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Asian Studies Review Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713613499 Private Love in Public Space: Love Hotels and the Transformation of Intimacy in Contemporary Japan Ho Swee Lin a a University of Oxford,

Online Publication Date: 01 March 2008 To cite this Article: Lin, Ho Swee (2008) 'Private Love in Public Space: Love Hotels and the Transformation of Intimacy in Contemporary Japan', Asian Studies Review, 32:1, 31 - 56 To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/10357820701872094 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357820701872094

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Internet from libertine’s escape website, a ‘‘off-the-wall The Internet for and spot hotels. hedonism, a to as love monument Japan a in some hotel love of the described facilities gear. and sado-masochistic features with fanciful vibrating complete have tube, with dungeons, equipped still like pneumatic While characters, out hotels by glass. cartoon decked higher-end with frosted or settled utilitarian, decorated of beds, rooms bill pane rather as a are the such behind hotels features hands and love of Their buttons pair cheaper rooms women. a of with the or for panel minimal, machines, products is cash a staff bath automatic from with and interaction selected most beauty and in often discreet, cosmetics, found condom-dispensing extremely usually of although lighting, not are set, range are coloured entrances television that a bathtub, two a glass and or and transparent, feature machine 146). room a a p. as shower least 2005, such at a (West, with homes, bed, US come the a to in with seem town’’ the they rooms like of basic areas, parts marginal wrong offer in the Most located in facilities joints cheap low-rent run-down, ‘‘seedy, not are Japan in hotels @a Inc J@pan htlv oesaea nerlpr fteclua,pyia,adeconomic and physical, cultural, the of part integral an are hotels love That oehls,temda sawy,pee ofcso h estoa n sleazy and sensational the on focus to prefer always, as media, the Nonetheless, uebtroscnanset n re oes ed otrwi the in throw to ready getaway. flowers, Asian dried or and grotto ( watery scents tub resort, whirlpool contain tropical bathrooms as rooms such Huge The towers. themes, office have windowless often or lodges jungle-draped houses, rooming otn h uub,teno-i oesotnlo iefu ate rgarish or castles faux like nights and look Arabian ramps often the freeway hotels from around neon-lit Clustered villages the miss. suburbs, to the hard dotting are hotels’’ ‘‘love Japan’s ,Jl 04.Mn aaeepol aeas rtse gis the against protested also have people Japanese Many 2004). 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Downloaded By: [University of Oxford] At: 13:58 28 February 2008 niiuto htegnester-eulsto fsl n ed othe to leads and of self process mediated of a is re-sexualisation that the change space. a public Love change; engenders of sex. feminisation that of of that of de-territorialisation symbol the processes commer- to individuation a The increasing led are an society. also spaces the have about in hotel despite intimacy brought self-identity roles sexual have one’s of gendered that modify cialisation of and globalisation to days way and expected the a modernisation since one’s become changed has of It has performance life. lot in a happily issues indirectly, However, serious or xi). directly – p. it 1991, the by touched (Seigle, were tragically’’ people or many but existence, its of Yoshiwara on but therefore and re-negotiate, to relations are necessary spaces but it marital hotel finding Love Women are in terms. stability, marriage. men women’s from inequities as reasons. sex emotional contested, re-align highly separating become by personal and to thus intimacy of space and identity domains public new create marriage social economic in from married, sex status, or especially for fulfilment, appropriating or