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Performance Characterization 1999 Toyota RAV4 EV

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Performance Characterization 1999 Toyota RAV4 EV PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION 1999 TOYOTA RAV4 EV – CONDUCTIVE Panasonic NiMH Battery ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION DIVISION Report prepared by: Alvaro Mendoza Juan Argueta January 2000 DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITIES THIS REPORT WAS PREPARED BY THE ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION DIVISION OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON, A SUBSIDIARY OF EDISON INTERNATIONAL. NEITHER THE ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION DIVISION OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON, EDISON INTERNATIONAL, NOR ANY PERSON WORKING FOR OR ON BEHALF OF ANY OF THEM MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, (I) WITH RESPECT TO THE USE OF ANY INFORMATION, PRODUCT, PROCESS OR PROCEDURE DISCUSSED IN THIS REPORT, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR (II) THAT SUCH USE DOES NOT INFRINGE UPON OR INTERFERE WITH RIGHTS OF OTHERS, INCLUDING ANOTHER’S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OR (III) THAT THIS REPORT IS SUITABLE TO ANY PARTICULAR USER’S CIRCUMSTANCE. NEITHER THE ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION DIVISION OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON, EDISON INTERNATIONAL, NOR ANY PERSON WORKING ON BEHALF OF ANY OF THEM ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM YOUR SELECTION OR USE OF THIS REPORT OR ANY INFORMATION, PRODUCT, PROCESS OR PROCEDURE DISCLOSED IN THIS REPORT. PURPOSE The purpose of SCE’s evaluation of electric vehicles (EVs), EV chargers, batteries, and related items is to support their safe and efficient use and to minimize potential utility system impacts. The following facts support this purpose: · As a fleet operator and an electric utility, SCE uses EVs to conduct its business. · SCE must evaluate EVs, batteries, and charging equipment in order to make informed purchase decisions. · SCE must determine if there is any safety issues with EV equipment and their usage. · SCE has a responsibility to educate and advise its customers about the efficient and safe operation of EVs. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 II. MANUFACTURERER’S SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................... 2 III. DEVIATIONS FROM THE SCE ELECTRIC VEHICLE TEST PROCEDURE..................................... 3 VI. RESULTS ................................................................................................................................................... 3 A. NAMEPLATE DATA COLLECTION .............................................................................................. 3 B. WEIGHT CERTIFICATION............................................................................................................. 3 C. RANGE TESTS................................................................................................................................... 4 C1. URBAN RANGE TESTS............................................................................................................ 4 C2. FREEWAY RANGE TESTS...................................................................................................... 6 D. STATE OF CHARGE (SOC) METER EVALUATION.................................................................... 7 D1. DRIVING STATE OF CHARGE (SOC) METER EVALUATION......................................... 7 D2. CHARGING STATE OF CHARGE METER EVALUATION................................................ 8 E. ACCELERATION, BRAKING AND MAXIMUM SPEED TESTS.................................................. 8 F. CHARGER PERFORMANCE / PROFILE TEST .......................................................................... 10 F1. CHARGER PERFORMANCE / PROFILE TEST AT EV TECH CENTER......................... 10 1. CHARGING PROFILE WITH EQUALIZATION ........................................................ 11 2. ONE-STEP CHARGING PROFILE............................................................................... 11 F2. CHARGER PERFORMANCE AT RESIDENCE................................................................... 12 G. SOUND LEVEL TESTS ................................................................................................................... 13 G1. URBAN SOUND LEVEL TEST .............................................................................................. 13 G2. FREEWAY SOUND LEVEL TEST ........................................................................................ 13 V. DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................................................... 14 A. WEIGHT CERTIFICATION........................................................................................................... 