DOCSLIB.ORG

General Interstellar Issue

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
General Interstellar Issue Journal of the British Interplanetary Society VOLUME 71 NO.12 DECEMBER 2018 General interstellar issue SOLAR SYSTEM ESCAPE MISSION WITH SOLAR SAIL SPACECRAFT within a framework of post-Newtonian Gravitational Theory Olga L. Starinova & Irina V. Gorbunova DO ALIEN CIVILISATIONS EXIST? Derek Pugsley HEAT TRANSFER IN FUSION STARSHIP Radiation Shielding Systems Michel Lamontagne THE HALO DRIVE: FUEL-FREE RELATIVISTIC PROPULSION of large masses via recycled boomerang photons David Kipping INDEX Volume 71, 2018 www.bis-space.com ISSN 0007-084X PUBLICATION DATE: 28 FEBRUARY 2019 Submitting papers International Advisory Board to JBIS JBIS welcomes the submission of technical Rachel Armstrong, Newcastle University, UK papers for publication dealing with technical Peter Bainum, Howard University, USA reviews, research, technology and engineering in astronautics and related fields. Stephen Baxter, Science & Science Fiction Writer, UK James Benford, Microwave Sciences, California, USA Text should be: James Biggs, e University of Strathclyde, UK ■ As concise as the content allows – typically 5,000 to 6,000 words. Shorter papers (Technical Notes) Anu Bowman, Foundation for Enterprise Development, California, USA will also be considered; longer papers will only Gerald Cleaver, Baylor University, USA be considered in exceptional circumstances – for Charles Cockell, University of Edinburgh, UK example, in the case of a major subject review. Ian A. Crawford, Birkbeck College London, UK ■ Source references should be inserted in the text in square brackets – [1] – and then listed at the Adam Crowl, Icarus Interstellar, Australia end of the paper. Eric W. Davis, Institute for Advanced Studies at Austin, USA ■ Illustration references should be cited in Kathryn Denning, York University, Toronto, Canada numerical order in the text; those not cited in the Martyn Fogg, Probability Research Group, UK text risk omission. Raghavan Gopalaswami, Aerospace Researcher, India ■ Captions must be labelled with their Fig. number and should be as short as possible. Lamartine Guimarães, Institute for Advanced Studies, Brazil Mark Hempsell, Hempsell Astronautics Ltd, UK Illustrations should be: Takuto Ishimatsu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA ■ Colour or mono, but should be as close to print Les Johnson, Marshall Space Flight Center, USA resolution (300 dpi) as possible. Poor-quality illustrations may compromise the acceptance of Terry Kammash, University of Michigan, USA paper for publication. Images embedded in Word Kelvin F. Long, Initiative for Interstellar Studies documents may be acceptable, but JBIS reserves Inoue Makoto, Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics Academia Sinica, Taiwan the right to request separate higher-resolution Gregory L. Matlo, City University New York, USA image files from the author prior to publication. Koichi Mori, Nagoya University, Japan ■ Responsibility for copyright clearance of images rests entirely with the author. Richard Obousy, Richard Obousy Consulting LLC, USA Robert Parkinson, BIS, Aylesbury, UK Submission of papers George Schmidt, NASA John H Glenn Research Center, Ohio, USA ■ Papers for consideration should be sent by Paul Schuch, e SETI League Inc, USA email to [email protected] as both a Word document and as a Word PDF file (in order to Tabitha Smith, Bifrost, USA check for font anomalies), together with any Andreas Tziolas, Variance Dynamical Corporation, USA separate image files. Chris Welch, e International Space University, Strasbourg, France ■ If a paper is accepted for publication, the Friedwardt Winterberg, University of Nevada, Reno, USA author will be asked to sign a License to Publish form. This can be downloaded at www.bis- space.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/ WebsiteLicense.pdf. ■ Authors will receive a complimentary copy of the issue in which their paper appears. Editor Roger Longstaff Deputy Editor Duncan Law-Green Associate Editors Stephen Ashworth, We respectfully ask authors to adhere to these Keith Cooper, Stephen Gamble, Paul Gilster, Rob Swinney, Production MP3 Media guidelines. Failure to do so will result in the Promotion Gill Norman JBIS Office British Interplanetary Society, Arthur C. Clarke House, delay of acceptable papers for publication. 