Major Ev Political Victory Ab 71 Passes Into California Law

Electric Auto Association CURRENT EVENTS ! August-September'99 Promoting the use of electric vehicles since 1967 Vol. 31 No. 8&9 MAJOR EV POLITICAL VICTORY AB 71 PASSES INTO CALIFORNIA LAW

n a day and age when CARB has backed apply to the DMV who will issue the decals. industry. Vehicles such as the Corbin Spar- down on it’s California mandates and row looked as if they had the potential to I Honda wants to move to gas powered Side Effects hold a monopoly on single passenger, fully hybrids victories seem far and few between. enclosed, diamond lane commute vehicles. Overlooked by most people are the possible But by any measurement public law AB 71 Now with AB 71 the type and weight of adverse effects on the fledgeling CycleCar represents a major political victory for the vehicles possible is wide open. The new EV movement. Called by some the diamond diamond lane law will also put a premium lane law, AB 71 will allow electrics and on performance. Diamond lanes are high ULEVs the right to run in the diamond lanes speed lanes, any electrics designed for them of California with only one passenger. Many must have good acceleration and the ability predict that AB 71 will provide the critical to sustain freeway cruse for many miles. additional incentive for new car buyers and This performance criteria will leave out users to go electric. Anyone who commutes many older home built conversions, it will at rush hour on our urban freeway system also put a premium on aerodynamic design. understands the power behind AB 71. In the view of many people now, the key to pro- New Goals moting EVs in California is in the use of AB All said and done, this is our chance to make 71 in marketing. a great advancement in our movement. As it’s always been, our job is to demonstrate Seven Year Incentive in practice that EVs work in the real world. This incentive will be available from July 1, Now the high speed electric is to become our 2000 through 2007. The California High- new focus. Every time we race past frus- way Patrol will develop distinctive decals or trated commuters, parked in their gas cars at labels so the vehicles can be identified by rush hour, we send a message that no law enforcement and the motoring public. amount of advertising can buy, that EVs are EV owners and prospective owners that the way to GO! wish to take advantage of this incentive will

Continued on page 14

Current.piz.p65 1 3/25/00, 11:00 AM IN THIS ISSUE CE STAFF Editor In This Issue Clare Bell E-mail: [email protected] An overwhelming advantage over the gasoline powered car is what many of use Tele: (510) 864-9293 Fax: (510) 864-9293 1 have been working toward. Now with the passage of AB 71, we have been handed 2701 Monarch Street, Hanger 20, Suite 136 the tools that give use this advantage in urban areas. This month CE prints the Alameda, California 94501 complete law in it’s entirety. News In Brief A major financial institution in a EV friendly community spends $14,000.00 on Ruth Shipley 4 a charging station and still leaves out standard outlets. “EVangel” Bruce Parmenter reports on the Alameda charging station unveiling and advises EV CE Reporters/Contributors activists how to take action. Kurt Bohan, Lee Hemstreet, Bruce Parmenter, Terry Wilson, John Mattingly Conductive charging is a lower cost preferred approach in the view of most EV 5 activists. This month Bruce Parmenter reviews the use of EVI systems and the Photo credits: importance of making available standard outlets with their installation. Kurt Bohan, Bruce Parmenter, Terry Wilson There’s a saying that you can’t see into the future without understanding the past. 8 In the spirit of this old adage Terry Wilson gives his historians report, giving Calendar of Events credit to those who have helped the growing history movement in the EAA. Anna Cornell

As most of use know you can’t get two engineers into a room without getting more Advertising Manager 9 than one point of view. In response to our June/July article by Fred Miekka on Roy Kaylor AC and DC electric motors, John Mattingly gives a beautiful alternate view of E-mail: [email protected] Tele: (831) 338-2200 Fax: (510) 864-9293 how to describe the difference between AC and DC traction motors. 1918 Menalto Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 The Silicon Valley Rally, historically the biggest and the best, comes through 10 again. This year CE makes it’s first coverage of this grand event with a photo Production/Publishing essay. Nineteen photo ops., giving you a “you are there” view of the event. Graphic Design/Schedule Editor News in Brief - Five more pages of the most interesting news releases we could Kurt Bohan E-mail: [email protected] find. 20 Tele: (510) 814-1864 or (510) 864-9293 Fax: (510) 864-9293 Member Want Ads - Why lease an expensive new EV when you can find a real EAA News, 29 bargain through our want ads? 2701 Monarch Street, Hangar 20, Suite 136 Alameda, California 94501 CALL FOR BOARD MEMBER NOMINATIONS Article Submissions It’s election time again and the EAA is looking for volunteers to serve on it’s The deadline for articles is the 25th of each board of directors. If you think you would enjoy working on the board why not be month for the next issue of CE. Articles placed on the EAA national ballot ? Nominations should be sent to: received after this date will be retained for future issues Scott Cornell or E-mail: Scott Cornell at of CE. Contact the editor for more informa- EAA Election Committee [email protected] tion. P.O. Box 6661 - or - Concord, CA 94524 [email protected] Advertisements A full advertisers information package and Rate Sheet can be sent by U.S. Mail, Fax or PHOTO CREDIT - COVER E-mail. Please contact advertising manager or CE staff A Corbin Sparrow, ready to compete for the diamond lane. for details. COPYRIGHT 1999 c Current EVents is a publication of the Electric Auto Association. All rightsNational EAA reserved. While Current EVents and the Electric Auto Association strive for clarity and www.eaaev.org accuracy,Tony Cygan [email protected] we assume no responsibility for usage of this information. Permission to copy for other than commercial use is given, provided that full credit is given to originator of material copied. Membership/Address Changes This permission does not extend to reprinted articles. Electric Auto Association Page 2 CurrentP.O. Box EV ents6661, / Concord,August-September CA 94524 '99

Current.piz.p65 2 3/25/00, 11:01 AM FEEDBACK Letters to the Editor

Dear Editor: reformer is not as mature a technology as the mation” view tends to de-value the act of methanol reformer. For the company that is creating original technical information. That It is sometimes suggested that gasoline looking for a sure technical bet to put on the may be ok if all inventions occur acciden- fuel cells will permit us to move to fuel cells road today, methanol fuel cells are the tech- tally, but it tends to discourage individuals more quickly than methanol fuel cells, and nology of choice. As far as the problem of from investing their life in creative endeav- that it is a good vehicle for the transition setting up a methanol infrastructure, many ors. while building the hydrogen or methanol major players in the field today do not see Also on page 1, An Arizona legislator infrastructure required. What do you say to this as the biggest problem. However things is quoted as comparing EV progress to the this argument? It is also suggested that there work out, gasoline fuel cell technology will calculator, computer, VCR, etc. I find this will be less carbon dioxide per mile because have no chance at all until we see cost amusing, because none of these fast-growing of an efficiency greater than that of the effective working prototypes on the streets in product lines had to compete directly against internal combustion engine. Finally, it is fair numbers. Up until this time, this has pre-existing products which super-ficially suggested that the sulphur and nitrous ox- not been the case. - KB seemed the same to the typical consumer. ides and particulate matter pollution would Selling EV’s to a public accustomed to 300 be much less with gasoline fuel cells than miles between 5-minute fillups is a with the internal combustion engine and a Dear Editor: far greater challenge than convincing ev- swifter transition available through the gaso- The DMV is currently working on a eryone to play movies with the TV instead line fuel cell would have a beneficial effect project to remove 40-60 Neighborhood Elec- of a film projector. “More power” to those on the environment and would be better tric Vehicles from operation on Oregon who are taking on the tougher task! than waiting for the hydrogen or methanol highways. The registrations are being can- The same article’s continuation on page infrastructure which must be created. I would celled because “there is no classification in 10 includes an update on fuel cell progress. greatly appreciate your responses to those the vehicle code for registration of these It states, “Methanol of course does not rely contentions. types of vehicles”. on foreign oil.” Please solicit an article Wallace Edward Brand from someone who can explain where metha- [email protected] (Wallace DMV contact: nol comes from, and specifically what the Edward Brand) Debbie Clark (503) 945-5243 energy source is. If U.S. methanol production had to expand to a hundred million Richard D. Barnes Dear Wallace: gallons a day, how would it all work? 19100 SW Vista St. In all ways the gasoline fuel cell is The article about pollution from the Aloha, OR 97006 better than the IC engine and the benefits you power plants that charge electric cars was a [email protected] state are to a large extent quite true. What breath of fresh air. It’s encouraging that EV 503-642-3659 you must ask yourself is what we owners can now choose to buy combustion- might be buying into if we take this route? free electricity. Unfortunately, the easy sources The best technology is not always the Dear Editor: are limited in total quantity. For example, if winning technology (Beta vrs VHS). What Thank you for all the hard work on the everyone wanted to buy large hydro, where starts out interim technology can become newsletter which has evolved into a fine would the new dams be built? Currently, the long term technology once profits start flow- magazine. The Industry News for example practical solar limit is day- ing back from it. If we retain gasoline as our is excellent information. time charging in good weather. Perhaps the primary auto fuel we will only be encourag- In the March issue, the “call for letters market will ultimately demand 100% solar ing the continued use of older piston IC to the editor” on page 13 caught my eye. at vastly higher prices. This can’t work based technology. If we replace one of the Well, here are some comments: locally, but the sun always shines some- fuel choices presently available at your cor- On page 1, the APS rep is quoted as where. Will it then be feasible to build and ner gas station with a fuel cell dedicated saying how important it is to share technical maintain a global superconducting grid? pump, it would greatly accelerate the de- information. This benifits the cause and John Whitehead commissioning of explosion based propul- works well in a world based on existing Davis, CA sion technology. Keep in mind that gasoline knowledge. Unfortunately, the “free infor- [email protected]

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 3

Current.piz.p65 3 3/25/00, 11:01 AM Community News Bank of Alameda unveils new EV charging station Leaves out standard outlets By Bruce “EVangel” Parmenter

his morning (Sept. 1st), I attended $5000.00 - from the Charge program, would be used by EV conversions long after the opening ceremonies and ribbon $4,500.00 - from the Bank of Alameda. For the “EV charger wars” are over, and save T cutting for the bank of Alameda’s an additional investment of about $750.00 money for the businesses buying them (one new EV charging site, located on 2130 Otis ten times the number of vehicles could have box does ‘conductively’ much more). EV Drive in Alameda. This site is the first of 26 used this infrastructure by adding a stan-dard conversions will still be on the streets for sites that are to be partially funded by the outlet! some time. All they ask for, is a simple Bay Area Air Quality Management Dis- Kurt Bohan, EAA Publisher, and I outlet to keep the EV parking spots used, tricts Charge program. The Charge pro- discussed with David Burch of the Bay Area bring public visibility to the public’s use of gram has made available a total of EVs, and more business to the merchants $350,000.00 grant funding to help estab- that install EV charging. lish the next 26 sites in the Bay Area. Since the auto manufacturers are now, Unfortunately the charging infra- not providing the same level of support for structure installed left out standard outlets, the conductive EVI units, their opinions eliminating over 90% of the vehicles that have less influence. Consumer feedback might want to use it. This mistake was will educate EV charger purchasers of made despite the fact that both the Alameda what type of conductive chargers are Board of Electricity and CalStart con- ‘really’ needed’ (units with standard 5-20 sulted on the project. Installed was one & 14-50 outlets, with the AVCON). I Magnecharge and one EVI ICS-200. Any- encourage California EV drivers to ex- one with a need for a standard outlet will press your desire for this combination need to go elsewhere. At least this instal- The charge stations at the Bank of Alameda, conductive EVI unit directly to BAAQMD lation is better than the Larkspur site plenty of room for standard outlets. & EVII: which only has Inductive chargers. Of the two connectors installed the AVCON con- Air Quality Management District the fact David Burch [email protected] nector will get the most use because the that these chargers are not usable by EV David Packard [email protected] Bank of Alameda leases a RAV 4. For the conversions. He admitted that he was not as opening, GM had to bring in an EV1 be- informed as he would like to be of EV cause there are no GM electrics on the chargers. The chargers he was offered were Bruce “EVangel” Parmenter Island. Why no standard connectors? You basically off the shelf from Edison EV. [email protected] can understand this better by looking at the David liked the idea of an ICS-200 model http://members.aol.com/brucedp/ funding sources: $3,000.00 - from General that would also have a 14-50 and a 5-20 Electric Vehicle List Editor: Motors, $500.00 - From Ford, $500.00 - built-in (like a combination MCS-100 & http://crest.org/ev-list-archive/ from Honda, $500.00 - from Toyota, ICS-200 unit). Thus, this modified EVI unit

