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INSTITUTE FOR SYSTEMATICS AND THE MANCHESTER MUSEUM, ECOLOGY OF ANIMALS, THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER, SIBERIAN BRANCH OF THE RUSSIAN MANCHESTER, UK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA A revision of the genus Yllenus Simon, 1868 (Arachnida, Araneae, Salticidae) by Dmitri V. Logunov & Yuri M. Marusik Edited by Kirill G. Mikhailov Illustrated by the authors KMK Scientific Press Ltd. Moscow v 2003 D. V. Logunov & Y. M. Marusik. A revision of the genus Yllenus Simon, 1868 (Arachnida, Araneae, Salticidae). Moscow: KMK Scienetific Press Ltd. 2003. 167 pp. In English. Ä. Â. Ëîãóíîâ, Þ. Ì. Ìàðóñèê. Ðåâèçèÿ ðîäà Yllenus Simon, 1868 (Arachnida, Araneae, Salticidae). Ìîñêâà: èçäàòåëüñòâî ÊÌÊ. 2003. 167 ñòð. Íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå. Kirill G. Mikhailov (the editor) This is a worldwide taxonomic revision of the genus Yllenus, with 65 valid species being diagnosed, figured and (re)described. A key to three species groups and distribution maps for all revised species are also provided. The # neotype is designated for Yllenus albifrons (Lucas, 1846). Lectotypes are designated for the four following species: Attus albocinctus Kroneberg, 1885 ($); Attus vittatus Thorell, 1875 (#); Yllenus hamifer Simon, 1895 ($); Attulus validus Simon, 1889 (#). Three species names are newly synonymized: Yllenus somonensis Prószyñski, 1982 with Y. validus Simon, 1889; Yllenus israelensis Logunov, 1996 with Y. tschoni (Caporiacco, 1936); Yllenus probatus Weso³owska, 1996 with Y. mirandus Weso³owska, 1996. Three new combinations are proposed: Yllenus auriceps (Denis, 1966) comb.n. (ex Attulus), Yllenus maoni- uensis (Liu, Wang et Peng, 1991) comb.n. (ex Philaeus) and Euophrys skalanicus (Dobroruka, 2003) comb.n. (ex Yllenus). Three specific names are treated as nomina dubia: Attus pusio Simon, 1871, Euophrys skalan- icus (Dobroruka, 2003) and Yllenus kronebergi Roewer, 1951. Twenty nine new species are described: Ylle- nus algarvensis sp.n. (#; from Portugal); Y. aralicus sp.n. (#$; from the E. Caucasus and Middle Asia); Y. bakanas sp.n. (#$; from Kazakhstan); Y. bucharaensis sp.n. ($; from Uzbekistan); Y. charynensis sp.n. ($; from Kazakhstan); Y. dalaensis sp.n. (#$; from Kazakhstan); Y. dunini sp.n. (#$; from Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan); Y. erzinenis sp.n. (#$; from S. Siberia and Mongolia); Y. gavdos sp.n. (#$; from W. Mediter- ranean); Y. guseinovi sp.n. (#$; from the E. Caucasus and Middle Asia); Y. halugim sp.n. (#; from Israel); Y. karakumensis sp.n. (#$; from Turkmenistan); Y. karnai sp.n. (#$; from NW India); Y. kononenkoi sp.n. (#$; from Kyrghyzstan); Y. kotchevnik sp.n. (#; from Turkmenistan); Y. mirabilis sp.n. (#; from Uzbeki- stan and Turkmenistan); Y. murgabicus sp.n. (#$; from Tajikistan); Y. nigritarsis sp.n. (#; from Turkmen- istan); Y. nurataus sp.n. ($; from Uzbekistan); Y. pamiricus sp.n. (#$; from Tajikistan); Y. pseudobajan sp.n. (#$; from SW China); Y. pseudovalidus sp.n. (#$; from Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan); Y. shakhsenem sp.n. (#; from Turkmenistan); Y. tamdybulak sp.n. ($; from Uzbekistan); Y. turkestanicus sp.n. (#$; from Middle Asia); Y. uiguricus sp.n. (#$; from Kazakhstan); Y. uzbekistanicus sp.n. (#$; from Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan); Y. zhilgaensis sp.n. (#$; from Kalmykia and Kazakhstan); Y. zyuzini sp.n. (#$; from Kaza- khstan and Turkmenistan). This work is intended for arachnologists, mainly taxonomists, as well as for biogeographers, local biol- ogists and naturalists. Äàííàÿ ðàáîòà ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé ìèðîâóþ ðåâèçèþ ðîäà Yllenus, â êîòîðîé 65 âàëèäíûõ âèäîâ îïèñàíû èëè ïåðåîïèñàíû è èëëþñòðèðîâàíû. Ñîñòàâëåí äèàãíîñòè÷åñêèé