1983 February.Pdf

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4g$' Falklands bound;"* cenf HASTINfcSi;k\. tobacconist leader ; Michael WfltdriVftis ■ wife.*Julie inid and their seven-year-o ray st ter Victoria today become the ment. first British family to emigrate' 1 the' ’be to the Falklands since last.) : vA year's co ict.-jThev will take over a geri and operat mKx& Roy > ------& ¥&• 26.

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Stanley bound The first Briton to emi grate to the Falkland Islands since last year’s war, Mr Michael Wilson, leaves Britain today with his wife i and-^daughter, to run the general store in Port Stanley I and a fisli-and-chip van.- "v-: i t (

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)AY FEBRUARY 28 1983

Pick up a pinta Sir Rex Hunt (right).,.. Civil CcMrfmissioner of the Falk- I a sampling the islands' first brew - Penguin Ale. With him is Mr Ron Barclay of E^erards Brew eries who showed him around the Falklands' new brewery'after Sir Rex had officially opened the establishment. Sir Rex certainly i savoured the ale. Last week lie lost his voice while coaching.ythe single girls’ team tQ victory in the I women's tug-of-war contest during the 150th anniver I sary celebrations. I

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British troops get their British bacon FALKLANDS British bacon. British turkeys and British pork had been supplied to the forces in the Falklands and all tinned beef was purchased from United Kingdom suppliers the origin ‘of the meat was _not recorded, Mrs Thatcher, the Prime Minister, stated in a Commons Ws"rTimo.hv Ki,son (Richmond, Vnrks C) said in the House on Tuesday that MPs who'went to Abe Falklands found that Bntish forces were having apples from France^ l-ncon from Denmark.‘pork from ca“em Europe, beef from IMlW. tinned beef from Argentina, but cabbages from Lincolnshire. Mr Tam Dalyell (West Lothian,

what steps she had takeaAo^ competitive tenders from Br t sh food firms for the supply to British forces in the Falklands of commodi ties such tinned beef. i< • Mrs Thatcher replied that competitive tenders were' already sought from UK firms forall central purchases of food by ^Mimstry of Defence for the armed torces, whether in the Falkland Islands or elSOveraU the food Py1^35^ centrallcd by the Ministry ot Defence was of Bnush on™. where available and whenever thl,s r^P resented value for money and did pot conflict with their international obligations.

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1983

Until a year «», °' '”ht Teak the Blanton have celebrated But a British colony with fireworks, 150 years as brewed beer and a a horse race, home new issue of postage stamps. The Argentinians have said they will

Potential for prosperity return. There may bc jjj ™J^ETin the <(xr, nut Britain has lmestea iS'andmSydTh«e pages'examine'what might

does not disguise need ESS. ^ development point of view.

for international solution There were a number of measures of development, to which the cold war has DEVELOPMENT other economic prospects, and I hope the Government never come. Lord Shackleton •though their fulfilment will will not delay too long in The Argentines have made greatly depend on the estab- setting up the Falkland very clear that they are i • lishment of sensible relations Islands Development Agency. determined to make good jv vv r : The fight with IN SPITE OF all the publi with South America. This Muc-h, however, will depend their claims in the Antarctic, K| city and attention that has applies particularly to on the feelings and hopes of which overlap also with Bri- k| been focused on the Falk tourism, for which there is the islanders themselves, but tish and Chilean claims. H| lands. there Is still a lack considerable potential. Other they will need a little while Apart from flying pregnant jp recommendations touched on General Winter ol awareness that the islands to recover from the invasion women down to the Antarctic were, and in peaceful circum fisheries development, includ and adjust to their new situa to have Argentine / Antarc- 6ti stances are, capable of paying ing the possibility of salmon tion. ranching, but we ruled out tic babies, they have even their way and providing a in the short run the pre There are other recommen had a Cabinet meeting on satisfying life for those who dations in our report. But one of their bases (Miranv 1 the GARRISON g*££lan * isolated outpost is one live there. But neglect and, viously encouraging potential some of alginates from the huge one major aspect still tends bio) which they made the David Fail'll all of the threats it must prepare indeed, a measure of exploi kelp beds round the coast. to be overlooked in discus temporary capital of the tation have meant that over Unfortunately, the alginate sions on the future of the Argentine. t0The grimmest part of the the years there has been market is a good deal less islands. It is not the Falk- While the British claims insufficient investment nr favourable than it was a few lands alone that we must be are probably better than any reinvestment and of profits years ago. One surprising and concerned with. Mr. Costa body else’s, in the long run Ocean provides the « civilians alike is fiêntinUn generated in the Fal'klands very valuable source of Mendez made clear that when we have to look for an inter- but transferred to the over revenue is philately: this Argentina took the islands, national solution to the Jhat seas-based companies, almost clearly needs to be exploited including especially South future of the Antarctic. It is it will cost several hundred WESTS wholly in the United King to the maximum. Georgia, that this put them, vital that the Antarctic Treaty million pounds a year ^ dom. In our report we empha- m his view, into a position is renewed fully in 1991, blit it is worth repeating the sised that the presence of the of economic and political con- is it too much to hope that Sle the more worrying riSfc ^restrictions on their simple fact described in my garrison was quite the big- trol. as they fondly hoped, perhaps some similar solution —tr^ttearn, 19/6 report that the Chan- gest intervention, in the over a whole area leading to might apply to the Falk But ( ccjlor of the Exchequer has economy, and we stressed the the Antarctic itself. I have land?? Some form of trustee- believe they have now located mace twice as much in the importance of ensuring that continually emphasised this, ship ? military garrison which on most of the main fields, ihey way of taxes on profits repa- defence activities should bc so for the issue of peace in this mmr“ftorSonehe?orbysoltrsiaoSr are marked on colour eoded It is, of course, quite mated to Britain as we have organised' as not to disrupt pari of the world is one that out showing whether they of the question, as Mrs airmen oTa tour-month tour gnen in the way of aid. This the life of the Islands. The will loom larger as we Thatcher has made clear to are^considered more was over a period of years, military show every sign of approach the time when per- talk to the Argentines at’the routineô/stanley as'wejf as gafe, partiailyteared î- though, of course, now the appreciating the importance ha-ps within the next 20', cer- present moment, and to mv yet situation is very heavily of this problem, la inly within the next 50 Re fast the most immediate mind it is inconceivable that question is whether there will reversed. a particular constraint, years., Antarctic— resources the Falkland Islands could at as In our updated report last with again an overriding obli- become available for develo- be somewhere warm and dry they use in Northern Ireland ment. any, time be handed over to year, we reiterated most of gation, is the need for wise Argentine sovereignty. Some to live as the next South coloured c*. our earlier recommendations, / conservation. Both in the South Georgia, which is form therefore, of interna Atlantic winter ôse* n reiigion but with particular emphasis Falklands and in South Geor- outside the Antarctic, and tional guarantees must be the The Ministry oft0 munity). on land ownership in order gia, there is a wealth of wild- does not come within the political aim of this and accommodation The appallmg thing is that to stop the drain of profits life and the right conscrva- area of the Antarctic Treaty future British governments-- provide every Serviceman r0ck-strewn hillside from the islands and to pro- lion measures must not onlv is the centre of perhaps the though in my opinion it' j* with a solid roof ovc his P has once been sewn with vide opportunities for owner- be taken but be fully world s richest source of ship of the land by young sustained. The Falkland in vain that we look for a krill, and in the Antarctic viable political solution in people. Whatever other pros- Islands Foundation under Sir itself, close to the mainland the short term. pects there may be. the peter Scott has a role to play 1 gltFS there may well bo valuable rad'ir site perhaps a o nhôlutelv safe. In the mean wealth of the Falkland* is in here. There are some fas- Meanwhile, the help that strudion workers’ por able a^dutei^s ^ every type ■mclrocarbon deposits — the Government in Britain the wool irom their. 600.000 cinating archaeological impli- though a.; vet technically not cabin. Others will continue , r m\nc the troops have found sheep, and our major aim, cations in the presence of the has already promised to the available. There is, however, islands should enable the to live afioat, in one of thj- . been flown back to the Jinked also to. land, owner- hulls of manv ships which a very successful treatv for two “ coastels ” moored in * iled Kingdom in an effort snip, was further develop- have been abandoned'around land to be fully rehabilitated the Antarctic in which a m due course. It is to be Port Stanley harbour the develop more reliable ment of the grasslands. In the islands, number of nations partici kind of accommodation found o ^ uncovering them. this respect we emphasised Finally, it is important to hoped that this will lead to pate, and the consequence of some prosperity and the full flat-pack Porlokobin on an offshore oilL n*. The means lalest the importance of the Grass- have the right machinery to this is that the Antarctic is • Chinook helicopter transports two outlying locution lands Trials Unit. carry through the various restoration of peace to the ,1 cnwuufc buildings to an jUnistry 6^°" duty financial estimates show .tot the one part of the world islanders. &d be «pe8cted to spend the another winter unin \°he Argentinians - that is in such a wet, windy climate the ^ equipmentreplace- The planners m London a mcnt< and the Permanent also conscious of the nee a. w rison __ will add .up to ^ Uncertainties over sheep and land take the pressure off Stanie & =s60m over the first four SSned civilian com; In the-coming year munity by spread'"* garrison alone will, cost f! complicate the search for new blood military garrison round.^-----£A3ia_autmlli an o **r winu1 ______I Uncertainties over sheep and land compete the search for new Mood §fg/R SPHH Pull 51 ri’r.rt.’ OTHER CONFLICT ry. largest , and most ..Smith, a director of D S and !UlPr°Yc<1, inferior in nSJc^Ki ^rn)y ûts are being £424m out nf Paul Keel

ss'?has 1dominated-;.fiKfe&b** tin sheep trols a lOS.OOO-aore ranch in mum nnlv t i9nnn’ a ™,nj~ Falkland=H£»;;Fvti as well as at thn in

Penguin sbest bitter- fltsp fllliil mm ' -battle ^tu^{e\vithin the conflict and the crea- Hon over the old operation. &^rllLb? tcr gazing d • , the■ 1 for\and — had been of today's massive bn- 1 believe that given sub-divi- ' ♦ Needham says he | spetialty br ew ed in the 8 i islands for la™ kc f 0 r e |!°{J oorriSon, the F1C. novr sion on any FIC property and d ! ants proof that a sub- r°d fi on' s ^ in v as i on force set Jûbsuliarv 'of the Ho lover- hard-working owner occupiers, results11 ffn. pi'')ciuce better Galtiuis • i-cod ronlite group, prouded you would see the company’s csuJts. It is still too early, Falkland Islands. | sal • . ora. based substantial and efficiency exposed is a ^,e J.ns,sts, to draw firm con- Its origins lay in tl j* the 0 contact with tb UK. facade," he told MPs. Some- pL‘sl,ons from the Green The Falklands . dual but mexoiable decline regulai contact orCom. what simplistically he also Patch experiment. For sales enquiries in f the islands' PO puaU<*n in the said that if the U'l^ Between 194b ana w . nieiciai ff were repealed across the Whatever the outcome it is The Facts HI contact: Glenda Poole, . progress that the issues are has fallen from 2,-3 ' L colon. - abntee islands, the average annual at least being considered. Falkland Islands Everavds Brewery Ltd., Before the invasion there was 7%B gVS* JU"Vt mgm SgJl^XXXt little interest in developing i Economic Study 1982 Castle Acres, major aCllut>jslan(k.rs were êraYinV the largestanch _ A more reliable assessment the Falklands’ main industry duction Chairman: 1 he Rt. Hon. Lord Shackleton KG, PC, OBE Leicester LE9 5BY. slow exodus from fpeid Grecn. 400.000?res) is made by Mr Adrian Monk, other than investing the I making a minimum money necessary to Inmaied in May 1982 and completed in two months, the purpose * the already diminutive } 1nckinw the shelS of who has 30 /cars’ experience | BREWERS SINCE 18-19 Tel: 0533 891010. rveiv store in the Fajmds. of sheep farming ,n the get wool off the sheeps’ 1 y 1 s sl.udy "as to revise and update the 1976 report on thcP j colony. fnA hv pc ‘ ,hms ferry al the islands and is now the Falk- backs. Only now is industry i I aikJands m the light of the changed circumstances. Discontent has beeri fed b> Its s l • H andfturn land Government spokesman waking up to the idea o'f ! (Cmnd.8653) ISBN 010 186530 9 13Spp(3maps) £7. SO the Shackleton f'n.d'n?* , ?,?d,he wool - 0! and In Lontl(l"' II<1 was architect marketing, Fair Isle-style, the which call for wholesale 1^ "f the Green Patch scheme. high quality Falkland worn, I Falkland Islands Review nationalisation of the laue its CO, p but recognises the difficulties and only now are people ' sheep farms, so they can be Mr Ted Needham, v 5 m repealing it across the seriously considering earn Report of a Committee of Privy Counsellors The divided and. d.stnbuted chairman, maintains ij ' islands. "You can't instal ing revenue from ' rr- n Chairman: The Rt. Hon. The Lord Franks i among the islanders. • islands' industry win, . extra houses and machinery instead of, as at present, OM, GCMG, KCB, CBE | action has-been taken by he require the support in five minutes on peanuts,” chucking the sheeps' u.- mother country, but aftci bast large, British-based^ he says. casscs over the cliffs once Review of and report on the Government’s discharge of its year’s traumas and the conse their wool-producing life has I responsibilities in relation to the Falkland Islands and its c,al enterpiiso. nches . Mr Needham remains scep- expired. (y is pleased to announce that it has been quent British commitment to the charge that < - ^ tiCa] for different reasons. He dependencies in the period leading up to the Argentine ' authorised bv the Falkland Islands Legislative Council to the colony, hopes for reform have led to âsteiut questions whether there are The British Government invasion. ° strike a limited number of coins in silver and m cupro-mckel have been raised. land. (There is one s P enough pcopie on the jsiancjs remains sceptical about the (Cmnd. 8787) ISBN 010187870 2 I06pp £6.10 five acres in.the wanas of the rig;ht ,calibre t0 economic advantages of sub ■ to commemorate theiSGth anniversary of the Falkland But the question now is division and is unresponsive -.it Islands as a British Crown colpny ^ whether the growing and compared with I t manage such a revolution in Available from IIMSO Bookshops and Agents (see Yellow four sheep per onicreh farmjng were it to take to calls for the state acquisi- 1 ages) or through any good bookshop. The silver proof crown is available at '<£28.7D ana an vociferous lobby in favour of tion of large ranches. But . Shackleton’s proposals And he challenges J- place. If it happened now. he HMS0 tmcirailaled crown in an attractive presentation wallet can say how they would rease predictSi it would result in unless it gives a lead — - • be purchased for <£’2.95. genuinely understands or which would involve, heavy BOOKS even — In some .cases — the annual Falkland*! cup a "tragic disaster” for the subsidies for a new genera To ordcr and for further information telephone about the islanders’ of 2.25M kilos. local economy. 0443 223880, or write to the Royal Mint Com Club, cares .... tion of owner-occupier needs and aspirations. A Often quoted a git him His priority is getting .....new farmer — radical change will 1 Department G, Royal Mint. Freepost, PO Box 500, question mark hangs over the is the Green Pa test heme blood out to the islands. But not occur. Cardiff CF7 SZZ economic consequences of set up three year#„ bet- will , energetic. younger Ironically, the islanders anv immediate sub-division of ween the FalklancCovern- people go if they have no may not complain. Now that THE farmland on the islands. ment and his flipany. immediate chances of oblain- Britain has demonstrated its There is already a plethora Undcr that scheime FIC ing a stake in the land? The political and military com sold a ranch to tislancls r LC now offers 50-acre plots Of small, owner-occupier mitment to the colonv, administration wi then at Fitzroy for £1,000 each, many of their recent fee’l- farms making a penurious split it up into sixils since Another offer, from a dif- BUTLI FOR THE living with flocks of around, ings of insecurity have been 3.000 sheep. But the islands bought by small iers. ^rJnt company, is at Douglas removed. They may allow the industry is really charac The apparent :cess of nation, where parcels of 100 current debate to take place 1 terised by the sprawling, the experiment Mated in j^rcs are available for £1.500. above their heads. If so, it I ranch-style operations of a evidence to the.’ommons either scheme viable ? will be their mistake. MKLANDS W HASTINGS &SMON JENKINS ‘Max Hastings and Simon Jenkins pull it | 1 together quite brilliantly. There can be few who would deny Hastings ) whatever awards are going for the finest 31 Bloomsbury Way Bloomsbury WC1 war reporting for many years; and there The Falkland Arms wishes to can be few better and more literate congratulate the Islands and analysts of Westminster and Whitehall Pcopie of the Falkland Islands on than Mr Jenkins.’ SIMON WINCHESTER The Falkland Island Properties Limited their one hundred and fiftieth (Jersey based) is considering a scheme for the ‘Excellent’ Guardian development of its estate on the islands. Anniversary. Land parcels will be offered for sale, By cutting out this advertisement together with the opportunity of subscribing in ‘Worth waiting for. Skilfully interwoven and bringing it to the Falkland SAEMcloSlM the Estate Development Company. with Jenkins’ sharp political passages inferior ! .Enquiries are invited from potential are Max Hastings' wonderful Arms, you will receive 50p olfany * Participants who should contact the United despatches’ Sunday Times pint of draught beer. Kingdom Agent:- For each pint purchased, we will Mrs. J. Brailsford. The Shieling. Swathwick Lane. H ‘An excellent account of the war’ . donate 20p to the Falkland Islands Wingerworth, Chesterfield, Financial Times Appeal. Illustrated MICHAELJOSEPH 1983 21 THE GUARDIAN Friday February 2d THE IAIKIAHDS

Collect a piece of history pE j|' Why a UN mission should head south 150th A £ ^ U : h* - vilhUp pvicHnp rerime for find better expression Cer- \' - male Falklander. the tradi as our troops began to leave. Broader talks on ihe.Fsl^ tional way of life of this of the islands must wait until •t. ■a." « sk Falkland Islands r.ti THE FUTURE Indeed the Ministry of Argentine Government Wbe sensible to invite rural community is being Defence has a saying that the a United Nations mission occupation bas destioyed Denis Healey MP destroyed, even though our Britain abandons every mili lias ended hostilities and some comfortable illusions renounced the use of foj ce* fl'tflo see the situation on troops are kept away from tary base just at the moment for ever. this year; to commemorate the event, a special se es ^Wer). the main population centres and probably until a civilian It? spot. its church is completed. it takes two to supplied to SUCCESSIVE governments at the expense of cramped regime has had lime to conso Onslow said this week However, We must avoid repeating Cba the Government no tango. There is at present no have rightly seen Fortress and difficult conditions and the mistake we made in Rho lidate its power. sign that Latin America is collectors in 1933 at £2.25, Is now catalogued by G.bbons Falklands as the worst of all of crushing boredom in their desia where ex-servicemen The Government has regards the. wishes of lit Zanders as paramount, prepared for any negotiations obtain the 1983 se, at low new issv. pries if You order™*. worlds. It imposes burdens spare time. from Britain were rightly made these points, on terms Britain could The planned expenditure but 'it has dangerously bit that they must be “ taken Complete set of 11 values 1p-£2 mint on the British taxpayer, on encouraged to settle right up accept. But the situation £3.25 on Fortress Falklands is to the moment when the weakened its position by ir.to account." How these On special commemorative First Day covera------__ our armed forces, and on the likely to rise sharply in the wishes could develop in the could change overnight. The assumptions of British policy lending the military junta Government must remain Falklanders themselves near future. The Select Com had clearly become untena monev to buy arms, and caiDR months remains to be Falklands Rebuilding Fund to mp rebu.ni «nd >h« mittee on Defence has just SHU,A significant number of alert for any opportunity to ravages ofv^t, two vet* JL stamps « *« which are likely to prove ble The real need in the allowing British firms to forward and must avoid .These submitted a shopping list of supply them — a policy of Financiers have already left press the Falkland Islands and on. for the dependency of Sooth Georg |M intolerable before long. Falklands is to distribute the since last actions which make an ulti- additional military require- land of the Falkland Islands stupefying hypocrisy. tt» islands settlement more dif- Airs Thatcher has already ments to Mr Heseltine. and Company to the existing Sauer. there are reports that the It is difficult to see a solu LcuU. I believe that now. as ^spent or committed £2,800m. islanders, as they clearly tion in the long term which The variety of views is during the ill-fated negotia to this policy. Since there are new military airport alone wish. rath greater than the lha Fund, but an will cost £880m. does not involve the United tions after the invasion, the only 1.400 native Falklanders, Meanwhile Britain must Nations perhaps in a Qmmment admits. It would Secretary General of the 2 stamps (£1 4- £1 each) superb mint ______that represents £2m. per It is ominously reminis work to restore normal com- trusteeship role, perhaps as b? sensible to introduce some United Nations will prove the islander, or £8m. a family. cent of the long list of Bri mumcations with Che main the framework for multina rionns in the old-fashioned most objective and perceptive And a last chanca to collect the attractive -Mail Boats’’ r««2 « With four British servicemen tish colonies where military putting colonial regime so land the moment Buenos tional co-operation in the guide. on the island for each adult facilities were completed just Aires is ready to discuss this. South Atlantic analagous tilt this variety of views can so order at once before the inevitable rise in price. Complete set 1p-£3 mint £9.25 SEND NO MONEY NOW. but please order at once, $ffiL® HARRY ALLEN. 63181 High Street. Bckmansworth. Herts W03 1EY “

Please reserve for me without obligation: ■ □ Falklands 150th Anniversary mintQ on. First Day covers . Oflebuilding Fund 2 stamps mint FLEASE TICK THOSE REQUIRED E-Mail Boats set 15 values to £3 mint and send me Invoice/priority order form. Name

Address

Above : a soldier paints street signs /or Port Stanley ; and right Dr Andrew Rouse travelling by trials bike to Fitzroy Settlement % v<.

.'.yil: i From new roads

to a salmon ranch

quate for the existing popula Unless a repressed entre PROJECTS tion. let alone for new Development Agency, which fessional men working for uahiv be shared by Scot- the Government announced pff3 Highlanders after a preneurial spirit bursts sud We are proud to be the printers of many postage industry. Investors looking the Falklands Government denly from the Falkland Peter Rodgers for power or water for a fac in December. Even this is and paying the salaries of a tisn,. jn which factories and stamp issues for the Falkland Islands and its taking considerably longer Alters costing hundreds of islanders themselves, for the tory would have to look else further 14 people under con- next year or two the only Dependencies. In particular, the recent stamps and where and develop their than envisaged, and Lord tract. slilions have come and as postcards celebrating the 150th Anniversary of u PEOPLE expecting large own Shackleton is believed to be large-scale development apart projects to get off the ground sources of supply. Road Third, the Falklanders’ main urkly g°ne- from improving the sheep Independence. rebuilding is onlv just get anxious at the slow pace. (Csays: “We had two very in six months or a year are hope for a commercially farms will be construction Maywe take this opportunity of wishing the ting underway, and the The agency may not be off viable future is that the Filly because even in' the IJK and military! work funded people of the Falklands every happiness and it takes 18 months or two question of new' roads waits the ground before mid-year, Government is spending JfcXtSTM directly by . the British years." says Mr John Reid, on a decision on a new air- because the Falklanders have £31M on a development pro Government. Given the neces success in the future. P°ri- As for the harbour, it first to approve the legisla gramme recommended bv sarily slow pace of large com the Falklands’ new develop will be two to three months tion now' being drawn up by S-rt'.KWSeffc been no investment ment officer, who recently Lord Shack let-on (with the mercial development, the The House of Questa Limited before consultants report on their new Attorney-General, glaring omission of a full h?nfe" The projects were smart money is likely to go moved to Port Stanley from the feasibility of a new jetty. submit it to the Foreign Parkhouse Street. London SE5 7TP the Highlands and Islands Office, formally adopt it scale scheme he wanted to in the meantime to service Telephone 01-703 7162 Development Board. Lord Shacklelon, in his redistribute farmland). industries which will feed, TelexS34054 Questa G Cables Questa London report last September, themselves, and find a chief clothe, and entertain Electricity and water in strongly urged the setting up executive to run the organisa Three large chunks of the Port Stanley are barely ade- tion. I31M which was announced gr-rs?«'a construction workers — and of a Falkland Islands in December, are already ear another flop would be very soldiers. There is an undercurrent marked, with £7M for agricul- damaging. r\f Ar\i m irtM MM . i 1______1___1 _ , idea. Mr Adrian Monk, i alk- 1,1 iu, ll„ ,,e, 3SJH1S I lands representative m jetty, and £7.5M for new London, says : " I don t think roads. The second two are an agency as Shacfclefon enu- not so much commercial 1 saged. with a chief executive development work a9 essen- I will get off the ground, and tial infrastructure for other I don't think it should. I projects. This leaves £9.5M Warmest congratulations to the i don't believe in large bureau- which. could 'be spent on when one business developments if the | good' man 3irfthe right place schemes come forward. 1 can do the whole thing him- The , furthest advanced Falkland Islands and Islanders ! self.” among large projects is a In Port Stanley. Mr Reid salmon ranch, though this has — the man Mr Monk meant not yet reached the contract Happy 1 stage. A team from Stirling — sounded a little shocked ! and said that Mr Monk was University will report next wrong, and that the agency month on the possibility of | was definitely going ahead, launching a three-year pilot a view confirmed by ofhnals scheme, to which the Euro 1 in London at the Govern- pean Investment Bank has ! ment’s Overseas Development agreed to contribute £120.000. Agency- Mr Michael Patter Mr Reid said he hoped the birthday! son. who heads the ODA •project could be underway by Falklands team, said no pro the end of the year. In the jects had been held up wait early stages it would be ing on the new agency. financed by the development ! The Falklands have many agency the Government obstacles to overcome. After said in December it would provide £1.3m. — and there We look forward all. even with enormous pres- are hopes that eventually it sure frorn the North Sea oil industry, it took several years will attract commercial cipi- to gear up the Orkneys and tal. large-scale Mr. Reid said there could to being with you Shetlands for he interest relief grants for development. One deterrent new projects under whim a for potential investors, other bank would lend money vrailft than those who offered their the asenev would give cash services in a hot flush of for the next ISO patriotism early on, is that aid. in order to reduce the before spending they want to effective interest rate to per from Coalite Group and be sure the next British haps five per cent. Such i Government will be as com- financial techniques are ' mitted to the islands likelv to be discussed »itn | development as the present Standard Chartered, the »ri- tish bank which has sett a the Falkland Islands Company- one. manager to take over all On a small scale. Mr banking services on the Monk’s office has been a islands. But Mr Reid #id: On 23 December 1851 Her Gracious trade in general products? , channel for 3.000 offers of “Projects on the stocks now Standard Chartered Bank sends its I skilled labour or investment, are not at the stage were Majesty Queen Victoria, by Royal Charter, 132 years on and the Falkland Islands j ranging from building trades- to ask Ihe . men and businesses to thev are going incorporated the Falkland Islands Company Company still farms there and provides warmest good wishes to the people of the , restaurants — Chinese, bank for a lot of money. Indian, and Italian — hair The Government is toping to promote farming and trading enterprise many essential services to the Islands’ for mutton processing and Falkland Islands on this 150th anniversary. dressers. and a vet. as well on the Islands. Its mandate was “to breed community. Together with all Islanders we' as the famous mobile chippy shellfish developments, an ; which has been shipped to upgrading of hotel and guest fivm the stock ofwild cattle and other wild look forward to the enhanced prospects 1 Port Stanley. The list has house facilities. cottage been whittled down by the industries, the expansion of animals on the said Islands and to export and which the future now promises. I Foreign Office to 500. The tourism and the .possible We look forward to establishing our branch , Italian is favourite among the establishment of a 200-rule restaurateurs because he can fishing Vimit. But according in Stanley in the near future and assisting I make his own pasta, and so to Mr Reid, apart from the I be less reliant on scarce local salmon ranch, there are at in the banking needs of the community. ; vegetables. the moment only a lot of Most applicants are bound little things.” Among these, to be disappointed because a launderette may he quickly j the Falklands does not want. set up. and there is a firm | and could not support, a proposal for a wool sninnins l sudden large influx of entre- mill at Fox Bay by the end Standard Chartered Bank is Britain’s 1 preneurs and skilled workers, of the year, with agency i Mr Monk advises that the assistance. Falklands largest independent international bank : best way of getting involved His immediate ronrern Wool ! is to subcontract for jobs the purchase of a 1SO.OOO acre with the ODA or the Crown farm from an abspntee I with, more than 1900 offices in over Agents. landlord firm called Parke I 60 countries around the world. There are three main non- Brothers, which is ask"1? military programmes. First £500,000. An offpr pin- the British Government has structed by Mr Reid b?s allocated £15M for post-war gone in from the Falkland | repairs and maintenance, of Government. The plan is10 Stanley , which £6.25M. has now been split the farm into betv*en \ Supermarket I spent. The 250 contracts *so four and eight parcels far let include the dispatch sell it to islanders, who l of a complete road team from need not only agency liflP the construction firm Fair- but bank mortgages to i>L,y | dough, and equipment rang the land. [WEST STORE] ing from mobile homes, three Assuming the salmon rj5p]| ; light aeroplanes, and tools £oes ahead, there is ft'11 i for the public works depart- more than £8M waiting tolie ; ment to sophisticated spent on Falklands devf^ apparatus for the islands’ ment. The ODA says that*0-! grasslands research unit The commercial funds attr^? islanders have also filStandard Chartered# I further water, powered StKrV addi,i

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\jf\A : Hoi-aHM flA 4 Farmers Weekly. Februarfi2&r 1983 45

NEWS

**■ | Ti- 1 Deputy editor TED FELLOWS who only last wesk jretunsed from an intensive tour of the Falkland Islands reports on what could be a fitting gesture alter a century and a half oa British rale.