Page 4 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 4 3/25/00, 11:01 AM INFRASTRUCTURE Conductive charging How it should be used and how it works Combined EVI MCS-200 & ICS-100 model needed to maximize charger usage By Bruce “EVangel” Parmenter

ong before the AVCON, EV conver- did not include the very people sions have been using conductive that drive EVs daily, and they Lcharging by plugging their EVs in at were not invited or heard. night to a standard 120 VAC 20 amp outlet. These industries satisfied their By electrician nomenclature, this outlet is own global market perspec- know as a nema 5-20 receptacle. This readily tive, the charging types imple- available almost everywhere in the USA. mented were of two camps: Later, it was also found that a 220 VAC inductive (GM’s design, high charger would give faster and better charge. technology, expensive and un- By electrician nomenclature, this outlet is available to anyone who isn’t known as a nema 14-50 receptacle. This is a automaker commonly used by Recreational Vehicles that has paid for the right to (RVs) in the public or can be found at home use their design) using the as a electric range outlet. Magnacharger, and conduc- When the “Electric Vehicle’ push oc- tive (Ford and Honda) using curred when CARB had it’s mandate to put the AVCON connector. a percentage of EVs on the road, a conven- Both of these inductive This is how simple an EVI unit can come boxed. This one tion of involved industries was formed. and conductive chargers use a is mounted behind Hangar 20. These industries included the automakers, hard wired 220 VAC 40 utilities, EPRI and more. The convention amp circuit to power their chargers. This is ‘take on’ the big automakers. Their ICS- the same power used by the 100 unit EV conversions having a 220 is safe and affordable for public EV charger VAC charger but not acces- installations. EVI should recognized for sible to them because it is their efforts to bring ‘common sense’ to EV hard wired = no 14-50 outlet. charging. Major funding from GM to install This is level 2 charging. Both their proprietary inductive MagnaCharger charging types allow for a continues today. The combined funding 120 VAC adapter plugged from Honda and Ford has now been reduced into a 5-20 outlet, called an to just Ford, since Honda has stopped emergency / overnight char- production of the Honda EV plus. Ford is ger. This is the same com- alone in it’s efforts to promote the AVCON monly found outlet the public connector they use. Neither of these EV is familiar with, and is also charger technologies, allow use by the EV used by EV conversions. This conversions already ‘in place and in daily is level 1 charging. use’. EVI’s Micky Orros is While it is hope of all EV drivers that the only conductive charger the major automakers do produce produc- Both CalStart and Alameda Power and Telecom have company representative to tion EVs, it is clear the direction their this EVI unit, but the Bank of Alameda was left out.

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 5

Current.piz.p65 5 3/25/00, 11:01 AM INFRASTRUCTURE

manufacturing is going is different than major automakers available what had been publicly stated to appease to public are CARB. The major automaker’s credibility minor. The expenditure of has once again, waned. Currently the major money for these types of charg- automaker energies are focused on Electric ers that only affect a small enhanced gasoline vehicles (hybrids or number of ex-isting produc- HEVs). These are technologies that the tion EVs on the road, and automakers are more familiar and comfort- leaves the majority of EVs able with. They do this with the brevity of (EV conversions) what is in ‘fashion’ for the moment. The EV without access to power, does conversions are here, and will continue to be not make good business sense. ‘on the road’. They should be included in EV conversions can not use using the public EV charging stations. the chargers that were in- The installation of the EV chargers at the stalled, they need standard Bank of Alameda is a good example of 14-50 & 5-20 outlets. Why uninformed buyers (BAAQMD) with good put a charger in if it does not intentions being manipulated by the major get used? This EVI system could easily have standard outlets automakers who don’t drive EVs daily. The cost of an EV con- added to it. version owner to adapt to the ( ref: http://www.crest.org/ev-list-archive/ AVCON conductive connector usually the EV conversions will still be on the road, msg14668.html inductive 1, avcon 1, out- means: sipping lightly on the outlet. EV driver let 0 : Bank of Alameda EV chargers ) 1.) Buying and install- feedback will educate EV charger purchasers ing an additional 220 VAC of what type of conductive chargers are BAAQMD’s goal is to have more EVs on board charger ‘really’ needed (an EVI model with com- on the road, reducing the pollution of the 2.) Buying and installing an AVCON bined AVCON and outlets: 14-50 air, water, land, etc. Installing public charg- (female) port in the front of their EV. & 5-20). I encourage California EV drivers ers is an ‘Excellent Way’ to achieve that Both of these actions are costly, and to express your desire for this combination goal. But the chargers that were installed at would only be used when they find a rare conductive EVI model, directly to BAAQMD Bank of Alameda were: public AVCON charger. At this time, ‘Com- & EVII: mon Sense’ dictates, those additional ex- ! one inductive magnacharger (GM) penditures to adapt to an AVCON are not a David Burch BAAQMD: ! one EVI ICS-200 (Ford Ranger / Honda viable option for the majority of EV conver- [email protected] EV plus - only) sion owners. The majority of EV conver- EVI 530-823-8077: sions, are light efficient vehicles, that per- [email protected], [email protected] The numbers of production EVs by the form the majority of there charging needs on 120 or 220 VAC power. Note: An EV that uses even less I am currently in a dialog with Jason France power to operate, means less of EVI (Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Inc. electricity used, and even less http://www.evii.com ) to ask that they offer pollution yet. a charger model that combines both con- However, if a combined ductive types: conductive charger (AVCON AVCON (ICS-200) and out- outlets: 14-50 & 5-20 (MCS-100) lets: 14-50 & 5-20) had been installed, the money spent on the EV chargers would be Bruce “EVangel” Parmenter maximized. Both the Produc- [email protected] tion EVs and EV conversions http://members.aol.com/brucedp/ could use the combined con- Electric Vehicle List Editor: ductive charger. Isn’t that the http://crest.org/ev-list-archive/ goal? Long after the EV “Charger Wars” are over, An Avcon plug charging a Honda EV.

Page 6 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 6 3/25/00, 11:01 AM Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 7

Current.piz.p65 7 3/25/00, 11:01 AM HISTORY

me copies of everything they’ve collected on their 1916 Detroit electric car. I have given them copies of the ads, (the actual pages we Historians Report have )from magazines for Detroit electrics. The Silicon Valley chapter took a film crew from Channel 36 in San Jose, to the museum too), Chuck Olsen,(Sil Val chpt.) seven of to film the Detroit, for a show they were By Terry Wilson the 8 Keith Crock binders, Hal and June doing on electric cars. The museum allowed Munro,(Sil Val chpt.) many boxes of the Silicon Valley chapter to trailer the am Terry Wilson, a member of the Poloroids of EAA events and people. There Detroit to Stanford University, for the Con- Silicon Valley chapter. I was appointed, are far too many contributors to list here, but course, and the Detroit will also be at the I EAA Historian, by the EAA Board in I appreciate all the help, in fact, all the EAA Silicon Valley rally at Stanford, Sept.18th. April of ’98. My intent is to preserve the people I have talked to have contributed, The Hays Truck Museum, in Woodland, history of electric vehicles and the EAA. I sometimes with just an idea. Ca., has 2 electric trucks, a 1916 CT (5 ton also want to make this material available to Also working to preserve the historical flatbed), and a 1918 Walker (3 1/2 ton all. movement is Ed Holsinger, past East Bay flatbed). They have given me copies of the I have the original Silicon Valley li- President, who has started the, EV Mobile information they have on these vehicles. We brary, started by the late Earl Dolby. This Museum, at his home in Berkeley, Ca. also worked together to get information library is stored in 2 large cabinets. Each is Many components I’ve gathered are on from Exide on their early batteries. They 4 1/2 ft. tall by 1 1/2 ft. wide by 2 1/2 ft. deep, display there, as well as Eds collection. sent us 18 pages on electric trucks. with 4 drawers in each. There is an index, 14 During rallies and other events I borrow In the future I may request specific pages, which is roughly about 50% of what them to display. Ed also sent me a list from items missing from our library, and also I we have now. Many new books and manuals a bookseller, that resulted in us getting a hope to add items such as newspaper ar- have been added. A complete Aurenthetic 1905 Audels guide, that has 4 chapters on ticles from our other chapters, local papers. (24 volt electric mini bike) manual, 8 differ- electric cars. Ed also told me that there was ent aircraft generator manuals, driver manu- an antique electric car at the History Muse- Terry Wilson als from several electric cars; Pivco, Kewitt, ums of San Jose. [email protected] Toyota Rav EV, and I will add; Dodge Epic, Museums have been very cooperative. 20157 Las Ondas Wy. and Honda EV+, soon. My favorite part of The History Museums of San Jose has made Cupertino,Ca.95014 the job is scavenging for items. I beg, (408) 446-9357 borrow, or buy items for the collection all the time. I found 2 turn of the century dash gauges from electric cars, one from a Baker, the other from a Rausch Lang. Soon I will purchase a dash gauge from an electric Studebaker ( 1902-1912). Bruce Parmenter of the San Jose chapter, has supplied me with a computer, donated to the EAA, and has taught me to use it. I got a scanner , Mike Thompson (SJ. chpt.) has donated a number of software programs, Curt Hutchings (SJ. chpt.) donated a CD Rom writer. I am scanning what I perceive to be the most useful info, first. The scans will be put on CDs, with distribution to be addressed later. Many mem- Pictured above (left) A Studebaker gauge. Studebaker made electric cars from 1902-1912. bers, and even some who are not, have The gauge we have had the amp meter replaced. According to the repair sticker on the back contributed, many boxfulls of items. A few this repair took place in 1909. (right) A Weston model 240 gauge made by Weston ex-Electrical Instrument Co., Newark, N.J.. These were in use before the turn of the century, amples are: from John Newell (our co- they were also in use at least up to 1916. The patent dates are: Nov. 6, 1888; April 28, founder), a picture of the first EAA rally 1890; Feb. 17, 1891; Oct. 4, 1898; and July 16, 1901. There is a museum in Freemantle, (Oct.27, 1968), Bob Murray,(Sil Val chpt.) Australia, looking for a Sangamo meter for their 1917 Detroit, does anyone knows where a #7 Willy controller, ( we have that manual a working one is?

Page 8 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 8 3/25/00, 11:01 AM TECH TALK AC and DC Electric Motors, By John Mattingly an Alternat View

he article by Fred Miekka on AC changing of the magnetic fields induces decreases as the rotor speed catches the and DC Electric Motors encour- current into the windings shorted by the magnetic field speed. This is due to the fact T aged me to review my own outlook brushes during commutation, causing re- that the rate of change of the flux in the on the subject. I design power electronics for sistance to be needed to limit it. This appli- armature, caused by the rotating stator mag- motor controllers, power supplies and bat- cation is for small loads such as tools. In the netic field, is slowing as the armature speeds tery chargers, so I’m always interested in DC case these magnetic field changes are up to the stator field speed. what other folks think on the subject in minor. The salient pole types have magnetic general. The author seems to define the The other motors are all similar to each fields which will vary in angle from each difference between AC and DC motors as to other in that AC Current in the stator fields other. The magnetic field of the rotor is whether power is switched based on rotor cause a rotating magnetic field in the air spatially fixed to the rotor itself. To function position or not. If they’re switched they’re gap. The armatures are either salient pole properly the rotor magnetic field position DC motors, if not they’re AC motors. I permanent magnets, or electromagnets, or needs to be from zero to less then 180 don’t know of any real definition of the two, they are smooth Iron rotors with imbedded degrees behind the stator magnetic field so I position. When the angle is zero no torque will give my view of motor action and see is generated. When the angle is 90 de- what follows. grees, max torque is generated. If the The force produced between rotor and angle gets to be between 180 to 360 stator can be modeled as the interaction of degrees behind, the sign of the torque two magnetic fields. For the fol-lowing reverses. discussion I will assume ideal two pole These motor types are synchronous machines. The fields could be produced machines because the rotor position has to by electromagnets, or permanent mag- be synchronized to the stator field nets, or a combination of the two. position. This can be accomplished by How these fields are physically structured spinning up the rotor to match the stator and electrically controlled determines the magnetic field speed and making sure the various types of motors. load is not so great that the rotor magnetic One very Important distinction in field doesn’t lag behind by 180 deg. If the controls is whether one of the magnetic stator fields are synchronized to the shaft fields of a motor produced by electromag- of the motor they can become brushless nets is synchronized to shaft position. “DC Motors” or sine drive torque mo- The “true DC Motor’” is a wondrous A DC electric motor tors. The magnetic fields of these motors invention. Its stator and rotor magnetic are kept in phase by control systems fields are DC and are spatially 90 degrees electrical conductors. which are typically external to the “mo-tor”. apart and stationary in space. The two fields The imbedded conductor types are called So I suggest that motors be classified as try to align, rotating the armature around induction motors since currents are induced to their primary magnetic field activity. DC under them, courtesy of the commutator and in the conductors by the rotating magnetic motors have stationary DC fields while all armature winding design. This is one case field in the gap. These currents in the rotors others have rotating fields. of synchronization. The series DC Motor generate a magnetic field which is rotating used in the universal motor application is spatially 90 degrees behind the John Mattingly usually optimized for one operation or the field produced in the gap by the stator other. In the AC application the sinusoidal currents. The magnitude of the rotor field

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 9

Current.piz.p65 9 3/25/00, 11:02 AM Photo Essay SILICON VALLEY A Corbin Sparrow ready for the freeway diamond lane. RALLY 99 Still the BIGGEST Still the BEST

GM’s EV1 ride and drive stole the show.

