Activities for New Runway Surface Condition Assessment
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THE FOURTH MEETING OF THE AERODROMES OPERATIONS AND PLANNING WORKING GROUP (AOP/WG/4) Activities for new Runway Surface Condition Assessment Presented by Japan Civil Aviation Bureau Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Ｃｏｎｃｅｐｔ of new RWY surface condition assessment • Runway Condition Code (RWYCC) • Runway Condition Description • Slippery when wet has an assigned RWYCC • Runway Condition Assessment Matrix (RCAM) • Pilot Report of Braking Action is important • Globally harmonized NOTAM (SNOWTAM) format RCAM Snowy area Rishiri Wakkanai 45°N MLIT managed Airport （20） Rebun Monbetsu Local government managed Airport （65） Memanbetsu Company managed Airport （4） Asahikawa Nakashibetsu Civil - Military joint Airport （8） Sapporo Kushiro Obihiro New-Chitose Okushiri Hakodate Aomori Odate-Noshiro Misawa Hanamaki Sea of Japan Akita Shonai Yamagata Sendai Sado Niigata Fukushima Noto Toyama Komatsu Hyakuri Oki Matsumoto Tokyo-Narita Tottori Chofu Tokyo-Haneda Izumo Yonago Nagoya 35°N Hiroshima Tajima Shizuoka Okayama Tsushima Iki Iwami Osaka Chubu-Centrair Oshima konan * Kobe Yamaguchi-Ube Yao Niijima Iwakuni Takamatsu Kitakyushu Kansai Kozushima Matsuyama Tokushima Ojika Fukuoka Miyakejima Kochi Nanki-Shirahama kamigoto Nagasaki Saga Oita Pacific ocean * oitakenoh Fukue Hachijyojima Kumamoto Amakusa * Miyazaki Kagoshima Tokunoshima Amami-oshima Okinoerabu Kikaijima Yoron Kumejima Naha Yakushima Tanegashima 26°N4 Shimojijima Kita-Daitou Miyako Ishigaki Minami-Daito Yonaguni Current practice Airport Snow/ice inspection • Mean depth of snow • Type of snow • Braking action by measuring device Surface friction • Coverage etc. Bowmonk AFM2 Tapley meter tester(SFT) NOTAM example AIS 160131 RJAAYNYX Braking Action (0162/16 NOTAMR 0161/16 Q)RJJJ/QQSIC/IV/M/A/000/999/ Good 1 A)RJCH B)1601160131 C)UFN Medium to Good 2 E)S/I COND AS OF 1601160112 RUNWAY 12/30 TWY AND APN CONDITION Medium 3 ATC ←A section A2 B1 C3 D5 Medium to Poor 4 AL FLT E2 F1 G1 H4 ←B section I2 J1 K1 L3 ←C section Poor 5 Ops M2 N2 O2 Very Poor 6 P2 Q3 R4 W3 RMKS 1)A.3MM B.1MM C.1MM 2)P5,P6...............1 P4..................3 P2,P3,T3 THRU T7....5 T1,T2,P1............6 3)31/95/95 ←μ value SURFACE FRICTION TESTER) ←Type of device Study Group Winter airport operation study group established in 2012 for the purpose of • Conduct TALPA/ARC trial (simulation-based) • Identify issues when implementing RWYCC assignment procedures through analysis of the converted data from current practice • Develop optimal runway condition assessment procedures and training manual in Japan Participants: JCAB (Airport, ATS, AIS, ACFT-OPS) Aircraft operator (Japan airlines, All Nippon Airways etc.) Airport operator TALPA/ARC Trial in 2015 (JAN 1 ～ MAR 31) Participated RWY Operating Aircraft Airport (all grooved) 45°N