AUTHOR RS-82-2245 NOTE Hispanic World, Aspects of Hispanic Culture
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 223 077 FL 013 278 AUTHOR Honea, Clara Pena; And Others TITLE Spanish Resource Materials Guide. INSTITUTION Hawaii State Dept. of Education, Honolulu.Office of Instructional Services. REPORT NO RS-82-2245 PUB DATE Dec 81 NOTE 402p. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC17 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Bibliographies; Elementary Secondary Education; Hispanic American Culture; Information Sources; *Latin American Culture; Latin American History; *Resource Materials; *Spanish; *Spanish Culture; Spanish Literature IDENTIFIERS Hawaii ABSTRACT Facts about Hispanic civilization,history, and culture are compiled to provide a resourcefor educators and students. Overviews are presented of thehistory and geographical features of Spain and Latin America, majorpersonalities of the Hispanic world, aspects of Hispanic culture andreligion, features of the Spanish language, Hispanicliterature, Spanish word games and songs, and the work of theOrganization of American States and the Pan American Union. Such topics as theHispanics in Hawaii, explorers and heroes of Spanish America,festivals and holidays, Hispanic foods and recipes, sports and recreation,proverbs, idioms, and the embassies of Hispanic nations are covered.Information sources and bibliographies are provided throughout the text.(RW) *********************************************************************** * * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that canbe made * * from the original document. *********************************************************************** Eric/ Cil OCT 2 7 1982 RECEPI A_A 410 SPANISH RESOURCE MATERIALS GUIDE Allism. 411==rok. 1. MEM cx (NI "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION ci EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION z 1 CENTER (ERIC) X This document has been reproduced as of Cebesiii01,-\ received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES reproduction quality. INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Points of view or opinions stated in this docu ment do not necessarily represent official NIE position or policy. OFFICE OF INSTRUCTIONAL SERVICES/GENERAL EDUCATION BRANCH 0 DEPARTMENTOF EDUCATION 0 STATE OF HAWAII RS 82-2245 0 DECEMBER 1981 Allan The Honorable George R.Arlyoshi Governor, State of Hawaii BOARD OF EDUCATION William A.K. Waters. Chairperson June C. Leong, First Vice-Chairperson John Penebacker, Second Vice-Chairperson Rev. Darrow L.K. Aiona Janie Nakamatsu, J.D. Margaret K Apo Meyer M. Ueoka Mako Araki Noboru Yonamine Sherwood M. Hara Randal Yoshida Dr. Hatsuko F. Kawahara Dr. Nancy Foon Young Charles G. Clark, Superintendent ofEducation Emiko I. Kudo, Deputy Superintendent Ruth Itamura. State Librarian Dr. Herman Aizawa, AssistantSuperintendent Office of Instructional Services James Edington, Assistant Superintendent Office of Business Services Eugene Yamamoto, Assistant Superintendent Office of Personnel Services Charles Kitaoka, District Superintendent Leeward District Office Dr. Kiyoto Mizuba, DistrictSuperintendent Hawaii District Office Dr. Mitsugi Nakashima, DistrictSuperintendent Kauai District Office Darrell Oishi, District Superintendent Maui District Office Kengo Takata, District Superintendent Honolulu District Office Liberato Viduya, Jr., DistrictSuperintendent Central District Office George Yamamoto, District Superintendent Windward District Office FOREWORD Teachers of Spanish do more than teach thebasic linguistic skills to their students. They endeavor to realize another important goalof the Spanish program, that of introducing their students tothe culture and life- style of Spanish-speaking people who are brothers,neighbors, and cultural forbears. Hispanic civilization and culture are the resultof a melting of ancient, Moorish, Black African, and indigenousAmerindian cultures. Too often, Americans fail to see beyond their stereotypes,myths, and prejudices, and therefore fail to recognize the value andrichness of things Hispanic. This cultural guide seeks to provide a basic,up-to-date overview of historical, geographical, literary, and other facts aboutSpain and Latin America. One section deals with gestures and non-verbalcommunication crucial to understanding a language. Others cover poetry and proverbs, because the wisdom, emotion, and language of the people are synonymouswith poetry and wit. In many sections, as much information aspossible is given about topics which are of high interest but which are notreadily available in libraries in Hawaii. In still other sections only the most importantand basic informa- tion is given, along with a bibliographywhich may be utilized for further investigation. Essentially, this resource materials