Nissan showed off their Altra Lithium-ion super Stan Skokan pose’s with one of his electric postal vans. battery car.

Page 10 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 10 3/25/00, 11:02 AM Photo Essay

The Burning Man Eater with it’s jaws open. Anna Cornell tries out a Gizmo.

Bob Snchneeveis at the controls of his “Man Eater”. Mike Saari on one of his tandem E-bikes.

Bob Snchneeveis's “Man Eater” was first built for the Another Bob Lang leaner. This one both banks and Burning Man event. steers from the rear.

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 11

Current.piz.p65 11 3/25/00, 11:02 AM Photo Essay

Bob Langs electric bike shows a high degree of Close up of Bob Lang’s cycle showing low CG battery craftsmanship. placement.

RECAP, Silicon Valley EAA Rally, 9/18/99 There were 11 EVs registered to run the 2.2 mile course and those which did not stop for a charge competed for distance. Awards: Distance award - Mike Crumrine of Milpitas on his recumbent bike #3. He travelled 57 miles and was still running at 4PM. Best looking factory car - Andrew Staley’s Honda EV Plus, car #10. Best looking conversion - Scott Cornell’s Karmann Ghia, car #2. Best Conversion, Mazda RX-7 shown by Rich Brown (Nedra Car) Best classic car - The San Jose Historical Museums 1916 Detroit Electric. Bill Palmer and his Palmermobile, one of the first EVs built “coolest” award - The Nissan Altra, powered by a lithium-ion in the association over 30 years ago. super battery.

Terry Wilson, EAA Historian covers the history table. The History Museums of San Jose 1916 Detroit Electric.

Page 12 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 12 3/25/00, 11:02 AM Photo Essay

GM’s historical EV1 Sunny Side Student built, solar powered, educational vehicle Up. cruises the rally grounds.

Special Attraction: Solectria Force Bob Schneeveis’s “Man Eater” kinetic EV sculpture. Built on Zap & Saari bikes a flat bed EV truck, this creature had colorfull moving wings, Electric scooters skirts all around, and seats for 6 and driver. It was beautifull and the kids loved it. Special thanks to: Rallymaster, Allen Downs. Displays: Bob Wheeler, for charging provisions. Bill Palmer’s 1904 replica Oldsmobile runabout (The SF/Peninsula chapter, for food booth and provisions. Palmermobile). Stanford University, for the use of their campus property. GM’s original Impact, and many EV-1 cars for ride and drive, The judges and display. The radio operators. Toyota RAV4 Bruce Parmentor, for providing car numbers. Corbin Sparrow Neveo Gizmo

Bruce Parmenter selling the Idea of EV’s. The car you can’t see in this photo is Scott Cornell’s ever popular Karmann Ghia.

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 13

Current.piz.p65 13 3/25/00, 11:02 AM POLITICAL ACTION

AB 71 Continued from page 1 The following represents AB 71 as it has vehicle (ULEV) standards beginning July SECTION 1. The Legislature hereby been passed into law: 1, 2000, and through December 31, 2003, or finds and declares all of the following: (2) California’s super ultra-low emission (a) The federal Clean Air Act Amend- BILL NUMBER: AB 71 - EN- vehicle (SULEV) standards on and after ments of 1990 (Public Law 101-549) sought ROLLED January 1, 2004, and through December 31, to accelerate the deployment of inherently 2007, for exhaust emissions, as specified, low emission vehicles (ILEVs) through the BILL TEXT and (3) the federal inherently low-emission use of nonmonetary incentives in areas that vehicle (ILEV) evaporative standard, as do not meet federal ambient air quality PASSED THE ASSEMBLY - AUGUST defined in federal regulations, regardless of standards. 26, 1999 vehicle occupancy or ownership. (b) Federal regulations to implement PASSED THE SENATE - AUGUST 24, In addition, for the purpose of imple- these federal Clean Air Act Amendments 1999 menting these provisions, the bill would were adopted by the United States Environ- AMENDED IN SENATE - JULY 14, 1999 require the Department of Motor Vehicles mental Protection Agency in 1993, and are AMENDED IN SENATE - JUNE 28, 1999 to make available for issuance distinctive set forth in Part 88 (commencing with Sec- AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY - APRIL 26, decals, labels, or other identifiers for ve- tion 88.101-94) of Title 40 of the Code of 1999 hicles described above that clearly distin- Federal Regulations. These federal regula- AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY-FEBRUARY guishes them from other vehicles. The tions direct states to exempt federally certi- 3, 1999 Department of the California Highway Pa- fied and labeled ILEVs in fleets from high- trol would be required to specify the place- occupancy vehicle (HOV) restrictions for INTRODUCED BY Assembly Members ment and design of the decals, labels, or single-occupant vehicles (Sec. 88.313-93, Cunneen and Margett other identifiers. The bill would require the Title 40, C.F.R.). Five years later, Califor- (Principal coauthor: Assembly Member Department of Motor Vehicles to include a nia has not yet conformed to those federal Knox) summary of the provisions relating to the regulations. (Coauthors: Assembly Members Leach, distinctive decals, labels, or other identifi- (c) In addition to these federal require- Leonard, and Scott) ers on each motor vehicle registration re- ments pertaining to ILEVs in fleets the newal notice or on a separate insert, as Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Cen- DECEMBER 7, 1998 specified. tury (Public Law 105-178), commonly (2) The bill would prohibit any person known as TEA-21, encourages and permits An act to amend, repeal, and add Sec- from operating or owning a vehicle that states to extend the HOV lane access ex- tion 40000.13 of, and to add and repeal displays a decal, label, or other identifier if emption to nonfleet owners of ILEVs. Sections 5205.5 and 21655.9 of, the Vehicle that identifier was not issued to that vehicle. (d) In most instances, existing HOV Code, relating to vehicles. Because a violation of this prohibition would lanes in California are uncongested and be a crime, the bill would impose a state- underutilized, resulting in less than optimal LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL’S mandated local program. traffic flow. Traffic flow efficiency and air DIGEST (3) The California Constitution requires quality would, therefore, be improved by an the state to reimburse local agencies and exemption for ILEVs from the HOV lane AB 71, Cunneen. High-occupancy school districts for certain costs mandated by access restrictions in these uncongested HOV vehicle lanes: low-emission vehicles. the state. Statutory provisions establish lanes. (1) Existing law authorizes the Depart- procedures for making that reimbursement. (e) The federal regulations provide a ment of Transportation, with respect to This bill would provide that no reim- mechanism for California and other states to highways under its jurisdiction, to autho- bursement is required by this act for a remove congested HOV lanes, or portions rize or permit the exclusive or preferential specified reason. thereof, from having access by single-occu- use of highway lanes for high-occupancy (4) The bill would provide that its pant ILEVs, thus guaranteeing that ILEVs vehicles. provisions shall remain in effect only until cannot be a cause of congestion in HOV This bill would require the Department January 1, 2008, and as of that date are lanes. of Transportation whenever it authorizes or repealed, unless a later enacted statute de- (f) The federal regulations affirm a permits exclusive or preferential use of high- letes or extends that date. state’s authority to establish ILEV identifi- way lanes or highway access ramps for cation requirements, in addition to the EPA high-occupancy vehicles, to also extend the THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE requirements, that are necessary and appro- use of those lanes or ramps to vehicles that OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS priate to facilitate enforcement. have been issued distinctive decals, labels, FOLLOWS: (g) California’s urban air quality is the or other identifiers because the vehicles worst of any state in the United States, with meet (1) California’s ultra low-emission

Page 14 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 14 3/25/00, 11:02 AM POLITICAL ACTION

over 80 percent of our population living in notice, or on a separate insert, if space is gardless of vehicle occupancy or owner areas that do not meet federal or state ambi- available and the summary can be ship. ent air quality standards, and approximately included without incurring additional (b) No person shall drive a vehicle 75 percent of our urban smog coming from printing or postage costs. described in subdivisions (a) and (b) of mobile sources, primarily light-duty cars (d) The Governor may remove indi- Section 5205.5 with a single occupant upon and trucks. vidual high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, a high-occupancy vehicle lane pursuant to (h) The people of California want and or portions of those lanes, during periods of this section unless the decal, label, or other need healthful air quality, and are well peak congestion from the ILEV access pro- identifier issued pursuant to Section 5205.5 served by incentive-based approaches to visions provided in subdivisions (a) and (b), are properly displayed on the vehicle, and encourage early deployment of cleaner ve- following a finding by the Department of the vehicle registration described in Section hicles at little or no cost to the state. Transportation as follows: 5205.5 is with the vehicle. (1) The lane, or portion thereof, ex- (c) No person shall operate or own a SEC. 2. Section 5205.5 is added to ceeds a level of service C, as discussed in vehicle displaying a decal, label, or other the Vehicle Code, to read: subdivision (b) of Section 65089 of the identifier, as described in Section 5205.5, if 5205.5. (a) For the purposes of imple- Government Code. that decal, label, or identifier was not issued menting Section 21655.9, beginning July (2) The operation or projected opera- for that vehicle pursuant to Section 5205.5. 1, 2000, and through December 31, 2003, tion of the vehicles described in subdivi- A violation of this subdivision is a misde- the department, in consultation with the De- sions (a) and (b) in these lanes, or portions meanor. partment of the California Highway Patrol, thereof, will significantly increase conges- (d) This section shall remain in effect shall make available for issuance, for a fee tion. only until January 1, 2008, and as of that determined by the department to be suffi- The finding also shall demonstrate the date is repealed, unless a later enacted stat- cient to reimburse the department for actual infeasibility of alleviating the congestion by ute, that is enacted before January 1, 2008, costs incurred pursuant to this section, dis- other means, including, but not limited to, deletes or extends that date. tinctive decals, labels, or other identifiers reducing the use of the lane by noneligible for vehicles that meet California’s ultra-low vehicles, further increasing vehicle occu- SEC. 4. Section 40000.13 of the emission vehicle (ULEV) standard for ex- pancy, or adding additional capacity. Vehicle Code is amended to read: haust emissions and the federal ILEV evapo- (e) For purposes of subdivisions (a) and 40000.13. A violation of any of the rative emission standard, as defined in Part (b), the Department of the California High- following provisions is a misdemeanor, and 88 (commencing with Section 88.101-94) way Patrol shall design and specify the not an infraction: of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regula- placement of the decal, label, or other iden- (a) Section 16560, relating to interstate tions, in a manner that clearly distinguishes tifier on the vehicle. Each decal, label, or highway carriers. them from other vehicles. other identifier issued for a vehicle shall (b) Sections 20002 and 20003, relating (b) For the purposes of implementing display a unique number, which number to duties at accidents. Section 21655.9, beginning January 1, 2004, shall be printed on, or affixed to, the vehicle (c) Section 21200.5, relating to riding and through December 31, 2007, the de- registration. a bicycle while under the influence of an partment shall make available for issuance, (f) This section shall remain in effect alcoholic beverage or any drug. for a fee determined by the department to be only until January 1, 2008, and as of that (d) Section 21651, subdivision (b), re- sufficient to reimburse the department for date is repealed, unless a later enacted stat- lating to wrong-way driving on divided actual costs incurred pursuant to this sec- ute, that is enacted before January 1, 2008, highways. tion, distinctive decals, labels, and other deletes or extends that date. (e) Section 21655.9, subdivision (c), identifiers for vehicles that meet California’s relating to illegal use of decals, labels, or super ultra-low emission vehicle (SULEV) SEC. 3. Section 21655.9 is added to other identifiers. standard for exhaust emissions and the fed- the Vehicle Code, to read: (f) Section 22520.5, a second or subse- eral inherently low-emission vehicle (ILEV) 21655.9. (a) Whenever the Depart- quent conviction of an offense relating to evaporative emission standard, as defined ment of Transportation authorizes or per- vending on or near freeways. in Part 88 (commencing with Section 88.101- mits exclusive or preferential use of high- (g) Section 22520.6, a second or subse- 94) of Title 40 of the Code of Federal way lanes or highway access ramps for quent conviction of an offense relating to Regulations, in a manner that clearly distin- high-occupancy vehicles pursuant to Sec- roadside rest areas and vista points. guishes them from other vehicles. tion 21655.5, the use of those lanes or ramps (h) This section shall remain in effect (c) The department shall include a sum- shall also be extended to vehicles that are only until January 1, 2008, and as of that mary of the provisions of this section on each issued distinctive decals, labels, or other date is repealed, unless a later enacted stat- motor vehicle registration renewal identifiers pursuant to Section 5205.5 re- ute, that is enacted before January 1, 2008,

