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EXPLORE INDIA & BHUTAN Darjeeling
EXPLORE INDIA & BHUTAN Darjeeling, Gangtok, Kalimpong, Thimphu, Paro – 12 Days Departure: October 5, 2019 Return: October 16, 2019 Essence of India and Bhutan Experience some of the oldest Buddhist monasteries. Impressiveviews of Himalayan mountain ranges and tea gardens of the queen of Hillstations ‘Darjeeling’. Dazzling a ray of architecture, culture and naturalwonder. Saturday, October 5. (D)* UNITED STATES – DELHI Depart this evening abroad any airline of your choice to Delhi, India. Dinner and light breakfast served on the plane. Sunday, October 6. (B, L, D)* DELHI Continue flying on your airline to Delhi. Lunch and Dinner on the plane. You arrive late night at the Delhi International Airport. We meet you outside the customs and transfer you to the hotel, where we stay one night near airport deluxe hotel. Monday, October 7. (B). DELHI – BAGDOGRA – DARJEELING Today morning after breakfast we will take domestic flight to board the flight for Bagdogra. We will arrive at Bagdogra from where, we will drive to Darjeeling (around 3 hrs drive). It was the summer capital of India during British Raj. This small town has the picturesque views of the highest peaks of Himalayas and tea gardens. Evening at leisure. We will stay two nights at The Elgin Darjeeling. Darjeeling “The queen of Hill stations” offers magnificent views of the Himalayan mountain ranges. It’s fern filled valleys, snowcapped peaks, rich folk culture, and aromatic tea gardens make all senses alive. The name Darjeeling is a composition of ‘Dorje’ means thunderbolt and ling means ‘place’ the land of thunderbolt. Tuesday, October 8. (B) DARJEELING Early morning, we will visit Tiger hill to enjoy breathtaking sunrise. -
Buddhism in Sikkim: a Study in Cultural Syncretism Richa Raj*, Alice Rai, Maxine P
DU Journal of Undergraduate Research and Innovation Volume 1 Issue 2, Page 291-302 Buddhism in Sikkim: A Study in Cultural Syncretism Richa Raj*, Alice Rai, Maxine P. Mathew, Naina Johnson, Neethu Mathew, Osheen Magu, Shivangi Singh, Srishti Gupta, Supriya Sinha, Tanya Ranjan, Urvashi Bhardwaj [email protected] Jesus and Mary College, University of Delhi, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi. 110021 ABSTRACT This study aims at „de-mystifying‟ the diverse Buddhist culture of Sikkim through an analysis of its origins, belief systems, symbols, architecture, as well as the evolving culture of the monasteries using audio and visual documentation and interviews as tools. At the same time it attempts to document the cultural assimilation of other traditions (such as Hinduism) into this religious tradition. It was observed that the religious practices of Buddhism in Sikkim were influenced by the dominant Hindu religion and pre-Buddhist religions such as Bonism. The religious assimilation of different cultures in Buddhism is mainly seen in the ritualistic practices while the architectural style was influenced by the Tibetan and localized artistic forms. This assimilation can be widely viewed among the recently-converted Buddhists, that is, the Tamang and Gurung castes. Keywords: Buddhism, culture, philosophy, rituals, Sikkim, Tibetan. INTRODUCTION About 2,500 years ago, Shakyamuni Buddha attained enlightenment after many years of intensive spiritual practice, leading to the development of one of the world‟s great religions. Standing for compassion, forbearance, love, non-violence and patience, Buddhism further percolated to the neighbouring countries forming its own identity therein. As heresy against Brahmanism, it sprang from the kshatriya clans of eastern India and advocated the middle path. -
Manifestasi Budaya Indis Dalam Arsitektur Dan Tata Kota Semarang Pada Tahun 1900 - 1950
MANIFESTASI BUDAYA INDIS DALAM ARSITEKTUR DAN TATA KOTA SEMARANG PADA TAHUN 1900 - 1950 SKRIPSI Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Persyaratan Guna Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Sastra Jurusan Ilmu Sejarah Fakultas Sastra Dan Seni Rupa Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Disusun Oleh : T R I P A R T O N O C 0 5 0 5 0 0 3 F A K U L T A S S A S T R A D A N S E N I R U P A UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEBELAS MARET S U R A K A R T A 2 0 1 0 i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN MANIFESTASI BUDAYA INDIS DALAM ARSITEKTUR DAN TATA KOTA SEMARANG PADA TAHUN 1900 - 1950 Disusun Oleh : T R I P A R T O N O C 0 5 0 5 0 0 3 Telah Disetujui oleh Pembimbing Tiwuk Kusuma H, S.S. M.Hum NIP. 197306132000032002 Mengetahui Ketua Jurusan Ilmu Sejarah Dra. Sri Wahyuningsih, M.Hum NIP. 19540223198601200 ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN Disusun Oleh : T R I P A R T O N O C 0 5 0 5 0 0 3 Telah disetujui oleh Tim Penguji Skripsi Fakultas Sastra Dan Seni Rupa Universitas Sebelas Maret Pada Tanggal ..... ................ 