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Anexo Túmulo De Panehesy-TA 6.Pdf Túmulo de Panehesy (TA 6) 7, 8 – Em cima: Recompensa de Panehesy. Em baixo: Aclamação da escolta e dos familiares. Pl. X, XI (sup.) 9 – Em cima: A família real adorando Aton. Panehesy e subalternos transportam oferendas. Em baixo: O funcionário é recebido pela escolta e pelos carros. Pls. XII, XI (inf.). 10, 11 – A família real sai do palácio com a sua escolta. Pls. XIII – XVII. 12, 13 – Visita real ao templo de Aton. Pls. XVIII, XIX, V (inf. dir.). 14 – O casal régio adorando Aton. Pls. XX, XXI, V (inf.). Colunas. Pl. IV (inf.). Arquitraves. Pls. IV (b-f), V (centro), XXI (sup.). Entrada da câmara interior 15, 16 – Entrada, lintel. Panehesy adorando as cartelas de Aton. Ombreiras: Petições funerárias. Pls. XXI, XXVI (sup.). 17 – Espessura. O funcionário e a filha. Pls. XXII, XXVII (centro). Capela 18 – O funcionário e a família partilham uma refeição e recebem um ramo de flores das mãos Fachada de um servo. Pl. XXIII. 1, 2 – Lintel. A família real adorando Aton. Pls. V 19 – Estátua sentada do defunto, actualmente (sup.), VI (esq. e dir.). removida. Entrada e Vestíbulo exterior 3 – Espessura. A família real adorando Aton. Na base Panehesy entoa um hino. Pls. VII, XXVII (dir.). 4 – O rei com um incensório e a rainha com um ramo, adorando Aton. Na base Panehesy entoa um hino. Pls. VIII, XXVII (esq.). Vestíbulo exterior 5,6 – Lintel. Panehesy, ajoelhado, adora as cartelas de Aton. Ombreiras: Petições funerárias. Pls. V (médio inf.), IX (esq. e dir.) Fig. 1 − Planta do túmulo de Panehesy. Distribuição das cenas ao longo do túmulo. Equivalência entre a classificação usada (Porter e Moss, TBAE, vol. IV, p. 210) e a classificação de Davies, RTEA, vol. II,. Pl. II. 1 2. Cargos bAk n nb tAwy m pr-Itn bAk tpy n Itn m pr-Itn m Axt-Itn Sacerdote do senhor das Duas Terras, Sumo sacerdote de Aton1, na Casa de Aton, na Casa de Aton em Akhetaton Hm-nTr nw 2 n nb tAwy Nfr-xprw-Ra Wa-n-Ra di anx Segundo sacerdote do senhor das Duas Terras, Neferkheperuré-Uaenré, dotado de vida, sDAw bity Im(y)-r iwAty n Itn Chanceler do rei do Baixo-Egipto Superintendente dos bois de Aton Im(y)-r Snwty m Axt-Itn Superintendente do Duplo Celeiro, em Akhetaton2 3. Breves notas sobre a sua arquitectura. Cenas O túmulo foi escavado na base da encosta com um declive agudo. Recebeu, posteriormente, uma comunidade copta. Este facto e a posterior acção dos morcegos contribuíram para a sua deterioração3. Entrada O interior segue o ideal egípcio, proporcionando um conjunto de três câmaras, fig. 3. 1 À primeira vista parece tratar-se de um título semelhante ao do sumo-sacerdote de Amon, − Hm-nTr tpy n Imn − mas o seu homólogo de Aton, Meriré, era nomeado, por analogia com o clero de Heliópolis: wr mAw n pA Itn m pr Itn m Axt-Itn, «Grande dos Videntes de Aton na Casa de Aton em Akhetaton». O termo bAk tem o significado de «servidor», bAk tpy seria, portanto, «chefe dos servidores», mas que servidores? Embora tenha sido, como Meriré, sDAw bity, «chanceler do rei do Baixo-Egipto», os outros cargos de Panehesy são relativamente modestos e não parece ter exercido o sumo sacerdócio. Mais interessante é o seu título de. Hm-nTr nw 2 n nb tAwy Nfr-xprw-Ra Wa-n-Ra di anx, «Segundo sacerd-ote do senhor das Duas Terras, Neferkheperuré-Uaenré, dotado de vida». Parece indicar que Akhenaton era objecto de culto, em Amarna, e tinha um corpo de sacerdotes para o realizar. 