List of Massacres in Nigeria
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The Role of Christianity in Nigeria's Quest for Peaceful Coexistence
Bassey Andah Jounal Vol. 9 THE ROLE OF CHRISTIANITY IN NIGERIA’S QUEST FOR PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE Josephine Ngozi Akah University of Nigeria, Nsukka Abstract Over the years, Nigerians of different ethnic background have co-existed harmoniously. However, things began to change gradually in the buildup of the 1966 coup. Since then, there seems to have been no peace. Religious and ethnic sentiments now dominate the country‟s daily activities. Some individuals are of the view that the nation be divided into at least three nations. Could it then be concluded that these groups in Nigeria cannot co-exist? Is it possible for Nigeria to exist as an entity? What role can Christianity play to ensure peaceful co-existence? The paper adopted a descriptive and analytical research approach. The research revealed that the three main religions in the country all preach peace and oneness as it offers a deep sense of understanding, reconciliation and human fellowship. The paper concludes that Christianity is an indispensable tool in peacebuilding in Nigeria since it came with social reforms. This paper recommends that Christianity should educate Nigerians about the significance of peaceful co-existence. However, effective teaching of religious studies and uplifting of moral and spiritual values by the religious leaders will go a long way to bring about peace in Nigeria. Keywords: Peacebuilding, Christianity, peace, co-existence. Introduction Nigeria is made up of about two hundred and fifty ethnic groups. She is rich in diverse cultures (Ejikeme, 2016). The dominant religions include Christianity, Islam, and African Traditional Religion. Due to differences in tribes and religious beliefs, there are numerous incidences of hostilities, resulting in destruction of lives and properties. -
Living Through Nigeria's Six-Year
“When We Can’t See the Enemy, Civilians Become the Enemy” Living Through Nigeria’s Six-Year Insurgency About the Report This report explores the experiences of civilians and armed actors living through the conflict in northeastern Nigeria. The ultimate goal is to better understand the gaps in protection from all sides, how civilians perceive security actors, and what communities expect from those who are supposed to protect them from harm. With this understanding, we analyze the structural impediments to protecting civilians, and propose practical—and locally informed—solutions to improve civilian protection and response to the harm caused by all armed actors in this conflict. About Center for Civilians in Conflict Center for Civilians in Conflict (CIVIC) works to improve protection for civil- ians caught in conflicts around the world. We call on and advise international organizations, governments, militaries, and armed non-state actors to adopt and implement policies to prevent civilian harm. When civilians are harmed we advocate the provision of amends and post-harm assistance. We bring the voices of civilians themselves to those making decisions affecting their lives. The organization was founded as Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict in 2003 by Marla Ruzicka, a courageous humanitarian killed by a suicide bomber in 2005 while advocating for Iraqi families. T +1 202 558 6958 E [email protected] www.civiliansinconflict.org © 2015 Center for Civilians in Conflict “When We Can’t See the Enemy, Civilians Become the Enemy” Living Through Nigeria’s Six-Year Insurgency This report was authored by Kyle Dietrich, Senior Program Manager for Africa and Peacekeeping at CIVIC. -
ETT Report-No.32.V2
DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX - Nigeria DTM Nigeria EMERGENCY TRACKING TOOL ETT Report: No. 32 | 12–18 September 2017 IOM OIM DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is deployed to track and provide up-to-date information on sudden displacement and other population movements New IDP arrivals recorded during the period DTM and ETT Cumulative Number of IDPs by LGA Abadam Abadam Yusufari Lake Chad Kukawa Yusufari Yunusari Mobbar Lake Chad± Nguru Karasuwa Niger Machina Yunusari Mobbar Abadam Kukawa Lake Chad Bade Guzamala 79 Nguru Karasuwa Kukawa Bursari 14,105 Geidam Gubio Bade Bade Guzamala Monguno Mobbar Nganzai Jakusko Bursari 6240 Marte Geidam Gubio Bade Guzamala Ngala Tarmua Monguno Magumeri Nganzai Jakusko Yobe 122,844 Marte 43 Gubio Monguno Jere Dikwa 7 Mafa Kala/BalgeYobe Ngala Maiduguri M.C. 122 Tarmua Nganzai Nangere Fune Damaturu Jigawa Magumeri 42,686 Borno 18 Yobe Marte Potiskum Ngala Kaga Konduga Bama Jere Mafa Kala/Balge Magumeri Dikwa 17 30 73 Yobe 49,480 Fika Gujba Nangere Fune Damaturu Maiduguri Mafa 74,858 Jere Dikwa Gwoza Potiskum Kaga Borno308,807 Kala-Balge MaiduBornoguri