Adoption of Retrospective Statements of Outstanding Universal Value
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Concise Ancient History of Indonesia.Pdf
CONCISE ANCIENT HISTORY OF INDONESIA CONCISE ANCIENT HISTORY O F INDONESIA BY SATYAWATI SULEIMAN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION JAKARTA Copyright by The Archaeological Foundation ]or The National Archaeological Institute 1974 Sponsored by The Ford Foundation Printed by Djambatan — Jakarta Percetakan Endang CONTENTS Preface • • VI I. The Prehistory of Indonesia 1 Early man ; The Foodgathering Stage or Palaeolithic ; The Developed Stage of Foodgathering or Epi-Palaeo- lithic ; The Foodproducing Stage or Neolithic ; The Stage of Craftsmanship or The Early Metal Stage. II. The first contacts with Hinduism and Buddhism 10 III. The first inscriptions 14 IV. Sumatra — The rise of Srivijaya 16 V. Sanjayas and Shailendras 19 VI. Shailendras in Sumatra • •.. 23 VII. Java from 860 A.D. to the 12th century • • 27 VIII. Singhasari • • 30 IX. Majapahit 33 X. The Nusantara : The other islands 38 West Java ; Bali ; Sumatra ; Kalimantan. Bibliography 52 V PREFACE This book is intended to serve as a framework for the ancient history of Indonesia in a concise form. Published for the first time more than a decade ago as a booklet in a modest cyclostyled shape by the Cultural Department of the Indonesian Embassy in India, it has been revised several times in Jakarta in the same form to keep up to date with new discoveries and current theories. Since it seemed to have filled a need felt by foreigners as well as Indonesians to obtain an elementary knowledge of Indonesia's past, it has been thought wise to publish it now in a printed form with the aim to reach a larger public than before. -
History and Mysteries of Miag-Ao Church: an Interview with Msgr
Photo by Norman Posecion taken at 3 AM on Good Friday, 2013 before the start of the ‘Pagtaltal’ procession with the Milky Way lighting up the skies above. History and Mysteries of Miag-ao Church: An interview with Msgr. Claudio S. Sale by Jonathan R. Matias Sulu Garden, Miag-ao, Iloilo Easter Sunday, April 5, 2015 with Arjun P. Palmos and Jacob Adrian Lorella I have always wanted to know more about Miag-ao Church beyond the often rehashed trivia written in travel blogs and the bland descriptions of the church in Wikipedia and similar type of information sources. I always considered any house of worship like a living being. It has a colorful, complicated past and uncertain future. It has mysteries and legends. Its daily life has a rhythm of its own, a dynamic personality being shaped slowly by the changing times and the people. Miag-ao Church is very much alive. Only if its sandstone walls could talk. What stories we would hear from the many centuries that have passed and the tens thousands who whispered stories within its wall. Of stories and gossips, of intrigues and of pure religious expressions of the faithfuls. The Facebook post by ‘Bobot’ Montealto (Miagao Hits) in December 22, 2014 on the subject of the 55th Sacerdotal Anniversary of Monsignor Claudio S. Sale made me pause. (Frankly, I did not know what sacerdotal meant and had to look it up in the dictionary which is defined as “of or relating to priesthood.” Just in case you didn’t either, now you know!). -
The Influence of Hindu, Buddhist, and Chinese Culture on the Shapes of Gebyog of the Javenese Traditional Houses
Arts and Design Studies www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-6061 (Paper) ISSN 2225-059X (Online) Vol.79, 2019 The Influence of Hindu, Buddhist, and Chinese Culture on the Shapes of Gebyog of the Javenese Traditional Houses Joko Budiwiyanto 1 Dharsono 2 Sri Hastanto 2 Titis S. Pitana 3 Abstract Gebyog is a traditional Javanese house wall made of wood with a particular pattern. The shape of Javanese houses and gebyog develop over periods of culture and government until today. The shapes of gebyog are greatly influenced by various culture, such as Hindu, Buddhist, Islamic, and Chinese. The Hindu and Buddhist influences of are evident in the shapes of the ornaments and their meanings. The Chinese influence through Islamic culture developing in the archipelago is strong, mainly in terms of the gebyog