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Mi- Rural tranquility at Durum, near Goose Green settlement, East Falkland

Falkland farmland

on special offer FALKLAND-born islanders may soon have the opportunity to buy a piece of land carrying 3000 sheep from their government at a preterential rate. Fox Bay East which comprises has exhausted its budget in a policy of land £SS SflRSK =52 w— government Government. EHSSSS SKHf Sir Rex Hunt, civil com 6000 sheep lands will have trebled over the missioner of the Falklands, Packe Bros is asking £500,000 past three years to a point where | hopes to get agreement this for the whole property, the it is fetching nearly £17 a sheep, three sections being priced at The land splitting practice week. /230 000 £170,000 and has already been done twice, at The property belongs to Packe Bros and comprises three £100,000’ ’ respectively, Fox Bav and Green Patch, with sections of West Falkland — The Falklands government ASome success.

THEWhere General leaps tlierehardly a handful or available 3s NOTHING like a < energetically on to the females between 15 and 50— is a basic problem that stage claps his hands By MECHAEL BEE9WN existed long, long before the Meanwhi and turns a Com troops got there. in Port Stanley There is no genetic mystery mander's gaze on the about it—like only boys being 1,000 men before him. born between 1933 and 1968. will be doing a worth while that is a very high priority It's just that most of the girls “ Now. about women.” he there’s n< job." here. of that time eventually got "begins crisply . . .there is Tlie General Major bored with Falklands life, and instant attention, absolute General David Thome, the For military personnel and the merchant service out went off to find their fame IN cosmopolitan down silence. Falklands military commander and fortunes elsewhere. Quite and Commissioner—gives this number the 1.800 population town Buenos Aires the " Where you’re going there by almost three to one. No a few were ** poached ” by the iircn’t any ! Not for you little lecture lb all troops small Royal Marine garrison steaks were thick alfd arriving out here. one is quite sure, but esti tliere aren't. mates put the ratio of men in those days. juicy. He probably doesn't enjoy it “ In the Falklands the fair to girls in the tiny capital. The restraint of our boys The women were beauti —in fact I know he doesn't in the past eight and a half sex are either under age, or Stanley, at ” ten to one a n d fully dressed, and men's 6poken for.” That old song “ There Is months has been admirable. worsening.” wallets bulged. Nothing Lake a Dame ” from Their incredibly long work that He claps his hands a-gain, South Pacific, was very popu Tlie place is woman starved. But less than 20 miles away, an possibly to make sure that no Even the NAAFI has noticed ing hours, as they hammer lar when he was a young and bang the islands back 100 rag-clad children queued plan one has fainted from shock. subaltern " now it's the Falk that soldiers will forsake at a church soup kitchen for siblc their cheaper goods for the together again, is partly res " You arc here to work,” land forces theme song.” ponsible. their only meal of the day. the he continues firmly, “ and I It has to be that way. say West Falklands stores, just to Most of the men sleep on . . . Maize mush flavoured a S4 can promise you a lot of the authorities, if strife be served by a girl and have accommodation ships moored with beef dripping gravy. Ar 1/i at ! But I think you will between civilians and the a bit of banter. out in the harbour. The last Although Mrs Thatcher that enjoy yourselves because you military is to be avoided. And The girl gap—there w boat out to them from shore ■its securely 8,000 miles away, quia can be as early as 9 p m. these problems are as much land Stanley has only two pubs, hers as the Argentines. They will a couple of small hotels where Present Mrs Thatcher you need to book months In with her- greatest foreign Bi advance even for lunch, and policy opportunities. junt a coffee bar run by the Back in the Plaza Del Mayo, cred Vicar's wife. outside the shocking pink Arg< presidential palace, women s\ipj cry for their ** disappeared " But PARTIES sons, daughters and grand- -so i But the troops know they children—8.000. 10,000, 15,000 »■ £ only have to be here lor six desaparecidoes ”; nobody wo\ months, and that in the event knows how many lor sure. of serious domestic trouble Outside the Bank ol Outl ines it is eight tn the morn they can be on a plane home ing. There's a '300-ya.Tfi long within 24 hours. They're sav queue. The hank, has aOcvex- 111 in gmoncy, and going fishing. XVaeO. a e\ex\ea\ \oh. KX the c In many respects they are maXeWVXa •sWYa.^.e crt. Ca.To\\-cva. better ofl than the Islanders. they cannot aEiord the bus For the few unattached girls into town to Join the queue. Crittall z/FVC gives here, mostly nurses and The unemployment rate In © secretaries working for the this tin roof shanty town Is administration on short 75 per cent. i contracts, life Is a fantastic For the first time In the insumhbnplus-shows5 % merry-go-round of parties and memory of d many Argen- proposals. tlnlans dirty. sore-covered 1 But one day everyone will children appear on the °: savlMgs agffilms! other systems have to accept that without streets of Buenos Aires : ** new blood, without fresh hands outstretched or rum- « enterprise, without marriage maging through rubbish bins. A able girls—lots of them—the Inflation • is somewhere w> Better? Cheaper? Measured and made by islands’ future Is seriously at around the 200-plus percent- th Crittall uFVC lives up to its name - and risk, whether they find oil, age mark, and rising so fast Crittall experts fish or even goldmines. to Crittalls unbeatable 130-year reputation. Even a single window can call for a Until that day, even Dame uPVC frames not only have far greater Edna Everage would be dozen measurements and Crittall get them given a whirl, for as the song SP insulation properties than metal, Crittall s. right. Panels are then tailor-made in Crittall says “There Is Nothing Like a Dame.” professionalism ensures that panels fit factories and expertly installed by Crittall- O Grandmother Angela snugly to bring you a , ^ wall-to-wall trained professionals. Herbert yesterday Joined the warmth without celebrations in Port Stanley after a spectacular voyage to Why pay more? <■ cold spots. And the Falklands—the hard way, youcanfeeL * It sounds as if it should cost you a sailing right round the world via Cape Horn. fortune. Yet the actual cost can be around Angela. 47, set sail In 1981 half what you could pay for other systems. with two regulars from her husband’s pub in Cornwall. And the Crittall Cost Comparator proves it Last night she was the star by showing just how Crittall uPVC stacks attraction at a reception given by Sir Rex Hunt. up against other systems, from low-price *' It was lovely sailing Into DIY kits to up-market replacement Port Stanley with all the ships dressed with flags for to* windows. the 150th anniversary,” Angela Get your copy, together with your brochure said. “ They gave us a great welcome and took me to a by posting the coupon today. rodeo.” Economic victims... be

The epic achievements now threatened by AS THE Falklands celebrate, bureacracy weather barracks before the southern hemi comings on the Falklands Governmei sphere winter sets In next ApriL is taking the shine off the magnificent Bex Hunt Is sensible, hard workixi By ELDON GRDETITHS, MP By contrast. 54 new “ civvy ” prefabs, popular—but he is tied, hand and fo. achievement of our Armed Forces in Imported from Sweden in a Swedish ship, bewildering array of Government agci liberating the islands from the Argentines. efforts In the Falklands and the divisions, have only just arrived (because they were London. The momentum of the Task Force is in delays and overlapping bureaucracy that ordered too late), are mostly still in their danger of being lost in a morass of civilian characterises the work of too many of their crates and cannot be properly serviced Main responsibility for the frustra disorganisation and bureaucratic bumbling- civilian counterparts. (because supplies for the local public works heard expressed by Falkland Islande Success in war is not being followed up with It took 60 DAYS to assemble and load And the result ? Despite some useful pro- department still have not been landed). British technicians alike, rests saint H / TaOifeO WinnlifeUd,FREEPOST. Wi t.Ka m.Essex CMS 3 AW the vigorous reconstruction and overdue the Task Force ; to convert Its ships and the Foreign Office’s Overseas D?vcl I V the civil rcconstructors are falling over Administration (ODA). cl * or teL (0376) 5L34S1 (24 HOUR SERVICE) Please send ire the reforms that the British people—and most weaponry for service in the South Atlantic ; *TtSS’nother’s feet. Churning out “ feasibility Falkland Islanders—expected to see with to transport 110 ships, 28,000 men and half-al one a » that recommend further studies. SAD STORY To be fair, the ODA has many a C'ritia]} Colour Brochure and Cost Compaiaioo studies I aeoii-2 i peace. million tons of stores more than 8,000 miles • Wiifin"' • • • waiting . . . waiting . . . for dear- Roads are another example. Army engi ments to its credit. lTet two main ch^ i CGSSg These were the most painful Impressions I at the door of the ODA na * Name. to fight, and win, a triphibious campaign mi? instructions ; a single chain of command ; neers, working night and day have opened np I brought back from a recent visit to the Falk against much more numerous enemy land above all for the kind of leadership that alone a quarry to provide 1.1 miles of new road lands with the House of Commons Committee • It failed to plan sufficiently far In a Address. forces, dug into prepared positions ; and to do across the peat that surrounds Stanley air to get reconstruction off the ground on Foreign Affairs. so in the face of the harshest winter weather can nadlItheR:Task Force operated like this, I field. Total time for the job : One month. i It would l>c improper for me to anticipate and solidly. It is disgraceful that th across country that our troops had never seen’ doubt if would have got past Ascension By conlrst, the main highway, linking the collapse of the main Stanley road the Committee’s recommendations on the Since then, EIGHT MONTHS have gone airport to Stanley towns has disintegrated I main subject of our Investigation—namely the Island ! under the Impact of military traffic p I Postcode------TeL by. Mountains of fresh supplies of vehicles housing as one example. Even In Into a dangerous mess of potholes. Yet there foreseen, so that road building equ Falklands’ future relations with Britain and Take outpost, where Army and RAF building equipment, prefabricated houses and the remotest Is no firm contract to repair it. could be made available to repair it.H I ' POSTTODAY I Latin America—but a clear warning that the filing cabinets have been poured Into Port on permanent alert against The same sad story applies to many of FREE civilian rebuilding of the islands is getting Stanley ; hundreds of civil servants and units arc attack, the Royal Engineers, • It failed to work out how the new F: NO SIAM? NEEDED the Falklands other civilian services. Army Send for the 1983 I badly bogged down needs to be sounded, NOW. technical advisers have arrived to mastermind Argentine i thc dock, will goon have volunteers give lessons to children because the Island Development Agency (FIDA) Crittall Brochure The most glaring evidence of this can be the rehabilitation of the war-damaged areas Working n\dcrs of Military Commissioner education service has not yet been restored the Foreign Secretary has agreed to I i eeen Id the contrast between the efficiency and launch the economic developments fore U1,fillCr)neial David Thorne that all his In isolated settlements. bute £31 million, will fit together wi and Cost Comparator and lntcr-service unity that marks the Forces’ shadowed by Lord Shackleton’a report • tens fens’mustbe out of tents and housed In all- It would be wrong to blame these short- Falklands Government. Iz Critiil J 'IT; -F-IG- tv. T ’Trr,~irc,.?y«'-*— i 25 1983 21.

B f FOR THE BRITISH SOLDIER

hereiMe.'taSES1 g andRVailab,e 50— I----’s NOTHING like a dame H existed' ley troops got there. - Meanwhile, in Argentina, abonf^t isr?° gc"ctic mystery aoout n-iike onlv bovs bein'^ priority of5S ntwiu5FW J 1 most 1933 of and the 19tgirls^-

Jfel and ,“5 there’s nothing but tears e out- off to find their fame Julation fo: tunes elsev here IN cosmopolitan down ic. Quite No a few were “poached by the town Buenos Aires the it es ti small Royal Marine garrison ff men in those days. steaks were thick aftd Ely TOM ARMS capital, The restraint of our bovs Juicy. e a n d in Buenos Aires P?st ciJht and 8 half The women were beauti \D mon.hs has been admirable. fully dressed, and men's CSo tarred, Their incredibly long work- wallets bulged. that it is difficult to attach to talk to Mrs Thatcher more loticed hours, as they hammer But less than 20 miles away, an exact figure. Economic than she needs to talk to 0u orsake ana bang the islands b a c k 100 rag-clad children queued planning Is virtually imnos- them. In fact, she should turn ?r the together again, is partly res- at a church soup kitchen for siblc. The country teeters on a deaf ear and blind eye to 'USE to ponsiole. ^ y their only meal of the day. the verge of bankruptcy with all the signals from the Junta. . have „ „Most of the men sleep on . . Maize mush flavoured a S40 billion debt, It would do Britain no good acconimoaation ships moored with beef dripping gravy. Argentinian pride dictates to help the military bullies out in the harbour. The last Although Mrs Thatcher that they will never relin- save face. The extreme Right, boat out to them from shore Blts securely 8,000 miles away, quish their claim to the Falk- like the extreme Left, is bad can be as early as 9 p.m. these problems are as much lands. This means that there for Argentina, and what is Stanley has only two pubs, hers as the Argentines. They will always be the threat of bad for Argentina is bad for a couple of small hotels where also present Mrs Thatcher another invasion. Britain and the Falklands. you need to book months in with her greatest foreign But not now. The military What is good for Argentina, policy opportunities. Junta is thoroughly des- Britain and the Falklands, is advance even for lunch and credited. Perhaps half of the a return to democracy and a coffee bar run by the Back in the Plaza Del Mayo, A .. . „ . ._ ., stable representative govern Vicar s wife. outside the shocking pink Argentinian machismo would presidential palace, women support a second invasion. ment in Argentina. The cry for their “ disappeared ” But the other half would be military is now talking about PARTIES sons, daughters and grand so angered at the thought of the handover to the Doliticians children—8,000. 10,000, 15,000 a suicide mission that they somewhere around Christmas. But the troops know they would revolt in the streets. Mrs Thatcher ^should help “ desaparecidoes ” ; nobody the swing to democracy by only have to be here lor six knows how many for sure. making it clear that she will months, and that in the event Outside the Bank of Quil- POLICY only talk 'with a democratic of serious domestic trouble mes it is eight in the morn Govern- ing. There's a 300-yard long A lew harassing air attacks, Argentinian they can be on a plane home queue. The bank has adver maybe even some derring-do ment about the ’FaWAands. within 24 hours. They're sav tised a clerical Job. At the commando - type raids on 'Because ot tArs Thatcher's in gmoney, and going fishing. satellite village ol Carolina •remote British outposts. Cer- South AWanWc victory, they cannot afford the bus talnVy a bit ol sa.bre-Tatt.hng there is in Argentina, and In many respects they are Into town to Join the queue. to keep Mrs Thatcher on her the rest or Lntin America, a toetter off than the Islanders. The unemployment rate In toes find pouring pounds into grudging respect for British For trie few unattached girls this tin roof shanty town 1s a Fortress Falklands which arms. here. mostly nurses and Britain can 111 afford. But to continue to roly 75 per cent. The policy is clearly entirely on the military secretaries working for the For the first time in the on short designed to drag Mrs would be an expensive mistake sdministr a tion memory of manv Argen Thatcher back to the UN- and lost opportunity. Britain contracts, life is a fantastic tinians dirty. sore-covered organised negotiating table, cannot forever afford to mam- merry-go-round of parties and a ‘friendly invasion* children appear on the go that the military regime tain an 3,000-mile lifeline to proposals. The Pirates of Port Stanley... Royal Engineers spearhead streets of Buenos Aires : can claim that the 2.000 lost the Kelpers. . . . Their future But one dav everyone will We're having hands outstretched or rum Argentinian lives, at least lies in improved relations with © a ball, Is the maging through rubbish bins. won serious negotiations on Argentina in the context of § have to accept that without Inflation • is somewhere new blood. without fresh message from the around the 200-plus nercent- the future of their Malvinas, improved Anglo - Argentine enterprise, without marriage falklands. It’s age mark, and rising so fast The military regime needs relations. able girls—lots of them—tne been a hard yeai Lancs' future is seriously at for the 1,800 ■risk, whether they hna oil, Islanders, but now fish or even goldmines. they're learning to Until that day, ever. Dan,e let their hair down vyeraê would again. £ w-irLfor as tne song Troops and R- s " There is Nothing Like Islanders have a 'Dame.* joined together In Grandmother . A n f e,1 * typical British . JL -ftfprcay joined the style to celebrate A < 150 years of Colonial rule. I Even the rain can’t wm dampen their -NMfI& i I spirits. vis Cape -• l'el gall in 1581 .. ■ Angela- her a Pictures: J* 5. with two — INN Cornwall- husband s PffVNwas* the star ... L.A1- S^**J±*a*jJ Harry iit deception given Dempster 3 Hunt. into . a fast pace in a sack race hv Sir lovely £Siiihg Jumping for joy.. Economic victims... bewildered children eke out meagre rations - jt was all the local lad is out of luck Stanley for Port '*ith "-Tngela Ride ’em cowboy . - Ships dressec a ;veryary, grest th^.-N. ,e; iave us * +SjO£. rte to * e welootne now threatened by red tape comings on the Falklands Government- Sir ir the reconstruction and redevelopment weather barracks before the southern hemi Rex Ilunt Is sensible, hard working and •f the Falklands are not to be bogged down sphere winter sets In next ApnL _ civvy ” prefabs, popular—but he is tied, hand and foot to a completely, three things must be done— By contrast.^ 54^ new bewildering array of Government agencies In quickly. imported- from Sweden in a Swedish ship, First, put an end to the Inter GRIFFITHS, W only just arrived (because they were Loudon. have oniy. ju», . . mostly still in their Main responsibility for the frustrations I departmental confusion and wrangling that The eP1 By ELDON Of thousands ffUS ordered too laic), are are delaying the establishment of FIDA. be properly serviced heard expressed by Falkland Islanders and , celebrate, b“Tfficent crates and cannot Second, appoint a hard driving chief ' supplies of vehicles, V,iTauon li'rvi'o has not yet been restored bute £31 million, will fit together with the x Mountains °f/^ZlV.bricated houses and Falklands Government. win the Falklands In peace. landing equijnnent, P ‘ poured Into Port teôn^ to blame these short- building have been j crvants and Arê^l around th«f j^tary c.^t" aU his r: ~'i -v'" y . ; hundreds ®f„rrivcd to mastermind teture„rg c!car.arif}s b ge^ ?tahni'4i advisers bP tdamaged areas teclin^,,t;f, £ < o £ ^ ^0 -K> o is£ oB © p& ^ z o < oo gsss&ffisj Z 03 ^ o +- '3 £ _A I < WA Z z q: □o c2 ^ 'S §>< ~ >- ^7 rC «0 O CO m §^1-2 h or ^ PQ .2 ■§ ^ o CL Q^gJf LU * £o|-3- CC 5 'b ^ § < §■ U O O o^ ^ ÛogS § Ph *oJ <£ o « o 3 o vc -cj „ S rQ 5 •> K. ^> K . § ~~S Eh^0>, g o < 'i -2 *> *" Oi5.5 5^-~~

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MAX HASTINGS of The Stan dard is named Journalist 'of the Year in the?.r§ri.tish -Fitess j Awards for ‘an ui'ifqrgettable 1 series of despatch'^, off1 the Falklands War. - ' • ,'f: The judges also pay" tribute:to the whole corps of reporters and photographers who covered, the I conflict; The competition is organised by Mirror Group Newspapers in collaboration with Associated Newspapers Group p.I.c., Express Newspapers. The Financial Times, Guardian, Newspapers, The Ob server,'. Thomson Regional News papers, Times Newspapers, United Newspapers and Westminster Press. Specialist 01; s'. Other awards : Reporter of the Year, Norman Luck (Dally Ex press) ; International Reporter of Hie Year, oRobert Fisk (The Times) ; Provincial Journalist of the Year, Arnot MeWhlnnie (Daily Record) : Young Journalist of the Year, Nicholas Coleridge (The Standard) ; Specialist Writer of the Year. John Moore (Financial Times) ; Sports Journalist of the Year Hugh'Mcllvanney <"*k- server) ;.<■ Columnist of the Year, Alan Watkins (The Observer) , General Feature Writer of the . Year. Terry Coleman (The Guardian) ; Campaigning Journ- l alist of . tire Year, David Leigh ‘.(.The Observer) : Colour Magazine -Writer of the Year. Gitta Serenyp-Dalbert Hallensteln. and Phillip Knlghtley (Sunday Times) ; David Holden Award. Trevor Flshlock (The Times) ; Photographer of the Year. Martin Cleaver (Press Association) ; “News Photographer of the Year. Martin Cleitver. O The BBC’s Brian Hanrahan and ITN’s Michael Nicholson were jointly named Television Journalist of the Year by the Royal Television Society last night for their coverage of the Falkland* WaR .3V; , ) ■:'i 'iris'-v

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A COMPANY of Royal IP »/ff?,e® / Marines are returning to the scene of their his - for toric 85 - mile ‘yomp across the Falkland last '"• ® .‘SS'fet ^The 150 men of D •40 Commando will go to.b,°°sd Britain’s 3.500-strong island M*( I ^^They11 are ^'expected to be 1 Z(/i«2 fcaied in the morei remote> out- Argen- tine raids. It was from. San Carlos that the Marines started their epic march to Port Stanley, each humping up to 1301b

~~Sr Febrii»Vy‘'26,; 1983 Daily Mait'SbihKtay Argentine~~

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~~^lCXtd2s°hfpAlntel0pe in the Falklands. Nor- JR of fences ol S labelling. Hel6[abei told a stuck over steak was meat came nom showing the slaughterhouse. an Argentine T~~

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~~from preceding page~~

weren't trained for war, we didn’t dwell on it. I knew if I began to even have basic geography. think about it at that moment I'd When jrou arrive in a strange - & go mad. I knew we were losing. town j^ou want to see a map at that they were wiping the floor least to find out where you are. with us. but I wanted to win just Imagine what it was like in a war. the same. We finally got to our assigned place, but once there neither we Since we'd gone all that way THEY queued to and spent 60 days there suffering. nor the officers knew how to set I didn't want to surrender just up our position. enlist when the like that. But I saw all the At first we tried to sleep in tents Falklands were companies were beginning to and build fortifications to shoot seized . . . they arrived retreat. from — fox-holes, like the ones we It was a very strange moment. had dug in our training in in Port Stanley as conquerors . . . but for The torrent of missiles had abated Buenos Aires province. But the and we started to emerge from our soil on the islands was terrible; the young Argentine positions. We heard that our you dug a hole and within two recruits it was to end in friend Braturich' had 'been trangr days it was full of water. We were hunger, fear and ferred to hospital and Santos had on the defensive so we needed to surrender been hit by shrapnel which left stay put, but that was impossible his arm hanging (I heard later he with the constant flooding. lost it). Lieutenant Estrada had We knew the first attacks would been hit flying shrapnel. I come from naval artillery and started ng about loads of bombing, so we built caves and woundedm soldiers. stone fortifications. VJe put them together as hest we co\iiU, -using It was then that we discovered big stones weighing as much as the body oi a. hid who'd been. I1 forty pounds. We took ages to yards away from us. Shrapnel hat finish them but luckily they were burst into his cave and he’d beer i ready before the naval and air killed instantly. It split open hfl helmet aa it were a tin ol attacks began. sardines aflfc.j^rblown away half his Then we learned as we went skull. along. The boys from other We pulled the dead boy out and positions hit during the first covered him with a blanket. He attacks told us how they’d got on. lay there for twenty-eight hours ‘Look, don’t use that kind of while the battle raged. We didn’t stone.’ they said, ‘because a bomb take him down the hill and we fell on so-and-so’s position and didn't bury him. He was already killed him.’ dead, and we couldn't risk giving So bit by bit we were learning him a more Christian burial to make war; first under small because the shelling had begun bombardments, then the heavier again. ones, then in the ground attacks The body just lay there as we found). We must have been a doubt whether our first aid pack English artillery strafe Mount as the British started to advance. sorry sight, we looked awful. rifles. But the planes flew in over the commando platoon. I had to artillery then began to aim for the carried on fighting. Only a few And experience always came a bit was any use simply for a cut on Kent and Mount Longdon where the channel, following a course help lug shells for a 105mm field- hours before we’d been playing We lived like tramps and we the hand. It didn’t even contain trouble spot. too late. B company was stationed. It was where shots from us, on the gun. AS they’d relocated the gun, The only hope we had was to cards with him. I knew him very adopted that way of life because if peroxide. relentless, from sea, land and air. I had been an office clerk we had stopped to think about it, hillside, would have hit our own the shells were now about half a change the gun's position, but well, I’d chatted to him a during military service; now I had Some of the others wanted the From our position, using binocu troops below and those below mile away and we had to bring that was impossible as it was so thousand times, I felt I knew his there and then, in the middle of English to attack and get it over lars, we could watch the English a gun in my hand. I knew how to the war, we’d have suffered. We could have hit us. them to the new position in the heavy. The shells became more family from the letters they sent use it, but I was out of practice. with, because they couldn't stand helicopters ferrying troops from The English ground artillery middle oi the bombardments. and more frequent, about one him. But he was dead now and we had to live like tramps, eat dirt, not knowing when it would all one place to the next. I’d only done five shooting tests steal to survive, so as not to began pounding in the most It wa5 hel1. bombs were falling every two seconds. went back to the war. There was during my entire military service. end. But they didn't take the On June 10, we received orders on all siues, but we were lucky, we no point in talking about it any suffer. There was no room for human factor into account; it incredible way. Their aim was They were destroying all the Later we met a group of kids suffering; you had to exist. You to leave our position because the very accurate. Our 105 millimetre weren't hit. An NCO was in mortars they detected. It was more. would mean that we had to kill English guns weren't punishing from another regi- just had to exist, people or die ourselves. guns, which had arrived 20 days charge of the gun, but an or amazing. We must have fired 20 The onIy thing we heard was ment and realised I think things like that must that area too earlier, responded quite effectively. dinary soldier lined it up, he was rounds at them the shouts of ‘Watch out, watch Just the fact that people were much. We were an absolute phenomenon and shot with the field-gun out, as the bombs fell again, they were much happen in all wars. It wasn’t a going to die made me feel bad. I We’d also received anti-aircraft better trained. healthy existence. We even drank ordered to rejoin Blow Pipe missiles which are shot very accurately. and they fired 100 Some were dropping five or six prayed to God that peace would the commando Over the radio, the orders They taught me to water from puddles and wondered come, that there’d be no more from the shoulder. The missiles came at us. Our whole yards from me: shrapnel was shoot rifle- why. There was drinking water in platoon in the track the heat of the plane’s from a- bill at the front-line; position shook, flying over my head- Ev®n the deaths, English or Argentine. I area where we’d even the stones smallest fragments were red-hot. I launched gre- Puerto Argentino, but there was suppose the English, who are engine, but you had to know how 'Shoot again, number three gun, nades, how to use started off, be shoot again. Hitting the area well moved; itwasas U was lucky, none of them hit me. no-one to distribute it. professionals, soldiers by choice, cause they needed to handle the electronic control. I mortars, can We had no idea if the puddle didn’t have those kinds of prob saw NCOs who didn’t know how ...’ But len the English realised the ground itself But I saw them fall on the non. masses of things I didn’t people to build that a gun was causing them was moving. But quilted anoraks of some boys next water was good or bad. Luckily it lems or they take them more for new defences and move the field- to use them; when they fired, the know. I should have been taught was okay, but it could have been granted. But I was a civilian in missile shot off in any direction, trouble, wiey began to hunt it then the shells would fall farther me* and ^®y Jus^ burned those things during training — if guns. down. away for a while giving us a short through everything — anorak, polluted, and we didn’t have any the middle of war, dressed like a When we arrived sometimes crashing into the only the basics. But I had to learn of the water-purifying tablets soldier, but a civilian in the final _ we saw the ground. You can’t start learning They had equipment which de breather. pullover, vest, right through to there in the middle of the war and Harriers streaking low overhead in the middle of a war. tected a y kind of gunfire, even I'd already heard that people I the flesh- 1 don think anyone in which I later saw the English had. reckoning. The platoon gave them everything I had to learn them from another We hardly had anything; I For a week we watched the On June 12, at 6 am, according rille-sho , marking the exact co knew had been killed, and others conscript. they had, even using their ~Fal to my notes, I began working with ordinate of its position. Their wounded, but I didn’t want to I lease turn the page Eut we also learned other things. Everyone grew up a lot. The boys who killed sheep at the WE HAD a radio and more of the news war and in Buenos Aires rad‘°. say: 'And if they kill they come and fight instead outset as if it were a game, came sometimes listened to the broadcasts. of talking? • ' •;:>ySF to realise their lives depended on We heard them on they're still worrying Calvin ,ers who are in the news from Buenos Aires. We preferred to listen to W]y we'll return to the Another day I heard some it. We learned to keep things, about football matches.' ^a nland, gather our forces, That was one way we music because the radio moron talking about org save, live differently, and that’s When I came home, I heard anising a football match on received news of the war ,f fighteW S0,diers and return BHHHr 'v4 ^ ^ 3Bs an important experience — even the radio boasting came out with such crap, that lots of people had be the Malvinas. It really would though we had to learn to steal, and tried to find out what we just wanted to curl up haved properly. have been something out of out of necessity. was happening at the and die. But when we were over Angry this world. We were like cavemen. We made front — that and informa there we couldn't understand We laughed — but in anger. .. why didn’t they Crazy why so many took the war so ‘A[]d if they kill us again, : S .'--L fires with odd tits of wood, cooked tion which the officers r®turn to the mainland, And we took no notice at all in empty tin-L>*ns, and always naturally. of those marching songs picked up. *“rv °ur dead, train went around with our faces and 'It can't be true,' | said Then there were those who about the Malvinas. They aim But after a while we Jo fightdl6'rS and then return hanJs black from the smoke to myself. 'They're all shot their mouths off as if were ridiculous. ON THE RADIO there was brava come and fight? (didn't want to hear any they were the really brave. (although later we made a chim- c crazy. Here we are in a Wh\/ u/n virf nrv of fko frnnf h The Mail on Sunday, February 27,1983 PAGE 33