emotional life, social important and divorced sexual of one’s for more single, site aspects main securing is the other as for one or important from less in space disrupt whether be sex commercialised to sex not appears of this of does situate married, Regardless separation that are that marriage. who the intimacy those intimacy permits of For of form also forms. other one domains with as new interfere space develop public to commercialised, public one stage. individuals becomes symbolic enabling thus its as spheres hotels public love in sexuality with Sex the self, labour. one’s challenge of of and differentiated representation division contestation, historically sexual and on has resistance and based collapses. of that meaning boundary site dichotomisation of age a negotiations private/public the represent for as thus space self-actualisation hotels a and Love the up in self-identity rooms opens hotel of actually of love constructions this to conservatism activities the but sexual and sphere, their being media confine – public mass may face – liberalising they educators ambiguities the and The between parents adults. crossfire as the recognition of in lack caught a them. to transforms due and them intimate denied enables also or being it commodify private without potentially individuals, can other of gratification, intimacy experiences one’s physical sexual sexual for of with for the commercialisation and purely interfering such They sex While or time. experiences space. of and reproduction intimate space pursuit with in the and associated be for may pleasurable allow these casual, also limited however of for self-identities, possibilities multiple a diversity constructing and ‘‘self’’, new the a have of of men, emergence the heterosexual project exploring enables for a that love space becomes platform Japan’s sexual the – commercialised, 1991). of become ends of Giddens, epitome other people (see the to endeavour once for means it desirable hotels, be a also a – as and sex but or responsibility Pursuing itself, personal couple young. in the married end and an women heterosexual as for particularly the positions, for social varying only not important oehtl oa r smc nitga ato aaeesceya the as society Japanese of part integral an much as are today hotels Love by boundaries gender of re-drawing a for allows space hotel love adults, older For is that adulthood to passage a as public in sex appropriating are Japanese Young Yoshiwara a nishya nEoscey hn‘ntol a vr dieaware Edoite every was only ‘‘not when society, Edo in heyday its in was e oa sn ogramria atrbthsbcm n fthe of one become has but matter marginal a longer no is today Sex . rvt oei ulcSaei Japan in Space Public in Love Private 51 Downloaded By: [University of Oxford] At: 13:58 28 February 2008 Notes 52 1 h ej etrto,wihbgni 88 akdtebgnigo oenJapanese modern of beginning the marked 1868, in began which Restoration, Meiji The 11. 0 flgedrage in argued Pflugfelder 10. oSe Lin Swee Ho .Tefua eid nJpngnrlyrfrt h ue fpwru hgnts–fmle and families – shogunates powerful of rules the to refer generally Japan in periods feudal The 9. .Sil 19)sgetd iigper rmteanthology the from poetry citing suggested, (1991) Seigle 8. today people Japanese that indicated 2005 in Institute Research Nomura by conducted survey A 7. in Welfare and Labour Health, of Ministry Japan’s by published report a cited (2001) Ichikawa 6. women of number the Communications, and Affairs Internal until of woman Ministry per Japan’s children to According 1.29 of 5. low all-time an at languishing been had rate fertility Japan’s 4. Research Security Social and Population of Institute National Japan’s by published report A 3. Communication and Information of Ministry Japan’s maker of condom Bureau the Statistical by the 2001 to in According conducted survey 2. sex global a on study his based (2005) West 1. oa ite o e n oe ogomte sdtfl aroi ujcs oiyaesand policymakers state-approved the subjects, introduce