E. Müll. Ref.: Stevens 1927a: 16; Stevens 1930: 281. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Dysrhynchis oligotricha (Mont.) Arx Ecology: plant parasitic, on Carludovica Growth form: pyrenomycetoid palmata, Cyclanthaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Olyra latifolia, Reference: Batista 1960, as Peresiopsis Poaceae carludovicae Bat., cited by Sivanesan 1984: Reference: Farr 1966: 234; Dennis 1970: 197. 324; Sivanesan 1984: 324. Parodiopsis ingarum (Henn.) G. Micropeltidaceae Arnaud Chaetothyriopsis panamensis F. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Stevens & Dorman Ecology: plant parasitic, on Inga sp., Fabaceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1927a: 19. Ecology: epiphyllic or plant parasitic, on Oncoba laurina, Flacourtiaceae Pseudoperisporiaceae Province/Locality: DA Epibryon hepaticicola (Racov.) Reference: Stevens 1927c: 237; Dennis 1970: Döbbeler s. lat. 232. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: parasitic on mosses, on Radula Parmulariaceae flaccida, Hepaticae Kiehlia bambusina (Speg.) Farr var. Province/Locality: BCI bambusarum (Shanor) Farr Reference: Döbbeler 1998: 346. AN: Shanoria bambusacearum (Sacc. & Syd.) Cicc.

26 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Erysiphomycetidae Reference: Raper et al. 1949: 580; Goos 1960: 879; Pitt 1979: 472. Erysiphales Talaromyces rotundus (Raper & Erysiphe betae (Vanha) Jacz. Fennell) C.R. Benj. Growth form: plectomycetoid AN: Penicillium sphaerum Pitt Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phaseolus a new species from Panama vulgaris, Vigna sinensis, Fabaceae Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from wood Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Province/Locality: CH Erysiphe polygoni DC., a synonym acc. to Reference: Raper & Fennell 1948: 518; Baker Index Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 1968: 197; Dennis 1970: 383; Raper et al. 120, as E. polygoni. 1949: 591; all as Penicillium rotundum Raper & Fennell, a synonym acc. to Index Erysiphe cichoracearum Jacz. Fungorum. Pitt 1979: 494; Heredia et al. 2001: Growth form: plectomycetoid 535. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrullus vulgaris, Cucumis melo, C. sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Trichocoma paradoxa Jungh. Sechium edule, Cucurbitaceae Growth form: plectomycetoid Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; Ecology: saprobic, on a fallen log McGuire & Crandall 1967: 141. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1938a: 431; Dennis 1970: Erysiphe sp. 321. Growth form: plectomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., Onygenales Rutaceae Reference: Amano 1986: 306. Arthroderma curreyi Berk. Growth form: plectomycetoid Eurotiomycetidae Ecology: saprobic, on feathers Reference: Benjamin 1956: 307; Dennis 1970: 322. Eurotiales Emericella variecolor Berk. & Broome Ctenomyces serratus Eidam a new species from Panama Growth form: plectomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, on feathers Reference: Peterson 2000b: 330. Reference: Benjamin 1956: 311; Dennis 1970: 322. Talaromyces flavus (Klöcker) Stolk & Samson Leotiomycetidae AN: Penicillium vermiculatum P.A. Dang. Helotiales Growth form: plectomycetoid; AN: hyphomycetous Ascocoryne sarcoides (Jacq.) J.W. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Groves & D.E. Wilson banana farm, from weathering cotton fabric Growth form: discomycetoid Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, on wood

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Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, on ferns Reference: Cash 1937: 214, as Coryne Province/Locality: CC, PA sarcoides (Jacq.) Tul. & C. Tul. Reference: Haines 1980: 209.

Belonopsis aciculispora E.K. Cash Davincia helios Penz. & Sacc. a new species from Panama Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on twigs Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Cash 1937: 218; Dennis 1970: 348. Reference: Cash 1937: 214; Dennis 1954: 293; Dennis 1970: 353. Dicephalospora rufocornea (Berk. & Broome) Spooner Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr. Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on leaves, twigs or Ecology: saprobic, on wood branches Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CC, PA, VR Reference: Cash 1937: 214. Reference: Dumont 1980: 256, as Helotium rufocorneum Berk. & Broome. Chlorencoelia versiformis (Pers.) J.R. Dixon Erinella longispora (P. Karst.) Sacc. Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on twigs Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH? (question mark by Reference: Cash 1937: 216, as Cash) Chlorosplenium versiforme (Pers.) P. Karst. Reference: Cash 1937: 218.

Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Godronia splendida Speg. Kanouse genus: Fig. 11 Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on twigs Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Cash 1937: 213. Reference: Cash 1937: 216, as Chlorosplenium aeruginascens (Nyl.) P. Helotium episphaericum Peck Karst. Ecology: mycoparasitic, on Xylaria scruposa, Xylariales, Ascomycota Dasyscyphus varians Rehm var. Province/Locality: BCI varians Reference: Martin 1948: 112. Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on rachis of ferns Helotium pezizoideum Cooke & W. Province/Locality: PA Phillips Reference: Haines 1980: 203. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CH Dasyscyphus varians Rehm var. Reference: Cash 1937: 218. pteridophyllus (Rodw.) Haines Growth form: discomycetoid 28 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Lachnum abnorme (Mont.) J.H. Haines Ecology: saprobic, on bark of dead stems & Dumont Province/Locality: CH Growth form: discomycetoid Reference: Haines & Dumont 1984: 31. Ecology: saprobic, on wood or bark of trees Province/Locality: CH Lachnum patena (Lév.) J.H. Haines & Reference: Haines & Dumont 1984: 10. Dumont Growth form: discomycetoid Lachnum brasiliense (Mont.) J.H. Ecology: saprobic, mostly on dead woody Haines & Dumont stems Growth form: discomycetoid Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, on twigs, wood, or bark of Reference: Haines & Dumont 1984: 33. trees Province/Locality: CH, PA Lachnum sclerotii (A.L. Sm.) J.H. Reference: Cash 1937: 218, as Erinella similis Haines & Dumont Bres., a synonym acc. to Haines & Dumont Growth form: discomycetoid 1984: 23; Haines & Dumont 1984: 23. Ecology: saprobic, on wood or bark of trees Province/Locality: CC Lachnum chusqueae (Pat.) J.H. Haines Reference: Haines & Dumont 1984: 17. & Dumont Growth form: discomycetoid Martininia panamaensis (Whetzel) Ecology: saprobic, on bamboo culms Dumont & Korf Province/Locality: CH a new species from Panama Reference: Cash 1937: 217, as Dasycyphella Growth form: discomycetoid appressa Cash, a synonym acc. to Haines & Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic, on bark, Dumont 1984: 4; Dennis 1954: 301, as wood of rotten logs, or branches Dasyscyphus bambusinus (Bres.) Dennis, a Province/Locality: CA synonym acc. to Haines & Dumont 1984: 4; Reference: Whetzel 1942: 586, as Martinia Dennis 1970: 349, as D. bambusinus. panamaensis Whetzel, acc. to Dumont & Korf 1970: 608; Martin 1948: 113, as M. Lachnum cyphelloides (Pat.) J.H. panamaensis; Dennis 1970: 342, as M. Haines & Dumont panamaensis; Dumont & Korf 1970: 608. Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on twigs or woody stems Mollisia cinerea (Batsch) P. Karst. Province/Locality: CH Growth form: discomycetoid Reference: Cash 1937: 216, as Dasyscyphella Ecology: saprobic, on wood or bark acutipila E.K. Cash, a synonym acc. to Haines Province/Locality: CH & Dumont 1984: 30; Dennis 1954: 303, as Reference: Dennis 1970: 354. Dasyscyphus martinii Dennis, a synonym acc. to Haines & Dumont 1984: 30; Dennis 1970: Patinellaria cubensis (Berk. & M.A. 349, as D. martinii; Haines & Dumont 1984: Curtis) Dennis 30. Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: mycoparasitic, on stromata of Lachnum lagerheimii J.H. Haines & Dumont Reference: Dennis 1970: 347. Growth form: discomycetoid 29 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Proliferodiscus inspersus (Berk. & Trichoglossum rasum Pat. M.A. Curtis) J.H. Haines & Dumont Growth form: spathulate Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on soil Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Mains 1954: 629; Baker 1968: Province/Locality: CH 197. Reference: Cash 1937: 216, cited as Dasyscyphus congregata Henn., a synonym Trichoglossum variabile (E.J. Durand) acc. to Haines & Dumont 1983: 539; Haines Nannf. & Dumont 1983: 538. Growth form: spathulate Ecology: saprobic, on soil Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary Province/Locality: CA Growth form: discomycetoid Reference: Mains 1954: 627; Mains probably Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica oleracea, refers to the same collection as Cash 1937 Brassicaceae; on Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae who calls it T. hirsutum (see above). Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 121, 138. Rhytismatales

Strossmayeria notabilis Iturr. Cerion leucophaeum (Speg.) Dennis a new species from Panama Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on decaying twigs or bark Ecology: saprobic, on fallen palm trunk Province/Locality: CC, CH Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Sherwood 1980: 107. Reference: Iturriaga & Korf 1990: 440. Coccomyces dentatus (J.C. Schmidt & Strossmayeria sordida (E.K. Cash) Kunze) Sacc. Figs. 13-14 Iturr. Growth form: discomycetoid a new species from Panama Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaves, mainly of Growth form: discomycetoid Fagaceae or Ericaceae Ecology: saprobic, on decorticated wood Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CC Reference: Sherwood 1980: 46. Reference: Cash 1937: 215, as Belonium sordidum E.K. Cash; Dennis 1954: 317, as Coccomyces leptosporus Speg. Pseudohelotium sordidum (E.K. Cash) Den- Growth form: discomycetoid nis; Dennis 1970: 348, as P. sordidum; Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaves Iturriaga & Korf 1990: 444. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Sherwood 1980: 66. Trichoglossum hirsutum (Pers.) Boud. genus: Fig. 12 Coccomyces limitatus (Berk. & M.A. Growth form: spathulate Curtis) Sacc. Ecology: saprobic, on soil Growth form: discomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaves Reference: Cash 1937: 221; probably Province/Locality: PA corresponding to T. variabile (see below). Reference: Sherwood 1980: 68.

30 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Coccomyces palmicola Sherwood Appendiculella larviformis (Henn.) a new species from Panama Höhn. var. major Hansf. Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaf of palm, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Acalypha sp., Arecaceae Euphorbiaceae Province/Locality: PA Reference: Hansford 1955: 30. Reference: Sherwood 1980: 72. Appendiculella sororcula (Speg.) Propolis quadrifida (Lév.) Mont. Hansf. Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaf of Clusia sp. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rhabdadenia Province/Locality: CC, PA paludosa, Apocynaceae; on Eupatorium sp., Reference: Sherwood 1977b: 325. Calea pittieri, Asteraceae Province/Locality: CA, PA Meliolomycetidae Reference: Stevens 1927b: 423, as Irene sororcula (Speg.) F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: Meliolales 615; Dennis 1970: 244; Rodríguez & Minter 1999a. Amazonia corozalensis Bat. & Nascim. in Batista & Maia Appendiculella tonkinensis (P. Karst. & a new species from Panama Roum.) Toro var. cecropiae (F. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Stevens) Hansf. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Spondias a new variety from Panama purpurea, Anacardiaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cecropia Reference: Batista & Maia 1957: 445; arachnoidea, C. longifera, Cecropiaceae Katumoto & Hosagoudar 1989: 616. Province/Locality: CA, CN Reference: Stevens 1927b: 427, as Irene Appendiculella arecibensis (F. tonkinensis (Karsten & Roumeguère) F. Stevens) Toro Stevens var. cecropiae F. Stevens; Hansford Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1961: 321; Dennis 1970: 251. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Acalypha diversifolia, Euphorbiaceae Appendiculella vernoniae (F. Stevens) Reference: Hansford 1961: 204; Dennis 1970: Hansf. 246. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Appendiculella larviformis (Henn.) Ecology: plant parasitic, on Vernonia sp., Höhn. Asteraceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA, PA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Acalypha Reference: Stevens 1927b: 424, as Irene diversifolia, Euphorbiaceae sororcula (Speg.) F. Stevens var. vernoniae F. Province/Locality: CA Stevens; Hansford 1955: 31; Hansford 1961: Reference: Stevens 1927b: 425, as Irene 617; Dennis 1970: 244. larviformis (Henn.) F. Stevens.

31 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Asteridiella anguriae (F. Stevens) Province/Locality: CN Hansf. Reference: Stevens 1927b: 458, as Irenina Growth form: pyrenomycetoid costi F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 704; Dennis Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cucurbitaceae 1970: 258; Bussaban et al. 2002: 170, as I. Province/Locality: CA costi. Reference: Stevens 1927b: 464, as Irenina anguriae F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 123; Asteridiella doliocarpi (Hansf.) Hansf. Dennis 1970: 245. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Asteridiella bomplandii (Speg.) Hansf. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Doliocarpus sp., Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Dilleniaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sapindus Province/Locality: CA saponaria, Sapindaceae Reference: Hansford 1955: 29, as Province/Locality: CA Appendiculella doliocarpi Hansf.; Hansford Reference: Stevens 1927b: 450, as Irenina 1961: 100; Dennis 1970: 245. bonplandi (Speg.) F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 426. Asteridiella glabra (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Hansf. var. isertiae (F. Stevens) Hansf. Asteridiella colubrinae (F. Stevens) a new variety from Panama Hansf. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Isertia haenkiana, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Psychotria sp., Rubiaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Colubrina rufa, Province/Locality: CA, PA Rhamnaceae Reference: Stevens 1927b: 460, as Irenina Province/Locality: CA isertiae F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 579; Reference: Stevens 1927b: 451, as Irenina Dennis 1970: 254. colubrinae F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 364; Dennis 1970: 253. Asteridiella glabroides (F. Stevens) Hansf. Asteridiella combreti (F. Stevens) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Hansf. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Piper breve, P. a new species from Panama smilacifoliu, P. persubulatum?, P. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid villiramulum, Piperaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Combretum Province/Locality: CA, CN, PA farinosum, Combretaceae Reference: Stevens 1927b: 463, as Irenina Province/Locality: CA glabroides (F. Stevens) F. Stevens; Hansford Reference: Stevens 1927b: 465, as Irenina 1961: 71; Dennis 1970: 253. combreti F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 159; Dennis 1970: 244. Asteridiella lagunculariae (Earle) Hansf. Asteridiella costi (F. Stevens) Hansf. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Laguncularia Growth form: pyrenomycetoid racemosa, Combretaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Costus sp., Province/Locality: CA Costaceae 32 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Stevens 1927b: 458, as Irenina Asteridiella obscura (F. Stevens) lagunculariae (Earle) F. Stevens; Hansford Hansf. 1961: 160; Dennis 1970: 244. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Asteridiella longipedicellata (F. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dilleniaceae Stevens) Hansf. var. major Hansf. Province/Locality: CA a new variety from Panama Reference: Stevens 1927b: 454, as Irenina Growth form: pyrenomycetoid obscura F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 103; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Doliocarpus sp., Dennis 1970: 246. Dilleniaceae Reference: Hansford 1957a: 56; Hansford Asteridiella olmediae Hansf. 1961: 102; Dennis 1970: 245, as Asteridiella a new species from Panama longipedicellata. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Olmedia aspera, Asteridiella longipoda (Gaillard) Hansf. Moraceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cordia Reference: Stevens 1927b: 463, as Irenina heterophylla, Boraginaceae glabroides (F. Stevens) F. Stevens p.p., acc. to Province/Locality: CA Hansford 1957c: 48; Hansford 1957c: 48; Reference: Stevens 1927b: 459, as Irenina Hansford 1961: 324; Dennis 1970: 251. longipoda (Gaillard) F. Stevens. Asteridiella papillifera (Syd.) Hansf. Asteridiella meibomiae (F. Stevens) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Hansf. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Doliocarpus sp., a new species from Panama Dilleniaceae; Province/Locality: CA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1927b: 428, as Irene Ecology: plant parasitic, on Meibomia cana, papillifera Syd. Fabaceae Province/Locality: CA Asteridiella peruviana (Syd. & P. Syd.) Reference: Stevens 1927b: 454, as Irenina Hansf. meibomiae F. Stevens; Baker & Dale 1951: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 14, as I. meibomiae; Hansford 1961: 272; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arrabidaea Dennis 1970: 250. pachycalyx, Bignoniaceae Province/Locality: CA Asteridiella melastomatacearum Reference: Stevens 1928: 255, as Meliola (Speg.) Hansf. peruviana Syd. & P. Syd. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Clidemia neglecta, Asteridiella tremae (Speg.) Hansf. Miconia lacera, Melastomataceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Trema sp., Reference: Stevens 1927b: 459, as Irenina Ulmaceae melastomacearum (Speg.) F. Stevens; Province/Locality: CA Hansford 1961: 154; Dennis 1970: 251. Reference: Stevens 1927b: 457, as Irenina tremae (Speg.) F. Stevens p.p.; Hansford 1961: 316; Dennis 1970: 257. 33 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Asteridiella usteriana (Syd.) Hansf. 1951: 16, as I. bignoniacearum; Hansford Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1961: 660. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cordia heterophylla, Boraginaceae Irenopsis conostegiae F. Stevens Reference: Hansford 1961: 630; Dennis 1970: a new species from Panama 243. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Conostegia Asteridiella vilis (Syd. & P. Syd.) Hansf. xalapensis, Melastomataceae var. caracasensis Hansf. Province/Locality: CA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1927b: 439; Hansford Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citharexylum 1961: 152; Dennis 1970: 251. caudatum, Verbenaceae Province/Locality: CA Irenopsis cornuta (Rehm) Hansf. Reference: Stevens 1927b: 463, as Irenina Growth form: pyrenomycetoid glabroides (F. Stevens) F. Stevens p.p., acc. to Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lygodium Hansford 1961: 686; Hansford 1961: 686; polymorphum, Pteridophyta Dennis 1970: 258. Reference: Hansford 1961: 753.

Asteridiella villebruneae (Hansf.) Irenopsis hurae (Syd.) Hansf. Hansf. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hura crepitans, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Myriocarpa Euphorbiaceae longipes, Urticaceae Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1927b: 441, as Irenopsis Reference: Stevens 1927b: 457, as Irenina crotonis (F. Stevens & Tehon) F. Stevens, a tremae (Speg.) F. Stevens p.p., acc. to wrong identification acc. to Hansford 1961: Hansford 1961: 332; Hansford 1961: 332; 208; Hansford 1961: 207; Dennis 1970: 246. Dennis 1970: 257. Irenopsis molleriana (G. Winter) F. Irenopsis aciculosa (G. Winter) F. Stevens Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hibiscus tiliaceus, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sida sp., Malache sessiliflora, M. ovata, Sida sp., Malvaceae Malvaceae Reference: Hansford 1961: 186. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1927b: 437; Hansford Irenopsis brasiliensis (Speg.) Hansf. 1961: 184; Dennis 1970: 250. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bignoniaceae Irenopsis pteridicola (F. Stevens) Province/Locality: CA, PA Hansf. Reference: Stevens 1927b: 442, as Irenopsis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid bignoniacearum F. Stevens, a synonym acc. to Ecology: plant parasitic, on Adiantum Hansford 1961: 660; Stevens 1928: 243, as petiolatum, Aneimia sp., Lygodium Meliola shropshiriana F. Stevens, a synonym polymorphum, L. radiatum, Pteridophyta acc. to Hansford 1961: 660; Baker & Dale Province/Locality: CA, PA 34 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Stevens 1928: 252, as Meliola Reference: Stevens 1927b: 435, as Irenopsis pteridicola F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 752; coronata (Speg.) F. Stevens var. triumfettae Dennis 1970: 259; Rodríguez & Minter (F. Stevens) F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: 170, 1999b. 178; Dennis 1970: 257.

Irenopsis shropshiriana (F. Stevens) Meliola alibertiae F. Stevens Hansf. a new species from Panama a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Alibertia edulis, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Miconia argentea, Rubiaceae Melastomataceae Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Stevens 1928: 258; Hansford 1961: Reference: Stevens 1927b: 452, as Irenina 591; Dennis 1970: 254. shropshiriana F. Stevens; Standley 1927: 6, as I. shropshiriana; Standley 1933: 17, as I. Meliola ambigua Pat. & Gaillard shropshiriana; Hansford 1961: 152; Dennis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1970: 251. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lantana sp., Verbenaceae Irenopsis tortuosa (G. Winter) F. Province/Locality: CA Stevens Reference: Stevens 1928: 254; Hansford 1961: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 692; Dennis 1970: 258. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Piper peltatum, P. sanjoseanum, Piperaceae Meliola amerimni (F. Stevens) Hansf. Province/Locality: CA, PA a new species from Panama Reference: Stevens 1927b: 439; Hansford Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1961: 69. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Merimnon brownei (Amerimnum brownii), Fabaceae Irenopsis toruloidea (F. Stevens) F. Province/Locality: CA Stevens Reference: Stevens 1928: 189, as Meliola Growth form: pyrenomycetoid bicornis Winter var. amerimni F. Stevens; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cassia pilifera, Hansford 1961: 273; Dennis 1970: 249. Fabaceae Province/Locality: CA, PA Meliola amphigena F. Stevens & Tehon Reference: Stevens 1927b: 441; Hansford Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1961: 244; Dennis 1970: 248. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Borreria sp., Hamelia patens, Isertia sp., Rubiaceae Irenopsis triumfettae (F. Stevens) Province/Locality: CN Hansf. & Deighton Reference: Stevens 1928: 247; Hansford 1961: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 601; Dennis 1970: 254. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Helicteres guazumaefolia, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Luhea Meliola andirae Earle speciosa, Malache ovata, M. sessiliflora, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Malvaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Andira inermis, Province/Locality: CA, Loma Bracho Fabaceae Province/Locality: CA 35 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Reference: Stevens 1928: 230; Hansford 1961: Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Stevens 1928: 294; Dennis 1970: 249. 256; Standley 1933: 17; all as Meliola peruviana Syd. & P. Syd. var. irregularis F. Meliola angustispora F. Stevens Stevens. Hansford 1961: 674; Dennis 1970: a new species from Panama 243. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Baccharis Meliola banarae F. Stevens rhexioides, Asteraceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1928: 264; Hansford 1961: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Banara guianen- 621; Dennis 1970: 244. sis, Flacourtiaceae Province/Locality: CN Meliola annonae F. Stevens Reference: Stevens 1928: 249; Hansford 1961: a new species from Panama 118; Dennis 1970: 255. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Annona purpurea, Meliola bicornis G. Winter Annonaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: PA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Desmodium Reference: Stevens 1928: 278; Hansford 1961: canum (Meibomia cana), Fabaceae 38; Dennis 1970: 241. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1928: 188; Hansford 1961: Meliola aristolochiicola F. Stevens 280; Dennis 1970: 249. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Meliola bignoniacearum F. Stevens Ecology: plant parasitic, on Aristolochia a new species from Panama maxima, Aristolochiaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: PA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arrabidaea sp., Reference: Stevens 1928: 240; Baker & Dale Bignoniaceae 1951: 10; Hansford 1961: 67; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: CA, DA, PA 242. Reference: Stevens 1928: 196; Hansford 1961: 664; Dennis 1970: 243. Meliola arrabidaeae Hansf. a new species from Panama Meliola bignoniacearum F. Stevens var. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid major Hansf. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arrabidaea sp., Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Bignoniaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phryganocydia Reference: Hansford 1957b: 99; Hansford corymbosa, Bignoniaceae 1961: 673; Dennis 1970: 243. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1928: 196; Hansford 1961: Meliola arrabidaeae Hansf. var. 669; Dennis 1970: 243. irregularis (F. Stevens) Hansf. a new variety from Panama Meliola burseracearum F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bignoniaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI 36 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Ecology: plant parasitic, on Tetragastis Meliola clavulata G. Winter var. batatae panamensis, Burseraceae F. Stevens Province/Locality: CA a new variety from Panama Reference: Stevens 1928: 199; Hansford 1961: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 399; Dennis 1970: 244. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea sp., Convolvulaceae Meliola byrsonimae F. Stevens var. Province/Locality: CA minor Hansf. Reference: Stevens 1928: 241; Hansford 1961: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 651; Dennis 1970: 245. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Byrsonima crassifolia, Malpighiaceae Meliola connari H.S. Yates var. Province/Locality: CA panamensis Hansf. Reference: Stevens 1928: 264, as Meliola a new variety from Panama byrsonimae F. Stevens; Hansford 1957a: 66; Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Hansford 1961: 198; Dennis 1970: 250. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Connarus panamensis, Connaraceae Meliola chagres F. Stevens Reference: Hansford 1957b: 105; Hansford a new species from Panama 1961: 476; Dennis 1970: 245. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Inga sp., Fabaceae Meliola cookeana Speg. Province/Locality: CA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1928: 178; Hansford 1961: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bradburia 259; Dennis 1970: 248. angustifolia, Asteraceae; on Solanum sp., Solanaceae Meliola cissi-rhombifoliae Hansf. Province/Locality: PA a new species from Panama Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 67. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cissus Meliola crenata G. Winter var. rhombifolia, Vitaceae bunchosiae Hansf. Province/Locality: CA a new variety from Panama Reference: Stevens 1928: 250, as Meliola Growth form: pyrenomycetoid rizalensis Syd. & P. Syd. var. panamensis F. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bunchosia Stevens, a synonym acc. to Hansford 1957b: cornifolia, Malpighiaceae 104; Hansford 1957b: 104; Hansford 1961: Province/Locality: Loma Bracha 375; Dennis 1970: 258. Reference: Stevens 1928: 190, as Meliola crenata; Hansford 1957b: 105; Hansford Meliola clavulata G. Winter 1961: 195; Dennis 1970: 250. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea sp., Meliola crenatissima Syd. Convolvulaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Erythrina Reference: Stevens 1928: 241; Hansford 1961: rubrinervis, Fabaceae 650; Dennis 1970: 245. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Stevens 1928: 193; Hansford 1961: 276; Dennis 1970: 249. 37 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Meliola cristata Syd. Meliola diphysae F. Stevens a new species from Panama a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Calopogonium Ecology: plant parasitic, on Diphysa coeruleum, Fabaceae robinioides, Fabaceae Province/Locality: PA Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1928: 193; Stevens 1928: Reference: Stevens 1928: 195; Hansford 1961: 255, as Meliola calopogonii F. Stevens, a 290; Dennis 1970: 249. synonym acc. to Hansford 1961: 275; Hansford 1961: 275; Dennis 1970: 249. Meliola duggenae F. Stevens a new species from Panama Meliola crucifera Starbäck Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Duggena Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sapindus (Gonzalagunia) sp., Rubiaceae saponaria, Sapindaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Hansford 1961: 428; Dennis 1970: Reference: Stevens 1928: 198; Hansford 1961: 255; Rodríguez & Minter 1999c. 584; Dennis 1970: 253.

Meliola culebrensis Hansf. Meliola duggenae F. Stevens var. a new species from Panama panamensis F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new variety from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Acanthaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Duggena Reference: Hansford 1957b: 106; Hansford (Gonzalagunia) panamensis, D. rudis, 1961: 682; Dennis 1970: 241. Rubiaceae Province/Locality: PA Meliola cydistae F. Stevens Reference: Stevens 1928: 198; Hansford 1961: a new species from Panama 586; Dennis 1970: 254. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cydista sp., Meliola elaeis F. Stevens Bignoniaceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1928: 193; Hansford 1961: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arecaceae 668; Dennis 1970: 243. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1928: 181; Hansford 1961: Meliola dieffenbachiae F. Stevens 723; Dennis 1970: 252. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dieffenbachia Meliola furcata Lév. longispatha, Araceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cissus sicyoides, Reference: Stevens 1927b: 458, as Irenina C. rhombifolia, Vitaceae aracearum F. Stevens, a synonym acc. to Province/Locality: CA, PA Hansford 1961: 715; Hansford 1961: 715; Reference: Stevens 1928: 181, as Meliola Dennis 1970: 242. merrillii Syd. & P. Syd., a synonym acc. to

38 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Hansford 1961: 372; Hansford 1961: 372; Province/Locality: CA Dennis 1970: 258. Reference: Stevens 1928: 191; Baker & Dale 1951: 18; Hansford 1961: 705; Dennis 1970: Meliola heliconiae F. Stevens 258. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Meliola macropoda Syd. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Heliconia sp., Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Heliconiaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zanthoxylum sp., Province/Locality: BCI Rutaceae Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Stevens 1928: Reference: Hansford 1961: 392; Dennis 1970: 210; Standley 1933: 17; Hansford 1961: 702; 254. Dennis 1970: 251. Meliola malacotricha Speg. Meliola hippomaneae F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea sp., Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Jacquemontia pentantha, Convolvulaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hippomane Province/Locality: CA mancinella, Euphorbiaceae Reference: Stevens 1928: 227; Hansford 1961: Province/Locality: PA 647; Dennis 1970: 245. Reference: Stevens 1928: 284; Hansford 1961: 230; Dennis 1970: 246; Poonyth et al. 2000: Meliola malaneae F. Stevens & Tehon 110; Schmitt & Shearer 2003: 443. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rubiaceae Meliola inconspicua Hansf. Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Stevens 1928: 247. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Melastomataceae Meliola mandevillae F. Stevens Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Hansford 1957b: 110; Hansford Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1961: 158; Dennis 1970: 251. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mandevilla sp., Apocynaceae Meliola lonchocarpicola F. Stevens Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Stevens 1928: 245; Hansford 1961: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 562. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lonchocarpus sp., Fabaceae Meliola mandingensis Hansf. Province/Locality: CA, CN a new species from Panama Reference: Stevens 1928: 207; Hansford 1961: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 290; Dennis 1970: 249. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bignoniaceae Province/Locality: CN Meliola longistipitata F. Stevens Reference: Hansford 1957b: 112; Hansford a new species from Panama 1961: 666; Dennis 1970: 243. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Costus spicatus, Dimerocostus uniflorus, Costaceae 39 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Meliola mangiferae Earle Fig. 15 Reference: Hansford 1957c: 57. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Anacardium Meliola palmicola G. Winter occidentale, Mangifera indica, Anacardiaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA, PA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arecaceae Reference: Stevens 1928: 208; Toro 1930: Province/Locality: BCI 238; Hansford 1961: 464; McGuire & Cran- Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Stevens 1928: dall 1967: 131; Rodríguez & Minter 1998a. 210; Standley 1933: 17; Hansford 1961: 724.

Meliola mayaguesiana F. Stevens Meliola panamensis F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rubiaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Hansford 1961: 588; Dennis 1970: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coccoloba sp., 253. Polygonaceae Province/Locality: CA Meliola melanococcae F. Stevens Reference: Stevens 1928: 212; Hansford 1961: a new species from Panama 86; Dennis 1970: 253. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Elaeis Meliola panici Earle var. lasiacidis melanococca, Arecaceae (Toro) Hansf. Province/Locality: DA, PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1928: 183; Hansford 1961: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lasiacis 725; Dennis 1970: 252. oaxacoensis, L. procerrima, L. rudifolia, L. ruscifolia, L. sorghoidea, Poaceae Meliola morowii F. Stevens Ref.: Hansford 1961: 746; Dennis 1970: 247. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Meliola panici Earle var. olyrae Hansf. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arecaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: VR Ecology: plant parasitic, on Olyra latifolia, Reference: Stevens 1928: 183; Hansford 1961: Poaceae 724; Dennis 1970: 252. Reference: Hansford 1961: 747; Rodríguez & Minter 1999d. Meliola musae (Kunze) Mont. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Meliola panici Earle var. panici Ecology: plant parasitic, on Heliconia Growth form: pyrenomycetoid latispatha, Heliconiaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Andropogon Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CN bicornis, Olyra latifolia, Panicum megiston, Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Stevens 1928: Homolepis aturensis, Lasiacis oaxacensis, L. 215; Standley 1933: 17; Hansford 1961: 703; procerrima, L. rudifolia, L. ruscifolia, L. McGuire & Crandall 1967: 130; Dennis 1970: sorghoidea, Chusquea pittieri, Poaceae 251. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, PA Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Stevens 1928: Meliola mussaendae-arcuatae Hansf. 261; Standley 1933: 17; Hansford 1961: 745; Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Dennis 1970: 247. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rubiaceae 40 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Meliola paulliniae F. Stevens var. Reference: Stevens 1928: 246. dentata F. Stevens a new variety from Panama Meliola randiae-aculeatae Hansf. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paullinia cururu, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rondeletia Serjania triquetra, Sapindaceae amoena, Rubiaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Hansford 1961: 603; Dennis 1970: Reference: Stevens 1928: 197; Hansford 1961: 254. 432, 450; Dennis 1970: 255. Meliola sapindacearum Speg. Meliola paulliniae F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sapindus Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paullinia cururu, saponaria, Sapindaceae Sapindaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1928: 274; Hansford 1961: Reference: Stevens 1928: 190. 450; Dennis 1970: 255. Meliola sapindi F. Stevens Meliola pilocarpi F. Stevens a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zanthoxylum?, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sapindus Rutaceae saponaria, Sapindaceae Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: Reference: Stevens 1928: 199; Hansford 1961: 17. 431; Dennis 1970: 255.

Meliola protii F. Stevens Meliola serjaniae F. Stevens var. a new species from Panama dentata F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new variety from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Protium Growth form: pyrenomycetoid panamense, Burseraceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Serjania triquetra, Province/Locality: CA Sapindaceae Reference: Stevens 1928: 199; Hansford 1961: Province/Locality: CA 398; Dennis 1970: 244. Reference: Stevens 1928: 280.

Meliola psychotriae Earle Meliola solani F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Acanthaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Solanum sp., Province/Locality: CA Solanaceae Reference: Stevens 1928: 246. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Stevens 1927b: 439, as Irenopsis Meliola psychotriae Earle solani (F. Stevens) F. Stevens; Hansford 1961: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 643; Dennis 1970: 256. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hamelia erecta, Rubiaceae Province/Locality: PA 41 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Meliola spigeliae Hansf. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cupania Growth form: pyrenomycetoid seemannii, Sapindaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Strychnos taxifera, Province/Locality: CA Loganiaceae Reference: Stevens 1928: 204; Hansford 1961: Reference: Hansford 1961: 527; Dennis 1970: 433; Dennis 1970: 255. 250. Meliola vignae-gracilis Hansf. & Meliola strychnicola Gaillard Deighton var. panamensis Hansf. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new variety from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Strychnos taxifera, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Loganiaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Wenderothia Province/Locality: CA (Canavalia) lasiocalyx, Desmodium Reference: Stevens 1928: 251. (Meibomia) axillare, Fabaceae Province/Locality: CA Meliola tabernaemontanae Speg. Reference: Hansford 1955: 78; Hansford Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1957a: 95; Lenné 1990: 45; Hansford 1961: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Tabernaemontana 289. grandifolia, Apocynaceae Province/Locality: CA, PA Meliola wardii F. Stevens Reference: Stevens 1928: 253; Hansford 1961: a new species from Panama 553; Dennis 1970: 242. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Malouetia Meliola tounateae F. Stevens panamensis, Apocynaceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1928: 213; Hansford 1961: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Tounatea sp., 545; Dennis 1970: 242. Fabaceae Province/Locality: VR Meliola wardii F. Stevens var. minor Reference: Stevens 1928: 204; Hansford 1961: Hansford 248; Dennis 1970: 248. a new variety from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Meliola trichostroma (Kunze) Toro Ecology: plant parasitic, on Malouetia Growth form: pyrenomycetoid panamensis, Apocynaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Psidium guajaba, Reference: Hansford 1957c: 61; Hansford Myrtaceae 1961: 546; Dennis 1970: 242. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1928: 271, as Meliola Meliola xylopiae F. Stevens psidii Fr., a synonym acc. to Hansford 1961: a new species from Panama 146; Hansford 1961: 146; Rodríguez & Minter Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1998b. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Xylopia grandiflora, X. frutescens, Annonaceae Meliola variaseta F. Stevens Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Stevens 1928: 257; Baker & Dale Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1951: 10; Hansford 1961: 34.

42 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Meliola xylosmae F. Stevens Ascodesmis porcina Seaver a new species from Panama Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on dung or soil Ecology: plant parasitic, on Myroxylon Reference: Dennis 1970: 337. intermedium, Flacourtiaceae Province/Locality: CA Cookeina speciosa (Fr.) Dennis Fig. 16 Reference: Stevens 1928: 256; Hansford 1961: Growth form: discomycetoid 112; Dennis 1970: 246. Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI, CC Meliola zetekii F. Stevens Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: a new species from Panama 393, 396; Standley 1933: 17; Cash 1937: 220; Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Denison 1967: 312; Dennis 1970: 339; all as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Piper Cookeina sulcipes (Berk.) Kuntze, a synonym paulownifolium, Piperaceae acc. to Weinstein et al. 2002: 673. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Stevens 1928: 192; Standley 1933: Cookeina tricholoma (Mont.) Kuntze 18; Hansford 1961: 73; Dennis 1970: 253. Fig. 17 Growth form: discomycetoid Pezizomycetidae Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, PA Pezizales Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: 393; Standley 1933: 17; Cash 1937: 220; Aleuria cestrica (Ellis & Everh.) Seaver Denison 1967: 310. Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on plant debris on soil Cookeina venezuelae (Berk. & M.A. Province/Locality: CH Curtis) Le Gal Reference: Cash 1937: 219. Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Aleurina stipitata E.K. Cash Province/Locality: CH a new species from Panama Reference: Cash 1937: 220, as Cookeina Growth form: discomycetoid colensoi (Berk.) Seaver, probably a wrong Ecology: saprobic, on soil identification; Denison 1967: 314. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Cash 1937: 219. Coprobia granulata (Bull.) Boud. Growth form: discomycetoid immersus Pers. Ecology: saprobic, on cow dung Growth form: discomycetoid Reference: Dennis 1970: 335. Ecology: saprobic, on dung Reference: Dennis 1970: 337. Coprotus argenteus (Curr.) Waraitch Growth form: discomycetoid Ascodesmis microscopica (P. Crouan Ecology: saprobic, on dung & H. Crouan) Le Gal Reference: Dennis 1970: 338, as Ascophanus Growth form: discomycetoid argenteus (Curr.) Boud. Ecology: saprobic, on dung or soil Reference: Dennis 1970: 337. 43 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Humaria cf. orinocensis Pat. & Gaillard Reference: Cash 1937: 220, as Lamprospora Growth form: discomycetoid constellatio (Berk. & Broome) Seaver, a Ecology: saprobic, on wood, on soil synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Cash 1937: 220. Saccobolus glaber (Pers.) Lambotte Growth form: discomycetoid Iodophanus carneus (Pers.) Korf Ecology: saprobic, on dung Growth form: discomycetoid Reference: Dennis 1970: 337, as Saccobolus Ecology: saprobic, on dung, rotting plants, or kervernii (H. Crouan & P. Crouan) Boud., a textiles synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Reference: Dennis 1970: 338, as Ascophanus carneus Pers. asperrima (Ellis & Everh.) Le Gal genus: Fig. 19 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Fig. 18 Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid, stipitate Ecology: saprobic, on logs or dead Musa Ecology: saprobic, on soil stems Province/Locality: CH Reference: Dennis 1970: 333. Reference: Cash 1937: 221. Scutellinia cubensis (Berk. & M.A. Peziza trachycarpa Curr. Curtis) Gamundi Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on soil Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Cash 1937: 220, as Lamprospora Reference: Cash 1937: 220, as Lachnea trachycarpa (Curr.) Seaver. cubensis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc.

Phillipsia chardoniana Seaver Scutellinia setosa (Nees) Kuntze Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood with mosses Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CC Province/Locality: CA Reference: Cash 1937: 221. Reference: Cash 1937: 220, as Lachnea setosa (Nees) Cooke; Dennis 1970: 333. domingensis (Berk.) Berk. Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on logs Saccharomycetidae Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Weston 1933: 401; Standley 1933: Saccharomycetales 18; Dennis 1970: 339. Pichia cf. stipitis Pignal Pulvinula convexella (P. Karst.) Pfister Growth form: yeast Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: symbiotic in gut of Verres Ecology: saprobic, on soil sternbergianus, Passalidae (Coleoptera) Province/Locality: CC Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Suh et al. 2003: 3137.

44 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Sordariomycetidae Pseudothis coccodes (Lév.) Theiss. & Syd. Boliniales Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic Catabotrys deciduum (Berk. & Broome) Reference: Dennis 1970: 268. Seaver & Waterston Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Pseudothis pulchella (Speg.) Theiss. Ecology: saprobic, on a fallen trunk Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dalbergia Reference: Martin 1948: 111. brownii, Fabaceae Province/Locality: CA Diaporthales Reference: Stevens 1930: 285.

