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Diversity of Simonid Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae) in India
IJBI 2 (2), (DECEMBER 2020) 247-276 International Journal of Biological Innovations Available online: http://ijbi.org.in | http://www.gesa.org.in/journals.php DOI: https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2020.2223 Review Article E-ISSN: 2582-1032 DIVERSITY OF SIMONID SPIDERS (ARANEAE: SALTICIDAE: SALTICINAE) IN INDIA Rajendra Singh1*, Garima Singh2, Bindra Bihari Singh3 1Department of Zoology, Deendayal Upadhyay University of Gorakhpur (U.P.), India 2Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (Rajasthan), India 3Department of Agricultural Entomology, Janta Mahavidyalaya, Ajitmal, Auraiya (U.P.), India *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received: 01.09.2020 Accepted: 30.09.2020 Published: 09.10.2020 Abstract: Distribution of spiders belonging to 4 tribes of clade Simonida (Salticinae: Salticidae: Araneae) reported in India is dealt. The tribe Aelurillini (7 genera, 27 species) is represented in 16 states and in 2 union territories, Euophryini (10 genera, 16 species) in 14 states and in 4 union territories, Leptorchestini (2 genera, 3 species) only in 2 union territories, Plexippini (22 genera, 73 species) in all states except Mizoram and in 3 union territories, and Salticini (3 genera, 11 species) in 15 states and in 4 union terrioties. West Bengal harbours maximum number of species, followed by Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Out of 129 species of the spiders listed, 70 species (54.3%) are endemic to India. Keywords: Aelurillini, Euophryini, India, Leptorchestini, Plexippini, Salticidae, Simonida. INTRODUCTION Hisponinae, Lyssomaninae, Onomastinae, Spiders are chelicerate arthropods belonging to Salticinae and Spartaeinae. Out of all the order Araneae of class Arachnida. Till to date subfamilies, Salticinae comprises 93.7% of the 48,804 described species under 4,180 genera and species (5818 species, 576 genera, including few 128 families (WSC, 2020). -
Visual Perception in Jumping Spiders (Araneae,Salticidae)
Visual Perception in Jumping Spiders (Araneae,Salticidae) A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology at the University of Canterbury by Yinnon Dolev University of Canterbury 2016 Table of Contents Abstract.............................................................................................................................................................................. i Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................................................... iii Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................. vi Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2: Innate pattern recognition and categorisation in a jumping Spider ........................................................... 9 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Methods ..................................................................................................................................................................... -
Hunting Prey with Different Escape Potentials— Alternative Predatory Tactics in a Dune Dwelling Salticid
2007 (2008). The Journal of Arachnology 35:499–508 HUNTING PREY WITH DIFFERENT ESCAPE POTENTIALS— ALTERNATIVE PREDATORY TACTICS IN A DUNE DWELLING SALTICID Maciej Bartos: University of Lodz, Department of Teacher Training and Studies of Biological Diversity, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Lodz, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Generalist predators hunt a wide range of prey that possess various characteristics affecting the predators’ hunting success (e.g., size, ability to detect the threat and defend against it, potential for escape). Therefore, it can be expected that the predator should flexibly react to different prey characteristics, hunting them in prey-specific ways. For a stalking predator a crucial prey feature is its ability to escape. In this study, the alternative prey-catching tactics of a dune-dwelling salticid Yllenus arenarius Menge 1868 were analyzed. Four naturally eaten prey taxa, two with a high ability to escape (Homoptera, Orthoptera) and two with a low ability to escape (Thysanoptera, larvae of Lepidoptera), were used. Numerous differences found between the tactics