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BAB III IDENTIFIKASI DATA A. Kabupaten Karanganyar

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BAB III IDENTIFIKASI DATA A. Kabupaten Karanganyar library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id BAB III IDENTIFIKASI DATA A. Kabupaten Karanganyar Nama Karanganyar terbentuk dari tiga kata yang masing-masing memiliki arti dan maksud. Kata ‘ka’ berarti kawibawaningkang dipun gayuh (kewibawaan yang dicita-citakan), ‘rang’ berarti rangkepanipun lahir batin pulung lan wahyunipun sampun turun temurun (rangkapnya lahir dan batin, pulung dan wahyunya turun), ‘anyar’ berarti badhe nampi perjanjian anyar/enggal winisudha jumeneng Mangkunegoro I (akan menerima perjanjian baru yang diangkat menjadi Mangkonegoro I). (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) 1. Sejarah Kabupaten Karanganyar Gambar 3.1 : Pangeran Samber Nyawa (Sumber: www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Karanganyar lahir sebagai dukuh kecil, tepatnya terjadi pada tanggal 19 April 1745 M atau 16 Maulud 1670 H. Pencetus nama Karanganyar adalah Raden Mas Said, atau yang lebihcommit dikenal to user dengan sebutan Pangeran Samber 42 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id43 Nyawa. Cikal bakal daerah Karanganyar berasal dari Raden Ayu Diponegoro ata Nyi Ageng Karang dengan nama kecil Raden Ayu Sulbiyah. Pada waktu itu Karanganyar menjadi sebuah dukuh kecil (badran baru) yang termasuk dalam wilayah Kasunana Surakarta, pada saat itu pimpinan Swapraja Kasunanan Surakarta adalah Sri Pakubuwono II. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Akibat dari adanya “Perjanjian Giyanti” pada tanggal 13 Februari 1755 antara Sunan Pakubuwono III dengan Pangeran Mangkubumi, yang salah satu isinya adalah pembagian Kerajaan Mataram menjadi dua wilayah, yaitu Kasunanan Surakarta dan Kasultanan Yogyakarta. Dukuh kecil Karanganyar yang terletak di Sukowati Selatan termasuk ke dalam wilayah Kasultanan Yogyakarta dan yang berkuasa pada saat itu adalah Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I (Pageran Mangkubumi) pada tahun 1755-1792. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Pada tahun 1847, Sri Mangkunegara III di Kerajaan Mangkunegaran mengadakan tatanan baru, analogi yang berlaku di Kasunanan Surakarta adalah Staatblat 1847 No. 30 yang mulai berlaku pada tanggal 5 Juni 1847, yang salah satu peraturan tersebut menyatakan bahwa Karanganyar merupakan salah satu wilayah. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) commit to user library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id44 Gambar 3.2 : Mangkunegara VII bersama Gusti Ratu Timur (Sumber: www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Pada tahun 1903 dibentuk Kabupaten Anom Kota Mangkunegaran, meliputi wilayah Kota Sala bagian utara, Wanareja, Kaliyoso, Colomadu, dan Swapraja Mangkunegaran. Istilah onderregentschap diubah menjadi regentschap atau dalam bahasa Indonesia berarti “Kabupaten” oleh Sri Mangkunegoro VII yang memegang pemerintahan saat itu (1916-1944), tepatnya pada tanggal 20 November 1917. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Proses terbentuknya Pemerintah Kabupaten Karanganyar dimulai dari pemerintah desa yang terbentuk pada masa perjuangan RM Said (1741-1757), kemudian dibentuk Kabupaten Anom pada tanggal 5 Juni 1847, diikuti dengan dibentuknya Kabupaten Karanganyar pada tanggal 18 November 1917. Berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Daerah Tingkat II Karanganyar Nomor 20 Tahun 1998 tentang Hari Jadi Kabupaten Karanganyar ditetapkan pada tanggal 18 November 1917. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) commit to user library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id45 Reorganisasi wilayah Kadipaten Mangkunegaran dilakukan dengan Keputusan Sri Mangkunegara VII tentang pembentukan Kabupaten Wonogiri dan Kabupaten Karanganyar. Pada tanggal 18 November 1917 KGPAA Mangkunegara VII di Kabupaten Karanganyar melantik KRT Hardjohasmoro sebagai Bupati Karanganyar. Dalam kurun waktu tahun 1917 sampai dengan tahun 1930 di Kabupaten Karanganyar ada tiga orang Bupati yang memerintah, yaitu KRMT Hardjohasmoro, RMT Sarwoko Mangoenkoesoemo, dan RMT Darko Soegondo. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Berdasarkan Rijksblaad Mangkoenegaran tahun 1923 Nomor 10 Kabupaten Karanganyar dibagi menjadi tiga wilayah kawedanan, yaitu kawedanan Karanganyar, kawedanan Karangpandan, dan kawedanan Jumapolo, dan empat belas wilayah kapanewon (kecamatan), yaitu kapanewon Karanganyar, kapanewon Tasikmadu, kapanewon Jaten, kapanewon Kebakkramat, kapanewon Mojogedang, kapanewon Karangpandan, kapanewon Matesih, kapanewon Tawangmangu, kapanewon Ngargoyoso, kapanewon Kerjo, kapanewon Jumapolo, kapanewon Tugu, kapanewon Jatipuro, dan kapanewon Jatiyoso. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Pada tahun 1930 Kabupaten Karanganyar dihapuskan dan secara administratif dimasukkan ke dalam wilayah Kabupaten Kota Mangkunegaran dengan maksud agar pengelolaan terhadap perkebunan-perkebunan milik Mangkunegaran lebih efisien dan efektif. Pada masa pendudukan Jepang (1942-1945), daerah Karanganyar masih disebutkan sebagai kawedanan, commit to user library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id46 bagian dari Kabupaten Kota Mangkunegaran, hanya jabatan dan wilayahnya diganti dengan istilah atau bahasa Jepang. (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Setelah Proklamasi Kemerdekaan tanggal 17 Agustus 1945, Presiden RI mengeluarkan Piagam Kedudukan yang menetapkan Sri Susuhunan Paku Buwono XII dan Sri Mangkunegara VIII, masing-masing sebagai Kepala Daerah Kasunanan Surakarta dan Kepala Daerah Mangkunegaran. Pada akhir tahun 1945 di Surakarta timbul gerakan anti Swapraja yang berkembang hingga Karanganyar, Sragen, Klaten, Boyolali, Wonogiri, dan Kota Surakarta menyatakan lepas dari Pemerintah Swapraja. Hal ini mendapat tanggapan dari Pemerintah Pusat dengan terbitnya Penetapan Pemerintah No. 16/SD Tahun 1946 yang antara lain menetapkan daerah-daerah tersebut tergabung dalam Karesidenan Surakarta yang dipimpin oleh seorang Residen. Daerah Kabupaten Karanganyar sendiri terdiri dari: a. Kawedanan Wonoharjo 1) Kecamatan Gondangrejo (gabungan dari bekas Kapanewon Bonorejo dan Kaliyoso) 2) Kecamatan Colomadu b. Kawedanan Karanganyar 1) Kecamatan Karanganyar 2) Kecamatan Tasikmadu 3) Kecamatan Jaten 4) Kecamatan Kebakkramat 5) Kecamatan Mojogedang commit to user library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id47 c. Kawedanan Karangpandan 1) Kecamatan Karangpandan 2) Kecamatan Matesih 3) Kecamatan Tawangmangu 4) Kecamatan Ngargoyoso 5) Kecamatan Kerjo 6) Kecamatan Jenawi d. Kawedanan Jumapolo 1) Kecamatan Jumapolo 2) Kecamatan Jumantono 3) Kecamatan Jatiyoso 4) Kecamatan Jatipuro (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) 