Diaporthe citri F.A. Wolf Pseudovalsa tropicalis Wehm. in G.W. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Martin Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., a new species from Panama Rutaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Ecology: saprobic, on bark of prostrate trunk & Crandall 1967: 134. Province/Locality: CH

Ref.: Martin 1944: 67; Dennis 1970: 270. Diaporthe vexans Gratz AN: Phomopsis vexans (Sacc. & P. Valsella pedicellata E.K. Cash & A.M.J. Syd.) Harter Watson Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Solanum Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oncidium melongena, Solanaceae ampliatum, Orchidaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203. Province/Locality: CA

Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 736. Diatractium cordianum (Ellis & Kelsey) Syd. Halosphaeriales Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cordia Antennospora quadricornuta (Cribb & collococca, C. glabra, Boraginaceae J.W. Cribb) T.W. Johnson Province/Locality: PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Chardón 1930b: 270, as Ecology: saprobic, marin, on dead wood, Diatractium cordiae (F. Stevens) Syd. & P. fruits, or palm petioles Syd., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Reference: Schmitt & Shearer 2003: 431. Dennis 1970: 268. Hypocreales Diatractium ingae (Rehm) Syd. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Bionectriaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Inga sp., Fabaceae Bionectria aureofulva (Cooke & Ellis) Province/Locality: CA Schroers & Samuels Reference: Stevens 1930: 281. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on branch

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Province/Locality: VR Hydropisphaera suffulta (Berk. & M.A. Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 403, as Curtis) Rossman & Samuels Nectria aureofulva Cooke & Ellis. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on burned banana stalk, Bionectria byssicola (Berk. & Broome) palm petiole, monocot stem, herbaceous stem Schroers & Samuels Province/Locality: CA, CH, PA, VR Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 408, as Ecology: saprobic, on branches, herbaceous Nectria suffulta Berk. & M.A. Curtis. stems, bark, twigs Province/Locality: CA, CC, PA, VR Nectriopsis mindoensis (Petr.) Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 404, as Samuels Nectria byssicola Berk. & Broome. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on rachis of ferns Bioectria ochroleuca (Schwein.) Province/Locality: VR Schroers & Samuels Reference: Samuels 1998: 28. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on log, herbaceous stem, Peristomialis berkeleyi Boud. frond of palm, or fruit stalk of Carludowica Growth form: pyrenomycetoid sp., Cyclanthaceae Ecology: saprobic, on Heliconia sp. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH, PA Province/Locality: KY Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 402, as Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 415, as Nectria ochroleuca (Schwein.) Berk. Nectria peristomialis (Berk. & Broome) Samuels, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Bionectria pityrodes (Mont.) Schroers Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ceratostomataceae Ecology: saprobic, on bark Province/Locality: PA Melanospora brevirostris (Fuckel) Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 407, as Höhn. Nectria pityrodes (Mont.) Mont. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Bionectria subquaternata (Berk. & Province/Locality: CH Broome) Schroers & Samuels Ref.: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: 259. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on branch Melanospora lagenaria (Pers.) Fuckel Province/Locality: CC Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 405, as Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Nectria subquaternata Berk. & Broome. Province/Locality: BCI Ref.: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: 259. Hydropisphaera arenuloides (Samuels) Rossman & Samuels Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ascopolyporus philodendrus J.F. Ecology: saprobic, on herbaceous stem or leaf Bischoff Province/Locality: PA a new species from Panama Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 418, as Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Nectria arenuloides Samuels. 46 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Ecology: probably parasitic on scale insects, Cordyceps salebrosa Mains Coccidae (Homoptera), on Philodendron sp., a new species from Panama Araceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: parasitic on Elateridae (Coleoptera) Reference: Bischoff et al. 2005: 711. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Mains 1947: 541; Dennis 1970: Ascopolyporus polychrous A. Møller 266. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chusquea Cordyceps sp. scandens, Poaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: parasitic on Camponotus atriceps, Ref.: Heim 1954: 418; Dennis 1970: 262. Formicidae (Hymenoptera) Province/Locality: CA Ascopolyporus villosus A. Møller Reference: Hughes et al. 2004: 48. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: probably parasitic on scale insects, Cordyceps sp. Coccidae (Homoptera) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: parasitic on beetles (Coleoptera) Reference: Bischoff et al. 2005: 711. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1933: 18. Balansia strangulans (Henn.) Diehl Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Cordyceps tuberculata (Lebert) Maire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Panicum Growth form: pyrenomycetoid haenkeanum, Poaceae Ecology: parasitic on moths, Pyralidae (Lepi- Reference: Lenné 1990: 90. doptera) Reference: Dennis 1970: 265. Balansia strangulans (Mont.) Diehl f. discoidea (Henn.) Diehl Torrubiella piperis J.F. Bischoff & J.F. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid White Ecology: plant parasitic, on Panicum a new species from Panama boliviense, Poaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Diehl 1950: 33; Dennis 1970: 263. Ecology: parasitic on scale insects, Coccidae (Homoptera) Cordyceps lloydii H.S. Fawc. Province/Locality: BCI genus: Fig. 20 Reference: Bischoff & White 2004: 91. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: parasitic on ants, Formicidae Hypocreaceae (Hymenoptera) Reference: Dennis 1970: 266. Hypomyces tegillum Berk. & M.A. Curtis Cordyceps polyarthra A. Møller Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on logs Ecology: parasitic on moths, Pyralidae (Lepi- Province/Locality: CH doptera) Reference: Rogerson & Samuels 1993: 269; Reference: Dennis 1970: 265. Põldmaa & Samuels 1999: 194. 47 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Nectriaceae Province/Locality: CC, CH Calonectria kyotensis Terash. Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 392, as Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Nectria flavolanata Berk. & Broome. Ecology: saprobic, on fruit or other substrates Province/Locality: BCI, CA Lanatonectria flocculenta (Henn. & E. Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 390; Nyman) Samuels & Rossman Crous 2002: 101. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on Acacia costaricensis, Calonectria rumohrae El-Gholl & Fabaceae Alfenas Reference: Samuels & Brayford 1994: 97, as a new species from Panama Nectria flocculenta (Henn. & E. Nyman) AN: Cylindrocladium rumohrae El- Höhn. Gholl & Alfenas Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: Lanatonectria mammiformis (Chardón) hyphomycetous Samuels & Rossman Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Rumohra Growth form: pyrenomycetoid adiantiformis, Pteridophyta Ecology: saprobic, on bark Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI Reference: El-Gholl & Alfenas 1997: 478; Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 393, as Crous 2002: 155. Nectria mammiformis (Chardón) Samuels.

Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenw. Nectria brassicae Ellis & Sacc. AN: Fusarium moniliforme J. Sheld. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil hyphomycetous Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum vulgare, Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Dialonectria Zea mays, Poaceae brassicae (Ellis & Sacc.) Cooke; Dennis 1970: Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 118, 315. 122. According to the Index Fungorum, the teleomorph of F. moniliforme is Gibberella Nectria calami (Henn. & E. Nyman) moniliformis Wineland. Rossman Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch Ecology: saprobic, on rachis of fern, petiole of AN: Fusarium graminearum Schwabe leaf, herbaceous stem, peduncle of palm fruit, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: or burned banana stalk hyphomycetous Province/Locality: KY, PA, VR Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 419. Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 118. Nectria coccophila (Tul. & C. Tul.) Wollenw. & Reinking Lanatonectria flavolanata (Berk. & AN: Fusarium coccophilum (Desm.) Broome) Samuels & Rossman Wollenw. & Reinking Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: Ecology: saprobic, on twigs hyphomycetous

48 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Ecology: parasitic on insects, on Citrus sp., Nectria galligena Bres. Rutaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 135, as Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Sphaerostilbe aurantiicola (Berk. & Broome) Province/Locality: BCI, CA Petch, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Dialonectria galligena (Bres.) Petch ex E.W. Mason & Nectria consors (Ellis & Everh.) Seaver Grainger. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on twigs or branch Nectria gigantospora Zimm. Province/Locality: CC, CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 385. Ecology: saprobic, on leaf or fruit of Didymopanax morototoni, Araliaceae Nectria coronata Penz. & Sacc. Province/Locality: CA, CC, PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Martin 1948: 111; Samuels & Ecology: saprobic, on leaf Dumont 1982: 391. Province/Locality: CC, CH Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 388. Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Nectria discophora Mont. Ecology: saprobic, on root, fruit of palm, fruit, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid petiole of leaf, herbaceous stem, twigs, Ecology: saprobic, on twigs branches, or wood Province/Locality: CC Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH, KY, VR Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 396. Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 397.

Nectria episphaeria (Tode) Fr. Nectria illudens Berk. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: mycoparasitic, on Xylaria sp., Ecology: saprobic, on wood or bark Xylariales Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 400. Reference: Standley 1933: 18. Nectria jatrophae (A. Møller) Wollenw. Nectria flavoviridis (Fuckel) Wollenw. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: mycoparasitic, on ? Xylariaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CA, PA Province/Locality: VR Reference: Weston 1933: 394 probably as Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 386. Corallomyces sp. or Nectria sp.; Standley 1933: 18, as Corallomyces jatrophae A. Nectria foliicola Berk. & M.A. Curtis Møller; Samuels & Dumont 1982: 395. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on peduncle of fruit Nectria macrostoma Berk. & M.A. Province/Locality: PA Curtis Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 413. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on logs Province/Locality: PA Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 416. 49 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Nectria myxomyceticola Samuels Nectria spirostriata Rossman Growth form: pyrenomycetoid AN: Virgatospora echinofibrosa Finley Ecology: mycoparasitic, on myxomycete on a new species from Panama log or on myxomycete on polypore Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: Province/Locality: CC hyphomycetous Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 417. Ecology: saprobic, on bark, rotten wood, or dead twigs Nectria pertusa Pat. Province/Locality: BCI, PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Finley 1967: 538; Ellis 1971: 558; Ecology: saprobic, on bamboo Seifert 1990: 147; Samuels et al. 1990: 76; Province/Locality: CH Bills et al. 1994: 7; Heredia et al. 1997: 216. Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 412. Nectria subfalcata Henn. Nectria pseudotrichia (Schwein.) Berk. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid & M.A. Curtis Ecology: saprobic, on banana trunk, monocot Growth form: pyrenomycetoid leaf, or herbaceous stem Ecology: saprobic, on branch, stump, stem, or Province/Locality: CC, PA, VR log Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 410. Province/Locality: CC, KY, PA Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 420, as Nectria sylvana Mouton Thyronectria pseudotrichia (Schwein.) Seeler. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on fern, herbaceous stem, Nectria radicicola Gerlach & L. Nilsson or leaf Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CH, PA, VR Ecology: saprobic, on fruit or wood Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 414. Province/Locality: KY, VR Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 387. Nectria venusta Syd. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Nectria rigidiuscula Berk. & Broome Ecology: saprobic, mostly on recently dead AN: Fusarium rigidiusculum W.C. coriaceous leaves of dicots Snyder & H.N. Hansen Province/Locality: BCI, CA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 389. hyphomycetous Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on bark, Nectria vilior Starbäck branches, or pods of Theobroma cacao, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Malvaceae Ecology: mycoparasitic, on Xylariaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CC, CH, VR Province/Locality: CC Reference: Standley 1933: 18, as Calonectria Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 384. rigidiuscula (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 148, as Fusarium decemcellulare Brick, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Samuels & Dumont 1982: 400.

50 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Rubrinectria olivacea (Seaver) Coccodiella melastomatis (Lév.) I. Hino Rossman & Samuels & Katum. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on bark Ecology: plant parasitic, on Miconia Province/Locality: CC, CH macrophylla, Melastomataceae Reference: Samuels & Dumont 1982: 406, as Province/Locality: BCI Nectria olivacea (Seaver) Samuels. Reference: Chardón 1930a: 246, as Dothidina scabrosa Syd., a synonym acc. to Index Microascales Fungorum; Standley 1933: 18, as D. scabrosa; Dennis 1970: 284, as Coccostroma Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halst. melastomatis (Lév.) Arx & E. Müll. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea batatas, Coccodiella peribebuyensis (Speg.) I. Convolvulaceae; on Coffea arabica, Hino & Katum. Rubiaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Miconia argentea, 145. Melastomataceae Province/Locality: BCI, CA, DA Ceratocystis paradoxa (Dade) C. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 6; Standley 1927: Moreau 6; Stevens 1930: 281; Standley 1933: 17; Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Spaulding 1961: 34; all as Bagnisiopsis Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum peribebuyensis (Speg.) Theiss. & Syd. Dennis officinarum, Poaceae 1970: 284, as Coccostroma peribebuyense Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 127. (Speg.) Arx & E. Müll.

Phyllachorales Erikssonia protii Cash ex J.A. Stev. Apiosphaeria guaranitica (Speg.) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Höhn. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Trattinnickia Growth form: pyrenomycetoid aspera, Burseraceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Tabebuia Reference: Spaulding 1961: 97. pentaphylla, Bignoniaceae Province/Locality: BCI Ophiodothella panamensis F. Stevens Reference: Stevens 1930: 281; Dennis 1970: a new species from Panama 275. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cordia Catacauma zanthoxyli F. Stevens heterophylla, Boraginaceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CA, PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1927a: 44; Stevens 1930: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zanthoxylum sp., 284, as Cryptospora panamensis (F. Stevens) Rutaceae Syd.; Hanlin et al. 1992: 117; Cannon 1996: Province/Locality: CA 47. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 32; Dennis 1970: 287.

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Phyllachora acaciae Henn. subsp. Province/Locality: CA acaciae var. acaciae genus: Fig. 21 Reference: Stevens 1930: 285, as Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Anthostomella cecropiae (Rehm) Höhn.; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Acacia sp., Dennis 1970: 285. Fabaceae Reference: Esquivel Rios 1982, cited by Phyllachora chusqueae Henn. & Cannon 1991: 51. Lindau Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Phyllachora acaciae Henn. subsp. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chusquea pittieri, acaciae var. enterolobii (Speg.) P. Poaceae Cannon Province/Locality: PA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ref.: Stevens 1927a: 34; Dennis 1970: 279. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Enterolobium sp., Fabaceae Phyllachora concentrica Rossman Reference: Esquivel Rios 1982, cited by a new species from Panama Cannon 1991: 58. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Simaba cf. Phyllachora acutispora Speg. quianensis, Simaroubaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: KY Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum Reference: Rossman 1985: 263. virgatum, Poaceae Province/Locality: CA Phyllachora conica (Chardón) Petr. Reference: Chardón 1930a: 253, as Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Phyllachora cornispora-necrotica Chardón, a Ecology: plant parasitic, on Machaerium sp., synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Fabaceae Province/Locality: PA Phyllachora canafistulae F. Stevens & Reference: Chardón 1930a: 249, as Dalbey Trabutiella diazii Chardón, a synonym acc. to Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 282, as T. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cassia fistula, C. diazii; Cannon 1991: 85. grandis, Fabaceae Province/Locality: BO, CA Phyllachora copeyensis Henn. Reference: Cannon 1991: 79. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brownea sp., Phyllachora cassiae Henn. Fabaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: PA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cassia sp., Reference: Cannon 1991: 92. Fabaceae Reference: Lenné 1990: 25. Phyllachora davillae F. Stevens a new species from Panama Phyllachora cecropiae (Rehm) Arx & E. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Müll. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Davilla rugosa, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Dilleniaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cecropia peltata, Province/Locality: CA Cecropiaceae Ref.: Stevens 1930: 282; Dennis 1970: 277. 52 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Phyllachora diocleicola Chardón Phyllachora litseae Koord. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioclea Ecology: plant parasitic, on Nectandra guianensis, Fabaceae glabrescens, Lauraceae Province/Locality: PA Province/Locality: PA Reference: Cannon 1991: 99. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 36; Dennis 1970: 282. Phyllachora guazumae Henn. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Phyllachora maydis Maubl. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Guazuma Growth form: pyrenomycetoid ulmifolia, Malvaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Province/Locality: CA, PA Poaceae Reference: Stevens 1930: 282; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: CA 288. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 36; Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 119; Phyllachora juruensis Henn. Dennis 1970: 281; Liu 1973: 211. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brownea sp., Phyllachora microspora Chardón Fabaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Cannon 1991: 117. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum paniculatum, Poaceae Phyllachora juruensis Henn. var. Province/Locality: CA minima F. Stevens Reference: Chardón 1930a: 253. a new variety from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Phyllachora minutissima (Welw. & Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brownea sp., Curr.) A.L. Sm. Fabaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: PA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chaetochloa Reference: Stevens 1927a: 35; Dennis 1970: vulpiseta (C. multiseta), Panicum glutinosum, 283. Paspalum fasciculatum, P. virgatum, Pennisetum distachyum, Poaceae Phyllachora lactea (Henn.) Theiss. & Province/Locality: CA, PA Syd. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 34, as Phyllachora Growth form: pyrenomycetoid chaetochloae F. Stevens, a synonym acc. to Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cassia sp., Index Fungorum; Stevens 1930: 282, as P. Fabaceae chaetochloae; Dennis 1970: 279, 280, as Reference: Lenné 1990: 25. Phyllachora cornispora G.F. Atk., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Lenné 1990: 103, Phyllachora leptochloae Chardón 109, as P. chaetochloae. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Leptochloa sp., Poaceae Reference: Dennis 1970: 279.

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Phyllachora nitens (Lév.) Cooke subsp. Phyllachora scleriae Rehm diocleae (Henn.) P.F. Cannon Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Scleria sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioclea reflexa, Cyperaceae Fabaceae Province/Locality: PA Reference: Lenné 1990: 58, as Phyllachora Reference: Chardón 1930a: 258; Dennis 1970: diocleae Henn. 277.

Phyllachora panamensis F. Stevens Phyllachora serjaniicola Chardón a new species from Panama a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rourea glabra, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Serjania mexi- Connaraceae cana, Sapindaceae Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1927a: 37; Dennis 1970: Reference: Stevens 1927a: 39; Stevens 1930: 276, 283. 283; Dennis 1970: 287; all as Phyllachora sapindacearum F. Stevens, a synonym acc. to Phyllachora panici (Schwein.) Sacc. Index Fungorum. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum Phyllachora setariicola Speg. plicatum, Poaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum sp., Reference: Stevens 1930: 283, as Phyllachora Poaceae guianensis F. Stevens, a synonym acc. to Reference: Dennis 1970: 280, as Phyllachora Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 280, as P. congruens Rehm, a synonym acc. to Index guianensis. Fungorum.

Phyllachora paspalicola Henn. Phyllachora sphaerosperma G. Winter Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cenchrus brownii, conjugatum, Poaceae C. viridis, Poaceae Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Chardón 1930a: 254; Standley Reference: Stevens 1927a: 43, as 1933: 18; Dennis 1970: 280. Sphaerodothis sphaerosperma (G. Winter) F. Stevens & W.D. Moore; Stevens 1930: 283, as Phyllachora roupalina (Mont.) Sacc. S. sphaerosperma; Dennis 1970: 278; Lenné Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1990: 26. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Roupala montana, Annonaceae Phyllachora stevensii Syd. ex F. Province/Locality: PA Stevens Reference: Chardón 1930a: 251, as a new species from Panama Catacauma rhopalinum (Mont.) Theiss. & Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Syd.; Dennis 1970: 274. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioclea guianensis, Meibomia sp., Fabaceae Province/Locality: CA 54 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Stevens 1927a: 39; Stevens 1930: Reference: Chardón 1930a: 251, as 283; Dennis 1970: 282; Cannon 1991: 174. Catacauma panamaensis Chardón, a synonym acc. to Cannon 1991: 186; Jimenez & Hanlin Phyllachora tragiae (Berk. & M.A. 1992: 226, as C. panamensis; Dennis 1970: Curtis) Sacc. 283, as C. panamaensis; Cannon 1991: 186. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Croton Polystigma pusillum Syd. & P. Syd. glandulosus, C. tragioides, Euphorbiaceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: CA, PA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Andira sp., Reference: Stevens 1927a: 40; Stevens 1930: Fabaceae 283; Dennis 1970: 278. Province/Locality: CA, PA Reference: Stevens 1930: 285, as Phyllachora ulei G. Winter Physalospora andirae F. Stevens, a synonym Growth form: pyrenomycetoid acc. to Index Fungorum; Chardón 1930b: 268, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioscorea sp., as P. andirae; Dennis 1970: 282. Dioscoreaceae Province/Locality: CA, PA Telimenella bicincta (Bomm. & Rouss.) Reference: Stevens 1927a: 41; Stevens 1930: P.F. Cannon 283; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 149; Dennis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1970: 277. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Picramnia quaternaria, Picramniaceae Phyllachora verbesinae (Pat. & Reference: Dennis 1970: 288, as Telimena Gaillard) Petr. bicincta (Bomm. & Rouss.) Theiss. & Syd. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Verbesina sp., Trabutia xylosmae F. Stevens Asteraceae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: KY Ecology: plant parasitic, on Myroxylon Reference: Stevens 1930: 285, as Laestadia intermedium, Flacourtiaceae verbesinae Pat. & Gaillard. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1930: 281. Phyllachora vismiae F. Stevens Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Sordariales Ecology: plant parasitic, on Vismia ferruginea, Hypericaceae Bombardia arachnoidea (Niessl) Cain Province/Locality: CN Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Stevens 1930: 284; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic 281. Reference: Dennis 1970: 294.

Phyllachora weirii (Chardón) P.F. bostrychodes Zopf Cannon Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bauhinia sp., Province/Locality: CH Fabaceae Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: PA 260.

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Chaetomium caprinum Bainier Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Farrow 1955: 418, as Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Chaetoceratostoma longirostre Farrow, a Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Ames 260. 1961: 29, as Chaetomium longirostre (Farrow) L.M. Ames, a synonym acc. to Index Chaetomium choliodes Palliser Fungorum; Baker 1968: 196, as C. longi- Growth form: pyrenomycetoid rostre; Dennis 1970: 260, as Ecology: saprobic Chaetoceratostoma longirostre. Reference: Dennis 1970: 260. Chaetomium murorum Corda Chaetomium cristatum L.M. Ames Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 260. 260. Chaetomium spirochaete Palliser Chaetomium cupreum L.M. Ames Growth form: pyrenomycetoid a new species from Panama Ecology: saprobic Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Dennis 1970: 260. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from deteriorating cellulosic material Chaetosphaeria chlorotunicata F.A. Province/Locality: CA Fernández & S.M. Huhndorf Reference: Ames 1949: 642; Ames 1961: 21. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on branch Chaetomium funicola Cooke Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Fernández & Huhndorf 2005: 18. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Chaetosphaeria minuta F.A. Fernández Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: & S.M. Huhndorf 260. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Chaetomium globosum Kunze Ecology: saprobic, on branch Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Fernández & Huhndorf 2005: 34. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Chaetosphaeria panamensis S.M. 260. Huhndorf & F.A. Fernández a new species from Panama Chaetomium longicolleum Krzemien. & Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Badura Ecology: on decorticated wood a new species from Panama Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Huhndorf & Fernández 2005: 33. 56 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Chaetosphaeria raciborskii (Penz. & Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Sacc.) F.A. Fernández & S.M. Huhndorf Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Schizothecium fimicola (Roberge ex Desm.) Ecology: on decorticated wood, rotting stems, Griff. & Seaver; Dennis 1970: 293. palms, or bamboo Province/Locality: BCI Thielavia terricola (J.C. Gilman & E.V. Reference: Huhndorf & Fernández 2005: 35. Abbott) C.W. Emmons Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Podospora appendiculata (Auersw. ex Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Niessl) Niessl Province/Locality: BCI, CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ref.: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: 320. Ecology: saprobic, on dung Reference: Dennis 1970: 293. Xylariales

Podospora communis (Speg.) Niessl Anthostomella keissleri E.K. Cash & Growth form: pyrenomycetoid A.M.J. Watson Ecology: saprobic Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Dennis 1970: 293, as Podospora Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassavola vestita (Zopf) G. Winter, a synonym acc. to nodosa, Orchidaceae Index Fungorum. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 730. Podospora decipiens (G. Winter ex Fuckel) Niessl Biscogniauxia bulliardii (Tul. & C. Tul.) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Kuntze Ecology: saprobic Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Dennis 1970: 293. Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Province/Locality: BCI Porosphaerella borinquensis F.A. Reference: Chardón 1930b: 274, as Fernández & S.M. Huhndorf Nummularia bulliardii Tul. & C. Tul.; Weston AN: Pseudobotrytis terrestris 1933: 394, as Nummularia sp.; Standley 1933: (Timonin) Subram. 18, as N. bulliardii. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: hyphomycetous Biscogniauxia kalchbrenneri (Sacc.) Ecology: saprobic, on palm sheath or decayed Y.-M. Ju & J.D. Rogers wood Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI, CA Ecology: saprobic Reference: Morris 1955: 603, as Umbellula Province/Locality: BCI terrestris (Timonin) E.F. Morris; Dennis Reference: Standley 1933: 19, as Hypoxylon 1970: 394, as U. terrestris; Goos & Pirozynski kalchbrenneri Sacc. 1975: 2930; Fernández & Huhndorf 2004: 12. Camillea bilabiata Speg. Sordaria fimicola (Roberge ex Desm.) genus: Fig. 22 Ces. & de Not. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, erumpent through bark Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Laessøe et al. 1989: 127. 57 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Camillea broomeiana (Berk. & M.A. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Curtis) Laessøe, J.D. Rogers & Whalley Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Standley 1933: 19, as Hypoxylon Ecology: saprobic, erumpent through bark punctulatum (Berk. & Ravenel) Cooke. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Weston 1933: 397, as Hypoxylon Daldinia sp. Fig. 23 broomeianum Berk. & M.A. Curtis; Standley Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 1933: 18, as H. broomeianum; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic 299, as H. broomeianum; Laessøe et al. 1989: Province/Locality: BCI 149. Reference: Standley 1933: 19, as Daldinia concentrica (Bolt.) C. & de N. var. Camillea cyclisca (Mont.) Laessøe, J.D. microspora Starb. This species does not occur Rogers & Whalley in Panama (pers. com. M. Stadler). Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Entonaema pallida G.W. Martin Reference: Dennis 1970: 299, as Hypoxylon a new species from Panama cycliscum Mont. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Camillea cyclops (Mont.) Mont. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Weston 1933: 401, as Entonaema Ecology: saprobic, on wood mesenterica A. Moeller, a synonym acc. to Province/Locality: BCI Rogers 1981: 52; Standley 1933: 18, as E. Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: mesenterica; Martin 1938a: 431; Dennis 1970: 17. 300; Rogers 1981: 52.

Camillea leprieurii Mont. Hypoxylon archeri Berk. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, erumpent through bark Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1933: 19, as Hypoxylon Reference: Standely 1933: 18. melanaspis (Mont.) Mont., a synonym acc. to Laessøe et al. 1989: 136; Laessøe et al. 1989: Hypoxylon dieckmannii Theiss. 136. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Camillea mucronata Mont. Reference: Dennis 1970: 297. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, erumpent through bark Hypoxylon fuscum (Pers.) Fr. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Weston 1933: 397; Standley 1933: Ecology: saprobic, on wood 18; Dennis 1970: 296; Laessøe et al. 1989: Province/Locality: BCI 140. Reference: Standley 1933: 18, probably as Xylaria fusca Mont. (pers. com. M. Stadler). Camillea punctulata (Berk. & Ravenel) Laessøe, J.D. Rogers & Whalley Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 58 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Hypoxylon glycyrrhiza Berk. & M.A. Kretzschmaria clavus (Fr.) Sacc. Curtis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, erumpent through bark Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Laessøe et al. 1989: 132. Reference: Standely 1933: 19.

Hypoxylon haematostroma Mont. Penzigia cretacea (Berk. & Broome) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Sacc. & Paol. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Standley 1933: 19. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1933: 19. Hypoxylon hypomiltum Mont. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Phylacia poculiformis (Mont.) Mont. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Fig. 24 Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Standley 1933: 19. Ecology: saprobic, on logs Province/Locality: BCI Hypoxylon monticulosum Mont. Reference: Standely 1933: 19. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on logs Phylacia sagraeana (Mont.) Mont. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Weston 1933: 396, as Hypoxylon Ecology: saprobic, on wood merrillii Syd. & P. Syd., a synonym acc. to Province/Locality: BCI Index Fungorum; Standley 1933: 19, as H. Reference: Standely 1927: 6; Standley 1933: merrillii; Standley 1933: 19, as Hypoxylon 17, as Camillea sagraeana (Mont.) Berk. & glomeratum Cooke, a synonym acc. to Index M.A. Curtis; Dennis 1970: 324. Fungorum. Rosellinia sp. Hypoxylon pouceanum Berk. & Cooke Ecology: plant parasitic, on Theobroma cacao, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Malvaceae Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 149. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standely 1933: 19. Xylaria appendiculata Ferd. & Winge genus: Fig. 25 Hypoxylon rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaves Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Martin 1948: 112; Dennis 1956: Reference: Standley 1933: 19. 409; Dennis 1970: 304, as Xylosphaera appendiculata (Ferd. & Winge) Dennis. Hypoxylon thouarsianum (Lév.) Lloyd Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Xylaria arbuscula Sacc. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Dennis 1970: 298. Ecology: saprobic, on wood 59 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Province/Locality: BCI Xylaria guianensis (Mont.) Fr. Reference: Standley 1933: 18. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Xylaria axifera Mont. Province/Locality: CA Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Meyer 1949: 92. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI Xylaria heliscus (Mont.) J.D. Rogers & Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: Y.M. Ju 17; Dennis 1970: 303, as Xylosphaera axifera Growth form: pyrenomycetoid (Mont.) Dennis. Ecology: saprobic, on hard decorticated wood Province/Locality: BCI Xylaria berkeleyi Mont. in Cooke Reference: Standley 1933: 19, as Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Kretzschmaria gomphoidea Penz. & Sacc., a Ecology: saprobic, on wood synonym acc. to M. Stadler (pers. com.). Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1933: 18. Xylaria janthinovelutina Mont. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Xylaria comosa Mont. Ecology: saprobic, on fallen legume fruits or Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Apeiba aspera fruits Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Weston 1933: 401, 407; Standley Reference: Weston 1933: 396; Standley 1933: 1933: 18; Dennis 1970: 304, as Xylosphaera 18; Meyer 1949: 92; Dennis 1970: 303, as ianthino-velutina (Mont.) Dennis. Xylosphaera comosa (Mont.) Dennis. Xylaria multiplex (Kunze) Berk. & M.A. Xylaria consociata Starbäck Curtis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on logs Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI, CA Ref.: Weston 1933: 406; Standley 1933: 18. Reference: Meyer 1949: 92.

Xylaria cubensis (Mont.) Fr. Xylaria muscula Lloyd Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: Reference: Standley 1933: 18. 17; Meyer 1949: 92. Xylaria rhizomorpha Mont. Xylaria grammica (Mont.) Mont. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Meyer 1949: 92. Reference: Weston 1933: 396; Standley 1933: 18; Meyer 1949: 92; Dennis 1970: 303, as Xylosphaera grammica (Mont.) Dennis. 60 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Xylaria scopiformis Mont. ex Berk. & parasitic, on Mangifera indica, Anacardiaceae; Broome on Citrus sinensis, C. sp., Rutaceae; on dying Growth form: pyrenomycetoid leaves of Furcraea cabuya, Agavaceae Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CH, PA Province/Locality: CA Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 72; Reference: Meyer 1949: 92. McGuire & Crandall 1967: 131, 134.

Xylaria scruposa (Fr.) Berk. subclass: Incertae sedis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Laboulbeniales Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Meyer 1949: 92. Herpomycetaceae

Herpomyces periplanetae Thaxt. Xylosphaera papyrifera (Fr.) Dennis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid subsp. cubensis (Mont.) Dennis Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid on Periplaneta sp., Blattidae (Dictyoptera) Ecology: saprobic Reference: Thaxter 1908: 285. Reference: Dennis 1970: 302. Herpomyces tricuspidatus Thaxt. order: Incertae sedis Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Blabera sp. or Epilampra sp., Blaberidae montagnei Sacc. (Dictyoptera) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1931: 87; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, on dead stems of large 329. grasses, Poaceae Reference: Dennis 1970: 290. Laboulbeniaceae Apiospora striola (Pass.) Sacc. Dichomyces aulacophorae Thaxt. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chusquea pitti- Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic eri?, Poaceae Reference: Dennis 1970: 328. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Stevens 1927a: 32. Eucantharomyces euprocti Thaxt. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Glomerellaceae Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) on “Euproctus” quadrinus, the genus is Spauld. & H. Schrenk erroneous for being Salamandridae AN: Gloeosporium cingulatum G.F. Province/Locality: CH Atk. Reference: Thaxter 1900: 417; Thaxter 1908: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid; AN: 277; Dennis 1970: 329. coelomycetous Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaves of Camaridium grandiflorum, Orchidaceae; plant 61 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Hesperomyces coccinelloides Thaxt. Ilytheomyces manubriolatus Thaxt. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Scymnus tardus, Coccinellidae on Ilythea sp., Ephydridae (Diptera) (Coleoptera) Province/Locality: BO Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Thaxter 1917: 708; Thaxter 1931: Reference: Thaxter 1931: 110; Dennis 1970: 235; Dennis 1970: 329. 329. Ilytheomyces panamensis Thaxt. Histeridomyces acriti Thaxt. a new species from Panama a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Ilythea sp., Ephydridae (Diptera) on Acritus sp., Histeridae (Coleoptera) Province/Locality: BO Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Thaxter 1917: 710; Thaxter 1931: Reference: Thaxter 1931: 183; Dennis 1970: 236; Dennis 1970: 329. 329. Kleidiomyces furcillatus (Thaxt.) Thaxt. Ilytheomyces elegans Thaxt. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Ilythea sp., Ephydridae (Diptera) on Aleochara repetita, Staphylinidae (Coleop- Province/Locality: BO tera) Reference: Thaxter 1917: 707; Thaxter 1931: Reference: Thaxter 1901: 24, as 233; Dennis 1970: 329. Monoicomyces furcillatus Thaxter; Thaxter 1931: 32; Dennis 1970: 329. Ilytheomyces lingulatus Thaxt. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Laboulbenia anchonoderi Thaxt. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, a new species from Panama on Ilythea sp., Ephydridae (Diptera) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BO Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Reference: Thaxter 1917: 712; Thaxter 1931: on Anchonoderus suboeneus, Carabidae 238; Dennis 1970: 329. (Coleoptera) Province/Locality: NB Ilytheomyces major Thaxt. Reference: Thaxter 1899: 156; Thaxter 1908: a new species from Panama 347; Dennis 1970: 329. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Laboulbenia casnoniae Thaxt. on Ilythea sp., Ephydridae (Diptera) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BO Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Reference: Thaxter 1917: 713; Thaxter 1931: on Bradycellus circumdatus, Carabidae 238; Dennis 1970: 329. (Coleoptera) Province/Locality: CH Reference: Thaxter 1908: 341.

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Laboulbenia catascopi Thaxt. Province/Locality: BO, CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1908: 354; Thaxter 1917: Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, 719. on Callida quadrispora, Catascopus fascialis, Carabidae (Coleoptera) Laboulbenia drepanalis Thaxt. Province/Locality: CH a new species from Panama Reference: Thaxter 1908: 382; Dennis 1970: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 329. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Gyretes acutangulus, Gyrinidae (Coleop- Laboulbenia chiriquensis Thaxt. tera) a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1899: 173; Thaxter 1908: Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, 416. on Calleida scintillans, Carabidae (Coleoptera) Laboulbenia fallax Thaxt. Province/Locality: CH a new species from Panama Reference: Thaxter 1899: 164; Thaxter 1908: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 356; Dennis 1970: 329. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Gyretes acutangulus, Gyrinidae Laboulbenia colpodis Thaxt. (Coleoptera) a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1899: 176; Thaxter 1908: Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, 418; Dennis 1970: 329. on Colpodes chiriquinus, Carabidae (Coleoptera) Laboulbenia flagellata Peyr. Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1899: 166; Thaxter 1908: Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, 398; Dennis 1970: 329. on Coptodera championi, Carabidae (Coleoptera) Laboulbenia coptoderae Thaxt. Province/Locality: CH a new species from Panama Reference: Thaxter 1908: 344; Dennis 1970: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 329. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Coptodera championi, Carabidae (Coleop- Laboulbenia guerinii Mont. & C.P. tera) Robin Reference: Thaxter 1893: 168; Thaxter 1895: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 340; Dennis 1970: 329. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Gyretes acutangulus, Gyrinidae Laboulbenia crispata Thaxt. (Coleoptera) a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1908: 416; Dennis 1970: Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, 329. on Hippelates sp., Chloropidae (Diptera); Poederus luridiventris, Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) 63 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Laboulbenia mexicana Thaxt. Mimeomyces chiriquensis (Thaxt.) Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Thaxt. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, a new species from Panama on Galerita americana, Carabidae Growth form: pyrenomycetoid (Coleoptera) Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Province/Locality: CH on Quedius flavicaudus, Staphylinidae Reference: Thaxter 1908: 386; Dennis 1970: (Coleoptera) 330. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Thaxter 1901: 40, as Laboulbenia minima Thaxt. Sphaleromyces chiriquensis Thaxter; Thaxter a new species from Panama 1908: 325, as S. chiriquensis; Dennis 1970: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 330. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Calleida pallidipennis, Carabidae Peyritschiella lampropygi Thaxt. (Coleoptera) a new species from Panama Reference: Thaxter 1893: 175; Thaxter 1895: Growth form: pyrenomycetoid 347; Dennis 1970: 330. Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Lampropygus analis, Staphylinidae Laboulbenia polyphaga Thaxt. Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1931: 18; Dennis 1970: Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, 330. on Bradycellus circumdatus, Carabidae (Coleoptera) Peyritschiella vulgata (Thaxt.) I.I. Tav. Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1908: 342; Dennis 1970: Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, 330. on Philonthus flavolimbatus, Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) Mimeomyces atropurpureus (Thaxt.) Reference: Thaxter 1900: 424; Thaxter 1908: Thaxt. 251; Dennis 1970: 328; all as Dichomyces a new species from Panama vulgatus Thaxt. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Rickia nutans Thaxt. on Quedius basiventris, Q. graciliventris, Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Province/Locality: CH on Passalidae (Coleoptera) Reference: Thaxter 1900: 441, as Reference: Thaxter 1926: 487. Sphaleromyces atropurpureus Thaxter; Thaxter 1908: 324, as S. atropurpureus; Stemmatomyces panamensis Thaxt. Dennis 1970: 330. a new species from Panama Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, on Aeolus sp., Elateridae (Coleoptera) Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Thaxter 1931: 108; Dennis 1970: 330. 64 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Stigmatomyces caribbeus Thaxt. Stictis bella Kalchbr. & Cooke a new species from Panama Growth form: discomycetoid Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Province/Locality: BCI on Discocerina sp., Ephydridae (Diptera) Reference: Standley 1933: 18. Province/Locality: BO Reference: Thaxter 1917: 688; Thaxter 1931: Stictis dennisii Sherwood 140; Dennis 1970: 330. Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, on small twigs or Stigmatomyces constrictus Thaxt. herbaceous stems Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: KY, PA Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Reference: Sherwood 1977a: 171. on Siphonella sp., Oscinis sp., Chloropidae (Diptera) Stictis radiata (L.) Pers. subsp. radiata Province/Locality: BO Growth form: discomycetoid Reference: Thaxter 1917: 697. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CH Stigmatomyces drapetis Thaxt. Reference: Sherwood 1977a: 234. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic, Stictis stellata Wallr. on Drapetis rectinerva, Empididae (Diptera) Growth form: discomycetoid Province/Locality: BO Ecology: saprobic, on herbaceous stems Reference: Thaxter 1917: 657; Thaxter 1931: Province/Locality: CH, PA, VR 137; Dennis 1970: 330. Reference: Sherwood 1977a: 251.

Stigmatomyces octheroideae Thaxt. Growth form: pyrenomycetoid order: Incertae sedis Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic Reference: Dennis 1970: 331. Acrospermaceae Oomyces monocarpus A. Møller Stigmatomyces recurvatus Thaxt. Ecology: parasitic on mites, on mites on grass Growth form: pyrenomycetoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: insect associated, probably parasitic Reference: Standley 1933: 18. Reference: Dennis 1970: 331. Ostropales Myxotrichaceae Pseudogymnoascus roseus Raillo Propoliopsis arengae Rehm Growth form: plectomycetoid Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, on palm leaves or Province/Locality: BCI, CH herbaceous debris Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Province/Locality: KY Pseudogymnoascus vinaceus Raillo, a Reference: Sherwood 1977a: 78. synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 322, as P. vinaceus.

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Orbiliaceae FUNGI IMPERFECTI brasiliensis (Speg.) Sacc. Growth form: discomycetoid Coelomycetes Ecology: saprobic Antennariella californica Bat. & Cif. Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cinnamomum Reference: Standley 1933: 18, probably also zeylanicum, Lauraceae cited as Ohlevia brasiliensis (Speg.) Sacc. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 25. Orbilia epipora (Nyl.) P. Karst. Growth form: discomycetoid Antennariella perseae Bat., Nascim. & Ecology: saprobic, on wood, bark, or Cif. polypores Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mangifera indica, Province/Locality: CC Anacardiaceae; on Psychotria sp., Rubiaceae Reference: Cash 1937: 214; Dennis 1954: Province/Locality: CA 296; Dennis 1970: 352. Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 29, 30.

Orbilia epipora (Nyl.) P. Karst. var. Antennariella sp. major Speg. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cornutia Growth form: discomycetoid pyramidata, Verbenaceae Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 34. Reference: Cash 1937: 214. Asbolisia ficina Bat., Nascim. & Cif. Orbilia juruensis Henn. a new species from Panama Growth form: discomycetoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mangifera indica, Ecology: saprobic, on wood Anacardiaceae; on Ficus hemsleyana, Province/Locality: CC Moraceae; on Chrysophyllum cainito, Reference: Cash 1937: 214; Dennis 1954: Sapotaceae 297; Dennis 1970: 352. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 41. family: Incertae sedis Aschersonia aleyrodis Webber Indet. Ecology: parasitic on scale insects or white fly Ecology: from the deep sea larvae on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Province/Locality: Golf of Panamá Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 133. Reference: Kohlmeyer 1977: 198. Camarosporium orchidicola E.K. Cash & A.M.J. Watson Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassavola nodosa, Orchidaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 742; Dennis 1970: 369.

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Ciliospora gelatinosa Zimm. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from a fallen & Crandall 1967: 129, 131, 144, 147, 148; leaf Dennis 1970: 374; Lenné 1990: 1, 137, 138, Province/Locality: CA 139, 147. Reference: Martin 1948: 121. Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) G.W. Colletotrichum circinans (Berk.) Wilson Voglino Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, halepense, S. vulgare, Zea mays, Poaceae Alliaceae; on Ipomoea batatas, Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 118, Convolvulaceae 122. Ref.: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 139, 144. Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) S. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara Hughes Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phaseolus Ecology: plant parasitic, on Capsicum vulgaris, Fabaceae frutescens, Solanaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 139, as & Crandall 1967: 120. Gloeosporium piperatum Ellis & Everh., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum Colletotrichum nigrum Ellis & Halst. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Capsicum Colletotrichum coffeanum F. Noack frutescens, Solanaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coffea arabica, Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138. Rubiaceae Province/Locality: NB Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk. & Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Mont.) Arx & Crandall 1967: 145. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrullus vulgaris, Cucumis melo, C. sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Colletotrichum falcatum Went Sechium edule, Cucurbitaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203, as officinarum, Sorghum vulgare, Poaceae Colletotrichum lagenaria (Pass.) Ellis & Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Halst., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; & Crandall 1967: 122, 127. McGuire & Crandall 1967: 141, as C. lagenaria. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. Colletotrichum peregrinum Pass. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Carica papaya, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Polyscias Caricaceae; on Ipomoea batatas, Convolvula- quilfoylei, Araliaceae ceae; on Aeschynomene americana, A. Province/Locality: PA brasiliana, A. histrix, Stylosanthes guianensis, Reference: Stevens 1927a: 55. S. hamata, S. humilis, S. sympodialis, Zornia glochidiata, Fabaceae; on Persea americana, Colletotrichum sp. Lauraceae; on Gossypium hirsutum, Theobro- Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ananas comosus, ma cacao, Malvaceae; on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Bromeliaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 133. 67 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Colletotrichum truncatum (Schwein.) Reference: Farrow 1954: 639, as Andrus & W.D. Moore Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat.; Dennis 1970: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Aeschynomene 367, as B. theobromae. paniculata, Fabaceae Reference: Lenné 1990: 2. Leptostromella andropogonis Dearn. & House Diplodia cacaoicola Henn. a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Theobroma cacao, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Andropogon Malvaceae hirtiflorus, Poaceae Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Standley 1933: 21. Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 91.