2010 Jabatan Nama Tanda Tangan Drs. Warto, M. Pd Ketua NIP. 196109251986031001 (………………) Dra. Hj. Isnaini W. W, M. Pd Sekretaris NIP. 195905091985032001 (………………) Tiwuk Kusuma H, S.S. M.Hum Penguji I NIP. 197306132000032002 (………………) Drs. Soedarmono, SU Penguji II NIP. 194908131980031001 (………………) Dekan Fakultas Sastra Dan Seni Rupa Universitas Sebelas Maret Drs. Sudarno, M.A NIP. 195303141985061001 iii PERNYATAAN Nama : TRI PARTONO Nim : C 0505003 Menyatakan dengan sesungguhnya bahwa skripsi berjudul “Manifestasi Budaya Indis dalam Arsitektur dan Tata Kota Semarang Pada Tahun 1900-1950” adalah betul-betul karya sendiri, bukan dari plagiat dan tidak dibuat oleh orang lain. -
1. Arsitektur Kolonial
PERPUSTAKAAN FTSi> VU HADJfl.H/BEU TGL. TERIMA : 2t2^ it- ^^7 — NO. JUDUL 34^3; — NO. !NV. 'UGAS AKHIR NO. i'vDUX. - -.DO£4$X TAMAN BACA DAN REKREASI KRIDOSONO READING COURT ANDRECREATION KRIDOSONO Penataan fasilitas Taman Baca dan Rekreasi dengan pendekatan Arsitekiur kolonial Emphasis at settlementof Reading court facility and recreation with approach of Architecture colonial \ v. Disutetnfbleh: Pratintya Ambar Sari 02512163 JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEHNIK SIPIL DAN PERENCANAAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA 2007 MILK P€RPUS7AKAAN I! K-Rt;OiAAH Ui! YOGYAICARTA ! LEMBAR PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR TAMAN BACA DAN REKREASI KRIDOSONO READING COURT AND RECCREATiGN KRIDOSONO Penekanan pada penataan fasilitas taman baca dan rekreasi dengan pendekatan Arsitektur kolonia! Emphasis at settlement of reading court facility and recreation with approach of Architecture colonial Disusun olehi Pratintva Ambar Sari 02512163 Yogyakarta, 1 Maret 20U7 MENGESAHKAN DOSEN PEMBifviBiNG TUGAS AKHIR V \ Ir. H. Hanif Budiman. MSA KETUA JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR FTSP U\\ !r. Hastutl Saptorim, MA KATA PENGANTAR Assalamu'alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillahirobbil'alamin, puji syukur saya panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, atas segala limpahan rahmat dan karunia-Nya kepada kita semua, sehingga sampai saat ini masih selalu terjaga dalam Iman dan Islam. Dan atas rahmat-Nya pula akhirnya Tugas Akhir ini dapat diselesaikan tepat pada waktunya. Sebagai salah satu syarat untuk meneyelesaikan jenjang studi S1 pada Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan, Universitas Islam Indonesia, diwajibkan untuk menyusun Tugas Akhir yang dipertahankan di depan tim penguji. Tugas Akhir ini mengambil judul "TAMAN BACA DAN REKREASI KRIDOSONO, dengan penekanan pada penataan fasilitas Taman baca dan rekreasi dengan pendekatan Arsitektur kolonial." Dengan ketulusan dan kerendahan hati, pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1. -
THE MUGHAL AUDIENCE HALL: a SOLOMONIC REVIVAL of PERSEPOLIS in the FORM of a MOSQUE1 Ebba Koch Shah Jahan's Court After Shah J
THE MUGHAL AUDIENCE HALL: A SOLOMONIC REVIVAL OF PERSEPOLIS IN THE FORM OF A MOSQUE1 Ebba Koch Shah Jahan’s Court After Shah Jahan (rul. 1628–58), the fifth emperor of the Mughal dynasty, was enthroned on 8th Jumada al-Thani of the Hijri year 1037, corresponding to 14 February 1628 CE, he issued an order that halls for his public audiences should be constructed in all the great fortress palaces of the capitals of the Mughal empire. The audience hall was a new building type in the Mughal palace, of central importance for the proceedings of the Mughal court and for the interaction of the emperor with his subjects. Under the rule of Shah Jahan, the Mughal empire entered its classi- cal phase of greatest prosperity and stability.2 The conquests of Babur (1526), enlarged and consolidated under Akbar (rul. 1556–1605) and Jahangir (rul. 1605–1627), had established the Empire of the Great Moghul (or Mughal) as one of the three leading powers of the Islamic world, the other two being the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia. The informal set up of Babur asprimus inter pares among his Central Asian followers, had—in particular through the efforts of Akbar— developed into the court of an absolute ruler who, as head of a cen- tralized state, personally and diligently oversaw the administration of 1 This paper is based on an earlier study of the audience halls of Shah Jahan with detailed references, see Ebba Koch, ‘Diwan-i ‘Amm and Chihil Sutun: The Audience Halls of Shah Jahan’, Muqarnas 11 (1994) pp. -