indicate that Y. arenarius can not only distinguish between different types of prey, but can also employ specific tactics to catch them. The tactics belong to a conditional strategy and are manifested in alternative: a) direction of approach, b) speed of approach, and c) other prey specific behaviors. Keywords: Predatory behavior, conditional strategy, spider, Araneae, Salticidae, Yllenus There are numerous examples of alternative 1992; Edwards & Jackson 1993, 1994; Bear & phenotypes expressed through animal morphol- Hasson 1997). ogy, life history, and behavior. They are most Conditional strategies are present in both commonly reported in the field of reproductive alternative mating tactics and predatory behav- biology (reviewed in Gross 1996) and studies of ior of jumping spiders (Jackson 1992; Edwards resource-based polymorphisms (reviewed in & Jackson 1993, 1994; Bear & Hasson 1997). -
SA Spider Checklist
REVIEW ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 22(2): 2551-2597 CHECKLIST OF SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) OF SOUTH ASIA INCLUDING THE 2006 UPDATE OF INDIAN SPIDER CHECKLIST Manju Siliwal 1 and Sanjay Molur 2,3 1,2 Wildlife Information & Liaison Development (WILD) Society, 3 Zoo Outreach Organisation (ZOO) 29-1, Bharathi Colony, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641004, India Email: 1 [email protected]; 3 [email protected] ABSTRACT Thesaurus, (Vol. 1) in 1734 (Smith, 2001). Most of the spiders After one year since publication of the Indian Checklist, this is described during the British period from South Asia were by an attempt to provide a comprehensive checklist of spiders of foreigners based on the specimens deposited in different South Asia with eight countries - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The European Museums. Indian checklist is also updated for 2006. The South Asian While the Indian checklist (Siliwal et al., 2005) is more spider list is also compiled following The World Spider Catalog accurate, the South Asian spider checklist is not critically by Platnick and other peer-reviewed publications since the last scrutinized due to lack of complete literature, but it gives an update. In total, 2299 species of spiders in 67 families have overview of species found in various South Asian countries, been reported from South Asia. There are 39 species included in this regions checklist that are not listed in the World Catalog gives the endemism of species and forms a basis for careful of Spiders. Taxonomic verification is recommended for 51 species. and participatory work by arachnologists in the region. -
Spider Community Composition and Structure in a Shrub-Steppe Ecosystem: the Effects of Prey Availability and Shrub Architecture
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 5-2012 Spider Community Composition and Structure In A Shrub-Steppe Ecosystem: The Effects of Prey Availability and Shrub Architecture Lori R. Spears Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Spears, Lori R., "Spider Community Composition and Structure In A Shrub-Steppe Ecosystem: The Effects of Prey Availability and Shrub Architecture" (2012). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 1207. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1207 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPIDER COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE IN A SHRUB-STEPPE ECOSYSTEM: THE EFFECTS OF PREY AVAILABILITY AND SHRUB ARCHITECTURE by Lori R. Spears A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Ecology Approved: ___________________________ ___________________________ James A. MacMahon Edward W. Evans Major Professor Committee Member ___________________________ ___________________________ S.K. Morgan Ernest Ethan P. White Committee Member Committee Member ___________________________ ___________________________ Eugene W. Schupp Mark R. McLellan Committee Member Vice President for Research and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2012 ii Copyright © Lori R. Spears 2012 All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Spider Community Composition and Structure in a Shrub-Steppe Ecosystem: The Effects of Prey Availability and Shrub Architecture by Lori R. -
10 3 243 260 Logunov Guseinov.Pm6