patterns, wood construction techniques, ornaments, and coloring techniques. The nuance has been felt in the era of Majapahit, Demak, Mataram and at present. The use of ganja mayangkara in Javanese houses of the Majapahit era, the use of Chinese-style gunungan ornaments at the entrance to the Sunan Giri tomb, the saka guru construction technique of Demak mosque, the Kudusnese and Jeparanese gebyog motifs, and the shape of the gebyog patangaring of the house. Keywords: Hindu-Buddhist influence, Chinese influence, the shape of gebyog , Javanese house. DOI : 10.7176/ADS/79-09 Publication date: December 31st 2019 I. INTRODUCTION Gebyog , according to the Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary, is generally construed as a wooden wall. In the context of this study, gebyog is a wooden wall in a Javanese house with a particular pattern. -
Plataran Borobudur Encounter
PLATARAN BOROBUDUR ENCOUNTER ABOUT THE DESTINATION Plataran Borobudur Resort & Spa is located within the vicinity of ‘Kedu Plain’, also known as Progo River Valley or ‘The Garden of Java’. This fertile volcanic plain that lies between Mount Sumbing and Mount Sundoro to the west, and Mount Merbabu and Mount Merapi to the east has played a significant role in Central Javanese history due to the great number of religious and cultural archaeological sites, including the Borobudur. With an abundance of natural beauty, ranging from volcanoes to rivers, and cultural sites, Plataran Borobudur stands as a perfect base camp for nature, adventure, cultural, and spiritual journey. BOROBUDUR Steps away from the resort, one can witness one the of the world’s largest Buddhist temples - Borobudur. Based on the archeological evidence, Borobudur was constructed in the 9th century and abandoned following the 14th-century decline of Hindu kingdoms in Java and the Javanese conversion to Islam. Worldwide knowledge of its existence was sparked in 1814 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, then the British ruler of Java, who was advised of its location by native Indonesians. Borobudur has since been preserved through several restorations. The largest restoration project was undertaken between 1975 and 1982 by the Indonesian government and UNESCO, following which the monument was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Borobudur is one of Indonesia’s most iconic tourism destinations, reflecting the country’s rich cultural heritage and majestic history. BOROBUDUR FOLLOWS A remarkable experience that you can only encounter at Plataran Borobudur. Walk along the long corridor of our Patio Restaurants, from Patio Main Joglo to Patio Colonial Restaurant, to experience BOROBUDUR FOLLOWS - where the majestic Borobudur temple follows you at your center wherever you stand along this corridor. -
BMB-WRC Animal Inventory
Department of Environment and Natural Resources BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT BUREAU Quezon Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City INVENTORY OF LIVE ANIMALS AT THE BMB-WILDLIFE RESCUE CENTER AS OF JULY 31, 2020 SPECIES STOCK ON HAND (AS OF COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME JULY 31, 2020) MAMMALS ENDEMIC / INDIGENOUS 1. Northern luzon cloud Ploeomys pallidus 1 rat 2. Palawan bearcat Arctictis binturong 2 3. Philippine deer Rusa marianna 2 4. Philippine monkey or Macaca fascicularis 92 Long-tailed macaque 5. Philippine palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus 6 EXOTIC 6. Hedgehog Atelerix frontalis 1 7. Serval cat Leptailurus serval 2 8. Sugar glider Petaurus breviceps 58 9. Tiger Panthera tigris 2 10. Vervet monkey Chlorocebus pygerythrus 1 11. White handed gibbon Hylobates lar 1 Sub-total A 168 (Mammals) AVIANS ENDEMIC / INDIGENOUS 12. Black kite Milvus migrans 1 13. Black-crowned night Nycticorax nycticorax 1 heron 14. Blue-naped parrot Tanygnathus lucionensis 4 15. Brahminy kite Haliastur indus 41 16. Changeable hawk Spizaetus cirrhatus 6 eagle 17. Crested goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus 1 18. Crested serpent eagle Spilornis cheela 24 19. Green imperial pigeon Ducula aenea 2 20. Grey-headed fish eagle Haliaeetus ichthyaetus 1 21. Nicobar pigeon Caloenas nicobarica 1 22. Palawan hornbill Anthracoceros marchei 2 23. Palawan talking myna Gracula religiosa 3 24. Philippine eagle Pithecophaga jefferyi 1 25. Philippine hanging Loriculus philippensis 11 parrot 26. Philippine hawk eagle Spizaetus philippensis 12 27. Philippine horned Bubo philippensis 9 (eagle) owl 28. Philippine Scops owl Otus megalotis 5 29. Pink-necked pigeon Treron vernans 1 30. Pinsker's hawk eagle Spizaetus pinskerii 1 31. Red turtle dove Streptopelia tranquebarica 1 32. -