Damboa 799 19,619 KondugaKonduga Bama Gulani Cameroon Kag1a05,678 56,748 Chibok Konduga Fika Gujba Bama Biu 11 Madagali Askira/Uba Gwoza Michika Damboa Cameroon Kwaya Kusar 73,966Gwoza Hawul Damboa Bauchi Gombe Bayo Mubi North 76,795 Hong Gulani Shani Chibok Gombi Mubi South Madagali Biu Biu 16,378Chibok Maiha Askira/Uba Askira-Uba Inaccessible area Guyuk Song Michika Shelleng IDP severity Kwaya KusarKwaya Kusar Hawul Adamawa Hawul Less t han 10,788 Bauchi Gombe Bayo Mubi North Lamurde Number of new Bayo 10,788 - 25,813 HongAdamawa Numan Girei arrivals Shani Cameroon 25,813 - 56,749 Demsa Inaccessible area Shani Gombi Mubi South Yola South 56,749 - 122,770 Yola North Gombe 0 15 30 60 Km 122,770 Above Fufore LGAChad Adamawa Plateau Mayo-Belwa Shelleng Maiha Guyuk Song STATE: Borno 73 individuals (INDs) arrived at Bama and 129 INDs le� Bama LGA: Kaga 17 INDs arrived at NYSC Camp from Musari in Konduga LGA. -
Ethnic and Religious Conflicts in Kaduna and Plateau States: Implications for Development In
ALONG JOHN YAHAYA PG/Ph D/08/48308 ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS IN KADUNA AND PLATEAU STATES: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF RELIGION & CULTURAL STUDIES, FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA NSUKKA RELIGION & CULTURAL STUDIES MAY, 2011 Digitally Signed by Webmaster’s Name DN : CN = Webmaster’s name O= University of Nigeria, Nsukka Webmaster OU = Innovation Centre i ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS IN KADUNA AND PLATEAU STATES: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA BY ALONG JOHN YAHAYA PG/Ph D/08/48308 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF RELIGION & CULTURAL STUDIES, FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA NSUKKA SUPERVISOR: REV. PROF. A. U. AGHA MAY, 2011 ii TITLE PAGE ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS IN KADUNA AND PLATEAU STATES: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA BY ALONG JOHN YAHAYA PG/Ph D/08/48308 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF RELIGION & CULTURAL STUDIES, FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA NSUKKA, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN RELIGION AND SOCIETY MAY, 2011 i ii DECLARATION I, Yahaya A.J. a Postgraduate student of the Department of Religion, University of Nigeria, Nsukka with Reg. No: PG/Ph.D/08/48308 has satisfactorily completed all the requirements of the research works for the award of Ph.D. Degree in Religion and Society. The work embodied in this project to the best of my knowledge is original and has not been in any way submitted in part or full for any other Degree or Diploma of this University or any other University. -
GENDER ASSESSMENT January 2020
GENDER ASSESSMENT January 2020 Table of Contents List of graphs ....................................................................................................................................... ii List of table .......................................................................................................................................... ii Context .................................................................................................................................................... iii Objective .................................................................................................................................................. iii Methodology ........................................................................................................................................... iv Sampling .................................................................................................................................................. v Findings .................................................................................................................................................. vi Gender assessment analysis ................................................................................................................... 1 1. Socioeconomic activities and dynamics in the communities ........................................................ 2 1.1 Current daily activities of women compared to men ................................................................ 2 1.2 Type of livelihood -
The Rise of Boko Haram