Dinamika Terbentuknya Wilayah Kampung Arab Di Surakarta the Dynamics of Kampung Arab Development in Surakarta
Volume 18 Issue 2 October 2020, pages:249-264 Dinamika Terbentuknya Wilayah Kampung Arab di Surakarta The Dynamics of Kampung Arab Development in Surakarta Najmi Muhamad Bazher * MENARA, Study and Research Center of Arab Ancestry in Indonesia Email : [email protected]* DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/arst.v18i2.43363 Received:July 28, 2020 Revised: September 17, 2020 Accepted: September 18, 2020 Available online: October 31, 2020 Abstract A majority of modern-day Arab-Indonesians are the descendant of Hadramaut immigrants who came to Indonesia. They have stayed and settled in area near each other that are now known as kampung Arab. Most kampung Arab in Indonesia show that Arabs had similar pattern in their way of settling. Surakarta, as the chosen location, has kampung Arab located at Pasar Kliwon. There are theories about how these kampung Arab, including Pasar Kliwon, were developed. The objective of this study is to explore the four theories of Kampung Arab Pasar Kliwon development factors and the chronological sequence of those factors. This study is a qualitative research that uses secondary analysis of the previous studies as its method. Data verification utilised triangulation method, using various approaches, such as observation, interview, and participatory mapping. All four theories are considered valid. Based on the history of Kampung Arab Pasar Kliwon development, the factors in chronological order are economic activities, community, keraton (imperial) government policy, and colonial government policy. Keywords: Arab-Indonesian, district, kampung Arab, Pasar Kliwon, settelement. 1. PENDAHULUAN Munawar di Palembang, dan Kampung Arab Ampenan di Lombok adalah sedikit contoh Mayoritas orang Arab yang kini tinggal di Kampung Arab di Indonesia. -
Por-Tugu-Ese? the Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia
School of Social Sciences Department of Anthropology Por-Tugu-Ese? The Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia. Raan-Hann Tan Thesis specially presented for the fulfilment of the degree of Doctor in Anthropology Supervisor: Brian Juan O’Neill, Full Professor ISCTE-IUL March, 2016 School of Social Sciences Department of Anthropology Por-Tugu-Ese? The Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia. Raan-Hann Tan Thesis specially presented for the fulfilment of the degree of Doctor in Anthropology Jury: Dr. Shamsul Amri Baharuddin, Distinguished Professor, Institute of Ethnic Studies, National University of Malaysia Dr. Maria Johanna Christina Schouten, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Beira Interior Dr. Ema Cláudia Ribeiro Pires, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Évora Dr. António Fernando Gomes Medeiros, Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, ISCTE- University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL) Dr. Marisa Cristina dos Santos Gaspar, Research Fellow, Orient Institute, School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lisbon (ISCSP-UL). Dr. Brian Juan O’Neill, Full Professor, Department of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL) March, 2016 ABSTRACT Por-Tugu-Ese? The Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia Keywords: Mardijkers, Betawi, Portuguese identity, Christian village, Keroncong Tugu Although many centuries have passed since Portugal’s Age of Discoveries, enduring hybrid communities are still surviving in places where the Portuguese had been present. Portuguese identity in Malacca, Larantuka, and East Timor, for example, has always been associated with Catholicism. But in Batavia, the Portuguese-speaking population (the Mardijkers, slaves, and Burghers) was converted to Calvinism under Dutch colonization, forming the Protestant Portuguese community in Indonesia. -
Appointment in Berlin