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 15

Current.piz.p65 15 3/25/00, 11:02 AM POLITICAL ACTION EAA Help EAA Grow deletes or extends that date. Membership Drive

SEC. 5. Section 40000.13 is added to The goal is to double our the Vehicle Code, to read: SupportSupport membership by year’s end ’99 40000.13. A violation of any of the The Board of Directors ap- following provisions is a misdemeanor, and proved the first recommenda- not an infraction: CarsCars forfor tion of the membership com- (a) Section 16560, relating to interstate mittee, consisting of Roy highway carriers. Kaylor and Scott Cornell (b) Sections 20002 and 20003, relating to duties at accidents. CleanClean AirAir For each new member (c) Section 21200.5, relating to riding sponsored by an existing a bicycle while under the influence of an Donate a car member, the existing alcoholic beverage or any drug. member will receive a (d) Section 21651, subdivision (b), re- and receive a free three-month exten- lating to wrong-way driving on divided sion of his or her mem- highways. tax deduction bership! (e) Section 22520.5, a second or subse- quent conviction of an offense relating to EAA has already received its This trial benefit is good for vending on or near freeways. first donated gasoline car (in Sac- a test period of six months, (f) Section 22520.6, a second or subse- ramento), made $700 on it and ending August 31, 1999. quent conviction of an offense relating to generated a handsome tax credit Sign up four new members roadside rest areas and vista points. for its owner. Help continue this before August 31, 1999 and (g) This section shall become operative program by finding other cars. get a free extension of your on January 1, 2008. Donate your own, persuade a membership for a whole year! friend or relative, or talk to your (A $39.00 reward) SEC. 6. No reimbursement is required local mechanic, who often has by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article customers that decide not to re- Just think; XIIIB of the California Constitution be- pair a car and need to get rid of Sign up a hundred new cause the only costs that may be incurred by it. Do yourself a favor by knock- members and get a 25 year a local agency or school district will be ing something off your income free extension of your incurred because this act creates a new tax while helping EAA. membership (A $975.00 crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or reward) infraction, or changes the penalty for a Contact information: crime or infraction, within the meaning of Hey! Sign up a thousand new Section 17556 of the Government Code, or For the San Francisco Bay Area: members and get a 250 year changes the definition of a crime within the Kurt Bohan free extension of your mem- meaning of Section 6 of Article XIIIB of the EAA, Hangar 20 bership plus a free license California Constitution. 2701 Monarch St. Suite 136 plate holder. (A 9750.00 + Alameda, CA 94501 reward) Tel. (510) 814-1864 With a hundred thousand Fax (510) 864-9293 members, we could be a real SHOP E-mail: [email protected] political force. AT THE For the Sacramento area: If this membership drive is Tim Loree successful, then the other 7428 Wisconsin Dr. recomendations may also be Citrus Hights, CA 95610-7432 implemented, which would EAA STORE Tel. (916) 967-3044 be Fax (916) 863-0303 of benefit to all E-mail: [email protected] SEE PAGE 31 For more Info. call: Roy Kaylor 831-338-2200 ([email protected]) Page 16 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 16 3/25/00, 11:02 AM New from Kaylor Energy Products KILOVAC Czonka 3 High Power Switching Contactor ! Maintenance Free ! 320 Volts ! 200A Continuous $59.95 ! 2000A Maximum +$5.00 ! 12 Volt Coil +8.25%S&H tax in CA ! Make & Break at 250A ! Uses less than 1/10 Ampere ! Magnetic & Gas Arc Quencing ! Hermetically Sealed: arc contained ! Weighs Less Than One Pound Kaylor Energy Products Tel. (831) 338-2200 20,000 Big Basin Way E-mail: ! Size less than 2.58" X 2.83" X 3.16" Boulder Creek, CA 95006 [email protected] ! Mounting hardware provided

Mike's E-Bikes 30 miles at 25+ MPH for only a nickel Glide by traffic No parking hassles Recharge anywhere Very comfortable Prices starting under Use the E-BIKE for "no-sweat" commuting! Whatever your normal bicycle performance, the E-BIKE will add 20 $2,000 miles to your range, and will add 10 MPH to your average speed. You can use your E-BIKE for errands, nature rides, Mike's E-Bikes shopping, and recreation. 2270 Yale Street Palo Alto, CA 94306 E-Bike is easy to ride! The E-BIKE is far more comfortable than an ordinary "head-first = sore back/neck" bicycle. Tel. (650) 493-7633 Pedal as much as you want or as little as you want. E-mail: [email protected]

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 17

Current.piz.p65 17 3/25/00, 11:02 AM A CALL FOR LETTERS 1999 CALENDAR TO THE EDITOR Read something in CE you would like to comment on? Do you feel mail: [email protected] something is being left out? Send us a “Letters to the Editor”. You EVents can E-mail us, Fax us or use snail September 18 mail at the addresses below: Silicon Valley EAA Rally ,10:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. The big yearly EV rally! Stanford E-mail: [email protected] University, Palo Alto, in front of Encina Fax: 510-864-9293 Calendar Hall & Burnham Pavilion (just south of -or- Snail mail at: EAA/Current Events, Hanger 20, Hoover Tower on the corner of Galvez & 2701 Monarch St., Suite 136 Serra). Alameda, CA 94501 Website http://www.evcl.com/eaa-sv/ August 17-19 Contact: Will Beckett SAE Future Transportation Technology [email protected] 650-857-3859 Conference and Exposition, Costa Mesa, CA. The FTT Conference will feature ad- Call for vanced transportation technologies that have September 19-20 the potential for making real, practical im- Canadian Electric Vehicle Conference provements in vehicle and highway sys- 99, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. A two-day tems. Contact: Karin Bolcshazy, SAE. (724) conference on electric vehicles. Focus is on builder 776-4841, Fax (724) 776-6622, E-mail: the close between an organization's business [email protected] success and its environmental stewardship. Conference will also offer advice on manag- August 19-20 ing a company's environmental public im- write-ups age as well as provide information on clean The Changing World of Industrial and air technologies and products. Contact: Proud of your car ? Would Specialty Electric Vehicles, Orlando EVAC. Phone: (613) 723-3127. Fax: you like to share what you have Florida. Conference sponsored by EPRI on (613) 723-8275. E-mail: [email protected] done with others ? Why not send electric off-road vehicle technologies . Dis- in photos and a short ( or long ) cussions of applications of new technologies written description to CE so we and exhibits of related products. Contact: October 13-16 can print it. For the last 30 years Michele Samoulides, EPRI. (650) 855-2127, 16th International Electric Vehicle Sym- the EAA has grown strong by Fax (650) 855-2900. posium and Exhibition (EVS 16), The members sharing with members 16th annual Electric Vehicle Symposium the technology they have used and trade show in Beijing, China will be in creating their cars. Help con- August 28 hosted by EVAAP, CES and SEA-C. tinue this tradition. Take some EAA National Endurance Range Rally. 86-10-6853-3347 Web: www.ces.org.cn pictures of what you think stands Hosted by the East Bay chapter of the E-mail: [email protected] out most about your vehicle and Electric Auto Association. To be held in send it in with a description ( San Ramon, CA. Event runs on a 3-mile photo essays are OK ). Don’t endurance course, just like the old Silicon October 17 - 26 forget to send your contact infor- Valley rallies. Shade trees, too! Public 5th World Solar Challenge in Australia! mation, including, hours:This event is for Solar cars ! 42 entries will telephone number, mailing ad- 10am -4pm. Limited charging available; represent 11 nations in this event! No other dress, and E-mail if you have it, lots of trailer room. Contact Anna Cornell entries accepted at this time. Runs from to: at (925) 685-7580 10am - 4pm M-F. Or E- Darwin to Adelaide. It’s a grueling, yet mail Anna at [email protected] beautiful test of technology and wits! Kurt Bohan EAA Current Events 2701 Monarch Street, Suite September 11 October 18 - 24 136 Triangle EV Education Day, 10 am - 3 ETSA Power World Solar Cycle Chal- Alameda, CA 94501 pm, Chapel Hill, NC. EV display, ride-and- lenge in Australia. Starts in Alice Springs Tel. (510) 814-1864 drive. Town lot #5, West Franklin Street, and finishes in Adelaide. There are four Fax (510) 864-9293 Chapel Hill, NC. For more information, classes of converted bicycle entries; 1. Non- - or E-mail to - contact Jon Mauney at (919) 834-4077 or E- [email protected]

Page 18 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 18 3/25/00, 11:02 AM 1999 CALENDAR