patriotic as to dutiful, Emperor efforts as their Meiji them groom of the to part with women as and state 1890, men to after the for decades virtues of the moral changes foundation In of nation. the the ideology constitutional as of The family head imperialism. and the Western used of family-state] modernisation threat [the the against military nation the industrialisation, strengthen and compulsory rapid of relations implementation the gender education, particularly programs, and warrior- rigorous class various the 104). through p. in by nationalism, hence 1999, quo driven (Pflugfelder, rulership’’, status was large’’ order’’ at the however, virtuous social community ‘‘preserving sex, stabilized [the] and of of and within pacified purpose regulation harmony sage a legal the a of The for ‘‘guardians bureaucrats 104). upon as only p. act also not 1999, to fell (Pflugfelder, but authorities behavior, Edo households, sexual the proper prompting and including individuals conduct, ethical upon promoting for responsibility zciMmym eid(58–10)adteTkgw rEopro 10 1867). – (1600 period 1573), Edo – (1336 or period Tokugawa Muromachi the the and 1333), 1600) – – (1192 (1568 period period Kamakura Azuchi-Momoyama the (Seigle, including productivity – and warlords fertility agricultural of societies, symbol similar shamanistic other many 1). a in p. as as encouraged and, society was agrarian sex an fundamentally was Japan provinces. evs a 5) htdrn h aapro 70–8)mnadwmnejydtefree the enjoyed women and men 84) [ – (710 festivals song period bi-annual at Nara especially the sex, and during love of that exchange 759), ca. leaves, r oecnendaotpesr,cnupin elhcr n o euiyta hyare they than security job relations. and family care and by health education consumption, headed children’s their pleasure, were about about households concerned single-parent more of are from cent cent per per 68.4 20 that by increased and had 1998, women. households divorced in mother 954,900 single to of number 1993 the three cent. that all per showing in paid 83.8 2001 women in to working risen women of had population of figure total more number that the is The 2005, of what In workers. cent However, categories. per salaried self-employment 70.7 2005. becoming from for in 1995, to accounted since million employment women businesses 26.3 for family employment to of running pattern 1985 and the in in shift million the and 23 is important Labour from Health, rose of employment Ministry in the by reported as 1.32, 2006. to March slightly over in women rose Welfare for first figure 28.0 the at to when age 23.0 2006, from mean and the men, for that 2005 showed in 29.8 2007 period. to same March 1985 the in in 25.9 Welfare) from and rose marriage Labour Health, of two-person household (Ministry per same persons of 3.2 the a 2020. from proportion estimated over decline in (1998) will cent 2.5 the Japan Research to per in Security 1980 while size 26 household Social in to average 2005, and the cent Population that and per ago of decade 18 Institute 1985 approximately National between The from period. increased households 28 also to all cent had per 20 households of a approximately from of cent risen report had households per another one-person publish of to proportion the yet (2006), has company The Japan. detail. in and sex scale of similar frequency the on Durex atgahe fDesire of Cartographies 19)ta ‘ofcaimepaie htthe that emphasized ‘‘Confucianism that (1999) Man’yoshu kagai or utagahi Cleto f10,000 of (Collection nteeastern the in ] kazoku-kokka Downloaded By: [University of Oxford] At: 13:58 28 February 2008 7 h word The 17. to refer to singles’’ ‘‘parasite term the coined (1999) Masahiro Yamada sociologist Japanese 16. that 2007 April 19 on reported analytica1st as known group consultancy Internet-based Japan’, An Contemporary 15. in Inequality and Family, ‘Motherhood, entitled thesis doctoral her In a 14. for called legislation new the hotels, love of operations the regulating and limiting of Instead 13. and violence prostitution, as such acts criminal in increase an that explained (2005) West 12. 