27-29 South Lambeth Road, London, SW8 1SZ, United Kingdom tel +44 (0)20 7735 3160 email [email protected] www.bis-space.com Our full Guidelines for Authors can be downloaded DISTRIBUTION from www.bis-space.com JBIS is distributed worldwide by mail and may be received by annual subscription or purchase of single copies. It is available through membership of the British Interplanetary Society at much reduced rates. Subscription details for members, non-members and libraries are available from the above address. JBIS is a publication that promotes the mission of the British Interplanetary Society. Opinions expressed in signed articles are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editor or the Council of the British Interplanetary Society. Security clearance, where necessary, is the responsibility of the author. Published by the British Interplanetary Society. Registered Company No: 402498. Registered Charity No: 250556. Printed by Latimer Trend & Company Ltd, Estover Road, Plymouth, PL6 7PY, England. © 2018 British Interplanetary Society. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording by any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission from the Publishers. CONTENTS VOLUME 71 NO.12 DECEMBER 2018 438 SOLAR SYSTEM ESCAPE MISSION WITH SOLAR SAIL SPACECRAFT within a framework of post-Newtonian Gravitational Theory Olga L. Starinova & Irina V. Gorbunova 443 DO ALIEN CIVILISATIONS EXIST? Derek Pugsley 450 HEAT TRANSFER IN FUSION STARSHIP Radiation Shielding Systems Michel Lamontagne 458 THE HALO DRIVE: FUEL-FREE RELATIVISTIC PROPULSION of large masses via recycled boomerang photons David Kipping 469 INDEX Vol 71, 2018 OUR MISSION STATEMENT The British Interplanetary Society promotes the exploration and use of space for the benet of humanity, connecting people to create, educate and inspire, and advance knowledge in all aspects of astronautics. JBIS Vol 71 No.12 December 2018 437 JBIS VOLUME 71 2018 PAGES 438–442 SOLAR SYSTEM ESCAPE MISSION WITH SOLAR SAIL SPACECRAFT within a framework of post-Newtonian Gravitational Theory OLGA L. STARINOVA, IRINA V. CHERNYAKINA, Samara National Research University, Samara, 443086, Russian Federation. Email [email protected] The motion of the spacecraft with a solar sail under the action of the force of gravity of the Sun and the force of light pressure is considered. The force of gravity can be described in terms of the post Newtonian field theory of gravitation. We suppose that the solar sail has a planar and perfectly reflecting surface, the normal to the sail’s surface lies in the plane of motion, and the spacecraft has a planar heliocentric orbit. We consider the problem of achieving the spacecraft maximum total energy at a given time of flight. The initial phase coordinates of the spacecraft are the averaged heliocentric coordinates of the Earth. The spacecraft control is performed by changing the pitch angle between the normal vector to the surface of the solar sail and the radial direction. An optimal control is obtained in an analytical form using the Pontryagin’s maximum principle, under the assumption, that the plane of the movement of the spacecraft is normal to the axis of rotation of the Sun. Keywords: Interstellar Mission, Solar Sail Spacecraft, Post-Newtonian Gravitational Theory 1 INTRODUCTION Dachwald [1, 2] show, that when spacecra is performing such a maneuver, there are sectors where the spacecra is moving Flight to the stars is the most exciting and fascinating chal- near the rotating gravitating body (the Sun) and the spacecra lenge for modern and possibly future aerospace science and velocity becomes comparable with the speed of light (up to 0.1 technology. Interstellar missions using chemical or even elec- c). In this case, the search for optimal control and modeling of tric propulsions require such high launch speeds and an enor- the movement should be carried out within the framework of mous huge amount of fuel, which is not provided by modern the post-Newtonian theory of gravity. e force of gravity can spacecra and rocket vehicles. But even if these requirements be described in terms of the post Newtonian eld theory of are met, ight to the nearest star system will last hundreds of gravitation, in the same way as in the works of Kezerashvili and years. Using solar sail spacecra is one of the real opportuni- Vázquez-Poritz [3, 4]. ties to perform interstellar ights in an acceptable time. e advantage of a solar sail spacecra is the lack of fuel that in- In order to gain the maximum cruise speed, the solar sail creases the payload in comparison with a jet propulsion space- should approach as close as possible to the Sun. For instance, a cra. e disadvantage