wnv .• :^-: -"Mm v; . :; ' M#;*

dwell on it. I knew if I began to think about it at that moment I’d go mad. I knew we were losing. that they were wiping the floor with us. but I wanted to win just the same. Since we’d gone all that way THEY queued to and spent 60 days there suffering. I didn’t want to surrender just enlist when the like that. But I saw all the Falklands were companies were beginning to seized . . . they arrived retreat. in Port Stanley as It w-as a very strange moment. conquerors . . . but for The torrent of missiles had abated and we started to emerge from our the young Argentine positions. We heard that our recruits it was to end in friend Bratunch had been trans hunger, fear and ferred to hospital and Santos had surrender been hit by shrapnel which left his arm hanging (I heard later he lost it). Lieutenant Estrada had beenwounded hit i^îiers.flying shrapnel. I started h1 ng about loads of The sergeant who It was then that we discovered the body of a kid who’d been 10 yards away from us. Shrapnel had burst into his cave and he'd been killed instantly. It split open his helmet asims it were a tin of sardines a.^^blown away half his took our rations skull. We pulled the dead boy out and HUNGER gnawed cease i, chewed on the rotten covered him with a blanket. He es of cows they had lay there for twenty-eight hours lessly at the young ;d a month earlier and while the battle raged. We didn’t Argentine conscripts. the bones in water and take him down the hill and we The incompetence and ed them. It turned my didn’t bury him. He was already corruption of their offi dead, and we couldn’t risk giving cers and NCOs often left him a more Christian burial ☆ ☆ ☆ because the shelling had begun them starving as again. these three interviews STOLE to eat. I think we The body just lay there as we reveal. ill had to steal because of the commando platoon. I had to artillery then began to aim for the carried on fighting. Only a few ack of organisation. first aid pack English artillery strafe Mount rifles. But the planes flew in over hours before we’d been playing the channel, following a course help lug shells for a 105mm field- trouble spot. I HAD to steal because our I watched the English for a cut on Kent and Mount Longdon where The only hope we had was to cards with him. I knew him very simply contain B company was stationed. It was where shots from us, on the gun. As they’d relocated the gun, section leader, Sergeant M, army while I was a pris vras hancL^t didn’t even the shells were now about half a change the gun’s position, but well, I’d chatted to him a FOOD: meals like this oner. No-one shouted and relentless, from sea, land and air. hillside, would have hit our own thousand times, I felt I knew his kept for himself milk, From our position, using binocu- troops below and those below mile away, and we had to bring that was impossible as it was so sugar, everything sent by became just a memory things were done in an wanted the them to the new position in the heavy. The shells became more family from the letters they sent orderly fashion. When they lars, we could watch the English could have hit us. him. But he was dead now and we the supply officer; nothing helicopters ferrying troops from The English ground artillery middle of the bombardments. and more frequent, about one got to our trench. were for when we started gave us food they shared it every two seconds. went back to the war. There was out equally; and they ate one place to the next. began pounding in the most It was hell, bombs were falling Of 15 packets of ciga fighting. But the se/geant no point in talking about it any the same as we did. On June 10, we received orders incredible way. Their aim was on all sides, but we were lucky, we They were destroying all the more. rettes, he gave us only one touched them all right. weren’t hit. An NCO was in mortars they detected. It was One day they handed to leave our position because the very accurate. Our 105 millimetre The only thing we heard was cigarette between two and We were very angry. Now charge of the gun, but an or amazing. We must have fired 20 the war is over he had over food so that we could had 1011 English guns weren’t punishing guns, which had arrived 20 days the shouts of ‘Watch out, watch kept the rest. 1 hardly had that area too earlier, responded quite effectively. dinary soldier lined it up, he was rounds at them even a tiny piece of better not run into any of divide it among ourselves, an absolute phenomenon and shot with the field-gun out,’ as the bombs fell again. and there was such a row, were much. We were We’d also received anti-aircraft Some were dropping five or six chocolate. those kids in the street 5SSS £■& ordered to rejoin very accurately. and they fired 100 because they've got it in such a lack of organisation, fact bad. I Blow Pipe missiles which are shot at us. Our whole yards from me; shrapnel was He grabbed the rice he that some ended up eating the commando from the shoulder. The missiles Over the radio, the orders came flying over my head. Even the was supposed to give out for him. Some wanted to xo*%at P<^ce wouid platoon in the from a hill at the front-line: position shook, get on with the fighting nothing at all. be no more track the heat of the plane’s even the stones smallest fragments were red-hot. I and made a meal for him area where we’d engine, but you had to know how •Shoot again, number three gun, was lucky, none of them hit me. self and other NCOs, using then just so they could kill r Argentine, l started off, be- shoot again. Hitting the area well moved; it was as if him under cover of the to handle the electronic control. I the ground itself But I saw them fall on the meat from our cold rations. ☆ ☆ ☆ ed EthgeUS®f|e.rs' by 'cho^ cause they needed saw NCOs who didn’t know how ’ But when the English realised quilted anoraks of some boys next We saw it every day. firing. people to build that a gun was causing them was moving. But Some of the corporals to use them; when they fired, the then the shells would fall farther to me. and they just burned They'd piled up the OUR spirits were low, not new defences and move the field- missile shot off in any direction, trouble, they began to hunt it through everything anorak, were fantastic; they wanted down. away for a while giving us a short rations in a corner and to fight him to make him from fear of the English di'dD’torfco1tfi®'c y i them i]jan jn guns. sometimes crashing into the pullover, vest, right through to would not let us touch them They had equipment which de breather. give us food. Once one but from lack of food. The waS Pressed like a When we arrived we saw the ground. You can’t start learning the flesh. I don’t think anyone in — even though the mice cold rations had already Lie leB3^d- BUof war. Harriers streaking low overhead. in the middle of a war. tected a.ny kind of gunfire, even I’d already heard that people I corporal killed a lamb from in the final rifle-sho15. marking the exact co knew had been killed, and others were getting at them — which the sergeant picked been opened. it ian The platoon gave them everything On June 12, at 6 am, according Please turn the page because they said they they had, even using their Fal ordinate5 of its position. Their wounded, but I didn’t want to the best bits for himself, When my father realised watched the to my notes, I began working with and then forbade the cor from my letters that we v.e poral to kill another for us weren't eating well, he went to the regiment to they come and fight instead to eat. And he gave the left more of the ne v/s war and in Buenos Aires % if ,hey ki" overs not to us but to find out what was happen a radio and of talking? broadcasts. they're still worrying are in the commando troops who were ing. 'Look,' the acting com listened to the fl/iajvinas, we'll ireturn to the Another day I heard some We preferred to listen to passing. mander said to him, sornetfgrn Buenos Aires. about football matches.' mainland, gather our forces, moron talking about org- 'they're given boxes like music because the radio Practically no food way we When I came home, I heard trajo new soldiers and return anising a football match on this twice a day, as well as one came out with such ~ that lots of people had be fo fight ... reached us. Some who had That was of the war crap. the Malvinas. It really would herbal tea and a few drops hot food.' news we just wanted to curl up haved properly. have been something out of The box contained two .reived to find out what But when we were over of milk made themselves a and die. Angry this world. brew but it was almost pure tins of meat, a stove, choc there we couldn't understand We laughed — but in anger. water. I went for two and a olate, cigarettes, whisky. Crazy why so many took the war so ;£ndrJtfJheV km US a9a,n' And we took no notice at all half days without eating a But do you know how I naturally. || bur n to the mainland, marching songs soS, 0Ur âd, train of those single mouthful, i got to the finally got to see one of 'It can't be true/ | said Then there were those who {1, fightd. ' S and then return about the Malvinas. They point where I didn't feel those boxes? An English to myself. 'They're all shot their mouths off as if were ridiculous. ON THE RADIO there was bravado and promise of hungry any more. soldier gave it to me when they were the really brave. victory ... at the front, bitter reality______hear any crazy. Here v/e are in a Why, we — An Argentine conscript Some boys, in desoera- I was a prisoner. I remember hearing one on wondered, didn't CO :J5 ill sill S!ijHl*\ i -* bfi •sSc-S’o £ S§p| r***' c Pî §1111. i-i&iiipii Pptp Pfllflll *«! 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~~aaa i MMMMMiiMaaiii mm,•~~

*|"chae W"t°n. his wife - Julie and their dau^ter Victoria setting off frStl ashnight to begin.,a.new life Mr wiir^ ^s-.fapiJghf a genera! store — and a fish- and«Prt0 give the Brifish troops “ a taste of home.”

~~VVV~~

~~'>...... feqtovS~~

~~£ ish and chip~~

~~force heads~~

~~for Falklands~~

Mike. 40. his wife Julie 23. ancl soven- I KSm dau?ht°r Victoria Bi Hons to emigrate to are the first years conflict. the islands since last U’s ‘"•cam. but RAF jet at Brize Nrnon oTon b°arding i I fill adventure' and \v'U* H be a wonder_ there." Victoria addeS -^V1 Wa5t to get i see the penguins.” * * wa,1t to | Flying last night. . ■ Mike, L-.2S3K3kt'r-»S=or.-»^. wife Julie and daughter Victoria THE OBSERVER, SUNDAY 27 FEBRUARY 1983

~~: i Exocet plot~~

~~tip-off was~~

ignored by Intelligence by PETER DURISCH BRITISH-- security ser- ‘On Monday I shall put vices showed no interest down another question ask- in information about a mg why the security services , ^ _ nr? ____ n,;„;iQC took no interest when they plot to sell Exocet missiles were 0fferec| this tip-off,’ he to Argentina, according sajd to the British arms dealer * In the light of The who allowed Tiie Observer’s revelations, I Observer to attend clan- want to know what contact destine meetings at which was made by die British arms the deal was discussed. dealer with representatives of _ . . , 1... the security services and why The British, aims dealer bg was ignored’ telephoned a special security revealed details services number in London , , . , wppi. * CchieriinBr“nchr appears that the entire deal delegated to Special Bianch hag collapsed The British dunes in his -local police arms dealer bas received force befoie he contacted numeroUs telephoned threats. us. •I; - just• * got_ the ubrush-off'u » be visitedOne callerby said astu week' • , another suggested that the Special Branch man said lie would deal with him. One would, . get on, to , variousc . anonymous threat to me said people but at the end of the health was at risk.

know what happened the,/„r,Er-™*oSf3 arms dealers is based, said The people on the secu- last week . « We are studying rity services number said tbis most closely. It is some- they would call me back, thing which interests us very They never did. much.’ Last week we revealed In Paris Defence Ministry how a group of gunrunners officials said that if French and businessmen weê citizens were involved and ^?™ptl£g t0 PHrc.hase, the offences were on French AM?)*) Exocet air-launched sojj tlien prosecution could missiles for Argentina by follow. .«But there is no way pretent^ng that they were we can control ^weapon de- destined for Sudan. liveries once they have left The issue has been taken France if the deal was con- up by Mr... Tag). Dalyell, sidered above board in the Labour MJP-V,.. for West first place,’a spokesman said. Lothian, wfib fiftt week He added that fraudulent tabled a question in Parlia- arms dealing was difficult to ment demanding to know detect if sales had the appear- what investigations were ance of being legitimate ones being undertaken. to foreign governments. PORT STANLEY BUT IT Is not the lmrne-* diate future which wor Saturday. ries the Fergusons, the GALE force wind Bartons, the Millers, the whistles coldly Robertsons. through the town, It is what will happen if ever the day comes when bending the lupins, their much-loved Gover marigolds and sweet nor, Sir Rex Hunt,.or his Williams in the front successor, has to break garden. It can’t be the news that the British taxoaver will no longer doing the raspberries. foot the bill and that our In the back garden Forces are quitting. much good either. That is why these last few From my window seat in days I have been asked the Upland Goose Hotel the same question over I can see a liberty boat and over again full of officers and men “ Who is going to win the from HMS Endurance, next General Election ?” anchored just 100 yards For in their hearts they out. struggling ashore. know that if Mrs In the town hall at 10 p.m. Thatcher loses, so do the band of the The they. Royal Hampshire Regi- it HAS been a memorable ment will strike up for week, the anniversary ball. i will never forget the The carnival is almost excitement on the way over. here of being on the Tomorrow the sheep Hercules flight deck farmers. with names alongside Flight Lieu like Ferguson and Barton tenant Colin McLea as we and Miller and Robert refuelled at 20,000ft over son, who with their wives the South Atlantic. and children have con I will never forget the gregated here for the warmth and friendliness last six days doubly to and gentle courtesy of rejoice in their deliver every islander I met. Or ance from Argentine the "impeccable manners occupation and in the of the bright-eyed young, 150th anniversary of many of whom have British rule, will be on never even seen TV. their way home by float plane. by Land-Rover and Could that be why ? some even on horseback I will never forget visit threading their way ing the tiny, beautiful through minefields to graveyard where Colonel their remote settlements. H. Jones. VC. is buried at San Carlos. But it was the IN WHAT sort of mood do grave next to his which they travel ? I have to made my eyes mist report that, especially up. It was that of M. among the young, it is Holman Smith. 2nd Bn., one of nagging Par a troop Regiment, uncertainty. killed on the .same day Their anxiety concerns the as Colonel Jones, May apparently unending 28. 1982. The inscription hostility of Argentina, on the headstone said : which refuses even to “ You remain in our admit the war is over. hearts forever a hero.” It was half expected that He was just 19. during the emotive 150th anniversary celebrations THERE HAS been humour, the Argentinians might too—like the story of seek to secure a propa islander Roy Buckett, who ganda coup by making a was accidentally strafed brief landing on some by Harriers at Dunnose deserted island and rais Head. ing the Argentinian flag. He was sitting on the That has not happened. lavatory at the time and But the danger is not had no idea what had yet over. happened. The pedestal And a new date has to be simply disintegrated ringed in the calendar— under him and he was April 2, the first anni left holding the chain versary of the invasion. and vowing never to eat What better day for the baked beans again. Argentinians to demon BUT MOST of all I will strate. that no matter remember the reply of a how. long it takes, they dear old lady celebrating still mean to conquer the her golden wedding when Falklands ? I asked her whether in Could they achieve a suc the first days of the cessful landing ? I do Argentine occupation she ndt think so. had really thought that The area which has to be we would come 8.000 kept under surveillance miles to the islanders’ is1 vast. But such is the help.. , ., state of British military She looked at me In wide- preparedness under the eyed surprise that I quite outstanding leader should even have posed ship of Major- General such a question. David Thorne, it is my “ We never doubted it for firm conviction that if a a moment. We Just party of Argentinians knew that you would not did land on a deserted let your own folk down.” island on April 2 not one May the day never come of them would leave it when her simple faith is alive. destroyed. E&tKLANDS lOGETlÊW ÂIRPORTnnW ^ •• By PATRICK WATTS

in Port Stanley ; rpHE Falkland^ is to get x a new airport capable 1 of taking big transport air craft, Mr Timothy . Raison confirmed yesterday. The Minister for Overseas Development, winding up a visit to the islands, made the announcement in IGpvernment House, Port’ Stanley. Contractors will: be, arriving soon to tender, and possibly to choose a, site, he said. The Ministry of Defence is also to pay about £3 million to repair a five-mile • stretch of road between Stanley and the only existing airport at Cape Pembroke. He hinted that the: Overseas Development Agency-will make cash available for the purchase of three farms on West Falk land owned by the PaCkes company. Jn- They comprise 151,000 jicrcs and carry a tolaT'iof 31,000 sheep. Pa ekes have, offered them for £500.000, independ ently or as a block, k.

£300m POSSIBILITY1. Runway for TriStarS" Our Air Correspondent writes: Defence ^Ministry estimates of the cost of a new airfield. sited away, irom Stanley, have ranged from £160 million to £240 million, possibly rising to £300 million. First priority woillti be the > completion of -.a . ,9.000 to | 10.000-ft Tun way'to accept R A l- TriStar long-range freighter- 1 ankers in two years’, Umo. The existing'1 runway at'.Stanley has been lengthened by the Royal Engineers from 4.000 to 6,000 feet and covered with alu- , minium matting. This is being used by Phantoms, Harriers and Hercules transport and tanker aircraft.

FIRST MIGRANT FAMILY FLIES TO FALKLANDS The first British emigrants to the Falkland Islands since the conflict with Argentina, Mr Mike Wilton, 40. his wife Julie. 23, and their daughter, Victoria, seven, began the 8,000- mile^ journey last night in an RAf jet. They sold their share in a Kentucky fried chicken business in c High Street. Hastings, Sussfex, and put their money into i a Port Stanley general store with a fish and chip van thrown in. , vs^ii Mr Wilton said: “ It mayTjot be everyone’s dream but its a challenge. We aim to . give...... a there tfie best fish and chips they’ve' ever t had . . Vg taste of home.” Picture — P2 i acpp r/l»k e shopkeeper his «'fe a Wilton »'■" otl to ^ie serving batter Faik- fish and chips 10 land troops. Ken. Tbev sWaPg^* chicken SXess.

~~“ Wo aim to R* nd chips~~

S^S®!*-taste » bear r the »>From wtave bad Ar°e^t «*5HsrSo«ns, tot»( first TsF"since „ put their Thesgarc^-io a general store thrown m. official a Foreign *v.«pi off whoBrize sNorton,2*?rton.p Ox on,sa td:on I>“ard ac" n” go *rons' 2E?r»' can the troops. • •»' I

~~■ -ear -iM7 ______JHE OBSERVER, SUNDAY-27 FEBRUARY 1983 [WORLD REPORT BMM ------A ■~~

~~How the~~

~~British~~

liberated San Martin sailed from Eng r land in 1812 at the start of a campaign which bears strik Argies ing similarities to the Mait land plan. HUGH O’SHAUGHNESSY He first took control in Buenos Aires, which had BRITAIN conceived a already revolted against the detailed military strategy Spanish crown and was self- in 1800 to free South governing. America from rule by He co-ordinated with an V the Spaniards Spain and seize commer in Chile not. as Maitland had 3 cial advantage there. planned, a British army The seven-point . strategy, shipped from the Cape and . whose existence has just been India, but a Chilean patriot unearthed by an Argentine army led by General scholar, was remarkably simi Bernardo O’Higgins. lar1* to the plan put into He crossed the Andes into practice 12 years later by Chile with the help of Indian General Jose de San Martin, tribes and defeated the the Argentine national hero. Spaniards in Chile at the Argentine historians have battle of Chacabuco in 1817. always looked on San Martin Having carried out Mait as die sole architect of the land’s plan of 1800, San Mar- independence of much of ion->/eturned t0 England in South America. Every Argen 1824. In the same year Mait tine town and village has a land died in Ceylon where he street or square named after was lieutenant-governor. JIMMY BURNS reports from him and his picture hangs in Buenos Aires: Captain every Argentine schoolroom. Alfredo Astiz is reported by According to Rodolfo military sources to have flown Terragno, who has just com to South Africa, having been pleted three years’ work in cleared by a military judge London University’s Institute of cowardice and respons ,Ladn American Studies, ibility for the premature sur Major-General Sir Thomas render of troops under his Maitland, an ancestor of the command on South Georgia present Earl of Lauderdale, during the Falklands war. presented to the then Prime Astiz is believed to have Minister, William Pitt, a plan left the country to avoid which consisted of a series of giving evidence before an moves aimed at breaking independent judicial inquiry Spain s control of South into his activities before the America. war. Lawyers have linked They included : Astiz to the disappearance in •The seizure of Buenos. 1977 of a Swedish student Aires by an army consisting and two French nuns. of infantry, dismounted cavalry and artillery. • The preparation of the Argentine city of Mendoza • I at the foot of the eastern side I of the Andes as a base for a I strike against the Spanish colonies on the Pacific, coast I of South America. • A HossinS of the Andes from Mendoza, with theHjelp | of native Indians, and*'the seizure of Chile by thj| two < armies. The plan may have been communicated through mas onic connections to San Mar- nn who, after quitting the Spanish Army, travelledr-tfo Londori using, a Britistffass- r port. San Martin, like many other ooutn American patri- &?» 'SS-a. freIerTlason. as was I I r Argentines •A*j_ • X*\*AWM Visit' 2'T|x\83 A« rp in? xaverue for tho fllct have been ordered bv th* •C:>. t^igffityM&i§f$?er on him by MoD to submit to .Question- Ttiini^Lrv of rQeicnce man- ing by th^ Argentinian jour darins—-he w&’* forced into nalists. It was Salt’s turn this Captain S?n^geeiMl? bJo5rSSSB& M. apparently led to about the British side of the angry talk among the crew Falklands war—Captain Sam members of the Southamp- i Salt has just issued a warn- ton. some of whom come from I ing to his former adversaries, the Sheffield. But Salt la j Salt’s'‘ship I “ I expect to be back In powerless. Falklands waters before too Politely, he told me: I it • ■ III 5s long.” he told;me stiffly. "As must say It was a complete d By PETER: DOBBIli a result I was very careful surprise, but I was strongly FFICERS ‘ of t he ties-1 I what I said.!, to these jour- urged’ to see them. so troyer ' Southampton e-1 showed Argentine sailors sr | round, their ship during a j te9»Kp»xocet. Buts.tef !jr>tit'll be Interesting,aa to see at I recent,, courtesy visit to k wealed last^. key what they mak« of Salt* )n Hamburg. gures in the Fi Is con- horrifying tale. h. The :3,500 Ion destroyer is p* commanded by Captain James, f J ” Sam ” Salt who commanded her sister ship- the Sheffield e. which was .'unk during the | • - Falklands war with the loss of 20 Jives. He said yesterday that , 0 leit would have; been “entirely; inappropriate ’* to have turned ; sf t§pl ith the Argentines-away. i -fT3 £•!•§§! HI on The Southampton was show- Wj I ; -g* -o+*S mg the flag in Hamburg and >n, was open to the »public when ec- five Argentine ratings presented Hi s* ,• igli jp themselves at the gangway. ■ u --grass *c- The British: . officers were nd “a Cacij taken aback at first. Would the 10. presence of the Argentine,. . 4^ Wl sailors offend the crew which included men who had lost -hip- , mates in the South Atlantic. The Navy decided not. They Illp!blfiSwSSI#aSsiS£ would carry out- their duties I with the courtesy and profes- g i sionalism expected of them. ° >- G Ct3 2 cj Out of uniform i y.=si id j“ | So the Argentine-.sailors, who Jk I were not in uniform and were in Hamburg to crew a German h. vessel carrying military equip- lP pient bound for Argentina, were ... shown round the destroyer. ••7 which carries three main guns, a helicopter launch pad; tor pedoes and equipment for firing # h 24 Sea Dart missiles. ™ le :i Captain Salt, 42, said the Argentine ratings were among gri!3liritls h 1,500 people who were taken Q' round the ship during the three hours she was open to the public. At his home, near Chichester, he said: “They were simply g H-s's.cS lifsg members of the public and it ■9 seemed sensible to show them round. Security on board was very tight and out-of-bounds 8 n1* * i areas were roped off- g^°g Sgs e “Men were constantly watch "|p-2g| * ing for .anyone going astray.” CaptSfr'Salt, who took com mand ;bf the Southampton in aissif fflpi S e October,-'said that the Argen- fctxiejmec < P-5 u -2 4 .. tines had not been given any i_. ta ! special treatment. 3 Si,gsg„t!£jSg$ “ As far as I know, there was O) 3 M noj question of them being T3*r<*gS rri l served drinks. It would have been entirely inappropriate to turn them away.” . i itWHnUsh Captain Salt, who is married with two sons, said that during the visit to Hamburg Britain and the Navy had received nothing but praise for its defence of the Falklands. & “There was a tremendous KmPUmM amount of understanding and kind words.” l llis!ilsill!i^iih i No sun for Attack on loans

to Argentina I ^ARGENTINA’S ability to buy arms would be reduced by the terms of its loans from the Inter national Monetary Fund, Sir GEOFFREY HOWE, the Chancellor, told the Commons yesterday. Facing renewed criticism from M Ps of all parties about Britain’s involvement in inter national banking aid worth A -8 billion dollars to Argentina, Sir Geoffrey said British banks had ‘ very substantial and long standing financial interests ” there. The Argentine economv had “many natural strengths'” and there was never any shortage of countries willing to offer arms in exchange for com- modifies produced as a result of the surplus. Rebuke by Tory But Sir Geoffrey stressed: “ The I M F programme has attached conditions requiring substantial adjustments in the Argentine economy that will reduce rather than increase the scope for the purchase of arms.” But the Chancellor was rebuked for his “ bland ” remarks by Mr JOHN WILKIN SON (C., Northwood), who said the Argentine Government had not renounced the use of force over the Falklands dispute. “ Is it not rather, unedifving that British banks should be engaged in negotiations of this kind ? ” he demanded to loud Labour cheers. r iiid.uc.uii 1 iliieS liitUSUcly reui Uctt.Y £

in Stsetlands launches Smurfit ise cut cap? : knitwear patent drive e at T am i In Mi to beat Imitators paperrr I ?.Y ANTHONY MORETCN:. TS.THUSS CORRESPONDENT By Maurice Samue •s or"rring VHK SHETLANDS Is spending SML'RFIT. part - orners a j iy50,000 over the next three based JefFerson-S -epayment • year in a drive to promote a yesterday beearm mortgage • trademark which will identify member of the t source island-made pullovers and industry since lh< Is intro- other knitwear. year to announce The patented trademark will On May l il is i speciality paper m borrower ! be attached as a swing ticket Alders Paper Mi monthly (tickets whigh hang from the Staffs, with the I bank and back of clothes). It will appear the mill's 290 env, F on the from the autumn. The move, -whit As part of the drive, the nrough an particularly vigilant against recent closure-of a PAYE tax island’s 29 knitwear producers st element and designers have formed the those attempting to pirate the 11111 a^xf° e e as more Shetland Knitwear Trades symbol. This portrays a Shet- 1,16paper n so the net i Association. Mr Laurence land woman hand knitting. ctatinnerv ir. i Smith, of L. J. Smith,, is the The Shetland Islands Council Lt lakes t0 mf has. put . ,th,e The number 0f m nrnvifif's 1 chairman. although it has had some assis- in lhe in the There are some 2.000{knitters tance and advice from the £££ indus(ry s; nan—keen- 1 out nf l,le Shetlands population at a hard- °f 23.000. Many are hand knit International Wool Secretariat. ninc of cj0 After the initial three years announced last y« .or many ters or work hand frames from their crofts. Production of the it is intended that the industry Wiggins Teape garments is an important part will finance the association u plannej t0 she borrowers of crofters’ income. through some form of levy. It three sites. Th > to £25,000 In recent years they have is also hoped to get some assist- t0 cjose a \\rt let of basic been hit by a lack of marketing ance from the Highlands and employing 796 a» the bank, ability and a flood of cheap Islands Development Board. j0bs are t0 g0 al tax relief imports — called “ Shetland ” The council is anxious to pro- Mills owned by- o system, — from Mauritius in particular mote greater awareness of Daj]y post and F •ffering its and the Far East in general. Shetland garments because of ‘j)r j0'ini \v portunity of Mr Smith, launching the the changed economic situation rrh machim oly payments pursue through the courts any Voe. Developing the woollen ci0sed because r to reflect one using the word Shetland industry has a major part in the money every ye r tax relief. illegally. ten-year plan it has launched for In ‘the 12 mon ic advantage Tile association had already the islands. 31. 1983. their •nts in the begun to oppose use of the Knitwear brings In about £4m ceeded £lm. word Shetlands “ with some a year. The industry produces The move po ive method success,” he said. It would be some 500,000 garments annually. Is a lion across .lays is the While Smurfit < j 7 repayment making specie tax relief is concentrate o c whole term Pretty Polly puts its material. Wigg c*. The bor- ing in the npp ko fixed net , movi*'"

i 83 (U Tif^( ffjUtfit) f4/ii 3vi|(iUb AH 5t 3/2/53 ZII2-I63 Britain Falkland ‘must do Falkland display Foreign Office Minister Cranlcy Onslow yesterday troops duty in opened an exhibition atthc, House of Commons markipe 150 years of British rule in islands’ the Falklands. ; .'1 diet is LORD SHACKLETON i- - ruled out any short-term solution to the dispute between Britain and hard to Argentina over the Falk- | land Islands yesterday.