National Recovery Plan for Threatened Albatrosses and Giant Petrels 2011-2016
National recovery plan for threatened albatrosses and giant petrels 2011-2016 National recovery plan for threatened albatrosses and giant petrels 2011-2016 © Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities This work is copyright. It may be reproduced for study, research or training purposes subject to an acknowledgment of the sources but no commercial usage or sale. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: Strategies Branch Australian Antarctic Division Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities 203 Channel Highway KINGSTON TAS 7050 Citation Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (2011), National recovery plan for threatened albatrosses and giant petrels 2011-2016, Commonwealth of Australia, Hobart Acknowledgements This Plan was developed by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) of the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. The AAD is grateful for the support of a wide range of organisations and individuals, who provided valuable information and assistance during the preparation of this Plan. Particular thanks to: - Ms Rachael Alderman and Dr Rosemary Gales from the Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Tasmania; and - Mr Ian Hay, Ms Tara Hewitt, Dr Graham Robertson and Dr Mike Double of the AAD. Cover photograph: Light mantled albatross and chick, North Head, Macquarie Island, 2010; photographer Sarah Way, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industry, Parks, Water and Environment. i Introduction The first Recovery Plan for albatrosses and giant petrels was released in October 2001 in recognition of the need to develop a co-ordinated conservation strategy for albatrosses and giant petrels listed threatened under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). -
Starting from SGD 799 Per Pax, 6-To-Go! Departing on Selected Dates, Check with Us for More Details!
5 Days Borobudur Ancient Candis Tour_14Mar19- Page 1 of 2 The largest Mahayana structure in the world is located deep in the middle of South East Asia! Join us on a trip to Borobudur and be regaled by stories of the Buddha’s life (and previous lives), Bodhisattvas and Sudhana’s journeys (as depicted in the Lalitavistara, Avatamsaka Sutra, the Jatakamala and the Divyavadana). Package price: starting from SGD 799 per pax, 6-to-go! Departing on selected dates, check with us for more details! INCLUDES: EXCLUDES: 1. Private guided tour 1. All domestic and international flights ** 2. Airport pickups and drop-offs 2. Travel insurance ** 3. Transfers between places 3. Visas ** 4. Guides and entrance fees 4. Optional excursions 5. Excursions and meals as listed in the itinerary 5. Tips (guides and drivers) 6. Meals as listed in the itinerary 6. Alcoholic drinks 7. Accommodation 7. Personal expenses (three-star hotel, twin sharing) (** can be arranged through us upon request) Itinerary: (depends on arrival) Day 01 – ARRIVAL IN YOGYAKARTA (Lunch & dinner included) Depart from Singapore to Yogyakarta by flight. Check in to hotel and have lunch after arrival. Afternoon – Visit Prambanan Temple Compounds, Candi Lumbung, Candi Bubrah and Candi Sewu Night – Check-in hotel, rest for the day TRAVELLING WITH WISDOM - BODHI TRAVEL ● 5 Days Borobudur Ancient Candis Tour_14Mar19 Email: [email protected] │ Phone: (65) 6933 9908 │ WhatsApp: (65) 8751 4833 │ https://www.bodhi.travel 5 Days Borobudur Ancient Candis Tour_14Mar19- Page 2 of 2 Day 02 – CANDI BOROBUDUR -
BODHI TRAVEL 4 Days Borobudur Ancient Candis Tour 05Nov19