Diplodia cococarpa Sacc. Leptostromella septorioides Sacc. & Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on husks of Roum. Cocos nucifera, Arecaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Panicum sp., Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 132. Poaceae Province/Locality: CH Eudarluca caricis (Biv.) O.E. Erikss. Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 91. Ecology: mycoparasitic, on Puccinia sorghi, Puccinia thaliae, Uredo dioscoreae, Linochora polyadelpha Syd. in Uredinales, Basidiomycota Chardón & Toro Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Stevens 1930: 286, as Darluca Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coccoloba ? sp., filum (Biv.) Castagne, a synonym acc. to Index Polygonaceae Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 118, as Province/Locality: PA D. filum. Reference: Chardón & Toro 1930: 276; Dennis 1970: 361. Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. Macrophoma pernettyae Dearn. & Ecology: plant parasitic, on Annona sp., An- House nonaceae; on Cocos nucifera, Arecaceae; on a new species from Panama Dioscorea alata, Dioscoreaceae; on Theo- Ecology: plant parasitic, on Pernettya broma cacao, Malvaceae; on Musa sp., coriacea, Ericaceae Musaceae Province/Locality: CH Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203, as Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 83. Diplodia theobromae (Pat.) W. Nowell; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 130, 132, 148, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) 149, as D. theobromae. Goid. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea batatas, Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Convolvulaceae; Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna Griffon & Maubl. sinensis, Fabaceae Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Province/Locality: BCI, CA Macrophomina phaseoli (Maubl.) S.F. Ashby, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 120, 144, as M. phaseoli. 68 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Mattirolella crustosa S.R. Khan & Pestalotiopsis palmarum (Cooke) Kimbr. Steyaert Ecology: parasitic on Nasutitermes spp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cocos nucifera, Termitidae (Isoptera) Arecaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Reference: Khan & Kimbrough 1974: 398; Pestalotia palmarum Cooke; McGuire & Sutton 1980: 493; Kimbrough & Thorne 1982: Crandall 1967: 132, as P. palmarum. 201. Pestalotiopsis sp. Myrothecium roridum Tode Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf, Province/Locality: BCI soil from banana farm, or decaying bamboo Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 732; Dennis Phoma destructiva Plowr. 1970: 426; Goos 1960: 879; Goos 1997: 378. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Capsicum annuum, C. frutescens, Lycopersicon esculen- Pestalotia gaultheriae Dearn. & House tum, Solanaceae a new species from Panama Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Gaultheria sp., & Crandall 1967: 136, 139. Ericaceae Province/Locality: CH Phoma exigua Desm. Reference: Dearness & House 1925: 94; Guba Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phaseolus 1961: 177; Dennis 1970: 376; Nag Ray 1993: vulgaris, Fabaceae 587. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 120, as Ascochyta phaseolorum Sacc., a synonym acc. Pestalotiopsis disseminata (Thümen) to Index Fungorum. Steyaert Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Phoma lingam (Tode) Desm. Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica oleracea, Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 733, as Brassicaceae Pestalotia disseminata Thümen. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138. Pestalotiopsis microspora (Speg.) G.C. Zhao & N. Li Phoma sp. Ecology: plant parasitic, cultivated from palm Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of leaf, Arecaceae banana farm Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 733, as Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Pestalotia dichaeta Speg., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 376, as Phomopsis orchidophila E.K. Cash & Pestalotia microspora Speg. A.M.J. Watson Ecology: plant parasitic, on Catasetum viridiflavum, Orchidaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 739. 69 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Phomopsis sp. Phyllosticta oryzina Padwick Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, banana farm Poaceae Province/Locality: CH Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 124. Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Podoxyphium yuccae Bat. & Nascim. Phyllosticta batatas (Thüm.) Cooke Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cordia sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea batatas, Boraginaceae Convolvulaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144. Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 176.

Phyllosticta cajani Rangel Pyrenochaeta sp. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cajanus cajan, Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Fabaceae banana farm Reference: Lenné 1990: 19. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Phyllosticta capitalensis Henn. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Jacquiniella sp., Scenomyces perplexans F. Stevens Oncidium sp., Orchidaceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on dicot Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 737, as Province/Locality: PA Phyllostictina pyriformis E.K. Cash & A.M.J. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 61. Watson, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 362, as P. pyriformis. Schizotrichella lunata E.F. Morris a new species from Panama Phyllosticta coffeicola Delacr. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coffea arabica, Cantharellus odoratus, Cantharellales, Rubiaceae Basidiomycota Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 146. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 735; Dennis Phyllosticta cucurbitacearum Sacc. 1970: 426. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cucumis sativus, Cucurbitaceae Septoria citri Pass. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 142. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Phyllosticta sechii P.A. Young Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 135. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sechium edule, Cucurbitaceae Septoria lactucae Pass. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 142. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lactuca sativa, Asteraceae Phyllosticta sp. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coffea arabica, Rubiaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 146. 70 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Septoria lycopersici Speg. Acremonium vitis Catt. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lycopersicon Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil esculentum, Solanaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 385. Sphaceloma perseae Jenkins Ecology: plant parasitic, on Persea americana, Acremonium zonatum (Sawada) W. Lauraceae Gams Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 132. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Eichhornia azurea, E. crassipes, Pontederiaceae Stagonospora sacchari T.T. Lo & L. Province/Locality: CA Ling Reference: Rintz 1974: G4, as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Cephalosporium zonatum Sawada. officinarum, Poaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Acrostalagmus albus Preuss & Crandall 1967: 128. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Stenocarpella macrospora (Earle) B. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Sutton 384. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Poaceae Albosynnema elegans E.F. Morris Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as a new species from Panama Diplodia macrospora Earle; McGuire & Ecology: saprobic, on bark of dead Crandall 1967: 118, as D. macrospora. angiosperm branch Province/Locality: PA Stenocarpella maydis (Berk.) B. Sutton Reference: Morris 1967: 179; Bills et al. 1994: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, 2. Poaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as alternata (Fr.) Keissl. Diplodia maydis (Berk.) Sacc.; McGuire & Ecology: plant parasitic, on Xanthosoma Crandall 1967: 118, as D. maydis. violaceum, Araceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 143, as Vouauxiella pithospora (Cavalc. & Alternaria tenuis Nees, a synonym acc. to Maia) B. Sutton Index Fungorum. Ecology: lichenicolous, on Porina gr. epiphylla, Lichenes Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. Province/Locality: COI Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica oleracea Reference: Etayo 1997: 219. var. capitata, Brassicaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138; Hyphomycetes Crous & Braun 2003: 88. Acremonium sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Province/Locality: BCI Wiltshire Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Brassicaceae 71 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138, as Alternaria tomato (Cooke) L.R. Jones Alternaria oleracea Milbrath, a synonym acc. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lycopersicon to Index Fungorum. esculentum, Solanaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 136. Alternaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves & Skolko Ampullifera amoeboides (Bat. & Ecology: plant parasitic, on Daucus carota, Cavalc.) D. Hawksw. Apiaceae Ecology: lichenicolous, on Mazosia pilosa, Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 137. Lichenes Province/Locality: COI Alternaria humicola Oudem. Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ampullifera foliicola Deighton Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Ecology: lichenicolous, on Mazosia sp., 419. Sporopodium sp., or others, Lichenes Province/Locality: COI Alternaria longipes (Ellis & Everh.) Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. E.W. Mason Ecology: plant parasitic, on Nicotiana Arthrobotrys conoides Drechsler tabacum, Solanaceae Ecology: nematode trapping Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cif. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Arthrobotrys kirghizica Soprunov ex Alliaceae; on Ipomoea batatas, Soprunov Convolvulaceae Ecology: nematode trapping Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 139, Province/Locality: CH 144. Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119.

Alternaria solani Sorauer Arthrobotrys musiformis Drechsler Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lycopersicon Ecology: nematode trapping esculentum, Solanum tuberosum, Solanaceae Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: NB Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 125, 136. Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresen. Ecology: nematode trapping Alternaria sonchi Davis Province/Locality: CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lactuca sativa, Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Asteraceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144. Arthrobotrys oviformis Soprunov Ecology: nematode trapping Alternaria sp. Province/Locality: CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Capsicum Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. frutescens, Solanaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138. 72 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Arthrobotrys superba Corda giganteus Wehmer Ecology: saprobic, deteriorating fibres of Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Gossypium hirsutum, Malvaceae Province/Locality: BCI Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 146. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 382; Peterson 2000b: 331. Arthrosporium chrysocephalum Penz. & Sacc. Aspergillus janus Raper & Thom Province/Locality: CH a new species from Panama Reference: Martin 1942: 163. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Raper & Thom 1944: 556; Dennis Aspergillus candidus Link ex Fr. 1970: 382. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Aspergillus japonicus Saito Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil 382. Reference: Peterson 2000b: 324.

Aspergillus chevalieri Thom & Church Aspergillus luchuensis Inui Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Province/Locality: BCI banana farm Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: CH 382. Reference: Goos 1960: 879.

Aspergillus clavatus Desm. Aspergillus nidulans (Eidam) G. Winter Ecology: saprobic var. echinulatus Fennell & Raper Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Standley 1933: 21. Reference: Dennis 1970: 382.

Aspergillus flavipes (Bainier & R. Aspergillus niger Tiegh. Sartory) Thom & Church Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil; on Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Allium cepa, Alliaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CH Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 639. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 382; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 139. Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fr. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil or Aspergillus niger Tiegh. var. phoenicis from dump pile of leaf-cutting ants (Corda) Al-Musallam Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI, CH 382; Hughes et al. 2004: 48. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639, as Aspergillus phoenicis (Corda) Thom & Currie; Dennis Aspergillus fonsecaeus Thom & Raper 1970: 382, as A. phoenicis. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 382. 73 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Aspergillus ochraceus G. Wilh. Aspergillus sulphureus (Fresen.) Thom Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil & Church Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI 382. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 382. Aspergillus panamaensis Raper & Thom Aspergillus sydowii (Bainier & Sartory) a new species from Panama Thom & Church Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Raper & Thom 1944: 568; Dennis Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH 1970: 382; Peterson 2000b: 331. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 382. Aspergillus pseudodeflectus Samson & Mouchacca Aspergillus terreus Thom Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Peterson 2000b: 330. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Aspergillus sclerotiorum G.A. Huber 382; Peterson 2000b: 326. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of banana farm Aspergillus unguis (Weill & L. Gaudin) Province/Locality: CH Thom & Raper Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Aspergillus sp. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, 382. Alliaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203. Aspergillus ustus (Bainier) Thom & Church Aspergillus sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Sorghum vulgare, Zea mays, Poaceae Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203. 382; Peterson 2000b: 330.

Aspergillus sp. Aspergillus versicolor (Vuill.) Tirab. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Rutaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 382. Aspergillus sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Aspergillus violaceofuscus Gasperini Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: 382. 74 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Asperisporium caricae (Speg.) Maubl. Bipolaris turcica (Pass.) Shoemaker Ecology: plant parasitic, on Carica papaya, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum vulgare, Caricaceae Zea mays, Poaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Reference: Stevens 1927a: 60, as Pucciniopsis Helminthosporium turcicum Pass.; McGuire & caricae Earle, a synonym acc. to Index Crandall 1967: 118, 122, as H. turcicum. Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 129; Dennis 1970: 396; Crous & Braun 2003: 105. Botryomonilia scheelea Goos & Piroz. a new species from Panama Attamyces bromatificus Kreisel Ecology: saprobic, on rotten fruits of Scheelea Ecology: symbiotic with leaf-cutting ants, zonensis, Arecaceae cultivated from Atta colombica, Formicidae, Province/Locality: BCI Hymenoptera Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2928. Reference: Hervey et al. 1977: 235. Botrytis allii Munn Bactridium clavatum Berk. & Broome Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Ecology: saprobic, on wood or bark Alliaceae Reference: Seifert 1990: 120. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 139. Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Botrytis cinerea Pers. Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Capsicum Reference: Hughes et al. 2004: 48. frutescens, Solanaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138. Beltrania rhombica Penz. Ecology: saprobic, on decaying palm petiole Botrytis sp. Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: plant parasitic, on Manihot escu- Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2927. lenta, Euphorbiaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202. Bipolaris heveae (Petch) B.A. Khasanov Botrytis sp. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hevea Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil brasiliensis, Euphorbiaceae Province/Locality: CA, CH Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 150, as Reference: Farrow 1954: 639. Helminthosporium heveae Petch. Caldariomyces fumago Woron. Bipolaris sacchari (E.J. Butler) Ecology: saprobic, on fallen fruit of Gustavia Shoemaker superba, Lecythidaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Province/Locality: BCI officinarum, Poaceae Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2929. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 127, as Cercospora sacchari Breda de Haan, a syno- Calostilbella calostilbe Höhn. nym acc. to Index Fungorum; p. 128, as Ecology: saprobic, on dead trunk of palm Helminthosporium sacchari E.J. Butler. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Morris 1967: 184. 75 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Canalisporium caribense (Hol.-Jech. & Ecology: saprobic, on hardwood branches or Mercado) Nawawi & Kuthub. herbaceous stems Ecology: saprobic, in fresh water habitat Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Ferrer & Shearer 2005: 179. Reference: Miller & Huhndorf 2001: 220.

Canalisporium elegans Nawawi & Cercospora amaryllidis Ellis & Everh. Kuthub. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Amaryllidaceae Ecology: saprobic, in fresh water habitat Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 55. Reference: Ferrer & Shearer 2005: 179. Cercospora apii Fresen. s. lat. Canalisporium kenyense Goh, W.H. Ho Ecology: plant parasitic, on Amaranthaceae; & K.D. Hyde on Apiaceae; on Helianthus sp., Asteraceae; Ecology: saprobic, in fresh water habitat on Bignoniaceae; on Carica papaya, Reference: Ferrer & Shearer 2005: 179. Caricaceae; on Beta vulgaris, Chenopodiaceae; on Convolvulaceae; on Canalisporium panamense Ferrer & Citrullus vulgaris, Sechium edule, Shearer Cucurbitaceae; on Centrosema acutifolium, a new species from Panama Codariocalyx gyroides, Vigna unguiculata, Ecology: saprobic, in fresh water habitat Fabaceae; on Coleus sp., Lamiaceae; on Reference: Ferrer & Shearer 2005: 179. Malvaceae; on Meliaceae; on Musa sp., Musaceae; on Papaveraceae; on Sesamum Canalisporium pulchrum (Hol.-Jech. & indicum, Pedaliaceae; on Plantago sp., Mercado) Nawawi & Kuthub. Plantaginaceae; on Rheum sp., Polygonaceae; Ecology: saprobic, in fresh water habitat on Capsicum annuum, C. frutescens, Reference: Ferrer & Shearer 2005: 179. Solanaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Cephaliophora tropica Thaxt. Cercospora sechii J.A. Stev., a synonym acc. Province/Locality: BCI to Crous & Braun 2003: 125, p. 1203, as Reference: Standley 1933: 21. Cercospora papayae Hansf., a synonym acc. to Crous & Braun 2003: 307, as Cercospora Cephalosporium curtipes Sacc. sesami Zim., a synonym acc. to Crous & Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Braun 2003: 375, as Cercospora capsici Heald Province/Locality: BCI & F.A. Wolf and as Cercospora nicotianae Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Dennis 1970: Ellis & Everh., both synonyms acc. to Crous 384. & Braun 2003: 322; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 129, as C. papayae, p. 138, as C. Cephalosporium sp. capsici, p. 141, as C. sechii, p. 143, as Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Cercospora beticola Sacc. and C. citrullina banana farm Cooke, synonyms acc. to Crous & Braun Province/Locality: CH 2003: 79; Crous & Braun 2003: 66, 79, 86, 99, Reference: Goos 1960: 879. 122, 125, 131, 212, 213, 228, 237, 264, 269, 271, 306, 307, 322, 327, 351, 375, 398; Lenné Cercophora striata (Ellis & Everh.) N. 1990: 27, 35, as Cercospora canescens Ellis & Lundq. G.W. Martin, a synonym acc. to Crous & Braun 2003: 99. 76 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Cercospora bidentis Tharp Cercospora euphorbiae Kellerm. & Ecology: plant parasitic, on Asteraceae Swingle Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 80. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Euphorbiaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 180. Cercospora bignoniicola Speg. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bignonia sp., Cercospora jatrophicola (Speg.) Chupp Bignoniaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Euphorbiaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 80. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 232.

Cercospora calatheae Viégas & Chupp Cercospora lactucae-sativae Sawada Ecology: plant parasitic, on Calathea sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lactuca sativa, Marantaceae Asteraceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 94. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 144, as Cercospora longissima Trav., a synonym acc. Cercospora carotae (Pass.) Kazn. & to Crous & Braun 2003: 255. Siemaszko Ecology: plant parasitic, on Daucus carota Cercospora longipes E.J. Butler var. sativa, Apiaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire officinarum, Poaceae & Crandall 1967: 137; Crous & Braun 2003: Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; Crous & 106. Braun 2003: 255.

Cercospora ceibae Chupp & Viégas Cercospora nasturtii Pass. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ceiba pentandra, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassicaceae Malvaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 289. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 113. Cercospora nicandrae Chupp Cercospora celosiae Syd. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Nicandra Ecology: plant parasitic, on Celosia sp., physaloides, Solanaceae Amaranthaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 290. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 113. Cercospora pulcherrima Tharp Cercospora coffeicola Berk. & M.A. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Euphorbia sp., Curtis Euphorbiaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coffea arabica, Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 342. Rubiaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Cercospora ricinella Sacc. & Berl. & Crandall 1967: 145; Crous & Braun 2003: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ricinus communis, 130. Euphorbiaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 355. Cercospora echinochloae Davis Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cyperaceae or Cercospora sapindicola Obreg.-Bot. Poaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sapindus Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 169. saponaria, Sapindaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 366. 77 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Cercospora setariae G.F. Atk. Chrysonilia crassa (Shear & B.O. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Poaceae Dodge) Arx Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 375. Ecology: saprobic, deteriorating fibres of Gossypium hirsutum, Malvaceae Cercospora sidicola Ellis & Everh. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 147, as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sida sp., Monilia crassa Shear & B.O. Dodge. Malvaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 377. Chrysonilia sitophila (Mont.) Arx Fig. 26 Cercospora sorghi Ellis & Everh. Ecology: saprobic, on stump, base of palm, or Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum clump of grass, after burning halepense, S. vulgare, Poaceae Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: PA Reference: Weston 1933: 397, 400, as Monilia Reference: Chupp 1930: 293; McGuire & crassa Shear & Dodge (evident by the Crandall 1967: 122; Dennis 1970: 403; Crous description); Standley 1933: 21, as M. crassa; & Braun 2003: 382. McGuire & Crandall 1967: 147, as Monilia sitophila (Mont.) Sacc. Cercospora violae Sacc. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Viola sp., Cladobotryum sphaerocephalum Violaceae (Berk.) Rogerson & Samuels Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 423. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from decaying palm petiole Cercospora zeae-maydis Tehon & E.Y. Province/Locality: BCI Daniels Reference: Goos 1997: 376. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Poaceae citri Massee Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., & Crandall 1967: 118; Crous & Braun 2003: Rutaceae 433. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202.

Cercospora zebrina Pass. Cladosporium cladosporioides Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fabaceae (Fresen.) G.A. de Vries Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 433. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI, CH Cercospora zonata G. Winter Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fabaceae Hormodendrum cladosporioides (Fresen.) Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 435. Sacc.; Dennis 1970: 395.

Cerebella andropogonis Ces. Cladosporium cucumerinum Ellis & Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Panicum Arthur maximum, Poaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cucumis melo, C. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 152. sativus, Sechium edule, Cucurbitaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 141.

78 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link Conioscypha varia Shearer Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from fruit of Poaceae Scheelea zonensis, Arecaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Province/Locality: BCI & Crandall 1967: 118. Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2930.

Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link Cordana musae (Zimm.) Höhn. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., cultivated from palm leaf Musaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 130. Reference: Farrow 1954: 639; Morris & Finley 1956: 730; Goos 1960: 879; Dennis 1970: Cordana pauciseptata Preuss 395. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from angiosperm wood Cladotrichum sp. Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from angiosperm Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 730; Dennis wood 1970: 395. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 730. Corynespora elaeidicola M.B. Ellis var. cercosporioides Farr Clonostachys rosea (Link) Schroers, a new variety from Panama Samuels, Seifert & W. Gams Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Heliconia curtispatha, Heliconiaceae Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Gliocladium Reference: Farr 1961: 358. roseum Bainier, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383, as G. roseum. Cryptophiale kakombensis Piroz. Ecology: saprobic, on decaying palm leaf Clonostachys rosea (Link) Schroers, Province/Locality: BCI Samuels, Seifert & W. Gams f. catenu- Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2930. lata (J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott) Schroers Curvularia geniculata (Tracy & Earle) Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Boedijn Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, cultivated Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Gliocladium from soil or from palm leaf catenulatum J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott; Province/Locality: BCI, CH Dennis 1970: 383, as G. catenulatum. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Morris & Finley 1956: 730; Dennis 1970: 417. Coccosporium sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, cultivated Reference: Farrow 1954: 639. from palm leaf or from soil, on fibres of Gossypium hirsutum, Malvaceae; on Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Poaceae; on Capsicum frutescens, Solanaceae 79 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Province/Locality: BCI, CH Diplosporium album Bonord. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Morris & Finley Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from 1956: 731; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 118, angiospermous wood 123, 139, 146; Dennis 1970: 417. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 729; Dennis Curvularia sp. 1970: 386. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Province/Locality: BCI Domingoella pycnopeltarum Bat. Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187. Ecology: on Spondias purpurea, Anacardiaceae Cylindrocarpon musae C. Booth & R.H. Province/Locality: CA Stover Reference: Batista & Maia 1957: 447. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., Musaceae Drechmeria coniospora (Drechsler) W. Reference: Brayford 1987: 127. Gams & H.-B. Jansson Ecology: endoparasitic in nematodes Dactylella candida (Nees) de Hoog & Province/Locality: CH Oorschot Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Ecology: saprophytic Province/Locality: CH Drechslera gigantea (Heald & F.A. Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119, as Wolf) S. Ito Monacrosporium candidum (Nees) Xing-Z. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Triticum aestivum, Liu & K.-Q. Zhang. Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 151, as Dactylellina haptotyla (Drechsler) M. Helminthosporium giganteum Heald & F.A. Scholler, Hagedorn & A. Rubner Wolf. Ecology: nematode trapping Province/Locality: CH Drechslera maydis (Y. Nisik. & C. Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119, as Miyake) Subram. & B.L. Jain Monacrosporium haptotylum (Drechsler) Xing Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Z. Liu & K.Q. Zhang. Poaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Delortia palmicola Pat. & Gaillard Helminthosporium maydis Y. Nisik. & C. Ecology: saprobic, on decaying palm petiole Miyake; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 118, as H. Province/Locality: BCI maydis. Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2930. Drechslera oryzae (Breda de Haan) Dictyocatenulata alba Finley & E.F. Subram. & B.L. Jain Morris Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on bark, Poaceae often on living trees Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Reference: Seifert et al. 1987: 459. Helminthosporium oryzae Breda de Haan; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 123, as H. oryzae.

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Drechslera ravenelii (M.A. Curtis ex Fusarium malli Taubenh. Berk.) Subram. & B.L. Jain Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sporobolus sp., Alliaceae Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 139. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Stevens 1927a: 57, as Fusarium musarum Logrieco & Helminthosporium ravenelii M.A. Curtis ex Marasas Berk.; Dennis 1970: 418, as H. ravenelii. a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., Drechslera sp. Musaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Andropogon Reference: Marasas et al. 1998: 510. gayanus, Poaceae Reference: Lenné 1990: 4. Fusarium neoceras Wollenw. & Reinking Escovopsis sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: parasitic on fungi cultivated by leaf- Province/Locality: BCI, CH cutting ants Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI, CA 428. Reference: Currie 2001: 99. Schltdl. Fusariella concinna (Syd.) S. Hughes Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from angiosperm Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from dead leaf wood; plant parasitic, on Allicum cepa, Province/Locality: BCI Alliaceae; on Dioscorea sp., Dioscoreaceae; Reference: Goos 1997: 377. on Solanum tuberosum, Solanaceae Province/Locality: CH Fusarium acuminatum Ellis & Everh. Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 733; subsp. acuminatum McGuire & Crandall 1967: 125, 139, 149; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., Dennis 1970: 428. Musaceae Reference: Altomare et al. 1997: 1676. Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. f.sp. conglutinans W.C. Snyder & H.N. Fusarium graminearum Schwabe Hansen Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum Ecology: plant parasitic, on Brassica oleracea virgatum, Poaceae var. capitata, Brassicaceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138, as Reference: Stevens 1927a: 60; Lenné 1990: F. oxysporum f. conglutinans (Wollenw.) 107. W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen.

Fusarium lateritium Nees var. longum Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. f.sp. Wollenw. cubense W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 134, Musaceae 145. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Fusarium cubense E.F. Sm.; Dennis 1970: 428. 81 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. f.sp. Coffea arabica, Rubiaceae; on Capsicum lycopersici (Sacc.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. frutescens, Solanaceae Hansen Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lycopersicon McGuire & Crandall 1967: 139, 144, 145. esculentum, Solanaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 136. Fusarium sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. f.sp. Province/Locality: BCI niveum W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrullus vulgaris, Cucurbitaceae Gibellula sp. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 141, as Ecology: parasitic on spiders, on Eriophora F. oxysporum f. niveum (E.F. Sm.) W.C. fuliginea, Araneidae Snyder & H.N. Hansen. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Nentwig 1985: 272. Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. f.sp. phaseoli J.B. Kendr. & W.C. Snyder Gliocladium penicillioides Corda Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phaseolus Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil, vulgaris, Fabaceae cultivated from old termite nest Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 120. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Morris & Finley Fusarium pseudocircinatum O´Donnell 1956: 728; Dennis 1970: 383. & Nirenberg Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from textile or Gliocladium sp. dead leaves Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Nirenberg & O´Donnell 1998: 448. Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187.

Fusarium roseum Link Gliomastix murorum (Corda) S. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Hughes var. murorum banana farm Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Gliomastix convoluta (Harz) E.W. Mason, a synonym acc. Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. to Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 384, as G. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil convoluta. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Goos 1960: Gloeocercospora sorghi D.C. Bain & 879; Dennis 1970: 428. Edgerton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum Fusarium sp. halepense, S. vulgare, Zea mays, Poaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Alliaceae; on Lactuca sativa, Asteraceae; on & Crandall 1967: 118, 122. Sorghum vulgare, Zea mays, Poaceae; on

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Gloeosporium sp. Haptocillium balanoides (Drechsler) Ecology: plant parasitic, on Manihot escu- Zare & W. Gams lenta, Euphorbiaceae Ecology: endoparasitic in nematodes Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Province/Locality: CH & Crandall 1967: 143. Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119, as Verticillium balanoides (Drechsler) Dowsett, Gonytrichum macrocladum (Sacc.) S. J. Reid & Hopkin. Hughes Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil, Harpographium fasciculatum Sacc. cultivated from palm leaf or angiosperm wood Ecology: saprobic, on dead bamboo branch Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Morris & Finley Reference: Goos 1997: 377. 1956: 730; Dennis 1970: 392. Harposporium anguillulae Lohde Graphium bulbicola Henn. Ecology: endoparasitic in nematodes Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: 423. Helicoma chlamydosporum Shearer a new species from Panama Graphium penicillioides Corda Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from submerged Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from decaying twig breadfruit leaf Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Shearer 1987: 468. Reference: Goos 1997: 377. Helicomyces torquatus L.C. Lane & Graphium rigidum (Pers.) Sacc. Shearer Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from Apeiba a new species from Panama fruit and palm leaf Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from submerged Province/Locality: BCI twig Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 732; Dennis Province/Locality: BCI 1970: 423. Reference: Lane & Shearer 1984: 291.

Hansfordiellopsis lichenicola (Bat. & Helicosporium lumbricopsis Linder Maia) Deighton Ecology: saprobic, on wood or fallen twigs Ecology: lichenicolous, on , Reference: Dennis 1970: 379. Lichenes Province/Locality: COI Helminthosporium carposaprum Reference: Etayo 1997: 212. Pollack Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lycopersicon Hansfordiellopsis minuta D. Hawksw. esculentum, Solanaceae Ecology: lichenicolous, on Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 136. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 213.

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Helminthosporium mayaguezense Hormisciella atra Bat. Miles Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cornutia Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum pyramidata, Verbenaceae conjugatum, Poaceae Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: CA Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 34. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 56; Lenné 1990: 101. Humarina sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Helminthosporium sigmoideum Cavara Province/Locality: CA, CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Reference: Farrow 1954: 640. Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 124. Humicola fuscoatra Traaen Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Helminthosporium torulosum (Syd.) Province/Locality: BCI, CH S.F. Ashby Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., 392. Musaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 130. Humicola grisea Traaen Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Heterocephalum taiense Persiani & Reference: Dennis 1970: 392. Maggi Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Hymenostilbe dipterigena Petch Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: parasitic on Diptera Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Reference: Petch 1932: 212; Mains 1950: 581; Heterocephalum aurantiacum Thaxter, Dennis 1970: 423. probably a wrong identification acc. to Yaguchi et al. 1996: 160; Dennis 1970: 422, Hymenostilbe formicarum Petch as H. aurantiacum; Yaguchi et al. 1996: 160. Ecology: parasitic on ants, Formicidae (Hymenoptera) Hirsutella rhossiliensis Minter & B.L. Reference: Charles 1941 in Mains 1950: 583; Brady Dennis 1970: 424. Ecology: endoparasitic in nematodes Province/Locality: CH Isaria sp. Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Ecology: parasitic on bugs (Hemiptera) Province/Locality: BCI Hirsutella saussurei (Cooke) Speare Reference: Weston 1933: 403. Ecology: parasitic on Hymenoptera Reference: Dennis 1970: 424. Isaria tenuipes Peck Ecology: saprobic/parasitic on insects, on dead Hobsonia mirabilis (Peck) Linder cocoons Ecology: saprobic, on bamboo, wood, or palm Province/Locality: BCI debris Reference: Morris 1967: 184. Reference: Dennis 1970: 379.

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Khuskia oryzae H.J. Huds. Microxyphium sp. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Ecology: foliicolous, on Psychotria sp., Saccharum officinarum, Zea mays, Poaceae Rubiaceae; on Cornutia pyramidata, Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Verbenaceae Nigrospora oryzae (H.J. Huds.) Arx; McGuire Province/Locality: CA & Crandall 1967: 118, 124, 128, as N. oryzae. Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 30, 34.

Masoniella grisea (Smith) Smith Monacrosporium ellipsosporum Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil (Preuss) R. C. Cooke & C. H. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Dickenson Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: Ecology: nematode trapping 391. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Melanographium sp. Ecology: saprobic Monacrosporium eudermatum Reference: Morris 1963b: 84. (Drechsler) Subram. Ecology: nematode trapping Memnoniella echinata (Rivolta) Province/Locality: CH Galloway Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of banana farm Monacrosporium leptosporum Province/Locality: CH (Drechsler) A. Rubner Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Goos 1960: Ecology: nematode trapping 879; Dennis 1970: 391. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Persmark et al. 1995: 119, as Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Dactylella leptospora Drechsler. Sorokin var. anisopliae Ecology: saprobic and parasitic on insects, Moniliophthora roreri (Cif.) H.C. Evans, cultivated from soil and on leaf-cutting ants, Stalpers, Samson & Benny cockroach, or Diptera Ecology: plant parasitic, on Theobroma cacao, Province/Locality: BCI, CA Malvaceae Reference: Weston 1933: 403 as Metarhizium Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Monilia sp.; Standley 1933: 21; Hughes et al. 2004: 48. roreri Cif.; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 148, as M. roreri. Microxyphium columnatum Bat., Cif. & Nascim. Monosporium acuminatum Bonord. Ecology: foliicolous, on Annona marcgravii, var. terrestre Sacc. Annonaceae; on Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Lauraceae Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 123, 124. 384.

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Monotospora brevis (J.C. Gilman & Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Oidium E.V. Abbott) E.W. Mason caricae F. Noack, a synonym acc. to Index Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 129, as Province/Locality: BCI, CA O. caricae. Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: 393. Oidium sp. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrullus vulgaris, Mycogone nigra (Morgan) C.N. Jensen Cucumis melo, C. sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil C. pepo, Sechium edule, Cucurbitaceae; on Province/Locality: BCI Diospyros kaki, Ebenaceae; on Persea ameri- Reference: Farrow 1954: 640. cana, Lauraceae; on Eugenia aromatica, E. jambos, E. uniflora, Myrtaceae Negeriella panamensis E.F. Morris Province/Locality: BCI a new species from Panama Reference: Standley 1933: 21; Amano 1986: Ecology: saprobic, on decaying angiosperm 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 344, 347, 373. wood Province/Locality: BCI Oidium tingitaninum J.C. Carter Reference: Morris 1967: 182. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Neottiosporella radicata E.F. Morris Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from bark & Crandall 1967: 135. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 735; Dennis Pachytrichum guazumae Syd. 1970: 426. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Guazuma ulmifolia, Malvaceae Nigrospora sphaerica (Sacc.) E.W. Province/Locality: CA Mason Reference: Stevens 1930: 286. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil; seed or fibre mold of Gossypium hirsutum, Paecilomyces marquandii (Massee) S. Malvaceae Hughes Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; McGuire & Province/Locality: BCI Crandall 1967: 147; Dennis 1970: 393. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Spicaria violacea E.V. Abbott, a synonym acc. to Index Nomuraea cf. atypicola (Yasuda) Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383. Samson Ecology: parasitic on Argiope argentata, A. Paecilomyces varioti Bainier savignyi, Nephila clavipes, Araneidae Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil and Province/Locality: CA palm leaf Reference: Nentwig 1985: 272. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Morris & Finley Oidium caricae-papayae W.Y. Yen 1956: 728; Dennis 1970: 383; Goos 1960: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Carica papaya, 879. Caricaceae

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Passalora arachidicola (Hori) U. Braun Passalora dioscoreae (Ellis & G.W. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arachis hypogaea, Martin) U. Braun & Crous Fabaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioscorea sp., Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Dioscoreaceae Cercospora arachidicola Hori; Crous & Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 162. Braun 2003: 62. Passalora fulva (Cooke) U. Braun & Passalora bataticola (Cif. & Bruner) U. Crous Braun & Crous Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lycopersicon Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ipomoea sp., esculentum, Solanaceae Convolvulaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 77. Cladosporium fulvum Cooke; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 136, as C. fulvum. Passalora cajani (Henn.) U. Braun & Crous var. trichophila (Curci) Deighton Passalora fusimaculans (G.F. Atk.) U. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cajanus sp., Braun & Crous Fabaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Panicum Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 93. maximum, Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 152, as Passalora caladii (F. Stevens) U. Braun Cercospora fusimaculans G.F. Atk.; Lenné & A. Sivapalan 1990: 92, as C. fusimaculans; Crous & Braun Ecology: plant parasitic, on Araceae 2003: 192. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 93. Passalora henningsii (Allesch.) Passalora capsicicola (Vassiljevsky) U. R.F.Castañeda & U. Braun Braun & F.O. Freire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Manihot esculenta Ecology: plant parasitic, on Capsicum sp., (M. manihot, M. utilissima), Euphorbiaceae Solanaceae Province/Locality: CA, PA Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 138, as Reference: Chupp 1930: 285, as Cercospora Cercospora unamunoi Castell., a synonym cearae Petch, a synonym acc. to Crous & acc. to Crous & Braun 2003: 415; Crous & Braun 2003: 113; Solheim & Stevens 1931: Braun 2003: 103. 371, as Cercospora manihotis Henn. and p. 381 as Cercospora cassavae Ellis & Everh., Passalora cayaponiae (F. Stevens & both synonyms acc. to Crous & Braun 2003: Solheim) U. Braun & Crous 215; Chupp 1953: 220, as C. henningsii; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cucurbitaceae McGuire & Crandall 1967: 143, as Cerco- Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 112. spora henningsii Allesch.; Dennis 1970: 402, as C. henningsii; Crous & Braun 2003: 215. Passalora davillae (A.S. Mull. & Chupp) U. Braun, J.C. David & F.O. Freire Passalora janseana (Racib.) U. Braun Ecology: plant parasitic, on Davilla sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Dilleniaceae Poaceae Reference: Braun et al. 1999: 96; Crous & Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Braun 2003: 154. Cercospora oryzae T. Miyake, a synonym acc. to Crous & Braun 2003: 299; McGuire & 87 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Crandall 1967: 123, as C. oryzae; Crous & Passalora personata (Berk. & M.A. Braun 2003: 231. Curtis) S.A. Kahn & M. Kamal Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arachis hypogaea, Passalora koepkei (W. Krüger) U. Fabaceae Braun & Crous Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Cercospora personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) officinarum, Poaceae Ellis & Everh.; Crous & Braun 2003: 317. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 127, as Cercospora koepkei W. Krüger; Crous & Passalora pyrostegiae (Viégas) U. Braun 2003: 238. Braun & Crous Ecology: plant parasitic, on Pyrostegia sp., Passalora lantanae (Chupp) U. Braun & Bignoniaceae Crous Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 346. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lantana sp., Verbenaceae Passalora rauvolfiae (Deighton) U. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 242. Braun & Crous Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rauvolfia sp., Passalora manihotis (Solheim & F.L. Apocynaceae Stevens) U. Braun & Crous Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 349. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Manihot esculenta (M. utilissima), Euphorbiaceae Passalora rosicola (Pass.) U. Braun Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rosa sp., Reference: Solheim & Stevens 1931: 404, as Rosaceae Ragnhildiana manihotis Solheim & F.L. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 357. Stevens; Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Cercospora caribaea Cif., a synonym acc. to Passalora stylosanthis (Speg.) U. Crous & Braun 2003: 104; McGuire & Cran- Braun dall 1967: 143, as C. caribaea; Crous & Braun Ecology: plant parasitic, on Stylosanthes sp., 2003: 266. Fabaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 391. Passalora mimosae (F. Stevens & Dalbey) U. Braun Passalora vaginae (W. Krüger) U. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mimosa pudica, Braun & Crous Fabaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 275. officinarum, Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 127, as Passalora mucunae (Syd. & P. Syd.) U. Cercospora vaginae W. Krüger; Crous & Braun & Mouch. Braun 2003: 417. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fabaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 284. Patouillardiella sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Passalora occidentalis (Cooke) U. Province/Locality: BCI Braun Reference: Farrow 1954: 640. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fabaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 294. 88 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Penicillium avellaneum Thom & Penicillium dierckxii Biourge Turesson Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil and Ecology: saprobic deteriorating tentage Reference: Raper et al. 1949: 597. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Penicillium Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx fellutanum Biourge, a synonym acc. to Index Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383, as P. Province/Locality: CH fellutanum; Raper et al. 1949: 212, as P. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Penicillium fellutatum. stoloniferum Thom, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383, as P. Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc. stoloniferum. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Penicillium canescens Sopp Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 135. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CH Penicillium funiculosum Thom Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Penicillium Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil kapuscinskii K.M. Zalessky, a synonym acc. to Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383, as P. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: kapuscinskii. 383.

Penicillium capsulatum Raper & Penicillium glabrum (Wehmer) Fennell Westling a new species from Panama Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from a camera Province/Locality: BCI, CH lens Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Penicillium Province/Locality: CA terlikowskii K.M. Zalessky, a synonym acc. to Reference: Raper & Fennell 1948: 528; Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383, as P. Dennis 1970: 383; Raper et al. 1949: 242; Pitt terlikowskii. 1979: 214; Peterson 2000a: 165. Penicillium gladioli Machacek Penicillium citrinum Thom Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil and Province/Locality: BCI, CH from exposed textile Reference: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH 383; Goos 1960: 879; all as Penicillium Reference: Farrow 1954: 640 and 641, as asperum (Shear) Raper & Thom, a synonym Penicillium steckii K.M. Zalessky, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. acc. to Index Fungorum; Raper et al. 1949: 350, as P. steckii; Dennis 1970: 383 also as P. Penicillium humuli J.F.H. Beyma steckii; Pitt 1979: 291. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Penicillium decumbens Thom Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil 383. Province/Locality: CH Ref.: Farrow 1954: 640; Dennis 1970: 383. 89 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Penicillium indonesiae Pitt Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil 383; Raper et al. 1949: 414; Pitt 1979: 306; Province/Locality: CH Peterson 2000a: 166. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Penicillium javanicum J.F.H. Beyma, a synonym acc. to Penicillium raistrickii G. Sm. Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383, as P. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil javanicum. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Penicillium kloeckeri Pitt 383. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Penicillium rubrum Sopp Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil 383; Raper et al. 1949: 583; all as Penicillium Province/Locality: BCI wortmannii Klöcker, a synonym acc. to Index Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Fungorum 383.

Penicillium lanosum Westling Penicillium simplicissimum (Oudem.) Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Thom Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH 383. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641 also as Penicillium janthinellum Biourge, a synonym Penicillium lilacinum Thom acc. to Index Fungorum; Goos 1960: 879; Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Dennis 1970: 383 also as P. janthinellum. banana farm Province/Locality: CH Penicillium sp. Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Alliaceae; on Oryza sativa, Sorghum vulgare, Penicillium oxalicum Currie & Thom Zea mays, Poaceae; on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; banana farm McGuire & Crandall 1967: 140. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Penicillium sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Penicillium panamense Samson, Stolk Province/Locality: BCI & Frisvad Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187. a new species from Panama Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Penicillium sublateritium Biourge Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from Reference: Samson et al. 1989: 136. deteriorating military equipment Province/Locality: BCI Penicillium paxilli Bainier Reference: Raper et al. 1949: 203. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil and photographic film Province/Locality: BCI, CH 90 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Penicillium thomii Maire Phaeoisaria clematidis (Fuckel) S. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Hughes Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, on decaying bamboo stem Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI 383. Reference: Goos 1997: 379.

Penicillium vanbeymae Pitt Phaeoisariopsis cercosporoides (M.L. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Farr) M.B. Ellis Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Farrow 1954: 640, as Penicillium Ecology: plant parasitic, on Heliconia sp., baarnense J.F.H. Beyma, a synonym acc. to Heliconiaceae Index Fungorum; Dennis 1970: 383, as P. Province/Locality: CA baarnense. Reference: Ellis 1976: 236.