Aerodynamic Standard bicycles. 2 Non- Fax: (916) 325-0471 Aerodynamic Experimental bicycles, 3. Ex- November 20-21 mail: [email protected] perimental 3-wheeled vehicle, 4. Aerody- SAE Automotive Electronics and Alter- namic 3- wheeled production vehicles. En- native Energy Vehicles, Kenpur, India. tries are still accepted at this event. Contact This symposium is designed to bring scien- April 2-6 Chris Selwood for event information at tists, engineers, experts, and policy makers Future Car Congress, Arlington, Vergina. Phone: 61 8 8303 2337 Fax 61 8 8303 2339 together to discuss the increasing use of A government-industry conference focusing or website: www.wsc.org.au. electrical and electronics in vehicles and on a collaborative approach to the develop- their contribution toward fuel efficiency ment of new automotive technologies. Dis- and pollution reduction. Contact: Professor cussion topics range from fuel cells to November 1-3 V. Sinha, Secretariat for international Sym- supercomputer applications and high-tech California Transit Association Annual posium on Automotive Electronics and Al- transportation workforce for the 21st cen- Fall Conference, Oakland, California. The ternate Energy Vehicles. Phone: +91-512- tury. Contact: Meeting Promotion, SAE. annual conference of CTA discussing topics 597070 Fax: +91-512-590063 E-mail: (724) 776-4841 ext. 7340. Fax (724) 776- important to transit operators. An expanded [email protected] 1830. E-mail: [email protected] all-day maintenance track, a general managers' panel discussion, and indoor bus vendor show are part of the event. November 30 - December April 12-14, 2000 Contact: Donna Pate, Phone (510) 891- 2 Commercializing Fuel Cells, Berlin, Ger- 4778 many. Symposium on market entry strate- Technology Advances, Relative Market- gies and barriers involved in introducing ability and Policy Implications. A Three- fuel cells into mainstream vehicular use. November 8-12 day workshop reviewing and assessing the Includes feature speaker, presentations, work- 6 th World Congress on Intelligent Trans- advancements in electric, hybrid and fuel shops, and exhibits. Contact: Intertech Tel. portation Systems, Toronto, Canada. Con- cell vehicle technologies. Also to be dis- (207) 781-9800 Fax (207) 781-2150 ference will focus on the latest ITS compo- cussed are the marketing and economics of E-mail: [email protected] nents, deployment, how systems architec- these technologies relative to emmissions ture is being used, the role of public-private and fuel economy standards. Contact: Michele partnerships, and issues surrounding tele- McGuire, ITS-Davis Tel. (530) 752-4909 May 28-31, 2000 communications. Exhibit Opportunities E-mail: [email protected] The Hydrogen Millennium, Trois- available. CALL FOR PAPERS due Febuary Rivieres, Quebec. Conference focuses on the 1, 1999. Contact: ITS America. Phone: opportunities for hydrogen energy systems (202) 484-4542. Fax: (202) 484-3488. and applications. Contact: Canadian Hydro- Year 2000 gen Association. Tel. (819) 376-5139 Fax (819) 376-5164 November 15-17 March 6-9, 2000 E-mail: [email protected] uebec.ca SAE International Truck and Bus Meet- ing, Detroit, Michigan. Meeting and exhib- SAE 2000 - SAE International Congress, its of trucks and buses. Contact Karin Detroit, Michigan. International technical October 16-18, 2000 Bolscshazy Tel. (724) 772-4007 Fax conference on automotive technologies and International Electric Vehicle Sympo- (724) 776-1830 E-mail: [email protected] design. Exhibit Opportunities Available. sium, Montreal, Canada. EVS-17 will be Contact SAE at: hosted by the Electric Vehicle Association Tel. (724) 772-4027 Fax (724) 776-1830 of the Americas. Contact: EVAA November 18-19 E-mail: [email protected] Tel. (415) 249-2690 Fax (415) 249-2699 North American Electric Vehicle and E-mail: [email protected] Infrastructure Conference (NAEVI), At- March 20-21 lanta, Georgia. Conference focuses on com- California Strategic ITS Planning Re- mercialization issues of electric and hybrid treat, Yosemite, California. Meeting of the electric vehicles and EV infrastructure in California Alliance for Advanced Trans- For more information, or to add an North America. Contact: Pam Turner, portation Systems to discuss ITS applica- EVAA. (650) 548-9464, Fax (650) 548- EVent to this calendar, please call tions in transportation in California. Con- 9764. E-mail: [email protected] Anna Cornell (925) 685-7580 ( 10 tact: Randi Dixon. AM to 4PM, PST only, please!) Phone: (916) 325-0473.

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 19

Current.piz.p65 19 3/25/00, 11:03 AM INDUSTRY NEWS

production and electrical energy-storage sys- (POWERDESIGNERS RELEASE: 7/14) News in Brief tem. The SRT/NP system reportedly will Shell, ECD Work on Hydrogen Storage provide distributed high-quality, reliable Shell Hydrogen and Energy Conversion electricity without the need for more trans- Devices, Inc. (ECD) signed an agreement Compiled by Ruth M. Shipley from information sup- mission lines or power plants. SRT said the last week to examine the feasibility of a joint plied by EIN Publishing. If reprinted, please credit system will produce and dispense hydrogen venture to develop and commercialize solid CE and Ruth Shipley. to refuel the transportation vehicles that are hydride storage technology. The move is now under development by all major ve- seen by some as the first step in the creation FCV Conference hicle makers. The SRT/NP system will link of a commercially viable hydrogen storage to be Held in Berlin low-cost, off-peak power generating capacity system for fuel cell vehicles. “We believe Intertech Conferences will hold its 6th in- and hydrogen production through an energy- hydrogen is becoming an increasingly im- ternational advanced energy and transport storage system. The dual use of this system portant fuel for the transportation indus-try,” conference, titled Commercializing Fuel will permit the production of inex-pensive said ECD president and CEO Stanford Cell Vehicles 2000, April 12 through 14, hydrogen while providing a reduction in on- Ovshinsky. “Distribution and using clean 2000 at the Grand Hyatt Hotel in Berlin, peak energy costs. Analysis of the system hydrogen could be a critical breakthrough Germany. The conference will focus on revealed potential costs to be highly com- to extending the viability of internal com- market entry strategies as well as existing petitive compared with conventionally de- bustion engines by burning hydrogen fuel. barriers for implementing fuel cell technol- livered hydrogen and on-peak generating Further, most major global manufacturers ogy in passenger cars, buses, delivery ve- systems. The SRT/NP agreement is one of are pursuing the development of automo- hicles, fork lifts, and off-road and utility two cooperative agreements that SRT has tive fuel cells. This hydride storage technol- vehicles. In addition, the conference will with DOE. The agreements, announced in ogy could be pivotal to the success of this feature 20 speaker presentations, two pre- May, are valued at $7.7 million. endeavor.” ECD has developed proprietary conference workshops on fuel cell technol- (SRT GROUP RELEASE: 7/19) solid hydride storage technology that can be ogy and market entry scenarios for fuel cell used to safely store hydrogen for later use in vehicles (FCVs), an exhibit area, and a PowerDesigners Introduces either internal combustion engines or onboard variety of catered social functions. All fuel fuel cells. The company expects to develop cell and auto manufacturers, fuel suppliers, PowerCheq Equalizers a prototype storage system by 2001. “This policy makers, business development man- Madison, WI-based PowerDesigners recently collaboration with ECD is a signifi-cant agers, and technologists who have a busi- introduced its new line of PowerCheq charge additional option to bringing clean fuel cell- ness or technical interest in fuel cells for use equalizers. PowerCheq provides powered cars onto the road from 2004 on- in mainstream transportation as well as users with a modular, non-dissipative and wards,” said Shell Hydrogen CEO Don specialty vehicle applications are invited to cost-effective solution to charge equaliza- Huberts. attend. The conference will also highlight tion, and the company says the charge (SHELL HYDROGEN, ECD RELEASE: opportunities for FCVs in developing re- equalizers can easily be configured into 7/15) gions, including China, India and South existing and new electric vehicle battery America. Intertech is a Portland, ME-based systems. The PowerCheq is connected to Prius Cross-Country consulting firm specializing in the fields of each pair of battery modules in a staggered advanced energy systems, electronics, spe- manner to provide equalization for the entire Trip Completed cialty chemicals and magnetics. stack.The historic Staten Island Ferry recently (EIN STAFF: 7/26) This allows energy to be diverted from carried a group of Japanese adventurers and overcharged batteries to batteries with the environmental enthusiasts to New York lowest charge, without loss of power. Con- City, completing a 4,200-mile, cross-conti- Companies Develop ventional centralized equalizers are connected nent trip in the world’s first mass produced Fuel Cell Storage System to each battery module within a hybrid electric vehicle, the Toyota Prius. SRT Group, Inc., a Miami, FL-based devel- stack. Kutkut designed the PowerCheq to Team ACP began its trek in Torrance, CA oper of hydrogen and renewable energy stor- operate without additional sensing or an on June 4, traveling across the southern tier age systems, said it has finalized a coopera- eternal power source. Modules are disabled of the United States to reach New Orleans. tive agreement with National Power PLC while idle, which reduces power consump- The team then zig-zagged through Ken- (NP), a major electric power generating tion and battery loading to enhance the tucky and Washington, D.C., up to Toronto, company in the United Kingdom. Under the PowerCheq’s efficiency.The equalizers also Canada and circling Lake Ontario before agreement, the two companies will develop can be used for balancing in situations turning south to traverse New York, Penn- a low-cost reversible fuel cell for a hydrogen where loading is unequal among individual sylvania and New Jersey. Along the way, modules.

Page 20 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 20 3/25/00, 11:03 AM INDUSTRY NEWS

the team visited with environmental groups features both a gasoline engine and an and observed ecology projects from coast to electric motor. coast. The so-called Eco-Mission ’99 was (LOS ANGELES TIMES: 7/7) ELECRIC VEHICLES ONLINE TODAY led by Paris-to-Dakar rally driver Kiichiro Companies Develop Yokota. The team included eight people, Month-in-Review two support vehicles, a navigator, a transla- Zinc Air FCV Executive News Summary Service tor, a mechanic and a TV crew. The Prius is Metallic Power, Inc., a leading devel- powered by both an electric motor and a oper of zinc air fuel cells, recently " Electric Vehicles " Fuel Cells small gasoline engine. It uses a sophisti- announced it has joined with Textron " Hydrogen " Hybrids cated computer system to allow the vehicle Turf Care and Specialty Products to to operate on either electricity or gasoline develop a prototype zinc air fuel cell- Tracks current legislation, regulations, alone, or a combination of both, depending powered non-road industrial utility science, and technology, industry on vehicle speed and load. More than 27,000 vehicle. The new fuel cell vehicle will intiatives, conference announcements Prius sedans have been sold in Japan since be able to be recharged within five and more. the hybrid was introduced in December of minutes using Metallic Power’s rap- 1997, Toyota said. The Prius will be sold idly refuelable zinc air fuel cells. The by Toyota dealers in the United States zinc air fuel cell system contains a For a free trial contact: starting next year. zinc regeneration and recycling ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION (TOYOTA MOTOR SALES RELEASE: “vending” machine. While the fuel NETWORKS 7/cell generates electricity by combin- 9) ing zinc with oxygen in the presence 119 South Fairfax Street, Alexandria Virgina 22314 of an electrolyte forming harmless Sparrow to Challenge Big Three zinc oxide powder, the separate regeneration unit reconverts the powder into required by future clean air regulations. Although officials at Corbin Motors, Inc. fresh zinc. The new zinc powder is then Honda will also use a lightweight alumi- realize they face a daunting task in taking on recombined with the electrolyte to be reused num body that is 40% lighter than a conven- major automakers like Ford and Honda, as fresh “fuel.” tional steel body to increase the vehicle’s they are optimistic that a market for envi- “It’s an entirely closed-loop system — efficiency. Honda says the Insight will be ronmentally sound vehicles will develop. with nothing to add, nothing to discard and priced to compete with the Toyota Prius The company, a joint venture of Costa nothing wasted,” said Colborn. “The com- hybrid vehicle, the first mass-produced hy- Mesa, CA-based MCM Engine Technolo- pletely safe fuel cell has three times the brid that was introduced at the end of 1997. gies and Corbin Pacific, Inc. of Hollister, energy efficiency of a gasoline engine, and The Prius currently sells for 2.15 million CA, it reuses its zinc and electrolyte over and yen (about $17,600). launched a $15 million private stock sale over.” Metallic Power said the system re- (KYODO: 7/6) last month which has raised about $1 mil- duces operation costs by requiring fewer lion, and production of its three-wheeled, batteries, reducing vehicle downtime, and electric-powered Sparrow is scheduled to Around-the-World EV Trip increasing productivity. In addition, the begin this month. While the company’s fuel cell provides seven times more energy Begins in China one-seater Sparrow EV is registered in Cali- per pound than traditional batteries. A Japanese university group has begun an fornia as a motorcycle and is street legal, (BUSINESS WIRE: 7/6) unprecedented around-the-world trip in a car Corbin doesn’t plan on attacking U.S. and converted to run on electric power. Japanese automakers head on. The company Professor of electronics engineering at To- hopes to use joint venture partner Corbin Honda to Introduce Insight Hybrid kyo Denki University Masaharu Fujinaka is Pacific’s extensive worldwide network of Honda recently announced that it will intro- leading the group on the 18,000-kilometer 6,000 motorcycle equipment retail-ers to duce the new Insight hybrid electric vehicle trip. “I want to show the world our evolved, help crack the market. The company has to the U.S. market in the fall. The Insight environmentally ‘clean’ car — a pioneer of already signed 28 retail distributors, will feature Honda’s Integrated Motor As- the age of the electric car in the 21st cen- and recently received a big boost when Nike sist System, which combines a motor and a tury,” Fujinaka said. The trek started in unveiled a specially painted Sparrow it battery to power a one-liter gasoline engine. Kobe, Japan where the team of students and ordered for a promotion during the Women’s The Insight reportedly is the world’s most theEV boarded a ferry for Tianjin, China. World Cup soccer championship in Pasa- fuel-efficient mass-production vehicle, get- Then they will travel to Ulan Bator via dena, CA. In addition, Corbin is currently ting 84 miles to the gallon. Emissions from Beijing, next crossing Siberia to Moscow. developing a hybrid commuter vehicle that the Insight are also lower than will be