of a solar sail spacecra is the depend- recent study [5] shows that aer sail deployment from parabolic ence of its acceleration on the distance to the Sun: the farther orbit with 0.1 AU perihelion, a 937 m radius beryllium hollow from the Sun, the less is the pressure of sunlight and, thereby, body solar sail with a sail mass of 150 kg and a payload mass of the acceleration of the sail. Beyond the solar system, the pres- 150 kg reaches the inner Oort Comet Cloud at 2550 AU in 30 sure of sunlight and, accordingly, the eciency of the solar years. In Refs. [1, 2, 5-9] it is shown that in order to achieve the sail will approach to zero. In addition, the eciency of a solar maximum distance from the Sun in a minimum time, the solar sail depends on the sail loading (areal density), which is the sail must pass at a distance of less than 0.1 AU from the Sun. total mass of spacecra divided by the sail area. e smaller For example, the trajectory of the solar probe was presented in this ratio, the greater the acceleration due to the force of light Ref.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Table of Contents
    U UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date: 08/19/2009 I, Seher Kuyuldar (Tastan) , hereby submit this original work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D) in Chemistry It is entitled: Synthesis, Characterization and Redox Studies of Platinum and Palladium Complexes with mer-Coordinating Ligands Seher Kuyuldar Student Signature: This work and its defense approved by: Dr. William B. Connick Committee Chair: Dr. Michael Baldwin Dr. Carl Seliskar Approval of the electronic document: I have reviewed the Thesis/Dissertation in its final electronic format and certify that it is an accurate copy of the document reviewed and approved by the committee. Committee Chair signature: Dr. William B. Connick Synthesis, Characterization and Redox Studies of Platinum and Palladium Complexes with mer-Coordinating Ligands A dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D.) In the Department of Chemistry of the College of Arts and Sciences 2009 by Seher Kuyuldar (Tastan) B.S., Fatih University, 2002 Committee Chair: Dr. William B. Connick I Abstract Synthetic, structural, spectroscopic, and redox studies of platinum(II) and palladium(II) compounds with mer-coordinating ligands have been undertaken in an effort to better understand the role of the metal and the ligands in controlling d6/d8 electron-transfer reactions. A series of Pd(pip2NCN)X (pip2NCNH=1,3- bis(piperdylmethyl)benzene) and [Pd(pip2NNN)X]X (X=Cl, Br, I) (pip2NNN=2,6- bis(piperdyl-methyl)pyridine) complexes are reported.
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis and Characterizations of Novel Magnetic and Plasmonic Nanoparticles
    SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATIONS OF NOVEL MAGNETIC AND PLASMONIC NANOPARTICLES by NAWEEN DAHAL B.S., TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY, 1995 M.S., TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY, 1997 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2010 Abstract This dissertation reports the colloidal synthesis of iron silicide, hafnium oxide core-gold shell and water soluble iron-gold alloy for the first time. As the first part of the experimentation, plasmonic and superparamagnetic nanoparticles of gold and iron are synthesized in the form of core-shell and alloy. The purpose of making these nanoparticles is that the core-shell and alloy nanoparticles exhibit enhanced properties and new functionality due to close proximity of two functionally different components. The synthesis of core-shell and alloy nanoparticles is of special interest for possible application towards magnetic hyperthermia, catalysis and drug delivery. The iron-gold core-shell nanoparticles prepared in the reverse micelles reflux in high boiling point solvent (diphenyl ether) in presence of oleic acid and oleyl amine results in the formation of monodisperse core-shell nanoparticles. The second part of the experimentation includes the preparation of water soluble iron- gold alloy nanoparticles. The alloy nanoparticles are prepared for the first time at relatively low temperature (110 oC). The use of hydrophilic ligand 3-mercapto-1-propane sulphonic acid ensures the aqueous solubility of the alloy nanoparticles. Next, hafnium oxide core-gold shell nanoparticles are prepared for the first time using high temperature reduction method. These nanoparticles are potentially important as a high κ material in semiconductor industry.