guide is aconcise and practical point of departure in dealing with the study ofculture. It is intended for administrators, teachers, students--for all personssincerely desiring to understand and promote cross-cultural relationshipsbetween Hawaii's citizens and Spanish-speaking peoples. CHARLES G. CLARK Superintendent of Education ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Hawai'i Department of Education recognizes andappreciates the work of all those contributing directly to the SpanishResource Materials Guide. The Department expresses to them, and to the HawaiiChapter of the American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese for its support, aspecial mil gracias. Clara Pefla Honea, teacher of Spanish at DamienMemorial High School, was the principal coordinator of the Guide, spending agreat deal of time on this task. She determined the general topics to be included,researched much information herself, selected and reproduced some of theillustrations and shared enriching insights from the native-speaker point ofview. The following teachers of Spanish submitted material forinclusion: Walter Chang Damien Memorial High School Julie Courtney Hawaii School for Girls Anna Hipp Kailua Intermediate School Margo Ozaki McGrath Henry J. Kaiser High School Eleanor Juanita Garcia Morita Waialua High School Faymond Schul Damien Memorial High School Martha Shirai Governor Wallace Rider Farrington High School Carmen Torres Woolford St. Andrew's Priory Lawrence Lau, graphic artist at Brigham YoungUniversity, Hawaii Campus, conducted art research, designed the cover page, anddrew the original art works which illustrate so many of thecultural aspects of the guide. Norma Carr graciously gave permission toreprint her article on Francisco Paula Marin. Mrs. Libbie Braz, Librarian at DamienMemorial High School, graciously helped with the research of many subjects. A special feature of the guide is the workof two Damien Memorial High School students. Kenneth Apostol(class of '81) was theartist for the section on Spanish gestures. Wesley Leong (class of '82) adaptedmaterial about Father Junipero Serra. Delicious additions to the guide are the recipesgenerously shared by members of Hawaii's Spanish-speaking community: Eva Ahlo, Teresa Bratakos, Beatriz Claurg, Ramonita Cobb, Miriam Delgado,Ana de Herngndez, Maria Elvira PinzOn, Donna Robertson, Helen Santiago, RoxanaSebastine, Irene Senia, and Maria Victoria Sitarz. Joyce Torres prepared a large portion ofthe manuscript for publication, and competently provided all the othersecretarial skills necessary to ensure timely completion of the guide. Maureen Cassidy, Educational Specialist,Asian, European and Pacific Language Program, compiled and editedthe material, and provided valuable assistance in preparing this SpanishResource Materials Guide. lii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1--HISTORICAL BACKGROUND A. A Short History of Spain 3 1. Early Spain 2. Spain Under the Moslens 7 3. The Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries 11 4. The Seventeen and Eighteenth Centuries 14 5. The Nineteenth Century 16 6. The Twentieth Century 19 B. Mexico--A Brief History 23 1. Early Mexico 23 2. Toltecs, Zapotecs, Aztecs 23 3. Herndri Cortes 23 4. Father Manuel Hidalgo 23 5. Independence from Spain 24 6. Benito Jugiez 24 7. Porfirio Diaz 24 8. The Twentieth Century 25 C. Central and South America--Historical Notes 27 1. Independence in the Northern Colonies 28 2. Independence in the Southern Colonies 29 3. Independence in Central America 31 D. Religious History of Spain 35 1. Pre-Christian Spain 35 2. Christian Era 35 3. Visigothic Spain 36 4 Muslim Spain 36 5. 1492-Present--Catholic Spain 37 E. The Spanish in Hawaii 39 Page CHAPTER ---GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF THE HISPANIC WORLD A. Spain--The Mother Country 43 1. Physical Components 43 2. Regions 43 44 3. Clima:te . 4. Principal Cities 44 5. Outlying Possessions 44 6. Natural Resources 44 B. The Antilles and Mgxico 46 1. Cuba 46 2. The Dominican Republic 46 3. Puerto Rico 47 4. Mexico 48 C. South America 49 1. La Argentina 49 2. Bolivia 50 50 3. Chile 4. Colombia 51 51 5. Ecuador 6. El Paraguay 52 52 7. El Perla 8. El Uruguay 53 9. Venezuela 53 D. Central and South America--Geography at a Glance 54 1. Central America 54 2. West Indies (Antilles) 54 54 3. South America 4. Mountain Ranges 55 5. Principal Rivers 55 6. Climate 55 E. Maps 56 11% F. Indigenous Plants 69 G. Selected Related Vocabulary 71 r.2i1;,P=R 3--PERSONALITIES OF THE HISPANIC WORLD A. Sim6n Bollvar 76 B. A Chronoiogy of Spanish Explorationin North America 77 Contemporary Latin American Artists andMusicians 79 vi Page D. Discoverers, Explorers and National Heroes of Spanish America 82 E. Explorers in South America 83 F. Father Junipero's "Rosary" 85 G. General