Arthropoda Selecta 10 (3): 243260 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2001 Faunistic review of the jumping spiders of Azerbaijan (Aranei: Salticidae), with additional faunistic records from neighbouring Caucasian countries Ôàóíèñòè÷åñêèé îáçîð ïàóêîâ-ñêàêóí÷èêîâ Àçåðáàéäæàíà (Aranei: Salticidae), ñ äîïîëíèòåëüíûìè ôàóíèñòè÷åñêèìè íàõîäêàìè èç ïðèëåãàþùèõ êàâêàçñêèõ ñòðàí D.V. Logunov* & E.F. Guseinov** Ä.Â. Ëîãóíîâ* & Ý.Ô. Ãóñåéíîâ** * The Manchester Museum, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. ** Institute of Zoology, Kvartal 504, proezd 1128, Baku 370073, Azerbaijan. ** Èíñòèòóò Çîîëîãèè, êâàðòàë 504, ïðîåçä 1128, Áàêó 370073, Àçåðáàéäæàí. KEY WORDS: Salticidae, Azerbaijan, annotated checklist, new species, Neaetha. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Salticidae, Àçåðáàéäæàí, àííîòèðîâàííûé ñïèñîê, íîâûé âèä, Neaetha. ABSTRACT: This paper presents an annotated haemorrhoicus from Lenkoran) and Wierzbicki [1902; checklist of the Salticidae of Azerbaijan which includes Evarcha arcuata from Gusar]. The only further record 82 species in 35 genera. Eight species are reported for was of Bianor aurocinctus (apparently Sibianor the Azerbaijanian fauna for the first time and twenty-five turkestanicus; see below) reported by Charitonov [1932] previously recorded species are excluded from the list. from Gyandja. The above three species were the only A new species, Neaetha absheronica sp.n. (#), from the recorded salticids from Azerbaijan until Dunins exten- Absheron Peninsula is described. Three species of Ylle- sive faunistic works [Dunin, 1979, 1984, 1989; Dunin & nus, and a single species of Euophrys and Phlegra Mamedov, 1992], with a few further additions by Neni- remain unidentified. Additional new records from the nin [1985]. According to these and also recent data of the neighbouring Caucasian countries, Georgia, Armenia present authors [Guseinov, 1999; Logunov, 1995, 1998, and Russia, are presented for twenty-five species. -
Araneae: Salticidae) 89-91 Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 57: 89-91 Karlsruhe, April 2019
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arachnologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 57 Autor(en)/Author(s): Marusik Yuri M., Blick Theo Artikel/Article: Further new synonyms of jumping spider genera (Araneae: Salticidae) 89-91 Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 57: 89-91 Karlsruhe, April 2019 Further new synonyms of jumping spider genera (Araneae: Salticidae) Yuri M. Marusik & Theo Blick doi: 10.30963/aramit5717 Abstract. Two generic names recently described by J. Prószyński were found to be junior subjective synonyms: Pseudomogrus Simon, 1937 = Logunyllus Prószyński, 2016 syn. nov., Hermosa Peckham & Peckham, 1892 = Myrmavola Prószyński, 2016 syn. nov. This causes numerous new and a few revalidated combinations. The systematics of Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 s. lat. is briefly discussed as well as other recent nomenclatorical acts by J. Prószyński. Keywords: Afraflacilla, Hasarina, Hermosa, Iberattus, Logunyllus, Myrmarachne, Myrmavola, Nigorella, Pseudicius, Pseudomogrus, Savaiia, Yllenus Zusammenfassung. Weitere neue Synonyme von Springspinnengattungen (Araneae: Salticidae). Zwei Gattungen, die jüngst von J. Prószyński beschrieben wurden, stellten sich als subjektive jüngere Synonyme heraus: Pseudomogrus Simon, 1937 = Logunyllus Prószyński, 2016 syn. nov., Hermosa Peckham & Peckham, 1892 = Myrmavola Prószyński, 2016 syn. nov. Dies bedingt zahlreiche neue und wenige revalidierte Kombinationen. Weiterhin werden die Systematik von Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 s. lat. und weitere aktuelle nomenklatorische Aktionen von J. Prószyński kurz diskutiert. Salticidae is the most speciose family of spiders with 6115 1) Pseudomogrus albifrons (Lucas, 1846) comb. nov. (North extant species (WSC 2019). During the last few years several Africa, Middle East) of the most species-rich genera like Evarcha Simon, 1902, 2) Pseudomogrus albocinctus (Kroneberg, 1875) comb. -
Programme and Abstracts European Congress of Arachnology - Brno 2 of Arachnology Congress European Th 2 9