    [Show full text]
  • A Sheffield Hallam University Thesis
    Vibrational spectroscopy studies of interdiffusion in polymer laminates and diffusion of water into polymer membranes. HAJATDOOST, Sohail. Available from the Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19741/ A Sheffield Hallam University thesis This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Please visit http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19741/ and http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html for further details about copyright and re-use permissions. Sheffield Hallam University REFERENCE ONLY ProQuest Number: 10697043 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10697043 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Vibrational Spectroscopy Studies of Interdiffusion in Polymer Laminates and Diffusion of Water into Polymer Membranes by Sohail Hajatdoost A thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements of Sheffield Hallam University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy October 1996 ABSTRACT Confocal Raman microspectroscopy has been used to study the interdiffusion in polymer laminates at the interfacial region between the constituent polymer layers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Drink Tank Sixth Annual Giant Sized [email protected]: James Bacon & Chris Garcia
    The Drink Tank Sixth Annual Giant Sized Annual [email protected] Editors: James Bacon & Chris Garcia A Noise from the Wind Stephen Baxter had got me through the what he’ll be doing. I first heard of Stephen Baxter from Jay night. So, this is the least Giant Giant Sized Crasdan. It was a night like any other, sitting in I remember reading Ring that next Annual of The Drink Tank, but still, I love it! a room with a mostly naked former ballerina afternoon when I should have been at class. I Dedicated to Mr. Stephen Baxter. It won’t cover who was in the middle of what was probably finished it in less than 24 hours and it was such everything, but it’s a look at Baxter’s oevre and her fifth overdose in as many months. This was a blast. I wasn’t the big fan at that moment, the effect he’s had on his readers. I want to what we were dealing with on a daily basis back though I loved the novel. I had to reread it, thank Claire Brialey, M Crasdan, Jay Crasdan, then. SaBean had been at it again, and this time, and then grabbed a copy of Anti-Ice a couple Liam Proven, James Bacon, Rick and Elsa for it was up to me and Jay to clean up the mess. of days later. Perhaps difficult times made Ring everything! I had a blast with this one! Luckily, we were practiced by this point. Bottles into an excellent escape from the moment, and of water, damp washcloths, the 9 and the first something like a month later I got into it again, 1 dialed just in case things took a turn for the and then it hit.
    [Show full text]
  • Long-Lived Hot-Carrier Light Emission and Large Blue Shift in Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Perovskites
    ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02684-w OPEN Long-lived hot-carrier light emission and large blue shift in formamidinium tin triiodide perovskites Hong-Hua Fang 1, Sampson Adjokatse1, Shuyan Shao1, Jacky Even 2 & Maria Antonietta Loi1 A long-lived hot carrier population is critical in order to develop working hot carrier photo- voltaic devices with efficiencies exceeding the Shockley–Queisser limit. Here, we report photoluminescence from hot-carriers with unexpectedly long lifetime (a few ns) in for- 1234567890():,; mamidinium tin triiodide. An unusual large blue shift of the time-integrated photo- luminescence with increasing excitation power (150 meV at 24 K and 75 meV at 293 K) is displayed. On the basis of the analysis of energy-resolved and time-resolved photo- luminescence, we posit that these phenomena are associated with slow hot carrier relaxation and state-filling of band edge states. These observations are both important for our under- standing of lead-free hybrid perovskites and for an eventual future development of efficient lead-free perovskite photovoltaics. 1 Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands. 2 Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l’Information (FOTON), UMR 6082, CNRS, INSA Rennes, Universitéde Rennes 1, Rennes 35708, France. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to M.A.L. (email: [email protected]) NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | (2018) 9:243 | DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02684-w | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 ARTICLE NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02684-w – fi ybrid organic inorganic perovskites have attracted the methods section.