He said: “The British D.nicemi ■ will have to continue to do 2 -}/ X I p?-. swallow their duty and defend the Falkland Islands. By Colin Brown “It's absurd to think EXHIBITION OPENS BRITISH -troops who re that so many people think Mr Cranley Onslow, Foreign it is possible for the covered the Falkland Islands Office Minister, opened an ex from Argentinian forces are British and the Argen hibition at the House of Com tinians to sit down and mons yesterday to mark 150 now having to stomach talk at this moment, when years of British rule in the tinned beef from Argentina. the Argentinians still Falklands. It includes pictures Bully beef is the staple have not declared a com of Ihe Falklands war and diet for Britain’^ fighting plete peace. products from the islands. forces, and surprise that it “They still have only • was being supplied by Argen one objective, as we well tina was voiced by the senior understand, which is to Conservative backbencher, regain the Falklands." Sir Timothy Kitson, yester Lord Shackleton, a day. guest of the islanders for Sir Timothy is the chair week-long celebrations man of the Commons Select marking the 150th anni Committee on Defence, which versary of British rule, is returned at the weekend the author of an economic from a week-long visit to the survey of the Falklands. Falklands and he com which urged a £ll0m. plained about the forces’ programme of economic shopping list of foreign food development. to the Prime Minister in the A major recommenda Commons. tion was land reform, and He said that the committee Lord Shackleton said: "I was surprised to find not hope something will hap only that the tinned beef pen fairly soon on this." came from Argentina but also that the apples were from France, the port was from eastern Europe, some beef came from Uruguay, and Danish bacon was also on the menu. The committee also found potatoes from Cyprus, turkey from France, and jam and fruit juice from America. “ While we saw some cab VETERAN jockey Bill Morrison told yesterday how bages from Lincolnshire, he galloped to victory in a Falkland Islands cele surely Britain can do better bration horse race . . . twice in 50 years. than that ? ” he complained. Bill 71, beat 15 other riders at a meeting in Mrs Thatcher, who Port Stanley to mark 150 years of British rule on launched the buy British Monday. campaign, assured Sir As a youngster working Timothy that his strictures on a sheep farm, he was would be passed on “ to the also winner of a similar appropriate place or places.” race celebrating the cen She hoped that British food tenary in 1933. Bill said with a grin: ,fI firms were urged to put in sort of had to win again competitive tenders. or I would have had to There was suspicion among EIGHT crack Paras clear out of town. the all-party committee that were one jump ahead the sale of the tinned beef to of their mates yesterday Lucky when they dropped in the Ministry of Defence, on the BBC in London to came about through super launch a new series. “Perhaps I'm lucky, but markets wishing to cash in The team from the honestly I feel as fit as I on unsaleable stocks of beef did when I was 21.” taken off the shelves during Red Devils Parachuto Ironically Bill’s win Regiment jumped from ning mount, Ballena, was the Falklands conflict. One 2,200ft to land at the Duke bred in Argentina—and big chain store last night of York’s barracks in so was second-placed denied that this had hap Chelsea. „ . Helena. pened , The new series, called A spokesman for the Minis "Tho Paras”, follows The race was run on a the escapades of a bunch new track donated , by try of Defence said that no of young recruits in the Britain’s Jockey Club to supplies from Argentina had famous regiment just bo- replace one ruined during been bought since the inva fore the Falkiands crisis. I last year s war. sion of the Falklands, but some stocks bought earlier might have worked through. v_XW By ROBERT PORTER their surrender. Where this was and IAN WALKER in good condition it was being MPs’ fury fed to British troops. BRITISH troops on ‘However, we buy where we the Falklands are can get food most cheaply. We do not necessarily always buy living on rations of British.’ Argentine bully beef. But a red-faced Mrs Thatcher told the Commons: ‘Having Most of it is food British helped launch the Food from housewives snubbed during for our Britain Campaign, I will see that ♦ the war last year, MPs were your scrictures are brought to told yesterday. the attention of the appropriate At the time, supermarkets _ A place or places in the hope they cleared their shelves of Argen SIR TIMOTHY food firms will urge British food firms to tine produce. put in competitive tenders to Apparently, the Ministry of He gave MPs a long list of monopoly of foreign food bought feed British troops.’ Defence then moved in to buy other foreign foods being sup by the suppliers. I think that British food suppliers are up the surplus stocks, according plied to the Forces defending they are not doing the job very to Commons defence committee more than eager to compete with chairman Sir Timothy Kitson. the islands. well. their foreign rivals. ‘The corned beef was from A spokesman for Sainsbury’s His revelations, during Prime It included apples and turkeys Argentina and there was a hell Minister’s question time, came as from France, potatoes from said that tile Ministry of De Cyprus, jam and fruit from the of a lot of it. This stuff has been fence probably decided to ship a major embarrassment to Mrs bought at knock-down prices and Thatcher, already facing strong United States, bacon from Den out imported food because it mark, beef from Uruguay and a lot of people said it would be was cheaper. criticism from her own sup nice to have British food for a porters over the mounting cost pork from Eastern Europe. He said: ‘If a soldier^ diet of keeping troops in the There was loud laughter from' change. does have to include a lot of Falklands. Labour benches as he quipped: ‘If you can imagine half a corned beef, then that has got Downing Street sources ‘While we found some cabbages dozen troops sitting on a highly to come from South America.' revealed later that she has from Lincolnshire, surely Britain valuable installation and sud Before the Falklands crisis ordered a Ministry of Defence can do better than that.’ denly getting two tins of Argen the store gTOuD sold some inquiry. Later he said: ‘Going through tine corned beef for lunch, you Argentine corned beef, But Sir Timothy, who retires at the food stores we had one hell get a few rather rich comments.’ those supplies were immediately the next election, returned at of a job to find anything that The Ministry of Defence said withdrawn during the hostili the weekend from a fact-finding was British. that some food had been left ties, and now their main sup visit to the Falklands. ‘There seemed-to be almost a behind by Argentine forces after plier is Brazil. & ‘^.€0 ARGENTINA’S military ended'in national ruin. The junta options in'’what promises responded to the wave of criticisms to be a protracted and with dire warnings that attempts venomous cold war in the South to “ undermine the prestige ” of Atlantic are by no means as of pride in its country's military the armed forces could endanger potent as some reports have performance, and added: “Our the restoration of democracy later recently suggested. Navy pilots are extremely proud ol this year. There is no doubt that as long as what they did and we would have With the military in such uni the Falkland Islands remain under no problem in doing it all again.” versal disrepute, the junta has British sovereignty there must be But there are two considerable little to gain from a fresh attack I a risk of renewed Argentine obstacles to deter Argentina’s un- on the islands. The mob might attack, whether orchestrated by doubtedly valiant pilots from cheer some token display of Mai- the.... junta,___ _or improvised by... „a .....lone “ doingr3-*'-" it:*- all again.” The first is ?inas belligerence, and the Argen- Air Force fighter pilot. But for that ten months after the war, the Pe°P'e as a whole lemain 1933 at least, the risk does not look defences of the islands ought to high. Few Argentine civilians be such that a Super Etendard that Las Malvinas son Argen- would today 'welcome a renewal of could not lift off Argentine soil rtinas. ” , But .most eyes ...are now hostilities against Britain; and the without an alarm bell ringing in focused pn democracy. War was generals(innoralc areora farfor shortcWfr ofnf thethn mili-mill. theHlP UplandITnlailH GooseHnnCP Hotel,Hnfpl ^St years dlStl’aCUOll. tary wherewithal to succeed in A lone Argentine assailant In the longer term, however, whatever aggression they might searching for a “soft” target the military threat to the Falk- dream up to salvage their lacer- might just strike lucky. But such lands looks more ominous. Arg'en- ated pride. an attack would have little military tine military re-equipping is al- | The junta’s main military objec- significance and would only ready well under way following tive in the South Atlantic now strengthen British resolve. An all- last year's hammering, and there seems to be to make it as expen- out attack on the islands by Argen- appears to be no shortage of sive as possible for Britain to keep tina’s newly assembled squadron funds. In this respect, the banks up its .guard. In coming months— of 14 Exocet-carrying Super of the western world have been maybe years, if Mrs Thatcher wins Etendards, accompanied by falling over backwards to stuff the next election—we can expect Mirages, Skyhawks and any other dollars into the generals pockets, a series of “ incidents ” to keep the bits and pieces that can be scram- The banks may have been acting defence force on its toes. Argen- bled into action, might well wreak to save their system from ruin, but tine vessels will stray close to the considerable damage on the the new cash, destined to pay off exclusion zone round the islands, defence force. But at what a cost? old loans, has had the indisputable K> army units will .practise commando The attack would surely be re- side effect of relaxing constraints assaults in Patagonian barracks, ------011 ^ie m“ffary budget. admirals will issue belligerent moMV *TTra Mine The junta’s contempt for mone- # warnings, Super Etendards will HJiMl ALLIilVMILLo tary matters in any case verges on mass at Atlantic airfields. Sooner t t the fantastic. Last December, the or later, so the junta appears to feels that although sporadic junta-appointed Dr Jorge Wehbe, be hoping, the tension and expense Economic Minister, announced involved in defending the Falk- attacks may lake place, the that Argentina’s foreign debt lands will turn.the British towards ' .. , . . totalled $43,000 million. Last week negotiation. generals would probably ]ie corrected himself. He said Such a strategy demands officials had made a mistake in patience, and •that'is not a quality prefer to negotiate a doing their sums and one $6,000 figuring prominently in the Argen million entry in the books had tine character. .But what else can peaceful settlement been added up twice. Now Dr the generals try? Wehbe says the foreign debt is A colleague- of mine in Buenos buffed with heavy Argentine ®?7'°00...... The re Aires thinks a glory-hunting Air losses, and further defeat is simply Ai0entme Press greeted this re Force squadron might take a crack not something the junta can con- velation with derision and incredu at, say, the floating hotel used by template. It is still trying to come, lity. the British to relieve the troop to terms with last year’s disaster. As long as the money is there, accommodation problem in Port The second obstacle is more sub- the generals will spend it on aims, Stanley. “ They could send out a tie but ultimately more discourag- and it is the international banKers few diversionary Mirages, get the ing. Last April’s invasion success- lookout if the coffers run dry. Navy to float a warship close to fully diverted public concern with jthe restoration of cmlian auth - the edge of the exclusion zone, and the inadequacies of the junta’s r)ty likely to. tighten the p while the defenders were looking political and economic record. But strings signincantiy. the other way, the Super Etendards defeat refocused criticism and As the arms-purchasing pro- would wing over the horizon and doubled it in spades. Today the gramme proceeds apace, there are loose off their Exocets,” he argues. Argentine military has sunk so signs that .intelligent lessons have y “ If they hit the hotel,at.dawn, the low in public esteem that only the been''learned from last year’s casualty figures in the war would concrete promise of elections this defeat. For example, cheap but quickly be evened up.” .- • year seems to be keeping the lynch useful maritime reconnaissance Foolhardy aS.,s#faictics might ““ ^ °f airCraft have bcen %Mei with sophisticated French radar to in- d!sp?rit^ganevidehcen?thattlsome Allegations of military c.orrup- crease the junta’s ability to spy at ?reafsuchTfnaasseaufCplanWsen. tSSf deforce But Argentina ously—whether for rea* or for Martinez, a centrish politician is still a long way from achieving propaganda effect is difficult to recently accused the military of anything _like military parity in the judge. Only last week, Vice- “pillaging’ the country. Outraged, South Atlantic. Admiral Roberto Moya, com- the junta sent him a telegram ask- Political initiatives aside, it mander of the naval air arm that ing him to confirm or deny that he be seven years or more flies the Super Etendards, insisted use(i the worcl ‘ Pillage. He con- before the generals feel confident in the face of all public evidence Armed it. enough to resume the war they 5 to the contrary, that HMS Invin- There are frequently snide re- have never admitted is over. It’s 1 cible had been struck bv an Exocet ferences to the generals’ military a distant question, but will Britain missile during the war. He berated abilities, and widespread scorn for be fighting for the Falklands again the Argentine public for its lack the boasting and posturing that in 1990 ? I 2.2.

~~o i n/ / To?r “/ rj92 i by V K5 r€rPETER - » asaailfsfe^ TORY~~

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/ Fomily |« not joining in the <£&&& ** ; J ‘ j fun. It appears that the most impressive figure in the South Atlantic is one TIMOTHY RAISON, the VISITOR Timothy Raiion rather dreary' Minister for j i li|I. Ab| 1 1 Overseas Development,- a (above)M and island "parlia figure who can hardly be 1 ment/' the Upland Goost. the Falklands’ favourite person.1 despitenhis ^p/are.ft §£* Inâsibn'ê/tad S“ wife As Minister for Home Affairs he presided over desire to, In the light of requested ?or pRtnpS ?/ ,theL P™Prietor of the the Government decision, the controversy caused bv. ANDREW to lead t?5 Splffids 9.00se Hote1' the only recently reversed, MRS. THATCHER'S celebrations lead th* gaiklands unofficial not to grant all Falkian- visit. He arrived nr PAllre. Houses of Parliament. ders the right of British citizenship. a #|£§3; PRINCE»orte5J)e.®CHARLESn said that go? COWARD’S VSCTOKY Pala^ ^Buckingham WS'B» interest I rfir P?™* Club 7“*"^ Produced an boom êr-b oTm'- ALEXANDRA?™^83 master Sift NOEL COWARD™f"fi had been upYo Sir know * ’ VônTthh^nf Aftfer a11 {he blood, Harold Wilson, who was Prime Minister at tSe time Ate ill'd lo?nf «“2- SWeat and' ^ of the Coward would not have been knighted ’ busy aU- a lot °r ^ are summer receiving

~~SHsa*- aiass sfesi r~~

SEPTEMBER, 1982 Falkland Islands, as their strategic importance was such that ‘even in time of peace [they] might be of great conse quence to this nation, and in time of war SOVEREIGNTY would make us masters of the seas’. The Government reacted with inertia. The history of the Falkland Islands, which oscillated between bouts of frantic ■JStiAND HERALDRY action, interspersed with long periods of backwater tranquillity, has been dis cussed at length elsewhere, so it is only fte case of the Falklands necessary here to recall the fact that \ ■ : mm-: Commodore John Byron was sent to the islands in 1764 to establish British Rodney Dennys sovereignty. He landed on the West » Island and took formal possession on January 23rd, 1765, on the grounds of Heraldry, as we know it in previous experience of maritime explo prior discovery. This was emphasised Western Europe, began to develop about ration, and described by Richard Hak when Captain James Onslow, command the time of the First Crusade luyt as ‘a man of good observation’ who ing H.M. Sloop Clio, took formal pos (1096-1100), for the purposes of iden sailed in the Desire. He lived to write a session again on January 3rd, 1833. This tifying the feudal leaders, the kings, most stirring story of perils, hardship has remained the British position ever princes, counts and greater barons, and and mutiny, which Hakluyt printed since, and we can now see how the (J^ contingents of those abbots and shortly afterwards in The Principal heraldry of these desolate territories bHnops owing knight-service to the Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and reflects the history and sovereignty of crown.Within the next three centuries Discoveries of the English Nation. It is no them. the use of armorial ensigns had spread wonder that the Desire plays such an From the fifteenth century onwards downwards to the lesser barons, important part in the heraldry of the Armorial Bearings were being granted knights, squires and yeomen. Falkland Islands. by the English Kings of Arms to the Meanwhile the heraldry of the ruling After the discovery by Christopher corporations of cities, the guilds of families tended to be regarded, more and Columbus of the West Indies in 1492, London, York, Exeter, Bristol and the more, as also representing and identify the rival claims of Spain and Portugal like, and to the great merchant trading ing the countries they governed. This persuaded them to ask Pope Alexander companies, such as the Merchants of the developed in modern times into the VI to arbitrate on their respective Staple of Calais, the Virginia Company, system of state heraldry, used by almost spheres of influence. In 1493 he drew a the East India Company, and so on. The every country in the world, whether line from north to south down the Atlan first English Grant of Arms in the New their culture and traditions sprang from tic, awarding all lands to the east of it to World was by Garter King of Arms in Western Europe or not. Royal and state Portugal, and all to the west of it 1584 to the City of Ralegh on Roanoke heraldry are not only the trappings but to Spain. His award was felt by Island (now part of North Carolina). the demonstration of sovereignty. Rul Portugal to be unfair, and it was sub- The first Seal of the Colony of Jamaica ers have also granted armorial emblems quently modified by the Treaty of Tor- was made under a Royal Warrant dated to territories over which they exercise desillas in 1494, which moved the divid February 3rd, 1661/2, and shows the dominion, in order to emphasise their ing line to the meridian of approximately Armorial Bearings which it still uses. The sovereignty. The Falkland Islands are a 50° West. Apart from a considerable part first Grant of Arms to any British Territ PP^d example of the latter, as a glance at of what is now Brazil, this gave Spain all ory south of the Equator was that by their early history shows. South, Central and North America, Royal Warrant of Queen Victoria, on On August 14th, 1592 Captain John including what subsequently became the April 29th, 1893, ‘for the greater honour Davis, commanding the Desire, was dri United States of America. The Falkland and distinction of Our Colony of ven by storms to ‘certain Isles never Islands, then unknown, lay in the Span Queensland’. From that time Arms have before discovered by any knowen rela ish field. Although England was a been regularly granted by Royal War tion’. Here the ship’s company took staunchly Catholic country at that time, rant, instead of by Letters Patent of the refuge after having suffered extreme they and all maritime nations thought Kings of Arms, to British Dominions, dangers and privations with appalling the award of the dissolute and corrupt States, Provinces and Crown Colonies. weather in the Straits of Magellan. Davis Spanish born Borgia Pope a put-up job, In these cases heraldry reflects an estab is therefore generally regarded as the and one which no Pope had power to lished sovereignty. first discoverer of the Falkland Islands make, and have consistently ignored it These Royal Warrants are drawn up who actually touched land there. Out of ever since. by Garter King of Arms. They are a ship’s company of seventy-six men and In 1690 Captain John Strong, com engrossed by the Scriveners of the Col boys who had sailed in her from manding the Welfare, visited the islands lege of Arms, and include a painting of Plymouth in August 1591 in the small and named the sound between the East the Armorial Ensigns done by one of fleet of‘three tall ships and two barkes’, and West Islands after Viscount Falk the Herald Painters. The document is only sixteen returned alive to England in land, then Commissioner of the Admir then passed to the Secretary of State June 1593 in a woefully battered ship, alty and later First Lord. The name concerned, formerly the Colonial Sec the rest of the fleet having been lost. came to be applied to the whole group, retary and now the Secretary of State for The account of this voyage, originally which includes nearly a hundred small Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs. He for the purpose of exploring the South rocky islets. submits it to the Sovereign, who signs it Pacific, the Philippines and the China In 1740 Captain George Anson, later at the head. It is then sealed with the coast, was written by John Jane, a Admiral Lord Anson, urged the British Sovereign’s Lesser Signet, and passed merchant of London, with considerable Government to survey and annexe the back to the Secretary of State, who signs 37 HISTORY TODAY

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~~mi Yfr** 11 * Figure I (left) the first At* Arms of the Falkland Islands. Its replacement, Figure II (right)~~

tion with the Executive Council and other local notables, wrote to the Secret ary of State for the Colonies requesting that the colony be granted Arms of it at the foot. It is then passed back to the greater simplicity than their then Arms, King George III, and which was after Earl Marshal, the Duke of Norfolk, which ‘had aroused some critical levity’. wards known as South Georgia; and the because all Royal Warrants of this kind The matter was taken up with Garter neighbouring Sandwich Land, which he are addressed to him, as the last para King of Arms, Sir Algar Howard. A new named in honour of the Earl of Sandwich, graph makes clear: design was agreed and Garter’s Office First Lord of the Admiralty, and which Our Will and Pleasure therefore is that drew up an appropriate Royal Warrant was afterwards known as the South you, the said [Christian names], Duke of for King George VI to sign on Sep Sandwich Islands. Owing to the inhos Norfolk, to whom the cognizance of mat tember 29th, 1948, by which new Arms pitable terrain and climate neither is ters of this nature doth properly belong, do were assigned to ‘Our Colony of the suitable for permanent settlement, require and command that this Our Con Falkland Islands’. These were divided although they earlier proved a most cession and Declaration be recorded in horizontally by a wavy line, blue and useful base for whalers and in more Our College of Arms, to the end that Our white. In the upper part was a Hornless modern times for teams engaged in Officers of Arms and all other public Functionaries whom it may concern may Ram standing on Tussac grass, in their scientific research. take full notice and have knowledge proper colours; in base were two wavy From the time of their discovery these thereof in their several and respective blue bars on which was superimposed hitherto unknown islands have been Departments. And for so doing this shall the Desire, in gold, with five red stars on British possessions. Not even the be your your Warrant. her mainsail. The Motto is ‘Desire the Portuguese have claimed them, The full text of the Royal Warrant and Right’. (Figure II) although they fall within that half of the painting of the Armorial Ensigns is then The Ram alludes, of course, to the fact world awarded to Portugal by Pope recorded in the Official Registers of the that wool was the principal export of the Alexander VI. Because they carr^fc College of Arms, as the central office of islands. Unfortunately the Herald minimal settled population they have record for Commonwealth Arms. The Painter at the College of Arms was been administered, for reason of con original Royal Warrant remains in the evidently not provided with a picture of venience only, as dependencies of the Garter archives and two exact copies are the Desire, so used his imagination to Falkland Islands, although it was envis made, one for the Secretary of State and produce a curious kind of lymphad or aged by the British Colonial Office in one for the Governor. symbolic medieval ship, the like of 1962 that they might later be erected into In the case of the Falkland Islands the which would never have been able to leave a separate Colony. Colonial Office asked Garter King of harbour, let alone sail to the stormy While much exploration of Antarctica Arms to devise suitable Arms and draw South Atlantic. The five stars on the had been undertaken since the sixteenth up a Royal Warrant, for King George V mainsail allude to the Southern Cross. century, no efforts were made to colon to sign on October 16th, 1925, granting The rule in heraldry is that it is the ise this desolate land and its inhospitable Arms to ‘Our Colony of the Falkland blazon - the technical description in islands. It was not until the nineteenth Islands’. These consisted of Arms words - which counts, and the picture century and later that claims to (shield) only, divided diagonally (party accompanying the Royal Warrant or sovereignty began to be made by the per bend, as we would blazon it) blue Letters Patent is only an illustration of Powers. By Letters Patent under the and gold. On the upper (blue) half there the blazon, which is usually correct but Great Seal, in 1908 and in 1917, Great was a representation of the after-half of can on rare occasions be inaccurate. In Britain annexed the territories south of the Desire in white, and on the lower future drawings of the Arms the Desire Latitude 58° South and bounded by (gold) half a Sea Lion. Sir Henry Farn- should be commemorated more realisti Longitudes 20° West and 80° West, ham Burke, then Garter, produced a cally, for ships of the period were which converge at the South Pole. The design which made it look as if the ship remarkably beautiful. Falkland Islands Dependencies thus had sailed slap into a cliff. (Figure I) In January 1775 Captain James Cook, included the South Orkney and South On December 3rd, 1947, the Governor in the ship Resolution discovered the Isle Shetland groups of islands, and several of the Falkland Islands, after consulta- of Georgia, which he named in honour of others, and a portion of the Antarctic

38 SEPTEMBER. 1982 continent ending in the peninsular of Commissioner of the new Colony, which at home, founded their small, locally- Graham Land, as well as South Georgia does not include the South Georgia and governed colonies on the fertile soil of and the South Sandwich Islands. South Sandwich groups of islands. The New England. A word which had a In February 1950 the Governor of the Colonial Office asked Garter to arrange noble ring of freedom about it has suf Falkland Islands proposed to the Colo for the transfer of the Dependencies’ fered a semantic change over the cen nial Office that Arms be granted to the Arms to the new Colony. turies. Falkland Islands Dependencies. He A Royal Warrant was accordingly The last of these Royal Warrants to submitted a suggestion for a possible drawn up and was signed by the Queen date is that assigning arms to Belize, design, but this was found to be inap on August 1st, 1963, by which the shortly before its independence within propriate and Garter King of Arms made Armorial Ensigns of the Dependencies the Commonwealth. The Warrant was alternative suggestions. Finally a Royal of the Falkland Islands were assigned to signed by the Queen on October 1st, Warrant was signed by the Queen on ‘Our said Colony of the British Antarctic 1981, and the relevant passage reads as March 11th, 1952 assigning Armorial Territory’.These were identical to those follows. Ensigns to ‘the Dependencies of Our previously granted; ‘Whereas for the greater honour and dis Colony of the Falkland Islands’.These ‘And furthermore as an additional mark of i tinction of Our Territory of Belize We are were divided horizontally, per fess Our Princely Grace and Special Favour desirous that Arms and Supporters be wavy, the upper half barry wavy of six We do grant and assign unto our said granted for that Territory, Know Ye there pieces white and blue, and the lower half Colony of the British Antarctic Territory fore that We of Our Princely Grace and all white. Superimposed was a red pile on for Crest, on a wreath of the colours a Special Favour have granted and assigned which is a Torch enflamed proper. The representation of the Research ship Dis and by these Presents do grant and assign Supporters were a gold Lion and an covery , with sails furled and flying the Blue the following Armorial Ensigns for Belize Emporor Penguin proper. The Motto Ensign at the mizzen peak.’ was ‘Research and Discovery’. The field The RRS Discovery was most appropri rjfte Arms symbolises the predominant ate, as she had made several important \\Trer and ice; the Pile alludes to the voyages of discovery and scientific and quadrant formed by the latitude and geographical research in the Antarctic. longitudes bounding the area, while the This time the Herald Painter got it right, Torch symbolises the search for for he was sent to look at the ship, as she knowledge. The Supporters are a Lion of was at that time moored alongside the England and the most important of the Thames Embankment. local birds, the Emperor Penguin. (Fig This was the last Royal Warrant to use ure III) the term ‘Colony’, since it was becoming Figure IV. By an Order in Council which came somewhat outmoded. All subsequent into operation on March 3rd, 1962 the Royal Warrants assigning arms to self- British Antarctic Territory was consti governing Commonwealth countries As regards flags for Commonwealth tuted, comprising all those Dependen describe them by their name alone, Territories and Colonies these are cies situated south of the 60th parallel of without any descriptive prefix, while approved by the Sovereign, not by South Latitude, bounded as before by former colonies are described as ‘Our means of a Royal Warrant, but by sign the 20th and 80th degrees of West Territory of so-and-so. We have come a ing a painting of the flag, which is then Longitude, to be known as the Colony of long way from the ancient Greeks who recorded in the Official Registers of the the British Antarctic Territory. For founded little colonies of self-governing College of Arms. Governors and administrative convenience the Gover city states in Asia Minor, and the Pilgrim Lieutenant-Governors of States, Pro nor of the Falkland Islands is also High Fathers who, dissenting from conditions vinces and Colonies fly the Union Flag (the Union Jack) with the shield of Arms of the Colony in the middle, encircled by Figure III. The Arms of the Falkland Islands a garland of laurel leaves and berries. Dependencies. The inhabitants would fly, as well as the undifferenced Union Flag, the Blue Ensign with the shield of Arms of the Colony on the fly. On May 30th, 1969 the Queen authorised National Environmental Reasearch Council ves sels, when engaged on British Antarctic Survey work, to fly a Blue Ensign with the Arms of the Colony of the British Antarctic Territory on the fly. (Figure IV) Thus it will be seen that heraldry is the handmaiden of history, demonstrating the realities of power, and adding colour and interest to the dull machinery of government, while the College of Arms continues to play a central role in it. It also illustrates the constitutional position of the Earl Marshal, declared by Charles II in 1673, as ‘the next and immediate Officer under us for determining and ordering all matters touching Armes, Ensigns of Nobility, Honour and Chivalry’.