Sponsors: 5 1 0 2 Programme and Abstracts European Congress of Arachnology - Brno of Arachnology Congress European th 9 2 Programme and Abstracts 29th European Congress of Arachnology Organized by Masaryk University and the Czech Arachnological Society 24 –28 August, 2015 Brno, Czech Republic Brno, 2015 Edited by Stano Pekár, Šárka Mašová English editor: L. Brian Patrick Design: Atelier S - design studio Preface Welcome to the 29th European Congress of Arachnology! This congress is jointly organised by Masaryk University and the Czech Arachnological Society. Altogether 173 participants from all over the world (from 42 countries) registered. This book contains the programme and the abstracts of four plenary talks, 66 oral presentations, and 81 poster presentations, of which 64 are given by students. The abstracts of talks are arranged in alphabetical order by presenting author (underlined). Each abstract includes information about the type of presentation (oral, poster) and whether it is a student presentation. The list of posters is arranged by topics. We wish all participants a joyful stay in Brno. On behalf of the Organising Committee Stano Pekár Organising Committee Stano Pekár, Masaryk University, Brno Jana Niedobová, Mendel University, Brno Vladimír Hula, Mendel University, Brno Yuri Marusik, Russian Academy of Science, Russia Helpers P. Dolejš, M. Forman, L. Havlová, P. Just, O. Košulič, T. Krejčí, E. Líznarová, O. Machač, Š. Mašová, R. Michalko, L. Sentenská, R. Šich, Z. Škopek Secretariat TA-Service Honorary committee Jan Buchar, -
Checklist of Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from India-2012
© Indian Society of Arachnology ISSN 2278 - 1587(Online) CHECKLIST OF SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) FROM INDIA-2012 Keswani, S.; P. Hadole and A. Rajoria* SGB Amravati University, Amravati-444602 [email protected]; [email protected] *Indraprastha University, Delhi; [email protected] ABSTRACT Spiders comprise one of the largest (5-6th) orders of animals. The spider fauna of India has never been studied in its entirety despite of contributions by many arachnologists since Stoliczka (1869). In the present paper, we provide an updated checklist of spiders from India based on published records and on the collections of the Arachnology Museum, SGB Amravati University. A total of 1686 species of spiders are now recorded from India. They belong to two infraorders, Mygalomorphae and Araneomorphae, 60 families and 438 genera. The list also includes 70 species from Karakorum. The spider diversity in India is dominated by Saltisids followed by Thomisids and then Araneids, Gnaphosids and Lycosids. Key words: India, Araneae, spider fauna, checklist. INTRODUCTION The pioneering contribution on the taxonomy of Indian spiders is that of European arachnologist Stoliczka (1869). Review of available literature reveals that the earliest contribution by Blackwall (1867); Karsch (1873); Simon (1887); Thorell (1895) and Pocock (1900) were the pioneer workers of Indian spiders. They described many species from India. Tikader (1980, 1982), Tikader, and Malhotra (1980) described spiders from India. Tikader (1980) compiled a book on Thomisid spiders of India, comprising two subfamilies, 25 genera and 115 species. Of these, 23 species were new to science. Descriptions, illustrations and distributions of all species were given. Keys to the subfamilies, genera, and species were provided. -
Removal of Lead and Zinc from Single and Binary Solutions by Waste
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis ––––––– 2010 ––––––– Folia Biologica et Oecologica 6: 69–80 (Acta Univ. Lodz, Folia Biol. Oecol.) MACIEJ BARTOS Department of Teacher Training and Biodiversity Studies, University of Łódź, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland, [email protected] PREDATORY ENCOUNTERS OF YLLENUS ARENARIUS (ARANEAE, SALTICIDAE) WITH FLIES (DIPTERA) Abstract: Predatory behaviour of Yllenus arenarius hunting flies (Diptera) was studied. The general spider’s approach and capture was typical for salticids hunting prey that has high ability to escape. Two modes of approach in close proximity of prey were observed. One was typical for the majority of predatory encounters where the spider’s velocity was significantly reduced with decreasing distance to prey. Stalk and movement masking were typical for this type of approach. Second mode occurred sporadically and was characterized by a high spider’s velocity that was not reduced in the vicinity of the prey. Key words: predatory behaviour, jumping spider, Yllenus, Diptera 1. INTRODUCTION Salticids are the most diverse family of spiders with over 5300 species described (PLATNICK 2011). In this group there is an amazing diversity in forms and life styles, of which only a very small fraction has been described. There is also a striking disproportion in our knowledge of different aspects of salticid biology from different regions of the world. For example, salticid fauna of the Palearctic, which belongs to the most thoroughly described by taxonomists, is still one of the least known with respect to the biology of species. Jumping spiders (Salticidae) are typical daily hunters that do not build webs but ambush or actively pursue and capture their prey. -