Aomori/RJSA 3000×60m B738､DHC8､CRJ200､E170/175 Odatenoshiro/RJSR 2000×45m A320､B738 Hanamaki/RJSI 2500×45m CRJ200､E170/175 Akita/RJSK 2500×60m B767､B738､CRJ200､DHC8 Shonai/RJSY 2000×45m A320､B738 Aomori Odatenoshiro Yamagata/RJSI 2000×45m E170､CRJ Akita Hanamaki Shonai Toyama/RJNT 2000×45m B787､B767､B737､A321､A319 Yamagata Toyama 35°N 26°N TALPA/ARC Trial Procedures Airport operator Airline/Pilot ATS Snow & ice condition NOTAM Pilot B/A with RWY B/A Study Group • Convert to RWYCC • Comparison between RWY B/A and RWYCC • Comparison between Pilot B/A and RWYCC • Data analysis Total Airport report at 2015 trial 618 Total Pilot B/A report at 2015 trial 147 Akita Airport （195 airport reports） TYPE OF SNOW NR of Report Depth of SN NR DRY SNOW 267 Up to and including 3mm 525 WET SNOW 267 More than 3mm 33 DRY SNOW& 27 COMPACTED SNOW * The number derived from the condition of each runway third ICE 24 Correlation between RWY BA and RWYCC RWYCC 5 4 3 2 1 0 RWY BA A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C Ｇ 144 145 137 8 8 10 8 8 8 ＭＧ 8 10 12 2 1 2 Ｍ 12 11 15 3 5 2 ＭＰ 3 1 3 1 3 3 Ｐ 6 3 3 ＶＰ SLUSH 計 167 167 167 20 20 20 8 8 8 In case of depth of snow with up to including 3mm, 15% of RWY BA is worse than “Good” When converted RWYCC is “5”, 15% of RWY BA is worse than “Good” When converted RWYCC is “3”, 32% of RWY BA is worse than “Medium” Akita Airport (55 pilot BA reports) Correlation between Pilot BA and RWY BA and RWYCC Downgrade Upgrade Pilot BA NR RWY BA/NR Type snow & depth RWY CC requirement 38 Dry, Wet snow 1 - 2mm 5 G 3 Compacted snow 1 – 2mm 3 46 Ice (coverage at or less Upgrade Good 1 than 20% 1 MG 3 Dry, Wet snow 2mm 5 M 1 Dry 1mm 5 Good to Medium 1 MG 1 Wet snow 2mm 5 G 3 Dry, Wet snow 1 – 3mm 5 Downgrade MG 1 Wet snow 3mm 5 Downgrade Medium 7 MG 1 Dry snow 4mm 3 M 2 Dry snow 2 – 3mm 5 Downgrade Medium to Poor Poor 1 P 1 Wet snow 5mm 3 Downgrade Less than Poor *RWY BA is worst BA of each RWY third Pilot BA reports which are worse than what the pilot may be expecting・・・7 reports Odatenoshiro Airport (83 airport reports) TYPE OF SNOW NR of Report Depth of SN NR DRY SNOW 183 Up to and including 3mm 246 More than 3mm 3 WET SNOW 63 COMPACTED SNOW 3 * The number derived from the condition of each runway third Correlation between RWY BA and RWYCC 5 4 3 2 1 0 A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C Ｇ 54 54 55 2 2 2 ＭＧ 7 7 4 Ｍ 7 7 18 ＭＰ 2 4 3 1 1 1 Ｐ 2 1 ＶＰ SLUSH 計 72 72 81 3 3 3 In case of depth of snow with up to including 3mm, 32% of RWY BA is worse than “Good” When converted RWYCC is “5”, 28% of RWY BA is worse than “Good” When converted RWYCC is “3”, 33% of RWY BA is worse than “Medium” Odatenoshiro Airport (42 pilot BA reports) Correlation between Pilot BA and RWY BA and RWYCC Downgrade Upgrade Pilot BA NR RWY BA/NR Type snow & depth RWY CC requirement Dry, Wet snow 1 - 2mm 5 Good 29 G 29 Compacted snow 1mm 3 G 3 Dry snow 1 - 2mm 5 Downgrade