9 hae uhas such Phrases 19. childless and unmarried are who women of problems the to (2005) Chizuru by reference The 18. erdc,adaeteeoescal aube niethe unlike valuable; invariably socially are women therefore and are continue, still the and that Sakai’s of social 2006). media reproduce, categories: (Yamaguchi, the meaning for two partners in marriage the into call debates find divided but to public deriding to for failure huge adopting, parlance their was sparked common for now the work 30s intention of are their part original in become women women to Her then single lifestyles since children. expanded of rapidly has diversity without expression the 30s of their not acceptance in is this women while homes, single parents’ 274). their of p. to due out 2004, was move (Kingston, explains, and men (2004) marry of Kingston to expected Jeff women on as reporting of men), partial expectations unmarried Such social to out. to contrast dining lavish and (in mothers selfish, shopping women albeit travel, indulgent unmarried independent, idea foreign an with Yamada’s of enjoying lifestyle onto women be self-indulgent, http://analytica1st.com/ Japanese latched and young to quickly of at media image preferring The an parents. and found portrayed and be stressed parents, becoming be to and their married can reported with getting were living report users people The unmarried Internet age. mobile of active most years from The increase 19 – an analytica1st/2007/04/latest-survey-mobile-internet-usage-in.html. year. 12 2007, in previous week of a the once schoolgirls least cent cent at per phone per 54 mobile a Approximately 40 from telephones. Internet mobile the their accessed via users internet of the accessing are Japanese all more of cent decade. per a 1 around nearly hovered for have marriage Japan fall outside in births to childbirths that 89). stated – order 162 (2002) Ezawa pp. in Elise restructure 2005, Aya refurbishments (West, did minimal hotels that love made those statutory only to while unrelated some afford, categories although [government not within profitable, could ‘‘by operators more decided small became be many to which are restructuring which 73). – opposite of 162 of pp. equipment customers 2005, by and (West, rest order’’ simply for facilities, enforcement] hotels or structure, love night defining all the staying – sexes, for hotels specifically business designed ordinary revised establishments from the as hotels However, which establishments. love government, new distinguishes local of hardly the approval profitable law with and register the location to into hours, hotels tap advertising, love to regulates all emerge requires family-run to legislation were new began hotels The hotels love business. the love most or commercially-run Although authorities large, proprietors. the many the by businesses, regulated by systematically self-regulated not revise were Entertainment were to but the hotels industry, 1984 love Before effect, establishments. in into these authorities came regulating Japanese 1985 begin Law led to hotels 1948 love Law with Entertainment associated the were 296). that p. crime 1993, organised (Uno, system educational the in ideal of this ideal institutionalised the promulgating started bureaucrats opoe oei oit n r eulyrpesd(aauh,2006). is tale (Yamaguchi, the repressed of sexually have thrust are they main and the because night, society men at in young boy role assault lost sexually proper tale a who no folk attacking old hag women the demon post-menopausal Although lonely unmarried, birth. a about giving of or is marrying to not refers women she about debate the to further adds production. monetary in only engaging TeLwrScey 20)t ee opol uha hs h eetmrig n hs who those wages. and low marriage very reject receive a who they