Master Thesis Political Science: International Relations The rise of Boko Haram A Social Movement Theory Approach Author: Iris Visser Student Number: 5737508 MA Research Project Political Science: International Relations Supervisor: Dr. Said Rezaeiejan Second reader: Dr. Ursula Daxecker Date: 25 June 2014 1 Master Thesis Political Science: International Relations The rise of Boko Haram A Social Movement Theory Approach 2 3 Table of contents Political map of Nigeria 6 I. Introduction 7 II. Theoretical framework and literature review 13 III. Methodology 34 Variables 34 Methodological issues 34 Operationalization 35 IV. Background of Nigeria 43 V. The rise and evolution of Boko Haram 51 VI. United States- Nigeria cooperation concerning counterterrorism 59 VII. A political process perspective 64 VIII. A relative deprivation perspective 75 IX. A resource mobilization perspective 91 X. A framing perspective 108 XI. Conclusion 122 Bibliography 127 Appendix: timeline of Boko Haram attacks 139 Number of Boko Haram attacks and resulting deaths 2010-2014 per quarter 139 Timeline of Boko Haram attacks 2010-2014 140 4 5 Map of Nigeria 6 I. Introduction Like many postcolonial states, Nigeria has a turbulent history. The country is plagued by all kinds of violence. There has been civil war,1 crime rates are high,2 communal violence is common, as is sectarian violence3 — and, often along the same lines, political violence4 — while in the south an added problem are conflicts concerning oil.5 One of the biggest problems Nigeria faces today, is that of radical Islamic violence in the north of the country. Whereas communal violence has long been an issue, the rise of radical Islamic groups such as Boko Haram, who function more like a terrorist organization, is relatively new (as it is in most parts of the world). -
Yobe State Multisectoral Crisis Recovery Project (Mcrp)
YOBE STATE MULTISECTORAL CRISIS RECOVERY PROJECT (MCRP) Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) For Rehabilitation of 40km Gujba-Ngalda Road INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS UNDER COMPONENT 2 OF MCRP DRAFT REPORT MARCH, 2020 Yobe MCRP – Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for 40km Gujba-Ngalda Road Table of Contents List of Figures .................................................................................................. v List of Tables .................................................................................................. vi Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................ vii Executive Summary ......................................................................................... ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 2 1.1 Background ........................................................................................ 2 1.1.1 Technical Approach and Methodology to the ESIA ................................. 3 1.1.2 Desktop Research ......................................................................... 3 1.1.3 Reconnaissance Survey and Field Visits ........................................... 3 1.2 Applicable Laws and International Regulatory Framework ........................ 4 1.3 International Treaties and Conventions on Environment ........................... 6 1.5 Gender-Based Violence ........................................................................ 7 1.5.1 International -
Public Spaces, Citizenship Right and Religion Conflicts in Nigeria
International Journal of Political Science (IJPS) Volume 5, Issue 2, 2019, PP 20-29 ISSN 2454-9452 http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-9452.0502004 www.arcjournals.org Public Spaces, Citizenship Right and Religion Conflicts in Nigeria Ola ABEGUNDE1*, Olayide I. OLADEJI1, Samuel Babatola AYITI2 1Department of Political Science, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria 2PhD Researcher, Department of Political Science, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado- Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria *Corresponding Author: Ola ABEGUNDE, Department of Political Science, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria Abstract: The Nigerian history is laced with obstinate conflicts mostly constructed around differences in political, cultural, ethnic and religious identities. There has been an upsurge in such conflicts since May 29 1999. While much of the conflicts revolve around struggles for the political control, others are hegemonic religion contests that are usually driven by fanaticism and involve claims or denial of the rights to use public spaces for religious purposes. The contestation is wide spread and involves Christianity, Islam and Traditional Religion Worshipers. The paper focuses on religion conflicts involving Muslims and Egungun (Masquerade) Worshipers in Kisi, Irepo Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. The study utilized descriptive approach to examine the implications of religious fanaticism for citizenship and conflicts in Nigeria. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The study revealed that in Kisi, some „Muslim fanatics‟ see and treat public spaces as the exclusive preserve of their religion and thus block the Egungun worshipers from using them for their annual festivals. -
Impacts of Boko Haram Insurgency on Agricultural Activities in Gujba Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria
Research Publisher: Manuscript central Available Online at www.ijcrr.info International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review ISSN 0976 – 4852 https://doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr.v9i12.628 December, 2018|Volume 09|Issue 12| Section: Agriculture Impacts of Boko Haram Insurgency on Agricultural Activities in Gujba Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria. M. Babagana1, M. Ismail2, B. G. Mohammed3, M. A. Dilala4, Hussaini I5, I M. Zangoma6 1Department of Animal Health and Production Technology College of Agriculture Gujba Yobe State, Nigeria 2Department of Agricultural Technology College of Agriculture Gujba Yobe State, Nigeria 3Department of Agricultural Technology College of Agriculture Gujba Yobe State, Nigeria 4Department of Animal Health and Production Technology College of Agriculture Gujba Yobe State, Nigeria 5Department of Agricultural Technology College of Agriculture Gujba Yobe State, Nigeria 6Department of Agricultural Technology College of Agriculture Gujba Yobe State, Nigeria Corresponding Author: M. Babagana Received: 2018-11-14; Accepted 2018-12-06, Abstract: The study was conducted between the months of November-December 2018 to assess the impacts of Boko Haram insurgency on agricultural activities in Gujba Local Government Area of Yobe state, Nigeria. Six towns namely Buni Yadi, Gujba, Goniri, Katarko, Mutai and Wagir formed the study locations. These towns were the major agricultural strongholds of the Local Government. The study considered impacts of the insurgency on farming after the return of residents to these towns after almost two years of exile in other places as a result of displacement by the militants’ activities (2016-2018). Descriptive Survey design involving mixed methods was used in which a total of 394 respondents participated. -
Muslim and Christian Women in Dialogue: Case of Northern Nigeria
Contents Abbreviations 9 Introduction 15 Section One Islamic and Christian Feminism 1 Muslim Women’s Movement 21 Rise and Development of Muslim Feminism until the 1970s 23 Islamist Popularity and Islamic Feminism from the 1980/90s 32 The Contributions of Contemporary Islamic Feminist Scholars 38 The Muslim Women’s Debate 46 2 Christian Feminist Theology in Comparison with Islamic Feminism 57 Secular Christian Feminism 57 Christian Feminist Theology 63 Comparison of Christian and Islamic Feminism 67 Tension between Feminist theology and Secular feminism 80 Tension between Feminist theology and the Church 81 Conclusion 86 Section Two The Context: Northern Nigeria Section Three Women in Interreligious Dialogue 3 Development of Islam and Christianity in Northern Nigeria 89 7 Interreligious Dialogue in Northern Nigeria 247 Development of Islam in Northern Nigeria until 1960 89 Dialogue in community/Dialogue of life 248 Development of Christianity in Northern Nigeria until Spiritual dialogue 249 1960 105 Parliamentary dialogue 250 Political Developments from Independence to date Initiatives of Faith-based bodies 253 (1960–2005) 111 Dialogue of action/Dialogue in praxis 261 Religious Revivalism since Independence in 1960 127 Conclusion 269 Muslim-Christian Conflict in Nigeria 132 Conclusion 142 8 Towards a Women’s Liberative Interreligious Dialogue 271 The relevance of Theology to Interreligious Dialogue 271 4 Development of a Secular Women’s Movement in Nigeria Theological responses to Religious Pluralism and their with an Overview of Women’s -
In Plateau and Kaduna States, Nigeria
HUMAN “Leave Everything to God” RIGHTS Accountability for Inter-Communal Violence WATCH in Plateau and Kaduna States, Nigeria “Leave Everything to God” Accountability for Inter-Communal Violence in Plateau and Kaduna States, Nigeria Copyright © 2013 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-62313-0855 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org DECEMBER 2013 978-1-62313-0855 “Leave Everything to God” Accountability for Inter-Communal Violence in Plateau and Kaduna States, Nigeria Summary and Recommendations .................................................................................................... -
Boko Haram Attacks and Security Force Abuses in Nigeria
H U M A N R I G H T S Spiraling Violence Boko Haram Attacks and Security Force Abuses in Nigeria WATCH Spiraling Violence Boko Haram Attacks and Security Force Abuses in Nigeria Copyright © 2012 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-951-8 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org OCTOBER 2012 ISBN: 1-56432-951-8 Spiraling Violence Boko Haram Attacks and Security Force Abuses in Nigeria Glossary .......................................................................................................................................... iii Summary ..........................................................................................................................................