2. Letak Geografis Gambar 3.3 : Letak Geografis Kabupaten Karanganyar (Sumber: www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Kabupaten Karanganyar terletak di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Secara geografis Kabupaten Karanganyar terletak pada 110° 40” - 110° 70” Bujur Timur dan 7° 28” - 7° 46” Lintangcommit Selatan. to user Pusat administrasinya berlokasi library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id48 di Karanganyar Kota, sekitar 14 km sebelah timur Kota Surakarta. Kabupaten Karanganyar berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Sragen di sebelah utara, Kabupaten Ngawi dan Kabupaten Magetan (Jawa Timur) di sebelah Timur, Kabupaten Wonogiri di sebelah selatan, Kabupaten Boyolali, Kota Surakarta, dan Kabupaten Sukoharjo di sebelah Barat. Kabupaten Karanganyar memiliki sebuah kecamatan enklave yang terletak di antara Kabupaten Boyolali, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, dan Kota Surakarta yaitu Kecamatan Colomadu. (id.wikipedia.org diakses 7 Maret 2017) Gambar 3.4 : Wilayah Administrasi Kabupaten Karanganyar (Sumber: www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Kabupaten Karanganyar memiliki elevasi rata-rata 511 mdpl dengan titik terendah 90 mdpl dan titik tertinggi 2000 mdpl. Rata-rata curah hujan sebesar 5.965,08 mm per tahun dengan rata-rata sebanyak 116,70 harinya turun hujan. Suhu udara terendah sebesar 22°C dan suhu tertinggi sekitar 31°C. Kabupaten Karanganyar memiliki luas wilayah 77.378,64 Ha dengan wilayah administrasi yang terbagicommit menjadi to user 17 kecamatan, sebagai berikut: library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id49 a. Kecamatan Jatipuro dengan luas wilayah 4.036,50 Ha b. Kecamatan Jatiyoso dengan luas wilayah 6.716,49 Ha c. Kecamatan Jumapolo dengan luas wilayah 5.567,02 Ha d. Kecamatan Jumantono dengan luas wilayah 5.355,44 Ha e. Kecamatan Matesih dengan luas wilayah 2.626,63 Ha f. Kecamatan Tawangmangu dengan luas wilayah 7.003,16 Ha g. Kecamatan Ngargoyoso dengan luas wilayah 6.533,94 Ha h. Kecamatan Karangpandan dengan luas wilayah 3.411,08 Ha i. Kecamatan Karanganyar dengan luas wilayah 4.302,64 Ha j. Kecamatan Tasikmadu dengan luas wilayah 2.759,73 Ha k. Kecamatan Jaten dengan luas wilayah 2.554,81 Ha l. Kecamatan Colomadu dengan luas wilayah 1.564,81 Ha m. Kecamatan Gondangrejo dengan luas wilayah 5.679,95 Ha n. Kecamatan Kebakkramat dengan luas wilayah 3.645,63 Ha o. Kecamatan Mojogedang dengan luas wilayah 5.330,90 Ha p. Kecamatan Kerjo dengan luas wilayah 4.682,27 Ha q. Kecamatan Jenawi dengan luas wilayah 5.608,28 Ha (www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 7 Maret 2017) commit to user library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id50 3. Lambang Kabupaten Karanganyar Gambar 3.5 : Lambang Kabupaten Karanganyar (Sumber: www.karanganyarkab.go.id diakses 5 Maret 2017) Bentuk lambang daerah Kabupaten Karanganyar merupakan sebuah perisai bersudut lima yang digayakan berwarna dasar coklat muda, bertepian (plisir) warna putih. Isi lukisan sebuah segi enam berwarna dasar merah putih, bertepian warna putih. Pada perisai tersebut terlukiskan empat belas macam benda alam, bangunan, tumbuh-tumbuhan yang tata letaknya tersusun secara artistik, empat di luar, dan sepuluh di dalam segi enam. a. Di luar segi enam 1) Di bawah terdapat tulisan “KARANGANYAR” pada pita putih.
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