êëþ÷ äëÿ òðåõ ãðóïï âèäîâ è äàíû êàðòû ðàñïðîñòðà- íåíèÿ äëÿ âñåõ âèäîâ. Âûäåëåí íåîòèï äëÿ Yllenus albifrons (Lucas, 1846). Îáîçíà÷åíû ëåêòîòèïû äëÿ ÷åòûðåõ âèäîâ: Attus albocinctus Kroneberg, 1885 ($); Attus vittatus Thorell, 1875 (#); Yllenus hamifer Simon, 1895 ($); Attulus validus Simon, 1889 (#). Òðè âèäà ñèíîíèìèçèðîâàíû: Yllenus somonensis Prószyñski, 1982 ñ Y. validus Simon, 1889; Yllenus israelensis Logunov, 1996 ñ Y. tschoni (Caporiacco, 1936); Yllenus probatus Weso³owska, 1996 ñ Y. mirandus Weso³owska, 1996. Ïðåäëîæåíî òðè íîâûå êîìáèíàöèè: Yllenus auriceps (Denis, 1966) comb.n. (ex Attulus), Yllenus maoniuensis (Liu, Wang et Peng, 1991) comb.n. (ex Philaeus) è Euophrys skalanicus (Dobroruka, 2003) comb.n. (ex Yllenus). Òðè âèäîâûõ íàçâàíèÿ òðàêòóþòñÿ êàê nomina dubia: Attus pusio Simon, 1871, Euophrys skalanicus (Dobroruka, 2003) è Yllenus kronebergi Roewer, 1951. Îïèñàíî 29 íîâûõ âèäîâ. Ðàáîòà ïðåäíàçíà÷åíà äëÿ àðàõíîëîãîâ, ãëàâíûì îáðàçîì òàêñîíîìèñòîâ, à òàêæå äëÿ áèîãåîãðàôîâ, êàðåâå- äîâ è íàòóðàëèñòîâ. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyrights owner. Cover illustration (front): landscape, sandy desert with Haloxylon sp. in Central Kyzylkumy (N. Uzbekistan), where a number of Yllenus species occur (a photo by DL); spider, the male of Yllenus arenarius from sand dunes in Poland (courtesy by Dr M. Bartos; £ód, Poland). © òåêñò, èëëþñòðàöèè, êàðòû, Ä.Â. Ëîãóíîâ, Þ.Ì. Ìàðóñèê, 2003 ISBN 5-87317-126-2 © èçäàíèå, èçäàòåëüñòâî ÊÌÊ, 2003 Contents Introduction .........................................................................................................4 Material and methods.....................................................................................4 Terminology ...................................................................................................4 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................5 Genus Yllenus Simon, 1868.................................................................................8 Definition .......................................................................................................8 Diagnosis and affinities................................................................................13 Composition .................................................................................................16 Distribution ..................................................................................................17 Natural History.............................................................................................20 Key to the species groups of Yllenus ...........................................................22 Survey of species ...............................................................................................23 The albocinctus species group .....................................................................23 The arenarius species group ........................................................................85 The hamifer species group ......................................................................... 118 Doubtful and invalid species names ..........................................................156 References .......................................................................................................160 Index to species ...............................................................................................166 4 D.V. Logunov & Yu.M. Marusik Introduction MMUM The Manchester Museum, The Uni- versity of Manchester, Manchester, UK (Dr D. V. Logunov) The genus Yllenus was erected by Simon MNHN Muséum national dHistoire naturel- [1868]. It was revised by Prószyñski [1968], le, Paris, France (Dr C. Rollard) who assigned 22 species to it. After Prószyñs- MRAC Musée Royal de lAfrique Centrale, kis revision a few species were