    [Show full text]
  • Displays of Medici Wealth and Authority: the Acts of the Apostles and Valois Fêtes Tapestry Cycles
    University of Central Florida STARS Honors Undergraduate Theses UCF Theses and Dissertations 2019 Displays of Medici Wealth and Authority: The Acts of the Apostles and Valois Fêtes Tapestry Cycles Madison L. Clyburn University of Central Florida Part of the Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the UCF Theses and Dissertations at STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Undergraduate Theses by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Clyburn, Madison L., "Displays of Medici Wealth and Authority: The Acts of the Apostles and Valois Fêtes Tapestry Cycles" (2019). Honors Undergraduate Theses. 523. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses/523 DISPLAYS OF MEDICI WEALTH AND AUTHORITY: THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES AND VALOIS FÊTES TAPESTRY CYCLES by MADISON LAYNE CLYBURN A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors in the Major Program in Art History in the College of Arts & Humanities and in the Burnett Honors College at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term, 2019 Thesis Chair: Margaret Ann Zaho, Ph.D. © 2019 Madison Layne Clyburn ii ABSTRACT The objective of my research is to explore Medici extravagance, power, and wealth through the multifaceted artistic form of tapestries vis-à-vis two particular tapestry cycles; the Acts of the Apostles and the Valois Fêtes. The cycles were commissioned by Pope Leo X (1475- 1521), the first Medici pope, and Catherine de’ Medici (1519-1589), queen, queen regent, and queen mother of France.
    [Show full text]
  • The Study of the Pioneer Anomaly: New Data and Objectives for New
    The Study of the Pioneer Anomaly: New Data and Objectives for New Investigation Slava G. Turyshev,a Viktor T. Toth,b Larry R. Kellogg,c Eunice. L. Lau,a and Kyong J. Leea aJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA bvttoth.com, 3-575 Old St Patrick St., Ottawa ON K1N 9H5, Canada cNASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA1 Abstract The Pioneer 10/11 spacecraft yielded the most precise navigation in deep space to date. However, their radiometric tracking data has consistently indicated the presence of a small, anomalous, Doppler frequency drift. The drift is a blue shift, uniformly changing with a rate of ∼ 6 × 10−9 Hz/s and can be interpreted as a constant sunward acceleration of each particular spacecraft of aP = (8.74 ± −10 2 −18 2 1.33) × 10 m/s (or, alternatively, a time acceleration of at = (2.92 ± 0.44) × 10 s/s ). This signal has become known as the Pioneer anomaly; the nature of this anomaly remains unexplained. We discuss the current state of the efforts to retrieve the entire data sets of the Pioneer 10 and 11 radiometric Doppler data. We also report on the availability of recently recovered telemetry files that may be used to reconstruct the engineering history of both spacecraft using original project documentation and newly developed software tools. We discuss possible ways to further investigate the discovered effect using these telemetry files in conjunction with the analysis of the much extended Pioneer Doppler data. In preparation for this new upcoming investigation, we summarize the current knowledge of the Pioneer anomaly and review some of the mechanisms proposed for its explanation.
    [Show full text]
  • Pierangelo Metrangolo Giuseppe Resnati Editors Impact on Materials
    Topics in Current Chemistry 358 Pierangelo Metrangolo Giuseppe Resnati Editors Halogen Bonding I Impact on Materials Chemistry and Life Sciences 358 Topics in Current Chemistry Editorial Board: H. Bayley, Oxford, UK K.N. Houk, Los Angeles, CA, USA G. Hughes, CA, USA C.A. Hunter, Sheffield, UK K. Ishihara, Chikusa, Japan M.J. Krische, Austin, TX, USA J.-M. Lehn, Strasbourg Cedex, France R. Luque, Cordoba, Spain M. Olivucci, Siena, Italy J.S. Siegel, Nankai District, China J. Thiem, Hamburg, Germany M. Venturi, Bologna, Italy C.-H. Wong, Taipei, Taiwan H.N.C. Wong, Shatin, Hong Kong [email protected] Aims and Scope The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage includes all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether at the university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to larger scientific audience. Thus each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years should be presented. A description of the laboratory procedures involved is often useful to the reader. The coverage should not be exhaustive in data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented.