39 Welcome back, Endurance E‘0 FALKLANDS 111! THE Falkland Islanders fin ally feel sale again for their guard ship has come steaming home. The Endurance entered Port Stanley yesterday to a 15 gun salute and a flypast by RAF jets. Her arrival coincided nicely with the start of festivities to celebrate 150 years of British rule. And by Stanley standards the place went w'ild, with kiss ing in the streets and invita tions to sailors to come home for tea and buns. Endurance was the island’s only protection for years. When it was decided to scrap her she nearly died of shame. But when the Argentines invaded she became the ghost ship that hunted their navy and she played a key role in the retaking of South Georgia. The next biggest event on the day that Stanley cheered again was the opening of the new racecourse, donated by the Jockey Club. MICHAEL BROWN £ J> ."Toflaci Mmt* si/i &,ir9*' * o fy ^ ^'' 4S- zkt&fiz

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pick up » . back to a Penguin normal By Martin Wainwright THE SHEEP 'passant of the From John Ezard Falkland Island standard in Port Stanley flapped out yesterday by the desolate roundabout on the TO DELIRIOUS yells of outskirts of Leicester. The “ he’s done - it,” and on a landscape around Everard’s mount whose' name, Ballcna, Tiger Brewery could easily is still pronounced in the double for Darwin or Goose Argentine fashion, 71-ycar-old Green,' apart :from the Willie Morrison yesterday absence of Rapier missile won the big race at the Falk batteries. lands 150th anniversary The flag was broken out to celebrations, the Governor’s mark another lir\Jc between Cup. W ~ Leicester and the islands, a Green small tin building at No 2 shejpherd had dreamed of and Hebe Place, Part Stanley. saved for his day of. glory for Everard’s start selling Pen a long' time. He rode in the guin bitter, the first home 100th .anniversary1 event in brewed draught beer in the 1933 and paid for an 8,000- Falklands, from the quayside milc trip from retirement in building this week. Bristol' to fry for the double. Negotiations are also put- He. did a mounted dance of i tering along over a possible joy in • front of . the crowds Everard’s pub in Stanley, and shouted that lie Jiad last 8,000 miles" beyond- the present furthest outpost at ridd£ii;.a Winner in the. 1930s. Market Deeping, Lincoln- shire. The owner of the empty Globe Hotel, an £o3-a-monlh pension from the Argentinian who is living in Falkland Islands Gompai^rit Uruguay, is proving slow to It wasahard 700-yarn r^ce answer approaches from the on Stanley Track,, which has brewery’s managing director, been restoried I?y3 . the army, Mr Anthony Morse. wlio removed 62. shells, 270 The family firm, which has tons of1 ammunition and five brewed in the Midlands since era shed liejfcb piers left by 1849, was notably speedy in the Argentinians. realising that the Falklanders The forces gave the task and their swollen garrison priority as a symbol of the would need extra facilities return *ti>;snormal life. The for making beer. While other races dfeWJc$ record number companies sent cans, Mr of entries, Wrdrsomc jockeys Morse negotiated the right to had to be asked to drop out build a £70,000 mini-brewery because the starting line was with four fermenting vessels too narrow. | and a mash tun. The atmosphere was indis i Production starts on Friday tinguishable from that of a under Mr Ron Barclay, Ever small but well appointed Bri ard’s brewer on secondment, tish racetrack until a billow Tjt and Mr Philip Middleton, of smoke went up on Two who was chosen from 14 Sisters in the background. local applicants for the per The army had found.another manent brewery manager’s buried shell. Job. The officer in charge5 of res Penguin bitter, which is a toration, ‘Major John 'Char- real ale with a gravity of tens of the-Royal Scots, said 1,040, will not be available in that the new course Would Britain, last a full week's >aclng “un- : less we get six inches of I rain.” ♦ f

jJgjalkland army commitment 4ongxfe§rm’ Ry^P^miis Barker, Mr Onslow replied :“ What I show some reasonable prospecL mullilateraUta«ik£oadh to the Tift Government envisaged a have ,sP.ecifically ruled 1 out of of “ continuity of existence” in “-area as aW{>2R2U jongetending military commit- neKotiations is the handover of the Falklands. However attrac- >t“j do not< Uuni4 saitl Mr mehi fn the Falklands if there sovereignty. There are other tive a democratic government Onslow. “ that^lnSdiid ^e real- was no "other means of de- ?,eas where we are prepared looked, it still rested with the istic to set un a multilateral ferlnng it against aggression ” !? no!’mal.lse relationships with authorities in Buenos Aires to Svslem which excluded the eov- M rC ranley3 SOns1 o w 8 v est erda v Thls ™“ld be when demonstrate that they could be ^00^ Buen®?res ” fhe told the Foreign Affairs Com- othe? SSi °Vh? \ * and tl?2-r*lherer mi?ht inclusion of Argentina would mittee of the House of Com- 0,,\er side to negotiate without be some possibility of entry up nnar*pnni->hiA.» in the 1110ns — which recently e^'igntv °n 3 handover of sov* lhem " aboVt islanders and the^klca there- returned from • fact finding in PI8 i?’ „ , , otKer, than‘.sovereignty fore remained “at'this moment the Falklands. Mr F oulkes asked Mr Onslow which could be relied upon to something which- is unobtain- : , , r-.,-. . „ „ whether if there were to be leacl to some conclusions.” able.” Mr Onslow, Minister of State elections and a democratic gov- Air fvank Honlpv T ahnnr at the Foreign Office, told Mr ernment in Argentina thp Rri ,f£lrf , 100;?y’, labour . But Mr Onslow said that if George Foulkes (Lab. Ayrshire tish Governmlnt would be MP, for Sheffield Heeley, who the UN visiting commission S), who created anger among willing to negotiate with it ??ld when in, \he Falklands “ expressed an interest to come islanders when he said in the yl A lhfre. was no future for small and see for JS|mselves we Falklands that Britain could h.,t ,?an L} ie T'k p,°!oni,!s llke . thfT Falklands, would listen to it sympatheti- not afford to maintain a mili- smU " ni.im - ^ ^ tls Gl,br3llar’ and **°ng • Kong> cally.” He did not say categori- tary garrison, that he did not ffi !d Mu 0nsIo-v' aAs to asked Mr Onslow lf there was cally that a UN visiting think the Argentinians would nPehi ™ent .m a multilateral solu- commission would be admitted, be willing to use militarv fl1ndCoi1S!1uQiavc- V" 1S jjecejsary tion, since if Argentina did not Mr Onslow would not accept means if they were given evi- ° se!i lhenJ int0 the back* "lve UP lls claim it could lead that there was, as suggested by dence of BritaUi’s willfngness 1!'*?re we have ? re- >° a"°lh« war- Mr Hooley. ■■ un^sinifs. uncer- to resist. JontritTon forwhatXitrhasedone° Mr Onslow replied: “In this J?1!}1? , end Mistrust" of Mr Foulkes asked: “You recorded no regret, refused to *«?»«?"• *Mch is impORiWe-.^kUnd islanded ?m°“g 11,6 have ruled out any kind of renounce the use of force. . . . in Resolve by bilateral -ftfearts,- * Qnlv 22 Fafkla'nd islanders negotiations with Argentina At the very least it would be slmP1-v because the problem is i«pf 7hajfi.il - 1®{andcr® about anything. You have very reasonable to expect that no' s0'vable * bilalf™> eight months- Sne S ofn^he iuled out the United Nations a democratic government in means> does not niean that gr;fjsu Armv said the Primp and third-party involvement. Argentina would lead to regret someonp p1sR fiolvp M ’ ■ lsh Army said the Pnme _ Minister in a written reply. Do you see Fortress Falklands and contrition for the past Mr Eldon Griffiths (C. Bury Figures=6how there was no mass continuing into the foreseeable events.T. ” , St Edmunds) asked whether exodus Of - the islands follow- future and medium-term ? ” lt would be necessary to there was a case for a possible ing the Argentinian invasion

~~Falkland® decision~~

~~6made in advance’~~

Buenos Aires : Argentina's South Georgia on March 19, it Junta decided to invade the £aid- Falklands at a meeting on Janu- The report clashes with the ary 12. ~0 H h r1982,vnoarly Tt M "onths before the invasion look Vasion was planned only a few «ce, the Buenos Aires news- days in advance and that Mrs paper La Razon said yesterday. Thatcher’s Government could La Razon, which has close not have foreseen it. links with the army high com- John Rellie adds : Vice-Presi- mand, said the invasion plans dent llluoca of Panama told were ready -by mid-March and Britain in Buenos Aires yester- the Junta originally planned to day not to install nuclear launch .-the operation on May 15. weapons in the Falklands In Ilow.ever, the invasion was Mexico, a similar, though more brought forward to April 2 after discreetly worded, message was Argentina and Britain became being delivered to Mr Pym the involved in a diplomatic inei- Foreign Secretary during’.the Mover the landing of the Queen’s visit to the Pacific coast .'.attNOjpf Argentine civilians on resort of Puerto Vallarla. -c- cTiNt\'cj Festive asles paIKLAND islanders were a -eU of festmUes 3fis$Si | of 'n^orks. a inilitafiP parade and hors racing.

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~~/ THE GUARDIA-N Saturday,FebruaryA9:.1983 yj~~

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TOTTV ,^ W* l be 1,}C fun °- tile ^air in Port Stanley next week, but the celebrations marking 150 years oj allegiance to Britain may be overshadowed by a sombre ceremony j ^ EZARD reports from Port Stanley as the islanders prepare for a celebration of sovereignty

A Last Post before the Falklands fanfares I Tomorrow, in a state of (■'Please phone Alison Thom l high defensive alert, ihe Ken Summers, a union linch member such all-out, dedi 'I he graveyard contains the invited to send represents- current private member’s bill as at a Home Counties riding if you have cakes and buns pin since the 1940s — fencer, cated festivity. I Falklands begin a week-long for the children’s partv ”) bodies of 221 Argentinians, lives, but were not doing so. to grant full citizenship to stable, but fit and powerful, celebration of the 150th anni whaler, jetty-ganger, jettv- There is, of i course, an only 106 of whom have been Stanley residents have so ,he 400 islanders denied it Most are of Argentine have tended to overflow into builder, 18 years an elected other somewhat larger identified Unidentified fold little about the Nationality Act. She stock. And that versary of their briefly-inter the Falkland Islands Broad funeral in these parts today some rupted British sovereignty, it casting Service's councillor, darts player, De graves will have ciosscs bear- today’s funeral When thev will find a ^coining party islanders have been saying as will be a cross between a evening fence Force member, one of when, if the schedule can be ing the inscription known j ■ A , ,, ' „ whiA on John Street to cheer her they read the souvenir pro- news magazine programme. the men who re-roofed Stan maintained, a Catholic ser Wild West Rodeo. Widdi- But one night this week the only to God Seventy-seven a u t h o f uTe s are''into Lois Cotta&e* where she . gramme, which still uses the combe Fair, a Cowes Week ley Cathedral, pump captain vice will be said over a new of them fell during British arranging for the broadcast is staying with friends. occasional Spanish equestrian announcer. Patrick Watts de of the fire brigade, “ above graveyard- for some of the. re attacks on. hills near Stanley, Sfrvfce" it will baft some Visitors who expected the term - is a 76-year tradition tin - bath race, and the layed the overflow. "To start buried Argentine war dead-. Edinburgh Tattoo, with almost on a sad note, the funeral all. an honest union man." A , . . , , 4(j at_GoqSQ: Gieen and Dar- shadow over the weekend horse races to be a bit of-a' which faces irrevocable 100 events, ranging from an And with this pause for an Argentina has refused am in- - win. They will be-commemor- snaaow over the weekend,. donkey derby were .chastened . change. took place in Port Stanley vitalion to send represents- ated at a 15-minute service at VIPs arriving today in- when some mounts ^ere tin- 'AtF for the troops, most RAF fly-past to a “ backwards today of Mr Ken Summers” informal, affectionate record race. SO yards, foot. All of a life, the radio moved on lives to the ceremony .and is,, which the only senior civilian elude the Overseas-Develop- loaded at the harbour after a will be absent next week he said. Here to give a vale- to give more details of a said to have shown title m- expected to' be present is, ment-Minister, Mr Timothy 14-hour boat journey from guarding the islanders prizes presented by Dunlop dic-tory is Mr Neville Shoes.’' Bennett.” celebration which reflects the terest in the occasion, having Stanley’s Roman Cathblic Raison,'-and., valued people Port Howard on West .Falk- against predicted fofavs from The build-up has been so texture of similar lives au earlier failed to respond to priest, Mgr Daniel Spraggon. like Lord Shackleton, author land. Others are being driven the country which bred both great over the last few days Mr Bennett, chairman of over the islands. Even Amer requests to voice tfifeir wishes A British headquarters of two reports'-on Falklands in as a hear from Lafonia in the horses and the voune that priority announcements the Gejtfra! Employees ican visitors here, themselves about what form the ceme- spokesman said Mae Inter- economic development, and the soufJ^They are graceful dead in the Darwin grave- Union,^ike his tribute to from small towns, cannot re tery should take. national Red Crt^^had been Baroness Vickers, pilot of the beasts, as well groomed yard. F’EARS dealers ,“'™ •» ass; *•»> »» f«««L' ------l!^" ws5r ”i«"s““s “”'2?S s*'™s„'s»... „,„ §3* Officer senior Ar “ SfaaSvg ^%tsg£aa

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Service doctors including the Falklands: tri reason, Henley enlisted the help by Oliver Gillie, Medical Correspondent of the ship’s psychiatrist to following, SURGEONS working in field back in time even if they might hypnotise six \\ilsh Guards © Nearly three out of every lincnitals during the Falklands have been saved. .... ______------r . , l ho had 20 to 41) per cent horns 100 servicemen had the b nod w7had lime w8a,.r or linen and On. fac.or >n .he^doc.o^ — — — Scveral Ingenuity was following the attack on Sir group written on their "™ng Galahad. It worked verv well lor identity disc. Sometimes men two of them, and gave some had to be givn blood without a check being made but there were .o jus. wash .hem in an.isepuc. plastic ,b»f • for0‘XJbZd-hcap fromSriSFH serious infection. P»'ns " ‘ a ,sed bv a sev re wounds were being dressed, no fatal reactions. and had to sterilise their vvarmed in an old bakedêan IIuKhes, s?rBfnt caused b> a severe Qthsr innovations were care- 0 Troops had severe problems instruments only with chenn- tin before be j, cd- medical officer to the Second chcst?°X shoulder He used fullv planned. Experiments with constipation. They did not cals. They had no x-ray ever, -i n ed.«l ^Pgôn pmtnop Regiment< trained ner enCv^ênerator used showed that aircrew who had to have enough fresh vegetables in apparatus and could do few ^.l* fcF ,kl‘hed Royaf Society of soldiers to give one another tCsting radio equipment, to do 30 hours’ continuous fiymg their diet and they ate little cereal because there was no tests. . ■ i • m tftia that the infusions of life-saving fluid via h rftrrt,rt electric Horn Ascension Island to the At the temporary hospital in 1 e 1 * doctors saved the rectum to replace blood loss c lv the pain Falklands and back could be fresh milk to take with it. However, in anticipation of this a_ disused refrigerator plant in main reason doctors savea tcchni su ons used in current to relieve the pain ^ >(J tQ vvjth the drug Ajax Bay. where they performed so many Ilrh p^vious the days before the intravenous Specially deigned equ.pmem , cmczepam. Thcy could fiy problem. Brigadier A. J. Shaw, 211 of the 318 operations done lear c drip. Five soldiers given this has in the pa. • ‘ . . again within six hours of taking the supplies officer, had requi at the front, the air was thick c»nipaig - cleaned treatment after being injured in wideiy used in P» 20mg of the drug and could do sitioned all available British stocks of Anusol, a popular treatmentt for piles. r*rrss.“'w: -ar-sSj-s; zA'Uv&i $ -Thomas splints”, used for broken thigh bones, had to be si straws a n c—«- mt.less adapted to accommodate the regime, says that for a muscles of some soldiers, highlv-trained person, such as huge splints of American in the land battles died quickly infection, would be spotted. we8ck: “these men had drugs, which would have the average car driver, the drug Better from rapid loss of blood. In This technique - not gener^ ^nJuries; the extra fluid sedated him and made him more might do more harm than good. design were captured from the for a battle casualty from HMS Sheffield terrain where they could often ally used in civilian surgery . ,ed jn this wav must vulnerable to breathing prob- Argentinians. ______Other lessons learnt by the move ionly a quarter of a mile in has repeatedly been found to be hey ^ , lcms and infection. For the same an hour they could not be got the most effective way iu ______

Hardships 'f!M£5 I‘Hzlfol, of Falklapds troops WMigs:~- “»«=«.' S&flk: composite^ 'or scvmi ~ a ,Vss,ons t,lc Falklands, said some cases' severe enough to I historl^Sufe ComLn^C lhaI on Mount Kent conditions keep ^cm.awakc. 8 ° a F. St CY Golden described how homH^m Tr Aomped8a?f

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~~LAST POST FOR~~

~~THE DEAD FOES~~

~~NOW BURIED IN~~

THE FAUCIANDS PORT STANLEY : As hundreds of Falkland Islanders poured into the tiny capital of Port Stanley yesterday for the start of a week of celebra tions marking the 150th anniversary of British rule, the final act of their war was being completed on a bare hillside above the sheep station of Darwin. The,bodies of 221 Argentine soldiers—all that could be recovered —were buried with full British military honours. I from the Hampshire Regi- * ment and the Royal Engineers 1 A guard of honour of troops v' fired a volley of shots in a last i salute ,and buglers sounded I the last post. The only Falklander present ! was. Roman Catholic Monsig- j nor, Stanley . Daniel Spraggan, 1 who was the sco.urge of the • Argentine . commander^'; 'din-- 1 ins their occUpation'-of • the.; islands.. • He .conducted the.,1 cerppi.ony. and' said, the final Drawer's -including a. phrase in j Spanish dedicated to the 106 Argentines who had not been identified. I

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£300m .. a on-i? Falklands Free Church ■ la v.s £i;anj ,cr 1 ■ {t.r»c or:! •* for new1 seeks new minister k.b 'r? -.TO. airfield -l A' li :> : './i . . >> i; .( :■iviv-'f •ill By DEREK WOOD —nilcAf Charman bellftV^‘however Air Correspondent "HE Falkland Islands are thal the large, number of . to have a new Free By JOHN CAPON >' British troops oh' the island, HE Government is to TChurch minister later this Churches Correspondent services attract congregations T spend up to £300 million year. Interviews are taking some of whom' are billeted on building a new airfield for place in London next month to assess the church’s rent-free in the church hall, the Falkland Islands on a with three or four candi- *eeds could bring neW'lifc to the “ greengrass ” site, away dates to be shortlisted front , , . . covcrned bv jts church. from Port Stanley. the 11 applicants. own chUrch council on the Half the £30,000 needed to pay It will take between four Those who have applied for the islands, consisting of two men raUedW* the Free and five^Vears to complete and job come from scvcial dlf- and three women, and a home church n ?m& in Port will have a 9,000-10.000ft. ferent 1 roe Church denonu- council in Britain known as ^urch memDcrs^ i of Scot- runway,• parking arras build- uSds°Sd o« Si Mr° Cliarman's reuo °H land has pVomlf&Ts.OOO and mgs, radaf, instrument landing he Ieand wfs asrrrd to advertfse for a the rest will be raised in systems," 'and a protected fuel Irom Northern lielana. \\as dgiccd to amcrtise tpr a nrif ajn hv— -the-...... Penguin storage depot. The runway will The sum, ol £o0.000 is being minster !ltm the religious *™a.n Dy *** re g be finished first, • ' raised in Britain and P ' . rrl . >•.,,* ,. . Stanley to pay lor the sue- ;T] hpmo. council selected six Patrick Watts reports from RAhr t'S - cessful candidate and his Jrom thjfc.il applicants and , Port Stanley .4 bodies of accept RAI rnStar, lphg-iangc family to traw* to the islands*. cept .details to the church 221 Arge*tffies£ Whodltd jumbo jets thus. providing a aml spcndmtWtee.; years asrfi kunhU, .iP,Port Stanley, who during the FtflHffnfl* conflict direct Brithin-I'hlklands link minister ofJTl¥d“'Tabernacle/i* ifoil de’cide. .on the three or have been reburied in a mih- via Ascension Island. Civil ] *7,1 fSr rnt-I iS the Established in 1887 bv-thdiftprot ' the island is small. Special yesterday, attended by Major i ments will alioWjoi cuts hi the ts amisimu charies Spur I around 40 to the 200-seat General David Thorne, Mih- garnson.andjiiih.stanlial savin t St P Tabernacie Tnmrad— Tabernacle, but regular wor- tary Commissioner and A favoured site is near Fitz- « chequered history. A mu-1 shippers are less than half Commander of the British roy, about 25 miles squ^h-west fabricated building waS'sCp- that number. Forces, Falkland Islands, of S t a n 1 e y, whfre^^he ™ out from Britain in 18§0. m approaches are good *fdd.therc feut it |av em,pty and unused is a firm rock base. fop the drst 30 years of this The present runway at Port century. Stanley has been lengthened jn 1931 a churcji of Scotland from 4.000 to 6,000fK/and cov- Minister, the ' Rev Forrest ered with alumininum matting McWhan, commenced a from which Phantom fighter- ministry there which lasted Q bombers and Harrier jump-jets until his death in 1965. can operate. The only transport since thcnj ithreo men have which can land is the turboprop served as minister For cither Hercules. . two or; -four-year periods The lack of andaftiernative air- each, wifh.ig^ps. in between field was -demonstrated recently duing ..which, Jlte, Glanders when a Hercules,suffered a have’ condiiqt^ ‘the services nosewheel fail ure and the The last>iifcwR.ldft in 1980 Stanley runway was temporarily and by ' th^ltltrre Argentina blocked. invaded ‘^islands last Our Diplomatic Correspondent- year, little had been done writes: Falklandersr are still about 'appmtiting • a succes- hopeful.- that ..either, Prince soivrjilAs 'a.vresult of the , Michael of Kent,-,or Prince invasion, the> Rev Paul Andrew who served last year in Chairman, Minister of the * the South > Atlantic, conflict tabernacle-.. from 190^-71 11 might attend' the colony’s spent four weeks in Port IS 150th anniversary celebrations. Stanley in September last

-From Jolin Ezard ySwPort Stanley W AN unusually formal suit, . you step out of the porch of . a Stanley, boarding house to’V test the harbour front air. A ; fellow lodger, Steve, a Royal v >' petty officer trimming !' h..^jcard in the garden, calls 1 out, “All dressed up and j nowhere to go ? ” i • ■, i rmi'c promises 8 ’ t...... ) election, page o' I’m going to a funeral, you explain. Not very nice, he says. An Argentine funeral, Held to Darwin. Nearly all you tell him. Still not very the 19 civilians on board are nice, he says, poor buggers, press; For once here we are they all had mothers same as important people, even those us. You decide to ask whether of 'us who are not part of the Government and military by any chance he has a black m the Royal llampshires and the Royal Engineers after saluting Argentine soldiers cocktail circuit. We are the who were given an honourable tie you could borrow. reburial on the Ealklands “ No, but my boss might only independent outside have.” He shoots upstairs, re witnesses that the cncniy turns and says, - My boss dead are, in the words of the won’t be back till eight to Geneva Convention, being night If. you get this back to accorded “ honourable bur me before then and I don't ial ” with a service conform tell him I gave it you, he ing to their own religion won't know you’ve had it, if (which in this case is being you follow my meaning.'’ presumed.) These are among the most You tell your landlady why forlorn dead in the history of you won’t be in for dinner, j warfare since the collapse of She is surprised because the the Roman Empire. Argen occasion to which you are , tina has refused to take them travelling is not widely i back or attend the ceremony. known in Stanley. She says : J Even the Red Cross has de “ ""hat’s good, it has been clined “at this time” to send rytng a lot of us for a observers in response to des- long time, the thought of ; perate requests, though it j other people’s children lying has asked for a full report out tli«re on the hills.” and photographs. So the An<$ itf) — in a Navy lie j nearest thing to a senior which Jferslighlly too ’short observer present is IMon- hut sti ore respectful than ! signor Daniel Sproggan. the your SHc Carnabv Street 1 islands’ Roman Catholic relic go to the little priest. ceremony at which Lt Jorge He has watched 12 men Casco, P lies Roman Cabal- from two firms of civilian lero. Ge fmo' Macial, Ale- undertakers (Lodge Bros of jandro D ary and the poor, Ashford. Middlesex, and Paul squidgy d tains of 217 other Mills of The Wirral) collect ! Argentia soldiers — aban- the bodies from perfunctorily doned tsi eir homeland and shallow mass graves on all the I a Pi fc embarrassment battlefields: 77 from the hills j to.] □try where they above Stanley. 68 from Stan feJ It at last being ley itself (including one i e nmi p “ the care of found by a resident while he G ngels.” was digging potatoes in his „ Slion on Saturday garden), 46 from Goose afternoon you fly on a Green and Darwin, nine from Chinook transport helicopter Ajax Bay and smaller num 50 miles from Stanley rugby bers from nlaces with names like little Chartres and Shag Rookery Point. The rast were found and interred only two days ago. The undertakers found name or number tags for 106 — and that, in the circumstan ces of handling bodies in some cases nine months old, is" rated a small triumph. Monsignor Sproggan said, Turn to back page, col. 8 He opens the service hy saying it would have been completely unforeseen a year C am hilt that we arc render ing hprial in a true British 9-\. I 8 3 British and Cnitsthui spiriUHc cads tl.e p&Sixl. “ EntafiL, h<=sc Argentine soldiers, sailors, airmen and merchant Seamen ! rebury to the care of your holy ij - angels . . . Almighty God, vou Know the sorrow and o grief that fills the hearts of junta’,, the families of these dc- ceased men. In >'™r love and mercy, help to lica! the wounds and heartaches unsung they suffer. Ten riflemen from A com- Battalion The T> pany; First Royal Hampshires, salute dead graves and fire a volley while 80 Hampshires and Royal Engineers, who prepared the Continued fsjjnt page one cemetery, stand to attention “ 1 have the greatest admira with the Military Commis sioner, Major General David tion for the trouble they took. They had to, Jift out Thorne. the remains■ . from the mass A bugler blows an immacu graves on belts and skirmish late Last Post. around underneath in the We speak the 23rd Psalm, scraps to look for name tags. the Monsignor prays for-last How tliev didn't crack up Ill ing peace on the Ealklltnds never know.” and Wf is nil over in 15 Government House has minutes. Back at the boarding house sent no-one. It could have been called a hole in corner 1 returned .the tic to Steve. requiem if the setting had He was! auj.uscd and slightly not been so vast aiul the se - embarrassed. ".My boss came so briefly dignified, back early,? he said, Ho vice wanted it and he had to r<> graced as it unexpectedly of throe out without it. I said was by the presence anv trouble arose, 1 would islanders who lived through tiv to explain to bis boss the worst of the balt.c. thc: loan was all about. round Darwin and came priv- wlial nobs ci.* ; atcly to pay their respects. Thev came three miles by land io the cemetery which is in a natural half-amphi theatre between the slopes overlooking Darwin Bay and the sparse, grey-brown, sheep dung-speckled hills ranging 2 312 feet up to Mount Osborne, the highest point on the Falklands. It is a shallow L-shape, with four■ rows of white crosses-- fronted by a single cross 10-12 feet high and two clay and peat beds on which Diddle Dee — an island heather — is the, closest thing to a flower, A few r dving twigs of the plant lie on the otherwise blank indi n vidual graves. So great has been the rush since January to finish the reburial operation before the celebrations of 150 years of British sovereignty that the crosses loo arc blank* await ing brass name plates from the UK. Unidentified graves will hear the inscription, “ Here lies an unknown Argentine soldier. Known only to God.” The wind is liand-chapp- ingly savage but Mgr Sprog- gan is audible. He has an Irish clerical voice which a colleague says affectionately . “Could bring down a bumb lebee at 25 yards.” It fills the slope without microphones. .ag'Sgs.sa ss-g-S’sas

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Baroness Vickers’,,G'T date.c'? i) ' ; r; >• with a iov; ; 0! h'-ri\ n».' fo ?,b>. >-n ni :ij’o * ■ . i unULhil ; A T FIRST sight Bound for the Falklands nial Service out in Malaya. emphatic, 14 T am not a n difficult to imagine today. Baroness Vickers is feminist and certainly undatiriteci by the journey: Five years later, having the e:•>•> .V in 1955, elected to Parlia fuelling, : I ’m not so sure ment as Member for Ply With the re-organisation flown down Lo the Fal'k- -»?. about. ! of the constituency boun lands. ori? ii.ni <•. s?. mouth (Devonport), their daries in 1974 she lost her to 0f3 amo • Bg$ I OVt first Conservative member As she hurried-, 'SupjtoM- p vy for 32 years. seat but was hardly away ted by an ebony foan'I‘:ifiS I'm not so sure about. the role she played on the me—trim in a black tail-*’*';! Status of Women Commit That might be quite some Probably the cause she ored suit, pearl choker.' * th ing.,? : tee that she was made a and black fascinator over Dame. Long before the holds most dear and which her blue/grcy hair—the She plans to spend the days of Germaine Greer takes her from Belize to thought of her at Goose long flight jotting down she was championing Borneo, is maintaining the Green or on Tumbledown a few notes on her life women’s causes, reforming British Commonwealth. Mountain became well- because “ someone has the Maintenance Order “ We had a Pax Britannica, nigh impossible. Act and preventing pros why not a Pax Common suggested writing about wealth ? I believe it is the But when she began to it ” (she sounded genu titutes from being sum only real means we have speak about it in her quiet inely surprised). marily imprisoned. of trying to keep^ the and energetic way, her But not even on that “ But,” and she is most peace of the world.” infectious enthusiasm and flight will there be time vitality quickly dispelled mm P all doubts. enough to cover a life which has been as full as She is on her wav to p hers. Nor will her date of the Falklands today for a w ■ 5 birth be written down; week, to take part in the U she does not give her age. islands’ cele not out of bration of coyness but > 150 years of because she British sov thinks it ereignty at gives people the invita pre con tion of the ceived ideas. Civil Com She was missioner, Sir Bex Hunt. Falklands, her principal and many other well- quite indignant to hear I “ 1 have been invited,'’ she worry was how to sidestep wishers, to congratulate a already knew it—“ So, said, barely able to dis some of the official func couple on their golden you can see lor yourself, guise her excitement, tions on the programme wedding anniversary and I don't look it, do I? “ because I produced a without causing offence. give a progresss report to Her Nationality Bill which gave She had already asked to the relatives of islander extraordinarily British citizenship equally stay in a private house Cheryl Bonner, whose active career, which has to all Falkland Islanders,. .^raLlier than at Govern- mother was killed during kept her looking so regardless of individuals r ifacrtt Hou§et[ Jojjher, the the Falklands conflict, and young, began when Win ties with the United KiajpL41- pqjpt gfuripping is who is now in a home for ston Churchill, approving dom.” The simple state- to meVid time as the handicapped in this of her interest in politics’, but dead against women ment belied the immense','^n.Tflitirii ttifev. local country. in Parliament. amount of work which she' bofifiigb bo j , , pointed She is undappted b^the her towards the London reputed discomforfeV of through^jnts third read- deliver greetings from County Council (now the the flight out.'TUftcr'all, GLC). In 1945 she con- ingm.Mou^pf Lards, |VV0 formtor jBrfiov&rnors, it can't be mulch vvorse tested her first seat: Pop on.w'IosnoajM the Coirrmbmvealth Par- than flying all the’Hvgy'to lar. Not surprised to have As she set off for the liamentagyd '’Association India in a Dakota. It’s lost, she joined the Colo- Corrcsponfirm Health Service* „ pAVID FLETCHER much were expecting a 1 ' EFENCB chiefs casualties

i' <*donate^, urney s«__ was ssff.fiArgentme^ ,c sss/SgJU> ofs.carc outward 1 casua\ties. P£?y’received and «^tancous\ ” viceAdmWV ^ l“: Surg- istonishing were. wasomr oi Ae i-sussra- S55rt”“ I predicted.