those keeping though as of even work such like his instead people they in to basis phrases jobs refer freelance these choose to uses (2005) a example, Society] on for Lower pursue or who Miura, [The those Atsushi part-time among job. Japan working full-time in as regular popular increasingly such become lifestyles, have choice alternative one’s of life of kind makeinu iu ahiseikatsu rashii jibun a rtcie yfelneJpns rtrSkiJnoi 04t ee to refer to 2004 in Junko Sakai writer Japanese freelance by coined first was kachiinu and wne os,t ee owmnwoaemridand married are who women to refer to dogs], [winner iu ahk itehoshii rashiku jibun rvt oei ulcSaei Japan in Space Public in Love Private ryo ˆ a kenbo sai stepoe oe o oe,and women, for roles proper the as htdsrb n’ eiefrthe for desire one’s describe that makeinu ssls ednisin tendencies selfish ’s ayˆShakai Karyuˆ 53 Downloaded By: [University of Oxford] At: 13:58 28 February 2008 uia aio(99 I’ l ohrsfut:Cidaeadtescaiaino okn ohr in mothers working of socialization the and Childcare (1999) fault’: Futabasha Mother’s all ‘It’s (1989) Mariko Fujita, (2004) Harald Fuess, ocut ihl(90 h ofsino h eh nClnGro (ed), Gordon Colin in flesh, the of confession The (1980) Michel Foucault, lio,An (1994) Anne Allison, References 54 idn,Atoy(1991) Anthony Giddens, Japan. in usage internet Mobile (2007) analytica1st (2000) Anne Allison, zw,AaEie(02 ohrod aiy n nqaiyi otmoayJapan contemporary in inequality and family, Motherhood, (2002) Elise Aya Ezawa, (1989) Walter started. gets Edwards, fund hotel June Love 19 Upfront: (2004) Agency, John Intelligence Dodd, Central Japan. factbook: uncertainties. world other and The ‘‘Individuality’’ (2007) 1990s: Agency the Intelligence in Central Japan in reform Educational (2001) Peter Cave, idn,Atoy(1992) Anthony Giddens, oda,Rgr(1990) Roger Goodman, (1992) C. Mary Brinton, (1991) Nicholas Bornoff, hotels’. ‘love famous Japan’s eye Investors (2005) Gazette Featherstone Sex M. Asian in economy, (2005) cultural Miura global Atsushi, the in difference and Disjuncture (1990) Arjun Appadurai, Japan. knowledge Urbana-Champaign. Illinois, of University Ciao nvriyo hcg Press). Chicago of University (Chicago: Press). https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/ at 2007 ja.html June 30 Accessed 2007. Education Comparative Press). California of University http://www.japaninc.com/article/php?articleID Cmrde Polity). (Cambridge: http://www.asiansexgazette.com/asg/japan/japan03news44.htm at 2007 June 30 Accessed (ed), http://analytica1st.com/analytica1st/2007/04/latest-survey-mobile-internet-usage-in.html at 2007 0 ept h iigtedfor trend rising the Despite 20. 2 h blto ftesxa obesadr olwn h nrdcino h e ii oein of Code Civil cent New per the of 68.4 introduction around the following that standard double 2003 sexual in the of reported abolition The Welfare and 22. Labour Health, of Ministry The 21. oSe Lin Swee Ho h sitneo a of assistance the omiai h rviiggne oeepcain tl moemrlsntoso oe who women on sanctions moral impose still expectations become marriages role that their given gender harsh, ‘‘misbehave’’. are remains when women reality prevailing married in the more security infidelity self-fulfilment, that for the suggesting marital marriage be marital women’s outside may to relationships media to abandon popular attached may turning the stigma While Japan and social waned. in not the has women divorce 107), Japan divorce married p. in their more risk 1993, increase that of (Iwao, an to insistence unsatisfactory and grounds divorce scholars’ on willing on some divorce sanctions (Fuess, despite be legal for and breakdown the file Japan, in marital to in changes or rates despite ability whereabouts Still, the 117). unknown Japan p. desertion, 2004, in malicious women adultery, and spouse’s men both 2001). gave Ichikawa, 1948 (see women divorced by headed were arrange households to single-parent once than more married. tried were had they parents