2 Para os títulos 5 e 6, ver DAVIES, op. cit., Pl. IV. 3 DAVIES, Norman de G., RTEA, vol. II, p. 9. 2 Fig. 3 − Secção longitudinal do túmulo de Panehesy, DAVIEs, RTEA, vol. II, Pl. III-a. A parede exterior tem um lugar para reunião e culto, uma câmara interior contendo o lugar do enterro e uma pequena capela4. A primeira câmara é uma sala cuja largura excede por pouco a profundidade mas um grosseiro alargamento da parte mais baixa devindo à ocupação copta alterou muito o plano primitivo. A sala estava dividida por duas filas de duas colunas cada, deixando livre um largo espaço entre as duas. As paredes estavam aptas a receber a decoração excepto no lado norte onde duas falsas portas ocupavam metade do espaço. O sítio onde o portal, agora destruído, tinha essa estátua é impossível de determinar. O seu congénere só foi escavado até se verificar a ocorrência de uma fissura natural e todo o canto foi abandonado, incluindo a escultura nas paredes adjacentes. O projecto da sala foi ainda mais desfigurado pela construção de uma série e de degraus que dão par uma grosseira câmara funerária, logo abaixo do chão., fig.1 As colunas. Cada um dos oito feixes de papiro que a coluna representa está dividido acima das folhas de revestimento em quatro ramos, fig. 45. Fig. 4 − Da esquerda para a direita: colunas do sul, lado oeste. Legendas dos ábacos e colunas da parede ocidental. DAVIEs, RTEA, vol. II, Pl. IV-a. Os detalhes das colunas na face W são interrompidos por um espaço vazio6. O dispositivo destas tabletes é semelhante ao dos lintéis das portas de entrada excepto que aqui há um espaço 4 DAVIES, Norman de G., RTEA, vol. II, p. 9. 5 DAVIES, Norman de G., RTEA, vol. II, p. 10. 3 debaixo das cartelas que é ocupado por um desenho representando o sema-taui (Pl. IV). As colunas foram grandemente mutiladas e das que foram destruídas só ficou o ábaco7. Fig. 5 − Inscrição das colunas do norte e do sul. DAVIEs, RTEA, vol. II, Pl. IV-c. No centro estão os protocolos habituais de Akhenaton e de Nefertiti. Em baixo, sob o signo pt, «céu», uma composição que envolve o signo smA, «unir», e o Alto e o Baixo Egipto, representados pelas suas plantas, respectivamente sSn, «lótus» e e wAD, «papiro». À esquerda 1 iAw n.k pA Itn anx nb nHH ir Dt Louvores a ti, ó Aton vivo, senhor da continuidade e fazedor da eternidade! 2 di.i iAw n Wa-n-Ra shtp.i 6 DAVIES, Norman de G., RTEA, vol. II, p. 10. 7 DAVIES, Norman de G., RTEA, vol. II, p. 11. 