~~^ hoSPvtal sb P nlense hefe • «•. Q Soul served aboard » s sa,d Surgeo^C^?t roc Canberra ■-.^cilotis bad that .v^e stran&^y-^Snes, casusfcy nPSc assuypvon ^ ^ thc c~~

~~ESSlpss Srtgs s? -j» rs» •«>»»•~~

~~>• D, T*9 i~~

~~i.. |f I^if IN FALKLANDS1' -fn & 335fei 01a Lb , * Js,^"J.ftg' F«'Kiand5 £~~

~~||aate BS^huledBASSf*^ Slifm arc to atty -untrue. W^attef! their assurance and apologise for the ni is taken attribution.~~

~~a r~~

~~■ Tn^ 3~~

British ‘check onT] Brazilian ship’ * ' . ( ; fm t / RiO: dc Janeiro (AP) - A British Sea Harrier fighter and a Royal, Navy frigate mtcr- copied a Brazilian Antarctic research, ship, the Professor W Besnard, -near the Falkland Islands on Monday and forced it to identify itself, the Globo TV network reported. The confrontation with the fighter occurred 33 miles cast of the Falklands. according to . the Besnard’s sister ship, Barao dc Teffe;' The. vessels were returning from Brazil s first scientific expedition to Antarc tica. /Si 2/,

~~BY BRIDGET BLOOM~~

V 372 pages *‘A £1°- TinkerEnHsFrlt’s letters £ hi?faw?i V1-d authorsi5;; bringm out clearly how: Falklandsasr stmjsb Islands Commits W?' whlch tafes its ^ sceptical,-»--v-sr-, *0™ ostly of i*the without Question t/ y ls successive Prime Ministers and which so effectively ShwtS r ^le tasteless banner head- admirals butk^0me. A Message from the moving Q ^ most their cabinets (Labour and MPs, is surely one of the un?w ^t-°f ^ Sun descjibinS the P°hhcians !?^ air that Maggie Falklands: the life and Hastings and Tphl-,- Tory) relegated care of the covered aspects of\h* ZhSl Slnkmg of the Bdgrano - F™m reacted one would languished iournaljknf^hTi dis' Falklands to the most junior of affair — though it is better SihS !,he media covering tlie Thatcher has Russians were gallant death of David sayjta^their foreword ministers, all of whom without treated by Hastings !5la5'. not’ in general, a imagine that Hie w| /iniKer, Lieutenant, RN hope thev have DrortiippH*! ’ they exception then advised compro- Jenkins than it is by thp Tn Pnh ed^'mg. spectacle, though already rocky islanu V fron! 'lis Otters and poems than instan more mise with the Argentines even sight team. Despite (or perhans' ^ ?rris rightly points Wwh Mr Nott had planned to Snip,Ied by Hugh Tinker necessarily less than iUi, lf that meant a less than per- because) of their three Editors of Defence?1*8- Minc1St2 leave completely undefended by history.” Thev have rinnfant fect deal (like leaseback) for and 23 listed reporters tITe In- well as iw 1Dfdf5UaC1 mil#? mid-Awil ” he writes to his ^tebac®°, ______0kS' £1'95- 2H PageS that i. and ft is no n^? the Falklanders-and all of fight book is altogether much press °SS °f ^ P°PUl parents on May 14. And he left The Falkfcnds War: achievement. They manage a 'v|;osefJdvice was ^ ignored less balanced or thoughtful and David Tinker's letters are a the heroics for others: he told Tile Full Story dl5a^ce from their subfecr the g01ng got rough jn a L?,?SpfCt accurate than The salutary antidote to what he his father later that the> war ^ The Sunday Time* Tnd whlch gives their analysisParliament stirred up by the Battle for the Falklayids. himself terms thl ‘‘War Mas” iust happens: we do shelling ot /™am,/hndr6 Deu^h. £8 95 f74 nar;ative b^h clarity and ^ highly effective Falk- The Winter War is a depres- approach of the popilar Press, shore positions and we UCK of W.fe s«igffss«c v/ FalWandfc^S0^8 tefsaw-jar ^ 5U“ ^PerKroph^c^lyTthough V by Robert Fox. Methuen. £9 95 »e not Just the cZ,aiEn less ha”o“ g ""Ln S MP,1^ Fox. c0?red the Falk- Argentine surrender. His he wrote ]Ust before the fight- 3o- pages (hardback), £1.05 335 but how it was, last April that aI1 Parties in the TTmi^ lands campaign for BBC Radio posthumous letters show how he ing started) he said. Once P^es (paperback) **' Britain found itself X Commons in Decemher fo«nf i?nd °uccasionaI1^ for ^ *T>. first viewed the diversion of his people in Britain see . . . they The Whiter TATo------u,-£h^rds of Farid Tinker) (In °ne of their few Lwifrc His is by far the most aulhorita- ship to the South Atlantic as have to pay for a war or naval T»erokI.„dirr: -i;s& s&s sruai ssss&s&issa jrarswasswa^

sswg** ■** “■ ss? r.r 5*“ ^sris unashamedly’ (thou elf quUe Gotcha!: The Media,the, accounttaofy4ritingapersq(>t"^ Government, and tiie ^ Falklands Crisis by Robert Harris. Faber and way)-n there* seems& to me liw e Faber, £2.95. 158 pages (paperback) Pomt m a book which do* not begin as near to the beginning

~~the the~~

~~PPll. Z%'X0n iS h"S S I |r aeVgentSnvJon^The6 ^ “ | ^SgUtoSUgS“Sa^P^»™ imeroPs?sriPm"F,OW71toT,0tB0^"'q~~

asre? waning enthusiasm among the^ bJam^r^fashmnable^ to put 1 Britons for reading about =2£,- ame for tlhis state of actual campaign. Lhe ,rf on {be Foreign Officp bSfnlethere0rbut 0fhas, b?certai0kS aboutnly been a ESS^onHastin the Fo“conimfS ^unity. a,so rLf1. but intense 10 weeks Jenkinc n r F0 for ralher I have ®ight months ago. editor of The^F as political 1 nave to admit personally to a J lbe Economist he 1 low-level of tolerance for‘the the PoH- more instant ” among them_ whn na FS1S vvhile Hastings Perhaps because I covered the take W3S mth the ,asl< force' campaign myself (though r S Care of the campadgn) should add at once from ,hP T M '^ 1he duly not of safety of my FT office,Tw 'm ' mob H bUt °f P^Midan? to more than the “I was there and ™ o,h ,e a. constituenev of wasn't tt exciting” touch -’CaX °Pln,°n for compro' - ; Of the books reviewer! here Rnt o ? stsind out. ^f./.v •< a close I 2/7t/ Strnv" ./r.-ua-/„.•>" /-rattle for 7;Y£&l,/3rtf Falkland* is without any .one 10 press) points the finger t1 I I

~~'Holding the Falklands~~

faxtu |;.™A^S not wish to me"* h" reminded that ought perhap t onai law would 5°^ m retort to another military torbid to retor f 150 years has attack on wha; he jurisdiction of i been uJ'dcr„___ rounter-attack on Bnta geographical source - of such the bellicose action- more

~~Falklands r*l&ht to demand SosUle action be confined to the region he chooses. Yours faithfully, F. A. HAYEK. - Mmeibur^Breisgau) West Germany. February 10.~~

~~I Argentina flights _.~~

suspended . .dunngresume -Falklands xonget,^ wili today. ^Oftffl^tsTo Paris. Each also resume itsJitB1 flights a a^^fcStion. Lufthansa resulted Rights to Argentina last month.', v • ■ ___ Falklands war ferry ■v }

deal agreed Vx David Fairhall, Dercncc Correspondent The Ministry of Defence has finally agreed to buy the B lish Rail Sealink fen.v at Edmund, which it requisitioned Xrom the Harwich-Hook of Hol land route las!. May- , for, . troop- ing work in the Falklands. This follows agreement be tween Sealink an’jf the seamen’s trade umons that the two British ships on the North Sea route, the St Edmund and placed CbyOI*one big vessel sss»..... £

~~gitta, chartered from the Stena Line. ... The Prinsessan Birgitta will~~

?ubnI'°;l1ongas1deet^ChStrteGed0rre and the two Dutch ferries on thea Harwich-Hook of Holland route, the Konigin Juliana ?nd Die Prinses Beatrix. Once .the hi«r ferry arrives the St wfll also he sold, but Sealink said vesterday that it was not yet clear how'the sailings will | be rearranged. 1 1 ^ c£_J— I Security increased for Thursday February 17 18S3 tk » ' \ Falkland celebrations :s.‘*77^33 22 By PATRICK WATTS in Port Stanley Ji^INAL touches to the alert, and the streets are many preparations for noticeably empty of troops dur the Falkland Islands, post ing the evening. _ news. poned celebration, starting On Sunday the salute at a on Sunday, of their 150th march-past of the three Ser- IN BR1SP anniversary as a Crown vices is to be taken by the Civil colony are accompanied Commissioner, Sir Rex Hunt, by increased security. on Victory Green. The military commanders are ,r The , RAF, has- committed« , a Harrier11' also making their preparations He','CU.eS' two Phantom fighters in case of any Argentine intru- anc t'vo ^ea Harriers to a sion into the total exclusion By-Past- zone. The Royal Navy is to be rep- intercept For some time now all ships r.esented by a captured Argen- anchored in the inner harbour tine P3^0! boat, while a rifle have extinguished their lights Phftoon from the Royal Hamp- at dusk, while the larger sup- shire Regt is to represent the at sea ply vessels, anchored during the Army. dav. in the outer harbour, lilt Music will be supplied by LoHnEdonDehea"Ceco“inist>Y in anchor and disappear for the the Royal Engineers’ staff band. ,, . r and the local Volunteer Force ports from Rin°nJ?rmed re' Land-based forces are on full will also turn out. • !hf‘ a B«zilian resL,ihneir° «1. the' Professor u h ves' earlier this week ua,erna.rd' copied off- the fJil-i' Inter* asT&svasRoval N vv r - .Iands by a onTUs wa°yC“0rtterAa,'d.'vas

~~when 'inirrepfed ■~~

~~right to be tlmre a-rtevery perfectly po 5 'U'v™ all spokesman claimed * i?,s.tjy V 11 | e i routine exchange If there yesieiua>. MPs PRaBe~~

FALKLAND ISLANDERS By Our Political Staff The nine members of the Commons Foreig nAffai^s Com mittee who visited the Falk- lands earlier this month yester day issued a statement; which stressed the wide consultation they had with the-islanders. The committee members appreciated the willingness of F^mm plane the islanders to talk “ frankly museum and openly ” about their future. jorns They said: “ We were greatly impressed by the interest shown the raid on the runway at Rorl in our proceedings and ascer o ?utLnTS ihG A^nte tained subsequently, that vir tually every member of the the Mile HaS bCGn fl0Wn tO adult population of the islands rncea%0S£?ce muscL»m at R A F whom we had met had listened an|rdexhSihM?,Ponh!re- 3 PC™- to the evidence given to us and had reconsidered -their views in the light of that evidence.” The committee hopes to report Hhe" by the end of May. museum’s Falklands display.

~~T>T-I» -rt-n-w ----ST?T?J{ 1~~

~~The Falklands experience By Maj.-Gen. Edward Fursdon The fi^gV)01- the Falklands- By Max Hastings and Simon Jenkins. (Michag(|oseph.~~

the plethora of books affairs was exacerbated bv her Sir Tnhn u* l- m- '• _ .t.0 come out of the lack of personal rapport with abteLee?m ,hls memor’ Falklands experience — and Lord Carrington and John 1962 LSaw « ?hl' Lleftjjreus of more are yet to come — Nott.” Her failure “ to send an hold which f orevi^fl th*!s' ‘l The Battle for the Falk- ultimatum to Argentina is on. man-at arms lands ” is by far the most ?L on week^ °f the ^ {ion ■ is/wayTt^nd*The comprehensive so far. eeKl Falklands was no exception It develops the various strands raS?'v?,ver» shc “ acutely sensed The real imperatives of opera- of the sea, air and subsequently iupJ2£J?J£f dfffe?- land war, weaving them into thp ^ ^ that he could «* factors, as seen by the coro- inevitably narrowing national and ^rvtve'^han^hp ?iSiir°>kS availaWp the informati°n and international patterns of holdsending? t.cI?v ld Wlth* S2?b]t0 hira at the time. British and Argentine political h scndin* the Task Force. T-he fog of war produces onlv behaviour Finally it bravely Militarily, the authors con- hindc/U!^ £rcy' AnaIysis by sets out the authors analytical demn “ the failure of Intelli- however well-inten- assessments of the whole Falk- gence that made it possible for Js?metirne*feay false lands experience, incorporating the Argentines to launch their 1” n[Shlighting particular cir- challenge, forthright comment invasion,” and say that ‘‘no cuFlsJances and decisions. > In- j lfrL_ CrftlC1Sn»u which at times detailed and realistic assess- wnfhn^i 3 S0, P*}™* aspects differs from the Franks Report, ment was made of How the - lI!)^c a!ways withheldfrom the But there is also praise for the British would actually defeat C1VI ,an interviewcr. remarkable Service efficiency, the Argentines in a this.book comes some outstanding weapon svs- South Atlantic war before'the as near t0 aD historical account terns, and the quality and cour- Task Force set sail.” They claim ?• the Falklands conflict as mav age of the Armed Services the attack on Goose Green ‘‘re- • Produced for a verv long which redeemed the shortcom- fleeted haste and underestima- tjme. It thus deserves^to be mgs of considerable muddle tion of the enemy by those who read those aroused bv and inadequate resources” and set it in motion, redeemed only of the seemingly impo£ earned through to victory” by the brilliant performance o? ?lbI,e- but in the event outstand^ M»y w111 ape and many will 2 Para.” The politicians and ,n?Iy successful Falklands cam- disagree with the authors con- Service chiefs “ deeplv alarmed paign- clus,ons- b3' the losses in San Carlos, de- “ The Struggle for the Falk- ™arlded urgent action from the Sands.” they say, “was essentially {and forces for political rather a small colonial war midway in tban mdltary reasons.” scale between a counter-insur gency operation and the Despite a high-powered pre- jour- ™ lanced SbSSilheT°l « Wp'eAu,idt Ti Sss a/oe . . story, so develop, they conclude “was Some are directlyK,ands ‘relevant to the result of a series of miscal- the current Falklands security culations by both sides." context, and since "the Argen- Of Mrs Thatcher, the book *mcs have not vet officially says she “ cannot escape her declared an end to hostilities, share of responsibility for the of disclosure of them would original debacle . . . her inex- be plain stupidity, perience in defence and foreign Second, there is what General 1 l i IMI

MTU FORTH! FALKLANDS I MAX HASTINGS 1j S1M@S^ JENICSKS i ‘Max Hastings and Simon Jenkins pull it I all together quite brilliantly. There can I be few who would deny Hastings 1 whatever awards are going forthe finest 1 war reporting for many years; and there I can be few better and more literate I analysts of Westminster and Whitehall I i than Mr Jenkins.’ SIMON WINCHESTER | ‘Excellent’ Guardian 1

‘Worth waiting for. Skilfully interwoven 1 with Jenkins’ sharp political passages \ •i are Max Hastings’ wonderful 1 despatches’ Sunday Times ‘An excellent account of the war’ Financial Times I £10.85 Illustrated Michael josephI 31 D.Tof.

I ALKLAJSED CHECK ON/BRAZII SHIPS By Our Staff Correspondent in Buenos Aires ' • Two Brazilian ships have been intercepted this week off the Falklands by British forces, according to reports reaching Buenos Aires yesterday. The oceanographic vessel Professor Vladimir Besnard, 703 ' tons, was said to have been stopped by a frigate but allowed to continue after identifying itself. The Barao de Tcffe was Vo- ported to have been “ buzzed ” by a Hercules aircraft off South Georgia. It had previously been intercepted by- an .‘ Argentine n gunboat. t

~~A \~~

~~ASCENSION~~

base to be extended argentine INQUIRY V Air rare G. S. COOPER By AAir Correspondent ON VANISHING LOAN RAF is to begm rp HE Ascension developing t major Island as a P^anenbetween staging FalUlands Britain and the uenos Aires in the SP'^S- facili- circumstances 1976 and j&SVSBrS foreign debt quadrupled between nded by the federal.judge WideawakeVand improvements 1Q81 has been exte to'tbe air&c'd. Uvity ?t in charge. i The pre-Falkkruas 4Q air. MO Martin AowWi'* £%££* TS M-O «*“■“* Wideawake was month. But craft movements^ war tta Argentine Oo^rnment > | ■,,, !•>..»“,*“ SSS3 at the peaU £ 400 aircraft into economy Soiements each day. UPel%p. « “ r” STA. - “ discrepancies in ' worth of lo»n> »««* ffiTSUnM «» ^SftbTabout ?.000 ofbeers from Western banks fol area.” and men. unities in the lowing the military coup Few foreign finanaal ana ysts The end of hoslllt resulted South Atlantic has “ >n activ,ty in a large reduc m remams 5-* r;Sr11'6" and Ascension Isla“} nai sup- an- i:mp n°f an4l0P0 miles f»» port the prr.“r,*£r&tfg5. BritainU and ’ 3,900 from Falklands. »“?«■“ jusss. ”’1 Now a contract worthjearly million (£6,497 million) to zeah La ■ an officially estimated total . Y closed’ recently for | Of $39,000 million (£25,341 tempcising the military, ottered

showsfthcituraT features to pro- use of natur i;vinrf environ* accounted tor a f vide a pleasant h 8 h of the the increase, but accusations of , SeldtnYother military instal- high-level corruption have been lations. widespread. Anzoategui s original Volcanic bills Judge brief was to investigate clisper- „ , flat plain, sur- sal of loans up to March, 1981, but he has now extentêxtended the investigation t0 inû^ end’ ‘ the present3scene of cacti, with- . whole of last of last year Argentina’s foreign ered scrub and rocks. vas> reliably reported to The air-conditioned quar ^ debt was 1 have reached $43*00 million will vary accP1 ,orey units (£27.940 million), and it is stilt for^the* residents there wiH„he climbing. . f f°r fortable rooms for some 250- Although responsibility tor com transients. Mess blocks there will be • a centre with ' ^mm^tooh -h and irSsrsf”- seriously investigated., ■ Thifhafrelatêly pranking ^^^SSr'SSS. So'4ncialswefelabSn|madciscape- -SUtotlgpltând goats for the econcxmc; crisis. " ^rAAenslon js “nsidmed Preventive arrest eSrâcV.T conventional Senor Jose Martinez de Hoz, former Economy Minister, has leisure facilities. bled been the principal target of a Buildings beu asse Bdt. Press-led defamation campaign, from components Heavy and on Tuesday, four of his for 1 ain and ■sh.lJp,??iande’d on the mer aides were added to tne “ casualty list ” following an ; ûiretcause the small har- beacbes because ^ q{ inquiry into the collapse ot a group of companies based m bour at Geo 0 buge\swell. the western Argentine town oi ^^roustuhie^nn- Mendoza. Senor Walter Klein, a former ri«inge r ecological balance Secretary for' Economic Plan ning and three of his colleagues were placed under preventive November. arrest for alleged illegal inter vention in the liquidation of a bank that was part of the Men doza group. 1 Senor Klein has replied that I his actions “responded to I decisions taken by the national I Government,” but in a remark- I able ruling Judge .Nicasio Dibur I effectively absolved the junta of I responsibility in lh<.; i

Argentine junta sets political guidelines Buenos Aires (Reuter)^ "^îS'^vlfrnS's'freedom & °'gS promised to consult * * • aâr: assy. \ Country’s return to democ a y democratic rule. But the rvjNand deal with its .. :unta would order the President H^risis, military sources ■ said ûnta wo ^ n b 1 ‘ yesterday. 'issued October 30 and November 6 I 1 J brief comindid^^^ ^ lhc armed forces woul^ * ^ after the commanders.^^^.®^..wer lo a civilian 1

~~M H USsi; riS'S^g'SS: “'Tt‘rSS“'S>..=~~

ojesrv*manoeuvre in talks wnh the ts.s'S's.iSSW«.hbe Jthe ^ w reconc.le political part.es. efforts to reflate the doPress=d ThC mat'hnatPthey "would make economy with demands for noTgmcment with the^nmjustenty^------

~~I \~~

~~UK arms j parts are *1 going to~~

Argentina I .ord Bclslead: He is being perhaps a little less than fair. During the whole of the 1970s. Governments of all house of lords political complexions m this country were anxious to do business Lortl BCs.ead^ims.^afSuwfar as usual with Argentina, particularly Foreign in view of the tensions that there Affairs. acknowledged at question were between this country and time in the Lords that British Argentina. Governments of all companies were supplying compos political complexions felt that if nents for Exocet-carrying Argentine business was not carried on as usual, warships. it would be an unnatural and Long-standing contracts with the unwelcome barrier between the two Federal Republic of Germany.-.who countries. wass building the ships and was an Governments of all political mi portant trading partner, had to be complexions were misled by kept, he said. , . Argentina. These were long-stand The Government had expressed ing contracts. We have expressed deep concern to Germany on the our deep concern to the Federal issue. and. on the subject of the /Republic of Germany about this Exocets. to France. '/and. on the subject of Exoects. to the I Lord Hatch of Lusby (Lab) had .Government of France as well. that Rolls- 'Lord Harmar-Nicholls (C): Things RoyceOlympus'.urbmes were being t arc not as normal. Argentina still t claims it is at war with this country. It is not prepared to admit that the navy and that the Government had war is over. lifted its ban on these turbines last Lord Belstead: He is being a little September. less than fair. The finance which is Was it the ease that Hawker-Sid- being arranged for Argentina at the dclcv engine room controls and moment is an international matter, David Brown gear components were in which it is true Britain is playing being supplied to the same ships, a part. and if it was true that each frigate 1 would carry eight MM40 sea-based Lord Bruce of Donnington (Lab): J The Government has now placed Exoccts. components °[which were itself in a position where it can be being supplied by British AcrosP^- Bclstcad: Broadly speaking, it blackmailed, as every debtor in Lord >- similar circumstances and always the answer is yes. but the blackmail its creditor. Docs it not background to it is that during the o w boil down to the fact that the Falklands conflict contracts for Government, in economic terms, equipment were embargoed How has a policy of appeasement to ever. before that, before April I9?L. y much of the equipment for the ships 0 Argentina? was already delivered and the fact or i Lord Belstead: In this House it has the matter is that the Government been expressed that what is accepts now that very long-standing f necessary is a long-term accomoda contracts with the Federal Republic tion with Argentina. What Britain of Germany, who are building these : has done with its Community ships and are an important trading partners is to lake a first step to partner, really have to be kept. relinquishing financial barriers Cledwyn of Penrhos, for the which divide Argentina from I .ord Europe. Opposition: It is becoming incrca- singly difficult to rcconcilc the Government's clearly declared policy towards the Argentine regime and these developments the agreement to the sale of Rolls-Royce

SU U^really0i^n danger of developing into something of a farce. Can he tell the House what precise representations, have been made to the West German Government about these destroyers and what other representations have been 1 made to other countries about the sale of armaments to Argentina? The fact that we have released these engines for the destroyers makes it increasingly difficult for us to make representations to our allies when they sell armaments to Argentina. m \

~~Pinochet unmoved~~

~~by 4 downfall ’ tali~~

■ —"------By TONY ALLEN-MILLS in Santiago FARMLANDS ^ A S Chile grapples with its worst financial crisis of the past decade, President CELEBRATIONS Pinochet appears quite unmqved^by a A SELL-OUT recent torrent of speculation th^t.ys,4ays By Our Correspondent in office are num- (£n t>mion> per in Port Stanley , , capita, in the .wprM.; Domestic Ten days before the 'Talk- bered. banks Have begun ta .go under. - lands- 150th 'anniversary ;■ cele During the past month, The collapse of two <>ver- e brations officially begin,', the social events have proved to the 67-year-old president gnceôuse dasîiftonth' sparked ° be a sell-out. Queues' formed when tickets for'the Colony Ball has been the target of a \ and the; 150th. Anniversary wave of rumours. . • . \ Dance became,1 available.1 On one occasion there was Social tension,: Other entferVainments such as talk in political and diplo- More than 150,000 people arc the civil-military concert and matic circles that he had ôrted^taâs^*» combined services entertain ments show" havfc also proved been assassinated. and the President’s public image to be popular, with all 1,200 Another time, he was said been badly dented. Even his tickets snapped up. to be under house arrest at t j al supporters—business- There are reduced fares for his Pacific . Coast residence men and farmers — have'.been those wishing r to~ tfavel to near Vina del Mar. And the laining about the Govern- Stanley by air from West Falk- ™CsSirecently ?eB0ertld to ha?e ment's handling of the crisis. lands for the celebrations. A to diplomatic flight in the Beaver sca-planc rForUêrsby so^^wing social tension will cost £20 instead of £50. these tales turned >out to be causcd by the economic crisis true, but speculation about the has led to an increase in repres- President’s future continueS sjon as the dictatorship attempts to stamp out dissent. Foreign debt Reports__ continue of dis- Political observers in Santiago content among thc armed sav capitalism is at the root of forces, but Pinochet-Still appears the Chilean crisis. Chile’s mone- t0 be \n control. The unions tarist economic policies have bavc been quiet; the political led to financial disaster opposition is weak and he has A free market boom of lJoU no 0obviousdvh rival,,among the proved short-lived and recession generais. bit deep last year. Chile sGNP President Pinochet is about declined by 14 per cent more —____££ on a major two-week than 800 compames went bank^ £ c mof Dfa southern ^Chile, a visit rupt. and unemployment soared tou^ provide a timely °c r,>n boost td his prestige. But Chile ’.s 'L^h^hp^€aThe^Government has rumour factoryiacuory is ancaujalready plot-m-1 sharpened. The uovernmeni na complicated scenarios for foreign° debt-S $T billion his downfall while he is away V

