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Umumiy O'rta Ta'lim Maktablarining 6-Sinfi UMUMIY O‘RTA TA’LIM MAKTABLARINING 6- SINFI UCHUN DARSLIK O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Xalq ta’limi vazirligi tasdiqlagan Qayta ishlangan va to‘ldirilgan to‘rtinchi nashri «TASVIR» NASHRIYOT UYI TOSHKENT — 2017 UO‘K: 811.512.133(075) KBK 81.2O‘zb-922 O-58 Mualliflar guruhi: N. MAHMUDOV, A. NURMONOV A. SOBIROV, D. NABIYEVA SHARTLI BELGILAR: — iqtidorli o‘quvchilar uchun mo‘ljallangan mashqlar — savol va topshiriqlar Respublika maqsadli kitob jamg‘armasi mablag‘lari hisobidan ijara uchun chop etildi. Ushbu nashrga doir barcha huquqlar muhofaza qilinadi va nashriyotga tegishlidir. Undagi matn va rasmlarni nashriyot roziligisiz to‘liq yoki qisman ko‘chirib bosish taqiqlanadi. ISBN 978-9943-4003-0-6 © «TASVIR» NASHRIYOT UYI, 2005 © «TASVIR» NASHRIYOT UYI, 2009, 2013, 2017 2 O‘ZBEKISTONDA DAVLAT TILI VA BOSHQA TILLARNING RIVOJI 1-mashq. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining «Davlat tili haqida»gi Qonu- nidan olingan bandlarni o‘qib, ular haqida suhbatlashing. 1-modda. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining davlat tili o‘zbek tilidir. 2-modda. O‘zbek tiliga davlat tili maqomining berilishi respublika hududida yashovchi millat va elatlarning o‘z ona tilini qo‘llashdan iborat konstitutsiyaviy huquqlariga monelik qilmay- di. 24-modda. O‘zbekiston Respublikasida davlat tiliga yoki boshqa tillarga mensimay yoki xusumat bilan qarash taqiqlana- di. 2-mashq. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Birinchi Prezidenti I. Karimovning «Yuksak ma’naviyat — yengilmas kuch» kitobidan olingan parchani o‘qing va mazmunini so‘zlab bering. Ma’lumki, o‘zlikni anglash, milliy ong va tafakkurning ifodasi, avlodlar o‘rtasidagi ruhiy-ma’naviy bog‘liqlik til orqali namoyon bo‘ladi. Jamiki ezgu fazilatlar inson qalbiga, avvalo, ona allasi, ona tilining betakror jozibasi bilan singadi. Ona tili bu — millatning ruhidir. ...Nihoyat, 1989-yilning 19-oktabr kuni bu o‘ta muhim masala Oliy Kengash sessiyasi muhokamasiga qo‘yildi. Va qariyb bir yarim asrlik qaramlikdan so‘ng mamlakatimizda o‘zbek tili davlat tili deb e’lon qilindi. Xalqimizning muqaddas qadriyat- laridan biri bo‘lmish ona tilimiz o‘zining qonuniy maqomi va himoyasiga ega bo‘ldi. Bu Vatanimiz tarixida tom ma’nodagi buyuk voqea edi. ...1992-yil 7-dekabrda qabul qilingan O‘zbekiston Respub- likasi Konstitutsiyasida davlat tilining maqomi huquqiy jihatdan aniq belgilanib, mustahkamlab qo‘yildi. Shu tariqa o‘zbek tili mustaqil davlatimizning bayrog‘i, gerbi, madhiyasi, Konsti- tutsiyasi qatorida turadigan, qonun yo‘li bilan himoya qilina- digan muqaddas timsollaridan biriga aylandi. 3 3-mashq. Quyida berilgan so‘zlarni ikki guruhga ajratib yozing. Birinchi guruhga o‘zbek tiliga qarindosh bo‘lgan, ikkinchi guruhga esa qarindosh bo‘lmagan tillarni joylashtiring. Rus, ingliz, qozoq, fransuz, tojik, qirg‘iz, uyg‘ur, qoraqal- poq, xitoy, tatar, hind, arab, koreys, ukrain. 4-mashq. Maqollarni ko‘chiring. Ularda ilgari surilgan g‘oya to‘g‘risida so‘zlab bering. 1. Ovqatni tuz mazali qiladi, odamni — so‘z. 2. Til — aql o‘lchovi. 3. Yaxshi so‘z — yurakka malham, yomon so‘z — yurakka g‘am. 4. Tilingda bo‘lsa boling, kulib turar iqboling. 5-mashq. Uyga vazifa. Boshqotirmada yashiringan xalqlarning nomlarini toping. Ular haqida bilganlaringizni o‘rtoqlaringizga so‘zlab bering. 5 3 4 2 1 1. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi tarkibiga respublika sifatida kir- gan xalq nomi. 2. Volga daryosi bo‘ylarida yashovchi turkiy xalq nomi. 3. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining shimolidagi davlatda yashovchi xalq nomi. 4. Issiqko‘l bo‘ylarida yashovchi turkiy xalq nomi. 5. Hozirda Xitoy Xalq Respublikasida yashovchi turkiy xalq nomi. 4 5-SINFDA O‘TILGANLARNI TAKRORLASH UNLI TOVUSHLAR 1. Unli tovushlar deb qanday tovushlarga aytiladi? 2. O‘zbek tilidagi unli tovushlarni ayting va ularga tavsif bering. 3. Bilim, tuzish, o‘lka, odam so‘zlari tarkibida kelgan unli tovushlarni aniqlab, izohlang. 6-mashq. Matnni o‘qing. Tushirib qoldirilgan unli tovushlarni o‘rniga qo‘ying. Onalar haqida fikrlashing. M...na, q...yosh k...tarildi. Ona haykal... yog‘d...lar ich...da oft...bday porl...b tur...bdi. Yurtimizda faqat bizning zamonamiz- dagina ayolga, onaga h...ykal qo‘yildi. Unga, on...ga, but...n dunyo ta’zim qilsa arz...ydi. (E. Oxunova) 7-mashq. Maqollarni ko‘chiring. So‘zlar tarkibida kelgan unli tovushlarga tavsif bering. Ulardagi g‘oya haqida bahslashing. 1. Aql ko‘pga yetkazadi, hunar — ko‘kka. 2. O‘qish yaxshi, uqish undan ham yaxshi. 3. Yomonlikning oxiri — voy. 4. Mehnat- da sinalgan — elda aziz. 5. So‘z doriga o‘xshaydi — ortiqchasi zarar keltiradi. 8-mashq. Nuqtalar o‘rniga unli tovushlarni qo‘yib, turli xil so‘zlarni hosil qiling va ular ishtirokida gaplar tuzing. Z...r, q...l, t...p, b...l, t...z, m...l, k...r, q...y, d...l, t...r. 9-mashq. Unli tovushlari tushirib qoldirilgan hikmatli so‘zni o‘qing va undagi unlilarni izohlang. tlhsrnngnd st k p 10-mashq. Uyga vazifa. Yodlagan she’ringizdan bir misra yozing. Unli tovushlarga izoh bering. 5 UNDOSH TOVUSHLAR 1. Undosh tovushlarning hosil bo‘lishini tushuntirib be- ring. 2. Lab undoshlari qaysilar? 3. Til undoshlari deb qanday undoshlarga aytiladi? 4. «B», «p», «d», «t» undoshlari ishtirokida so‘zlar tuzing. 5. Jarangli undoshlarga tavsif bering. 6. Jarangsiz undoshlarni izohlang. 7. Undoshlar imlosi haqida so‘zlab bering. 11-mashq. Matnni o‘qing. Undoshlarni lab undoshlari, til un- doshlari va bo‘g‘iz undoshiga ajrating. Matndan olgan taassurotingiz haqida gapirib bering. Yarim soatlardan keyin ona ayiq inidan chiqdi... Shunda Islom rejissorning miltiqqa qo‘l cho‘zayotganini ko‘rdi. — Nima qilmoqchisiz?! — dedi. — Menga qarang, shuni siz otib bering menga, — dedi u. — Terisi juda kerak. — Mehmon, siz meni bilmaysiz... Mening otam ham, onam ham, do‘stim ham mana shu tabiat. Meni tog‘ shaydosi, dey- dilar. Bu xayolni boshingizdan chiqaring! (Sh. Xolmirzayev) 12-mashq. Hikmatli so‘zlarni o‘qing. Ulardagi g‘oya haqida bahslashing. Undosh tovushlarni jadvalga joylashtiring. 1. Yer — dehqonning joni, suv — qoni. 2. Yerni siylaganni el siylaydi. 3. Yer — xazina, suv — oltin. 4. Yer egasi bo‘lma, mehnat egasi bo‘l. 5. Yer ochganning baxti ochilar. 6. Mehnat — rohat va farog‘atning kaliti. Til orqa Chuqur til orqa Tiil oldi undoshi Til o‘rta undosh undoshi undoshi 13-mashq. v, g, n, r, t, f, ch undoshlari ishtirokida so‘zlar hosil qiling. Namuna: Vatan, gul, non, archa, baxt, fikr, chiroyli. 6 14-mashq. Xato berilgan so‘zlarni aniqlang, ularni imlo qoi- dalariga mos ravishda ko‘chiring, undosh tovushlarga e’tibor bering. Ona tilining inson hayotidagi o‘rni haqida fikrlashing. Jahonda nimaiki oq bo‘lsa, unga ona suti timsol; nimaiki jo‘shqin bo‘lsa, unga ham ona mehri timsol; nimaiki chidamli, sabr-toqatli bo‘sa, ona irodasi timsol; kimki pok muhabbat, mehri daryolik da’vo qisa, onaning pok qalbi timsol. Shu bois biz har vaqt onaga nisbat berip «ona yurtim», «ona tilim» deymiz. (O. Alimardonova, Q. Nazarov) 15-mashq. Uyga vazifa. Rasm asosida «Mustaqillik bayramida» mavzusida matn tuzing. Unda ishlatilgan undoshlarni izohlang. O‘ZBEK ALIFBOSI VA IMLO QOIDALARI 1. «Lotin yozuviga asoslangan o‘zbek alifbosini joriy etish to‘g‘risida»gi O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Qonuni qa- chon qabul qilingan? 