added by Pun- Tervuren, Belgium (Dr R. Jocqué); da [1975; 2 species], Ponomarev [1978; 1 spe- MZSF Museo Zoologico de La Specola, Sez- cies], Liu et al. [1991; 1 species], Logunov ione del Museo di Storia Naturale, Firenze, Italy (Mrs S. Whitman) [1993b; 1 species], Logunov & Marusik NHMC Natural History Museum, University [2000a; 5 species] and Hu [2001; 1 species]. of Crete, Crete, Greece (Dr M. Chatzaki) Taking into account currently established syn- PSUN Department of Zoology of the Perm onymies, 32 valid species were known before State University, Perm, Russia (Dr S. L. Esyunin) this second revision, which covers 65 valid SMNH Swedish Museum of Natural History, species. Stockholm, Sweden (Dr T. Kronestedt) The main aim of the present work is to pro- SNMC Museum of Natural History, Slovak vide an up-dated taxonomic account of the ge- National Museum, Bratislava, Slovakia (Mr J. Sva- nus Yllenus which will (1) redefine the genus, toò) SZMN Siberian Zoological Museum of the In- (2) establish new synonymies (3) (re)describe stitute for Systematics and Ecology of Animals, all valid species, (4) refine their distributions, Novosibirsk, Russia (Ms G. N. Azarkina) and (5) comment on all invalid, doubtful or prob- YMPC The personal collection of Mr Yvan lematic species names. Montardi (Paris, France) ZISP Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia (Dr V. A. Krivo- Material and methods khatsky) ZMCD Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, Den- A total of 992 adult specimens (both museum and mark (Dr N. Scharff) newly collected ones) were used in this study; all of ZMHU Zoological Museum of the Helsinki them were borrowed from or distributed among the University, Helsinki, Finland (Dr J. Terhivuo) following depositaria and personal collections: ZMPA Institute of Zoology, Warsaw, Poland AMNH The American Museum of Natural (Dr T. Huflejt and Prof. J. Prószyñski) History,
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  • Life History of Phidippus Johnsoni (Araneae, Salticidae )

    Life History of Phidippus Johnsoni (Araneae, Salticidae )

    Jackson, R . R . 1978 . The life history of Phidippus johnsoni (Araneae : Saltiicidae) . J. Arachnol. 6 :1-29 . LIFE HISTORY OF PHIDIPPUS JOHNSONI (ARANEAE, SALTICIDAE ) Robert R. Jackson ' Department of Zoology University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California 9472 0 ABSTRACT In the laboratory, P. johnsoni oviposit successive batches of eggs with a trend toward a decrease i n both number of eggs and proportion of eggs that hatch in later batches . Approximately one month elapses between copulation and the first oviposition, and another month elapses between each succes- sive oviposition . Eggs hatch three weeks after oviposition, and spiderlings disperse from the materna l nest after another three weeks. Males mature earlier, pass through fewer molts, reach smaller adult siz e and have lesser adult longevity than females . There is considerable intrasexual variability in adult size , maturation time, and number of instars before reaching maturity . Males mature in 5 to 7 molts; females, 6 to 8 . Instar duration and variability in instar duration is greater in later than in earlier instars. Morphometric data from the laboratory were employed for estimating the number of molt s that spiders undergo in the Coastal Range of California . Spiders in nature matured later in the year an d probably passed through more molts before reaching maturity (6 to 8 for males ; 7 to 9 for females) than was the case for laboratory-reared spiders . Phenology and density were investigated in six popula- tions : two from the Coastal Range of California, two from Beach habitats (sea level, next to th e ocean) in California, and two from Alpine habitats (Sierra Nevada, California ; Rocky Mountains, Wyoming) .