Distance of Approach to Prey Is Adjusted to the Prey's Ability To
33 European Arachnology 2000 (S. Toft & N. Scharff eds.), pp. 33-38. © Aarhus University Press, Aarhus, 2002. ISBN 87 7934 001 6 (Proceedings of the 19th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Århus 17-22 July 2000) Distance of approach to prey is adjusted to the prey’s ability to escape in Yllenus arenarius Menge (Araneae, Salticidae) MACIEJ BARTOS University of Łódź, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrology, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Po- land. Present address: University of Łódź, Laboratory of Teaching Biology and Studies of Biological Di- versity, Banacha 1/3, 90-237 Łódź, Poland ([email protected]) Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate, whether Yllenus arenarius, a dune dwelling salticid, can ad- just its jumping distance when hunting prey of high or low escapability risk. It was found that the spiders possess a conditional hunting strategy, depending on the prey’s potential ability to escape. The spiders jumped from significantly longer distance on prey that can escape than on prey that cannot escape, thus decreasing the risk of detection and the escape of prey. There were found no significant differences in relative jumping distances within prey types between juveniles (in first and second year of life) and adults (in third year of life), suggesting, that flexibility in attack behaviour is inherited rather than learned. Key words: behaviour; predation; jumping distance; conditional strategy; Salticidae; spiders INTRODUCTION while others practically cannot escape (e.g. This article is part of a wider study (Bartos Thysanoptera and larvae of Lepidoptera). Irre- 2000) concerning predatory versatility of a sal- spective of prey type, spiders approach the ticid spider, Yllenus arenarius Menge, 1868. -
Arachnologische Mitteilungen 43:66-78 Nuremberg, July 2012
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; Arachnologische Mitteilungen 43:66-78 Nuremberg, July 2012 Assemblages of herb-dwelling spiders (Araneae) of various steppe types in Ukraine and the Central Chernozem region of Russia Nina Y. Polchaninova doi;10.5431/aramit4312 Abstract; A total of 107 spider species from 15 families were recorded in the herbaceous vegetation of the steppe ecosystems of Ukraine and the Central Chernozem region of Russia. Araneidae,Thomisidae,Salticidae and Theridiidae were the most species-rich. The species composition depended on the steppe type; adjacent forest habitats influenced steppe fauna in the forest-steppe and northern part of the steppe natural zone.The number of generalist, forest and wetland dwelling species in the steppe vegetation showed a tendency to decrease towards the south. Dominance of herb-dwelling spiders was specific to each steppe type; no single species was found to predominate in all the steppe habitats. Key words: dominance structure, species distribution, spider communities, steppe ecosystems Steppes are the most transformed ecosystem in assemblages (CHERNOV 1975). Habitat preference of Ukraine. The steppe natural zone comprises 40% of species depends on the natural zone (KÜHNELT 1943, the country and about 80% of this territory was once Walter i960, Bei-BienkO 1966). According to the covered with steppe vegetation. Presently, only 3% so-called principle of zonal change of habitats’ (BEI- of relatively undisturbed virgin steppes have survived BIENKO 1966), or the principle of‘relative stenotopy’ intact. They are preserved mainly in nature reserves (Schaefer 1992), widespread species moving north- or on gully slopes and saline lands not suitable for wards can change their habitats to dryer warmer open agriculture (KOTENKO 1996).