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 21

Current.piz.p65 21 3/25/00, 11:03 AM INDUSTRY NEWS

After traveling across western Europe to manganese- bearing batteries generate about (HEVs). With support from the Defense Belgium, they will travel by ship to New 83 kW per kg. Nickel metal hydride batter- Advanced Research Projects Agency York and drive across the United States, ies can generate about 63 kW per kg. A (DARPA), Ergenics said the 15-cell battery reaching the west coast in mid-October. spokeswoman with Nissan, which is cur- prototype produced a sustained, full-capac- Then they will cross the Pacific Ocean to rently developing manganese-bearing ity power pulse of more than 830 watts, Japan. Members of the group will take turns lithium ion batteries, said the company providing more than 14 volts at a 60C driving, with three to five students accom- plans to launch a small EV powered by discharge rate. Moreover, the battery weighs panying the EV in a conventional automo- lithium ion batteries later this year. less than 1.6 kilograms and delivers more bile. Fujinaka said the most challenging (REUTERS: 7/5) than 520 watts per kilogram of specific part of the trip will be the Gobi Dessert and power. The 15-cell prototype battery is the the rough roads of Siberia. He said the group Think City Car base design for a 240-cell bipolar battery to also is concerned about whether it will be be built specifically for HEVs. Though the able to recharge the batteries each night. Coming to Norway in November battery will weigh only 26 pounds, it will The team modified a gasoline-powered car Think Nordic AS and Hertz Norway produce more than 15,000 watts of power by installing 24 high-performance nickel- said they will work together to commercial- and will have an energy capacity of 450 hydrogen batteries. Also, solar panels were ize the two-seat EV produced by the former watt-hours, according to the company. The affixed to the top of the car to provide Pivco, which is now owned 51 percent by battery provides the high power needed for additional power. The same group set the Ford. A Think spokeswoman said both acceleration and increases fuel economy by world record in March for distance traveled long-term and short-term vehicle rentals storing energy from regenerative braking. in a car converted to run on electric power. will be available in Norway at first, with HEV batteries are made up of many single On that trip, the team traveled 520 kilome- initialcells grouped together in series. Ergenics ters from Tokyo to Osaka on a single charge. deliveries expected in November. The city said its battery uses a unique “bipolar” They say they hope to break that record on car, dubbed the “Think,” will be offered design to permit easy assembly of light- this trip. only through a lease. The deal with Hertz weight, multi-cell batteries. The bipolar (KYODO: 7/5) “allows Think Nordic to utilize an already configuration also achieves higher specific existing (leasing and service) infrastructure power because it does not need the ancillary Japanese Carmakers rather than building a new one,” the com- weight of large wires, connectors and heat panies said. Under the arrangement, Hertz EVsexchangers Come that to areMartha’s required Vineyardby other bat- Unsure on Battery Choice will handle delivery of the Think cars to teriesThe Massachusetts to conduct electricity Department and of Environ-dissipate EV industry analysts in Japan recently said homes and businesses and will pick up cars heat.mental Protection (DEP) has been conduct- car companies in that country are working that need service, supplying temporary re- (ERGENICSing an experiment RELEASE: to bring 6/28) clean and quiet to develop several battery technologies for placement vehicles. “Customers will have EVs to the popular vacation destination of both hybrid EVs and battery-powered EVs. one single number to call which gives ac- Martha’s Vineyard. The DEP Electric Ve- However, they noted that no single battery cess to a convenient package of leasing, hicle Program has provided access to EVs to technology has emerged as a front-runner in distribution and service,” said Think Nor- residents and tourists alike all summer. The the move towards commercialization. Some dic president Per Lilleng. “This customer- project involves eight neighborhood EVs analysts predicted that hybrid EVs will use driven approach is something completely (NEVs), six electric bicycles, and one elec- either lithium ion or nickel metal hydride new to the automotive industry. “We’re tric-powered pickup truck. The low-speed batteries within 10 to 20 years. While making the process as easy and convenient and narrow roads on the island are a perfect lithium ion batteries provide greater perfor- as possible. Because they receive a replace- fit for the efficient vehicles. The NEVs are mance than nickel metal hydride batteries, ment vehicle, customers will never be with- said to be 90% cleaner than conventional they are more expensive. In addition, ana- out a car,” he added. vehicles, and can be fully recharged in 70 lysts said the automobile industry hopes to (FLEETS & FUELS: 6/28) minutes. The Massachusetts DEP received shift from cobalt to manganese, both of funding for the project through a grant from which supply cathode material for the batter- Ergenics Demonstrates the Environmental Protection Agency’s ies, in an Office of Mobile Sources, as well as contri- effort to reduce costs and guarantee stable Hybrid Battery Prototype butions from Boston Edison, EV Global supplies. Although manganese offers lower Ergenics, Inc. of Ringwood, NJ said it has Motors, the Electric Transit Association, performance, cobalt is much more expen- successfully demonstrated its high-power Global Electric Motorcars, Bombardier and sive, with prices fluctuating greatly. Cobalt- nickel-hydrogen bipolar segmented battery ZAP Power Systems. bearing lithium ion batteries produce about which was developed to provide high power (MA DEP RELEASE: 8/17) 100 kilowatts (kW) per kilogram (kg), while acceleration in hybrid electric vehicles

Page 22 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 22 3/25/00, 11:03 AM INDUSTRY NEWS

recharged when the brakes are used. The charged cathode is made of manganese Fuel Processor entire system is 85% efficient in generating dioxide. The battery developed by the Is- power, compared to less than 60% for tradi- raeli scientists replaces manganese dioxide Converts Diesel to Hydrogen tional engines. Plans are underway for a with an unusual form of iron known as A new fuel processor technology that con- delivery of a test model of the hybrid to the “iron (VI).” This iron is able to store more verts diesel into high-purity hydrogen was federal government by fall. energy because each molecule can absorb demonstrated by Northwest Power Systems (GREEN CAR JOURNAL: AUGUST 1999) more electrons from the anode than manga- (NPS) at the recent dedication of the Uni- nese dioxide. Scientists previously consid- versity of Alaska - Fairbanks (UAF) Energy Fuel Cell Uses Natural Gas ered iron (VI) to be too unstable for use in Lab Center. NPS developed the diesel fuel batteries, however, the team in Israel dis- Researchers at Northwestern University have processor earlier this summer under a 50% covered that the instabilities disappear when succeed in building a fuel cell that operates cost-sharing contract with Sandia National certain impurities are removed. Stuart Licht, on natural gas instead of pure hydrogen. Laboratories, a prime contractor to the De- a chemistry professor at the institute who Some observers say this could be an initial partment of Energy (DOE). The company headed the team, said the batteries could be step toward the production of more affordable said its device produces hydrogen pure cheaper to manufacture than conventional fuel cells. While larger fuel cells oper- enough for a proton exchange membrane batteries. ate at high temperatures and can generate (PEM) fuel cell system. The design, in- (WALL STREET JOURNAL: 8/13) enough heat and steam to extract the hydro- vented by company co-founders David gen directly from natural gas, smaller fuel Edlund and William Pledger, incorporates cells need an external reformer to accom- Scientists Develop a purification stage that produces greater plish the same thing. By eliminating the than 99.8% pure hydrogen with less than New Fuel for Fuel Cells need for a reformer, fuel cell production one part-per-million (ppm) of carbon mon- Researchers at Kogakuin University in To- costs could be drastically reduced. The oxide (CO) and less than one ppm of carbon kyo, Japan have developed a liquid fuel that scientists’ work was published in the Au- doxide (CO2). CO and CO2 can damage a can supply hydrogen to fuel cells more gust PEM fuel cell irreversibly. UAF’s Energy effectively than existing methods. The sys- 12 issue of the journal Nature. In earlier Lab will integrate the NPS fuel processor tem does not utilize a converter, extracting efforts, higher temperatures caused damage with a PEM fuel cell to determine the com- hydrogen through the use of a metallic to experimental fuel cells, while the cells mercial viability for providing electricity catalyst that functions without the need of were able to produce limited amounts of and heat in remote, arctic environments in complicated equipment. “Our technology electricity at lower temperatures. The re- Alaska. NPS already has developed a fuel will...allow manufacturers to make fuel cell searchers were able to make a fuel cell processor that converts methanol to hydro- vehicles that are as light as existing ve- function effectively at lower temperatures gen. hicles,” said Kogakuin professor Seijiro by using cerium oxide, a compound used in (NPS RELEASE: 8/17) Suda, who heads the research team. The catalytic converters that enabled the natural technology reportedly offers 5 to 10 times gas to react more quickly. The experimental the hydrogen absorption capacity of alloy Ford Gives Details development has been greeted with mixed hydrogen storage systems, which can only reviews so far. on Hybrid EV Program retain a maximum of one to two percent of (AP: 8/12) Ford recently gave more insight into its Low their weight in hydrogen. The fuel consists Storage Requirement (LSR) hybrid EV. of a chemical compound of metals and The LSR is said to be lighter and less Israelis Develop hydrogen. Normally metal and hydrogen complex than other hybrids currently being New Rechargeable Battery compounds are too volatile to handle safely, mar- but the team has developed a way to keep the Scientists in Israel recently announced they keted by other automakers, and represents a compound stable while easily extracting have developed a rechargeable battery that is “high-value” hybrid alternative. Accord- hydrogen as needed. About 10% by weight able to last 50% longer than conventional ing to Ford, the LSR relies on a 74-horse- of the fuel is hydrogen, which provides batteries. Researchers at the Israel Institute of power, four-cylinder aluminum DIATA sufficient energy for a vehicle to travel 400 Technology in Haifa said the battery is engine that’s lighter and more efficient than kilometers on 50 liters. This volume is similar in design to existing alkaline batter- traditional engines. The vehicle also uses a comparable to the amount of conventional ies, but utilizes a high-energy form of iron small high-power nickel metal hydride bat- gasoline required to travel the same dis- that can store more electrons than current tery and power electronics module that can energy-storing materials. In conventional restart the direct injection diesel engine in batteries, the negatively charged anode is less than 0.2 seconds. The battery is also usually made of zinc, and the positively