Penicillium variabile Sopp Phaeoisariopsis griseola (Sacc.) Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from weathering Ferraris canvas Ecology: plant parasitic, on Macroptilium Reference: Pitt 1979: 451. atropurpureum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 120, as Penicillium vinaceum J.C. Gilman & Isariopsis griseola Sacc.; Lenné 1990: 84; E.V. Abbott Crous & Braun 2003: 205. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Phialophora verrucosa Medlar Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf 383. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 730; Dennis Periconia byssoides Pers. 1970: 391. Ecology: saprobic, on Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae; on dead spots caused by Pithomyces chartarum (Berk. & M.A. Cercospora manihoticola Curtis) M.B. Ellis Province/Locality: CA Ecology: saprobic, on palm leaf Reference: Stevens 1930: 286, as Periconia Reference: Dennis 1970: 421. pycnospora Fresen., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 143, as Placonema bambusae (Bat.) Nag Raj P. pycnospora. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chusquea pittieri, Poaceae Periconia igniaria E.W. Mason & M.B. Reference: Nag Ray 1993: 702. Ellis Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Pseudocercospora abelmoschi (Ellis & Province/Locality: BCI Everh.) Deighton Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 729; Dennis Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioscorea sp., 1970: 393. Dioscoreaceae; on Hibiscus sp., Malvaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 149, as Cercospora abelmoschi Ellis & Everh.; Crous & Braun 2003: 37. 91 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Pseudocercospora aleuritis (I. Miyake) Pseudocercospora carbonacea (Miles) Deighton N. Pons & B. Sutton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Aleurites sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioscorea alata, Euphorbiaceae Dioscoreaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 50. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Cercospora carbonacea L.E. Miles; McGuire Pseudocercospora anacardii E. & Crandall 1967: 149, as C. carbonacea; Castell. & Casulli Crous & Braun 2003: 104. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Anacardium sp., Anacardiaceae Pseudocercospora catappae (Henn.) Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 56. Y.L. Guo & X.J. Liu Ecology: plant parasitic, on Terminalia sp., Pseudocercospora annonae U. Braun Combretaceae & Crous Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 111. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Annona sp., Annonaceae Pseudocercospora chirguensis U. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 59. Braun, Crous & N. Pons Ecology: plant parasitic, on Curatella Pseudocercospora annonae- americana, Dilleniaceae squamosae U. Braun & R. F. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 120. Castañeda Ecology: plant parasitic, on Annona sp., Pseudocercospora clitoriae (G. F. Atk.) Annonaceae Deighton Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 59. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fabaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 129. Pseudocercospora atromarginalis (G. F. Atk.) Deighton Pseudocercospora costi (F. Stevens) Ecology: plant parasitic, on Solanaceae U. Braun & Crous Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 71. a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Costus sp., Pseudocercospora bixae (Allesch. & F. Costaceae Noack) Crous, Alfenas & R.W. Barreto Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bixa sp., Bixaceae Reference: Stevens 1927a: 57; Solheim & Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 81. Stevens 1931: 374; Chupp 1953: 607; Dennis 1970: 414; Bussaban et al. 2002: 171; all as Pseudocercospora blechi U. Braun, Cercospora costi F. Stevens. Crous & Braun Crous & N. Pons 2003: 140. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Blechum sp., Acanthaceae Pseudocercospora cruenta (Sacc.) Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 82. Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fabaceae Pseudocercospora byrsonimatis Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 145. (Maubl.) U. Braun & Mouch. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Malpighiaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 92. 92 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Pseudocercospora cydoniae (Ellis & Reference: Braun et al. 1999: 102; Crous & Everh.) Y.L. Guo & X.J. Liu Braun 2003: 279. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chaenomeles sp., Rosaceae Pseudocercospora neriella (Sacc. ) Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 149. Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Apocynaceae Pseudocercospora guazumae (Syd.) Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 290. Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Guazuma sp., Pseudocercospora nymphaeacea Malvaceae (Cooke & Ellis) Deighton Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 207. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Nelumbo sp., Nelumbonaceae; on Nymphaea sp., Pseudocercospora heveae (Vincens) Nymphaeaceae Deighton Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hevea brasilien- Reference: Chupp 1930: 290, as Cercospora sis, Euphorbiaceae nymphaeaceae Cooke & Ellis; Dennis 1970: Reference: Dennis 1970: 402, as Cercospora 408, as C. nymphaeacea; Crous & Braun heveae Vincens; Crous & Braun 2003: 217. 2003: 293.

Pseudocercospora hurae (F. Stevens) Pseudocercospora piperis (Pat.) Deighton Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Hura crepitans, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Piper sp., Euphorbiaceae Pothomorphe peltata, Piperaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 221. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Dennis 1970: 410, as Cercospora Pseudocercospora jahnii (Syd.) U. piperis Pat.; Chupp 1930: 291, as Cercospora Braun & Crous portoricensis Earle, a synonym acc. to Crous Ecology: plant parasitic, on Tabebuia sp., & Braun 2003: 334. Bignoniaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 230. Pseudocercospora psidii (Rangel) R.F. Castañeda & U. Braun Pseudocercospora lythracearum Ecology: plant parasitic, on Psidium sp., (Heald & F.A. Wolf) X.J. Liu & Y.L. Guo Myrtaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lythraceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 338. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 259. Pseudocercospora puerariae (Syd. & Pseudocercospora mali (Ellis & Everh.) P. Syd.) Deighton Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Pueraria Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rosaceae phaseoloides, Fabaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 264. Reference: Lenné 1990: 116; Crous & Braun 2003: 341. Pseudocercospora mombin (Petr. & Cif.) Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Spondias sp., Anacardiaceae 93 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Pseudocercospora punicae (Henn.) Province/Locality: PA Deighton Reference: Chupp 1930: 294, as Cercospora Ecology: plant parasitic, on Punica granatum, stizolobii Syd. & P. Syd.; Dennis 1970: 406, Punicaceae as C. stizolobii; Crous & Braun 2003: 389. Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 344. Pseudocercospora timorensis (Cooke) Pseudocercospora purpurea (Cooke) Deighton Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Convolvulaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Persea americana, Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 404. P. gratissima, Lauraceae Province/Locality: CA Pseudocercospora trichophila (F. Reference: Stevens 1927a: 58; Solheim & Stevens) Deighton Stevens 1931: 372; Dennis 1970: 404; all as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Solanum torvum, Cercospora purpurea Cooke. Crous & Braun Solanaceae 2003: 345. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Ellis 1976: 179, as Helicomina Pseudocercospora rubi (Sacc.) trichophila (F. Stevens) M.B. Ellis; Deighton Deighton 1976: 106; Crous & Braun 2003: 409. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rosaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 358. Pseudocercospora ubi (Racib.) Deighton Pseudocercospora sawadae (W. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioscorea sp., Yamam.) Goh & W.H. Hsieh Dioscoreaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Myrtaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 149, as Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 367. Cercospora ubi Racib.; Crous & Braun 2003: 414. Pseudocercospora sphaerellae- eugeniae (Rangel) Crous, Alfenas & Pseudocercospora urenae (Viégas & R.W. Barreto Chupp) A. Hern.-Gut. & Dianese Ecology: plant parasitic, on Myrtaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Urena sp., Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 383. Malvaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 416. Pseudocercospora stevensii (E. Young) U. Braun & Crous Pseudocercospora vismiicola (Chupp.) Ecology: plant parasitic, on Andira inermis, U. Braun & Crous Fabaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Guttiferae Province/Locality: PA Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 426. Reference: Chupp 1930: 294, as Cercospora stevensii E. Young; Dennis 1970: 404, as C. Pseudocercospora vitis (Lév.) Speg. stevensii. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Vitaceae Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 427. Pseudocercospora stizolobii (Syd. & P. Syd.) Deighton Ecology: plant parasitic, on Stizolobium deeringianum, Fabaceae 94 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Pseudocercospora wedeliae (A.K. Kar Septonema toruloides (Berl.) var. & M. Mandal) Deighton taurinense Ferr. & Tonelli Ecology: plant parasitic, on Asteraceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cornutia Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 429. pyramidata, Verbenaceae Province/Locality: CA Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc. Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 34. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria decumbens, Poaceae Shropshiria chusqueae F. Stevens Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 151, a new species from Panama 152. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Chusquea simpliciflora, Poaceae Pyricularia oryzae Cavara Province/Locality: CA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Reference: Stevens 1927c: 231. Poaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Solheimia costispora E.F. Morris & Crandall 1967: 124. a new species from Panama Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Rhynchosporium oryzae Hashioka & Province/Locality: BCI Yokogi Reference: Morris 1967: 181; Bills et al. 1994: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, 4. Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 124. Sorocybe resinae (Fr.) Fr. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Scolecostigmina mangiferae (Koord.) Province/Locality: CH U. Braun & Mouch. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Growth form: cercosporoid Pycnostysanus resinae J. Lindau, a synonym Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mangifera sp., acc. to Dugan et al. 2004: 78; Dennis 1970: Anacardiaceae 423, as P. resinae. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 131, as Cercospora mangiferae Koord.; Crous & Spadicoides obovata (Cooke & Ellis) S. Braun 2003: 265. Hughes Ecology: saprobic, on angiosperm wood Septonema intercalare E.K. Cash & Province/Locality: BCI A.M.J. Watson Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 731, as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cattleya Spondylocladium obovatum (Cooke & Ellis) bowringiana, Orchidaceae S. Hughes; Dennis 1970: 416, as S. obovatum. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Cash & Watson 1955: 744. Spadicoides xylogena (A.L. Smith) S. Hughes Septonema smilacinum Speg. Ecology: saprobic, on angiosperm wood Ecology: plant parasitic, on Psychotria sp., Province/Locality: BCI Rubiaceae Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 731, as Province/Locality: CA Spondylocladium xylogenum A.L. Smith; Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 30. Dennis 1970: 416, as S. xylogenum.

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Spiculostilbella dendritica E.F. Morris Ecology: plant parasitic, on Canavalia sp., a new species from Panama Fabaceae Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 98. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Morris 1963a: 101; Morris 1963b: Stenella praelonga (Syd.) U. Braun & 118. Crous Growth form: cercosporoid Sporidesmium bakeri Syd. & P. Syd. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cucurbitaceae Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 334. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 732. Stenella psychotriae (Chupp & Viégas) Crous & U. Braun Sporidesmium nodipes (Penz. & Sacc.) Growth form: cercosporoid S. Hughes Ecology: plant parasitic, on Psychotria sp., Ecology: saprobic, on decaying palm rachis Rubiaceae Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Crous & Braun 2003: 339. Reference: Goos 1997: 379. Stevensomyces palmae (F. Stevens & Stachybotrys atra Corda S.J. King) E.F. Morris & Finley Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf, a new species from Panama soil, and fibre of Gossypium hirsutum, Growth form: stilboid Malvaceae Ecology: on palm inflorescence, Arecaceae Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Stachybotrys Reference: Stevens 1927a: 59, as Isaria lobulata Berk., a synonym acc. to Index palmae F. Stevens & King; Morris 1965: 484; Fungorum; Morris & Finley 1956: 730; Goos Dennis 1970: 422, as I. palmae. 1960: 879; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 147; Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2930. Stilbella sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Stachybotrys cylindrospora C.N. Province/Locality: BCI Jensen Reference: Standley 1933: 21; Morris & Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Finley 1956: 732. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 641. Stromatographium stromaticum (Berk.) Höhn. Stachybotrys kampalensis Hansf. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on decaying breadfruit Province/Locality: BCI leaves Reference: Morris 1967: 184. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2930. Stysanus medius Sacc. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Stenella canavaliae (Syd. & P. Syd.) Province/Locality: BCI Deighton Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Growth form: cercosporoid 423, as Pycnostysanus medius (Sacc.) Bat. & Peres. 96 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Tetracoccosporium paxianum Szabó Reference: Goos 1997: 379, as Podosporium Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil nilgirense (Subram.) M.B. Ellis. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Trichocladium asperum Harz 420. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CH Tharoopama trina Subram. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, on wood 395. Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Morris 1963a: 100; Morris 1963b: Trichoderma hamatum (Bonord.) 130. Bainier Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Reference: Kindermann et al. 1998: 302. Broome) Ferraris Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Trichoderma koningii Oudem. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH 391. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: 384. Tompetchia webberi (H.S. Fawc.) Subram. Trichoderma viride Pers. Ecology: parasitic on Aleyrodes citri, Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil, on Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera) rotting stems or branches Province/Locality: PA Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Chardón & Toro 1930: 296, as Reference: Farrow 1954: 641, as Trichoderma Aegerita webberi H.S. Fawc.; Dennis 1970: lignorum (Tode) Harz, a synonym acc. to 429, as A. webberi. Index Fungorum; Weston 1933: 397, as T. lignorum; Goos 1960: 879. Torula herbarum (Pers.) Link Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf cf. Trichophyton rubrum (Castell.) and herbaceous debris Sabour. Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: human pathogenic, causing Dhobie Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 730; Dennis itch, eruptions of skin 1970: 390. Reference: Weston 1933: 400 as "Dhobie itch" = Tinea cruris. Torula sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil of Trichosphaeria sp. banana farm Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Goos 1960: 879. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641.

Tretophragmia nilgirensis (Subram.) Trichosporium sp. Subram. & Natarajan Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Ecology: saprobic, on decaying bamboo stem Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Province/Locality: BCI, CC Reference: Farrow 1954: 641. 97 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Trichothecium roseum (Pers.) Link Verticillium lateritium (Ehrenb. ex Fr.) Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Rabenh. and angiospermous wood Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Dennis 1970: 384. Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 729; Dennis 1970: 386. Verticillium luteoalbum (Link) Subram. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Tripospermum juglandis (Thüm.) S. Province/Locality: CH Hughes Reference: Farrow 1954: 639, as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cornutia Acrostalagmus cinnabarinus Corda, a pyramidata, Verbenaceae synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 34. Verticillium sp. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Tripospermum myrti (Lind) S. Hughes Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: plant parasitic, on Psychotria sp., Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187. Rubiaceae Province/Locality: CA Verticillium terrestre (Pers.) Sacc. Reference: Batista & Ciferri 1963: 30. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from soil Province/Locality: CA Ulocladium consortiale (Thüm.) E.G. Reference: Farrow 1954: 641; Dennis 1970: Simmons 384. Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from palm leaf Province/Locality: BCI Verticillium theobromae (Turconi) E.W. Reference: Morris & Finley 1956: 732, as Mason & S. Hughes Stemphylium consortiale (Thüm.) J.W. Groves Ecology: plant parasitic, on Musa sp., & Skolko; Dennis 1970: 420, as S. consor- Musaceae tiale. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 130, as Stachylidium theobromae Turconi. Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takah. Ecology: saprobic, on Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Vrikshopama swetasakha D. Rao & P. Poaceae Rag. Rao Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; Ecology: saprobic, on dead branches McGuire & Crandall 1967: 119, 124. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Morris 1967: 184. Uvarispora lignicola Goos & Piroz. a new species from Panama Westerdykella sp. Ecology: saprobic, on decaying wood Ecology: saprobic, cultivated from litter Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Goos & Pirozynski 1975: 2930. Reference: Cornejo et al. 1994: 187.

Verticillium fuliginosum Petch Wiesneriomyces javanicus Koord. Ecology: parasitic on leaf hoppers, Ecology: saprobic, on decaying fruit of Cicadellidae (Homoptera) Scheelea zonensis, Arecaceae Reference: Dennis 1970: 383. Province/Locality: BCI, CA 98 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Maniotis & Strain 1968: 204; Goos Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 124. & Pirozynski 1975: 2932; Goos 1978: 34. Rhizoctonia sp. Zygosporium oscheoides Mont. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Allium cepa, Ecology: saprobic, on decaying leaves of Alliaceae; on Lactuca sativa, Asteraceae; on breadfruit and on unknown monocot Persea americana, Lauraceae; on Gossypium Province/Locality: BCI, CA hirsutum, Theobroma cacao, Malvaceae; on Reference: Stevens 1930: 286; Goos & Sesamum indicum, Pedaliaceae; on Oryza Pirozynski 1975: 2932. sativa, Zea mays, Poaceae; on Coffea arabica, Rubiaceae Mycelia Sterilia Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 124, 131, 140, Rhizoctonia grisea (J.A. Stev.) Matz 144, 147, 149. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 124. Nom. Dub.

Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn Rhinotrichum curtisii Berk. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Beta vulgaris, Ecology: saprobic, on wood Chenopodiaceae; on Brassica oleracea, Province/Locality: BCI Brassicaceae; on Cucumis sativus, Reference: Weston 1933: 397, as Cucurbitaceae; on Manihot esculenta, Rhinotrichum sp.; Standley 1933: 21. Euphorbiaceae; on Centrosema brasilianum, Medicago sativa, Neonotonia wightii, Rhizomorpha corynephora Kunze Phaseolus vulgaris, Stylosanthes guianensis, Ecology: saprobic, on twigs or in forest litter Vigna sinensis, Fabaceae; on Eichhornia Province/Locality: BCI azurea, E. crassipes, Pontederiaceae; on Reference: Standley 1933: 21, as Citrus sp., Rutaceae; on Lycopersicon Rhizomorpha coryneocarpos, probably an esculentum, Nicotiana tabacum, Solanum error; Dennis 1970: 430. melongena, S. tuberosum, Solanaceae Province/Locality: CA Indet. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203; Ecology: from the deep sea McGuire & Crandall 1967: 121, 126, 135, Province/Locality: Golf of Panamá 137, 138, 142, 143, 151; Freeman & Zettler Reference: Kohlmeyer 1977: 203. 1974: C3; Lenné 1990: 28, 87, 137.

Rhizoctonia microsclerotia Matz Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 121.

Rhizoctonia oryzae Ryker & Gooch Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Poaceae

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ASCOLICHENES Arthonia trilocularis Müll. Arg. Ecology: symbiotic with algae Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Arthoniomycetidae Reference: Etayo 1997: 208.

Cryptothecia sp. Ecology: on twigs Arthonia accolens Stirt Province/Locality: CH Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Dichosporidium nigrocinctum (Ehrenb.) G. Thor Arthonia aciniformis Stirt Ecology: on twigs Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: COI Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Eremothecella calamicola Syd. & P. Arthonia cyanea Müll. Arg. Syd. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Reference: Etayo 1997: 212.

Arthonia leptosperma (Müll. Arg.) R. Mazosia dispersa (Hedrick) R. Sant. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Mazosia melanophthalma (Müll. Arg.) Arthonia mira R. Sant. R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 208. Reference: Etayo 1997: 213.

Arthonia palmulacea (Müll. Arg.) R. Mazosia paupercula (Müll. Arg.) R. Sant. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 208. Reference: Etayo 1997: 213.

Arthonia santessonii Matzer Mazosia phyllosema (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Ecology: lichenicolous, on Porina rugosa, Ecology: epiphyllous Lichenes Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Reference: Etayo 1997: 208.

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Mazosia pilosa Kalb & Vezda Anisomeridium musaesporoides Etayo Ecology: epiphyllous & Lücking Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo & Lücking 1999: 145. Mazosia praemorsa (Stirt.) R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Lyromma nectandrae Bat. & H. Maia Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Mazosia pseudobambusae Kalb & Vezda Pyrenula cryptothelia (Müll. Arg.) Ecology: epiphyllous Aptroot & Etayo Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Province/Locality: VR Reference: Etayo & Aptroot 2003: 235. Mazosia rotula (Mont.) A. Massal. Ecology: epiphyllous Pyrenula hirsuta Etayo Province/Locality: COI a new species from Panama Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Opegrapha serusiauxii Lücking Reference: Etayo 1999: 405. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Pyrenula luteopruinosa Etayo & Reference: Etayo 1997: 214, as Opegrapha cf. Aptroot lambinonii Sérus., acc. to R. Lücking (pers. a new species from Panama com.). Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: VR Microthyriales Reference: Etayo & Aptroot 2003: 233.

Leptopeltis filicina (Mont.) Höhn. order: incertae sedis Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Microtheliopsidaceae Reference: Etayo 1997: 214, as Opegrapha filicina Mont. Microtheliopsis uleana Müll. Arg. Ecology: epiphyllous Pyrenulales Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Anisomeridium foliicola R. Sant. & Tibell Phyllobatheliaceae Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Phyllobathelium firmum (Stirt.) Vezda Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 290, as Phyllobathelium epiphyllum (Müll. Arg.)

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Müll. Arg., acc. to R. Lücking (pers. com.); Strigula platypoda (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Etayo 1997: 214, as P. epiphyllum. Harris Ecology: epiphyllous Strigulaceae Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 214, as Porina Strigula antillarum (Fée) R. Sant. platypoda Müll. Arg.; Etayo 1997: 216. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Strigula prasina Müll. Arg. Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Strigula macrocarpa Vain. Reference: Etayo 1997: 215, as Raciborskiella Ecology: epiphyllous prasina (Müll. Arg.) R. Sant. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Strigula schizospora R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Strigula microspora Lücking Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Strigula smaragdula Fr. Ecology: epiphyllous on Persea americana, Strigula nematophora Mont. Lauraceae Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CA, COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 160, as Strigula Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. elegans (Fée) Müll. Arg., a synonym acc. to Etayo, ibidem; Etayo 1997: 216. Strigula obducta (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris Strigula smaragdula Fr. var. stellata Ecology: epiphyllous Nyl. & Cromb. ex A.M. Ward Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Strigula orbicularis Fr. Ecology: epiphyllous on Persea americana, Strigula subelegans Vain. Lauraceae Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 190, as Strigula Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. complanata (Fée) Mont., a synonym acc. to Santesson ibidem. Strigula subtilissima (Fée) Müll. Arg. Ecology: epiphyllous Strigula phyllogena (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Province/Locality: COI Harris Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 216.

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family: incertae sedis Coenogonium linkii Ehrenb. Flavobathelium epiphyllum Lücking, Ecology: on twigs Aptroot & G. Thor Province/Locality: CH Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 212. Coenogonium minimum (Müll. Arg.) Lücking Lecanoromycetidae Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997; 211, as Dimeriella Gyalectales minima (Müll. Arg.) R. Sant. Coenogonium dilucidum (Kremp.) Kalb & Lücking Coenogonium subluteum (Rehm) Kalb Ecology: epiphyllous & Lücking Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 211, as Dimeriella Province/Locality: COI dilucida (Kremp.) R. Sant. Reference: Etayo 1997: 211, as Dimeriella epiphylla (Müll. Arg.) Malme, acc. to R. Coenogonium flavicans (Vezda & Lücking (pers. com.). Farkas) Kalb & Lücking Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Bacidina apiahica (Müll. Arg.) Vezda Reference: Etayo 1997: 211, as Dimeriella cf. Ecology: epiphyllous flavicans Vezda & Farkas. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 208. Coenogonium hypophyllum (Vezda) Kalb & Lücking Bacidina pallidocarnea (Müll. Arg.) Ecology: epiphyllous Vezda Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 211, as Dimeriella Province/Locality: COI hypophylla Vezda. Reference: Etayo 1997: 208.

Coenogonium interplexum Nyl. Bacidina scutellifera (Vezda) Vezda Ecology: on stems Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: COI Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Reference: Etayo 1997: 208.

Coenogonium leprieurii (Mont.) Nyl. Badimia dimidiata (Bab. ex Leight.) Ecology: epiphyllous Vezda Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 210. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 209.

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Badimia pallidula (Kremp.) Vezda Byssoloma wettsteinii (Zahlbr.) Zahlbr. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Reference: Etayo 1997: 209.

Byssolecania fumosonigricans (Müll. Calopadia fusca (Müll. Arg.) Vezda Arg.) R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 210. Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Calopadia phyllogena (Müll. Arg.) Byssoloma aurantiacum Kalb & Vezda Vezda Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Reference: Etayo 1997: 210.

Byssoloma fadenii Vezda Calopadia puiggarii (Müll. Arg.) Vezda Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Reference: Etayo 1997: 210.

Byssoloma leucoblepharum (Nyl.) Catillaria usneicola Etayo Vain. em. R. Sant. a new species from Panama Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: lichenicolous, on Usnea sp. on Province/Locality: COI Quercus sp., Fagaceae Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Etayo 2000: 155. Byssoloma minutissimum Kalb & Vezda Cladia aggregata (Sw.) Nyl. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: on soil or wood Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: CH, PA Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Reference: Ahti 2000: 32; Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Byssoloma subdiscordans (Nyl.) P. James Cladina confusa (R. Sant.) Follmann & Ecology: epiphyllous Ahti f. confusa Province/Locality: COI Ecology: on soil or logs Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Ahti 2000: 58. Byssoloma tricholomum (Mont.) Zahlbr. andesita Vain. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: on soil or in wet bogs Province/Locality: BCI, COI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Santesson 1952: 480; Etayo 1997: Reference: Ahti 2000: 91; Büdel et al. 2000: 209. 542. 104 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Cladonia calycantha Delise ex Nyl. var. Cladonia macilenta Hoffm. exilier des Abbayes Ecology: on sand, road banks, or rocks, Ecology: on soil sometimes on stumps Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: des Abbayes 1949: 94. Reference: Ahti 2000: 208.

Cladonia cartilaginea Müll. Arg. Cladonia nana Vain. Ecology: on road banks, termite hills, or Ecology: on mineral soil or road banks mineral soil Province/Locality: PA Province/Locality: CH Reference: Ahti 2000: 253. Reference: Ahti 2000: 238. Cladonia pertricosa Kremp. Cladonia chlorophaea (Flörke ex Ecology: on twig in canopy Sommerf.) Spreng. Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on soil or wood Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 542, as Cladonia Province/Locality: CH peltastica (Nyl.) Müll. Arg., a synonym acc. to Reference: Ahti 2000: 98. Index Fungorum.

Cladonia corymbites Nyl. Cladonia praetermissa A.W. Archer Ecology: on road banks, rocks, or sand var. praetermissa Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on liana, soil, or decomposing log Reference: Ahti 2000: 245. Province/Locality: CH, PA Reference: Ahti 2000: 240, as Cladonia Cladonia dactylota Tuck. ceratophylla (Sw.) Spreng., a synonym acc. to Ecology: on soil, road sides, or termite hills Index Fungorum; Büdel et al. 2000: 542, as C. Province/Locality: CH ceratophylla. Reference: Ahti 2000: 110. Cladonia ramulosa (With.) J.R. Cladonia didyma (Fée) Vain. Laundon Ecology: on soil, wood, or tree bases Ecology: on rocks Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Ahti 2000: 193. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 542.

Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Schrad. Cladonia rappii A. Evans subsp. furcata Ecology: on road banks, rocks, or sand Ecology: on soil, road sides, or rocks Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Ahti 2000: 152. Reference: Ahti 2000: 167. Cladonia scholanderi Abbayes Cladonia isabellina Vain. a new species from Panama Ecology: on soil Ecology: on logs, soil, or rock outcrops Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Ahti 2000: 124. Reference: des Abbayes 1949: 92; Ahti 2000: 303.

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Cladonia squamosa (Scop.) Hoffm. Fellhanera dominicana (Vain.) Vezda Ecology: on rotten wood or humous soil Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: COI Reference: Ahti 2000: 308. Reference: Etayo 1997: 212.

Cladonia subradiata (Vain.) Sandst. Fellhanera fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vezda Ecology: on rotten wood, soil, or rocks Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CH, PA Province/Locality: COI Reference: Ahti 2000: 155. Reference: Etayo 1997.

Cladonia subsquamosa Kremp. Fellhanera cf. lisowskii (Vezda) Vezda Ecology: on rotten wood or soil Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: COI Reference: Ahti 2000: 160. Reference: Etayo 1997: 212.

Coccocarpia domingensis Vain. Fellhanera rhapidophylli (Rehm.) Ecology: on leaves Vezda Province/Locality: CH Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 212. Coccocarpia erythroxyli (Spreng.) Swinscow & Krog Fellhanera stanhopiae (Müll. Arg.) Ecology: on stems, epiphyllous Lücking, Lumbsch & Elix Province/Locality: CH, COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Arvidsson 1982: 57; Etayo 1997: Province/Locality: COI 210; Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Reference: Etayo 1997: 212.

Coccocarpia palmicola (Spreng.) Arv. Fellhanera subternella (Nyl.) Vezda & D.J. Galloway Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: on stems or tree logs Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Etayo 1997: 212. Reference: Arvidsson 1982: 72; Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Fellhanera verrucifera Lücking Ecology: epiphyllous Collema sp. Province/Locality: COI Ecology: on stems Reference: Etayo 1997: 212. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 542. Heterodermia barbifera (Nyl.) W.A. Weber Erioderma wrightii Tuck. Ecology: on stems Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543.

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Heterodermia cf. casarettiana (A. Province/Locality: CH Massal.) Trevis. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: CH Hypotrachyna osseoalba (Vain.) Y.S. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Park & Hale Ecology: on decomposing log Heterodermia flabellata (Fée) D.D. Province/Locality: CH Awasthi Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Ecology: on rocks Province/Locality: CH Hypotrachyna rhabdiformis (Kurok.) Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Hale Ecology: on trees Heterodermia isidiophora (Vain.) D.D. Province/Locality: CH Awasthi Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Ecology: on rocks Province/Locality: CH Lasioloma arachnoideum (Kremp.) R. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Heterodermia japonica (Satô) Province/Locality: COI Swinscow & Krog Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Ecology: on decomposing log Province/Locality: CH Leptogium azureum (Sw. ex Ach.) Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Mont. Ecology: on stems or twigs Heterodermia leucomela (Fée) Province/Locality: BCI, CH Swinscow & Krog Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Büdel et al. Ecology: on tree or on stems 2000: 544. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543, as Leptogium burgessii (L.) Mont. Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt, a Ecology: on rocks synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Hypotrachyna costaricensis (Nyl.) Hale Ecology: on decomposing log or stems Leptogium coralloideum (Meyen & Province/Locality: CH Flot.) Vain. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Ecology: on trees Province/Locality: CH Hypotrachyna exsplendens (Hale) Hale Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Ecology: on decomposing log Province/Locality: CH Leptogium cyanescens (Pers.) Körb. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Ecology: on stems or branches Province/Locality: CH Hypotrachyna imbricatula (Zahlbr.) Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Hale Ecology: on decomposing log 107 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Leptogium foveolatum Nyl. Pannaria rubiginosa (Thunb.) Delise Ecology: on trees or rocks Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545.

Leptogium laceroides de Lesd. Parmeliella pannosa (Sw.) Müll. Arg. Ecology: on stems Ecology: on stems or decomposing log Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545.

Leptogium cf. mandonii P.M. Jørg. Parmotrema cf. abnuens (Nyl.) Hale Ecology: on trees Ecology: on twigs Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545.

Leptogium marginellum (Sw.) Gray Parmotrema mellissii (C.W. Dodge) Ecology: on rocks Hale Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on decomposing log Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Leptogium phyllocarpum (Pers.) Mont. Ecology: on stems, twigs, or decomposing Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) logs Hale Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on rocks Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Leptogium vesiculosum (Sw.) Malme Ecology: on twigs Phyllopsora buettneri (Müll. Arg.) Province/Locality: CH Zahlbr. var. glauca (de Lesd.) Brako Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 544. Ecology: mostly corticolous Province/Locality: PA Loflammia flammea (Müll. Arg.) Vezda Reference: Brako 1991: 30. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Phyllopsora confusa Swinscow & Krog Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Ecology: mostly corticolous Province/Locality: PA Melagospora sp. Reference: Brako 1991: 35. Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: CH Phyllopsora corallina (Eschw.) Müll. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Arg. var. ochroxantha (Nyl.) Brako Ecology: mostly corticolous Oropogon loxensis (Fée) Zukal Province/Locality: BO, CC, DA, PA Ecology: on trees Reference: Brako 1991: 39. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. 108 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Phyllopsora furfuracea Zahlbr. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: mostly corticolous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: CN Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Reference: Brako 1991: 46. Tylophoron protrudens Nyl. Phyllopsora parvifolia (Pers.) Müll. Arg. Ecology: on bark of trees var. parvifolia Province/Locality: CH Ecology: mostly corticolous Reference: Tibell 1996: 71. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Brako 1991: 53. Umbilicaria polyrrhiza (L.) Fr. Ecology: on stems Relicina abstrusa (Vain.) Hale Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on stems Reference: Arvidsson 1982: 76, as Province/Locality: CH Coccocarpia pellita (Arch.) Müll. Arg., a Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Büdel et al. 2000: 542, as C. pellita. Sphaerophorus melanocarpus (Sw.) DC. Usnea sp. Ecology: on big branch in canopy Ecology: on trees Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 547.

Sporopodium leprieurii Mont. Woessia pseudohyphophorifera Ecology: epiphyllous Lücking & Sérus. Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 219. Sporopodium xantholeucum (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Lobaria crenulata (Hook. f.) Trevis Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: CH Stereocaulon virgatum Ach. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Ecology: on ground Province/Locality: CH Lobaria deplanata (Nyl.) Yoshim. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Ecology: on trees Province/Locality: CH Tapellaria bilimbioides R. Sant. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Lobaria dissecta (Sw.) Raeusch. Reference: Etayo 1997: 216. Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: CH Tapellaria epiphylla (Müll. Arg.) R. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Sant. 109 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Lobaria pallida (Hook. f.) Trevis Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on trees Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Sticta ferax Müll. Arg. Ecology: on trees Lobaria peltigera (Delile) Vain. s. lat. Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on trees Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Province/Locality: CH, VR Reference: Seemann 1852-57: 48, 246-248, as Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach. Sticta peltigera Delile, acc. to Hawksworth Ecology: on stems 2005: 19; Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. Ecology: on trees Sticta kunthii Hook. f. Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on stems Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Lobaria ravenelii (Tuck.) Yoshim. Ecology: on shrub Sticta macrophylla Bory ex Delise Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on stems Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Peltigera laciniata (G. Merr.) Gyeln. Ecology: on rocks or soil Sticta sublimbata (J. Steiner) Province/Locality: CH Swinscow & Krog Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: CH Pseudocyphellaria aurata (Ach.) Vain. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 547. Ecology: on stems, branches, or decomposing logs Province/Locality: CH Sticta tomentosa (Sw.) Ach. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Ecology: on stems or decomposing logs Province/Locality: CH Pseudocyphellaria intricata (Delise) Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 547. Vain. Ecology: on stems Sticta weigelii Isert Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on stems, branches, or decomposing Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. logs Province/Locality: CH Sticta ambavillaria (Bory) Ach. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 547. Ecology: on trees Province/Locality: CH Sticta weigelii Isert var. xanthotropa Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 546. Hue Ecology: on stems Sticta dichotoma Bory Province/Locality: CH Ecology: on trees Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 547. 110 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Pertusariales Myriotrema barroensis (Hale) Hale a new species from Panama Pertusaria sp. Ecology: corticolous Ecology: on stems Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Hale 1978: 14, as Ocellularia Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 545. barroensis Hale. subclass: incertae sedis Myriotrema calvescens (Fée) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ostropales Province/Locality: BCI, CH, PA Reference: Hale 1978: 15, as Ocellularia Chroodiscus alborosellus (Nyl.) Kalb calvescens (Fée) Müll. Arg. Ecology: corticolous

Province/Locality: CC, VR Myriotrema concretum (Fée) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 12, as Ocellularia Ecology: corticolous alborosella (Nyl.) R. Sant. Province/Locality: CC, CH

Reference: Hale 1978: 41, as Thelotrema Chroodiscus australiensis Vezda & concretum Fée. Lumbsch Ecology: epiphyllous Myriotrema congestum (Hale) Hale Province/Locality: COI a new species from Panama Reference: Etayo 1997: 210. Ecology: corticolous

Province/Locality: CC, PA Chroodiscus coccineus (Leight.) Müll. Reference: Hale 1978: 17, as Ocellularia Arg. congesta Hale. Ecology: epiphyllous

Province/Locality: COI Myriotrema dactyliferum (Hale) Hale Reference: Etayo 1997: 210. a new species from Panama

Ecology: corticolous Chroodiscus neotropicus Kalb & Province/Locality: CN Vezda Reference: Hale 1978: 19, as Ocellularia Ecology: epiphyllous dactylifera Hale. Province/Locality: COI

Reference: Etayo 1997: 210. Myriotrema deceptum (Hale) Hale

Ecology: corticolous Leptotrema lepadodes (Tuck.) Zahlbr. Province/Locality: CN Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 50, as Leptotrema Province/Locality: BCI, VR deceptum Hale. Reference: Hale 1978: 52.

Myriotrema glaucophaenum (Kremp.) Myriotrema bahianum (Ach.) Hale Hale Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, VR Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC Reference: Hale 1978: 50, as Leptotrema Reference: Hale 1978: 21, as Ocellularia bahianum (Ach.) Müll. Arg. glaucophaena (Kremp.) Zahlbr. 111 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Myriotrema glauculum (Nyl.) Hale Myriotrema myriotremoides (Nyl.) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, PA Province/Locality: PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 23, as Ocellularia Reference: Hale 1978: 25, as Ocellularia glaucula (Nyl.) Zahlbr. myriotremoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr.

Myriotrema laeviusculum (Nyl.) Hale Myriotrema norsticticum (Hale) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CC Reference: Hale 1978: 52, as Leptotrema Reference: Hale 1978: 47, as Thelotrema laeviusculum (Nyl.) Zahlbr. norsticticum Hale.

Myriotrema maximum (Hale) Hale Myriotrema olivaceum Fée a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CC, PA Province/Locality: CC Reference: Hale 1978: 26, as Ocellularia Reference: Hale 1978: 45, as Thelotrema olivacea (Fée) Müll. Arg. maximum Hale. Myriotrema pachystomum (Nyl.) Hale Myriotrema microporellum (Nyl.) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: DA Province/Locality: CC, PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 26, as Ocellularia Reference: Hale 1978: 24, as Ocellularia pachystoma (Nyl.) Hale. microporella (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Myriotrema protocetraricum (Hale) Myriotrema minutulum (Hale) Hale Hale a new species from Panama a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CN, VR Province/Locality: DA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 24, as Ocellularia Reference: Hale 1978: 28, as Ocellularia minutula Hale. protocetrarica Hale.

Myriotrema myriocarpum (Fée) Hale Myriotrema pulverulentum (Hale) Hale Ecology: corticolous a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CN Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 45, as Thelotrema Province/Locality: BCI, CA myriocarpum Fée. Reference: Hale 1978: 29, as Ocellularia pulverulenta Hale. Myriotrema myrioporoides (Müll. Arg.) Hale Myriotrema pycnoporellum (Nyl.) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CA, CN, PA, VR Province/Locality: PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 45, as Thelotrema Reference: Hale 1978: 47, as Thelotrema myrioporoides Müll. Arg. pycnoporellum Nyl.

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Myriotrema reclusum (Kremp.) Hale Myriotrema wightii (Taylor) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Hale 1978: 54, as Leptotrema Reference: Hale 1978: 55, as Leptotrema reclusum (Kremp.) Zahlbr. wightii (Taylor) Müll. Arg.

Myriotrema subwrightii (Hale) Hale Myriotrema wrightii (Tuck.) Hale a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: PA, VR Province/Locality: BCI, CN, DA, PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 49, as Thelotrema Reference: Hale 1978: 32, as Ocellularia wrightii Tuck. subwrightii Hale. Ocellularia actinota (Tuck.) Müll. Arg. Myriotrema terebratulum (Nyl.) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: DA Province/Locality: BCI, CC, CN, PA Reference: Hale 1978: 12. Reference: Hale 1978: 33, as Ocellularia terebratula (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. Ocellularia alba (Fée) Müll. Arg. Ecology: corticolous Myriotrema trypaneoides (Nyl.) Hale Province/Locality: PA Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 12. Province/Locality: BCI, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 54, as Leptotrema Ocellularia antillensis Hale trypaneoides (Nyl.) Riddle. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CC Myriotrema uniseptatum (Hale) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 14. a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia auberiana (Mont.) Hale Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 33, as Ocellularia Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CN, PA, VR uniseptata Hale. Reference: Hale 1978: 35, as Phaeotrema auberianum (Mont.) Müll. Arg. Myriotrema urceolare (Ach.) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia aurata (Tuck.) Hale Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 55, as Leptotrema Province/Locality: CC urceolare (Ach.) Müll. Arg. Reference: Hale 1978: 41, as Thelotrema auratum Tuck. Myriotrema vulcani (Hale) Hale a new species from Panama Ocellularia aurulenta Hale Ecology: corticolous a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CC, VR Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 37, as Phaeotrema Province/Locality: CN, PA vulcani Hale. Reference: Hale 1974: 490; Hale 1978: 14.

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Ocellularia bullata Hale Ocellularia crocea (Kremp.) Overeem & a new species from Panama D. Overeem Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: PA Province/Locality: CC Reference: Hale 1978: 15. Reference: Hale 1978: 17.

Ocellularia cavata (Ach.) Müll. Arg. Ocellularia cryptotrema (Nyl.) Kalb Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CH, DA, PA Province/Locality: BCI, CN Reference: Hale 1978: 15. Reference: Hale 1978: 43, as Thelotrema cryptotrema Nyl. Ocellularia chionostoma (Nyl.) Riddle Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia dactyliza Hale Province/Locality: CA, PA a new species from Panama Reference: Hale 1978: 16. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CN Ocellularia chiriquiensis (Hale) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 19. a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia decolorata Hale Province/Locality: CH a new species from Panama Reference: Hale 1978: 50, as Leptotrema Ecology: corticolous chiriquiense Hale. Province/Locality: CC Reference: Hale 1978: 19. Ocellularia comparabilis (Kremp.) Müll. Arg. Ocellularia domingensis (Fée) Müll. Ecology: corticolous Arg. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 16. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Hale 1978: 20. Ocellularia concolor Meyen & Flot. Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia erumpens (H. Magn.) Hale Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CN, PA, VR Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 17. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Hale 1978: 43, as Thelotrema Ocellularia conformis (Fée) Hale erumpens H. Magn. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: PA, VR Ocellularia exanthismocarpa (Leight.) Reference: Hale 1978: 42, as Thelotrema Zahlbr. conforme Fée. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CC Ocellularia conglomerata Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 21. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: VR Reference: Hale 1978: 17.

