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„Sozialismus Ist Aktive Soziologie.“

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„Sozialismus Ist Aktive Soziologie.“ Judith Zimmermann „Sozialismus ist aktive Soziologie.“ Religion, Politik und Gesellschaft im Leben und Werk von Robert Hertz Religion, Politik und Gesellschaft im Leben und Werk von Robert von HertzWerk und Gesellschaft und im Leben Politik Religion, Judith Zimmermann „Sozialismus ist aktive Soziologie.“ ist aktive „Sozialismus Judith Zimmermann „Sozialismus ist aktive Soziologie.“ Religion, Politik und Gesellschaft im Leben und Werk von Robert Hertz Judith Zimmermann „Sozialismus ist aktive Soziologie.“ Religion, Politik und Gesellschaft im Leben und Werk von Robert Hertz Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Diese Arbeit wurde der Fakultät für Geschichte, Kunst- und Orientwissenschaften der Universität Leipzig am 10.03.2015 unter dem Titel „ ‚Sozialismus ist aktive Soziologie.‘ Das Verhältnis von Politik und Sozialwissenschaft in der Durkheimschule am Beispiel von Robert Hertz aus religionswissenschaftlicher Perspektive“ zur Erlangung des akade- mischen Grades Dr. phil. vorgelegt und am 11.12.2015 erfolgreich verteidigt. Der hier vorliegende Text wurde für die Veröffentlichung leicht gekürzt und überarbeitet. Inhalt A Einleitung................................................................................................................13 1 Forschungsgegenstand.......................................................................................................13 2 Begriffe und Methoden......................................................................................................27 2.1 Intellektuelle..............................................................................................................27 2.2 Lebenswege................................................................................................................31 2.3 Sozialstrukturen........................................................................................................36 2.4 Generationen.............................................................................................................37 B 1881–1901: Aufwachsen im Zeichen des Republikanismus................................39 1 Die ersten Jahrzehnte der Dritten Republik....................................................................39 1.1 Politische Leitlinien..................................................................................................39 1.2 Dreyfus-Affäre und Antisemitismus......................................................................54 1.3 Feinde der Republik.................................................................................................68 1.4 Lebenswelten.............................................................................................................77 2 Bürgerliche Heimat.............................................................................................................83 3 „Auch die Wissenschaft ist schließlich gut …“...............................................................88 4 Politisches Ich zwischen Individualismus, Kollektivismus und Sozialismus..............91 5 Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................107 C 1901–1907: Entwicklung zum Durkheimien......................................................113 1 Die Belle Epoque der Dritten Republik.........................................................................113 1.1 Festigung der Republik und des Republikanismus............................................113 1.2 Kampf um die wissenschaftliche Vorherrschaft.................................................116 2 Aufbruch aus dem Elternhaus.........................................................................................124 3 Studium und berufliche Entscheidungen......................................................................134 3.1 Im Kreis der künftigen Elite: Philosophiestudium an der ENS........................134 3.2 Wissenschaftler oder Lehrer: London und Douai..............................................146 4 In der „Feste des Sozialismus“........................................................................................159 5 Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................169 D 1907–1914: „Geordnet und ruhig“ – Intellektuelles Leben in Paris.................175 1 Die Ruhe vor dem Sturm in der Dritten Republik.......................................................175 2 Eine eigene Familie...........................................................................................................179 3 „Wilde“ am anderen Ende der Welt und in Europa.....................................................183 3.1 Rezensionen (1907–1914): Durkheimianische Orthodoxie, Mana, Sündenvorstellungen..............................................................................................191 7 3.2 Kollektive Todesvorstellungen (1907): Übergänge, Ambivalenz des Sakralen, Verausgabung............................................................214 3.2.1 Entstehung des Textes..................................................................................214 3.2.2 Zusammenfassung des Textes.....................................................................219 3.2.3 Theoretische Implikationen........................................................................226 3.2.4 Kritik und Rezeption....................................................................................237 3.3 Vorherrschaft der rechten Hand (1909): Religiöse Polarität und Variabilität von Werten.................................................................................240 3.3.1 Entstehung des Textes..................................................................................240 3.3.2 Zusammenfassung des Textes.....................................................................242 3.3.3 Theoretische Implikationen........................................................................248 3.3.4 Kritik und Rezeption....................................................................................254 3.4 Saint Besse (1913): Verausgabung, rituelle Einhegung von Gewalt, prähistorische Religion.........................................................................................257 3.4.1 Entstehung des Textes..................................................................................257 3.4.2 Zusammenfassung des Textes.....................................................................260 3.4.3 Theoretische Implikationen........................................................................269 3.4.4 Kritik und Rezeption....................................................................................280 3.5 Sünde und Sühne (1922): Transgression, Isolation und Reintegration...........286 3.5.1 Entstehung des Textes..................................................................................286 3.5.2 Zusammenfassung des Textes.....................................................................291 3.5.3 Theoretische Implikationen........................................................................301 3.5.4 Kritik und Rezeption....................................................................................307 4 Für einen zeitgemäßen Sozialismus...............................................................................308 4.1 Sozialismus der Durkheimiens.............................................................................308 4.2 Politisches Wirken von Robert Hertz..................................................................326 4.2.1 Groupe d’études socialistes und Cahiers du Socialiste................................333 4.2.2 Pädagogisches Engagement.........................................................................357 5 Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................361 E 1914/15: Im Großen Krieg für eine erneuerte Nation........................................372 1 Der Kriegsbeginn in der Dritten Republik....................................................................372 2 Ziviles Leben im Krieg.....................................................................................................380 3 Robert Hertz an der Front: Soldat, Ethnograf, Patriot.................................................389 3.1 Soldatenleben..........................................................................................................389 3.2 Soziologe und Ethnograf.......................................................................................397 3.3 Patriotismus und Opferbereitschaft.....................................................................400 4 Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................414 8 F Konklusion.............................................................................................................420 Anhang.....................................................................................................................441 1 Abkürzungsverzeichnis..................................................................................................441 2 Quellenverzeichnis.........................................................................................................441 2.1 Archivalien im Fonds
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