4 Presto louvores a Uaenré e propicio 3 pA HqA nfr in bAk-tpy n Itn PAnhsy mAa-xrw o bom soberano. Pelo chefe dos sacerdotes8 de Aton, Panehesy, justificado. À direita 4 iAw n.k pA Itn anx nb nHH ir Dt Louvores a ti, ó Aton vivo, que ilumina as Duas Terras com a sua beleza e ao ka do rei. Tu és 5 Wa-n-Ra sA pA Itn anx wDA snb Xrt m Xrt-hrw nt ra-nb Uaenré, filho do Aton − vida prosperidade e saúde (sobre) os (seus) deveres quo- tidianos − 9 6 in bAk-tpy n Itn PAnhsy mAa-xrw o bom soberano. Pelo chefe dos sacerdotes de Aton, Panehesy, justificado. Lintel da porta exterior (Pl. V) Os painéis superiores mostram o rei com a coroa do Norte, à esquerda, e a coroa do Sul, à direita. Nos painéis inferiores, usa a cora kheprech. O par real levanta nas suas mãos oferendas que estão sobre mesas diante deles. Parecem estar unicamente acompanhados por Meritaton10. 8 Lit. «servos de Aton». Título equivalente a Hmw-nTr entre os sacerdotes de Amon. 9 Trata-se de uma reconstrução textual paralela à de DAVIES. O original está deteriorado e só é possível distinguir algo que parece ser a parte superior do signo T28. 10 DAVIES, Norman de G., RTEA, vol. II, p. 13. 5 O lintel mostra uma representação do mesmo assunto que, por razões de simetria é repetido com ligeiras variações de ambos os lados de uma mesa de oferendas central que recebe os benfazejos raios de Aton (fig. 5). Fig. 5 − Lintel da entrada, Pl.V. À esquerda eles oferecem incenso e à direita fazem uma libação. Os protocolos de Aton e do casal régio estão inscritos na região superior. As três princesas mais velhas agitam sistros atrás da mãe e são escoltadas por dois portadores de guarda-sóis e duas flabelíferas. Um casal de anões segue a irmã da rainha (estão representados duas vezes no túmulo de Ay e, aparentemente, no de Tutu). Os seus grandiloquentes nomes puderam ser recuperados do túmulo de Ay e são: TAty Hmt-nsw wr(t) nHH «Vizir da grande esposa real, para sempre» e TAty mwt.f pA Ra, «Ré é o vizir de sua mãe». A sua dona é unicamente designada como snt Hmt-nsw (wrt ) Nfr-nfrw-Itn Nfrt-ity anx ti Dt nHH, «Irmã da grande esposa real, Neferneferuaton Nefertiti, que ela viva eternamente e para sempre11 Protocolo de Aton 7 11 Não está nomeada. Conhece-se apenas uma irmã de Nefertiti a qual é referida, por exemplo, no túmulo de Ay, com o seguinte protocolo: snt Hmt-nsw wrt Nfr-nfrw-Itn Nfrt-ity anx ti Dt nHH MwtnDmt Irmã da grande esposa real, Neferneferuaton Nefertiti, que ela viva eternamente e para sempre, Mutnedjemet. 6 anx Ra-@r-Axty Hay m Axt m rn.f (m) Sw nty m Itn «Viva Ré-Horakhti, que rejubila no horizonte, no seu nome de “A luz que está no disco solar”», 8 Di anx Dt Itn anx wr imy Hb-sdw dotado de vida eternamente. Aton vivo e grande, o que está em jubileus, 9 nb Snw nb Itn nb pt nb tA senhor de tudo o que está no circuito (de) Aton, senhor do céu, senhor da terra 10 m pr-Itn m Axt-Itn na casa de Aton em Akhetaton Protocolos reais 11 nsw-bit(y) Nfr-xprw-Ra Wa-n-Ra di anx Rei do Alto e do Baixo-Egipto, Neferkheperuré-Uaenré, dotado de vida e 12 nsw-bit(y) anx m mAat nb tAwy Nfr-xprw-Ra Wa-n-Ra di anx 7 Rei do Alto e do Baixo-Egipto, que vive em maet, senhor das Duas Terras Nefer-kheperuré-Uaenré, dotado de vida 15 sA Ra Ax-n-Itn aA m aHa(w).f filho de Ré, Akhenaton, grande no seu tempo de vida.
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