4 Days Borobudur Ancient Candis Tour_05Nov19- Page 1 of 2 The largest Mahayana structure in the world is located deep in the middle of South East Asia! Join us on a trip to Borobudur and be regaled by stories of the Buddha’s life (and previous lives), Bodhisattvas and Sudhana’s journeys (as depicted in the Lalitavistara, Avatamsaka Sutra, the Jatakamala and the Divyavadana). INCLUDES: EXCLUDES: 1. Private guided tour 1. Travel insurance ** 2. Airport pickups and drop-offs 2. Visas ** 3. Transfers between places (with air-cond) 3. Optional excursions 4. Guides and entrance fees 4. Tips (guides and drivers) 5. Excursions and meals as listed in the itinerary 5. Alcoholic drinks 6. Meals as listed in the itinerary 6. Personal expenses 7. Accommodation (four-star hotel, twin sharing) (** can be arranged through us upon request) 8. Round trip flight tickets (SIN – YOG) Itinerary: (this is our template itinerary, please let us if any customisation is needed) Day 01 – ARRIVAL IN YOGYAKARTA (Lunch & dinner included) AirAsia – departs daily – 1110hrs to 1230hrs (tentative) Depart from Singapore to Yogyakarta by flight. Have lunch after arrival. Afternoon – Visit Prambanan Temple Compounds, Candi Lumbung, Candi Bubrah and Candi Sewu Night – Check-in hotel and early rest Day 02 – CANDI BOROBUDUR (Breakfast@hotel, lunch & dinner included) Morning – Sunrise at Candi Borobudur (wake up at 4am), Guided tour at Candi Borobudur Afternoon – Visit Candi Pawon and Candi Mendut, Bike ride tour at village (optional) Night – Free and easy, rest for the day TRAVELLING WITH WISDOM - BODHI TRAVEL ● 4 Days Borobudur Ancient Candis Tour_05Nov19 Email: [email protected] │ WhatsApp: (65) 8751 4833 │ https://www.bodhi.travel 4 Days Borobudur Ancient Candis Tour_05Nov19- Page 2 of 2 Day 03 – VISIT TO MOUNT MERAPI (Breakfast@hotel, lunch & dinner included) Morning – Visit to Mount Merapi (Jeep ride) and House of Memories Afternoon – Return to Yogyakarta (max. -
Zen As a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries
Zen as a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries by Meng Ying Fan A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of East Asian Studies University of Toronto © Copyright by Meng Ying Fan 2020 Zen as a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries Meng Ying Fan Master of Arts Department of East Asia Studies University of Toronto 2020 Abstract This essay explores the impact of Chan/Zen on the art of landscape painting in China and Japan via literary/visual materials from the twelfth to sixteenth centuries. By rethinking the aesthetic significance of “Zen painting” beyond the art and literary genres, this essay investigates how the Chan/Zen culture transformed the aesthetic attitudes and technical manifestations of picturing the landscapes, which are related to the philosophical thinking in mind. Furthermore, this essay emphasizes the problems of the “pattern” in Muromachi landscape painting to criticize the arguments made by D.T. Suzuki and his colleagues in the field of Zen and Japanese art culture. Finally, this essay studies the cultural interaction of Zen painting between China and Japan, taking the traveling landscape images of Eight Views of Xiaoxiang by Muqi and Yujian from China to Japan as a case. By comparing the different opinions about the artists in the two regions, this essay decodes the universality and localizations of the images of Chan/Zen. ii Acknowledgements I would like to express my deepest gratefulness to Professor Johanna Liu, my supervisor and mentor, whose expertise in Chinese aesthetics and art theories has led me to pursue my MA in East Asian studies. -
EMERGENCY SHELTER REQUIRED Legend
110°0'0"E 110°12'0"E 110°24'0"E 110°36'0"E 110°48'0"E KOTA BOYOLALI SURAKARTA Pucang Miliran Tegalmulyo Sudimoro S S Tulung " " Balerante Daleman 0 0 Sidomulyo MAGELANG Mundu ' ' Tlogowatu Tegalgondo Kemiri Gedongjetis Cokro 6 6 Kayumas Beji Bolali Polanharjo Wadung 3 3 Sedayu Segaran Dalangan Kebonharjo ° ° Pandanan Teloyo Turi Pomah Wangen Kranggan Getas Sukorejo 7 7 Majegan Keprabon Kemalang Bandungan Karanglo Gatak Mendak Sekaran Kendalsari Socokangsi Kiringan Jeblog De lan ggu Boto KLATEN Gempol Turus Krecek Bentangan Kingkang Panggang Glagah Bonyokan Pondok Nganjat Sabrang Tlobong Dompol Kauman Karang Lumbung Kerep SLEMAN Jatinom Gledeg Pundungan Jurangjero Ngemplak Ngaran Banaran Wonosari Bengking Jatinom Gunting Bawukan Jiwan Glagah Wangi Talun Karanganom Jetis Ju w