2. O‘zbek alifbosini yoddan aytib bering. 3. Imlo qoidalari deganda nimani tushunasiz? 16-mashq. Matnni o‘qing. Ajratib ko‘rsatilgan so‘zlarning talaffuzi va imlosidagi farqlarni tushuntiring. Yurtimizdagi ulkan bunyodkorlik ishlari haqida so‘zlab bering. — Yonboshingizdagi ulug‘vor tog‘lar, jonning huzuri, g‘ir- g‘ir shabada... Sut, qimiz serob, — hazillashdi Komila. 7 — Jannat-ku bu hayot, o‘zim cho‘pon bo‘lar edim, iloji bo‘lsa, rost aytyapman. Cho‘ponlar gurullab xoxoladilar. Siyrak soqol, burushgan yuzli, qotma gavdali cho‘pon chol e’tiroz qildi: — Ehe Komilaxon, yoshsiz, bilmaysiz, bu hunarning ham mashaqqati zo‘r, og‘ir mehnat. Qo‘ylar misli chaqaloq, parvarishning talabgori ular. Tog‘da bo‘ronlar, sellar, toshqin- lar, shamollar... Oho, ofat behad ko‘p. Hamisha ziyraklik lozim. (Oybek) 17-mashq. Quyida berilgan so‘zlarning imlosiga diqqat qiling va ular ishtirokida gaplar tuzing. Uzum, darvozabon, jahongashta, jigarband, donishmand, xushomadgo‘y, serdaromad, shod-xurram, hukumat, madani- yat, qahqaha, hasharot, muddao, olimpiada. 18-mashq. So‘zlarni alifbo tartibida daftaringizga yozing. Sabzavot, poytaxt, zangori, jonajon, bosmaxona, manzil, do‘stlarcha, xavf-xatar, ilhom, g‘uborsiz, inoq, albatta. 19-mashq. Uyga vazifa. Quyidagi so‘zlar ishtirokida gaplar tu- zing, ularning talaffuzi va yozilishidagi farqlarni toping. San’at, hujum, ma’rifat, shogird, mehmondo‘st, bota- nika. Namuna: O‘zbek san’atining dovrug‘i butun dunyoga yoyilmoqda. BO‘G‘IN VA URG‘U 1. Bo‘g‘in deb nimaga aytiladi? 2. Ochiq va yopiq bo‘g‘in haqida so‘zlab bering. 3. Urg‘u va uning turlari haqida gapiring. 20-mashq. Matnni o‘qing. Undagi go‘ya haqida bahslashing. So‘zlarni bo‘g‘inlarga ajrating va ularni quyida berilgan jadvalga joylashtiring. Vatan tuyg‘usi — bu ozod xalqning munosib farzandi, mustaqil mamlakatning fidoyi fuqarosi bo‘lmoqqa intilish tuyg‘usidir. («Vatan tuyg‘usi») 8 21-mashq. Gaplarni o‘qing, ularda ilgari surilgan g‘oya haqida so‘zlab bering. Ochiq va yopiq bo‘g‘inlarni aniqlab, ularga izoh bering. 1. Go‘zallik tuyg‘usini singdirmay turib, barkamol insonni voyaga yetkazish mumkin emas. (R. Tagor) 2. Insonning bitta- gina zolimi bor, u ham bo‘lsa, jaholat. (V. Gyugo). 3. Or-nomus uchun kurash bolalikdan boshlanadi. (Tog‘ay Murod) 4. Inson qanchalik ma’rifatli bo‘lsa, el-yurtga shunchalik ko‘p foydasi tegadi. (A. S. Griboyedov) 5. Ilmdan bir shu’la dilga tushgan on, Aniq bilursankim, ilm bepoyon. (Abulqosim Firdavsiy) 22-mashq. Ko‘zlar, yangi , bog‘lar, hozir, gullar so‘zlarida urg‘uning ko‘chishi bilan so‘z ma’nosining o‘zgarishiga diqqat qiling, ular ish- tirokida gaplar tuzing. Namuna: Bog‘dagi gullar anvoyi hidlar taratadi. Balki, bu olma ham erta-indin gullar. 23-mashq. «Ilm — hayot chirog‘i» mavzusida matn tuzing, birinchi va ikkinchi gaplardagi so‘zlarni bo‘g‘inlarga ajrating. LEKSIKOLOGIYA VA LUG‘ATSHUNOSLIK 1. Bir ma’noli va ko‘p ma’noli so‘zlar deb qanday so‘zlarga aytiladi? 2. So‘z ma’nosi qanday ko‘chiriladi? 3. Shakldosh so‘zlar deb qanday so‘zlarga aytiladi? 4. Ma’nodosh so‘zlar deganda nimani tushunasiz? 5. Zid ma’noli va uyadosh so‘zlarga misollar keltiring.
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