10880 Hale_01.qxd 9/4/03 12:04 PM Page 1 PRELUDE APPOINTMENT IN BERLIN ‘If the fate [of the Nazis] lay in my hands . I would have all the intellectuals strung up, and the professors three feet higher than the rest; they would be left hanging from the lamp-posts for as long as was compatible with hygiene.’ – German-Jewish diarist Victor Klemperer, writing in August 1936 AT THE BEGINNING OF 1939, ADOLF HITLER UNVEILED HIS NEW REICHS Chancellery building in Berlin. It had been designed and built by the Führer’s protégé Albert Speer with ruthless speed, and completed, as Hitler had demanded, in less than a year. Speer promised that the new building would last a millennium, at least. Hitler was very clear about what the Chancellery had to achieve. Anyone who stepped through its soaring marble portals and gazed along its gleaming, interminable mar- ble corridors would understand instantly that they were in the presence of a Master Race destined to rule for a thousand years. Knowing that, Hitler said, they would ‘shiver and shake’. A mere six years later, the Chancellery lay in ruins; Hitler’s own charred remains smouldered nearby. Just as its millions of victims had, in Paul Celan’s words, ‘risen to the air as smoke’, the Third Reich was rubble and ashes. The Tausend-Jahr-Reich had lasted a mere twelve years and three months. At the beginning of another century, the leaden sky over Berlin is backdrop to a steel forest of cranes. Beneath their restlessly signalling arms, a new German capital is being conjured from concrete, marble, glass and steel. -
Candi, Space and Landscape
Degroot Candi, Space and Landscape A study on the distribution, orientation and spatial Candi, Space and Landscape organization of Central Javanese temple remains Central Javanese temples were not built anywhere and anyhow. On the con- trary: their positions within the landscape and their architectural designs were determined by socio-cultural, religious and economic factors. This book ex- plores the correlations between temple distribution, natural surroundings and architectural design to understand how Central Javanese people structured Candi, Space and Landscape the space around them, and how the religious landscape thus created devel- oped. Besides questions related to territory and landscape, this book analyzes the structure of the built space and its possible relations with conceptualized space, showing the influence of imported Indian concepts, as well as their limits. Going off the beaten track, the present study explores the hundreds of small sites that scatter the landscape of Central Java. It is also one of very few stud- ies to apply the methods of spatial archaeology to Central Javanese temples and the first in almost one century to present a descriptive inventory of the remains of this region. ISBN 978-90-8890-039-6 Sidestone Sidestone Press Véronique Degroot ISBN: 978-90-8890-039-6 Bestelnummer: SSP55960001 69396557 9 789088 900396 Sidestone Press / RMV 3 8 Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden CANDI, SPACE AND LANDscAPE Sidestone Press Thesis submitted on the 6th of May 2009 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Leiden University. Supervisors: Prof. dr. B. Arps and Prof. dr. M.J. Klokke Referee: Prof. dr. J. Miksic Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde No. -
Bhutan – Sikkim – Darjeeling ”Himalayas Gömda Juveler”
SWED-ASIA TRAVELS Bhutan – Sikkim – Darjeeling ”Himalayas gömda juveler” Punakha Dzong, Bhutan Sikkim och Bhutan är exotiska resmål belägna i Himalaya med var för sig en unik kultur och väl bevarade traditioner. Denna resa tar er fram på bitvis höga höjder, genom vackert landskap, vyer över snöklädda berg och där ni upplever genuina miljöer. Respekten för landets mäktiga natur präglar folket som lever utmed sluttningarna av världens högsta bergsmassiv, till en ödmjukhet du sällan mött. På din resa möter du hinduismen och buddhismen, traditioner från mytologi och en modern nutid. Bhutan – bevarandet landets natur och unika kultur har högsta prioritet och de flesta invånare följer den buddhistiska religionens påbud. Bhutan är ”lyckans land” där bruttonationallycka mäts istället för bruttonationalprodukt. Sikkim & Darjeeling beläget i nordöstra Indien ger dig vackra vyer över teodlingar, blommande dalar och snöklädda berg. Här råder ett lugn bortom Indiens vanligtvis kaotiska miljöer. Här odlas även det svarta teet som kallas teernas Champagne. Dag 01. Ankomst New Delhi Ankomst till New Delhi flygplats där ni möts av Swed-Asia Travels lokala representant för transport till inbokat hotell. Dag för avkoppling, alternativt stadsrundtur om tid medges. Övernattning på hotell i Delhi Dag 02. New Delhi – Paro - Thimphu Ni hämtas från hotellet för transfer till flygplatsen och flyg med Druk Air till Paro i Bhutan. Flygresan ger er den mest spektakulära vy man kan tänka sig med Himalayamassivet och världens högsta berg synliga på nära håll… På Paro flygplats i Bhutan väntar er egen lokala guide & chaufför för transport (ca två timmar genom vacker och unik miljö) till Thimphu där ni checkar in på hotell. -