Good to Medium 5 Dry snow 2mm Downgrade M 2 Wet snow1mm 5 MG 1 Dry snow 1mm 5 Downgrade Medium 6 Wet snow 3mm M 5 Dry snow 1mm 5 Downgrade Medium to Poor 1 MG 1 Dry snow 1mm 5 Downgrade Poor 1 M 1 Dry snow 1mm 3 Downgrade Less than Poor *RWY BA is worst BA of each RWY third Pilot BA reports which are worse than what the pilot may be expecting・・・13 reports Summary ‘type of snow’ Aomori Oodatenoshiro Hanamaki Akita Shonai Yamagata Type of snow Nr Toyama DRY S/N 931 WET S/N 847 COMPACTED S/N 299 ICE 33 SLUSH 31 DRY & COMPACTED 27 WET & COMPACTED 12 Summary ‘depth, type of snow, RWY BA’ RWY BA up to and including 3mm depth 「G」 「MG」 「M」 「MP」 「P」 「VP」 DRY 713 47 90 17 3 - WET 691 38 30 10 2 - COMPACTED 275 16 5 - - - DRY & COMPACTED 25 2 1 - - - WET & COMPACTED 3 - 2 1 - - DRY､WET SNOW ： 82～90％「Good」, 10-18% worse than「Good」 COMPACTED etc. ： 92％「Good」, 8% worse than「Good」 RWY BA more than 3mm depth 「G」 「MG」 「M」 「MP」 「P」 「VP」 DRY 16 7 15 11 8 - WET - 2 - 1 - - COMPACTED 14 9 13 7 11 - DRY & COMPACTED - - - - - - WET & COMPACTED 1 2 3 - - - DRY SNOW ： 41％ at or better than「Medium to Good」, 33% worse than 「Medium」 COMPACTED etc. ： 43％ at or better than「Medium to Good」, 30% worse than 「Medium」 Summary ‘RWY BA & RWYCC’ RWY BA converted RWYCC Summary ‘ RWY BA at converted RWYCC’ 「SLUSH」3 No RWY BA Summary ‘ Pilot BA at converted RWYCC *RWYCC is worst RWYCC of each RWY thirds Pilot BA at converted RWYCC RWYCC「5」 better 20% of Pilot BA is worse than what the pilot may be expecting 10(7%) worse RWYCC「3」 30(20%) 11% of Pilot BA is worse than what the pilot may be expecting RWYCC「1」 Contamination is ice with 20% coverage. equivalent Totally 73% of Pilot BA and what the pilot may be expecting matches 20% of Pilot BA is worse than what the pilot may be expecting 7% of Pilot BA is better than what the pilot may be expecting Recent serious incident Overrun RWY excursion Shonai Airport (RJSY) Hanamaki AP (RJSI) Dec.8 2012 PM 22:26 Dec.25 2012 PM 17:20 Type: Boeing 737-800 Type: Bombardier CL600 RWY: 2000×45m RWY: 2500×45m Last RWY COND Last RWY COND A: wet snow 2mm B/A G ALL area wet snow 10mm B/A P B: wet snow 2mm B/A G Inspection time 16:18 C: wet snow 2mm B/A G Inspection time 22:07 issues Is it enough? • How should we deal with RWY friction measurement? • How is the first flyer going without pilot BA? • Will airport operator be able to assess runway surface condition adequately? etc. Study Group task list & schedule Task Time scale Develop domestic runway surface condition assessment procedures 2018 Q3 Develop domestic friction measurement approval standards 2019 Q1 Develop training manual 2018 Q3 NOTAM system modification (AIS, Airlines) (proposed) 2020 Q2 Application of minimum friction level TBD Others ・・・ 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Develop relevant domestic applicable rules & guidance Training for airport operator Trial Thank you for your attention !.