  • Hunting Prey with Different Escape Potentials— Alternative Predatory Tactics in a Dune Dwelling Salticid

    Hunting Prey with Different Escape Potentials— Alternative Predatory Tactics in a Dune Dwelling Salticid

    2007 (2008). The Journal of Arachnology 35:499–508 HUNTING PREY WITH DIFFERENT ESCAPE POTENTIALS— ALTERNATIVE PREDATORY TACTICS IN A DUNE DWELLING SALTICID Maciej Bartos: University of Lodz, Department of Teacher Training and Studies of Biological Diversity, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Lodz, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Generalist predators hunt a wide range of prey that possess various characteristics affecting the predators’ hunting success (e.g., size, ability to detect the threat and defend against it, potential for escape). Therefore, it can be expected that the predator should flexibly react to different prey characteristics, hunting them in prey-specific ways. For a stalking predator a crucial prey feature is its ability to escape. In this study, the alternative prey-catching tactics of a dune-dwelling salticid Yllenus arenarius Menge 1868 were analyzed. Four naturally eaten prey taxa, two with a high ability to escape (Homoptera, Orthoptera) and two with a low ability to escape (Thysanoptera, larvae of Lepidoptera), were used. Numerous differences found between the tactics indicate that Y. arenarius can not only distinguish between different types of prey, but can also employ specific tactics to catch them. The tactics belong to a conditional strategy and are manifested in alternative: a) direction of approach, b) speed of approach, and c) other prey specific behaviors. Keywords: Predatory behavior, conditional strategy, spider, Araneae, Salticidae, Yllenus There are numerous examples of alternative 1992; Edwards & Jackson 1993, 1994; Bear & phenotypes expressed through animal morphol- Hasson 1997). ogy, life history, and behavior. They are most Conditional strategies are present in both commonly reported in the field of reproductive alternative mating tactics and predatory behav- biology (reviewed in Gross 1996) and studies of ior of jumping spiders (Jackson 1992; Edwards resource-based polymorphisms (reviewed in & Jackson 1993, 1994; Bear & Hasson 1997).
  • SA Spider Checklist

    SA Spider Checklist

    REVIEW ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 22(2): 2551-2597 CHECKLIST OF SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) OF SOUTH ASIA INCLUDING THE 2006 UPDATE OF INDIAN SPIDER CHECKLIST Manju Siliwal 1 and Sanjay Molur 2,3 1,2 Wildlife Information & Liaison Development (WILD) Society, 3 Zoo Outreach Organisation (ZOO) 29-1, Bharathi Colony, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641004, India Email: 1 [email protected]; 3 [email protected] ABSTRACT Thesaurus, (Vol. 1) in 1734 (Smith, 2001). Most of the spiders After one year since publication of the Indian Checklist, this is described during the British period from South Asia were by an attempt to provide a comprehensive checklist of spiders of foreigners based on the specimens deposited in different South Asia with eight countries - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The European Museums. Indian checklist is also updated for 2006. The South Asian While the Indian checklist (Siliwal et al., 2005) is more spider list is also compiled following The World Spider Catalog accurate, the South Asian spider checklist is not critically by Platnick and other peer-reviewed publications since the last scrutinized due to lack of complete literature, but it gives an update. In total, 2299 species of spiders in 67 families have overview of species found in various South Asian countries, been reported from South Asia. There are 39 species included in this regions checklist that are not listed in the World Catalog gives the endemism of species and forms a basis for careful of Spiders. Taxonomic verification is recommended for 51 species. and participatory work by arachnologists in the region.