CONTRIBUTIONS to the FLORA of BHUTAN: Henry J. Noltie Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh June, 2000
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE FLORA OF BHUTAN: THE MONOCOTYLEDONS A collection of papers submitted to the University of Edinburgh for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (by Research Publication) Henry J. Noltie Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh June, 2000 Abstract The published work submitted for consideration for the degree of Ph.D. (by Research Publication) consists of two parts of the Flora of Bhutan, describing the monocotyledons (some 942 species) with the exception of Orchidaceae. Together with these are ten precursor papers relating to these parts of the Flora: the papers include descriptions of new species, nomenclatural discussion (including typifications) and phytogeographic information. The critical review gives the historical background for the whole Flora project, together with the methods used in my own contribution and some of my more interesting findings. An enumeration of new taxa described, and new combinations made, is given in an appendix. CONTENTS Introduction 1 What is a Flora? 2 Brief outline of Bhutan 3 Flora of Bhutan: the history of the project 5 Funding 13 Storage of data 13 Illustrations 14 Biogeography 14 Introduced and cultivated plants 17 History of exploration 18 My own work 28 Fieldwork for monocots 33 Practical uses of the Flora: examples from the monocots 35 The future 36 Conclusions 38 Acknowledgements 39 References 40 Appendix 1. Publications submitted for Ph.D. 46 Appendix 2. New taxa and combinations 48 Appendix 3. Floristic elements in Gramineae 50 Appendix 4. Contributing authors and artists 51 CRITICAL REVIEW Introduction This 'critical review' is supposed to describe the aims, objectives, methodology, results and conclusions of the published work submitted. -
Annexure 1 Buddhist Cultural Trails
ANNEXURE 1 BUDDHIST CULTURAL TRAILS There are many routes which are a part of Cultural Trails linking South Asia internally and externally. There are routes of pilgrims to visit the important Buddhist sites associated with the Sakyamuni Buddha, monks who went in search of Buddhist texts and information, construction of Buddhist temples due to the prosperity of trade routes, etc. Some of these routes are based on information provided by Dr. Roland Silva in his Keynote address at the SAARC International Conference on “Archaeology of Buddhism Recent Discoveries in South Asia” held from 22nd to 24th August 2012. There are many Buddhist Cultural Trails within Member State yet to be identified and the well-known BCTs include the following: 1. The paths of the Buddha – Lumbini (Nepal), Bodh Gaya, Saranath and Kusinara (India). 2. Sites of Relics of Buddha – Ramagrama (Nepal), Rajagriha, Vaishali, Kapilavastu, Allakappa, Vethadipaka, Pava, Kusinara and Pipphalavana (India). 3. The way of Arahat Mahinda – Pataliputra, Sanchi (India), Mihintale and Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka). 4. The path of Theri Sanghamitta – Pataliputra, Bodh Gaya, Tamralipti (India), Dambakolapatuna, Tivakka Bamunu Grama, Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka). 5. The Fa Xian (Fa Hsien) Route – Chang’an, Dunhuang, Karashar, Khotan (Xinjiang Province, P.R. of China), Udyana, Peshawar (Pakistan), Nagarahara (Afghanistan), Punjab, Mathura, Sankissa, Sravasti, Kapilavastu, Vaisali, Magadh, Rajagriha, Bodh Gaya, Varanasi, Pataliputra, Tamralipti (India), Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka), Jiaozhou, Nanjing, Chang’an (China). 6. The Xuanzang (Hsuan Tsang) Route – Chang’an, Kuche (P.R. of China), Kapisa, Balkh, Bamiyan, Nagarahara (Afghanistan), Maniyakkala, Udyana, Taxila (Pakistan), Jalandhar, Kanyakubja, Ayodhya, Sravasti, Kapilavastu, Kusinara, Varanasi, Vaisali, Pataliputra, Bodh Gaya, Rajagriha, Nalanda (India), Samatata, Karnasuvarna (Bangladesh), Tamralipti, Kanchipuram, Konkan, Maharastra, Malwa (India), frontiers of Persia and Nalanda.