before their them said for informants my of Several children. lblclue ainls,goaiainadmodernity and globalization nationalism, culture, Global ora fJpns Studies Japanese of Journal p 1 6(ee epta:Harvester). Hempstead: (Hemel 16 – 215 pp. , arne arae]or marriages] [arranged ueuknfaso oeumeisho hoteru fuasshon Yumekuˆkan emte n rhbtddesires prohibited and Permitted ioc nJapan in Divorce ihwr:Sxaiy laue n oprt aclnt naTkohsesclub hostess Tokyo a in masculinity corporate and pleasure, Sexuality, Nightwork: ayˆshakai Karyuˆ oe n h cnmcmrce edradwr npswrJapan postwar in work and Gender miracle: economic the and Women aa’ itrainlyouth’ ‘international Japan’s iksamurai Pink h rnfraino niay eult,lv n rtcs nmdr societies modern in eroticism and love Sexuality, intimacy: of transformation The oent n self-identity and Modernity oenJpntruhisweddings its through Japan Modern nako 72,p.13–91. – 173 pp. 37(2), ˆ do g-ewe]t epfidsial aia atesfrterunmarried their for partners marital suitable find help to [go-between] Tko Kobunsha). (Tokyo: ea kekkon renai iikekkon miai Clfri:Safr nvriyPress). University Stanford (California: Lno:GatnBooks). Grafton (London: 51,p.6 91. – 67 pp. 15(1), lv arae ic h 90 Ewrs 99 .17), p. 1989, (Edwards, 1980s the since marriage] [love ¼ r tl ieypatsdb ocre aet seeking parents concerned by practised widely still are analytica1st ˆ 1367&page Cmrde Polity). (Cambridge: Ofr:Ofr nvriyPress). University Oxford (Oxford: Bree:Uiest fClfri Press). California of University (Berkeley: Tko Futabasha). (Tokyo: @a Inc. J@pan ¼ 9Arl20.Acse 2November 22 Accessed 2007. April 19 , Lno:Sage). (London: 1 Safr,C:Safr University Stanford CA: (Stanford, sa e Gazette Sex Asian uy cesd3 ue20 at 2007 June 30 Accessed July. , ihlFual:Power/ Foucault: Michel 0Fbur 2005. February 20 , . otrlthesis, Doctoral (Berkeley: miai Downloaded By: [University of Oxford] At: 13:58 28 February 2008 tvn,Mia(98 hoiiggne,pwradmdriyi ffletAi,i rsn e and Sen Krishna in Asia, affluent in modernity and power gender, Theorising (1998) Maila Stivens, aa,Ak 20)Jpnslv oesflr ihrti investors. retail with flirt hotels love Japan’s (2007) Aiko Wakao, LovehoMap ege eii eaa(1991) Segawa Cecilia Seigle, aa,Jno(2004) Junko Sakai, unr ra .(1996) S. Bryan Turner, (2002) Yukari Suzuki, n,Ktle .(93 et f‘odwf,ws ohr?i nrwGro (ed), Gordon Andrew in mother’? wise wife, ‘good of Death (1993) S. Kathleen Uno, uryJapan. Quirky oeto,Jnie (1991) Jennifer Robertson, et ak(2005) Mark West, flgedr rgr .(1999) M. critique. Gregory cultural and Pflugfelder, Subjectivity (2005) Sherry Ortner, aaoo eel ne(04 odplc,po rcie:Sxaiyeuaini aaeemiddle Japanese in education Sexuality practice?: poor policy, Good (2004) Anne Beverly Yamamoto, aauh,Tmm 20)‘oe os n dmnhg’ igewmni aa n h declining the and Japan in women Single hags’: ‘demon and dogs’ ‘Loser (2006) Tomomi Yamaguchi, (1999) Masahiro Yamada, er,TkeSgym (1976) Sugiyama Takie Lebra, (2004) Jeff Kingston, ainlIsiueo ouainadSca euiyRsac (2006) Research Security Social and Population of Institute National projections households of Overview (1998) Research Security Social and Population of Institute National Japan. in nights 12 An hotels, 10 (1987) personhood: Gloria Levitas, Japanese about debates cultural and Hikikomori (2006) Sachiko Kaneko, iao hzr (2005) Chizuru Misago, (2004) Communications and Affairs Internal of Ministry sexual of theorization interpretive an Towards woman? a like Faking (2007) Scott Sue and Stevi Jackson, rs,Eiaeh(95 xeietldsr:R-hnigqersbetvt,in subjectivity, queer Re-thinking desire: Experimental (1995) Elizabeth Grosz, ciaa ai(2001) Maki Ichikawa, wo uio(1993) Sumiko Iwao, (1999) Shoichi Inoue, al tvn (eds), Stivens Maila Press). Hawai’i of University thttp://today.reuters.com/news/articlebusiness.aspx?type at history nee n odn nvriyo aionaPress). California of University London: and Angeles Routledge). e eh:Sg Publications). Sage Delhi: New Bree,LsAglsadLno:Uiest fClfri Press). California of