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Ocellularia fecunda (Vain.) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 36, as Phaeotrema Ecology: corticolous meiospermum (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. Province/Locality: DA, PA Reference: Hale 1978: 21. Ocellularia metaphorica (Nyl.) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia glyphica (Nyl.) Hale Province/Locality: CH Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 53, as Leptotrema Province/Locality: CH, PA metaphoricum (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Reference: Hale 1978: 36, as Phaeotrema glyphicum (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Ocellularia microspora (Zahlbr.) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia isidiifera Hale Province/Locality: BCI, CH a new species from Panama Reference: Hale 1978: 53, as Leptotrema Ecology: corticolous microsporum Zahlbr. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Hale 1974: 492; Hale 1978: 23. Ocellularia mordenii Hale Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia landronii Hale Province/Locality: CA, CN a new species from Panama Reference: Hale 1978: 25. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CN Ocellularia panamensis (Hale) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 23. a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia latilabra (Tuck.) Müll. Arg. Province/Locality: CC, PA, VR Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 54, as Leptotrema Province/Locality: BCI, CN, DA, PA, VR panamense Hale. Reference: Hale 1978: 24. Ocellularia papillata (Leight.) Zahlbr. Ocellularia leiostoma (Tuck.) R.C. Ecology: corticolous Harris Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CN, PA, VR Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 26. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Hale 1978: 36, as Phaeotrema Ocellularia perforata (Leight.) Müll. leiostomum Zahlbr., a synonym acc. to Index Arg. Fungorum. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CC, CH, CN, PA, VR Ocellularia leucomelaena (Nyl.) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 26. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CH Ocellularia praestans (Müll. Arg.) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 44, as Thelotrema Ecology: corticolous leucomelaenum Nyl. Province/Locality: CN, DA, PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 47, as Thelotrema Ocellularia meiosperma (Nyl.) Hale praestans Müll. Arg. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: VR 115 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Ocellularia recondita (Stirt.) Zahlbr. Reference: Hale 1974: 497, as Thelotrema Ecology: corticolous subpraestans Hale; Hale 1978: 48, as T. Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CN subpraestans. Reference: Hale 1978: 29. Ocellularia tenuis (Hale) Hale Ocellularia rhabdospora (Nyl.) Ecology: corticolous Redinger Province/Locality: CH Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 48, as Thelotrema Province/Locality: DA tenue Hale. Reference: Hale 1978: 29. Ocellularia turgidula Müll. Arg. Ocellularia rhodostroma (Mont.) Ecology: corticolous Zahlbr. Province/Locality: VR Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 33. Province/Locality: CC, CN, PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 30. Ocellularia verrucosa (Fée) Hale Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia ripleyi Hale Province/Locality: BCI, CA, PA a new species from Panama Reference: Hale 1978: 33. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CA Ocellularia viridis Hale Reference: Hale 1974: 493; Hale 1978: 30. a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia subcavata (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Province/Locality: CN, PA Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 34. Province/Locality: CC, PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 31. Ocellularia xanthostroma (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Ecology: corticolous Ocellularia subemersa Müll. Arg. Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 34. Province/Locality: CC, PA, VR Reference: Hale 1978: 31. Teloschistes flavicans (Sw.) Norman Ecology: on stems Ocellularia sublilacina (Ellis & Everh.) Province/Locality: CH Zahlbr. Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 547. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, CA, PA, VR Thelotrema adjectum Nyl. Reference: Hale 1978: 31. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI Ocellularia subpraestans (Hale) Hale Reference: Hale 1978: 39. a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Thelotrema berkleyanum (Mont.) Province/Locality: BCI, PA Brusse Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: BCI, PA 116 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Hale 1978: 14, as Ocellularia Thelotrema hypoprotocetraricum berkeleyana (Mont.) Zahlbr. (Hale) Hale a new species from Panama Thelotrema clandestinum Fée Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: DA Province/Locality: CC, CH Reference: Hale 1978: 52, as Leptotrema Reference: Hale 1978: 41. hypoprotocetraricum Hale.

Thelotrema conveniens Nyl. Thelotrema lepadinum (Ach.) Ach. Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Hale 1978: 42. Reference: Hale 1978: 44.

Thelotrema dilatatum (Müll. Arg.) Hale Thelotrema neei (Hale) Hale Ecology: corticolous a new species from Panama Province/Locality: BCI, PA Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 19, as Ocellularia Province/Locality: CA dilatata Müll. Arg. Reference: Hale 1978: 25, as Ocellularia neei Hale. Thelotrema dissutum (Hale) Hale a new species from Panama Thelotrema occlusum Nyl. Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CN, PA Province/Locality: CH Reference: Hale 1978: 20, as Ocellularia Reference: Hale 1978: 47. dissuta Hale. Thelotrema pseudoschizostomum Thelotrema esslingeri (Hale) Hale (Hale) Hale a new species from Panama a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: VR Province/Locality: PA Reference: Hale 1978: 20, as Ocellularia Reference: Hale 1978: 28, as Ocellularia esslingeri Hale. pseudoschizostoma Hale.

Thelotrema glaucopallens Nyl. Thelotrema refertum (Hale) Hale Ecology: corticolous a new species from Panama Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CN, PA Ecology: corticolous Reference: Hale 1978: 43. Province/Locality: CC Reference: Hale 1978: 29, as Ocellularia Thelotrema hiatum Hale referta Hale. a new species from Panama Ecology: corticolous Thelotrema stellatum (Hale) Hale Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Hale 1978: 44. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: VR

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Reference: Hale 1978: 54, as Leptotrema Porina lucida R. Sant. stellatum Hale. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Thelotrema stylothecium Vain. Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Ecology: corticolous Province/Locality: CH Porina nitidula Müll. Arg. Reference: Hale 1978: 48. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Trichotheliales Reference: Etayo 1997: 215.

Porina alba (R. Sant.) Lücking Porina octomera (Müll. Arg.) F. Schill. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: BCI, COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 557, as Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Phyllophiale alba R. Sant.; Etayo 1997: 214, as P. alba. Porina rubentior (Stirt.) Müll. Arg. Ecology: epiphyllous Porina atriceps (Vain.) Vain. Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 214, as Porina Porina rubescens (Lücking) Hafellner epiphylla var. atriceps Vain. & Kalb Ecology: epiphyllous Porina epiphylla Fée Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 218, as Trichothelium Province/Locality: BCI, COI rubescens Lücking. Reference: Santesson 1952: 234; Etayo 1997: 214. Porina rufula (Kremp.) Vain. Ecology: epiphyllous Porina fusca Lücking Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 214, as Phyllophiale Porina rugosa Kalb & Vezda fusca R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Porina imitatrix Müll. Arg. Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Porina tetramera (Malme) R. Sant. Reference: Etayo 1997: 214. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Porina limbulata (Kremp.) Vain. Reference: Etayo 1997: 215. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: BCI, COI Trichothelium alboatrum Vain. Reference: Santesson 1952: 252; Etayo 1997: Ecology: epiphyllous 215. Province/Locality: COI 118 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Etayo 1997: 218. order: incertae sedis

Trichothelium annulatum (P. Karst.) R. Aspidotheliaceae Sant. Aspidothelium fugiens (Müll. Arg.) R. Ecology: epiphyllous Sant. Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 218. Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 282; Etayo 1997: Trichothelium bipindense F. Schill. 208. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Aspidothelium geminiparum (Malme) Reference: Etayo 1997: 218. R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Trichothelium epiphyllum Müll. Arg. Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 208. Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 273; Etayo 1997: Musaespora kalbii Lücking & Sérus. 218. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Trichothelium minus Vain. Reference: Etayo 1997: 213. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Santesson 1952: 270; Etayo 1997: Gomphillaceae 218. Actinoplaca strigulacea Müll. Arg. Ecology: epiphyllous Trichothelium montanum Lücking Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 218. Actinoplaca vulgaris (Müll. Arg.) Vezda & Poelt Trichothelium cf. sipmanii Lücking Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 207. Reference: Etayo 1997: 218. Aderkomyces couepiae Bat. Trichothelium cf. triseptatum Vezda Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 217, as Tricharia Reference: Etayo 1997: 219. couepiae (Bat.) Lücking & Sérus.

Aulaxina dictyospora R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 208.

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Aulaxina minuta R. Sant. Reference: Etayo 1997: 211. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Echinoplaca leucotrichoides (Vain.) R. Reference: Etayo 1997: 208. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Aulaxina opegraphina Fée Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 211. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 208. Echinoplaca pellicula (Müll. Arg.) R. Sant. Aulaxina quadrangula (Stirt.) R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 211. Reference: Etayo 1997: 208. Echinoplaca tricharioides Kalb & Calenia cf. conspersa (Stirt.) R. Sant. Vezda Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 209. Reference: Etayo 1997: 211.

Calenia graphidea Vain. Echinoplaca verrucifera Lücking Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 210. Reference: Etayo 1997: 211.

Calenia phyllogena (Müll. Arg.) Vezda Gyalectidium filicinum Müll. Arg. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: BCI, COI Province/Locality: COI Ref.: Santesson 1952: 349; Etayo 1997: 210. Reference: Etayo 1997: 212.

Echinoplaca bispora Kalb & Vezda Paratricharia paradoxa (Lücking) Ecology: epiphyllous Lücking Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 211. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 214. Echinoplaca campanulata Kalb & Vezda Tricharia albostrigosa R. Sant. Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 211. Reference: Etayo 1997: 216.

Echinoplaca cf. handelii (Zahlbr.) Tricharia heterella (Stirt.) Lücking Lücking Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 217. 120 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Tricharia longispora Kalb & Vezda BASIDIOLICHENES Ecology: epiphyllous Ecology: symbiotic with algae Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 217. Agaricomycetidae

Tricharia microcarpa Etayo & Lücking a new species from Panama Agaricales Ecology: epiphyllous Multiclavula mucida (Pers.) R.H. Province/Locality: COI Peterson Reference: Etayo 1997: 217. Growth form: clavarioid Ecology: saprobic, on soil Tricharia pseudosantessonii Lücking Province/Locality: CH Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Martin 1940: 191, as Clavaria Province/Locality: COI mucida Pers.; Martin 1944: 78, as C. mucida. Reference: Etayo 1997: 217. Polyporales Tricharia santessonii D. Hawksw. Ecology: epiphyllous Dictyonema glabratum (Spreng.) D. Province/Locality: COI Hawksw. Fig. 27 Reference: Etayo 1997: 217. Ecology: on stems or twigs, on ground Province/Locality: CH Tricharia subhelminthospora Lücking Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543. Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: COI Dictyonema interruptum (Carmich. ex Reference: Etayo 1997: 217. Hook.) Parmasto Ecology: epiphyllous Tricharia urceolata (Müll. Arg.) R. Sant. Province/Locality: COI Ecology: epiphyllous Reference: Etayo 1997: 210. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Etayo 1997: 218. Dictyonema thelephora (Spreng.) Zahlbr. Tricharia vainioi R. Sant. Ecology: on lianas, twigs, or stems Ecology: epiphyllous Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: COI Reference: Büdel et al. 2000: 543, as Reference: Etayo 1997: 218. Dictyonema sericeum (Sw.) Berk., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum.

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Basidiomycota Leucocoprinus cf. brebissonii (Godey) Locq. Hymenomycetes Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: central Panama Agaricomycetidae Reference: Mueller et al. 1998: 2036.

Agaricales Leucocoprinus cf. fragilissimus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pat. Agaricaceae Growth form: agaricoid Lepiota cf. abruptibulba Murrill Ecology: saprobic Growth form: agaricoid Province/Locality: central Panama Ecology: saprobic Reference: Mueller et al. 1998: 2036. Province/Locality: central Panama Reference: Mueller et al. 1998: 2036. Leucocoprinus sp. Growth form: agaricoid Lepiota cf. phaeosticta Morgan Ecology: symbiotic with leaf-cutting ants, Growth form: agaricoid cultivated from Cyphomyrmex costatus, Ecology: saprobic Formicidae (Hymenoptera) Province/Locality: central Panama Reference: Hervey et al. 1977: 234. Reference: Mueller et al. 1998: 2036. Clavariaceae Lepiota cf. subclypeolaria (Berk. & Clavulinopsis aurantiocinnabarina M.A. Curtis) Sacc. Growth form: agaricoid (Schwein.) Corner Growth form: clavarioid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, on forest soil Province/Locality: central Panama Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Mueller et al. 1998: 2036. Reference: Martin 1940: 195, as Clavaria

aurantio-cinnabarina Schwein.; Martin 1944: Lepiota cf. zamurensis Pat. & Gaillard 78, as C. aurantio-cinnabarina; Dennis 1970: Growth form: agaricoid 95. Ecology: saprobic

Province/Locality: central Panama Reference: Mueller et al. 1998: 2036, as Leu- Cortinariaceae cocoprinus cf. zamurensis, a combination Crepidotus martinii Singer which could not be found. a new species from Panama Growth form: agaricoid Leucoagaricus bivelatus B.P. Akers & Ecology: saprobic, on woody litter or rotten Ovrebo wood a new species from Panama Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Singer 1955: 775; Singer 1973: Ecology: saprobic, on soil 409; Dennis 1970: 75. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Akers & Ovrebo 2005: 304.

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Gymnopilus robustus Guzm.-Dáv. Reference: Garner 1956: 757; Dennis 1970: Growth form: agaricoid 10. Ecology: saprobic, on adventitious roots of palms Lycogalopsis solmsii E. Fisch. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: gasteroid Reference: Guzmán-Dávalos & Ovrebo 2001: Ecology: saprobic, on woody debris including 400. dead bamboo Province/Locality: BCI, CA Simocybe panamensis Singer Reference: Martin 1939b: 72; Garner 1956: a new species from Panama 760; Dennis 1970: 9; Reid 1976/1977: 679. Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on woody frustules, fruits, Lycoperdon curtisii Berk. or leaves Growth form: gasteroid Province/Locality: VR Ecology: saprobic Reference: Singer 1989: 121. Province/Locality: CC, CH Reference: Garner 1956: 758; Dennis 1970: Entolomataceae 11.

Claudopus variabilis (Pers.) Fr. Lycoperdon molle Pers. Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic, on cloth (gray duck) Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: CH Reference: Zuck 1946: 677. Reference: Garner 1956: 758; Dennis 1970: 12. Lycoperdaceae Bovista dermoxantha (Vittad.) de Toni Lycoperdon perlatum Pers. Growth form: gasteroid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Garner 1956: 758, as Lycoperdon Reference: Garner 1956: 758; Dennis 1970: ericetorum Pers., a synonym acc. to Index 12. Fungorum. Lycoperdon spadiceum Schaeff. Calvatia candida (Rostk.) Hollós Growth form: gasteroid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Garner 1956: 758; Dennis 1970: Reference: Garner 1956: 757; Dennis 1970: 12. 10. Lycoperdon subincarnatum Peck Calvatia cyathiformis (Bosc) Morgan Growth form: gasteroid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic, on decaying wood Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI, CA Province/Locality: CA Reference: Garner 1956: 757.

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Morganella fuliginea (Berk. & M.A. Ecology: saprobic, on dead palm fronds Curtis) Kreisel & Dring Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: gasteroid Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: Ecology: saprobic 391; Standley 1933: 20; all as Laschia Reference: Dennis 1970: 11. auriscalpium Mont.

Morganella mexicana Zeller Favolaschia dealbata Singer Growth form: gasteroid a new species from Panama Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: CA, CC, PA Ecology: saprobic, on bamboo Reference: Garner 1956: 760. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Singer 1955: 763; Dennis 1970: 45.

Armillaria tabescens (Scop.) Emel Favolaschia pezizoidea (Berk. & M.A. Growth form: agaricoid Curtis) Pat. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Citrus sp., Growth form: poroid Rutaceae Ecology: saprobic Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 133, as Province/Locality: BCI Clitocybe tabescens (Scop.) Bres. Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: 391; Standley 1933: 20; all as Laschia Chaetocalathus eurysporus Singer pezizoidea Berk. & M.A. Curtis. a new species from Panama Growth form: agaricoid Lentinula boryana (Berk. & Mont.) Ecology: saprobic, on bark of dead branch Pegler Province/Locality: PA Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Singer 1989: 67. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Chaetocalathus columellifer (Berk.) Reference: Mata et al. 2001: 1103. Singer Growth form: agaricoid Marasmiellus dealbatus (Berk. & M.A. Ecology: saprobic, on bark or palm leaves Curtis) Singer Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Singer 1976: 53; Dennis 1970: 38. Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaves, culms, or roots of Poaceae Dactylosporina steffenii (Rick) Dörfelt Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Singer 1973: 34. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: KY Marasmiellus devenulatus Singer Reference: Halling & Mueller 1999: 108, as Growth form: agaricoid Xerula steffenii (Rick) Boekhout & Bas. Ecology: saprobic, on dicotyledonous branches Favolaschia auriscalpium (Mont.) Province/Locality: BCI Henn. genus: Fig. 28 Reference: Singer 1973: 292. Growth form: poroid 124 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Marasmiellus eburneus (Theiss.) Marasmius cladophyllus Berk. Fig. 29 Singer Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on debris Ecology: saprobic, on fallen leaves, culms, or Province/Locality: BCI, CA twigs Reference: Singer 1958: 103; Singer 1964: Province/Locality: VR 320; Singer 1976: 197; Dennis 1970: 36. Reference: Singer 1973: 109. Marasmius euosmus Singer Marasmiellus echinocephalus Singer a new species from Panama a new species from Panama Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on logs Ecology: saprobic, on palm petioles Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Singer 1958: 69; Singer 1964: 137; Reference: Singer 1955: 773; Singer 1973: 79; Singer 1976: 88. Dennis 1970: 31. Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Marasmiellus juniperinus Murrill var. Fr. var. pseudotageticolor Singer juniperinus a new variety from Panama Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on woody sticks Ecology: saprobic, on fallen dicot leaves Reference: Singer 1973: 268. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Singer 1958: 120; Singer 1964: Marasmiellus oblongisporus Singer 298; Dennis 1970: 37. Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on dicotyledonous Marasmius panamensis Singer branches a new species from Panama Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Singer 1973: 254. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI Marasmiellus panamensis Singer Reference: Singer 1976: 96. a new species from Panama Growth form: agaricoid Marasmius polycladoides Singer Ecology: saprobic, on dicotyledonous a new species from Panama branches Growth form: agaricoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on fern leaves Reference: Singer 1973: 251, 329. Province/Locality: KY Reference: Singer 1989: 52. Marasmius beniensis Singer Growth form: agaricoid Marasmius pseudominutus Singer Ecology: saprobic, on small sticks a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CA Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Singer 1976: 184. Ecology: saprobic, on leaves of Cecropia sp., Cecropiaceae Province/Locality: PA Reference: Singer 1989: 56. 125 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Marasmius rotuloides Dennis Nidulariaceae Growth form: agaricoid Cyathus poeppigii Tul. & C. Tul. Ecology: saprobic, on debris Growth form: gasteroid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on soil or rotten wood Reference: Singer 1958: 126; Singer 1964: Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC, CH 152; Dennis 1970: 35. Reference: Garner 1956: 763; Dennis 1970: 3.

Marasmius sessiliaffinis Singer Cyathus stercoreus (Schwein.) De Toni a new species from Panama Growth form: gasteroid Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on dung or manured soil Ecology: saprobic, on stems, twigs, or Province/Locality: CA branches Reference: Garner 1956: 763; Dennis 1970: 4. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Singer 1958: 81; Singer 1964: 210, Mycocalia reticulata (Petch) J.T. as Marasmius spaniophyllus Berk. var. Palmer sessiliaffinis (Singer) Singer; Dennis 1970: 35, Growth form: gasteroid as M. spaniophyllus var. sessiliaffinis; Singer Ecology: saprobic, on decaying stem of Musa 1976: 257. sp., Musaceae Reference: Dennis 1970: 3, as Nidularia Marasmius setulosifolius Singer reticulata Petch. Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on dicot leaves on the ground Pleurotaceae Province/Locality: CA Hohenbuehelia nigra (Schwein.) Singer Reference: Singer 1958: 110; Singer 1964: var. microspora Singer 312; Singer 1976: 204. a new variety from Panama Growth form: agaricoid Physalacria aggregata G.W. Martin & Ecology: saprobic, on dead twig or trunk A.C. Baker Province/Locality: CA a new species from Panama Reference: Singer 1955: 769; Dennis 1970: Growth form: globose stipitate 48. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CH Pluteaceae Reference: Baker 1941: 280; Singer 1976: 309. Pluteus glutinosus Singer a new species from Panama Growth form: agaricoid Rhodocollybia lignitilis J.L. Mata & Ecology: saprobic, on dead trunk Halling in Mata et al. Province/Locality: PA a new species from Panama Reference: Singer 1989: 94. Growth form: agaricoid

Ecology: saprobic, on wood

Province/Locality: CH

Reference: Mata et al. 2004: 342.

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Schizophyllaceae Calyptella pulcherrima W.B. Cooke Henningsomyces candidus (Pers.) a new species from Panama Kuntze Growth form: cyphelloid Growth form: cyphelloid Ecology: saprobic, on old palm sheaths Ecology: saprobic, on rotting coniferous or Province/Locality: BCI hardwood wood or on bark Reference: Cooke 1961: 42. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Cooke 1961: 19, as Solenia Cellypha panamensis W.B. Cooke candida Pers. a new species from Panama Growth form: cyphelloid Schizophyllum commune Fr. Fig. 30 Ecology: saprobic, on dead palm sheaths Growth form: agaricoid Province/Locality: CA Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Reference: Cooke 1961: 56. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: Filoboletus gracilis (Klotzsch ex Berk.) 20; Dennis 1970: 48. Singer Growth form: boletoid Ecology: saprobic, on logs or stumps Strophariaceae Province/Locality: BCI Psilocybe caerulescens Murr. var. Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polyporus caerulescens gracilis Klotzsch; Standley 1933: 20, as P. Growth form: agaricoid gracilis; Dennis 1970: 45. Ecology: saprobic, on soil Province/Locality: VR Filoboletus propullulans Lib.-Barnes Reference: Guzmán 1983: 110. Growth form: boletoid Ecology: saprobic, on fallen Tachigalia Psilocybe dumontii Sing. ex Guzmán versicolor logs, branches, Fabaceae Growth form: agaricoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on rotten wood Reference: Libonati-Barnes 1979: 233. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Guzmán 1983: 119. Hydropus brunneobasis Singer Growth form: agaricoid Tricholomataceae Ecology: saprobic, on stems or branches Province/Locality: VR Calyptella campanula (Nees) W.B. Reference: Singer 1982: 76. Cooke

Growth form: cyphelloid Hydropus chiriquiensis Singer Ecology: saprobic, on stems a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CH Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Cash 1937: 215, as Belonioscypha Ecology: saprobic, on rotten log of Quercus campanula (Nees) Rehm. (?)

Province/Locality: CH

Reference: Singer 1982: 68.

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Hydropus panamensis (Singer) Singer Panellus pusillus (Pers. ex Lév.) Burds. a new species from Panama & O.K. Mill. Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: COI Reference: Singer 1955: 772, as Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. Pseudohiatula panamensis Singer; Singer 1982: 120. Pleurocollybia apoda Singer a new species from Panama Hygrocybe batistae Singer Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic, on very decayed wood Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Singer 1955: 769; Singer 1970: 54; Reference: Ovrebo & Lodge 2004: 30. Dennis 1970: 29.

Hygrocybe hypohaemacta (Corner) Typhulaceae Pegler Growth form: agaricoid Typhula elegans (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Ecology: saprobic Corner Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: clavarioid Reference: Ovrebo & Lodge 2004: 30. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI, CC, CH Hygrocybe chloochlora Pegler & Fiard Reference: Brasfield 1938: 155, as Guepinia Growth form: agaricoid elegans Berk. & M.A. Curtis; Lowy 1971: Ecology: saprobic 126, as elegans (Berk. & M.A. Province/Locality: BCI Curtis) G.W. Martin. Reference: Ovrebo & Lodge 2004: 30. Boletales Hygrocybe cf. earlei (Murrill) Pegler Growth form: agaricoid Hygrophoropsidaceae Ecology: saprobic Hygrophoropsis panamensis Singer Province/Locality: BCI a new species from Panama Reference: Ovrebo & Lodge 2004: 30. Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: ectomycorrhizal, on logs Mycena citricolor (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Province/Locality: CH Sacc. Reference: Singer et al. 1983: 28. Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Coffea arabica, Sclerodermataceae Rubiaceae Caloderma petrianum Fischer Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202. Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CA, CN Reference: Garner 1956: 762; Dennis 1970: 13.

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Scleroderma cepa Pers. Hymenochaetales Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic Aurificaria luteoumbrina (Romell) D.A. Province/Locality: CH Reid Reference: Garner 1956: 762; Dennis 1970: Growth form: poroid 13. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Scleroderma echinatum (Petri) Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Guzmán Growth form: gasteroid Cyclomyces iodinus (Mont.) Pat. Ecology: saprobic, on soil genus: Fig. 31 Province/Locality: BCI, KY Growth form: with circular lamellae Reference: Guzmán 1970: 308; Guzmán & Ecology: saprobic Obrebo 2000: 176. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Scleroderma sinnamariense Mont. Growth form: gasteroid Hymenochaete damaecornis (Link) Ecology: saprobic, on soil Lév. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: poroid Reference: Martin 1954: 528, as Scleroderma Ecology: saprobic, on debris in forests chrysastrum G.W. Martin, a synonym acc. to Province/Locality: BCI Guzmán 1970: 304; Garner 1956: 762, as S. Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: chrysastrum; Dennis 1970: 13, as S. 20; Dennis 1970: 86. chrysastrum; Guzmán 1970: 304; Guzmán & Obrebo 2000: 174. Hymenochaete digitata (Rogers) Burt a new species from Panama Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.) Pers. Growth form: poroid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic, on bark or wood Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1944: 72, as Pellicularia Reference: Guzmán 1970: 276. digitata Rogers in Martin; Dennis 1970: 87.

Veligaster nitidum (Berk.) Guzmán & Hyphodontia latitans (Bourdot & Tapia Galzin) Ginns & M.N.L. Lefebvre Growth form: gasteroid Growth form: corticioid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI, CH Province/Locality: COI Reference: Garner 1956: 761, cited Reference: Núñez 1997: 186, as erroneously as Scleroderma verrucosum Pers., Chaetoporellus latitans (Bourdot & Galzin) comp. Guzmán & Obrebo 2000: 178; Dennis Bondartsev & Singer. 1970: 13, as S. verrucosum; Guzmán & Obrebo 2000: 178. Inonotus corrosus Murrill Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: COI

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Reference: Núñez 1997: 185, as Phylloporia Phellinus calcitratus (Berk. & M.A. chrysita (Berk.) Ryvarden, a synonym acc. to Curtis) Ryvarden Index Fungorum. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Inonotus venezuelicus Ryvarden Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: COI Phellinus callimorphus (Lév.) Ryvarden Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Oxyporus latemarginatus (Dur. & Laguncularia racemosa, Combretaceae Mont.) Donk Province/Locality: CA Growth form: poroid Reference: Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Phellinus cavicola Kotl. & Pouzar Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Oxyporus pellicula (Jungh.) Ryvarden Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 185, as Phellinus Ecology: saprobic umbrinellus (Bres.) sensu Ryvarden & Province/Locality: COI Gilberton, acc. to Index Fungorum. Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Phellinus cinchonensis (Murrill) Phellinus adhaerens J.E. Wright & Ryvarden Blumenf. Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic/ plant parasitic, on wood Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Reference: Dennis 1970: 115, as Fomes Laguncularia racemosa, Combretaceae cinchonensis (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399. Phellinus crocatus (Fr.) Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Phellinus cf. allardii (Bres.) Ryvarden Ecology: saprobic, on wood Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polystictus Province/Locality: COI crocatus (Fr.) Fr.; Standley 1933: 20, as P. Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. crocatus.

Phellinus apiahynus (Speg.) Rajchenb. Phellinus fastuosus (Lév.) Ryvarden & J.E. Wright Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Dennis 1970: 114, as Fomes Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. fastuosus (Lév.) Cooke.

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Phellinus gilvus (Schwein.) Pat. Phellinus punctatiformis (Murrill) Growth form: poroid Ryvarden Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Growth form: poroid Laguncularia racemosa, Combretaceae Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA, COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polyporus Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. licnoides Mont., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Standley 1933: 20, as P. licnoides; Phellinus cf. punctatus (Fr.) Pilát Dennis 1970: 111, as P. licnoides; Núñez Growth form: poroid 1997: 185; Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: COI Phellinus inermis (Ellis & Everh.) G. Reference: Núñez 1997: 185, as Phellinus Cunn. maxonii (Murrill) D.A. Reid, a synonym acc. Growth form: poroid to Index Fungorum. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: COI Phellinus rhabarbarinus (Berk.) G. Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Cunn. Growth form: poroid Phellinus linteus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Ecology: saprobic, on wood Teng Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Ecology: saprobic, on dead hardwood Province/Locality: BCI Phellinus robustus (P. Karst.) Bourdot Reference: Dennis 1970: 114, as Fomes & Galzin linteus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Cooke. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Phellinus melleoporus (Murrill) Province/Locality: COI Ryvarden Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Phellinus sancti-georgii (Pat.) Province/Locality: COI Ryvarden Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Phellinus membranaceus J.E. Wright & Province/Locality: COI Blummenf. Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Phellinus senex (Nees & Mont.) Province/Locality: COI Imazeki Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Phellinus pectinatus (Klotzsch) Quél. Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on wood Reference: Dennis 1970: 114, as Fomes pectinatus (Klotzsch) Gillet. 131 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Phellinus sp. Schizopora flavipora (Berk. & M.A. Growth form: poroid Curtis ex Cooke) Ryvarden Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Growth form: poroid Rhizophora mangle, Rhizophoraceae Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: COI Reference: Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399. Reference: Núñez 1997: 184.

Phellinus swieteniae (Murrill) S. Stipitochaete damicornis (Link) Herrera & Bondartseva Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Ecology: saprobic Avicennia germinans, Avicenniaceae Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Reference: Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399. Phallales Phylloporia fruticum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Ryvarden Geastraceae Growth form: poroid Geaster mirabilis Mont. Ecology: saprobic Growth form: gasteroid Province/Locality: COI Ecology: saprobic, on decaying stump Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Weston 1933: 392; Standley 1933: Phylloporia spathulata (Hook.) 21. This species probably corresponds to a Ryvarden species of Geastrum. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on soil Geastrum rufescens Pers. Province/Locality: COI Growth form: gasteroid Reference: Dennis 1970: 108, as Polystictus Ecology: saprobic spathulatus (Hook.) Berk.; Núñez 1997: 186. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Garner 1956: 761; Dennis 1970: 9. Polystictus arenicolor (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Cooke Geastrum saccatum Fr. Fig. 32 Growth form: poroid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: Reference: Garner 1956: 761. 20. Geastrum schweinitzii (Berk. & M.A. Polystictus steinheilianus Berk. & Lév. Curtis) Zeller Growth form: poroid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: Reference: Garner 1956: 761; Dennis 1970: 9. 20.

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Geastrum triplex Jungh. Staheliomyces cinctus E. Fisch. Growth form: gasteroid Growth form: gasteroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, on soil Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Garner 1956: 761. Reference: Stevens 1930: 286; Dennis 1970: 5. Geastrum velutinum Morgan Growth form: gasteroid Ramariaceae Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Ramaria cyanocephala (Berk. & M.A. Reference: Garner 1956: 760; Dennis 1970: 9. Curtis) Corner Growth form: clavarioid Ecology: saprobic, on forest soil Gomphaceae Reference: Dennis 1970: 93. Beenakia informis (Rick) Maas Geest. Growth form: hydnoid Polyporales Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr. Growth form: corticioid Beenakia subglobospora Núñez & Ecology: plant parasitic, on Carica papaya, Ryvarden Caricaceae; on Ipomoea batatas, Convolvu- Growth form: hydnoid laceae; on Citrullus vulgaris, Cucumis melo, Ecology: saprobic C. sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Sechium edule, Province/Locality: COI Cucurbitaceae; on Arachis hypogaea, Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Phaseolus vulgaris, Stylosanthes capitata, Fabaceae; on Gossypium hirsutum, Malva- Phallaceae ceae; on Musa sp., Musaceae; on Oryza sativa, Clathrus sp. Saccharum officinarum, Zea mays, Poaceae; Growth form: gasteroid on Citrus sp., Rutaceae; on Capsicum Ecology: saprobic annuum, C. frutescens, Lycopersicon Province/Locality: BCI esculentum, Nicotiana tabacum, Solanum Reference: Weston 1933: 387. melongena, S. tuberosum, Solanaceae Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, 1203, as Phallus duplicatus Bosc Fig. 33 Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., a synonym acc. to Growth form: gasteroid Index Fungorum; McGuire & Crandall 1967: Ecology: saprobic, under rotten wood trash of 119, 121, 124, 126, 128, 129, 130, 135, 137, old log 139, 142, 144, 147, as S. rolfsii or S. sp; Lenné Province/Locality: BCI 1990: 136, as Corticium rolfsii Curzi. Reference: Weston 1933: 395, as Dictyophora duplicata (Bosc) Ed. Fischer; Standley 1933: Athelopsis galzinii (Bres.) Hjortstam 21, D. duplicata. Growth form: corticioid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: CH

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Reference: Martin 1942: 158, as Sebacina Reference: Martin 1942: 162; Dennis 1970: galzinii Bres.; Wells 1959: 546, as Bourdotia 98. galzinii (Bres.) Trotter; Dennis 1970: 125, as B. galzinii; Lowy 1971: 57, as B. galzinii. Fomitopsidaceae

Fomitopsis dochmia (Berk. & Broome) Boreostereaceae Ryvarden Mycobonia flava (Sw.) Fr. Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on logs Province/Locality: BCI, COI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Fomes ferreus Reference: Martin 1939a: 247; Dennis 1970: Berk. ex Cooke, a synonym acc. to Index 101. Fungorum; Standley 1933: 19, as F. ferreus; Dennis 1970: 115, as Fomes dochmius (Berk. Corticiaceae & Broome) Cooke; Núñez 1997: 186.

Corticium koleroga (Cooke) Höhn. Fomitopsis feei (Fr.) Kreisel Growth form: corticioid Growth form: poroid Ecology: plant parasitic, on Theobroma cacao, Ecology: saprobic, on wood Malvaceae; on Coffea arabica, Rubiaceae Province/Locality: COI Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202, as Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Pellicularia koleroga Cooke; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 149, as P. koleroga. Fomitopsis supina (Sw.) Murrill Growth form: poroid Corticium salmonicolor Berk. & Ecology: saprobic, on wood Broome Province/Locality: COI Growth form: corticioid Reference: Núñez 1997: 186, as Fomitella Ecology: plant parasitic, on Theobroma cacao, supina (Sw.) Murrill. Malvaceae; on Coffea arabica, Rubiaceae; on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Wolfiporia “spec. nov.” Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Growth form: poroid & Crandall 1967: 134, 145, 148. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Cytidia habgallae (Berk. & Broome) Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. G.W. Martin Growth form: corticioid Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Ganodermataceae Province/Locality: CH Amauroderma camerarium (Berk.) J.S. Reference: Martin 1942: 160; Dennis 1970: Furtado genus: Fig. 34 98. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Cytidia pezizoides (Pat.) Pat. Province/Locality: COI Growth form: corticioid Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI

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Amauroderma exile (Berk.) Torrend Ganoderma chalceum (Cooke) Steyaert Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Reference: Núñez 1997: 185.

Amauroderma praetervisum (Pat.) Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. Torrend s.l. Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Reference: Núñez 1997: 185.

Amauroderma rugosum (Blume & T. Haddowia neurospora (J.S. Furtado) Nees) Torrend Teixeira Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Standley 1933: 21, as Polyporus Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. rugosus Blume & T. Nees. Grammotheleaceae Amauroderma schomburgkii (Mont. & Berk.) Torrend Porogramme albocincta (Cooke & Growth form: poroid Massee) J. Lowe Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: BCI, COI Ecology: saprobic Reference: Standley 1933: 21, probably as Province/Locality: COI Amauroderma sp.; Dennis 1970: 117, as Reference: Núñez 1997: 184. Amauroderma ocellatum (Berk.) Lloyd ex Wakef., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Hapalopilaceae Núñez 1997: 185. Ceriporia alachuana (Murrill) Hallenb. Growth form: poroid Ganoderma adspersum (Schulzer) Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Donk Avicennia germinans, Avicenniaceae Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: PA Ecology: saprobic Reference: Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 185, as Ganoderma Ceriporia ferruginicincta (Murrill) australe (Fr.) Pat., a synonym acc. to Index Ryvarden Fungorum. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic Reference: Dennis 1970: 116. 135 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Ceriporia viridans (Berk. & Broome) Rigidoporus lineatus (Pers.) Ryvarden Donk Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Ceriporiopsis aneirina (Sommerf.) Overeem Domanski Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Province/Locality: BCI, COI Rhizophora mangle, Rhizophoraceae Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Fomes Province/Locality: PA auberianus (Mont.) Murrill and as Polyporus Reference: Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399. lignosus Klotsch, both synonyms acc. to Index Fungorum; Standley 1933: 19, 20, as F. Ceriporiopsis mucida (Pers.) Gilb. & auberianus and P. lignosus; Dennis 1970: Ryvarden 110, 115, as F. auberianus and P. lignosus; Growth form: poroid Núñez 1997: 187. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Rigidoporus vinctus (Berk.) Ryvarden Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Meripilaceae Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Poria vincta Antrodia cf. crassa (P. Karst.) (Berk.) Cooke; Standley 1933: 20, as P. Ryvarden vincta; Dennis 1970: 119, as P. vincta; Núñez Growth form: poroid 1997: 187. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Gloeoporus thelephoroides (Hook.) G. Hydnopolyporus cf. fimbriatus (Fr.) Cunn. D.A. Reid Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on logs Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI, COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Gloeporus Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. conchoides Mont., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Standley 1933: 20, as G. Rigidoporus crocatus (Pat.) Ryvarden conchoides; Dennis 1970: 110, as Polyporus Growth form: poroid conchoides (Mont.) Lloyd; Núñez 1997: 184. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Phanerochaetaceae Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Lopharia papyrina (Mont.) Boidin Growth form: stereoid

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Ecology: saprobic decolorans (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Lloyd, Province/Locality: BCI, COI synonyms acc. to Reid 1965: 59; Welden Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Stereum 1954b: 426, as S. aurantiacum; Welden 1958: papyrinum Mont.; Standley 1933: 20, as S. 40; Reid 1965: 59. papyrinum; Dennis 1970: 101, as S. papyrinum; Núñez 1997: 188, as Porostereum Cymatoderma caperatum (Berk. & papyrinum (Mont.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden. Mont.) D.A. Reid Growth form: stereoid stipitae Phanerochaete flava (Burt) Nakasone, Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Burds. & Lodge Reference: Welden 1960: 865; Reid 1965: Growth form: corticioid 103. Ecology: saprobic, on decorticated wood Province/Locality: CH Cymatoderma dendriticum (Pers.) D.A. Reference: Nakasone et al. 1998: 133. Reid Growth form: stereoid stipitae Podoscyphaceae Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Reference: Welden 1960: 868; Reid 1965: Aquascypha hydrophora (Berk.) D.A. 109. Reid Growth form: stereoid stipitae Cymatoderma sclerotioides (Lloyd) Ecology: saprobic, on stumps or logs D.A. Reid Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: stereoid stipitae Reference: Martin 1944: 77, as Stereum Ecology: saprobic, on soil, but probably on hydrophorum Berk.; Reid 1965: 52; Dennis buried wood 1970: 89. Reference: Welden 1960: 871.

Caripia montagnei (Berk.) Kuntze Cyphellostereum pusiolum (Berk. & Fig. 35 M.A. Curtis) Reid Growth form: stereoid stipitae Growth form: stereoid stipitae Ecology: saprobic, on sticks or dead wood Ecology: saprobic, on soil above the ground Province/Locality: BCI, CH Province/Locality: BCI, CA, COI Reference: Martin 1944: 76, as Stereum Reference: Weston 1933: 391; Standley 1933: cyphelloides Berk. & M.A. Curtis, a synonym 21; Martin 1938a: 438; Martin 1948: 113; all acc. to Reid 1965: 342; Welden 1954b: 431, as Hypolyssus montagnei Berk. Dennis 1970: as Stereum pusiolum Berk. & M.A. Curtis. 94; Núñez 1997: 184. Podoscypha elegans (G. Mey.) Pat. Cotylidia aurantiaca (Pers.) A.L. Growth form: stereoid stipitae Welden Ecology: saprobic Growth form: stereoid stipitae Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on woody substrates, also Reference: Welden 1954b: 437, as Stereum terrestrial elegans (G. Mey.) Fr.; Reid 1965: 283. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1933: 21, as Stereum aurantiacum (Pers.) Lloyd and as Stereum 137 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Podoscypha fulvonitens (Berk.) D.A. Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Stereum Reid flabellatum Pat., a synonym acc. to Reid 1965: Growth form: stereoid stipitae 260; Standley 1933: 20, as S. flabellatum; Ecology: saprobic, on fallen branches, dead Martin 1939a: 246, as S. flabellatum; Reid wood 1965: 260; Dennis 1970: 90; Núñez 1997: Province/Locality: BCI 188. Reference: Reid 1965: 176; Dennis 1970: 90. Stereopsis hiscens (Berk. & Ravenel) Podoscypha glabrescens (Berk. & M.A. D.A. Reid Curtis) Boidin Growth form: stereoid stipitae Growth form: stereoid stipitae Ecology: saprobic, probably arising from Ecology: saprobic, on wood buried wood or roots Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Stereum Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Thelephora glabrescens Berk.; Standley 1933: 20, as S. pusiola Pat., a synonym acc. to Reid 1965: glabrescens; Reid 1965: 180; Dennis 1970: 299; Standley 1933: 20, as T. pusiola; Reid 90. 1965: 298.