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 23

Current.piz.p65 23 3/25/00, 11:03 AM INDUSTRY NEWS

tance. (NIKKEI WEEKLY: 8/9) Water and Power (DWP) will install Minit- to increase production of the vehicle to 150 Charger EV quick charge units from this year and 300 in 2000, with the goal for Budget Rents Canada’s Norvik Traction at LAX and in 2004 of producing between 2,000 and 3,000. the downtown area. DWP hopes the net- The TWIKE currently retails for between EVs in Sacramento work will expand to 10 chargers at half a $16,000 and $18,000. The TWIKE can be Budget EV Rental Cars, a joint effort be- dozen sites. charged at any 220/230-volt electrical socket, tween EV Rental Cars and Budget Rent a (FLEETS AND FUELS: 8/9) and can travel as many as 55 miles on a Car Corporation, has announced the open- single charge at speeds in excess of 50 mph. ing of its first EV rental fleet in Sacramento, Scientists Discover A prototype version of the TWIKE debuted CA. Budget EV Rental Cars said it will more than a decade ago, although it did not initially offer a combined fleet of 20 EVs Hydrogen Storage Substance feature an electric engine. That modifica- including the Ford Ranger EV, General Scientists in Singapore say they have syn- tion was added in 1991, and the first models Motors’ EV1, the Honda EV PLUS and thesized a substance that can store hydrogen came off the assembly line in 1995. In Toyota’s RAV4-EV. The rentals will be gas better than any other material. The addition to producing the TWIKE, Schnyder offered at a special introductory rate start-ing National University of Singapore (NUS) and his collaborators have established a as low as $44 per day depending on the researchers developed the substance during distribution network and regional service model. When customers rent one of the ongoing efforts to produce a practical hy- centers to support customers. vehicles, a Budget EV Rental Car employee drogen fuel cell to power automobiles. Gen- (REUTERS: 8/2) will give drivers a 10-minute orientation on eral Motors already has expressed interest the vehicle and review travel plans with in the NUS finding and may work with the Police Agencies Look at EVs university to further develop the substance. them. Many of the EVs can travel up to 100 More law enforcement agencies may start to The NUS team began working on the fuel miles before needing to be recharged, Bud- refuel their vehicles via an electrical outlet, cell project two years ago after a new form get said. Currently, there are 100 electric rather than at the gas station, according to of carbon called carbon nanotubes was iden- charging stations in the Sacramento area, Bombardier Motor Corporation of America. tified by a Japanese researcher in 1991. The all of which offer free charging. Until re- “We began getting a lot of inquiries from cently, EVs were available only for long- new substance attracted attention because it local law enforcement” after introducing term lease. But now short-term renters can had several properties that promised practi- the Bombardier neighborhood EV in 1997, test drive an EV on a daily basis. cal commercial applications. One of the said Bryan Taylor of Melbourne, FL. Bom- (BUDGET EV RENTAL CARS RE- properties was its ability to absorb more gas bardier said it began looking at market LEASE:and liquid than many other materials, mak- potential for small EVs in the early 1990s. 8/10) ing it a candidate for use in hydrogen fuel It conducted studies that found 87% of cells or tanks. Though the new substance vehicle trips involved only one or two was promising, researchers needed to find a EVs to Join LAX Shuttle Program persons and generally took only 10 minutes way to produce a large amount of it with Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) or less. “We found there’s an opportunity to high purity and consistency. The NUS team will feature the world’s first emissions-free bridge the gap between the automobile and says it has developed a method to produce airport shuttle service as a fleet of 10 a golf cart,” he said. Bombardier then very pure, consistent samples of the sub- DaimlerChrysler minivans enter service at developed its neighborhood EV, which can stance, which could absorb up to 20% of its the airport later this year. Project organizer travel at 25 mph and has a range of up to 30 weight in hydrogen. Sam Smith said the plan is to make a big miles. It costs only about 40 cents to fully (INTERNATIONAL MARKET INSIGHT “media splash” with the introduction of recharge the vehicle. The neighborhood EV REPORTS: 8/9) the EVs and show Southern California resi- costs as little as $7,100. Since the vehicle dents “that we can put [EVs] in service and was introduced, the number of police de- make money with them.” Smith said the Swiss Company partments and law enforcement agencies electric minivans are virtually “grant-free,” Banking on Electric TWIKE using the company’s vehicles also has grown with the only public money being the utility The TWIKE, an electrically-powered three- that’s providing the chargers. Xpress Shuttle wheel vehicle, was a class project thought will operate the vans for door-to-door service up by students in Switzerland five years ago. from LAX to locations in the down- Now the creators of the TWIKE have started town area of Los Angeles. The company a production company and hope to go public will pay $450 per month for each of the Epic within five years. Inventor Ralph Schnyder minivans, with the total fleet size expected says his new company, TWIKE AG, hopes to reach 50. The Los Angeles Department of

Page 24 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 24 3/25/00, 11:03 AM For folks interested in baking For Sale - Circuits Published in DEVC from scratch, here ! DC-DC Converter, 300 W buck converter, non-isolated-used in Commuta-Car...... (3 pgs) is a list of circuits ! of my ’95 home- PPM variable frequency motor speed control used in Commuta-Car, tractor...... (4 pgs) built Electro- ! Individual Battery Charger, used on Electro-Metro to keep batts at + or -0.1(5 pgs + micropr) Metro with asso- ! Commuta Car Speed Control 2, 60V controller for tractor, NEV, or golf...... (5 pgs + micropr) ciated experiments, ! LiteBar, LED lightbar for brake lights, etc, using HP ultra-brights...... (1 pg) published previ- ! Solar Heating System_Controller, controls Grundfos circulating panel...... (3pgs. + micropr) ously ! in the DEVC. The Metro Charger and dashboard display, batt gauge, tach, temp, amps etc....(6pgs + micropr) schematics are $2 (uses PFC Ferro-Resonant transformer, or individual secondary transformer) per page, and the (36% more power to batts with PFC Ferro, 12A vs 7.5A ) software (3.5" ! Metrol, 800A 120V motor speed control...... (2pgs + micropr) floppy) for ! 1800W Switching charger with PFC, if into pain, lotsa parts...... (5pgs + micropr) projects using a microprocessor is ! 300W Individual Supply (one per battery) charger with PFC, if into pain...... (4pgs) $10. For those ! Instructions for converting a microwave oven transformer to a battery charger...... (1pg) who want a pre- ! programmed mi- Log Annunciator, controls fan & plays “Put Another Log on the Fire”...... (2pgs + micropr) croprocessorOrder from: ! Golf-Tractor speed control & charger 48V, 400A...... (3pgs + micropr chipSolectrol, they are ) $25184 .Vista Lane Fincastle, VA ! Battery Scanner, my favorite, displays all batteries & indicates bad batt...... (3pgs + micropr) 24090 ! Surround Sound Demystified, shows simple hook-up for surround sound...... (l pg) 540-473-1248 ! 200 W Class-D amp 95% efficient audio amp for batt applications...... (2pgs) Federal Funds Help Hawaiian EV Program Call / Request Senator Daniel Akaka (D-HI) recently announced that the Department of Transpor for tation and Department of Defense will pro- SWAP vide $1.6 million for three EV demonstra- Technical tion projects in Hawaii. The Hawaii Elec- FOR tric Vehicle Demonstration Project (HEVDP) will also receive another $2.9 Articles million in matching contributions from A new emphasis will soon participating organizations. HEVDP initi- GOOD ated its EV Ready State program in 1998. be placed on technical ar- The project is a joint venture between the ticles in Current EVents. Hawaiian Electric Company and Hawaii BATTERIES Electric Vehicles, Inc. with the goal of Anyone who would like to creating a rapid EV charging infrastructure share their design ideas, THROUGH THE in the state. Part of the new funds will be or experience in hardware used for the second phase of the EV Ready USED BATTERY State program. The first phase of the pro- are encouraged to submit gram procured the first nine of 18 rapid articles to CE. For those EXCHANGE chargers intended for installation on the interested, please contact island of Oahu. The second phase of the CALL DON AT program completed the purchase of the Kurt Bohan at: remaining nine, while phases three and four [email protected] -or- (408) 225-5446 of the project will bring rapid chargers to Maui, Hawaii and Kauai counties. Call (510) 814-1864. (AKAKA PRESS RELEASE: 7/23)

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 25

Current.piz.p65 25 3/25/00, 11:03 AM ALL CHAPTERS LISTING EAA CHAPTER LISTING

ARIZONA SAN FRANCISCO/PENINSULA EAA Jean Bardon, Acting President (650) 355-3060 PHOENIX EAA 540 Moana Way, Pacifica, CA 94044 Homepage: www.geocities.com/MotorCity/1759 Kathy Watson, President (602) 821-0646 Meetings: 1st Saturday/month, 10 a.m. 1131 East Flint St., Chandler, AZ 85225-5470 San Bruno Public Library. Meetings: 4th Saturday/month, 9:00 am 701 West Angus St. (at El Camino) location varies in Phoenix Arizona, contact (602) 250-2131 San Bruno, CA Homepage: http://www.primenet.com/~evchdlr/ SAN JOSE EAA CALIFORNIA Michael Thompson, Pres., Contact Person (408) 997-2404 E-mail: [email protected] US Mail: Roy Paulson, 1592 Jacob Ave. San Jose, CA 95118 NATIONAL EAA HEADQUARTERS USA Anna Cornell, Membership Secretary HomePage: http://members.aol.com/sjeaa Tel. 408-269-7937 60 Alan Dr., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523-1902 Meetings: 2nd Saturday/month, 10:00 am (call to confirm), Reid HomePage at http://www.eaaev.org/ Hillview Airport, 2350 Cunningham Ave. San Jose. (Hwy 680, Tel. (925) 685-7580 Capital Expressway (South), right onto Cunningham) EAST BAY EAA SACRAMENTO ELECTRIC VEHICLE ASSOCIATION Scottt Cornell, President (925) 685-7580 Tim Loree, President (916) 962-3044, (916) 568-3100 ex 2833 E-mail: [email protected] -or- [email protected] 2428 Wisconsin Dr. Citrus Heights, CA 95610-7432 60 Alan Dr., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523-1902 E-mail: [email protected] Meetings: 4th Saturday/month, 10:00am (call for Nov-Dec date) Meetings: Call Tim for new meeting time, place and date 2701 Monarch St., Hangar 20, Room 215 HomePage: www.calweb.com/~tonyc/sevahome.html Alameda Point, Alameda, CA (old Alameda Naval Air Station) From Hwy 880, take Broadway turnoff to Webster St.; from SAN DIEGO ELECTRIC VEHICLE ASSOCIATION Webster, go through the tube to Atlantic, right on Atlantic to the Scott C. Kennedy, President, (619) 658-4152 old Alameda Naval Air Station 1621 San Elijo Ave., Cardiff, CA 92007 Meetings: 4th Tuesday/month, 7pm Los Angeles EAA San Diego Automotive Museum Saxe Dobrin, President (310) 453-1531 2080 Pan American Plaza, 1630A Franklin, Santa Monica, CA 90404 San Diego, CA. Meetings: 1 st Saturday 10:00 am Cal Tech, Winnet Lounge, Pasadena, CA SILICON VALLEY EAA (Founding Chapter) Will Beckett, Pres., Contact (650) 494-6922, fax (650) 852-8384 NORTH BAY EAA 4189 Baker Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94306 Chuck Hursch, President (415) 927-1046 HomePage at http://www.geocities.com/MotorCity/1754/ 13 Skylark Dr. #13, Larkspur, CA 94939-1270 Meetings: 3rd Saturday/month, 10:00-12:00 am Email: [email protected] Hewlett-Packard, Santa Clara facility Homepage: www.ecoalliance.com/nbeaa/ 5301 Steven Creek Blvd. Meetings in Santa Rosa, CA: Call (415) 927-1046 for time and Santa Clara, CA exact location. (Lawrence Expressway and Stevens Creek)

Page 26 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 26 3/25/00, 11:03 AM ALL CHAPTERS LISTING

Shoney’s Restaurant, 6810 Menaul NE, Albuquerque, NM COLORADO

DENVER ELECTRIC VEHICLE COUNCIL (DEVC) NORTH CAROLINA George Gless, President (303) 442-6566 2940 13th St., Boulder, Co, 80304 TRIANGLE EAA Meetnigs: 3rd Saturday/month. Contact George for time and Jon Mauney, President (919) 834-4077 location 409 Brooks Ave., Raleigh, NC 27607 Meetings: 3rd Tuesday of the month, 5:30 PM, location varies MASSACHUSETTS ( Call Jon Mauney for details at 919-834-4077 ) Email [email protected] NEW ENGLAND EAA HomePage: www.rtpnet.org/teaa/ Tony Ascrizzi, President (508) 799-5977 34 Paine Street, Woercester, MA 01605 SOUTHEASTERN EVA E-mail: [email protected] Lawson Huntly, President (704) 283-1025 Meetings: Every 2nd Saturday 2:00 p.m. (call for directions) PO Box 1025 Monroe, NC 28111-1025 HomePage:www.norfolk-county.com/users/ws3f/neeahome.htm Meetings: Call Lawson for date, time and location PIONEER VALLEY TEXAS Karen Jones, President (413) 549-4999, (413) 253-1633 P.O.Box 153 Amherst, MA 01004 HOUSTON EAA Meetings: 3rd Saturday/month (Jan.-Nov.), 2pm Ken Bancroft, Contact Person, (713) 729-8668 Jones Library (Amhurst Rm), Amherst, MA 4301 Kingfisher St., Houston, TX Meetings: 3rd Thursday each month 6:30PM MISSOURI/KANSAS Citizens National Bank - Activity Center 5217 Cedar St., Bellaire TX (Take Bellaire exit off West MID-AMERICA 610 Loop go west on Bellaire about 1 mile to Ferris, turn right one Bruce Edgeworth, President (816) 524-4734 block to Cedar, Activity Center on right) Mike Chancey, Treas., 1700 East 80th St. Kansas City, MO 64131 NORTH TEXAS EAA E-mail: Mike Chancey [email protected] (816) 822-8079 Paul Schaffer, President (972)-437-1584 HomePage at http://www.geocities.com/MotorCity/Downs/4214/ 430 Ridge Crest, Richardson, TX 75080-2532 Meetings: Contact Mike for meeting time and location. Email: [email protected] Meetings: 3rd Thursday/mo, see www.engr.tcu.edu/nteaa for NEVADA time and location