irin g Logede Kunden Randulanang Karangan Trasan Juwiring Carikan Ngemplak Kemalang Kahuman Jungkare Jaten Kalibawang Cangkringan Gemampir Kwarasan Taji Samigaluh Kepurun Seneng Tempursari Troso Bulurejo Tanjung Donokerto Blanceran Bolopleret Manisrenggo Kanoman Blimbing Ngawonggo Juwiran Kenaiban Sapen Keputran Ngawen Jambu Tambak Rejo Pakem Jagalan Ceper Tlogorandu Serenan Duwet Ngawen Mayungan Kulon Lemahireng Jetis Harjo Binangun Karangnongko Dlimas Kaligawe Kadilajo Jetis Belang Jombor Kurung Leses Gergunung Kebonalas Sukorini Karangduren Wetan Pokak Cetan Pedan Manjung Klaten Utara Kalangan Tegalampel Triharjo Banyuaeng Malangjiwan Bareng Kujon Jambu Sobayan Karangwungu Babadan Bendan Gumul Sekarsuli Mlese Pandowo Suko Kranggan Kidul Sentono Karangtalun Tempel -
Dazu Rock Carvings
TOP DAZU ROCK CARVINGS DAZU ROCK CARVINGS DAZu’S UNESCO-prOTECTED ROCK CARVINGS, LOCATED ABOUT A TWo-hour DRIVE FROM THE MEGACITY OF CHONGQING, ARE A STUNNING RECORD OF CHINA’S BUDDHIST, TAOIST AND CONFUCIAN HISTORY. THE OLDEST DATE BACK TO AD 650, BUT MOST WERE CARVED SOMETIME BETWEEN THE 800S AND THE 1200S. STOP AT THESE FIVE TO MAKE THE MOST OF YOUR VISIT. TEXT AND PHOTOS BY JOHAN AUGUSTIN THE YUANJUE THREE SAINTS OF HUAYAN SECT CAVE OF Dafowan cave is considered the most DAFOWAN impressive section of Baodingshan in The largest Dazu. These three figures represent- cave in Dazu, ing enlightened beings stand seven measuring six metres tall on a ledge built during the 2metres in height, nine in width 4Southern Song Dynasty (1127–1279). In the middle and twelve in depth, was stands the central figure: Shakyamuni Buddha. On his man-made during the South- right stands Samantabhadra Bodhisattva and on his ern Song dynasty. The well- left Manjusri Bodhisattva holding up a pagoda preserved red and brown weighing 500 kilos. Behind them are 81 shrines colouring on the Buddhas, with miniature Buddhas. who appear to be made of wood, comes from local min- erals and plants. TEXT BY XXXXXXXXXX PHOTOS BY XXXXX THE TEN AUS- TEACHER OF DESIGNS TERITIES OF Dazu’s version of Vairocana, LIU BENZUN the celestial Buddha, differs This gold-faced from most depictions with a statue repre- face that has a distinctively sents Liu Ben- Chinese appearance; many 3zun – Sichuan practitioner of 1earlier Buddhas had a more Western or Tantric Buddhism during the Indian look. -
Notes on Rare, Vagrant and Exotic Avifauna at Macquarie Island, 1901-2000 Introduction
Papers and Proc eedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, Volume 142(1), 2008 105 NOTES ON RARE, VAGRANTAND EXOTIC AVIFAUNA AT MACQUARIE ISLAND, 1901-2000 by G. R. Copson and N. P. Brothers (with one text-figure and three tables) Copson, G. R. & Brothers, N. P. 2008 (3 \ :x): Notes on rare, vagrant and exotic avifauna at Macquarie Island, 1901-2000. Papers and Proceedings of the RoyalSociety of Tasmania I 42(1): 105-116. https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.142.1.105 ISSN 0080-4703. 32 Red Chapel Ave, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005, Australia (GRC*), 176 South Arm Drive, WongaBeach, Queensland 4873, Australia (NPB). *Author for correspondence. The occurrence and status of rare, vagranr and exotic bird taxarecorded at Macquarie Island between190 I and 2000 are reviewed. The number of species recorded at the island, excluding rhose that have bred regularly on the main island between 1901 and 2000, is increased to 56 non-breeding species, seven species that have been confirmed breeding since 1980 and four introduced/exotic species breeding on the island. Key Words: Macquarie Island, sub-Antarctic, avifaunarecords. INTRODUCTION Sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island (fig. 1) lies in the Southern North Head Ocean, at 54"30'5, 158 57'E, approximately 1500 km SSE of Hobart, Tasmania, and 1100 km SSW of Invercargill, New Zealand. The nearest land is the Auckland Islands, 600 km NE and Campbell Island 650 km ENE. The island is 34 km long by 5.5 km at its broadest point and 12 800 ha in area. N The Nuggets I There are two small outlying groups, the Judge and Clerk islets 11 km to the north and the larger Bishop and Clerk islets 37 km to the south, together with several offshoresea stacks t around the main island.