Podoscypha nitidula (Berk.) Pat. var. Stereopsis radicans (Berk.) D.A. Reid nitidula Growth form: stereoid stipitae Growth form: stereoid stipitae Ecology: saprobic, on the ground arising from Ecology: saprobic dead wood or roots or on wood Province/Locality: BCI, CA Province/Locality: BCI, PA Reference: Martin 1944: 74, as Stereum Reference: Martin 1944: 77, as Stereum surinamense Lév., a synonym acc. to Reid radicans (Berk.) Burt.; Welden 1954b: 432, as 1965: 211; Welden 1954b: 435, as S. S. radicans; Reid 1965: 314. surinamense. Podoscypha ravenelii (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pat. brunneoleuca (Berk.) Growth form: stereoid stipitae Ryvarden Ecology: saprobic, on soil Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: saprobic Reference: Martin 1944: 74, as Stereum Province/Locality: COI ravenelii Berk. & M.A. Curtis; Welden 1954b: Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. 436, as S. ravenelii; Reid 1965: 243; Dennis 1980: 90. Coriolopsis byrsina (Mont.) Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Podoscypha venustula (Speg.) D.A. Ecology: saprobic Reid subsp. venustula Province/Locality: COI Growth form: stereoid stipitae Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Ecology: saprobic, on fallen branches, dead wood Coriolopsis caperata (Berk.) Murrill Province/Locality: BCI, COI Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on Combretaceae

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Province/Locality: BCI, COI, PA Dichomitus leucoplacus (Berk.) Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Ryvarden caperatus Berk.; Standley 1933: 20, as T. Growth form: poroid caperatus; Dennis 1970: 111, as Polyporus Ecology: saprobic caperatus Berk.; Núñez 1997: 186; Gilbert & Reference: Dennis 1970: 119, as Poria Sousa 2002: 399, as Datronia caperata leucoplaca (Berk.) Sacc. (Berk.) Ryvarden. Earliella scabrosa (Pers.) Gilb. & (Jungh.) Ryvarden Fig. 36 Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on logs or stumps Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI, COI Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Dennis 1970: 109, as Trametes Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Trametes corrugata (Pers.) Bres., a synonym acc. to rigida Berk. & Mont., a synonym acc. to Index Index Fungorum; Núñez 1997: 186. Fungorum; Standley 1933: 20, as T. rigida; Dennis 1970: 111, as T. rigida; Núñez 1997: Favolus tenuiculus P. Beauv. 186, as Coriolopsis rigida (Berk. & Mont.) Growth form: poroid Murrill. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Coriolopsis occidentalis (Klotzsch) Reference: Núñez 1997: 187, as Polyporus Murrill tenuiculus (P. Beauv.) Fr. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Fomes extensus (Lév.) Cooke Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: poroid Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polystictus Ecology: saprobic, on wood occidentalis (Klotzsch) Fr.; Standley 1933: 20, Province/Locality: COI as P. occidentalis; Dennis 1970: 112, as Reference: Núñez 1997: 185, as Phellinus Polyporus occidentalis Klotzsch. troyanus (Murrill) Bondartseva & S. Herrera, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Coriolopsis polyzona (Pers.) Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Fomes fasciatus (Sw.) Cooke Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: COI Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on wood Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Reference: Dennis 1970: 114, as Fomes sclerodermeus (Lév.) Cooke, a synonym acc. Coriolopsis cf. strumosa (Fr.) to Index Fungorum. Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Fomes marmoratus (Berk. & M.A. Ecology: saprobic Curtis) Cooke Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Ecology: saprobic, on dead hardwood Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: 19. 139 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Fomes portoricensis Overh. P. versatilis; Dennis 1970: 109, as Trametes Growth form: poroid versatilis Berk. Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on wood Reference: Dennis 1970: 114. Lentinus crinitus (L.: Fr.) Fr. Fig. 38 Growth form: agaricoid Fomes pseudosenex (Murrill) Sacc. & Ecology: saprobic, on wood Trotter Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 186. Based on Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on wood molecular data, this species is called Reference: Dennis 1970: 114. Polyporus phyllostipes D. Krüger in Krüger & Gargas 2004: 542. Hexagonia hydnoides (Sw.) M. Fidalgo Growth form: poroid Lentinus cf. nigro-osseus Pilát Ecology: saprobic, on posts, stumps, or logs Growth form: agaricoid Province/Locality: BCI, COI Ecology: saprobic Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Trametes Province/Locality: COI hydnoides (Sw.) Fr.; Standley 1933: 20, as T. Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. hydnoides; Dennis 1970: 110, as Polyporus hydnoides Sw.; Núñez 1997: 186. Lentinus strigellus Berk. Growth form: agaricoid Hexagonia tenuis J.M. Hook Fig. 37 Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: Province/Locality: BCI, COI 20. Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: 391; Standley 1933: 20; Dennis 1970: 118; Lentinus swartzii Berk. Núñez 1997: 186. Growth form: agaricoid Ecology: saprobic Hexagonia variegata Berk. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: poroid Reference: Standley 1933: 21, as Lentinus Ecology: saprobic, on wood nicaraguensis Berk. & M.A. Curtis, a Province/Locality: BCI synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: 391; Standley 1933: 20; Dennis 1970: 118; Lentinus velutinus Fr. Núñez 1997: 184, as Hexagonia papyracea Growth form: agaricoid Berk., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Ecology: saprobic, on wood buried in the soil Province/Locality: BCI Hirschioporus versatilis (Berk.) Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: Imazeki 403, 407; Standley 1933: 20; Dennis 1970: 46. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood (Spreng.) Pat. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: poroid Reference: Standley 1927: 7, as Polystictus Ecology: saprobic versatilis (Berk.) Cooke; Standley 1933: 20, as Province/Locality: BCI

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Reference: Núñez 1997: 184, as Trametes Nigroporus durus (Jungh.) Murrill elegans (Spreng.) Fr. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Lenzites repanda (Mont.) Fr. Province/Locality: COI Growth form: agaricoid poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 187, as Trichaptum Ecology: saprobic durum (Jungh.) Corner. Reference: Dennis 1970: 120. Nigroporus vinosus (Berk.) Murrill Loweporus roseoalbus (Jungh.) Growth form: poroid Ryvarden Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: COI Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Reference: Dennis 1970: 115, as Fomes subflexibilis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Cooke, a Pachykytospora alabamae (Berk. & synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Cooke) Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Loweporus tephroporus (Mont.) Ecology: saprobic Ryvarden Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Perenniporia detritus (Berk.) Ryvarden Reference: Núñez 1997: 184, as Perenniporia Growth form: poroid tephropora (Mont.) Ryvarden. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Megasporoporia cavernulosa (Berk.) Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Perenniporia stipitata Ryvarden Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: COI Ecology: saprobic Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Microporellus obovatus (Jungh.) Ryvarden Polyporus dictyopus Mont. Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polyporus infernalis Berk., a synonym acc. to Index Nigrofomes melanoporus (Mont.) Fungorum; Standley 1933: 20, as P. infernalis; Murrill Núñez 1997: 187. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Polyporus grammocephalus Berk. Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Dennis 1970: 114, as Fomes Ecology: saprobic, on wood melanoporus (Mont.) Sacc.; Núñez 1997: 187. Province/Locality: BCI 141 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Reference: Núñez 1997: 184. Poria lindbladii (Berk.) Cooke Growth form: poroid Polyporus guianensis Mont. Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: COI Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Núñez 1997: 186, as Province/Locality: COI Diplomitoporus lindbladii (Berk.) Gilb. & Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Ryvarden.

Polyporus leprieurii Mont. Poria phlebiaeformis Berk. ex Cooke Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Dennis 1970: 119. Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polyporus subelegans Murrill, a synonym acc. to Index Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.) Murrill Fungorum; Standley 1933: 20, as P. Fig. 39 subelegans; Núñez 1997: 187. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Polyporus rugulosus Lév. Province/Locality: BCI, COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polystictus Ecology: saprobic, on wood sanguineus (L.) Fr.; Standley 1933: 20, as P. Province/Locality: COI sanguineus; Núñez 1997: 187. Reference: Núñez 1997: 186, as Coriolopsis sanguinaria (Klotzsch) Teng, a synonym acc. Skeletocutis alutacea (J. Lowe) Jean to Index Fungorum. Keller Growth form: poroid Polyporus tricholoma Mont. Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: COI Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Standley 1933: 21; Núñez 1997: Skeletocutis lenis (P. Karst.) Niemelä 187. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Polyporus trichomallus Berk. & Mont. Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic Reference: Dennis 1970: 110. Skeletocutis cf. subincarnata (Peck) Jean Keller Polyporus virgatus Berk. & M.A. Curtis Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Standley 1933: 20.

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Tinctoporellus epimiltinus (Berk. & Trametes maxima (Mont.) A. David & Broome) Ryvarden Rajchenb. Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, on logs Province/Locality: COI Reference: Dennis 1970: 105, 112, as Reference: Dennis 1970: 119, as Poria Coriolus maximus (Mont.) Murrill and as borbonica Pat., a synonym acc. to Index Irpex maximus Mont. Fungorum; Núñez 1997: 187. Trametes membranacea (Sw.) Kreisel Trametes cingulata Berk. Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Trametes modesta (Kunze ex Fr.) Trametes cubensis (Mont.) Sacc. Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on logs Ecology: saprobic, on logs Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: BCI, COI Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: Reference: Dennis 1970: 109, as Polyporus 20; Dennis 1970: 109, as Polyporus cubensis modestus Kunze ex Fr.; Núñez 1997: 187. Mont. Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Pilát Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Dennis 1970: 112, as Polyporus Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: hirsutus Pers., a synonym acc. to Index 20; Dennis 1970: 112; all as Polystictus Fungorum. versicolor (L.) Fr.

Trametes marianna (Pers.) Ryvarden Trametes villosa (Sw.) Kreisel Growth form: poroid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on wood Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Polyporus Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. brachypus Lév., a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Standley 1933: 20, as P. Trichaptum biforme (Fr.) Ryvarden brachypus. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic/plant parasitic, on Rhizophora mangle, Rhizophoraceae Province/Locality: BCI, PA Reference: Núñez 1997: 184; Gilbert & Sousa 2002: 399.

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Trichaptum byssogenum (Jungh.) Trechispora regularis (Murrill) Liberta Ryvarden Growth form: corticioid Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 184. Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Steccherinaceae Trichaptum perrottetii (Lév.) Ryvarden Growth form: poroid Antrodiella versicutis (Berk. & M.A. Ecology: saprobic, on decaying wood Curtis) Gilb. & Ryvarden Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 187. Ecology: saprobic Reference: Dennis 1970: 113, as Polyporus Trichaptum sector (Ehrenb.) Kreisel versicutis Berk. & M.A. Curtis. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Flaviporus hydrophilus (Berk. & M.A. Province/Locality: COI Curtis) Ginns Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Tyromyces duracinus (Pat.) Murrill Province/Locality: COI Growth form: poroid Reference: Núñez 1997: 186, as Antrodiella Ecology: saprobic hydrophila (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Ryvarden. Reference: Lindblad & Ryvarden 1999: 336, as Antrodiella duracina (Pat.) I. Lindblad & Flaviporus liebmannii (Fr.) Ginns Ryvarden. Growth form: poroid Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Sistotremataceae Reference: Núñez 1997: 186, as Antrodiella Sistotrema brinkmannii (Bres.) J. liebmannii (Fr.) Ryvarden. Erikss. Growth form: corticioid Flaviporus stramineus (Bres.) Ginns Ecology: saprobic, on wood Growth form: poroid Reference: Rogers 1944: 88, as Trechispora Ecology: saprobic brinkmannii (Bres.) D.P. Rogers & H.S. Province/Locality: COI Jacks.; Dennis 1970: 98, as T. brinkmannii. Reference: Núñez 1997: 186, as Antrodiella straminea (Bres.) Ryvarden & I. Johans. Sistotrema diademiferum (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk Flavodon flavus (Klotzsch) Ryvarden Growth form: corticioid Growth form: poroid, irpicoid Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic Reference: Rogers 1944: 85, as Trechispora Province/Locality: COI diademifera (Bourdot & Galzin) D.P. Rogers; Reference: Núñez 1997: 184. Dennis 1970: 98, as T. diademifera. Odontia sp. Growth form: hydnoid

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Ecology: saprobic Russula puiggarii (Speg.) Singer Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: agaricoid Reference: Standley 1933: 21. Ecology: ectomycorrhizal, on the ground Province/Locality: BCI Xenasmataceae Reference: Buyck & Ovrebo 2002: 894.

Phlebiella grisella (Bourdot) K.H. Russula venezueliana Singer Larss. & Hjortstam Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: corticioid Ecology: ectomycorrhizal, on the ground Ecology: saprobic, on wood or bark Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CH Reference: Buyck & Ovrebo 2002: 898. Reference: Liberta 1960: 911, as Xenasma grisellum (Bourdot) Liberta; Dennis 1970: 97, Stecchericium seriatum (Lloyd) Maas as Corticium grisellum Bourdot. Geest. Growth form: hydnoid Xenasma macrosporum Liberta Ecology: saprobic a new species from Panama Province/Locality: COI Growth form: corticioid Reference: Núñez 1997: 185. Ecology: saprobic, on decayed wood Province/Locality: CH Stereum cf. complicatum (Fr.) Fr. Reference: Liberta 1960: 899; Dennis 1970: Growth form: stereoid 99. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Russulales Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. Lachnocladium manaosense Henn. Growth form: clavarioid Stereum gausapatum (Fr.) Fr. Ecology: saprobic Growth form: stereoid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic Reference: Standley 1933: 21. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. Russula aucarum Singer genus: Fig. 40 Stereum hartmannii (Mont.) Lloyd Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: stereoid Ecology: ectomycorrhizal, on the ground Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Province/Locality: CA Reference: Buyck & Ovrebo 2002: 889. Reference: Martin 1944: 78.

Russula panamae Buyck & Ovrebo Vararia phyllophila (Massee) D.P. a new species from Panama Rogers & H.S. Jacks. Growth form: agaricoid Growth form: corticioid Ecology: ectomycorrhizal, on the ground Ecology: saprobic, on fallen leaves or Province/Locality: BCI branches Reference: Buyck & Ovrebo 2002: 892. Reference: Dennis 1970: 99.

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Wrightoporia africana I. Johans. & Reference: Standley 1933: 21, as A. fusco- Ryvarden succinea (Schwein.) Farlow; Dennis 1970: Growth form: poroid 132; Lowy 1971: 22. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: COI Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers. Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. Fig. 41 Growth form: resupinate, pileate Wrightoporia avellanea (Bres.) Pouzar Ecology: saprobic Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Ecology: saprobic Reference: Standley 1927: 6; Weston 1933: Province/Locality: COI 402, 404; Standley 1933: 19; Lowy 1971: 24. Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. Auricularia peltata Lloyd Wrightoporia tropicalis (Cooke) Growth form: pulvinate Ryvarden Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Growth form: poroid Province/Locality: BCI Ecology: saprobic Reference: Dennis 1970: 131; Lowy 1971: 25. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 188. Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc. Growth form: pileate Hymenomycetidae Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH, CN Auriculariales Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Hirneola polytricha Mont.; Weston 1933: 391; Standley Aporpium caryae (Schwein.) Teixeira & 1933: 20, as H. polytricha, p. 21, as D.P. Rogers Auricularia hispidula (Berk.) Farl., a synonym Growth form: aphyllophoroid acc. to Lowy 1971: 25; Dennis 1970: 131; Ecology: saprobic Lowy 1971: 25. Province/Locality: COI Reference: Núñez 1997: 184, as Basidiodendron cinereum (Bres.) Protomerulius caryae (Schwein.) Ryvarden. Luck-Allen Growth form: resupinate Auricularia delicata (Fr.) Henn. Ecology: saprobic, on wood Growth form: pileate Province/Locality: BCI, CH Ecology: saprobic Reference: Martin 1942: 158, as Sebacina Province/Locality: BCI, CH, PA cinerea Bres.; Wells 1959: 552, as Bourdotia Reference: Standley 1927: 6, as Hirneola cinerea (Bres.) Bourdot & Galzin; Dennis delicata (Fr.) Bres.; Standley 1933: 20, as H. 1970: 126, as B. cinerea; Lowy 1971: 55, as B. delicata; Dennis 1970: 131; Lowy 1971: 20. cinerea.

Auricularia fuscosuccinea (Mont.) Basidiodendron eyrei (Wakef.) Luck- Henn. Allen Growth form: pileate Growth form: resupinate Ecology: saprobic, on logs or dead wood Ecology: saprobic, on decaying, usually Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CC decorticated wood 146 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Province/Locality: BCI, CA, CH Ductifera sucina (A. Møller) K. Wells Reference: Martin 1942: 158, as Sebacina Growth form: effuse deminuta Bourd., a synonym acc. to Wells Ecology: saprobic 1959: 555; Wells 1959: 555, as Bourdotia Province/Locality: CH eyrei (Wakef.) Bourdot & Galzin; Lowy 1971: Reference: Lowy 1971: 62. 57, as B. eyrei. Exidia lutea Lowy Bourdotia burtii (Bres.) K. Wells Growth form: aphyllophoroid Growth form: resupinate Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, on dead, often corticated Province/Locality: CH wood Reference: Lowy 1980: 12. Province/Locality: CA Reference: Wells 1959: 549; Dennis 1970: Exidia nucleata (Schwein.) Burt 126; Lowy 1971: 55. Growth form: pustulate Ecology: saprobic, on dead wood Bourdotia obscura (G.W. Martin) K. Province/Locality: CH Wells Reference: Dennis 1970: 128; Lowy 1971: 70. a new species from Panama Growth form: resupinate Exidia panamensis Lowy Ecology: saprobic, on dead leaf-stalk of the a new species from Panama date palm Growth form: effuse Province/Locality: BCI, CA Ecology: saprobic, on wood Reference: Martin 1944: 70, as Sebacina Province/Locality: CH obscura G.W. Martin; Wells 1959: 559; Reference: Lowy 1976: 1105; Lowy 1980: 3. Dennis 1970: 126; Lowy 1971: 58. Exidia tucumanensis Lowy Bourdotia petiolata (D.P. Rogers) K. Growth form: aphyllophoroid Wells Ecology: saprobic Growth form: resupinate Province/Locality: PA Ecology: saprobic Reference: Lowy 1980: 12. Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Lowy 1971: 58. Exidiopsis candida (L.S. Olive) K. Wells Ductifera aurea Lowy Growth form: resupinate a new species from Panama Ecology: saprobic Growth form: effuse Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, on unidentified wood Reference: Dennis 1970: 126; Lowy 1971: 72. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Lowy 1976: 1106; Lowy 1980: 2. Exidiopsis mucedinea (Pat.) K. Wells Growth form: effuse Ductifera pululahuana (Pat.) Donk Ecology: saprobic, on dead branches or cane Growth form: convolute to cerebriform of bamboo Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI, CA Province/Locality: CH Reference: Lowy 1971: 60. 147 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Reference: Martin 1944: 68, as Sebacina Reference: Bodman 1952: 228; Dennis 1970: mucedinea Pat.; Dennis 1970: 127; Lowy 127; Lowy 1971: 82. 1971: 74. Heterochaete verruculosa (F.H. Møller) Exidiopsis podlachica (Bres.) Ervin Bodman Growth form: resupinate Growth form: resupinate Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CA, CH Reference: Bodman 1952: 229; Dennis 1970: Reference: Lowy 1971: 75. 127; Lowy 1971: 82.

Heterochaete albida Pat. Patouillardina cinerea Bres. ex Rick Growth form: resupinate Growth form: effuse Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CC Province/Locality: BCI, CA Reference: Bodman 1952: 207; Dennis 1970: Reference: Lowy 1971: 87. 128; Lowy 1971: 76. Protohydnum cartilagineum A. Møller Heterochaete gelatinosa (Berk. & M.A. Growth form: resupinate Curtis) Pat. Ecology: saprobic Growth form: resupinate Province/Locality: CA Ecology: saprobic Reference: Lowy 1971: 89. Province/Locality: CA, CH Reference: Bodman 1952: 216; Dennis 1970: Pseudohydnum gelatinosum (Scop.) P. 127; Lowy 1971: 78. Karst. Growth form: pileate hydnoid Heterochaete minuta Pat. Ecology: saprobic, on frondose wood Growth form: resupinate Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic Reference: Martin 1948: 117; Lowy 1971: 91. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Bodman 1952: 220; Dennis 1970: Stypella dubia (Bourdot & Galzin) P. 127; Lowy 1971: 79. Roberts Growth form: resupinate Heterochaete shearii (Burt) Burt Ecology: saprobic Growth form: resupinate Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic Reference: Lowy 1971: 85, as Heterochaetella Province/Locality: CH dubia (Bourdot & Galzin) Bourdot & Galzin. Reference: Bodman 1952: 226; Dennis 1970: 127; Lowy 1971: 80. Stypella minor A. Møller Growth form: pustulate Heterochaete subgelatinosa Bodman Ecology: saprobic, on wood a new species from Panama Province/Locality: BCI, CH Growth form: resupinate Reference: Dennis 1970: 125; Lowy 1971: 93. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CH

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Ceratobasidiales Dacrymyces capitatus Schwein. Growth form: cerebriform Ceratobasidium atratum (Bres.) D.P. Ecology: saprobic, on angiosperm wood, less Rogers commonly on gymnosperm wood Growth form: corticioid Province/Locality: CH Ecology: saprobic, on logs Reference: Brasfield 1938: 155, as Province/Locality: CA Dacrymyces ellisii Coker, a synonym acc. to Reference: Dennis 1970: 129, as Lowy 1971: 122; Brasfield 1938: 157, as Ceratobasidium plumbeum Martin, a synonym Dacryomitra cystidiata Brasfield, a synonym acc. to Lowy 1971: 116; Lowy 1971: 116. acc. to Lowy 1971: 122; Kennedy 1958: 911, as Dacrymyces deliquescens (Bull.) Duby var. Dacrymycetales ellisii (Coker) L.L. Kenn., a synonym acc. to Arrhytidia involuta (Schwein.) Coker Index Fungorum; Lowy 1971: 122, as D. Growth form: resupinate deliquescens var. ellisii. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: BCI Dacrymyces deliquescens (Bull.) Duby Reference: Lowy 1971: 119. var. deliquescens Growth form: pustulate Arrhytidia pulchra Lowy Ecology: saprobic, on gymnosperm wood, less Growth form: resupinate commonly on angiosperm wood Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CH Reference: Lowy 1980: 8. Reference: Brasfield 1938: 155; Brasfield 1938: 153, as Arrhytidia pustulata Brasfield, a Calocera cornea (Batsch ex Fr.) Fr. synonym acc. to Lowy 1971: 123; Kennedy Growth form: clavarioid 1958: 910; Dennis 1970: 124; Lowy 1971: Ecology: saprobic 123. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Reference: Brasfield 1938: 156; Lowy 1971: Dacrymyces enatus (Berk. & M.A. 120. Curtis) Massee var. macrosporus Kennedy Calocera glossoides (Pers.) Sacc. a new variety from Panama Growth form: clavarioid Growth form: pustulate Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic, on angiosperm wood Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Brasfield 1938: 157, as Reference: Kennedy 1958: 902; Dennis 1970: Dacryomitra glossoides (Pers.) Bref.; Lowy 124; Lowy 1971: 123. 1980: 14. Dacrymyces falcatus Brasf. Calocera macrospora Bras. a new species from Panama Growth form: clavarioid Growth form: pulvinate Ecology: saprobic, on wood Ecology: saprobic, on angiosperm wood Province/Locality: CH Province/Locality: CH Reference: Brasfield 1938: 156; Dennis 1970: Reference: Brasfield 1938: 154; Kennedy 123; Lowy 1971: 121. 1958: 906; Dennis 1970: 124; Lowy 1971: 124. 149 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Dacrymyces minor Peck Reference: Martin 1939a: 242; Dennis 1970: Growth form: pustulate 130; Lowy 1971: 114. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CH Reference: Brasfield 1938: 155. Tremellomycetidae

Dacryopinax fissus G.W. Martin Tremellales Growth form: pustulate Ecology: saprobic Syzygospora alba G.W. Martin Reference: Martin 1948: 117. a new species from Panama Growth form: tremelloid Dacryopinax spathularia (Schwein.) Ecology: mycoparasitic, on trunks or stumps G.W. Martin Fig. 42 Province/Locality: CH Growth form: spathulate Reference: Martin 1937: 112; Dennis 1970: Ecology: saprobic, on wood 132; Oberwinkler & Lowy 1981: 1109. Province/Locality: BCI, BO, CA, CC, CH Reference: Brasfield 1938: 155, as Guepinia Tremella brasiliensis (A. Møller) Lloyd spathularia (Schwein.) Fr., a synonym acc. to genus: Fig. 43 Lowy 1971: 129; Dennis 1970: 123; Lowy Growth form: tremelloid 1971: 129. Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic, erumpent from dead branches Ditiola radicata (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. Province/Locality: CH Growth form: pustulate Ref.: Bandoni 1958: 138; Lowy 1971: 96. Ecology: saprobic Province/Locality: CH, CN, PA Tremella fibulifera A. Møller Reference: Brasfield 1938: 160, as Growth form: tremelloid Dacryomitra stipitata (Peck) Burt, a synonym Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic, on wood or acc. to Lowy 1971: 132; Lowy 1971: 132. litter Province/Locality: CH Tulasnellales Ref.: Bandoni 1958: 142; Lowy 1971: 100.

Tulasnella eichleriana Bres. Tremella foliacea Pers. Growth form: effuse Growth form: tremelloid Ecology: saprobic Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: CH Reference: Lowy 1971: 114, as Tulasnella Reference: Lowy 1980: 13, as Tremella lactea Bourdot & Galzin, a synonym acc. to fimbriata Pers., a synonym acc. to Index Index Fungorum. Fungorum.

Tulasnella sphaerospora G.W. Martin Tremella fuciformis Berk. a new species from Panama Growth form: tremelloid Growth form: effuse Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic Ecology: saprobic, on bark, mosses, or lichens Reference: Bandoni 1958: 144. Province/Locality: CH

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Tremella mesenterica Retz. Province/Locality: BCI, CH Growth form: tremelloid Reference: Lowy 1971: 31. Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic Province/Locality: BCI, CH Phleogena faginea (Fr.) Link Reference: Lowy 1971: 104, as Tremella Growth form: stilboid lutescens Fr., a synonym acc. to Index Ecology: saprobic Fungorum. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Lowy 1971: 46. Tremella subrubiginosa Lowy a new species from Panama Microbotryales Growth form: tremelloid Ecology: saprobic, on unidentified wood Aurantiosporium subnitens (J. Schröt. Province/Locality: VR & Henn.) M. Piepenbr., Vánky & Oberw. Reference: Lowy 1976: 1106; Lowy 1980: 7. Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Scleria melaleuca, Tremella wrightii Berk. & M.A. Curtis Cyperaceae Growth form: tremelloid Province/Locality: PA Ecology: saprobic/mycoparasitic Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 424; Province/Locality: CH Piepenbring 2003: 259. Reference: Bandoni 1958: 150; Lowy 1971: 106. Sphacelotheca cf. koordersiana (Bref.) Zundel Growth form: smut Urediniomycetes Ecology: plant parasitic, on Polygonum punctatum, Polygonaceae Province/Locality: CH Atractiellales Ref.: Piepenbring 2001: 424, as Sphacelotheca Helicogloea aurea G.E. Baker cf. hydropiperis (Schumach.) de Bary, a a new species from Panama wrong identification; Piepenbring 2003: 255. Growth form: effuse Ecology: saprobic, on decaying wood Septobasidiales Province/Locality: CH Septobasidium bogoriense Pat. Reference: Baker 1946: 635; Dennis 1970: Growth form: corticioid 132; Lowy 1971: 30. Ecology: symbiotic with Coccidae (Homoptera), on Citrus sinensis, Rutaceae Helicogloea intermedia (Linder) G.E. Province/Locality: PA Baker Ref.: Couch 1938: 213; Dennis 1970: 134. Growth form: effuse Ecology: saprobic Septobasidium pseudopedicellatum Province/Locality: CH Burt Reference: Lowy 1971: 31. Growth form: corticioid Ecology: symbiotic with Coccidae Helicogloea lagerheimii Pat. (Homoptera), on Citrus sp., Rutaceae Growth form: effuse Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 135. Ecology: saprobic

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Septobasidium rhabarbarinum (Mont.) Reference: Buriticá & Hennen 1980: 23. Bres. Growth form: corticioid Atelocauda incrustans Arthur & Ecology: symbiotic with Coccidae Cummins (Homoptera), on trunks or branches a new species from Panama Reference: Couch 1938: 122; Dennis 1970: Growth form: 134. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Lonchocarpus sp., Fabaceae Septobasidium westoni Couch Province/Locality: BO a new species from Panama Reference: Arthur & Cummins 1933: 41; Growth form: corticioid Cummins 1978: 264, as Pileolaria incrustans Ecology: symbiotic with Coccidae (Arthur & Cummins) Thirum. & F. Kern. (Homoptera), on Ananas magdalenae, Bromeliaceae Batistospora pistila Buriticá & Hennen Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: rust Reference: Weston 1933: 403 as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Annona sp., Septobasidium sp.; Couch 1938: 120; Dennis Annonaceae 1970: 134. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Buriticá 1999a: 272. Uredinales Cerotelium ficicola Buriticá & Hennen Aecidium farameae Arthur Growth form: rust Growth form: anamorphic rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Ficus ibapoby, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Faramea Moraceae occidentalis, Rubiaceae Province/Locality: CA Province/Locality: BCI Reference: Buriticá 1999b: 417. Ref.: Travers, Gilbert & Perry 1998: 439. Chaconia ingae (Syd.) Cummins Aecidium jacquemontiae Ellis & Everh. Growth form: rust Growth form: anamorphic rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Inga ruiziana, I. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Jacquemontia sp., vera, Fabaceae Convolvulaceae Reference: Ono & Hennen 1983: 385. Reference: Dennis 1970: 153. Cionothrix praelonga (G. Winter) Aecidium tournefortiae Henn. Arthur Growth form: anamorphic rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Tournefortia sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Eupatorium Boraginaceae odoratum, Asteraceae Reference: Kern 1938: 541. Province/Locality: PA Reference: Kern & Chardón 1927: 270; Alveolaria cordiae Lagerh. Cummins 1978: 392; Buriticá & Hennen Growth form: rust 1980: 21. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cordia corymbosa, C. ferruginea, Boraginaceae Province/Locality: BO, PA 152 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Coleosporium domingensis (Berk.) Reference: Jørstad 1957: 466; Cummins 1978: Arthur 394; Buriticá & Hennen 1980: 11, as Growth form: rust Endophyllum decoloratum Whetzel & Olive, a Ecology: plant parasitic, on Plumeria sp., synonym acc. to Cummins 1978: 394. Apocynaceae Reference: Kern & Chardón 1927: 269. Endophyllum stachytarphetae (Henn.) Whetzel & Olive Dasyspora gregaria (Kunze) Henn. Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Stachytarpheta Ecology: plant parasitic, on Xylopia jamaicensis, Verbenaceae grandiflora, Annonaceae Province/Locality: BO Reference: Jørstad 1957: 448; Spaulding Reference: Buriticá & Hennen 1980: 13. 1961: 86. Olivea fimbriata (Mains) Cummins & Y. Dicheirinia binata (Berk.) Arthur Hirats. Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Erythrina fusca, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Vitex sp., Fabaceae Verbenaceae Reference: Cummins 1978: 345; Spaulding Province/Locality: CA 1961: 87. Reference: Ono & Hennen 1983: 391.

Dietelia portoricensis (Whetzel & L.S. Olivea viticis Y. Ono & J.F. Hennen Olive) Buriticá & J.F. Hennen Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Vitex sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mikania scandens, Verbenaceae Asteraceae Province/Locality: CA Reference: Cummins 1978: 395, as Reference: Ono & Hennen 1983: 393. Endophyllum portoricensis Whetzel & L.S. Olive; Buriticá & Hennen 1980: 15. Phakopsora arthuriana Buriticá & J.F. Hennen Endophyllum circumscriptum Growth form: rust (Schwein.) Whetzel & Olive var. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Jatropha circumscriptum gossypifolia, Euphorbiaceae Growth form: rust Province/Locality: LS Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cissus sicyoides, Reference: Buriticá 1999a: 289. Vitaceae Province/Locality: CN Phakopsora compressa (Arthur & Reference: Buriticá & Hennen 1980: 13. Holw.) Buriticá & J.F. Hennen Growth form: rust Endophyllum pumilio (Kunze) Syd. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum Growth form: rust conjugatum, Poaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Clibadium Province/Locality: BO surinamensis, Wedelia trilobata, Asteraceae Reference: Cummins 1941: 467, as Angiop- Province/Locality: CN sora compressa (Arthur & Holw.) Mains; Buriticá 1999a: 279. 153 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Phragmidiella bignoniacearum (Dale) Ecology: plant parasitic, on Calathea sp., Buriticá & J.F. Hennen Marantaceae Growth form: rust Reference: Kern 1938: 544. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cydista aequinoctialiis, Bignoniaceae Puccinia chaetochloae Arthur Province/Locality: CA Growth form: rust Reference: Buriticá 1999b: 425. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum fasciculatum, Poaceae Physopella compressa (Mains) Reference: Lenné 1990: 103. Cummins & Ramachar Growth form: rust Puccinia claviformis Lagerh. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Axonopus Growth form: rust compressus, Paspalum conjugatum, P. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Solanum spp., plicatulum, Poaceae Solanaceae Reference: Lenné 1990: 10, 101, 105. Ref.: Jørstad 1963: 88; Dennis 1970: 176.

Physopella zeae (Mains) Cummins & Puccinia cynodontis Delacr. ex Desm. Ramachar Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cynodon dactylon, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Poaceae Poaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 151. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 118, 119, as Angiopsora zeae Mains. Puccinia dolosa Arthur & Fromme var. dolosa Puccinia antioquiensis Mayor Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cyperus diffusus, paniculatum, P. plicatulum, Poaceae Cyperaceae Reference: Ramachar & Cummins 1965: 12; Reference: Kern 1919: 139. Lenné 1990: 105.

Puccinia arachidis Speg. Puccinia dolosa Arthur & Fromme var. Growth form: rust circumdata (Mains) Ramachar & Ecology: plant parasitic, on Arachis hypogaea, Cummins Fabaceae Growth form: rust Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum (Panicum) fasciculatum, Poaceae Puccinia boutelouae (H.S. Jenn.) Holw. Reference: Ramachar & Cummins 1965: 13; Growth form: rust Lenné 1990: 103. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bouteloua sp., Poaceae Puccinia emiliae Henn. Reference: Hennen & Cummins 1956: 144; Growth form: rust Dennis 1970: 158. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Neurolaena lo- bata, Asteraceae Puccinia cannae Henn. Province/Locality: BCI Growth form: rust 154 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Alternanthera sp., 19. Amaranthaceae Reference: Arthur 1918b: 155, as Uredo Puccinia fimbristylidis Arthur panamensis, a synonym acc. to Hennen & Growth form: rust McCain 1993: 977; Hennen & McCain 1993: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fimbristylis sp., 977. Cyperaceae Reference: Jørstad 1957: 483. Puccinia oahuensis Ellis & Everh. Growth form: rust Puccinia gouaniae Holw. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Digitaria Growth form: rust sanguinalis, Poaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Gouania sp., Reference: Ramachar & Cummins 1965: 16. Rhamnaceae Reference: Arthur 1918a: 131. Puccinia polysora Underw. Growth form: rust Puccinia graminis Pers. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Growth form: rust Poaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Triticum aestivum, Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire Poaceae & Crandall 1967: 119. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 127, as Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici Erikss. & Henn., Puccinia purpurea Cooke a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum Puccinia heliconiae (Dietel) Arthur halepense, S. vulgare, Poaceae Growth form: rust Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203; McGuire Ecology: plant parasitic, on Heliconia & Crandall 1967: 122. latispatha, Heliconiaceae Province/Locality: CA Puccinia rotundata Dietel Reference: Arthur 1918b: 144; McGuire & Growth form: rust Crandall 1967: 130. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Vernonia sp., Asteraceae Puccinia invelata H.S. Jacks. var. Reference: Jackson 1918: 307. echinulata (J. Parm.) Cumm. Growth form: rust Puccinia scleriae (Pazschke) Arthur Ecology: plant parasitic, on Verbesina sp. Growth form: rust Reference: Cummins 1978: 78. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Scleria sp., Cyperaceae Puccinia melampodii Dietel & Holw. Reference: Jackson 1926: 144. Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Asteraceae Puccinia sorghi Schwein. Reference: Jackson 1922: 116. Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum vulgare, Puccinia mogiphanis Arthur Zea mays, Poaceae Growth form: rust Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 119, 122. 155 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Puccinia spegazzinii De Toni Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Albizia Ecology: plant parasitic, on Mikania scandens, adinocephala, Fabaceae Asteraceae Province/Locality: CH Reference: Cummins et al. 1969: 942. Reference: Piepenbring 2005: 162.

Puccinia subcoronata Henn. Sphenospora pallida (G. Winter) Dietel Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cyperus diffusus, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioscorea sp., Cyperaceae Dioscoreaceae Reference: Jackson 1926: 142; Kern & Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 149. Thurston 1943: 442. Uraecium guanacastensis Berndt Puccinia subtilipes Speg. Growth form: rust Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Pithecellobium Ecology: plant parasitic, on Leptochloa sp., longifolium, Fabaceae Poaceae Province/Locality: CH Reference: Hennen & Cummins 1956: 148. Reference: Berndt 2002: 425.

Puccinia synedrellae Henn. Uredo dioscoreae Henn. Growth form: rust Growth form: anamorphic rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Neurolaena lo- Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dioscorea bata, Asteraceae urophylla, Dioscoreaceae Reference: Arthur 1916: 25. Province/Locality: BCI Ref.: Standley 1927: 7; Standley 1933: 19. Pucciniosira pallidula (Speg.) Lagerh. Growth form: rust Uredo garcilassae Henn. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Triumfetta sp., Growth form: anamorphic rust Tiliaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Garcilassa Province/Locality: “Panama. Caracas”, might rivularis, Asteraceae refer to Macaracas, LS Reference: Cummins 1978: 398. Reference: Buriticá & Hennen 1980: 30. Uredo panamensis Arthur Ravenelia entadae Lagerh. & Dietel in a new species from Panama Dietel Growth form: anamorphic rust a new species from Panama Ecology: plant parasitic, on Phytolacca Growth form: rust decandra, Phytolaccaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Entada Reference: Arthur 1918b: 155. polystachya, Fabaceae Reference: Dietel 1894: 36, 62; Cummins Uredo tuitei J.F. Hennen & J.W. McCain 1978: 274. a new species from Panama Growth form: anamorphic rust Sphaerophragmium pulchrum M. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Odontocarya Piepenbr. Fig. 44 tamoides var. canescens, Menispermaceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CA 156 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Reference: Hennen & McCain 1993: 981. Uromyces striatus J. Schröt. Growth form: rust Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Link Ecology: plant parasitic, on Medicago sativa, Growth form: rust Fabaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Macroptilium Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 151. atropurpureum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 121, as Uromyces yurimaguasensis Henn. Uromyces phaseoli G. Winter var. typica Growth form: rust Arthur, a synonym acc. to Index Fungorum; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Clitoria Lenné 1990: 85. arborescens, Fabaceae Ref.: Cummins 1978: 211; Lenné 1990: 34. Uromyces cucullatus Syd. & P. Syd. Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Asteraceae Ustilaginomycetes Reference: Cummins 1978: 192. Entylomatales Uromyces indigoferae Dietel & Holw. Growth form: rust Entyloma bidentis Henn. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Indigofera sp., Growth form: smut Fabaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Bidens pilosa, Reference: Cummins 1978: 217. Asteraceae Province/Locality: CH Uromyces janiphae (G. Winter) Arthur Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 421; Growth form: rust Piepenbring 2003: 200. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Manihot esculenta, Euphorbiaceae Entyloma compositarum Far. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 143. Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Viguiera sp., Uromyces neurocarpi Dietel & Holw. Asteraceae Growth form: rust Province/Locality: CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Clitoria sp., Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 421; Fabaceae Piepenbring 2003: 204. Reference: Cummins 1978: 213. Entyloma dahliae Syd. & P. Syd. Uromyces setariae-italicae Yoshino Growth form: smut Growth form: rust Ecology: plant parasitic, on Dahlia sp., Ecology: plant parasitic, on Panicum Asteraceae purpurascens, Poaceae Province/Locality: CH Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 152, as Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 422; Uromyces leptodermus Syd. & P. Syd., a Piepenbring 2003: 205. synonym acc. to Index Fungorum. Entyloma spilanthis Speg. Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Acmella papposa var. macrophylla, Asteraceae 157 PUENTE BIOLÓGICO / 2006 Volume 1

Province/Locality: CH Tilletia horrida Takah. Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 422; Growth form: smut Piepenbring 2003: 213. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, Poaceae Georgefischeriales Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Neovossia barclayana Bref., a wrong Eballistra oryzae (Syd. & P. Syd.) R. identification; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 124, Bauer, Begerow, A. Nagler & Oberw. as Neovossia horrida (Takah.) Padwick & Growth form: smut Khan and N. barclayana; Piepenbring 2001: Ecology: plant parasitic, on Oryza sativa, 421, as Tilletia barclayana (Bref.) Sacc. & Poaceae Syd.; Piepenbring 2003: 240. Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1203, as Entyloma oryzae Syd. & P. Syd.; McGuire & Urocystales Crandall 1967: 123, as E. oryzae; Piepenbring 2001: 421; Piepenbring 2003: 217. Doassansiopsis limnocharidis (Cif.) Vánky Platygloeales Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Limnocharis Jola hookeriarum A. Møller flava, Limnocharitaceae Growth form: effuse Province/Locality: BO Ecology: parasitic on mosses, on capsules of Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 420; Raphidorrhynchium sp., Bryophyta Piepenbring 2003: 17. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Martin 1939a: 243, as Jola Ustilaginales javensis Pat., a synonym acc. to Lowy 1971: 33; Dennis 1970: 131, as J. javensis; Lowy Cintractia axicola (Berk.) Cornu 1971: 33. Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fimbristylis Platygloea decipiens G.W. Martin dichotoma (F. annua, F. diphylla), Cyperaceae a new species from Panama Province/Locality: CC, CN, PA Growth form: effuse Reference: Jackson 1930: 299; Zundel 1953: Ecology: plant parasitic, on fallen trunk 20, on Scirpus brizoides, a doubtful host; Province/Locality: CH Dennis 1970: 136; Piepenbring 2001: 412; Reference: Martin 1948: 119; Dennis 1970: Piepenbring 2003: 51. 133; Lowy 1971: 41. Cintractia fimbristylicola Pavgi & Tilletiales Mundk. Growth form: smut Tilletia ayresii Berk. in Massee Ecology: plant parasitic, on Fimbristylis Growth form: smut spadicea, Cyperaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Panicum Province/Locality: HE maximum, Setaria paniculifera, Poaceae Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 413; Province/Locality: CC, CH, CN, HE, LS, PA Piepenbring 2003: 54. Reference: Lenné 1990: 93; Piepenbring 2001: 420; Piepenbring 2003: 232.

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Cintractia limitata G.P. Clinton Sporisorium ovarium (Griffiths) Vánky Growth form: smut Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cyperus ligularis, Ecology: plant parasitic, on Urochloa C. rotundus, Cyperaceae fasciculata, Poaceae Province/Locality: LS Province/Locality: HE Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 413; Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 415; Piepenbring 2003: 55. Piepenbring 2003: 118.