    [Show full text]
  • Fantask-Katalog Bøger.Pdf 428Kb
    Fantask Bogkatalog · 10-01-2020 1 Abercrombie, Joe 5. Mostly Harmless, kr. 80,00 Age of Madness, The (TPB) Roman. Science Fiction. 1. Little Hatred, A, kr. 195,00 Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (TPB) Roman. Fantasy. Ultimate Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, The, kr. First Law (TPB) 200,00 Roman. Science Fiction. Best Served Cold, kr. 130,00 Roman. Fantasy. Adams, Guy Heroes, The, kr. 130,00 Heaven's Gate Roman. Fantasy. 2. Once Upon a Time in Hell, kr. 80,00 Red Country, kr. 130,00 Roman. Science Fiction. Roman. Fantasy. 3. For a Few Souls More, kr. 80,00 Sharp Ends, kr. 120,00 Roman. Science Fiction. Novellesamling. Fantasy. Adams, John Joseph (Ed.) 2. Before They Are Hanged, kr. 130,00 Uden serie Roman. Fantasy. Cosmic Powers: A Saga Anthology of Far-Away 3. Last Argument of Kings, kr. 130,00 Galaxies (TPB), kr. 180,00 Roman. Fantasy. Novellesamling. Science Fiction. Antologi. Shattered Sea (TPB) Operation Arcana, kr. 90,00 1. Half a King, kr. 120,00 Novellesamling. Fantasy. Antologi. Roman. Fantasy. Adeyemi, Tomi 2. Half the World, kr. 120,00 Legacy of Orïsha (TPB) Roman. Fantasy. 1. Children of Blood and Bone, kr. 105,00 3. Half a War, kr. 120,00 Roman. Fantasy. Roman. Fantasy. 2. Children of Virtue and Vengeance, kr. 105,00 Abraham, Daniel Roman. Fantasy. Dagger and the Coin, The (TPB) Adornetto, Alexandra 1. Dragon's Path, The, kr. 120,00 Ghost House Saga, The (TPB) Roman. Fantasy. 1. Ghost House, kr. 130,00 2. King's Blood, The, kr.
    [Show full text]
  • A Novel Approach to Diamondlike Carbon Based
    A NOVEL APPROACH TO DIAMONDLIKE CARBON BASED MID-INFRARED ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTANCE SPECTROELECTROCHEMISTRY A Thesis Presented to The Academic Faculty by Nicola Menegazzo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry Georgia Institute of Technology May 2007 A NOVEL APPROACH TO DIAMONDLIKE CARBON BASED MID-INFRARED ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTANCE SPECTROELECTROCHEMISTRY Approved by: Dr. Boris Mizaikoff, Advisor Dr. Jiři Janata School of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Lawrence Bottomley Dr. William Hunt School of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Electrical and Computer Georgia Institute of Technology Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Miroslawa Josowicz Date Approved: November 6, 2006 School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Compton: "The Italian navigator has landed in the New World." Conant: "How were the natives?" Compton: "Very friendly." From Arthur Compton’s announcement to James Conant (chairman of the National Defense Research Committee) that Enrico Fermi had successfully achieved a self- sustained nuclear chain reaction on December 2nd, 1942. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Several people have been involved in the development of this work. I ask for the forgiveness of those individuals whose names are not mentioned here, as there would be too many for all to be included in the space allotted. I would like to thank Dr. Boris Mizaikoff and Dr. Christine Kranz for giving me the opportunity of working with them over the span of my graduate studies. Together, they provided a highly creative environment allowing nearly unrestricted exploration of countless topics, interests and ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • The Physics of Gravitational Redshifts in Clusters of Galaxies