University London: and Angeles Los (Berkeley, www.quirkyjapan.or.tv/hotels.html 13&WTModLoc 06(oy:Ntoa nttt fPplto n oilScrt Research). Security Social and Population of Institute National (Tokyo: 2006 Education. schools it rate. birth com:20070607:MTFH13299_2007-06-07_11-38-00_T74859&pageNumber nvriyo Oxford. of University o aa.Ntoa nttt fPplto n oilScrt eerh coe 98 cesd30 Accessed 1998. October Research, http://www.ipss.go.jp/index-e.html Security at Social 2007 and Population June of Institute National Japan. for youth’ Press). ‘socially-withdrawn so-called Japan’s of study anthropological Tko iityo nenlAar n Communications). and Affairs Internal of Ministry (Tokyo: 948260&sec http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res at 2007 June pleasure. Press). NwYr:Routledge). York: (New aur 01 cesd2 oebr20 thttp://wom-jp.org/e/JWOMEN/singlemother.html at 2007 November 22 Accessed 2001. January cesd3 ue20 thttp://www.lovehomap.com/ at 2007 June 30 Accessed . . Bree:Uiest fCalifornia). of University (Berkeley: nulse ae ae narsac rjc uddb h aaeeAscaino Sex of Association Japanese the by funded project research a on based paper Unpublished oy&Society & Body oilSineJpnJournal Japan Science Social ¼ oehtl:Weehv l h irr gone? mirrors the all have Where hotels: Love travel&pagewanted a neeya Japan everyday in Law aen otoboe no Makeinu ¼ aa’ ue transformation quiet Japan’s in kuˆkan no Ai aaeewmn rdtoa mg n hnigreality changing and image Traditional women: Japanese auhtr ochikara no hoteru Rabu aigJpna onr fcmotbelvn:Apooa rmsnl mothers, single from proposal A living: comfortable of country a as Japan Making BizArt-C1-ArticlePage3 h oyadscey xlrtosi oiltheory social in Explorations society: and body The nbb-asr onna-tachi suru Onibaba-ka aaaua eulpltc n oua utr nmdr Japan modern in culture popular and politics Sexual Takarazuka: edradpwri ffletAsia affluent in power and Gender aaat igr ojidai no singuru Parasaito 32,p.9 116. – 95 pp. 13(2), ohwr:Tegitrn ol fteJpns courtesan Japanese the of world glittering The Yoshiwara: atgahe fdsr:Ml-aesxaiyi aaeediscourse Japanese in sexuality Male-male desire: of Cartographies aaeepten fbehavior of patterns Japanese Tko Kadokawasensho). (Tokyo: ¼ 5 Tko Kodansha). (Tokyo: CiaoadLno:Uiest fCiaoPress). Chicago of University London: and (Chicago () p 0 14. – 109 pp. 9(1), Tko Kosaido). (Tokyo: Lno n e ok RoutledgeCurzon). York: New and (London rvt oei ulcSaei Japan in Space Public in Love Private Tko Kobunshashinsho). (Tokyo: h e okTimes York New The Tko Chikumashobo). (Tokyo: ud ooca ttsisi Japan in statistics official to Guide nhoooia Theory Anthropological p 4(odnadNwYork: New and (London 34 – 1 pp. , Reuters ¼ ¼ 9B0DE4DD1739F936A25750C0A961 ouainsaitc fJapan of statistics Population Hnll:Uiest fHawai’i of University (Honolulu: ousiv&storyID cesd3 ue20 thttp:// at 2007 June 30 Accessed 7Jn.Acse 0Jn 2007 June 30 Accessed June. 27 , Lno,Tosn asand Oaks Thousand (London, 5Mrh18.Acse 30 Accessed 1987. March 15 , ¼ pc,tm n perversion and time Space, 0&imageid () p 1–52. – 31 pp. 5(1), NwYr:TeFree The York: (New . ¼ urn:newsml:reuters. h dissertation, PhD ota aa as Japan Postwar coe 2004 October , ¼ Bree,Los (Berkeley, &cap (Honolulu: March , ¼ &sz 55 26 ¼ Downloaded By: [University of Oxford] At: 13:58 28 February 2008 oa oio(06)Ters n alo aenlscey edr ao n aia ncontemporary in capital and labor Gender, society: maternal of fall and rise The (eds), (2006b) Harootunian Tomiko Harry Yoda, and Yoda Tomiko in Japan, millennial to roadmap A (2006a) Tomiko Yoda, 56 h eesoay19st h present the to present 1990s (eds), recessionary the Harootunian the Harry to and Yoda 1990s Tomiko in recessionary Japan, the from Press). life University Duke cultural London: and and Social (Durham Japan: after Japan oSe Lin Swee Ho p 3 4(uhmadLno:Dk nvriyPress). University Duke London: and (Durham 74 – 239 pp. , aa fe aa:Sca n utrllf from life cultural and Social Japan: after Japan p 6–53 – 16 pp. ,