14 B. RANGE TESTS................................................................................................................................. 15 B1. URBAN RANGE TESTS.......................................................................................................... 16 B2. FREEWAY RANGE TEST...................................................................................................... 17 C. STATE OF CHARGE METER EVALUATION ............................................................................. 18 C1. DRIVING................................................................................................................................... 19 C2. CHARGING .............................................................................................................................. 19 D. ACCELERATION, BRAKING, AND MAXIMUM SPEED TESTS............................................... 20 E. CHARGER PERFORMANCE / PROFILE TEST .......................................................................... 21 E1. CHARGER PERFORMANCE AT THE EV TECH CENTER............................................... 22 E2. CHARGER PERFORMANCE TEST AT RESIDENCE ........................................................ 23 F. SOUND LEVEL TESTS ................................................................................................................... 24 APPENDIX A VEHICLE MANUFACTURER’S FACT SHEET................................................................... 25 APPENDIX B BATTERY MANUFACTURER’S FACT SHEET .................................................................. 28 APPENDIX C EQUIPMENT LIST AND NAMEPLATE DATA.................................................................... 31 APPENDIX D RANGE TEST DATA SHEETS............................................................................................... 35 APPENDIX E ACCELERATION, BRAKING AND MAXIMUM SPEED TEST DATA.............................. 54 APPENDIX F CHARGER TESTING / ANALYSIS DATA SHEET.............................................................. 56 APPENDIX G CHARGER PROFILE TEST GRAPHICAL DATA - EVTC ................................................. 58 APPENDIX H CHARGER PROFILE TEST GRAPHICAL DATA – RESIDENTIAL ................................. 66 APPENDIX I SCE ELECTRIC VEHICLE TEST PROCEDURE ................................................................ 73 I. INTRODUCTION The tests documented in this report characterize the performance of a 1999 Toyota RAV4 electric vehicle (SCE vehicle # 24551) equipped with Panasonic Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries and conductive charging. The tests performed were: weight certification, range, state of charge meter evaluation, sound level, acceleration, maximum speed, braking, power quality evaluation, and charger performance. This report will also compare the Toyota RAV4 EV 1998 and 1999 models with conductive charging. The comparison is based on results of the April 1998 testing of the 1998 model (SCE vehicle # 23821), and the results of the August 1999 testing of the 1999 model. A second 1998 model vehicle (SCE vehicle # 24191) tested in December 1999, was used to compare results of acceleration, braking and maximum speed testing (page 8). Although this report includes a comparison between the two model years, more emphasis will be given to the 1999 model throughout the report. Testing of both the 1998 and 1999 conductive RAV4 EVs was performed at the Electric Vehicle Technical Center (EV Tech Center), on the Urban and Freeway Pomona Loops, and the Pomona Raceway in Pomona, California. For detailed procedures used for the testing, please refer to the SCE Electric Vehicle Test Procedure in Appendix I, page 73. 1 II. MANUFACTURER’S SPECIFICATIONS Vehicle Make: Toyota Model: 1999 RAV4 EV (Conductive) Range: 130 miles city, 106 highway, 118 combined city and highway Maximum Speed: 79 mph (governed) Motor Type: Permanent Magnet Maximum Power: 50 kW (67 hp) (3100-4600 rpm) Maximum Torque: 190 N-m (0-1500 rpm) Transaxle: Single speed, front wheel drive Traction Battery Type: Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Manufacturer: Panasonic Model: MHB-100 Capacity: 95 Ah (5-hour rate) Number of Modules: 24 Nominal Pack Voltage: 288 V Battery Pack Weight: 910 lb Curb Weight: 3500 lb GVWR: 4266 lb Payload: 825 lb Dimensions Length: 156.7 in. Width: 66.7 in. Height: 65.9 in. Wheelbase: 94.9 in. 2 III. DEVIATIONS FROM THE SCE ELECTRIC VEHICLE TEST PROCEDURE 1. The battery capacity test was not performed. 2. The charger sound level test was not performed. IV. RESULTS A. Nameplate Data Collection Please Refer to Appendix C on page 31, for the vehicle test Equipment List and Nameplate Data sheet, which records all applicable nameplate data, serial numbers, and ratings of the tested vehicles. B. Weight Certification
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