Farysia chardoniana Zundel Sporisorium panamense (Zundel & Growth form: smut Dunlap in Zundel) M. Piepenbr. Ecology: plant parasitic, on Carex a new species from Panama polystachya, Cyperaceae Growth form: smut Province/Locality: CH Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cymbopogon sp., Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 413; Poaceae Piepenbring 2003: 60. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Zundel 1939: 995, as Leucocintractia scleriae (DC.) M. Sphacelotheca panamensis Zundel & Dunlap; Piepenbr., Bergerow & Oberw. Zundel 1953: 103, as S. panamensis; Dennis Growth form: smut 1970: 136, as S. panamensis; Piepenbring Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rhynchospora 2001: 414, 427; Piepenbring 2003: 120. corymbosa (R. aurea), Cyperaceae Province/Locality: CN Sporisorium scitamineum (Syd.) M. Reference: Zundel 1953: 31, as Cintractia Piepenbr., M. Stoll & Oberw. leucoderma (Berk.) Henn., a wrong Growth form: smut identification acc. to Piepenbring 2000: 320; Ecology: plant parasitic, on Saccharum sp., Dennis 1970: 136, as C. leucoderma; Poaceae Piepenbring 2001: 414; Piepenbring 2003: 73. Province/Locality: CH Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 419, as Ustilago Mycosyrinx cissi (DC.) Beck scitaminea Syd.; Piepenbring 2003: 127. Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Cissus sicyoides, Sporisorium sorghi Ehrenb. ex Link Vitaceae Growth form: smut Province/Locality: CN, DA Ecology: plant parasitic, on Sorghum vulgare, Ref.: Standley 1933: 19; Zundel 1953: 48; Poaceae Piepenbring 2001: 419; Piepenbring 2003: 39. Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 123, as Sphacelotheca sorghi (Ehrenb. ex Link) G.P. Sporisorium holwayi (G.P. Clinton & Clinton. Zundel) Vánky Growth form: smut Thecaphora solani Barrus Ecology: plant parasitic, on Andropogon Growth form: smut bicornis, Poaceae Ecology: plant parasitic, on Solanum Province/Locality: CC, CH, CN, PA tuberosum, Solanaceae Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 414; Reference: McGuire & Crandall 1967: 126, Piepenbring 2003: 108. identified by symptoms.

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Tranzscheliella hypodytes (Schltdl.) class: incertae sedis Vánky & McKenzie Growth form: smut order: incertae sedis Ecology: plant parasitic, on Stipa mucronata (S. setigera), Poaceae Dictyochora paspali F. Stevens Reference: Zundel 1953: 169; Piepenbring a new species from Panama 2001: 418; Piepenbring 2003: 172; all as Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum Ustilago hypodytes (Schltdl.) Fr. saccharoides, Poaceae Province/Locality: CA Trichocintractia utriculicola (Henn.) M. Reference: Stevens 1930: 283. Piepenbr. Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Rhynchospora corymbosa, Cyperaceae Province/Locality: BO, CN Reference: Piepenbring 2001: 418; Piepenbring 2003: 138.

Ustilago maydis (DC.) Corda Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Zea mays, Poaceae Province/Locality: CC Reference: Toler et al. 1959: 1202; McGuire & Crandall 1967: 119; Piepenbring 2001: 418; Piepenbring 2003: 173.

Ustilago schroeteriana Henn. Fig. 45 Growth form: smut Ecology: plant parasitic, on Paspalum paniculatum, P. virgatum, Poaceae Province/Locality: CH, DA Reference: Zundel 1953: 198; Piepenbring 2001: 418; Piepenbring 2003: 182.

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PUBLICATIONS ON ECOLOGY OF FUNGI - parasite on frogs causing chytridiomycosis IN PANAMA (Berger et al. 1998; Lips 1999; Lips et al. 2003); Focusing on fungi in different habitats (not - fungi associated with beetles (Roubik & on living plants or animals): Skelley 2001); - fungi as decomposers of forest litter - yeasts as symbionts in the gut (Suh et al. (Cornejo et al. 1994); 2003). - diversity of soil fungi (Farrow 1954; Goos 1960); - diversity of macrolichens in mountain rain forests (Büdel et al. 2000); PUBLICATIONS ON APPLIED ASPECTS - fungi from the deep sea (Kohlmeyer 1977). OF FUNGI IN PANAMA

Focusing on fungi associated with plants: The following studies on applied aspects of - fungi as parasites of plants (Gilbert et al. fungi have been carried out in Panama and 1994, Gilbert & De Steven 1996, Travers et al. published in international journals or books: 1998); - fungi destroying cellulose of military equip- - diversity of fungi as endophytes (Arnold et ment (Zuck 1946; Zuck & Diehl 1946; Ames al. 2001; Gilbert et al. 2002b; Arnold & Herre 1949); 2003; Arnold et al. 2003); - diseases of cultivated plants (Toler et al. - epiphyllous fungi (Gilbert et al. 1997); 1959; McGuire & Crandall 1967); - diversity of macrofungi on different trees - fungi for biological control of aquatic weeds (Gilbert et al. 2002a; Gilbert & Sousa 2002; (Gangstad 1974; Freeman & Zettler 1974; Ferrer & Gilbert 2003); Rintz 1974); - diversity and ecology of arbuscular my- - nematophagous fungi from agricultural soil corrhizal fungi (Kiers et al. 2000, Husband et (Persmark et al. 1995). al. 2002; Mangan et al. 2004). - C.C. Soper from the Eastman Kodak Co. supervised experiments on the effect of fungi Focusing on interactions fungi – animals: on cameras, lents, films, and fotographic paper - beetles eat slime mold plasmodia (Wheeler on BCI (Heckadon-Moreno 1998: 146; pers. 1980); com. S. Heckadon-Moreno). - flies eat epiphyllous fungi (Broadhead 1984); - small mammals eat arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Mangan & Adler 1999; Mangan & Adler 2000); - fungi kill eggs of frogs (Warkentin et al. 2001); - fungi related to -growing ants (Hervey et al. 1977; Mueller et al. 1998; Currie 2001; Green et al. 2002; Hughes et al. 2004; Wirth et al. 2003); - parasites on termites (Khan & Kimbrough 1974; Kimbrough & Thorne 1982); - parasites on spiders (Nentwig 1985);

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Ahti T. 2000. . Flora Neotropica Many colleagues contributed to the checklist Monograph 78, New York Botanical Garden, with data from databases, literature, revision New York, 362 pp. of data, photos, identifications, and interesting discussions, namely C. Arrocha, J. Bernal, P. Akers B.P. and Ovrebo C.L. 2005. Leucoaga- Caballero, O. Cáceres, P.D. Coley, M. Correa, ricus bivelatus, a new volvate lepiotoid spe- P. Döbbeler, G. Gilbert, J. de Gracia, R. En- cies. Mycotaxon 91: 303-308. nemann, D. Farr, O. Frago, G. Gilbert, G. Altomare C., Petrini O., Logrieco A. and Hagedorn, D.L. Hawksworth, S. Heckadon- Bottalico A. 1997. Taxonomic relationships Moreno, J. Hernández, T. Hofmann, C.-L. among the toxigenic species Fusarium acumi- Hou, C. Inácio, R. Kirschner, B. Koch, G. natum, Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusa- Kost, R. Lücking, R. Mangelsdorff, M. Mata, rium tricinctum by isozyme analysis and C. Obrebo, O. Perdomo, J.M. Pérez, D. RAPD assay. Canadian Journal of Botany 75: Rodríguez, A. Rossman, N. Salazar, S. Späthe, 1674-1684. M. Stadler, T. Trampe, D. Triebel, and C. Williams. A special thank is attributed to the Amano K. 1986. Host range and geographical staff of the Senckenberg Library for continu- distribution of the powdery mildew fungi. ous support of the literature search. The help Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, 741 by R. Kirschner and C. Arrocha for the revi- pp. sion of the manuscript is acknowledged. Mas- Ames L.M. 1949. New cellulose destroying ter students of the UNACHI and the Universi- fungi isolated from military material and dad de Panama are thanked for their interest equipment. Mycologia 41: 637-648. and motivation. The publication of this vol- Ames L.M. 1961. A monograph of the Chae- ume has been organized by M. Sevilla, J. tomiaceae. Bibliotheca Mycologica 17: i-ix, 1- Torres, and O. Cáceres. 65 + 30 plates.

This publication forms part of the efforts to Arnold A.E. and Herre E.A. 2003. Canopy establish teaching and basic research on fungi cover and leaf age affect colonization by in Panama. These activities are realized in the tropical fungal endophytes: Ecological pattern context of a University Partnership between and process in Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae). the Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí Mycologia 95: 388-398. (UNACHI), in David, Chiriquí, Panamá, and Arnold A.E., Maynard Z. and Gilbert G.S. the J.W. Goethe University of Frankfurt am 2001. Fungal endophytes in dicotyledonous Main, Germany, with funding by the German neotropical trees: patterns of abundance and Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). diversity. Mycological Research 105: 1502- The present publication also contributes to the 1507. study of the diversity of plant parasitic micro- fungi, a research project with funding by the Arnold A.E., Mejía L.C., Kyllo D., Rojas E.I., German Research Foundation (DFG). Maynard Z., Robbins N. and Herre E.A. 2003. Fungal endophytes limit pathogen damage in a tropical tree. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100: 15649-15654.

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Arthur J.C. 1916. Uredinales of Porto Rico . Anais da Sociedade Biologia based on collections by F. L. Stevens. My- Pernambuco 15: 445-466. cologia 8: 16-33. Benjamin R.K. 1956. A new genus of the Arthur J.C. 1918a. Uredinales of Costa Rica Gymnoascaceae with a review of the other based on collections by E. W. D. Holway. genera. El Aliso 3: 301-328. Mycologia 10: 111-154. Berger L., Speare R., Daszak P., Green D.E., Arthur J.C. 1918b. New species of Uredineae- Cunningham A.A., Goggin C.L., Slocombe X. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 45: R., Ragan M.A., Hyatt A.D., McDonald K.R., 141-156. Hines H.B., Lips K.R., Marantelli G. and Arthur J.C. and Cummins G.B. 1933. New Parkes H. 1998. Chytridiomycosis causes species of Uredinales. Annales Mycologici 31: amphibian mortality associated with popula- 41-45. tion declines in the rain forests of and . Proceedings of the Arvidsson L. 1982. A monograph of the lichen National Academy of Sciences of the USA 95: genus Coccocarpia. Opera Botanica Supple- 9031-9036. ment 67: 1-96. Berkeley M.J. and Broome C.E. 1852. Notices Baker G.E. 1941. Studies in the genus Physa- of British fungi. Annals and Magazine of lacria. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club Natural History, Ser. 2, 9: 377-387. (cited acc. 68: 265-288. to Hawksworth 2005) Baker G.E. 1946. Addenda to the genera Bermúdez M.M. and Sánchez G.J. 2000. Helicogloea and Physalacria. Mycologia 38: Identificación de vacíos de información botá- 630-638. nica en Centroamérica. WWF: Museo Nacio- Baker G.E. 1968. Fungi from the central pa- nal de Costa Rica, Turrialba, Costa Rica. cific region. Mycologia 60: 196-201. Berndt R. 2002. New species, reports and Baker R.E.D. and Dale W.T. 1951. Fungi of observations on rust fungi. Nova Hedwigia 75: Trinidad and Tobago. Mycological Papers 33: 415-431. 1-123. Bills G.F., Rossman A.Y. and Polishook J.D. Bandoni R.J. 1958. Some tremellaceous fungi 1994. Rediscovery of Albosynnema elegans in the C. G. Lloyd collection. Lloydia 21: 137- and Solheimia costaspora. Sydowia 46: 1-11. 151. Bischoff J.F. and White J.F. 2004. Torrubiella Batista A.C. 1959. Monografia dos fungos piperis sp. nov. (Clavicipitaceae, Hy- Micropeltaceae. Instituto de Micologia, pocreales), a new teleomorph of the Lecanicil- Universidade do Recife, publicação N. 56, 519 lium complex. Studies in Mycology 50: 89-94. pp. Bischoff J.F., Chaverri P. and White J.F. Batista A.C. and Ciferri R. 1963. The sooty- 2005. Clarification of the host substrate of molds of the family Asbolisiaceae. Quaderno Ascopolyporus and description of Ascopoly- 31: 1-229 + plates I-XXIII. porus philodendrus sp. nov. Mycologia 97: 710-717. Batista A.C. and Maia H. da S. 1957. Contribuição ao estudo dos fungos Bodman M.C. 1952. A taxonomic study of the genus Heterochaete. Lloydia 15: 193-233.

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Brako L. 1991. Phyllopsora (Bacidiaceae). Cannon P.F. 1991. A revision of Phyllachora Flora Neotropica Monograph 55, New York and some similar genera on the host family Botanical Garden, New York, 66 pp. Leguminosae. IMI, CAB international. Brasfield T.W. 1938. Tropical Dacrymyceta- Cannon P.F. 1996. Ophiodothella panamensis. ceae. Lloydia 1: 153-160. IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria 1284; Braun U., David J. and Freire F.C.O. 1999. Mycopathologia 135: 47-49. Some cercosporoid hyphomycetes from Bra- Cash E.K. 1937. Discomycetes from Panama zil. Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20: 95-106. and Colombia. University of Iowa Studies in Brayford D. 1987. Cylindrocarpon musae. IMI Natural History 17: 213-223. Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria 927; My- Cash E.K. and Watson A.J. 1955. Some fungi copathologia 100: 127-128. on Orchidaceae. Mycologia 47: 729-747. Broadhead E.C. 1984. Adaptations for fungal Chardón C.E. 1930a. Order VIII. – Dothidea- grazing in Lauxaniid flies. Journal of Natural les. In: Chardón C.E. and Toro R.A. (eds), History 18: 639-649. Mycological explorations of Colombia, pp Büdel B., Meyer A., Salazar N., Zellner H., 243-266. The Journal of the Department of Zotz G. and Lange O.L. 2000. Macrolichens Agriculture of Porto Rico 14: 195-369 + plates of montane rain forests in Panama, Province XXX-XXXV. Chiriquí. Lichenologist 32: 539-551. Chardón C.E. 1930b. Order X. – Sphaeriales. Buriticá C. P.E. 1999a. La familia Phakopso- In: Chardón C.E. and Toro R.A. (eds), Myco- raceae en el neotrópico III, géneros: Batistop- logical explorations of Colombia, pp 267-275. sora y Phakopsora. Revista de la Academia The Journal of the Department of Agriculture Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y of Porto Rico 14: 195-369 + plates XXX- Naturales 23: 271-305. XXXV. Buriticá C. P.E. 1999b. La familia Phakopso- Chardón C.E. and Toro R.A. 1930. Fungi raceae (Uredinales) en el neotrópico – IV. Imperfecti. In: Chardón C.E. and Toro R.A. Géneros: Crossopsora, Cerotelium, Phragmi- (eds), Mycological explorations of Colombia, diella y Catenulopsora. Revista de la Acade- pp 276-296. The Journal of the Department of mia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas Agriculture of Porto Rico 14: 195-369 + plates y Naturales 23: 407-431. XXX-XXXV. Buriticá C. P.E. and Hennen J.F. 1980. Puc- Chupp C. 1930. Cercosporae. In: Chardón ciniosireae (Uredinales, Pucciniaceae). Flora C.E. and Toro R.A. (authors of the chapter) Neotropica Monograph No. 24. New York Fungi Imperfecti, pp 282-294. In: Chardón Botanical Garden, New York, 50 pp. C.E. and Toro R.A. (eds), Mycological explo- rations of Colombia. The Journal of the De- Bussaban B., Lumyong P., McKenzie E.H.C., partment of Agriculture of Porto Rico 14: 195- Hyde K.D. and Lumyong S. 2002. Index of 369 + plates XXX-XXXV. fungi described from the Zingiberaceae. My- cotaxon 83: 165-182. Chupp C. 1953. A monograph of the fungus genus Cercospora. Published by the author, Buyck B. and Ovrebo C.L. 2002. New and New York, Ithaca, 667 pp. interesting Russula species from Panama. Mycologia 94: 888-901.

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Cooke W.B. 1961. The cyphellaceous fungi, a Deighton F.C. 1976. Studies on Cercospora study in the Porotheleaceae. Beihefte zur and allied genera. VI. Pseudocercospora Sydowia 4: 1-144. Speg., Pantospora Cif. and Cercoseptoria Petr. Mycological Papers 140: 1-168. Cornejo F.H., Varela A. and Wright S.J. 1994. Tropical forest litter decomposition under Denison W.C. 1967. Central American seasonal drought: nutrient release, fungi and Pezizales. II. The genus Cookeina. Mycologia bacteria. Oikos 70: 183-190. 59: 306-317. Correa M., Galdames C. and de Stapf M.S. Dennis R.W.G. 1954. Some inoperculate 2004. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Discomycetes of tropical America. Kew Bulle- Panamá. Quebecor World Bogotá, Colombia, tin 1954: 289-348. 599 pp. Dennis R.W.G. 1956. Some Xylarias of tropi- Couch J.N. 1938. The genus Septobasidium. cal America. Kew Bulletin 1956: 401-444. The University of North Carolina Press, Dennis R.W.G. 1970. Fungus flora of Vene- Chapel Hill, 480 pp. zuela and adjacent countries. Kew Bulletin Crous P.W. 2002. and pathology of add. Series 3, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Cylindrocladium (Calonectria) and allied 531 pp. genera. American Phytopathological Society, Des Abbayes H. 1949. Some new Cladoniae St. Paul, Minnesota, 278 pp. (lichens) from Panama. The Bryologist 52: 92- Crous P.W. and Braun U. 2003. Mycosphae- 96. rella and its anamorphs: 1. Names published Diehl W.W. 1950. Balansia and the in Cercospora and Passalora. Centraalbureau in America. Agriculture Monograph No. 4, voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The Nether- USDA, Washington. lands, 571 pp. Dietel P. 1894. Die Gattung Ravenelia. Hed- Cummins G.B. 1941. Descriptions of tropical wigia 33: 22-69 + plates I-V. rusts - IV. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 68: 467-472. Döbbeler P. 1998. Ascomyceten auf der epip- hyllen Radula flaccida (Hepaticae). Nova Cummins G.B. 1978. Rust fungi on legumes Hedwigia 66 : 325-373. and composites in North America. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona, 424 pp. Dugan F.M., Schubert K. and Braun U. 2004. Check-list of Cladosporium names. Cummins G.B., Britton M.P. and Baxter J.W. Schlechtendalia 11: 1-103. 1969. The autoecious species of Puccinia on North American Eupatoriae. Mycologia 61: Dumont K.P. 1980. XVI. On 924-944. Helotium rufo-corneum and Helotium frater- num. Mycotaxon 12: 255-277. Currie C.R. 2001. Prevalence and impact of a virulent parasite on a tripartite mutualism. Dumont K.P. and Korf R.P. 1970. Nomencla- Oecologia 128: 99-106. tural notes. VI. A new name, Martininia, to replace Martinia (Sclerotiniaceae). Mycologia Dearness J. and House H.D. 1925. New or 62: 608-609. noteworthy species of fungi, IV. Bulletin of the New York State Museum 266: 57-98. El-Gholl N.E., Alfenas A.C., Junghans D.T., Schubert T.S., Miller J.W. and Leahy R.M.

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1997. Description of Calonectria rumohrae Farr M.L. 1976. Myxomycetes. Flora sp. nov. (anamorph = Cylindrocladium ru- Neotropica Monograph No. 16, New York mohrae sp. nov.). Mycotaxon 64: 467-484. Botanical Garden, New York, 304 pp. Ellis M.B. 1971. Dematiaceous Hyphomy- Farrow W.M. 1954. Tropical soil fungi. My- cetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, cologia 46: 632-646. Kew, Surrey, England. Farrow W.M. 1955. A new species of Chaeto- Ellis M.B. 1976. More dematiaceous Hypho- ceratostoma. Mycologia 47: 416-419. mycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Insti- Fernández F.A. and Huhndorf S.M. 2004. tute, Kew, Surrey, England. Neotropical pyrenomycetes: Porosphaerella Etayo J. 1997. Aportación al catálogo de borinquensis sp. nov. and its Pseudobotrytis líquenes epifilos y hongos liquenícolas de terrestris anamorph. Fungal Diversity 17: 11- Coiba (Panamá). In: S. Castroviejo (ed.): Flora 16. y Fauna del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Pana- Fernández F.A. and Huhndorf S.M. 2005. má); Inventario preliminar. AECI, Madrid, New species of Chaetosphaeria, Melanop- 205-220 pp. sammella and Tainosphaeria gen. nov. from Etayo J. 1999. Pyrenula hirsuta, a new lichen the Americas. Fungal Diversity 18: 15-57. species from Panama. Nova Hedwigia 68: Ferrer A. and Gilbert G.S. 2003. Effect of tree 405-407. host species on fungal community composi- Etayo J. 2000. Aportación a la flora liquénica tion in a tropical rain forest in Panama. Diver- de las Islas Canarias. VI. Hongos liquenícolas sity and Distributions 9: 455-468. de La Palma. Bulletin de la Société linnéenne Ferrer A. and Shearer C.A. 2005. New records de Provence 51: 153-162. and a new species of Canalisporium from Etayo J. and Aptroot A. 2003. Pyrenula luteo- aquatic habitats in Panama. Myxotaxon 93: pruinosa sp. nov. from Panama and notes on 179-188. other members of the genus. Lichenologist 35: Finley D.E. 1967. Virgatospora: a new genus 233-236. of Stilbellaceae. Mycologia 59: 538-541. Etayo J. and Lücking R. 1999. Anisomeridium Freeman T.E. and Zettler F.W. 1974. A dis- musaesporoides, a new foliicolous lichen from ease of water hyacinth with biological control tropical America. Lichenologist 31: 145-148. potential. In: Aquatic weed control with plant Farr M.L. 1961. Mycological notes II. New pathogens, Technical Report 8, p C3. Aquatic taxa, synonyms, and records. The Amerian plant control program, US Army Engineer Midland Naturalist 66: 355-362. Waterways Experimental Station, National Technical Information Service, Vicksburg, Farr M.L. 1966. The didymosporous dimeri- Miss. aceous fungi described from leaves of gramineae. Mycologia 58: 221-248. Gangstad E.O. 1974. Aquatic weed control with plant pathogens. US Army Engineer Farr M.L. 1974. Some new Myxomycete Waterways Experiment Station Aquatic Plant records for the neotropics and some taxonomic Control Program. Technical Report 8. (only problems in the Myxomycetes. Proceedings of abstract seen by the author) the Iowa Academy of Science 81: 37-40.

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Garner J.H.B. 1956. Gasteromycetes from Hyphomycetes. Canadian Journal of Botany Panama and Costa Rica. Mycologia 48: 757- 53: 2927-2932. 764. Green A.M., Mueller U.G. and Adams Gilbert G.S. and De Steven D. 1996. A canker R.M.M. 2002. Extensive exchange of fungal disease of seedlings and sapling of Tetragas- cultivars between sympatric species of fungus- tris panamensis (Burseraceae) caused by growing ants. Molecular Ecology 11: 191-195. Botryosphaeria dothidea in a lowland tropical Guba E.F. 1961. Monograph of Monochaetia forest. Plant Disease 80: 684-687. and Pestalotia. Harvard University Press, Gilbert G.S. and Sousa W.P. 2002. Host spe- Cambridge, MA, 342 pp. cialization among wood-decay polypore fungi Guzmán G. 1970. Monografía del género in a mangrove forest. Biotropica Scleroderma Pers. emend. Fr. (Fungi- 34: 396-404. Basidiomycetes). Darwiniana 16: 233-407. Gilbert G.S., Hubbell S.P. and Foster R.B. Guzmán G. 1983. The genus Psilocybe. Bei- 1994. Density and distance-to-adult effects of heft zur Nova Hedwigia 74: 1-531. a canker disease of trees in a moist tropical forest. Oecologia 98: 100-108. Guzmán G. and Ovrebo C.L. 2000. New observations on sclerodermataceous fungi. Gilbert G.S., Talaro N., Howell C.A. and Mycologia 92: 174-179. Symstad A. 1997. Multiple-scale spatial dis- tribution of the fungal epiphyll Scole- Guzmán-Dávalos L. and Ovrebo C.L. 2001. copeltidium on Trichilia spp. in two lowland Some species of Gymnopilus from Costa Rica moist tropical forests. Canadian Journal of and Panama. Mycologia 93: 398-404. Botany 75: 2158-2164. Haines J.H. 1980. Studies in the Hyaloscypha- Gilbert G.S., Ferrer A. and Carranza J. 2002a. ceae I: some species of Dasyscyphus on tropi- Polypore fungal diversity and host density in a cal ferns. Mycotaxon 11: 189-216. moist tropical forest. Biodiversity and Conser- Haines J.H. and Dumont K.P. 1983. Studies in vation 11: 947-957. the II: Proliferodiscus, a Gilbert S.G., Mejía-Chang M. and Rojas E. new genus of Arachnopezizoideae. Mycologia 2002b. Fungal diversity and plant disease in 75: 535-543. mangrove forests: salt excretion as a possible Haines J.H. and Dumont K.P. 1984. Studies in defense mechanism. Oecologia 132: 278-285. the Hyaloscyphaceae III: The long-spored, Goos R.D. 1960. Soil fungi from Costa Rica lignicolous species of Lachnum. Mycotaxon and Panama. Mycologia 52: 877-883. 19: 1-39. Goos R.D. 1978. Comparative observations of Hale M.E. 1974. Studies in the lichen family the Hyphomycetes of Hawaii and Central . 2. Phytologia 27: 490-501. America. Kavaka 6: 31-35. Hale M.E. 1978. A revision of the lichen Goos R.D. 1997. Fungi of Barro Colorado family Thelotremataceae in Panama. Smith- Island, adjacent Panama, and the Cali region sonian Contributions to Botany 38: 1-60. of Colombia. Mycotaxon 64: 375-383. Halling R.E. and Mueller G.M. 1999. A new Goos R.D. and Pirozynski K.A. 1975. Fungi species and a new record for the genus Xerula of Barro Colorado Island: new and interesting

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(Agaricales) from Costa Rica. Mycotaxon 71: Hennen J.F. and Cummins G.B. 1956. Uredi- 105-110. nales parasitizing grasses of the tribe Chlo- Hanlin R.T., Goh T.-K. and Skarshaug A.J. rideae. Mycologia 48: 126-162. 1992. A key to and descriptions of species Hennen J.F. and McCain J.W. 1993. New assigned to Ophiodothella, based on the litera- species and records of Uredinales from the ture. Mycotaxon 44: 103-126. neotropics. Mycologia 85: 970-986. Hansford C.G. 1955. Tropical fungi – V. New Heredia G., Portales J.M., Mercado A. and species and revisions. Sydowia 9: 1-88. Reyes M. 1997. Tropical Hyphomycetes of Hansford C.G. 1957a. Tropical fungi – VI. Mexico. II. Some species from the tropical New species and revisions. Sydowia 10: 41- biology station “Los Tuxtlas”, Veracruz, 100. Mexico. Mycotaxon 64: 203-223. Hansford C.G. 1957b. Tropical fungi – VII. Heredia G., Reyes M., Arias R.M. and Bills Sydowia Beiheft 1: 86-122. G.F. 2001. Talaromyces ocotl sp. nov. and observations on T. rotundus from conifer Hansford C.G. 1957c. Tropical fungi. VIII. forest soils of Veracruz State, Mexico. My- Sydowia 11: 44-69. cologia 93: 528-540. Hansford C.G. 1961. The Meliolineae, a Hervey A., Rogerson C.T. and Leong I. 1977. monograph. Beihefte zur Sydowia, Annales Studies on fungi cultivated by ants. Brittonia Mycologici, Ser. II., II. Beiheft. 29: 226-236. Hawksworth D.L. 1998. The consequences of Hughes W.O.H., Thomsen L., Eilenberg J. and plant extinctions for their dependent biotas: an Boomsma J.J. 2004. Diversity of entomopa- overlooked aspect of conservation science. In: thogenic fungi near leaf-cutting ant nests in a Peng C.-I. and Lowry P.P. (eds), Rare, threat- neotropical forest, with particular reference to ened, and endangered floras of and the Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae. Jour- Pacific rim, Institute of Botany, Academia nal of Invertebrate Pathology 85: 46-53. Sinica Monograph Series No. 16: 1-15, Taipei. Huhndorf S.M. and Fernández F.A. 2005. Hawksworth D.L. 2005. Dothidea hymenii- Teleomorph-anamorph connections: Chae- cola: an overlooked Endococcus species on tosphaeria raciborskii and related species, and Lobaria in Central America. Herzogia 18: 17- their Craspedodidymum-like anamorphs. 21. Fungal Diversity 19: 23-49. Heckadon-Moreno S. 1998. Naturalistas del Husband R., Herre E.A., Turner S.L., Gallery istmo de Panamá. Instituto Smithsonian de R. and Young J.P.W. 2002. Molecular diver- Investigaciones Tropicales, Editorial Santilla- sity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pat- na, Panamá. terns of host association over time and space Heim R. 1954. Quelques Ascomycètes remar- in a tropical forest. Molecular Ecology 11: quables. II. – Le genre Ascopolyporus en 2669-2678. Amérique centrale. Bulletin Trimestriel de la Iturriaga T. and Korf R.P. 1990. A monograph Société Mycologique de France 69: 417-424 + of the discomycete genus Strossmayeria (Leo- pl. V. tiaceae), with comments on its anamorph, Pseudospiropes (Dematiaceae). Mycotaxon 36: 383-454.

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Jackson H.S. 1918. Carduaceous species of Kern F.D. and Chardón C.E. 1927. Notes on Puccinia. I. Species occurring on the tribe some rusts of Colombia. Mycologia 19: 268- Vernoniae. Botanical Gazette 65: 289-312. 276. Jackson H.S. 1922. New or noteworthy rusts Kern F.D. and Thurston H.W. 1943. Additions on Carduaceae. Mycologia 14: 104-120. to the Uredinales of Venezuela – II. Mycolo- Jackson H.S. 1926. The rusts of South Amer- gia 35: 434-445. ica based on the Holway collections - I. My- Khan S.R. and Kimbrough J.W. 1974. Taxo- cologia 18: 139-162. nomic position of Termitaria and Mattirolella Jackson H.S. 1930. Ustilaginales. In: Chardón (entomogenous Deuteromycetes). American C.E. and Toro R.A. (eds), Mycological explo- Journal of Botany 61: 395-399. rations of Colombia, pp 296-300. The Journal Kiers E.T., Lovelock C.E., Krueger E.L. and of the Department of Agriculture of Porto Herre E.A. 2000. Differential effects of tropi- Rico 14: 195-369 + plates XXX-XXXV. cal arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inocula on Jenkins A.E. and Watson A.J. 1962. A new root colonization and tree seedling growth: species of Elsinoë on Rhynchosia in Panama. implications for tropical forest diversity. Mycologia 54: 582-585. Ecology Letters 3: 106-113. Jimenez B. and Hanlin R.T. 1992. A list of Kimbrough J.W. and Thorne B.L. 1982. Struc- species names assigned to the genus Cata- ture and development of Mattirolella crustosa cauma. Mycotaxon 44: 219-233. (Termitariales, Deuteromycetes) on Panama- nian termites. Mycologia 74: 201-209. Jørstad I. 1957. Uredinales from South Amer- ica and tropical North America, chiefly col- Kindermann J., El-Ayouti Y., Samuels G.J. lected by Swedish botanists. Arkiv för Botanik and Kubicek C.P. 1998. Phylogeny of the 3: 443-490 + Plates I, II. genus Trichoderma based on sequence analy- sis of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 Jørstad I. 1963. Uredinales from South Amer- of the rDNA cluster. Fungal Genetics and ica and tropical North America, chiefly col- Biology 24: 298-309. lected by Swedish botanists II. Arkiv för Botanik 4: 59-103. Kohlmeyer J. 1977. New genera and species of higher fungi from the deep sea (1615-5315 Katumoto K. and Hosagoudar V.B. 1989. m). Revue de Mycologie 41: 189-206. Supplement to Hansford's 'The Meliolineae Monograph'. Journal of Economic and Taxo- Krüger D. and Gargas A. 2004. The basidio- nomic Botany 13: 615-635. mycete genus Polyporus - an emendation based on phylogeny and putative secondary Kennedy L.L. 1958. The genus Dacrymyces. structure of ribosomal RNA molecules. Fed- Mycologia 50: 896-915. des Repertorium 115: 530-546. Kern F.D. 1919. North American rusts on Laessøe T., Rogers J.D. and Whalley A.J.S. Cyperus and Eleocharis. Mycologia 11: 134- 1989. Camillea, Jongiella and light-spored 147. species of Hypoxylon. Mycological Research Kern F.D. 1938. Additions to the Uredinales 93: 121-155. of Venezuela. Mycologia 30: 537-552. Lane L.C. and Shearer C.A. 1984. Helicomy- ces torquatus, a new Hyphomycete from Panama. Mycotaxon 19: 291-297.

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Lenné J.M. 1990. World list of fungal diseases Mains E.B. 1954. North American species of of tropical pasture species. Phytopathological Geoglossum and Trichoglossum. Mycologia Papers 31: 1-162. 46: 586-631. Liberta A.E. 1960. A taxonomic analysis of Mangan S.A. and Adler G.H. 1999. Consump- section Athele of the genus Corticium. I. Ge- tion of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by spiny nus Xenasma. Mycologia 52: 884-914. rats (Proechimys semispinosus) in eight iso- lated populations. Journal of Tropical Ecology Libonati-Barnes S.D. 1979. Filoboletus pro- 15: 779-790. pullulans, a new poroid agaric from Panamá. Mycotaxon 9: 232-238. Mangan S.A. and Adler G.H. 2000. Consump- tion of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by terres- Lindblad I. and Ryvarden L. 1999. Studies in trial and arboreal small mammals in a Pana- neotropical polypores 3. New and interesting manian cloud forest. Journal of Mammalogy Basidiomycetes (Poriales) from Costa Rica. 81: 563-570. Mycotaxon 71: 335-359. Mangan S.A., Eom A.-H., Adler G.H., Yavitt Lips K.R. 1999. Mass mortality and popula- J.B. and Herre E.A. 2004. Diversity of arbus- tion declines of Anurans at an upland site in cular mycorrhizal fungi across a fragmented Western Panama. Conservation Biology 13: forest in Panama: insular communities 117-125. differ from mainland communities. Oecologia Lips K.R., Green D.E. and Papendick R. 2003. 141: 687-700. Chytridiomycosis in wild frogs from Southern Maniotis J. and Strain J.W. 1968. Wiesnerio- Costa Rica. Journal of Herpetology 37: 215- myces javanicus from Panamanian soil. My- 218. cologia 60: 203-208. Liu L.-J. 1973. Incidence of Tar Spot Disease Marasas W.F.O., Rheeder J.P., Logrieco A., of Corn in Puerto Rico. Journal of Agriculture Van Wyk P.S. and Juba J.H. 1998. Fusarium of University of Puerto Rico 17: 211-216. nelsonii and F. musarum: two new species in Lowy B. 1971. Tremellales. Flora Neotropica section Arthrosporiella related to F. campto- Monograph No. 6. New York Botanical Gar- ceras. Mycologia 90: 505-513. den, New York, 153 pp. Martin G.W. 1936. Myxomycetes from Pa- Lowy B. 1976. New Tremellales from Pa- nama. Transactions of the American Micro- nama. Mycologia 68: 1103-1108. scopical Society 55: 277-523. Lowy B. 1980. Tremellales. Flora Neotropica Martin G.W. 1937. A new type of hetero- Monograph No. 6 (Supplement). New York basidiomycete. Journal of the Washington Botanical Garden, New York, 18 pp. Academy of Sciences 27: 112-114. Mains E.B. 1947. New and interesting species Martin G.W. 1938a. New or noteworthy fungi of Cordyceps. Mycologia 39: 535-545. from Panama and Colombia II. Mycologia 30: Mains E.B. 1950. Entomogenous species of 431-441. Akanthomyces, Hymenostilbe and Insecticola Martin G.W. 1938b. Additional myxomycetes in North America. Mycologia 42: 566-589. from Panama. University of Iowa Studies in Natural History 17: 347-350.

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Martin G.W. 1939a. New or noteworthy fungi Morris E.F. 1963a. Three Hansfordia-like from Panama and Colombia III. Mycologia 31: stilbellaceous genera. The American Midland 239-249. Naturalist 69: 99-105. Martin G.W. 1939b. The genus “Lycogalop- Morris E.F. 1963b. The synnematous genera sis”. Lilloa 4: 69-73 + plate I. of the Fungi Imperfecti. Western Illinois University, Series in the Biological Sciences Martin G.W. 1940. Some tropical american 3: 1-143. “Clavarias”. Lilloa 5: 191-199. Morris E.F. 1965. A new genus based on Martin G.W. 1942. New or noteworthy tropi- Isaria palmae. Mycologia 57: 483-485. cal fungi. II. Lloydia 5: 158-164. Morris E.F. 1967. Studies on the synnematous Martin G.W. 1944. New or noteworthy tropi- fungi imperfecti II. Mycopathologia Mycolo- cal fungi. III. Lloydia 7: 67-80. gia Applicada 32: 179-185. Martin, G.W. 1948. New or noteworthy tropi- Morris E.F. and Finley D.E. 1956. Tropical cal fungi. IV. Lloydia 11: 111-122. fungi imperfecti. Mycologia 48: 728-737. Martin G.W. 1954. A new species of Mueller U.G., Rehner S.A. and Schultz T.R. Scleroderma from Panama. Mycologia 46: 1998. The evolution of agriculture in ants. 527-529. Science 281: 2034-2038. Martin G.W. 1957. A new species of Licea Nag Raj T.R. 1993. Coelomycetous ana- from Panama. Mycologia 49: 439-440. morphs with appendage-bearing conidia. Mata J.L., Peterson R.H. and Hughes K.W. Mycologue Publ., Waterloo, Ontario, 1101 pp. 2001. The genus Lentinula in the Americas. Nakasone K.K., Burdsall Jr. H.H. and Lodge Mycologia 93: 1102-1112. D.J. 1998. Phanerochaete flava in Puerto Mata J.L., Halling R.E., Hughes K.W. and Rico. Mycologia 90: 132-135. Peterson R.H. 2004. Rhodocollybia in Nentwig W. 1985. Parasitic fungi as a mortal- neotropical montane forests. Mycological ity factor of spiders. Journal of Arachnology Progress 3: 337-351. 13: 272-274. McGuire J.U. and Crandall B.S. 1967. Survey Nirenberg H.I. and O'Donnell K. 1998. New of insect pests and plant diseases of selected Fusarium species and combinations within the food crops of Mexico, Central America and Gibberella fujikuroi species complex. My- Panama. International Agricultural Develop- cologia 90: 434-458. ment Service, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 157 pp. Nishida F.H. 1989. Review of mycological studies in the neotropics. In: Campbell D.G. Meyer S.L. 1949. Some Xylarias from Pa- and Hammond H.D. (eds), Floristic inventory nama. Mycologia 41: 91-92. of tropical countries: the status of plant sys- Miller A.N. and Huhndorf S.M. 2001. tematics, collections, and vegetation, plus Neotropical Ascomycetes 10. New and inter- recommendations for the future, pp 494-522. esting Cercophora species. Sydowia 53: 211- The New York Botanical Garden, New York. 226. Núñez G. M.P. 1997. Los Aphyllophorales de Morris E.F. 1955. A new genus of Dema- la isla de Coiba (Panamá). In: S. Castroviejo tiaceae. Mycologia 47: 602-605. (ed.): Flora y Fauna del Parque Nacional de

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Coiba (Panamá); Inventario preliminar, pp Hedwigia 70: 289-372. 179-190. AECI, Madrid. Piepenbring M. 2001. Smut fungi (Usti- Oberwinkler F. and Lowy B. 1981. Syzygo- laginomycetes and Microbotryales, Basidio- spora alba, a mycoparasitic heterobasidio- mycota) in Panama. Revista de Biologia mycete. Mycologia 73: 1108-1115. Tropical 49: 411-428. Ono Y. and Hennen J.F. 1983. Taxonomy of Piepenbring M. 2003. Smut fungi (Usti- the Chaconiaceous genera (Uredinales). Trans- laginomycetes p.p. and Microbotryales, actions of the Mycological Society of Japan Basidiomycota). Flora Neotropica Monograph 24: 369-402. 86. New York Botanical Garden, New York, 291 pp. Ovrebo C.L. and Lodge D.J. 2004. First re- cords of Hygrophoraceae from Panama includ- Piepenbring M. 2005. Sphaerophragmium ing two new species. Inoculum 55: 30. pulchrum, a new species of rust fungi from Panama. Mycological Progress 4: 161-166. Pando F. 1997. Catálogo preliminar de los Mixomicetes del Parque Nacional de Coiba Piepenbring M. 2006. Inventoring the fungi of (Panamá). In: S. Castroviejo (ed.): Flora y Panama. Biodiversity and Conservation (in Fauna del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Pana- press). má); Inventario preliminar, pp 191-204. AECI, Pitt J.I. 1979. The genus Penicillium and its Madrid. teleomorphic states Eupenicillium and Tala- Persmark L., Marban-Mendoza N. and Jans- romyces. Academic Press, London, New York, son H.-B. 1995. Nematophagous fungi from Toronto, Sydney, San Francisco, 634 pp. agricultural soils of Central America. Põldmaa K. and Samuels G.J. 1999. Aphyllo- Nematropica 25: 117-124. phoricolous species of Hypomyces with KOH- Petch T. 1932. Notes on entomogenous fungi. negative perithecia. Mycologia 91: 177-199. Transactions of the British Mycological Soci- Poonyth A.D., Hyde K.D., Aptroot A. and ety 16: 209-245. Peerally A. 2000. Mauritiana rhizophorae Peterson S.W. 2000a. Phylogenetic analysis of gen. et sp. nov. (Ascomycetes, Requienella- Penicillium species based on ITS and LSU- ceae), with a list of terrestrial saprobic man- rDNA nucleotid sequences. In: Samson R.A. grove fungi. Fungal Diversity 4: 101-116. and Pitt J.I. (eds.): Integration of modern Raja H.A., Ferrer A. and Shearer C.A. 2005. taxonomic methods for Penicillium and As- Aliquandostipite crystallinus, a new ascomy- pergillus classification, pp 163-178. Harwood cete species from submerged wood in Academic Publishers, Amsterdam. freshwater habitats. Mycotaxon 91: 207-215. Peterson S.W. 2000b. Phylogenetic relation- Ramachar P. and Cummins G.B. 1965. The ships in Aspergillus based on rDNA sequence species of Puccinia on the Paniceae. analysis. In: Samson R.A. and Pitt J.I. (eds.): Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicada 25: Integration of modern taxonomic methods for 7-60. Penicillium and Aspergillus classification, pp 323-355. Harwood Academic Publishers, Raper K.B. and Fennell D.I. 1948. New spe- Amsterdam. cies of Penicillium. Mycologia 40: 507-546. Piepenbring M. 2000. The species of Cintrac- Raper K.B. and Thom C. 1944. New Asper- tia s.l. (Ustilaginales, Basidiomycota). Nova gilli from soil. Mycologia 36: 555-575.