    The Physics of Gravitational Redshifts in Clusters of Galaxies Nick Kaiser Institute for Astronomy, U. Hawaii Clusters of galaxies 14 15 • Largest bound virialised systems ~10 -10 Msun • Velocity dispersion σv~1000 km/s (~0.003c) 2 -5 2 • so grav. potential is φ ~ σv ~ 10 c • Centres - often defined by the brightest galaxy (BCG) • Usually very close to peak of light, X-rays, DM Clusters in the Millenium Simulation (Y. Cai) Gravitational redshift & uRSD 5 Figure 1. Top row: particle distributions within 10 Mpc/h radius from the main halo centre projected along one major axises of the simulation box. n in the label of the colour bars is the number of dark matter particles in each pixel. Middle row: the same zones but showing the potential values of all particles. Sub-haloes and neighbouring structures induce local potential minima. Bottom row: the gravitational redshift profileswithrespecttotheclustercentres.The dashed lines shows the spherical averaged profile, Φiso,whichisthesameasequal-directionalweightingfromthehalo centres. Sub-haloes and neighbours cause the mass weighted profiles Φobs to be biased low compared to the spherical averaging. This is similar to observations where the observed profiles are weighted by galaxies. ⃝c 0000 RAS, MNRAS 000,000–000 Wojtak, Hansen & Hjorth (Nature 2011) 0.8 Wojtek, Hansen & Hjorth stacked 7,800 0.7 0<R<1.1 Mpc • 1.1 Mpc<R<2.1 Mpc galaxy clusters from SDSS DR7 in 0.6 2.1 Mpc<R<4.4 Mpc redshift space 0.5 4.4 Mpc<R<6.0 Mpc 0.4 centres defined by the brightest 0.3 • 0.2 cluster galaxies (BCGs) 0.1 0 probability distribution approx 10 redshifts per cluster -0.1 • -0.2 -0.3 They found a net offset (blue-shift) -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 • 3 corresponding to v = -10 km/s vlos [10 km/s] 5 rv 2rv 3rv c.f.
    [Show full text]
  • Novacon 23 PR 2
    One 23 Report XS~ XaN Progress NOVACON NOVACON 23 Guest of Honour Stephen Baxter Royal Angus Hotel, Birmingham Friday 5th to Sunday 7th November 1993 COMMITTEE: Carol Mortonis chair with Bernie Evans doing Registra- tions; Richard Standage as Treasurer; Carol Morton has taken on the Programme,with assistance from Tony Morton; Helena Bowlesin charge of Ops and Tony Morton on Publications. STAFF: Chris Murphy,responsible for the Bookroom; John Harold who will arrange the Artshow and Martin Tudor Hotel Liaison. MEMBERSHIP and ENQUIRIES: This will cost £25 until Ist October when postal membershipsclose, then £30 on the door. Bernie Evans (121 Cape Hill, Smethwick, Warley, West Midlands, B66 4HStel: 021 558 0997) is the person to send your cheques to and will try to answer any convention enquiries. ROOM RATES : Twin/Double roomswill be £29.50 (per person) and Sin- gle rooms £33.50 per night. ADVERTISING RATES: Advertising is welcome for the next Progress Report and the Programme Book atthe following rates: Progress Report 3 (Professional) £22.50 full page, £17.50 half page, £7.50 quarter page £40 back covers; (Fan) £17 full page, £9.50 half page, £5 quarter page £30 back cover. Programme Book (Professional) £45 full page, £25 half page, £15 quarter page, £80 back cover; (Fan) £22.50 full page, £12.50 half page, £7.50 quarter page, £40 back cover. Anyone interested should approach Tony Morton at 14 Park Street, Lye, Stourbridge, West Midlands, DY9 8SS (0384 897206). Deadlines camera ready advertising copy is PR3 20 August and the Programme Book 17 September.
    [Show full text]