LAS VEGAS EAA UTAH William Kuehl, President (702) 645-2132 4504 W. Alexander Rd. North Las Vegas, NV 89030 WEST VALLEY CITY EAA E-mail: [email protected] Harry Van Soolen, President (801) 989-1130 Meetings: call (702) 642-4000 for time and place. 3622 S. 4840 W., West Valley City, UT 84120 Meetings: Contact Harry for date, time and location NEW MEXICO VIRGINIA ALBUQUERQUE EAA Neil Wicai, President (505) 899-8420 CENTRAL VIRGINIA EAA 19 Santa Maria, Corrales, NM 87048 Brian Murphy, President, (804) 530-7734 E-mail: [email protected] 1902 Riggers Station Dr., Colonial Heights, VA 23834 Meetings: 1st Tues/month, 7:00 PM Meetings: 3rd Wednesday/month, Richmond Technical Center, Westwood Ave., Richmond, VA 23834

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 27

Current.piz.p65 27 3/25/00, 11:03 AM ALL CHAPTERS LISTING Board of Directors Electric Auto Association

Chair, CE editor WASHINGTON Clare Bell 2701 Monarch Street, Suite 136, Alameda, CA 94501 Tel (510) 864-9293 -or- Fax (510) 864-9293, PORT TOWNSEND / NORTHERN OLYMPIC E-mail: [email protected]

PENINSULA ELECTRIC CAR CLUB (NOPEC) Vicechair Karl Schreiber (360) 385-3532 Kurt Bohan 11 Kanu Dr. Port Townsend, WA 98368 2701 Monarch Street, Suite 136 Meetings: 3rd Saturday/month, 10 AM Alameda, CA 94501 Port Townsend High School Shop Tel. (510) 814-1864 Fax (510) 864-9293 E-mail: [email protected]

SEATTLE EVA Secretary Steven S. Lough, President, (206) 524-1351, Fax (206)526-5348 Scott Cornell 6021 32nd Ave., N.E., Seattle, WA 98115-7230 60 Alan Dr., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523-1902 Meetings: Contact Steve for time and location Tel (925) 685-7580, E-Mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] -or- [email protected] WWW Site: http://www.halcyon.com/slough/seva.html Treasurer Stan Skokan 1020 Parkwood Wy, Redwood City, CA 94061-3691 WASHINGTON DC Tel (650) 366-0643 Fax (650) 306-0137 Board Members ELECTRIC VEHICLE ASSOCIATION OF WASHINGTON Anna Cornell 60 Alan Dr., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523-1902 DC (EVA/DC) Tel (925) 685-7580, Dave Goldstein (President) (301) 869-4954 E-mail: [email protected] 9140 Centerway Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20879-1882 George Gless E-mail: [email protected] 2940 13th St., Boulder, CO 80304 Meetings: 2nd or 3rd Tuesday/month at 7 p.m. Tel (303) 442-6566, Fax (303) 442-6566 National Institute of Health (NIH) Building 31-C, 6th floor conference rooms, in Bethesda, MD. Call for more information or Jesse James directions. 8460 E. Pepper Tree Lane, Scottsdale, AZ 85251 Tel (602) 607-9053 H, (602) 968-8068 W, Fax (602) 968 9838 E-mail: [email protected] CANADA Roy Kaylor 20,000 Big Basin Way, Boulder Creek, CA 95006 Tel (831) 338-2200 Fax (831) 458-2400 VANCOUVER ELECTRIC VEHICLE ASSOCIATION E-mail: [email protected] P.O. Box 3456, 349 W. Georgia St., Vancouver British Colum- Tim Loree bia, Canada, V6B 3Y4 7428 Wisconsin Dr., Citrus Hights, CA 95610-7432 Bill Glazier, Contact (604) 980-5819 Tel (916) 967-3044 H, (916) 568-3100 x.2833 W 3344 Baird Rd. North Vancouver, B.C. Canada V7K 2G7 Fax (916) 863-0303, E-mail: [email protected] HomePage at http://www.veva.bc.ca/ E-mail: [email protected] Meetings: 3rd Saturday/month 7:30 p.m., BC Transit Center Bruce Parmenter Cafeteria. (Located off of Kitchener between Boundary and 331 E.Evelyn, Mtn.View, CA 94041 Tel (650) 694-2392 Gilmore in Gilmore in Burnaby) E-mail: [email protected] -or- [email protected]

EAA Chapter List Bill Wedmore 7711 East North Lane, Scottsdale, AZ 85258-1132 Chapter contacts and meeting locations. Most verified Tel (602) 998-1821 H, Fax (602) 998-5863 as of 9/1/99. For information about the Electric Auto E-mail: [email protected] Association, call 1-925-685-7580

Page 28 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 28 3/25/00, 11:03 AM MEMBER WANT ADS - FOR SALE - MEMBER WANT ADS - FOR SALE -

For Sale: 1980 Citi-Car/Comuta-Car by Sebring- Vanguard. Body white/white interior, excellent condition. (8) good batteries. Only runs in low + mid-range, needs hi-range contactor or Curtis controller conver- For Sale: 1981 Bradly GT II. Fully licensed in CA. sion. 1300 original miles. Asking $2500 as-is or $4500 Always garaged. Mint condition. 2,700 miles, $5,000, after conversion. Come see in Colorado. Call Charlie at includes 110/220 charger. (760) 721-2454. I have been (970) 879-5300 days or (970) 879-2408 even. a member for a long time now and, pushing 82 years, am in the position where I can no longer care for my For Sale: VW Bus. Good daily driver, converted 6 Bradley years ago - very reliable. New battery pack. New tire, GT II Electric. It is with some reluctance that I must brakes, front end. AM/FM cassette. Have spent over find $12,000 on conversion and rebuild. Seats 5 plus lots of a new home for this faithful vehicle. Robert M. Linden, room for "stuff". Price $7,900 Call James (408)5061 Col. USAF (ret.) 5253 Harvest Court, Oceanside, CA 92057-1825. Tel. (760) 721-2454. MEMBER WANT AD RATES For Sale: 1982 VW SCIROCCO VoltsRabbit conversion. Reliable daily driver since 1994. Great condi- WANT ADS: Print clearly or submit typed copy of your ad with your name, address, and phone number. The tion. Come see in foster City, CA. $5,000. Call Steve EAA is Lee at (650) 345-0674. not responsible for the accuracy of ads. Want ads must be received before the 1st of each month and must include payment to run in the next issue of CE. For Sale: 1980 Jet Dodge Omni Hatchback Electric Car. 120 volts with Trojan Batteries. Gas Heater, 4 $10 for the first 35 words. Each additional word, 25 cents. Want ads are available to EAA members for the sale speed, pmc Controller. Invicta tires. White with blue of electric vehicles, equipment and parts only. If you want interior. All electric gauges work as original car gauges. to run your ad in more than one issue, please specify and $4,000.00 Call Daniel Rivest at (415) 388-0838. include payment for each issue requested. For corrections or updates, please send a written note 1979 Cushman 3 wheeled “meter maid” vehicle. 72 or fax to EAA Want Ads at (510) 864-9293. Photographs of your vehicles may be submitted with your ad. If room is volts professional conversion complete with on board available, we run one photo each issue. These photos will charger and DC-DC converter. Less batteries (use’s six not be 12 volt), 700 original miles, like brand new. $1400.00, returned. Send your Member Want Ad request and check payable to: will entertain offers or trades. Comes with all manuals, Contact Anthony at: (415) 682-7142 or S2dee@ aol.com EAA Want Ads, Hanger 20 2701 Monarch Street, Suite 136 Alameda, California 94501

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 29

Current.piz.p65 29 3/25/00, 11:03 AM Electric Auto Association (EAA) Membership Application

New Member: .______USA: .______Note: EAA membership dues are Renewal: .______Canada: .______tax deductible in the USA Other Country: .______as allowed by the IRS.

Date: ._____/_____/______

Name: .______Company: .______Street: .______Phone: . Hm-______Wk-______City: .______Fax: .______State: .______Zip:______Country: .______

If a new member, where did you hear about the EAA ?______EAA Chapter you attend or support:______I need chapter information:______

Membership / Vehicle Information — Please complete if new or changed

Please identify your primary areas of interest relating to EAA (Please rank your your choice with a “1” being most important, “2” second, etc.)

1: .______Hobby / Builder 2: .______Professional (EVs are a source of income for you) 3: .______Competition (Rallies, Races, and Records) 4: .______Environmental and Government Regulations for EVs 5: .______Social (Rallies, Shows, Dinners, Other) 6: .______New Technology and Research 7: .______Promotion and Public Awareness of EVs 8: .______Student or General Interest 9: .______Electrathon / Bicycle / Off-road Vehicles 10: .______Owner / Driver of Electric Commute Vehicle 11: .______Other: Please Specify:______

Number of total EVs you have ever owned ?:______Number of EVs you now own ?:______

Please describe any Electric Vehicles you now own or are building: (if more than one, attach information on each)

Vehicle Lic#:______State:______Country:______Vehicle Type:______Make/Model:______Model Year:______Converted Yr:______Number of Wheels:______Motor Type:______Controller type:______Batteries: No./Type:_____/______%Completed______Pack Voltage:______Avg. EV Mi./Week:______Avg. EV Trips/Week:______Other Features:______Comments:______

Please make your check or money order for appropriate amount (see below), payable to the Electric Auto Association, fasten it to this form and mail it to :

Electric Auto Association USA $39 /yr (U.S. Dollars only) P.O. Box 6661 Canada $42 /yr International $45 /yr Concord, CA 94524

Note: All information and statistics in this application are for the exclusive use of the EAA. We never sell or loan our mailing lists. ver 8/29/97

Page 30 Current EVents / August-September '99

Current.piz.p65 30 3/25/00, 11:03 AM EAA Store Order Form

Printed materials CE Selected Current EVents (specify specific issue) $3.00 each issue CEFY Current EVents - Full year {specify specific year) $20.00 each year PB001 Discovered: The Perfect EV Battery $2.00 FW001 Flywheel Energy Storage $5.00 PV 2000 1998 Preview 2000 by Electrifying Times (Nov./Dec. 98 CE) $5.95 BG 1997 1997 Buyer’s Guide to Electric Vehicles (April 97 CE) $5.00 BG 1996 1996 Buyer’s Guide to Electric Vehicles (Feb. 96 CE) $4.00 TT001 Team Tucson Land Speed Record Plans $5.00 IDX001 EAA Current Events Index - 10 Years! $4.00 XA100 EAA XA-100 Hybrid $5.00 Other EV items BS800 Bumper Sticker with 800 number 3.75x15 inch $3.00 BS002 Bumper Sticker with "the Switch is On”, 3.75x15 inch $3.00 CAP001 100% Cotton Cap, Forest Green with Yellow Ink $8.00 DC001 Decal - black and red, 3x9 inch, for Window $3.50 KC001 Key Chain with LED light and “30 Years 1967-1997” $2.50 MUG002 Thermal Mug $6.50 MUG003 Porcelain Mug $5.50 PS001 Polo Shirt w/ embroidered logo select shirt color & size: Teal Green, Forest Green or Navy (s,m,l,xl) $30.00 SS001 Auto Window Sun Shade with Logo $8.00 PN001 Ball point writing pen with EAA and 800 number $1.00 CS001 Current Solutions/Motor Show Video Tape (14 minute runtime) $15.00 WL001 Window Literature Holder (fits pages 8 5 x 11 inch) $25.00 PARK01 "EV Parking Only" Sign (18"x12") green icon $25.00

Electric Auto Association Store Order Form EAA Store Send order to: 5820 Herma St. San Jose, CA 95123-3410

Name ______Phone ______Address ______City ______St, ______Zip ______

Item # Size/Color Quantity Item Description Unit Cost Amount

Subtotal

Postage ( 10% of subtotal, for USA* )

Handling $2.00

Total

* for Canada add 15% or for other foreign destination add 25 % for postage

Current EVents / August-September '99 Page 31

Current.piz.p65 31 3/25/00, 11:03 AM KTA p32a999

N ON-PROFIT ELECTRIC AUTO ASSOCIATION O RGANIZATION U.S. POSTAGE P.O. Box 6661, Concord, CA 94524 PAID SUNNYVALE CA # # Address Correction Requested PERMIT NO. 420

# Time Dated Material - Please Do Not Hold #

Current.piz.p65 32 3/25/00, 11:03 AM