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Raper K.B., Thom C. and Fennel D.I. 1949. A Rogers J.D. 1981. Sarcoxylon and Entonaema manual of the penicillia. The Williams & (Xylariaceae). Mycologia 73: 28-61. Wilkins Company, Baltimore, 875 pp. Rogerson C.T. and Samuels G.J. 1993. Poly- Reid D.A. 1965. A monograph of the stipitate poricolous species of Hypomyces. Mycologia stereoid fungi. Beiheft Nova Hedwigia 18, 388 85: 231-272. pp. + XLVII plates. Rossman A.Y. 1977. The genus Ophionectria Reid D.A. 1976/1977. Some Gasteromycetes (Euascomycetes, Hypocreales). Mycologia 69: from Trinidad and Tobago. Kew Bulletin 31: 355-391. 657-690 + plates 22, 23. Rossman A.Y. 1985. A new species of Phylla- Reynolds D.R. 1982. Foliicolous ascomycetes: chora – forming concentric bands on living 4. The capnodiaceous genus Trichomerium leaves – “Sapi Garda”. Sydowia 38: 263-266. Spegazzini emend. Mycotaxon 14: 189-220. Roubik D.W. and Skelley P.E. 2001. Stenotar- Rintz R.E. 1974. A survey for diseases of sus subtilis Arrow, the aggregating fungus water hyacinth in the Panama canal zone. In: beetle of Barro Colorado Island Nature Aquatic weed control with plant pathogens, Monument, Panama (Coleoptera: Endomychi- Technical Report 8, pp G3-G5. Aquatic plant dae). Coleopterists Bulletin 55: 249-263. control program, US Army Engineer Water- Samson R.A., Stolk A.C. and Frisvad J.C. ways Experimental Station, National Techni- 1989. Two new synnematous species of Peni- cal Information Service, Vicksburg, Miss. cillium. Studies in Mycology 31: 133-143. Rodríguez M. and Minter D.W. 1998a. Meli- Samuels G.J. 1988. Fungicolous, licheno- ola mangiferae. IMI Descriptions of Fungi and colous, and myxomyceticolous species of Bacteria 1355. Hypocreopsis, Nectriopsis, Nectria, Peris- Rodríguez M. and Minter D.W. 1998b. Meli- tomialis, and Trichonectria. Memoirs of the ola trichostroma. INI Descriptions of Fungi New York Botanical Garden 48: 1-78. and Bacteria 1360. Samuels G.J. and Brayford D. 1994. Species Rodríguez M. and Minter D.W. 1999a. Ap- of Nectria (sensu lato) with red perithecia and pendiculella sororcula. IMI Descriptions of striate . Sydowia 46: 75-161. Fungi and Bacteria 1381. Samuels G.J. and Dumont K.P. 1982. The Rodríguez M. and Minter D.W. 1999b. genus Nectria (Hypocreaceae) in Panama. Irenopsis pteridicola. IMI, Descriptions of Caldasia 13: 379-423. Fungi and Bacteria 1382. Samuels G.J., Doi Y. and Rogerson C.T. Rodríguez M. and Minter D.W. 1999c. Meli- 1990. Hypocreales. Memoirs of the New York ola crucifera. IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Botanical Garden 59: 6-108. Bacteria 1384. Santesson R. 1952. Foliicolous lichens I, a Rodríguez M. and Minter D.W. 1999d. revision of the taxonomy of the obligately Meliola panici var. olyrae. IMI Descriptions foliicolous, lichenized fungi. Symbolae of Fungi and Bacteria 1386. Botanicae Upsalienses XII: 1-590. Rogers D.P. 1944. The genera Trechispora Schmitt J.P. and Shearer C.A. 2003. A check- and Galzinia (Thelephoraceae). Mycologia 36: list of mangrove-associated fungi, their geo- 70-103.

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graphical distribution and known host plants. Singer R. 1970. Omphalinae (Clitocybeae- Mycotaxon 85: 423-477. Tricholomataceae Basidiomycetes). Flora Seemann B.C. 1852-1857. The botany of the Neotropica Monograph No. 3. New York voyage of H. M. S. Herald. 10 parts. London, Botanical Garden, New York, 84 pp. Lovell Reeve. (cited acc. to Hawksworth Singer R. 1973. The genera Marasmiellus 2005) Crepidotus and Simocybe in the neotropics. Seifert K.A. 1990. Synnematous Hyphomy- Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 44: 1-517. cetes. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Singer R. 1976. Marasmieae (Basidiomycetes Garden 59: 109-154. – Tricholomataceae). Flora Neotropica Mono- Seifert K.A., Okada G. and Rao V. 1987. The graph No. 17. New York Botanical Garden, synnematous hyphomycete Dictyocatenulata New York, 347 pp. alba. Mycologia 79: 459-462. Singer R. 1982. Hydropus (Basidiomycetes – Shanor L. 1946. A previously undescribed Tricholomataceae – Myceneae). Flora fungus causing a leaf spot on bamboo. My- Neotropica Monograph No. 32. New York cologia 38: 331-338. Botanical Garden, New York, 153 pp. Shearer C.A. 1987. Helicoma chlamy- Singer R. 1989. New taxa and new combina- dosporum, a new hyphomycete from sub- tions of Agaricales (Diagnoses Fungorum merged wood in Panama. Mycologia 79: 468- Novorum Agaricalium IV). Fieldiana Botany 472. New Series 21: 1-133. Sherwood M.A. 1977a. The ostropalean fungi. Singer R., Araujo I. and Ivory M.H. 1983. The Mycotaxon 5: 1-277. ectotrophically mycorrhizal fungi of the neotropical lowlands, especially Central Ama- Sherwood M.A. 1977b. Taxonomic studies in zonia. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 77: 1-352. the Phacidiales: Propolis and Propolomyces. Mycotaxon 5: 320-330. Sivanesan A. 1984. The bitunicate Ascomy- cetes and their anamorphs. J. Cramer, Vaduz, Sherwood M.A. 1980. Taxonomic studies in 701 pp. the Phacidiales: the genus Coccomyces (). Occasional papers of the Solheim W.G. and Stevens F.L. 1931. Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany 15: Cercospora studies – II. Some tropical 1-120. Cercosporae. Mycologia 23: 365-405. Singer R. 1955. New and interesting species Spaulding P. 1961. Foreign diseases of forest of Basidiomycetes. IV. Mycologia 47: 763- trees of the world. Agriculture Handbook No. 777. 197, US Department of Agriculture, Washing- ton, 361 pp. Singer R. 1958. Studies toward a monograph of the South American species of Marasmius. Standley P.C. 1927. The flora of Barro Colo- Sydowia 12: 54-145. rado Island, Panama. Smithsonian Miscellane- ous Collection 78(8): 1-32. Singer R. 1964. Monographic studies on South American Basidiomycetes, especially Standley P.C. 1933. The flora of Barro Colo- those of the East slope of the Andes and Bra- rado Island, Panama. Harvard University, zil. 2. The genus Marasmius in South Amer- Contributions from the Arnold Arboretum 5, ica. Sydowia 18: 106-358. 178 pp.

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Stevens F.L. 1927a. Fungi from Costa Rica Thaxter R. 1908. VI. Contribution toward a and Panama. Illinois Biological Monographs monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. [Part II]. 11, No. 2: 1-103. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts Stevens F.L. 1927b. The Meliolineae. I. An- 13: 217-469 + pls. 28-71. nales Mycologici 25: 405-469 + II plates. Thaxter R. 1917. New Laboulbeniales, chiefly Stevens F.L. 1927c. New tropical fungi. My- dipterophilous American species. Proceedings cologia 19: 231-238 + plates 18-21. of the American Academy of Arts and Sci- ences 52: 647-721. Stevens F.L. 1928. The Meliolineae. II. Anna- les Mycologici 26: 165-384 + II plates. Thaxter R. 1926. IV. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Part IV. Stevens F.L. 1930. Parasitic fungi from Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts Panama. Annales Mycologici 28: 281-286. 15: 427-580. Suh S.-O., Marshall C.J., McHugh J.V. and Thaxter R. 1931. I. Contribution towards a Blackwell M. 2003. Wood ingestion by pas- monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Part V. salid beetles in the presence of xylose- Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts fermenting gut yeasts. Molecular Ecology 12: 16: 1-435. 3137-3145. Tibell L. 1996. Caliciales. Flora Neotropica Sutton B.C. 1980. The Coelomycetes. Fungi Monograph 69, New York Botanical Garden, Imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stro- New York, 78 pp. mata. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, CABI Publishing, Oxford, 696 pp. Toler R.W., Cuellar R. and Ferrer J.B. 1959. Preliminary survey of plant diseases in the Thaxter R. 1893. XX. – New species of La- Republic of Panama, 1955-1958. Plant Dis- boulbeniales from various localities. Proceed- ease Reporter 43: 1201-1203. ings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 28: 156-188. Toro R.A. 1930. Order V. – Perisporiales. In: Chardón C.E. and Toro R.A. (eds), Mycologi- Thaxter R. 1895. III. Contribution towards a cal explorations of Colombia, pp 233-240. monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. [Part I] The Journal of the Department of Agriculture Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts of Porto Rico 14: 195-369 + plates XXX- 12: 187-429. XXXV. Thaxter R. 1899. Preliminary diagnoses of Travers S.E., Gilbert G.S. and Perry E.F. new species of Laboulbeniaceae. – I. Proceed- 1998. The effect of rust infection on reproduc- ings of the American Academy of Arts and tion in a tropical tree (Faramea occidentalis). Sciences 35: 151-209. Biotropica 30: 438-443. Thaxter R. 1900. Preliminary diagnoses of Warkentin K.M., Currie C.R. and Rehner S.A. new species of Laboulbeniaceae. – II. 2001. Egg-killing fungus induces early hatch- Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts ing of red-eyed treefrog eggs. Ecology 82: and Sciences 35: 407-450. 2860-2869. Thaxter R. 1901. Preliminary diagnoses of Weinstein R.N., Pfister D.H. and Iturriaga T. new species of Laboulbeniaceae. – IV. Pro- 2002. A phylogenetic study of the genus ceedings of the American Academy of Arts Cookeina. Mycologia 94: 673-682. and Sciences 37: 19-45.

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Welden A.L. 1954a. Some Myxomycetes from Zuck R.K. and Diehl W.W. 1946. On fungal Panama and Costa Rica. Mycologia 46: 93-99. damage to sun-exposed cotton duck. American Journal of Botany 33: 374-382. Welden A.L. 1954b. Some tropical american stipitate stereums. Bulletin of the Torrey Zundel G.L. 1939. Additions and corrections Botanical Club 81: 422-439. to Ustilaginales. North American Flora 7: 971- 1045. Welden A.L. 1958. A contribution toward a monograph of Cotylidia (Thelephoraceae). Zundel G.L. 1953. The Ustilaginales of the Lloydia 21: 38-44. World. Contribution from the Department of Botany, Pennsylvania State College, School of Welden A.L. 1960. The genus Cymatoderma Agriculture 176, 410 pp. (Thelephoraceae) in the Americas. Mycologia 52: 856-876. Zycha H. and Siepmann R. 1969. Mucorales. Eine Beschreibung aller Gattungen und Arten Wells K. 1959. Studies of some Tremellaceae. dieser Pilzgruppe. Verlag von J. Cramer, III. The genus Bourdotia. Mycologia 51: 541- Lehre, Germany, 356 pp. 563.

Weston W.H. 1933. The fungi of Barro Colo- rado. Scientific Monthly 36: 387-407. Wheeler Q.D. 1980. Studies on neotropical slime mold/beetle relationships, part 1: Natu- ral history and description of a new species of Anisotoma from Panama (Coleoptera: Leiodi- dae). Proceedings of the Entomological Soci- ety of Washington 82: 493-498. Whetzel H.H. 1942. A new genus and new species of brown-spored inoperculate Disco- mycetes from Panama. Mycologia 34: 584- 591. Wirth R., Herz H., Ryel R.J., Beyschlag W. and Hölldobler B. 2003. Herbivory of leaf- cutting ants. A case study on Atta colombica in the tropical rainforest of Panama. Ecologi- cal Studies 164. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 230 pp. Yaguchi T., Someya A. and Udagawa S.-I. 1996. New and rare microfungi from the island of Hachijo-jima. Mycoscience 37: 157- 162. Zuck R.K. 1946. Claudopus variabilis on gray duck from shaded aerial exposure in Panama. Mycologia 38: 677-678.

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INDEX TO GENERA AND HIGHER TAXA Arrhytidia 149 OF FUNGI Arthonia 100 Arthoniales 100 Absidia 19 Arthoniomycetidae 100 Acaulopage 20 Arthrobotrys 72, 73 Acaulospora 21 Arthroderma 27 Achorella 22 Arthrosporium 73 Acremonium 71 Asbolisia 66 Acrospermaceae 65 Aschersonia 66 Acrostalagmus 71, 98 Ascobolus 43 Actinoplaca 119 Ascochyta 69 Aderkomyces 119 Ascocoryne 27 Aecidium 152 Ascodesmis 43 Aegerita 97 ASCOLICHENES 100 Agaricaceae 122 ASCOMYCOTA 4, 6, 22 Agaricales 4, 7, 121, 122 Ascophanus 43, 44 Agaricomycetidae 4, 121, 122 Ascopolyporus 46, 47 Albosynnema 71 Aspergillus 73, 74 Albugo 16 75 Aleuria 43 Aspidotheliaceae 119 Aleurina 43 Aspidothelium 119 Aliquandostipite 23 Asteridiella 32, 33, 34 Allomyces 18 Asterina 26 Alternaria 71, 72 Asterinaceae 4, 26 Alveolaria 152 Atelocauda 152 Amauroderma 134, 135 Athelia 133 Amazonia 31 Atheliaceae 133 Ampullifera 72 Athelopsis 133 Angiopsora 153, 154 Atractiellales 151 Anisomeridium 101 Attamyces 75 Antennariella 66 Aulaxina 119, 120 Antennospora 45 Aurantiosporium 151 Anthostomella 52, 57 Auricularia 146 Antrodia 136 Auriculariales 4, 146 Antrodiella 144 Aurificaria 129 Aphyllophorales 4, 7 Bacidina 103 Apiosphaeria 51 Bactridium 75 Apiospora 61 Badhamia 10 Apiosporaceae 61 Badimia 103, 104 Aporpium 146 Bagnisiopsis 51 Appendiculella 31, 32 Balansia 47 Aquascypha 137 Basidiodendron 146 Arcyria 14, 15 BASIDIOLICHENES 121 Armillaria 124 BASIDIOMYCOTA 4, 6, 122

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Batistospora 152 Caripia 137 Batrachochytrium 18 Catabotrys 45 Beauveria 75 Catacauma 51, 54, 55 Beenakia 133 Catenaria 18 Belonioscypha 127 Catillaria 104 Belonium 30 Cellypha 127 Belonopsis 28 Cephaliophora 76 Beltrania 75 Cephalosporium 71, 76 Bionectria 45, 46 Ceratiomyxa 8 Bionectriaceae 45 Ceratiomyxales 8 Bipolaris 75 Ceratobasidiales 4, 149 Biscogniauxia 57 Ceratobasidium 149 Blakeslea 19 Ceratocystis 51 Blastocladiales 18 Ceratostomataceae 46 Boletales 4, 128 Cercophora 76 Boliniales 4, 45 Cercospora 24, 75, 76, 77, 78, 87, 88, 91, 92, Bombardia 55 93, 94, 95 Boreostereaceae 134 Cerebella 78 Botryodiplodia 68 Cerion 30 Botryomonilia 75 Ceriporia 135, 136 Botryosphaeria 22, 23 Ceriporiopsis 136 Botrytis 75 Cerotelium 152 Bourdotia 134, 146, 147 Chaconia 152 Bovista 123 Chaetocalathus 124 Brefeldia 13 Chaetoceratostoma 56 Bremia 17 Chaetomium 55, 56 Bulgaria 28 Chaetoporellus 129 Byssolecania 104 Chaetosphaeria 56, 57 Byssoloma 104 Chaetothyriopsis 26 Caldariomyces 75 Chlorencoelia 28 Calenia 120 Chlorociboria 28 Calocera 149 Chlorosplenium 28 Caloderma 128 Choanephora 19 Calonectria 48, 50 Choanephorales 19 Calopadia 104 Chroodiscus 111 Calostilbella 75 Chrysonilia 78 Calvatia 123 Chytridiales 18 Calyptella 127 CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA 18 Camarosporium 66 Cienkowskia 12 Camillea 57, 58, 59 Ciliochorella 26 Canalisporium 76 Ciliospora 67 Capnocrinum 22 Cintractia 158, 159 Capnodiales 4, 22 Cionothrix 152 Capnodium 22 Cladia 104

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Cladina 104 Crepidotus 122 Cladobotryum 78 Cribraria 8, 9 Cladonia 105, 106 Cryptophiale 79 Cladosporium 78, 79, 87 Cryptospora 51 Cladotrichum 79 Cryptothecia 100 Clastoderma 8 Ctenomyces 27 Clathrus 133 Cunninghamella 19 Claudopus 123 Curvularia 79, 80 Clavaria 121, 122 Cyathus 126 Clavariaceae 122 Cyclomyces 129 Clavicipitaceae 46 Cylindrocarpon 80 Clavulinopsis 122 Cylindrocladium 48 Clitocybe 124 Cymatoderma 137 Clonostachys 79 Cyphellostereum 137 Coccocarpia 106, 109 Cytidia 134 Coccodiella 51 Dacrymyces 149, 150 Coccomyces 30, 31 Dacrymycetales 4, 149 Coccosporium 79 Dacryomitra 149, 150 Coccostroma 51 Dacryopinax 128, 150 Coelomycetes 66 Dactylella 80, 85 Coemansia 19 Dactylellina 80 Coenogonium 103 Dactylosporina 124 Coleosporium 153 Daldinia 58 Collaria 13 Darluca 68 Collema 106 Dasycyphella 29 Colletotrichum 67, 68 Dasyscyphus 28, 29, 30 Comatricha 13, 14 Dasyspora 153 Conidiobolus 19 Datronia 140 Conioscypha 79 Davincia 28 Cookeina 43 Delacroixia 19 Coprobia 43 Delitschia 25 Coprotus 43 Delortia 80 Corallomyces 49 Diachea 13 Cordana 79 Dialonectria 48, 49 Cordyceps 47 Diaporthales 4, 45 Coriolopsis 138, 139, 142 Diaporthe 45 Coriolus 143 Diatractium 45 Corticiaceae 134 Dicephalospora 28 Corticium 133, 134, 145 Dicheirinia 153 Cortinariaceae 122 Dichomitus 139 Coryne 28 Dichomyces 61, 64 Corynespora 79 Dichosporidium 100 Cotylidia 137 Dictydiaethalium 9 Craterium 10 Dictydium 8

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Dictyocatenulata 80 Entylomatales 4, 157 Dictyochora 160 Epibryon 26 Dictyonema 121 Eremothecella 100 Dictyophora 133 Erikssonia 51 Dictyosteliales 16 Erinella 28, 29 DICTYOSTELIOMYCETES 16 Erioderma 106 Dictyostelium 16 Erysiphales 4, 27 Diderma 10 Erysiphe 27 Didymella 25 Erysiphomycetidae 4, 27 Didymium 10, 11 Escovopsis 81 Didymosphaeria 25 Eucantharom61yces Dietelia 153 Eudarluca 68 Dimeriella 26, 103 Eurotiales 4, 27 Diplodia 23, 68, 71 Eurotiomycetidae 4, 27 Diplomitoporus 142 Exidia 147 Diplosporium 80 Exidiopsis 147, 148 Discomycetes 4 Farysia 159 Ditiola 150 Favolaschia 124 Diversisporales 21 Favolus 139 Doassansiopsis 158 Fellhanera 106 Domingoella 80 Filoboletus 127 Dothideales 4, 22 Flaviporus 144 Dothidella 23 Flavobathelium 103 Dothideomycetidae 4, 22 Flavodon 144 Dothidina 51 Fomes 130, 131, 134, 136, 139, 140, 141 Dothiorella 23 Fomitella 134 Drechmeria 80 Fomitopsidaceae 134 Drechslera 80, 81 Fomitopsis 134 Ductifera 147 Fuligo 11 Dysrhynchis 26 FUNGI 18 Earliella 139 FUNGI IMPERFECTI 6, 7, 66 Eballistra 158 Fusariella 81 Echinoplaca 120 Fusarium 48, 50, 81, 82 Echinosteliales 8 Ganoderma 135, 137 Echinostelium 8 Ganodermataceae 134 Elsinoë 24 Gasteromycetes 4, 7 Emericella 27 Geaster 132 Endococcus 6, 23 Geastraceae 132 Endophyllum 153 Geastrum 132, 133 Enteridium 9 Georgefischeriales 4, 158 Entolomataceae 123 Gibberella 48 Entomophthorales 19 Gibellula 82 Entonaema 58 Gliocladium 79, 82 Entyloma 157, 158 Gliomastix 82

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Gloeocercospora 82 Hexagonia 140 Gloeoporus 136 Hirneola 146 Gloeosporium 61, 67, 83 Hirschioporus 140 Glomerales 21 Hirsutella 84 Glomerella 61 Histeridomyces 62 Glomerellaceae 61 Hobsonia 84 GLOMEROMYCOTA 21 Hohenbuehelia 126 Glomus 21, 22 Hormisciella 84 Godronia 28 Hormodendrum 78 Gomphaceae 133 Humaria 44 Gomphillaceae 119 Humarina 84 Gongronella 19 Humicola 84 Gonytrichum 83 Hydnopolyporus 136 Grammotheleaceae 135 Hydropisphaera 46 Graphium 83 Hydropus 127, 128 Guepinia 150 Hygrocybe 128 Guignardia 23 Hygrophoropsidaceae 128 Gyalectales 103 Hygrophoropsis 128 Gyalectidium 120 Hymenochaetales 4, 129 Gymnopilus 123 Hymenochaete 129 Haddowia 135 HYMENOMYCETES 4, 122 Halosphaeriales 4, 45 Hymenomycetidae 4, 146 Hansfordiellopsis 83 Hymenostilbe 84 Hapalopilaceae 135 Hyphodontia 129 Haptocillium 83 Hyphomycetes 71 Harpographium 83 Hypocreaceae 47 Harposporium 83 Hypocreales 4, 45 Helicogloea 151 Hypolyssus 137 Helicoma 83 Hypomyces 47 Helicomina 94 Hypotrachyna 107 Helicomyces 83 Hypoxylon 57, 58, 59 Helicosporium 83 Ilytheomyces 62 Helminthosporium 75, 80, 81, 83, 84 Inonotus 129, 130 Helotiales 4, 27 Iodophanus 44 Helotium 28 Irene 31, 33 Hemitrichia 15 Irenina 32, 33, 34, 35, 38 Henningsomyces 127 Irenopsis 34, 35, 41 Herpomyces 61 Irpex 143 Herpomycetaceae 61 Isaria 84, 96 Hesperomyces 62 Isariopsis 91 Heterocephalum 84 Jahnulales 23 Heterochaete 148 Jola 158 Heterochaetella 148 Keratosphaera 23 Heterodermia 106, 107 Khuskia 85

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Kiehlia 26 Lymania 20 Kleidiomyces 62 Lyromma 101 Kretzschmaria 59, 60 Macrophoma 68 Laboulbenia 62, 63, 64 Macrophomina 68 Laboulbeniaceae 61 Marasmiaceae 124 Laboulbeniales 4, 61 Marasmiellus 124, 125 Lachnea 44 Marasmius 125, 126 Lachnocladium 145 Martinia 29 Lachnum 29 Martininia 29 Laestadia 55 Masoniella 85 Lamproderma 13 Mattirolella 69 Lamprospora 44 Mazosia 100, 101 Lanatonectria 48 Megasporoporia 141 Laschia 124 Melagospora 108 Lasiodiplodia 68 Melanographium 85 Lasioloma 107 Melanospora 46 Lateropeltis 26 Meliola 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, Lecanorales 103 43 Lecanoromycetidae 103 Meliolales 4, 6, 31 Lentinula 124 Meliolomycetidae 4, 31 Lentinus 140 Memnoniella 85 Lenzites 1490, 141 Meripilaceae 136 Leotiomycetidae 4, 27 Meruliaceae 136 Lepiota 122 Metarhizium 85 Leptogium 107, 108 Metatrichia 15 Leptopeltis 101 Microascales 4, 51 Leptosphaeria 25 Microbotryales 4, 151 Leptostromella 68 Microcyclus 23 Leptotrema 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118 Micropeltidaceae 4, 26 Leucoagaricus 122 Micropeltis 23 Leucocintractia 159 Microporellus 141 Leucocoprinus 122 Microtheliopsidaceae 101 LICHENES 6, 7 Microtheliopsis 101 Licea 9 Microthyriales 4, 23, 101 Liceales 8 Microxyphium 85 Linochora 68 Mimeomyces 64 Lobaria 109, 110 Mollisia 29 Loflammia 108 Monacrosporium 80, 85 Lopharia 136 Monilia 78, 85 Loweporus 141 Moniliophthora 85 Lycogala 9, 10 Monoblepharella 18 Lycogalopsis 123 Monoblepharidales 18 Lycoperdaceae 123 Monoicomyces 62 Lycoperdon 123 Monosporium 85

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Monotospora 86 Ophiotheca 16 Morchella 44 Orbilia 66 Morganella 124 Orbiliaceae 4, 66 Mucor 20 Orcadella 9 Mucorales 19 Oropogon 108 Multiclavula 121 Ostropales 4, 7, 65, 111 Musaespora 119 Oxyporus 130 Mycena 128 Pachykytospora 141 MYCELIA STERILIA 99 Pachytrichum 86 Mycobonia 134 Paecilomyces 86 Mycocalia 126 Panellus 128 Mycogone 86 Pannaria 108 Mycosphaerellales 4, 23 Paratricharia 120 Mycosphaerella 24, 25 Parmeliella 108 Mycosyrinx 159 Parmotrema 108 Mycovellosiella 86 Parmulariaceae 26 Myriangiales 4, 24 Parodiella 25 Myriotrema 111, 112, 113 Parodiopsidaceae 4, 26 Myrothecium 69 Parodiopsis 26 MYXOMYCOTA 6, 7, 8 Passalora 87, 88 Myxotrichaceae 65 Patinellaria 29 Myzocytium 17 Patouillardiella 88 Nectria 46, 48, 49, 50, 51 Patouillardina 148 Nectriaceae 48 Pellicularia 129, 134 Nectriopsis 46 Peltigera 110 Negeriella 86 Peltigerales 109 Neottiosporella 86 Penicillium 27, 89, 90, 91 Neovossia 158 Penzigia 59 Nidularia 126 Perenniporia 141 Nidulariaceae 126 Peresiopsis 26 Nigrofomes 141 Perichaena 15, 16 Nigroporus 143 Periconia 91 Nigrospora 85, 86 Peristomialis 46 Nomuraea 86 Peronosclerospora 18 Nummularia 57 Peronospora 17 Ocellularia 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117 Peronosporales 16 Odontia 144 Pertusaria 111 Oidium 86 Pertusariales 111 Olivea 153 Pestalotia 69 Onygenales 4, 27 Pestalotiopsis 69 Oomyces 65 Peyritschiella 64 OOMYCOTA 16 Peziza 44 Opegrapha 101 Pezizales 4, 43 Ophiodothella 51 Pezizomycetidae 4, 43

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Phaeoisaria 91 Platygloea 158 Phaeoisariopsis 91 Platygloeales 4, 158 Phaeopeltosphaeria 23 Plectomycetes 4 Phaeoramularia 92 Pleospora 25 Phaeosphaeriaceae 25 Pleosporales 4, 25 Phaeotrema 113, 115 Pleurocollybia 128 Phakopsora 153 Pleurotaceae 126 Phallaceae 133 Pluteaceae 126 Phallales 4, 132 Pluteus 126 Phallus 133 Podonectria 25 Phanerochaetaceae 136 Podoscypha 137, 138 Phanerochaete 137 Podoscyphaceae 137 Phellinus 130, 131, 132, 139 Podospora 57 Phialophora 91 Podosporium 97 Phillipsia 44 Podoxyphium 70 Phlebiella 145 Polyporaceae 138 Phleogena 151 Polyporales 4, 7, 121, 133 Phoma 69 Polyporus 127, 131, 135, 136, 139, 140, 141, Phomopsis 69, 70 142, 143, 144 Phragmidiella 154 Polystictus 130, 132, 139, 140, 142, 143 Phycomyces 20 Polystigma 55 Phylacia 59 Poria 136, 139, 142, 143 Phyllachora 25, 52, 53, 54, 55 Porina 71, 102, 118, 119 Phyllachorales 4, 6, 51 Porogramme 135 Phyllobatheliaceae 101 Porosphaerella 57 Phyllobathelium 101 Porostereum 137 Phyllophiale 118 Proliferodiscus 30 Phylloporia 130, 132 Propoliopsis 65 Phyllopsora 108, 109 Propolis 31 Phyllosticta 70 Protohydnum 148 Phyllostictina 70 Protomerulius 146 Physalacria 126 Pseudobotrytis 57 Physalospora 23, 55 Pseudocercospora 24, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 Physarales 10 Pseudocyphellaria 110 Physarella 11 Pseudogymnoascus 65 Physarum 11, 12, 13 Pseudohelotium 30 Physoderma 18 Pseudohiatula 128 Physopella 154 Pseudohydnum 150 Phytophthora 17 Pseudoperisporiaceae 4, 26 Pichia 44 Pseudoperonospora 17 Pileolaria 152 Pseudothis 45 Pilobolus 20 Pseudovalsa 45 Pithomyces 91 Psilocybe 127 Placonema 91 Puccinia 154, 155, 156

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Pucciniopsis 74 Scleroderma 129 Pucciniosira 156 Sclerodermataceae 128 Pulvinula 44 Sclerospora 18 Pycnoporus 142 Sclerosporales 18 Pycnostysanus 95, 96 Sclerotinia 30 Pyrenochaeta 70 Sclerotium 135 Pyrenomycetes 4 Scolecopeltidium 23 Pyrenula 101 Scolecostigmina 95 Pyrenulales 101 Scutellinia 44 Pyricularia 95 Scutellospora 21 Pythiales 17 Sebacina 134, 146,147, 148 Pythium 18 Septobasidiales 4, 151 Raciborskiella 102 Septobasidium 6, 151, 152 Ragnhildiana 88 Septonema 95 Ramaria 133 Septoria 76, 71 Ramariaceae 133 Shanoria 26 Ravenelia 156 Shropshiria 95 Relicina 109 Simocybe 123 Reticularia 9 Sistotrema 144 Rhinotrichum 99 Sistotremataceae 144 Rhizoctonia 99 Skeletocutis 142 Rhizomorpha 99 smut fungi 4, 7 Rhizopus 20 Solenia 127 Rhodocollybia 126 Solheimia 95 Rhynchosporium 95 Sordaria 57 Rhytismatales 4, 7, 30 Sordariales 4, 55 Rickia 64 Sordariomycetidae 4, 45 Rigidoporus 136, 138 Sorocybe 95 Rosellinia 59 Spadicoides 95 Rubrinectria 51 Sphaceloma 24, 71 Russula 145 Sphacelotheca 151, 159 Russulales 4, 145 Sphaerodothis 54 rusts 4 Sphaerophorus 109 Saccharomycetales 44 Sphaerophragmium 156 Saccharomycetidae 44 Sphaerostilbe 49 Saccobolus 44 Sphaleromyces 64 Saksenaea 20 Sphenospora 156 Scenomyces 70 Spicaria 86 Schizophyllaceae 127 Spiculostilbella 96 Schizophyllum 127 Spondylocladium 95 Schizopora 132 Sporidesmium 96 Schizothecium 57 Sporisorium 159 Schizotrichella 70 Sporomiella 25 Sclerocystis 21 Sporopodium 109

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Sporormia 25 Thelotrema 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, Stachybotrys 96 117, 118 Stachylidium 98 Thielavia 57 Stagonospora 71 Thielaviopsis 97 Staheliomyces 133 Thyronectria 50 Stecchericium 145 Tilletia 158 Steccherinaceae 144 Tilletiales 158 Stemmatomyces 64 Tinctoporellus 143 Stemonitales 13 Tompetchia 97 Stemonitis 13, 14 Torrubiella 47 Stemonitopsis 14 Torula 97 Stemphylium 98 Trabutia 55 Stenella 96 Trabutiella 52 Stenocarpella 71 Trametes 139, 140, 141, 143 Stereocaulon 109 Tranzscheliella 160 Stereopsis 138 Trechispora 144 Stereum 137, 138, 145 Tremella 150, 151 Stevensomyces 96 Tremellales 4, 6, 150 Sticta 110 Tremellomycetidae 4, 150 Stictis 65 Tretophragmia 97 Stigmatomyces 65 Trichaptum 141, 143, 144 Stilbella 96 Tricharia 119, 120, 121 Stipitochaete 132 Trichia 16 Strigula 102 Trichiales 14 Strigulaceae 102 Trichocintractia 160 Stromatographium 96 Trichocladium 97 Strophariaceae 127 Trichocoma 27 Strossmayeria 30 Trichoderma 97 Stylopage 20 Trichoglossum 30 Stypella 148 Tricholomataceae 127 Stysanus 96 Trichomerium 22 Symphytocarpus 14 Trichophyton 97 Syncephalastrum 20 Trichosphaeria 97 Synchytrium 18 Trichosporium 97 Syzygospora 150 Trichothecium 98 Talaromyces 27 Trichotheliales 118 Tapellaria 109 Trichothelium 118, 119 Telimena 55 Tripospermum 98 Telimenella 55 Tubeufia 25 Teloschistes 116 Tubifera 10 Tetracoccosporium 97 Tulasnella 150 Tharoopama 97 Tulasnellales 4, 150 Thecaphora 159 Tylophoron 109 Thelephora 138 Typhula 128

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Typhulaceae 128 INDEX TO SPECIES AND VARIETIES Tyromyces 144 DESCRIBED AS NEW FROM PANAMA Ulocladium 98 Umbellula 57 Achorella attaleae 22 Umbilicaria 109 Albosynnema elegans 71 Uraecium 156 Aleurina stipitata 43 Uredinales 4, 6, 152 Amazonia corozalensis 31 UREDINIOMYCETES 4, 151 Appendiculella tonkinensis var. cecropiae 31 Uredo 155, 156 Appendiculella vernoniae 31 Urocystales 4, 158 Asbolisia ficina 66 Uromyces 157 Ascopolyporus philodendrus 46 Usnea 104, 109 Aspergillus janus 73 Ustilaginales 4, 6, 7, 158 Aspergillus panamaensis 74 Ustilaginoidea 98 Asteridiella colubrinae 32 USTILAGINOMYCETES 4, 157 Asteridiella combreti 32 Ustilago 159, 160 Asteridiella costi 32 Uvarispora 98 Asteridiella doliocarpi 32 Valsella 45 Asteridiella glabra var. isertiae 32 Vararia 145 Asteridiella longipedicellata var. major 33 Veligaster 129 Asteridiella meibomiae 33 Verticillium 83, 98 Asteridiella obscura 33 Virgatospora 50 Asteridiella olmediae 33 Vouauxiella 71 Asterina killipii 26 Vrikshopama 98 Atelocauda incrustans 152 Westerdykella 98 Belonopsis aciculispora 28 Wiesneriomyces 98 Botryomonilia scheelea 75 Willkommlangea 13 Bourdotia obscura 147 Woessia 109 Calonectria rumohrae 48 Wolfiporia 134 Wrightoporia 146 Calyptella pulcherrima 127 Xenasma 145 Canalisporium panamense 76 Xenasmataceae 145 Catacauma zanthoxyli 51 Xerula 124 Catillaria usneicola 104 Xylaria 28, 49, 58, 59, 60, 61 Cellypha panamensis 127 Xylariaceae 29, 49, 50 Ceratiomyxa morchella 8 Xylariales 4, 6, 57 Chaetocalathus eurysporus 124 Xylosphaera 59, 60, 61 Chaetomium cupreum 56 Yamamotoa 26 Chaetomium longicolleum 56 Zoopagales 20 Chaetosphaeria minuta 56 ZYGOMYCOTA 19 Chaetosphaeria panamensis 56 Zygosporium 99 Chaetothyriopsis panamensis 26 Cladonia scholanderi 105 Coccomyces palmicola 31

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Cordyceps salebrosa 47 Licea tuberculata 9 Corynespora elaeidicola var. Linochora polyadelpha 68 cercosporioides 79 Macrophoma pernettyae 68 Crepidotus martinii 122 Marasmiellus echinocephalus 125 Dacrymyces enatus var. macrosporus 149 Marasmiellus panamensis 125 Dacrymyces falcatus 149 Marasmius euosmus 125 Dictyochora paspali 160 Marasmius haematocephalus var. Didymium verrucosporum 11 pseudotageticolor 125 Ductifera aurea 147 Marasmius panamensis 125 Elsinoë rhynchosiae 24 Marasmius polycladoides 125 Emericella variecolor 27 Marasmius pseudominutus 125 Endococcus hymeniicola 23 Marasmius sessiliaffinis 126 Entonaema pallida 58 Martininia panamensis 29 Eucantharomyces euprocti 61 Meliola alibertiae 35 Exidia panamensis 147 Meliola amerimni 35 Favolaschia dealbata 124 Meliola angustispora 36 Fusarium musarum 81 Meliola annonae 36 Guignardia pleurothallis 23 Meliola aristolochiicola 36 Helicogloea aurea 151 Meliola arrabidaeae 36 Helicoma chlamydosporum 83 Meliola arrabidaeae var. irregularis 36 Helicomyces torquatus 83 Meliola banarae 36 Heterochaete subgelatinosa 148 Meliola bignoniacearum 36 Histeridomyces acriti 62 Meliola burseracearum 36 Hohenbuehelia nigra var. microspora 126 Meliola chagres 37 Hydropus chiriquiensis 127 Meliola cissi-rhombifoliae 37 Hydropus panamensis 128 Meliola clavulata var. batatae 37 Hygrophoropsis panamensis 128 Meliola connari var. panamensis 37 Hymenochaete digitata 129 Meliola crenata var. bunchosiae 37 Ilytheomyces major 62 Meliola cristata 38 Ilytheomyces panamensis 62 Meliola culebrensis 38 Irenopsis conostegiae 34 Meliola cydistae 38 Irenopsis shropshiriana 35 Meliola diphysae 38 Kleidiomyces furcillatus 62 Meliola duggenae 38 Laboulbenia anchonoderi 62 Meliola duggenae var. panamensis 38 Laboulbenia chiriquensis 63 Meliola elaeis 38 Laboulbenia colpodis 63 Meliola heliconiae 39 Laboulbenia coptoderae 63 Meliola hippomaneae 39 Laboulbenia crispata 63 Meliola inconspicua 39 Laboulbenia drepanalis 63 Meliola lonchocarpicola 39 Laboulbenia fallax 63 Meliola longistipitata 39 Laboulbenia minima 64 Meliola mandevillae 39 Leptostromella andropogonis 68 Meliola mandingensis 39 Leucoagaricus bivelatus 122 Meliola melanococcae 40

188 Piepenbring, Meike / Checklist of Fungi in Panama

Meliola morowii 40 Penicillium sphaerum 27 Meliola panamensis 40 Pestalotia gaultheriae 69 Meliola paulliniae var. dentata 41 Peyritschiella lampropygi 64 Meliola protii 41 Phaeoisariopsis cercosporoides 91 Meliola sapindi 41 Phyllachora concentrica 52 Meliola serjaniae var. dentata 41 Phyllachora davillae 52 Meliola tounateae 42 Phyllachora juruensis var. minima 53 Meliola variaseta 42 Phyllachora panamensis 54 Meliola vignae-gracilis var. panamensis 42 Phyllachora serjaniicola 54 Meliola wardii 42 Phyllachora stevensii 54 Meliola wardii var. minor 42 Physalacria aggregata 126 Meliola xylopiae 42 Platygloea decipiens 158 Meliola xylosmae 43 Pleospora panamensis 25 Meliola zetekii 43 Pleurocollybia apoda 128 Mimeomyces atropurpureus 64 Pluteus glutinosus 126 Mimeomyces chiriquensis 64 Pseudocercospora costi 92 Mycosphaerella cattleyae 24 Pseudovalsa tropicalis 45 Mycosphaerella erythrinae 24 Pyrenula hirsuta 101 Myriotrema barroensis 111 Pyrenula luteopruinosa 101 Myriotrema congestum 111 Ravenelia entadae 156 Myriotrema dactyliferum 111 Rhodocollybia lignitilis 126 Myriotrema maximum 112 Russula panamae 145 Myriotrema minutulum 112 Scenomyces perplexans 70 Myriotrema protocetraricum 112 Schizotrichella lunata 70 Myriotrema pulverulentum 112 Septobasidium westoni 152 Myriotrema subwrightii 113 Shropshiria chusqueae 95 Myriotrema uniseptatum 113 Simocybe panamensis 123 Myriotrema vulcani 113 Solheimia costispora 95 Negeriella panamensis 86 Sphaerophragmium pulchrum 156 Ocellularia aurulenta 113 Spiculostilbella dendritica 96 Ocellularia bullata 114 Sporisorium panamense 159 Ocellularia chiriquiensis 114 Stemmatomyces panamensis 64 Ocellularia dactyliza 114 Stevensomyces palmae 96 Ocellularia decolorata 114 Stigmatomyces caribbeus 65 Ocellularia isidiifera 115 Strossmayeria notabilis 30 Ocellularia landronii 115 Strossmayeria sordida 30 Ocellularia panamensis 115 Syzygospora alba 150 Ocellularia ripleyi 116 Thelotrema dissutum 117 Ocellularia subpraestans 116 Thelotrema esslingeri 117 Ocellularia viridis 116 Thelotrema hiatum 117 Ophiodothella panamensis 51 Thelotrema hypoprotocetraricum 117 Penicillium capsulatum 89 Thelotrema neei 117 Penicillium panamense 90 Thelotrema pseudoschizostomum 117

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Thelotrema refertum 117 Thelotrema stellatum 117 Torrubiella piperis 47 Tremella subrubiginosa 151 Tricharia microcarpa 121 Tulasnella sphaerospora 150 Uredo panamensis 156 Uredo tuitei 156 Uvarispora lignicola 98 Virgatospora echinofibrosa 50 Xenasma macrosporum 145 Yamamotoa carludovicae 26

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