~~■^FEBRUARY 1983 THC SUNDAY TIMES;~~

~~It’s an ill wind (j ramping to Falklands : \* 'i rtyne v: . by.Boy East■ A®R» Bg.? ? SHkgttSSlX'~~

obscure part . , happy 10 SSSfcGiEAscension ?n^iheiveKUiar run8 Atlantic. He w J rUn- • Tc> coptin e joint have no opposition ;o***.fo from * charter the from Britain to company.has had. to cn*. j Island and St Helena^ . — g oOO-tob . Se^la^d other ' But that "aLi Nonv he admits tl\at he spo ^umow

| l'run the Fortress Falk tods 'sSssjSSsshipping company. He do I 1' Bcu-s Curnow Sh.pphjg^^ inlcnd t0 move& *«£com. jonc-vlnrd owner ,u" rcniaining these days ptW^gt* as well ShtvtldVby tteEOvernntent U— «*h™gh ntry one through the adtomstranons^ ^ as be in Itodon^ 1 Ascension and St toto .d_ . This weekendl hehas P ■1 srs^&Aa ZxVBZiJtt S**£route fromAvo^ „ t0 p.ck up the * j

~~Fortress Ff\>*’a|?*e'^ihe Si which he lsj'50,!” him bn to lf^naeisnow wortoEato out ^Town wher^the^rnor J between Asce ^ Bosum will then emb rk only WfeSg* «K » K"‘~~

~~ft ?"’reaJ pared-Wittecfti| and This « a trfc * Makers? / °bvious. ‘‘&»ces are f, military set % I r°ute vvac r?wC?/ my bus IaIl~~

~~: s”r.l»SfT “ : D. Mallei'•'~~

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~~Airbus [Argentine leader~~

deal in faces fresh crisis danger BY JIMMY BURNS IN BUENOS AIRES .u-. ARGENTINA’S moderate presi- inflation drive has put in doubt e by Andrew Whitley in dentf Gen Reynaldo Bignone, the future of Sr Jorge Wehbe t Rio de Janeiro faces his most serious the Economy Mmistei._ <3en crisis since assuming power last LlamiT. Reston, the Minister .of ku ATTEMPTS BY the Brazilian June There have been con- the Intenor and lesponstoie :e, state airline, Vasp, to compel turning reports over the week-; for contacts with . ihe re the West European banks encl of deep unrest within the politicians, is also threatened. ^ _ financing Airbus Industrie sales armed forces, an imminent ' It has been suggested ;tita id to provide additional foreign ™nment shuffle and a Gen Bignone might himself >n currency loans to the Brazilian biUer dash between the junta--v?^tgn rather than cede n Government are endangering anfi nnliiicians •■■•.* military piessure. . _ its $590m 'deal for nine A-310 and polU,c,an5; Details of a strong attack on s wide-bodied aircraft. The junta of army, navy and the mimary leadership by a s The British French and West air force ch,efs ls unders,ood group of senior retired officers r »"ISf fnvolved have t0 ,lave drawn up a pat*aSe of; were leaked at the week-end. t eireeX anrned in nrov de lOO tough economic and- political A statement, reported tp have ner cem^financing foMhVsalV guidelines which it .wants Gen been handed to the junta on which won idhebreakthrough Bignonc lo follow. January 29. accuses the presi- ro Ai husdlndusl de in Latin The guidelines will he put to dency of “ having lost control America Foreign government the President at a’crucial meet- ot tiJe situation” to "Marxist- p\non credits" represent 85 per ing scheduled for today, follow- Peronist forces ’ bent on under- cenrif the flnancing with the ing high-level ^alks between the mining the armed forces' balance from commercial loans, individual set vice chiefs and piestige. __ ,. v-acn their senior officers. Tf caiied on the junta to ioldUttheabankshthe order^vas They are bclieved 10 incllJde "modify substantially the poli- 1 nnJi nn n additional strict instructions on the tlcal leadership” or face a T?iHnmnrkPt loan' of S280m to handling of the erection time- .< tragedy of unfathomable con- ?nufl®““ke J'Tedeial govern- fable as well as a demand for sequfnceys / The statement’s sig- i ment agency responsible for re- measures to (leal with the rising Stories include Gen Frederico a pmiinnhie * Brazil’s airport inflation rate and the threat of Montero, a notorious i.coup- navigation fystems. French major strike acUon by the purged by/— e companies have won the lion’s unions. Juan Carlos Ongama m 1969 ir slnrc of orders placed by Consumer prices rose by 16 jt was published on the front a Infraero. per cent in January, five per- page 0f the pro-army newspaper lS, The demand, coming on top centage points above the La Razon. or of the requirement to partici- Government target. The junta’s increasingly he pate in Brazil’s pending $4.4bn Gen Bignone is in dange of tough approach was demon- jumbo loan and to roll-over 1 having his conciliatory attitude straled over the week-end by nd 1983 maturities, has split the towards the politicians under- the closure of some Buenos -an Airbus banks, pitting Midland‘ mined by the junta’s insistence Aires theatres and by threats in against the French consortium that the election date should be of judicial proceedings against led bv Banque Nationale de fixed for early November, with- some outspoken party Ivaders. es: Paris (BNP) with the Germans, out further consultation with It appears to be an attempt to itic led by Dresdner, watching, from the parties. The junta is also pacify restless elements in the ■rn- the sidelines. reported to be considering a forces by coming to grips with ing Midland considers the ques new Press law to clamp down the transition towards civilian ons tion of any further financing on anti-military reports. rule. . , inappropriate and unrealistic. The President, who has There is a broadly held view ade At its request, the formal finan attempted to maintain some in the forces that power should \7e cing offer made to the airline distance from the junta, is only be handed over from a last week contains no reference said to favour taking into position of strength m order to to the Infraero loan. account the opinions of ensure against future recrimi- Airbus Industrie and the politicians, who have asked for nation on issues such as corrup- French banks feel more a much earlier poll. tion and human rights viola- strongly about the need to The junta’s private criticism tior* Continued on Back Page of the Government’s anti- Continued from Page 1

. Argentina ‘ ; The crisis also reflects the ■ .continuing effects of the Falk- « ilands defeat and its impact on military unity. The junta faces growing impatience among . -.middle and junior rank-officers \ jat the Government’s reluctance ltd conclude the investigation into the conduct of the war and to answer allegations of corruption. . i

~~| “~“We have no doubt that the Royal Wedding. ‘Aunt Sally’ jibe~~

~~upsets chairman of~~

Falkland firm By AftTHO.yY LOOCH rj'HE chairman of the British group which now owns the Falkland Islands Company complained to MPs yesterday that the company was being made- an Aunt Sally for the economic Falklands Company farms have been at least as well run ana problems of the maintained by investment as islands. any other farms in the islands. I am only sorry we cannot taKe And he said the group credit, for what the Falkland Islands Company jdid before we had taken no money out of became involved.” the islands since_ taking Later, during questioning by over company five years otjlcr MPs, Mr Needham apolo gised if he seemed “unduly ago. defensive.” Mr Ted Needham, chair-. He said: “Everyone needs an m a n of the Coalite Croup, ûn' sallv. There are not many and the Falkland company. jn thc islands. One is the Falk- was giving evidence to the jantj islands Government ana Foreign Affairs Select Coni-! the other is thc company. mittee, which recently re* . “it may be that the company turned from the islands. -gets more than its fair share of being Aunt Sally. ‘ Negligible ’ profits He said the Falkland Islands Company, a wholly-owned sub- BLUFF COVE si diary of the Qoahtc Group Reasons for tragedy had made only negligible Our Naval Correspondent profits since the takeover.. r write*- The Defence Ministry “Total after-tax profits from.. . • _ressC(j to release full our- Falklands activities have - ^ inquiry into the amounted to CG00.U00 over the deta. Isof inâcyu on ,he past hve years. During that ' Auxiliary landing period we paid £900.000 in tax ' sir Galahad ' and Sir to the islands. Tristram at Bluff Cove, with “ The profit that we made has Jnst am of 50 lives iast June, been put back into Falklands ine business. We have not been Mr Dafvdd Thomas. Plaid draining money out of the Cymru M P for Merioneth, is Falkland islands.” demanding further details fol- At the start of the hearing, iowing a letter he has received Sir Anthony Kershaw. £onserva- fr0m Mr Peter Blaker. Armed tive M P for Stroud, and thc Forces Minister, giving some of committee’s chairman told Mr the reasons for thc tragedy. Needham: “We have heard in the Falkland Islands when we In his letter, Mr Blaker said were there, and have read in that faulty intelligence: over I the Press that because the loading of thc communications / Falkland Islands Company is to network: the lack of helicopters i some extent an absentee owner, and other commitments for the criticism has been levelled Sea Harrier fighters providing against it, in particular in the air cover had contributed to the report by Lord Shackleton. Is disaster, that a fair criticism ?” * Because of the depth of Mr Needham replied that water it had not been possible. prior to last year, few people to provide anti-aircraft suppo knew where the islands were, with a warship for the landing and the islanders needed what ships and the Rapier missile support they could get from any batteries with the troops were quarter. “ We took our res- cither masked by land or naa ponsibilities very seriously, in .developed temporary faults. that connection.” ______He said: “Absentee farmers , 1 is an emotional expression used I T N gives £o0,UU0 MSt °L «Sd0£ Sôuth 1 is a short-sighted criticism, presented £o0,000 lo the So,,,h i since the UK itself is still A lantic Fund and he Falkland heavily dependent bn invest- Islands Appeal last night. t l ment from overseas. "'as th.e P.r°fit s! ind^‘h are V SK" “ A fetal , The Falklands have a similar yP need. 2 “We have no doubt that thc Royal Wedding. now." l £ 12-1 &3 lime1'-’ a. u»- J 1 he Bill was reaa a secimu nuic. j $3 ; v 7 l-ALkLAM>S

~~FalkJ erSin l i 10 BILL PARSED special position The British Nationality (Falkland Islands)'bill. a private members Bill, was read the ihrid time and passed By #Our ParliaraewiiryPEfe SI~~

in the Lords. Peers gave a third reading Lord Elton, Undcr-Sccrctary of to the British Nationality (Falk State, Home Office, said that the land Islands) Bill in the Lords Falkland Islanders has exceptional yesterday. circumstances and a special pos \ Falklands ition. He was sure the people of Lord ELTON, Home Office other dependencies would under Under-Secretary, gave the Gov stand that this wholly exceptional ernment’s support for the -Pri change to the citizenship of, the company vate Member’s measure Spon Falkland Islanders could not be seen sored by Baroness - VICKERS as a precedent for further amend i (C.), but he added -aJWarmng ment which could only be to the i that no promises could be-given detriment of British dependent record d about the allocation df,@>yern- territories citizenship introduced t ment time for the Billthe under the 1981 Nationality Act. defended • Commons. V'Y The Bill would give British By Stephanie Gray citizenship equally to all Falk MR TED NEEDHAM, chairman land Islanders, regardless of of the Falkland Islands .Com^ individual ties with the United Kingdom. Lord Elton said it . pany. yesterday denied■ *at t.hc could be no precedent for other I .company had drained funds people who were citizens of the Buenos Aires from the island. He maintained British Dependent Territories. ‘that without the company s denies reshuffle 'interest the islands would„ still . By Jimmy Burns in Buenos Aires K'vssrsii . SR JORGE WEHBE. the i Argentine Economy TM i nisi have just returned from lh.. b wa* yesterday at ihe centre of a I island. Mr Needham- • — - . said:f • fre*h spate of reports suggesting “ Negligible after-tax profits ot r, that he had been singled out as £600 000 over five years had si of an imminent Cabinet been reinvested in farms, ware- c< f part By ERIC SHORTER v ~ reshuffle. houses, stock and machinery. w I The suggestions were He denied allegations by the ir THEY HAD to wait 10 years ^ O promptly denied yesterday by a MPs that profils had been 0 for “ Journev's End." The con }*- ministry official in Buenos remitted to the UK for invest clusion was that it took a decade Aires, who warned of the in- i ment in other markets. for a war to become, remote calculable damage such a move i The company, a subsidiap of enough to be the subject of might have on Argentina s the Coalite group of which Mr dramatic fiction. That is why image abroad. Needham is also chairman r we are still waiting for the play Sr Wehbe is currently in tne for serious criticism about Northern Ireland’s ^ u.S. in talks intended to re-, inUheShacklcfon report; for i.s troubles. assure Argentina’s creditors of j Meanwhile Tony Marchant (t is tois voting absentee landlord. It achievement to have created N his country’s stability. He is role as an brings us—alrcadj7—the. Falk owns.....43 per cent of the land. lands war; or rather some re from their demotic, murmured H being accompanied by Sr Julio Mr Needham said his corn- dialogue a range of emotion and o Gonzalez de Solar, governor of flections on it from the points pany had ben the main slay of view of half a dozen British attitude towards both soldier- ■ the Central Bank, a key figure j since. , 1851. ing and the body they are in- ■ in the current negotiations to ; of the economy soldiers. And though it would from sheep farming terring which rings true at every H reschedule part of Argentina’s , Apart --- , be pitching his art too high to interests, it was the only com r. compare it directly with “ Jour- moment. And under John H S39bn (£25.4m) foreign debt. 1 s pany to provide resource* for his cyoeation of last Chapman’s direction the Paines ■ The economy ministry was t ney’s End," shipping, banking, travel, in year's conflict aporough the Plough Company suggests pre- H one of a number of government i surance. and general trading. hearts and mindspf'thcse ordin- cisely what it must have been H departments which moved The description, of the . com ary regulars who'-fiave come to like to come back to Britain I swiftly yesterday to defuse from the Falklands with the ■ pany as an absentee farmer was ,/} bury one of theliminates in Eng reports of divisions within the i land is likely to Strike the non- body of a fallen comrade. jfl armed forces, against the back- | a highly emotional idea that One of them wants .to set H diverted attention from the \ combatant as Lhejrbest thing of < ground of a meeting between its kind for a vefjOong time. light to the Union Jack. I . President Bignone and the need to attract immigrants to It is, in a way,.(the first thing, Another breaks down. The cor- junta. the islands. The role of the since “ Welcome 'Home ’’ comes . poral tries to bully them both H company was no different to so soon after the South Atlantic « out of their grief. The search H that of other enterprises which conflict. What makes it so ] for a ritual to match the occa- fl took decisions in London that ■ remarkable however, is that it sion—polishing bools, boozing V affected property thousands of d doesn’t lean on;anything ten at the pub—ends in violence; V miles away. , ^ dentious. and the author shrewdly leaves ■ On Lord Shackleton s recom- ^ Instead it talfe.s us on a us with no moral or message. 1 mendations for agricultural G 'journey with a'.(corporal and Mark YVingett, Tan Mercer, fi reform. Mr Needham seriously g, his' men to the tfuneral of a Tony London. Gary Olsen and q comrade whom they variously Robert Pugh leave us all in their 4 doubted that the division.of big B ranches into smaller ; farms knew; and as they bicker and > |l debt—and their author too. 'J ruminate and prepare for their would solve any problems. . task, teasing cajoling, snarl , Enough applications cpuld ing,', dreaming and trying to not be found for the 12 large come to terms with what this farms offered to individuals death was all about, each over the last two years. One character in this beautifully cast holding, which had been split touring production—which I saw experiment, had not at Hem el Hempstead but which up as an 1 brought about any sustained visit's^Lancaster and York this increase in wool yield... •’ 1 week—Hornes to distinctive and If the world market for wool sympathetic life. . - continued -to deteriorate, the The banter remains consist sub-divided land would end up ently at barrack room level. being amalgamated io that the These are the lower orders. islanders would he back where Their* language is primitive. • they started. Nevertheless. Mr They do not discuss. They Needham said the company was merely assert, or swear." And prepared to sell more land as they make no attempt to work out why. the war was fought. and when the need arose. ■ ** ) Mr ' Q ^ \> v l \ IA^VS-C^ v. r* 5 P !i«.2. I Avenue, after a hip and a rib were found. rose m?^-$ - n

3*. Falklands land policy ISsnaWss A"~y%A% I ^gbSa-f Ull^n 5, o o Cm _•< Cj "may lead to exodus’ S'-'-fS- 3 3 S' 3" '- 5S.&?8. By John Witherow i:I41?i a? »2. want the land 5= ^zr i .assSfcAS ,££3=-kj& rtWifiRIKliL=?! y skmxksb grggv- - l0 tonight’s Panorama. . direct stake inu.^ , Civil The 5-Si!li;5s?»!!fP K ffe»;i Riisii; r =#?¥#§rejection ol a clause m rISSSSfuiandcrs to buy land ithe Legislative Council -had Utc flirt 1112 «W3-~§-Q °*9*‘ *9S ®>*■■* make compulsory- of land to the islanders. The ijower to I mmn !’, \ Government instead favours Pu?^*-move-, however, may ffiiKi 2flll.|3§: :t!i!ti ^ ^TnsrHni" mI m o 03 market and this, sa> /nu nl the war the garrison 3'=-“ 5 r,0 3-1 nsi!p i cd ar «p s-seT ^S| «§'iSJ cl sarrasiiss^v^-hrtts : “m 3 CL 1r &?rai-=-rsii"r:”ig^ of cs “as ■ns/sa^smanager of the which own head. , Islands Company - Compulsory purchase would IiP^l;flrt=H|Kll H- hearly half thedand, might be considerably to the figure to cspcctcd to favour Government add sHlllul o ie would doubtless lace S.=r2*.°er — 3 3* °oo °&o .2 policy, told Panorama: ' Wc and from the Chancellor >g« Lee’ to get away from the opposmon ^ id colonial stigma. 5gi=l° ^s:fc:•-ii ^=g„§§?|- orv — • — ^r-.-cr ^ ’r 0< 3&»s?:.iifv c w o -S3 93 5r^2 9.y'5 ^ O-cJ^D \u . a

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~~3 a 3 5 sitrsi! r*s Hit Falklandsmjy^ts~~

...5 . .1: volunteer his jot) 4 iU':. he is raising the issue ^th V MERCHANT NAVY the Ministry of Defend*; ^ officer who volunteered He was working as Chief Min to join the Task Force Officer on the 5,000 toivWSrry in the Falkland* last Tor Caledonia when hfSBn- year has lost his job ties brokc out in the South because he was partially Atlantic. . as._ deafened in the fighting. Marconi has told senior Radio Tor Caledonia, retftffmg Officer Peter Ryan, 40, that over three months lat^fogyitn he' will not recover suffic pneumonia and his ejjf ■ iently to carry out the job ‘ It was ray dti™' he.has done for 21 years. b 'loq Mr Ryan, a father of three, of „ Despite what hapfrow^P.'^ 1 New Brighton Road, Sychdyn, think it was my duty^O^ to North-Wales, is now ponder the Falkland*.” .. ing his,future, but admits “ 1 A spokesman for Marcqm said don’t,,know any other job. it was a very sad case. The It's the first time I have company would continue, to been unemployed and it c:comes keep in touch with Mr Ryan as a and help' and advise him.,on M'M *blow after 50 any problems he' may.. Mhve. He has.received;redundancy and (( There is a resettlement pension payments' from Mar wc coni. Because of ihe Official programme available, a ^ Secrets Act he cannot com will give him every assist- ment about the circumstances ancc possible.” the. spokes- in which he was injured, but man added.

~~Raymond Fox of the5 ^4 5 Co^nrjap'?0'’ Capt.~~

the attack on the Military Two Sisters ridge. - Antarctic tensions serious international discord, even commons” lobby, which has been dimng the Falklands war, when both attempting to undermine the Ant- From Dr Peter J. Beck Bntain^ and Argentina. were reP- arctic club, would interpret any UN t Sir, Lord Kennel (feature, February [Rented in Antarctic meetings at involvement in the nearby Falk- b) reminded us that onesolutibn for Hobar* aad Wellington. Antarctica lands and Dependencies as a useful i the Falklands and Dependencies can Qmy be insulated from conflict if precedent for Antarctic dcvelop- might be to place them within the iu„, lssues as the ments. Antarctic Treaty framework and £alKlands/Maivinas problem are Hence, Lord Kennet’s proposals ) thus to bring the Anglo-Argentine kcPl sJParate, especial y as the on- possess a superficial appeal, while sovereignty dispute under the aegis ^ntarctlc mineral regime talks displaying a basic ignorance of the I of article 4, which effectively freezes was a recent session at Antarctic perspective. The Antarctic such problems. Wellington in Januai^) may bring question is far too important to be On paper this may seem to the ?ouIdcd fit into the needs of the t constitute both a plausible solution Questions'* Th? lii, Falklands, or to be exploited to get ; and an attractive alternative to Antarc‘'= Treaty the British Government out’of the l Fortress Falklands, but in reality the overcome and ThouW^nm S h nUl'de'^a^:'n‘°,fvhlch il has got itself senous tensions and emotions •*(, Sh°U 1 001 bc lhrou8h lhc Falklands war. t aroused by the 1982 war wTnot Se Ss ^ °ther tCnS10n Yours faithfully, ‘ 5 i i factor to theAntoctic systembl'iSinS ■'» the British ^ Hhhetlo, the. treaty area has the “nhe1‘"dSittan' o?\hl SuST UP0nT“> i. remained relatively free from Antarctic Treaty. The “global February 8.

~~! ff jrvfvj 1 Y~l W~~

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signs Law of Sea Convention By David Tonge JAPAN announced yesterday that it had signed the Law of the Sea Convention on Monday. It was the 119th country to sign the treaty, t governing use of the world’s 2 oceans, but is only the second 1 major Western industrial £ country to do so. However, : 'Japanese officials, J make 'clear that they." are* * unlikely’/to ratify the treaty t'M unless they can obtain' ^ improvements in the pro- ^ visions governing the mining, of billions of tons of man-'1 ganese-rich nodules lying; o over three miles below the L waves. r. The Reagan Administration has said that it will not sign the. r convention because of these; jv provisions. Belgium, Britain,; j- Italy and West Germany,. f which also have companies ] •interested in deep sea mining, , . - have avoided signature so far. ■ But all are now hoping that they /lican persuade the Preparatory Commission, which bgjgins work in Kingston. Jamaica, on March 15, to improve the- terms for companies. The Soviet bloc and India h^ve followed Third World coun tries in signing. The treaty comes into force one?" year after ratification by the governments of 60 c-ountries. ^ !>»• tr

~~aaiu. bought I taken delivery of * Argentina has J^ter bombers, 1 20 Mirage Mjfo fte number < over bringing to since the Talk- •> it has bought n.nds fighting. <~~

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diblc logistical difficulties o by David Lipscy — sg*aswsT;\ XK^c tm^t taxpayer and the, on £155.000. The £1.860 million over the next ^n^such fl-lghls is running at three years alonc- k more than £l million a week. In officially revealed last "cck. morel charlcrcd merchant This amounts to more: thain “ddu • s(iU cngagcd full nnimon pounds pcr head c■ css ing lhc islands. sonic 4 OOO-strong" STSU -t VhCiXcXn£.%0 000COpcrali Under XnmuiU™ present to 1100.000 a 'prvrca?front0l9P86 on.up- ycarp=r^w~nly cosl ward's of £235.7 millions an- Th s isn additional nuallv - unless and until a ,v cij^quivalcnl io nearly permanent peace with Argentt ilsm qislandcr _ is being “Stures emerged-wife provided for civilian rehab,li-

alie spendingssasos* plans lor the £3" 7.0 in ««aid. w l"rCC show that the <£St The ît^rcuXcmf^ncial report, These new figures arc likely will remain a big burden. year -if the present uneasy peace ^reinforee last w«* s opinion even ' h°The cost is onkially^put at ^^‘AôJuup/DalfyTclc- £624 million n the nc showed that 53 per financial year. 1983-84. BMj . adults..,questionad will actual y in I9S4-85. lo Ji nol worth sS-kkS“‘“" tailing °ff sl'f-llv619 som? £53“ 'S'two adult's in three, the poll yA garrisoning showed. thought tthat nôuld

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~~WORLD REPORT —wmtewams***.~~

~~Argentine frigate with British-built ehgines.~~

~~Junta sails-: out~~

on Rolls power by PATRICK BISHOP and TONY CATTERAL BRITISH engineers from EEC embargo on arms ex- Rolls-Royce have been ports to Argentina that fol- supervising the installation lowed the invasion of the of gas turbine engines in I'alklands, four warships being built cn^nt iTtl^f'ba^tnRhe in West Get many lot the export of four Rolls-Royce C Argentine Navy. Olympus iurbfhes to power The first of the frigates to the ships, be completed, the 3,360-ton Mrs Thatcher was adamant, Almirante Brown, was however, that British involve- handed over to the Argen- ment in the project should tines last week and will be cease as soon as the ships sailing for home within a were handed over to the fortnight. Argentines. ‘ v : A spokesman for Blolim A spokesman for Rolls- and Voss, the Ham burg, ship- Royce said that normally they yard which built her, told would have* supplied an The Observer that British engineer to stgyxpiRhe vessel engineers were present; at after the customer Tiad taken sea trials before thd-A'rgen- over, in order to Supervise tines took charge of the the running of the engines, vessel. ‘We would have■ done so Another team of engineers here if there hadp’s been a is at sea in a second frigate, dust-up. That would have the Argentina, which is on a been part of tbyproduct sup- testing voyage in the North port,’ he addedA., \ Sea. She is clue to be handed,. Each of . the -frigates will over in June. ’ carry 'eight ' MM40 sea- The order for the four launched Exocets, for which MEKO 360-type frigates, British Aerospace is listed as worth more than £500 million, the sub-contractor responsible was placed late in 1979 and for the radar homing equip- work continued during the ment.

~~•» l ijzjsj~~

~~THEi OBSERVER, SUNDAY -.6 FEBRUARY 1983~~

*-* V r*-i

ARGENTINE military of the Argentine military advisers are still assisting ac^emy. sources said the the right-wing regime in Argentine operation was Honduras despite promises under the overall command made last year to the °,f Colonel Jorge O’Higgins, l f . . the defence attache at the neighbouring leit win-, Argentine Embassy in Tegu Sandinista Government in cigalpa. They said O'Higgins Nicaragua that they would ?penJ i,s niuch time at the Honduran Armv HQ as he be withdrawn. did at his desk in the Although most of the 50 embassy. advisers were pulled out, the Below O’Higgins are three handful remaining are play- officers responsible for the ing a key role in the running day-to-day running of the of the Honduras Army and three sectors which police and the training of Argentine advisers are in right-wing Nicaraguan exile volved—the Army, the police guerrillas. and the Nicaraguan exile group. The oiler of withdrawal had Permanently attached to been made in gratitude at the Army is Colonel Jorge dc

office building which houses The advisers had been part General Alvarez and his staff. of a widern . US-o.icounter- Advising the National In- msurgency effort in Central yestigation Directorate of America. the Honduran national police Col. Jorge O’Higgins commands Argentine Last month the new rela- force is an Argentine police officers in Honduras. tionship between the two officer named Cesar Garfo. countries was cemented at Honduran civil rights right-wing Nicaraguans who Communist military regime. t ^ groups have accused the use Honduras as a base for The Argentine Government Ministers conference in directorate of being behind operations against the leftist can be expected to react to Managua, which called foi a number of disappearances Sandinista regime. the revelations by repeating negotiations between Buenos which have occurred during The sources said Gigante a position it adopted late last Aires and London to end the past 12 months . despite |lac| i)ccll responsible for the year : any Argentines serving the Falklands dispute. ll!e restoration last January Nicaraguan side of the Argen- in Honduras were there only Evidence obtained by The °‘ civilian rule. Hue operation since he as ‘ mercenaries.’ All three of Observer indicates that The directorate, was also arrived in Tegucigalpa last the senior Argentine Army Argentina, despite the diplo- accused of being behind the October. advisers in Tegucigalpa have mafic marriage of con- assassination last week of a Gigante was among a group been seen wearing .their uni- venience with Nicaragua, has leading Communist and trade 0f foreign military observers forms to wdrk.'Oiily Garro, only reduced the numbers unionist in the second city present at the joint US-Hon the police office?, goes about of its advisers in Honduras of Honduras, San Pedro Sula. duran military exercises last in civilian clothes, and, since late October, ‘We think that the Argen- week, near the frontier with Diplomatic obs ervers are ordered them to adopt a low lines are teaching the police Nicaragua, which have been not surprised t.hat the ad- profile. '-‘.to figlu a “dirty war’ denounced in Managua as a visers are still-here. Despite. Qmirrac in HmiHiimc <7,1 r against suspected leftists, ‘ provocation.’ the rhetoric of Argentina’s . that Argentines advisers are like the one they fought in The revelation that Argen- current foreign policy, it is behind the increasingly their own country in the tina is continuing to aid-its unlikely the military would! heavy - handed role being 1970s/ said a human rights avowed foes is likely to prove abandon a country like Hon- played in Honduran political activist. embarrassing to the Sandin- duras so long as General Al- life by the military, under Most. controversial. of the. ista regime, which has had to varez remained in control of the fiercely anti-Communist senior Argentine advisers in suffer some * uncomfortable, its armed forces. head of the armed forces, Honduras is Colonel Carmilio ideological contortions to ex- General Gustavo Alvarez Gigante. He is said to co- plain its close diplomatic Martinez himself a graduate ordinate his country’s aid to links with a fervently anti-

~~.• LEWIN AGAIN I ILU DISPUTES ...~~

fr,- OWEN CLAIM By JOHN SHAW T ORD LEWIN, former Chief .of t\ie Defence Staff, said yesterday that he was “ sorry to see ” Dr . David Owen was still per sisting with his interpreta »o- tion of the rules of engage- • M ment for British' ships in S^AfR writes: , ,,:..if an Argentine vessel was pro- Mr Enoch Powell', ‘ Official "-receding to the Falkland Islands J 1 Unionist MP for-South- Down, “ that, in itself, was sufficient r last night denounced the U/iited • ~ ./to fall into the criteria of hos- i! ,r. Nations as the*body ulhipately ,\ile intent.” *! £5 responsible Tbr the Filkldnds -•Lncp He made the claim in a k ** conflict. -^-’speech at Oxford on Tuesday. “ It is with the United Nations *‘• •' repeating an original assertion i* that the guilt lies for the breach •Ad, in the debate on the Franks ['I of the peace and the blood- .«>' Report in the Commons. $ «-■ shed,” he. told the Aldershot and A small British force was Jj *. North Hants Conservative Asso- ■’ sent to the South Atlantic by t»i ** ciation. 6" the Labour Government in 1977. The object was to deter 8 : Mr Powell argued that the the Argentines if talks about u 1967 General Assembly , resolu- the future of the islands, then ;; tioh expressing “its .gratitude ; " taking place in New York, «• for* the1 continuous efforts made £, py the Government of Argen- broke down. [j tina to- facilitate th'e" process of 4 Never decided ’ decolonisation and to promote -■ 1 - [; the well-being of the population Lord Lewin, who retired as ftv- of the Falkland Islands,” was an hv.oiChief of the Defence Staff last -• insultingly provocative action. - -.m"October, was First Sea Lord in •s'''1977. He said at his home in Suffolk: “Our ships were there as a card to be played if the negotiations, broke down. “But. they didn’t break downj ' so’1 ’the exact way the card -would have been played i , .was never really decided. In V fact, the surface ships never 4 1, i approached to within 1,000 jjr>v miles..of the Falklands.” The- force consisted of a nuclear submarine, two frigates 5 and some support ships. I! K . On Dr Owen’s suggestion that IS ..../If a ship was .proceeding to *' . the Falklands-that was suffici \: ent hostile intent, Lord^ Lewin : commented: “ How do you know that a ship is proceeding to the Falklands until it enters ter ritorial waters Whiffti -at that L-,.,-V:.- time were three miles? “To take .hostile action .'ag-a-inst Argentine ships ou-t* •*^side territorial waters before 5®sihey had committed any hostile t, T* action would clearly be against ft ^ international lavrand our ships if were not authorised to do this.” w

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The Hermes, 23,900 tons, “ eveni with the enhanced air group J* literally jammed on board n carried only a dozen Sea Harriers, half a dozen RAF Harriers and a small number of helicopters. An American car rier accommodates 80 fixed wing aircraft and half a dozen .ft The Daily Telegraph, Saturday, February .5, -.1982 large helicopters.--' • ■; r.;J The' smaller British carriers are less sustainable, have limited stowage space and dur FikLKLANDS LOSSES ing- the . campaign .. had flight decks ehcuurbered by- stacks of bombs, missiles..apd fuel tanks which made them'“ very vulner able indeed.” BLAMED ON w■mim:,

‘FALSE ECONOMY’ Successful attacks : l. /■ By RICHARD BEESTOy in Washington The repeated success of Argentine aircraft penetrating .ripHE American Navy blames" “ false econ- British defences and attacking JA omy ” in British defence'cuts*for the loss forces affoat and ashore was be cause the British fleet “lacked of British shipping in the Falklands war and a real fleet air defence in depth ” including the essential for the fact that “ the British never estab keystone, of airborne early warning and long-range air lished anything approaching control over the defence fighters. Virtually none of the Argen skies above the^Ealklands.’ tine aircraft that hit British Victory, despite these problems,,was made possible ships could have done so had the British had a full-sized largely by the higher performance, training and morale carrier air wing. the British forces and because of superior intelli The outer air defences rarely Of consisted of more than four Sea gence, a Navy report states. Harriers carrying only two air- The report says the Falk to-air missiles each, lands conflict was the first “In summary, t£e Falklands “ truly Naval war ” since the demonstrates that-juddern .war ships can be defended against Pacific conflict in the 1939- modern weapons like Cruise 45 war. missiles, but they must have a "The Falklands battle has to defence in depth and they must be seen as a failure of deter be able to sustain hits, absorb rence,” Mr John Lehman, the damage and keep fighting.” Navy Secretary, told the House Armed Services Committee in presenting the report. Mr Lehman said he would stress the-.'-lesson against false defence "economy” in arguing for President Reagan’s defence budget. In relating the F^lklands war “ to a potential conflict with the Soviet Union the report says the Falkldnds* “is a con firmation of how well we would have been prepared for a similar event.” ‘ Vulnerable ships “ One of the clearest lessons of the Falklands is that smaller, cheaper, less well armed comba tants can be .a very false economy because of their much higher degree of Vulnerability as demonstrated' by the loss of the four Royal Navy ships.” Not one of the attacks sustained by’ British ships have been able to penetrate to any vital space on any American aircraft carrier, said the report. The smaller carriers deployed by the Royal Navy, by contrast “ are far more vulnerable and although well ' designed and professionally- manned are incapable of accommodating modern high performance air craft.” ' *..... With an American carrier for protection, said the report, forces would have suffered far fewer losses. I Powell attacks UN I. 7 in s)^ over Falklands . TheJT United ^Nations must Mr Powell added- “We were.> nf CC,hiC xSZi™* }h,e ‘!SVaSL0,n ?nd arc- thc victims of our own c 1 tT3 k ??r4ds’ Mr ■^sincerity. For over thirty vears Enoch Powell Official Ulster we have sanctimoniously'and saidlalt nieht forDown-South- dishonestly pretended respect, if said last night. not awe. for an organization He quoted the example of a which all the time we knew was General Assembly resolution in a monstrous and farcical hum- Deccmber, 1967; which ex- bug." pressed “its gratitude for the continuous efforts made by thc Thus Britain - not just one 1 Government of Argentina to government or party* - found facilitate thc process of decolo- Ils, ?hannS the UN’s-guilt by nization", and called on Britain Lo erflng and not repudiating its and Argentina to expedite talks. 1 hurnbug. “The moral is to cease Assuming this was not a sick engage in humbug, which joke “it would be difficult to ;a.™osl aI1 nave happily, and self- imagine a more cynically . righteously engaged;,in for a wicked or criminally absurd or ^'generation." '•I ’ l. insultingly provocative action,;* *l' Mr Powell told the Aldershot' ^ in i,/°^ ^osc who and Northern Hams Conserva- ln‘hc Falkian.ds campaign, live Association. who are to visit thc war With im r , cemetery in Port Stanley, will be I0-, votes for the flown to South America bv nnd y BnIam aga,nsl Brilish Airways jumbo jet, and and 3- abstaining, it could not complete the joumcv in the be wondered at that, year after Cunard Countess passenger • n3u88Sd . and Iin^r- which is on charter to the threatened until it had threa- Ministry of Defence (Rodney tened itself into aggression. Cowton writes) y It is with the United _ Nations that thc guilt lies for r lhc v,s,t» which is being the breach of the peace and the l"nanced by thc ministry, is bloodshed.” Mr Powell said. open to next-of-kin of those Here was a body (the UN w^° d*?d at' s®8** or who are General Assembly) which knew b.3r‘cd in the islands. Each is that no international forum had allowed to take up to two found against Britain’s right to companions. the islands. Yet it had voted its The exact size of the party is gratitude _lo Argentina for not yet known, but will 10 ,aniIe!t lhc Pr°bably be more than 600. islands from their lawful own- They are expected to leave crs- about April 7, and the trip will It was “disgraceful" for lake aboul ten days, of which Britains to belong to a body rougbly three will be spent on or which would perpetrate so around the Falklands. -m,£ntc«£, a7r0nt' H^rc w?s While they are there thc main pure spue for spite s sake memorial to the dead will be against the United Kingdom”. dedicated. D. lex&iMyfl'

~~7 '83~~

~~Heated exchanges in~~

Falklands with MPs By PATRICK WATTS in Port Stanley and bring it to us and say, EXCHANGES became ‘ Look, would you like to play rather heated at times with this?’ Not for us to go when members of the along and say, ‘Look, we’ve Falklands Legislative got a new ball. Won't you Council gave evidence to join us?’ ” the Select Committee on Mr Blake also said that the Foreign Affairs. Government should continue to This was especially so when consult the islanders, Ar,innf on: nocfuture Mr Dennis • Canavan: Labour policy, with the Argent,nes, as \1P for West Stirlingshire m tne past. Mr George Foulkes, Labour suggested that councillors MP for Sauth Ayrshire, con should start considering re tinually asked witnesses what opening negotiations,, with thoughts they had for the Argentina. ' future of the Falklands since Britain would not be in a posi- ‘ Ball out of window ’ garnson some time in the Mr Ti/m Blake (West Falk- tion to maintain a military lands) said, “.We were in the future. process o,f discussing the next Several people suggested step with Argentina in Mardh that should this happen, then last year, and were to give an some-form of resettlement with answer within a mor>Mi. They full compensation by the Gov invaded before we had time to ernment would never arise, as reply. suggested by Mr Foil Ikes. “ Then it is suggested by The Select Committee has some of you .gentlemen that been making a two-day tour of we should now start talking the outlying farms and settle again. ments before returning to They kicked the. ball out Stanley It leaves for Britain of the window. It’s time for this evening. them to buy a new bloc/dy ball, "^Editorial comment—P14 1

~~jsjrune angry over~~

\ Falklands airlift By CATHERINE STEVEN A flG0YrnRNAJENT Plan t0 , 0n March 21 British Calc- X tty faoO relatives of the doman will announce a trading V Falkland war dead from ?oss of about £1 million which M . r Britain to Montevideo free j* 'V'H atribute directly to its 5pSj|K/ on planes of the Stale-owned ,ossc-s on, Jhe South American flSil British Airways has incensed ,.]he. Falkland* war the privately-owned British ^Ar“nHn^W Caledonian airline. Peru anr» ivIiafw „ , ; yniic, fll§l I . Last month. British Caledon- of £6 million fast summer ^ Mi ian. the second largest British Tll_ . n. s mmer- airline, offered the Government v:ri„ to Monte- a package arrangement to fly ^L^V-47 Jumbo1J?? 'v,)1 •- S,.' , the relatives to Montevideo on Seht^ Jf . ATVVn^'vh,ch has ^ fgl i chartered aircraft for £500,000. !?£?!* • £,1,000 mil,ion- P But Sir John Nott, the ab^ut£500.000 m tost fares. i 4. Defence Minister at the time of doDenripik l'rth w,or0'ls and § the Falklands war. decided to 2 2 ,,ofVh.e 2u Service- 8 ■H accept an earlier offer from Sir Soert?d "A b^flle are Sir john King John King, chairman of British April V Heathrow on Airways, to fly the relatives out * In Montevideo thev will Join ,.Althoutfh SJr Johr? refused to British Caledonian is indignant ^ C“"^v" the^tV" IFrlfne, °{

State airline. British Caledonian -ravesTh?l h«l9V,?,t ^'thing towards it. * P ‘ has suffered big losses on its month charter. 1starting last R >riti?h Caledonian picked up l°reS 4™,ltnCofn the FaS,kfands ^ British Catedonian considers wiK ^ ^ oSTtim"." that the Government's decision work elsewhere but are evoked ?-ntIsh - CaIedonian flew to is a sign of its desire to give to return to nicl-mVthPrS! Montevideo regularly but aban- British Airways an advantage about Anri? 35 or Ifi Families doned that route in favour of in the run-up to privatisation. sir John Kin*cnid nr h, Buenos Aires. British Caledonian has domi- home yesterday: “We offered a |yS Caledonian now flies nalcd the South American to take them at ihe time of the a0 ^Tee S011/*1 routes from Britain and feel conllict and the offer was accep- efa/il and rnlnmh^"^116 ^ that was another reason why it ted. It was said that we would from Heathrow b * dlreCt should have won the contract, wish to help in arranging to get weatnrow. _ "*ie company presented the the wives, dependants and TI> HI »• ! Government with a series of children out in due course. JKOllS eil21Iieer costings for taking between 230 “That time has now arrived ® and 6o0 passengers to Monte- I think it is the least that we video. can do.” in ship ban oe Sunday Telegraph Reporter <6 evan' . be furthV' The British Government has , Of P°‘ stepped in to prevent a Rolls- j \vc Mr } do __ Royce marine engineering cx- coal fo th< pert from sailing with a frigate on Jan. supplied to the Argentines by C an assurance West Germany. your ON The Argentine Navv took de falkl l,nion re livery of the Almirante Brown. iNDS 3,560 tons, which is powered by d that a Rolls-Royce engine, from the 0 take OOMPENSA German shipbuilders four days of the j, TIOJV ago. 'icieni in TI,e'G,n“rJ’0lilicsl Staff The ship is expected to leave Hamburg on Wednesday to go "ouidb,. ensure that S?e,Dt w‘" seek through sea trials before dock ecord on ()>e Falk/and ii funds given ing in France to pick up Exocet }'Cl ^ missiles. Mr cr ,niC obsentee 1 Pa,!d to Normally an expert from the engine manufacturers would go

as o«S®SfBffr i °* defence Ht I lh‘S AbOUt°U£5rn!!liCal Staff / i the \\afr- COSls- was°°s0, excluding I I l,]p Ministry oF n ' sPeM by the I % Jn Rations last V^CC °n Public * ^ , Armed rr' Mr Po'(‘,' LA said in a rnS0rces Minis yesterday011 ni0ns w‘'ittA^M it ■

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~~\ >. CARELESS TALK COSTS LIVES J1 THERE USED TO BE A CONVENTION that British~~

>?pVenll0ns- At all events, three left-wing Labour farvSClS1Tr'the ^aIklands as Part °f the Parliamen- 'ra2nS, 1Committee on Foreign Affairs, Dennis Lanavan, George Foulkes and Frank Hooley, not only denounced the Government as murderers for our Part in the Faiklands war, but told all and sundry that Britain could not afford to maintain a garrison on the Faiklands I Now it is easy to shrug the incident off as an outburst by three primitive and unrepresentative members of the Labour Left, fighting the last war but one, or rather opposing it. But, unfortunately there is more to it than that. Those who are e“®ing o on the Government and armed forces leadership in Buenos Aires to a second round against Britain will hold up their statement as proof that the British have no stomach for continuing the fight, and that DolcI Argentine harassment, if correctly timed, would force any British Government to give in. This is, after all. what led Galtieri to his fatal mistake. It is one lesson of the notorious “ King and Country ” debate whose fiftieth anniversary looms: careless talk costs lives. If the record is to be put right, it is important that the Foreign Affairs Committee's voice be heard unequivocally. So far, perhaps unintentionally, the Committee has given the impression of ambiguity. It has acted as a sounding board for pro-Ar«entine and anti-British sentiments, which received extensive * r media publicity from the exercise. Its chairman. Sir Anthony Kershaw, who has been out of the public eye since he was Mr Heath’s PPS, but is quite influential behind the scenes, would do well to speak up loudly, plainly and frequently, to help disabuse the Argentines, and indeed anyone else who might be under a misapprehension. For if careless talk has ns its dangers, so sometimes has silence.

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~~The Guardian February 3 1983~~

Argentine grip on Falkland farms By Paul Keel Two islands in the Falkland! to buy'land on^th"'A^enUnc RSlT' Unlerfc th* Alien according to TV Eye the trust archipelago are being farmed mainland where he settled and tish CovprnnSnt VonoBri’ *ast Produced accounts in Port iegfs^ation “Sr rosslbilUyed andPre,Vnnt circL* J£& hi" ™ ^ ^ the yoke"^nger‘inThe Yofonv'° ^ ^ ‘“"S W 8&i“d ^ ™ert the The islands Weddell anH him^frnm11 W0U d not prevent Yesterday, Mr Denis Bou- W1 se,ze upon the disclosure Srt? S'i“A k SHF®* Ms r* Ba is &2q=*; a irs£,few if any ,hoft,;,s,srfi them reahse the «svhich *.was regtt”tered°VJ>re«v' »t« ». xnsutATSras-TV Afgenti"e nationals ^sfvsvsx^vel-men™ economic de‘ connection between the two The trust hS« Ln • yi sPea£m& from St Helier, Jer- ve‘°Pment- island sheep ranches and owner of Ms pToneftv mrlnd ffy' h,? Said ,hat they were Mr rJalrA Re* .,Hunt- the Falkland Argentina jng Weddell P 3 tyca inid* tIarT?.,,ton s daughter, her Islands civil commissioner, has The story is to be told to- islands but all ?1pS Pr? family, and their descendants. consistently called on the Bri- night in a Thames Television was to be oassed ^n m Vl ,?e refused to discuss anv jLsl) government to nationalise TV Lye documentary which beneficiaries Phis descendant16 ?the,r matters relating to the £®rJain ranches in the colony traces the history of the The arrange men? avniriPH frost except that the two f°that might be divided islands, acquired at the turn of problem for8 the 1 mm Si Lsl5nd farms ,n lhe Falklands 'nt.° anJaI er farms and redistri- **h?2tuiry* hZ \ ScoWish ® he would^ otherwise havl yd™ "° Pr°fitS in recent l° '°Cal p°°ple' epherd, John Hamilton. encountered over his Falklands ‘ Whether correct or not-and iIg"s'PS ready for Junla' , a>

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~~"v a ..w5y KEITH DEVES A MYSTERIOUS group of W beArgentines reaping rfch profits fr t0 '~~

Sands? COntr°' in The gn?uF is said to selling wool from 14,000 sheep. on two remote islands — flnH funnelling the cash back to Buenos Aires through Pany m Jersey. a corn- .sh?ck allegations— made Hunt • • • "Land should vision4 in the Thamps Tele- be talai?itnw 9ommissioner 0 A BR spokesman lVr Hunt has said of the absentee landlords’ “T “ Wn’r« 2 «,aSt n,8ht: I would like their land to $ZZ*2PJEn1 be taken pver." a to SlKSTSSUS © 'he scheme will r n

~~Daily Mirror February 3 1983~~

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.ISAUHOfBS...... island. AN important part of the Falk WEST FALKLAND land Islands, where the first Brit ish settlers landed in the 18th ‘WCDOLl ISLAND century, is owned by Argenti nians. They got it quite legally, without using force. And there is little the British government or the islanders can do about it. Weddell Island and i2®^ Saunders Island, off the In their hands—Weddell and Saunders off West Falkland coast of West Falkland, are owned by a trust com tine troops to fill sand- stock far more sheep and pany called John Hamil bags. be more profitable.” ton... Estates. The 43 British settlers The disclosures are All the beneficiaries of on the. two islands, where made tonight by reporter the trust live in Argentina they farm 17,500 sheep, Peter Gill on lTV^s TV and hold Argentine pass- are also angry with their Eye programme, ports. f>*“tee dentine land- Falklands Governor Sir And because the com- 10i,as* J • Hex Hunt has told « pany is registered in- Saunders Island man- Whitehall he would like to Jersey it does not break a ager Tony Pole-Evans,. take over the land. 19?8 -Apt which allows employed by the trustees, And Labour MP Stan only Britons to own land says-' ‘‘The last item of Clinton Davies is askimr in the Falklands. major investment by the the Foreign Secretarvto . The trust has already ®atates was seven years explain the Argentinian infuriated Whitehall by a&°; Then we got a interests. 61 fc'*w and^excavate S™* It was used by Argen- more land then we could brian McConnell r n

~~Daily Telegraph February 3 1983~~

~~DALYELL' LASHES ‘SELFISH~~

r FALKLANDERS’ By Our Political Staff TAM DALYELL, the Labour MP who “ If above all else, you want to be British, then come to has campaigned against British involve Britain, and as far as I’m con cerned you will be a first-class, ment in the Falklands, wrote to a teenager and not second-class citizen, I under the British nationality in Port Stanley yesterday, telling him the legislation. Or you would be islanders brought the war on themselves welcome in New Zealand.. “ What I am clear about is through “ selfishness and intransigence.” that before the conflict, and until blood was spilled in a He was replying to a letter from Philip Miller, major way with the sinking of Belgrano, you and your friends 19, of Allardyce Street, Port Stanley, who was awarded would have joined the privi the BEM for his conduct during the Argentine leged Anglo-Argentine com munity, and not the ‘ diappeared occupation. ones ’ a reference to missing Philip, who spent six political prisoners. years at school in Argentina, had accused Mr Dalyell of Two-in-five jobless being “ chicken-hearted.” 44 The welsh communities in South Patagonia continue to He said if Mr Dalyell had speak their language, play rugby been in the Falklands when football, and maintain their own they were overrun he would way of life. Was it really so . O have taken a very different line. difficult for you to reach an “It is easy to be brave with accommodation? other people’s lives,” said Mr “You tell me you are 19 and Dalyell, MP for West Lothian, did not like school in Cordoba. who has asked more than 300 In the new town of Livingston, Parliamentary questions about part of which I represent, two the origins and conduct of the in five 19-year-olds nave no job, Falklands campaign. and little prospect of a job. “ Today we are told that Maimed for life £694 million is to be spent next “Apart from those who will year on the Falklands element never return to mothers, wives of defence expenditure. ; and young children in Britain, “ Bluntly, British teenagers, there are some who will be or for that matter dispossessed Africans evicted from Nigeria, maimed for life: Their burns, i I scars and mental condition are higher up the list of priori sometimes dreadful to behold. ties than you.” “And why? Because you and Mr Dalyell ends: “ If you > 5 come to Britain, you would be your families selfishly and t intransigently refused to have welcome for a meal with me f anything to do with successive here.” 1 plans, put forward in good faith by British Ministers, for some 7 kind of constructive solution I with your South American l neighbours. “ You got your friends in this country to sabotage every pro posal. ■ . ' . 11

■ u -V . ■ X . ■ "'YV- ■ w'.V'V a godforesaken spot if eveî saw one, or so I thought until we reach^dVthe Falk- QovernwdKit Houê lands. My hopes of a quick da'sh to the Duty ’ i>: •»;. t Free were immediately put paid «to as we were i ■ frog-marched up another 1ad'ieîn.t'Ov.an even Port Stanley, older biplane, and off for a‘thirteen hours of unmitigated hell, te^'Jtfc--chattering r with, the vibration, as we nose-dived towards.. the sea to take on fuel from a stalling nuclear bomber, Margaret unruffled [u b y it all still deep in her boxes and B £® r writing her Christmas thank-you letters. Finally I was awakened from a night ij. marish doze and hustled out into the wm blizzard to be met by that awful little slug Hunt who used to be the Governor, Dear Bill, and a small crowd of blue-nosed .First things first. L wouldn't bother Sheepshaggers, the surrounding view bring if I were you to go up to town for* the ing back unhappy memories of our grisly Lillywhites sale/ I had a quick whizz round holidays with Lord Pucefeatures on the Isle en route for the Ritz Bar, and quite frankly, of Muck. M.strides in, a dreadful- gleam in apart from the evil-smelling horde of Arabs her eye, and begins to press the flesh, a hurling athletic supports from hand to hand seem half-witted photographer from the local in the jogging department there didn't roneoed news-sheet The Shaggers' Weekly much of interest to you. I made do with a falling about in the background popping off set of thermal Japanese golf hats In pastel • his flashbulbs. shades, knocked dowi to practically nothing. swears I think we had shaken hands with the Maurice-'s friend with the funny leg entire population of the benighted settle by them, and I thought they might enliven ment before the wretched Hunt's better half the scene at Woipicston. for not giving you brightly announced that she had put the kettle You'll forgive me on. We were then, if you are still with me, prior notice of this present little excursion, invited to climb into a ridiculous London but we were all sworn to keep absolutely taxi, and driven off through the minefield mum, lest the Argies bomb the airstrip prior to Mon Repos, locally known as Dunshclggin. to our arrival. When it was first mooted, in On arrival we are greeted by a smouldering company with assorted bras hats md other peat fire, tea and rock buns arrangedT^bn Whitehall buffers alJ drawing her attention tasteful doylies, whereupon Hunt,' catching to the various hazards attached, 1 wrang my the light of insanity in my eye, mutt^t's hands imploring M. to think again. Pyrn how that if I were to accompany him upstairs, he ever seemed singularly sanguine urging her has something that might interest me-. This to press on and fulfil her destiny. (I proved to be a captured pair of underpants wonder why?). once belonging to General Menendez, now Needless to say the Boss had her way, mounted by his good lady in a pokerwork frame. but agreed to throw sand in the eyes of the Controlling my emotions, I suggested a reptiles with talk of a cancellation, and stroll to stretch the legs after our long limit the operation to an Ulster-style "inner ordeal. Resisting the fool Hunt's suggestion and outer". I thought it only right and of a trek up Mount Tumbledown, I reached proper to motor the old girl out to Brize the Goose six minutes later, only to find Norton and flutter rny hanky from the waving r the bar crammed with inebriate reptiles, base, telling her as she studied her red brasshats, airline stewards and one or two boxes in the passenger seat of my deep regrets cross-eyed Sheepshaggers of idiotic mien sitting that I couldn't come along and enjoy all. the fun. After she said "But you are coming, in a corner reminiscing gloomily, about the Denis" for the third time the penny finally good old days under the Argies when at dropped and I began to feel, very queasy in least they could get a drink. ;.p deed. Not only was I unsuitably .accoutred As I write our time of departure is for the Antarctic, but I had several dates still very much under wraps, Margaret having lined up on the old While the Cat's away toddled off to a small thanksgiving^service the Mice will'play syndrome, and therefore at the local tin tabernacle and. showing had to ring round from the only available every desire to stay on indefinitely. At telephone in the Nissen Hut at the drome. least, thanks to Mine Host, Bill Vole- trouser, I am now well prepared for .the All slightly embarrassing. ■ Next thing I know it's up a Little return trip, a miniature in every pocket ladder into the boneshaker, chocks away, and and a fire extinguisher full'of the amber eyes down for seven hours hardarse non-stop fluid for discreet in-flight refuelling. to Ascension. The worse thing about it, Bill, Yours in transit, ^ . .vr was that not being forewarned I was deprived even of the solace of my little flask that I always pack for these occasions. I tried to light a gasper, but it was immediately knocked out of my hand .by some Air Com modore, roaring above the din of the engines that I must be mad, didn't I realise I was sitting on forty thousand gallons of high octane fuel? You can imagine my -mental state when we tottered out at Ascension, Evening Standard February 2 1983

FASHION DIARY DESPITE widespread interest Cecil Gee tell me they have in the Falklands sweater (The ordered two sweater styles for At last Standard’s exclusive design launched last Tuesday using the autumn, made in Italy puro Falklands wool and a from Falklands wool. One symbolic pattern of stitches will be displayed in their laggardly familiar t-o every home- up-market establishment, the knitter), only our designer Savoy Tailors Guild, where and a few Falkland islanders Dennis Thatcher is a regular can so far get on with the customer. Britain job of knitting one. Meanwhile, a reader, Miss The wool itself is In short C. M. Monaghan, from supply and the Falkland Hartlepool, tells me she gets Wool Sales Office in Bradford supplies of a “ greyish ” goes for blames our knitwear industry. Falklands wool from her “ Our lot showed no interest brother in the South Atlantic. until now,” they tell me, “The She will be one of the first Italians and Japanese bought to receive our exclusive Falklands quantities during the war and through the summer. pattern, available next week. They were perfectly happy Scotnord will have its pure to exploit the publicity of the Falklands wool in the shops wool Falklands name.” by mid-February.