Alice of Korea by Marion Wallace Reninger
CHAPTER I Family Background In his book, "A Modern Pioneer in Korea," published in 1912, William Elliot Griffis states:- "Appenzeller of Korea built himself a living stone into Christian Chosen (Korea). The coming of a live, typical American Christian in 1885, into the mysterious hermit kingdom was like an invincible stream of light. He found Korea in bal'barism. He left the "Land of Morning Calm" full of hope, promise and attainment." Alice Appenzeller was the oldest of his four children. True to the ideals and dedication of her parents, she spent thirty-five years of her life in developing a new outlook and opportunity for the women of Korea. Ewha University in Seoul, Korea, stands as a real tribute to her. She carried out her parent's vision of a new way of life in this Oriental country. Henry Gerhart Appenzeller, her father, was born and raised in Souderton, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, of Swiss and German stock. Her forefathers from the Province of Appenzell in Switzer land brought to America their sturdy heritage as settlers and farmers in William Penn's colony. German was the language of the household, although young Henry went to the public schools where the English language was spoken. After completing his grade school education and being con firmed in the German Reformed Church his family attended, he was sent to the Teachers' Training School of West Chester, Penn sylvania, to prepare for college. It was here at a revival meet ing, conducted by a Presbyterian evangelist named Fulton, that Henry was truly converted and became a dedicated Christian. He always referred to the date, October 6, 1876, as his spiritual birthday. Following his time at West Chester, he matriculated at Frank lin and Marshall College in Lancaster. This was a German Re formed Church college to which faith his family belonged. Henry enjoyed his college years in Lancaster. There was no lack of in- I I I I I i 110 LANCASTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TRINITY 1970 ALICE OF KOREA 111 spiration, culture, and patriotic associations here. He attended The ground was sodded. In the center was formed a circular flo services at churches of the various denominations. He wrote in wer bed, and in each corner a triangle was planted with seeds. his diary, which he always kept meticulously during his whole life, as follows:- Somehow, in little ways, she wanted to create a home where beauty and happiness could flourish. She hung curtains at the win "! was particularly attracted to the prayer and class meetings dows. She baked home-made bread, whose aroma would permeate of the Methodist Church." After studying the minutes of the the new home. When her husband would return from a long trip Philadelphia Conference held April 16, 1879, by which he was on horseback to the provinces in the vicinity of Seoul, he would greatly impressed, he wrote on April 20, 1879, "Today all my always find cleanliness and comfort. lt was as much like a typical previous thoughts and debates about the change from the Reformed American home as could be created on the other side of the world. to the Methodist Church were ended and I was taken into full Soon the Appenze!lers were expecting an addition to the family. membership of the Methodist Church." What joy came to the little household when on November 6, 1885, a child was born! She was the first Christian white child born in Before graduating from college, he made the decision to go Korea. Her name was Alice Rebecca. into the ministry. As a college junior, he wrote in his diary. "The ambition of my life is to spend it entirely in the service of my Lord." Her mother often related stories about the sensation created among the natives of Korea, when they saw Alice. She had curly At Drew Seminary, Madison, New Jersey, he pursued his theo golden hair and beautiful blue eyes. The native "amah" could logical studies. There he met inspiring professors and congenial never take her out for an airing without a retinue of curious people fellow students. He graduated in 1882. Having definitely decided who wanted to look at the little white baby. If the curtain at the to go as a missionary to the foreign field of Korea, he wrote a long window opened even a little crack, Mrs. Appenzeller could see faces letter to Miss Ella Dodge, whom he had chosen as his life com peering in. Any space, to see her when taking care of the baby, panion, a young lady of Lancaster and a member of its Methodist was occupied. It was almost impossible to have any privacy. But Church. She was willing to follow her betrothed and accompany Koreans love children, and the appearance of little Alice opened him as his wife to this country far across the seas. the way to their interest in the new Christian missionaries. Ella Dodge had come to Lancaster when her family moved Soap was almost unknown there, but now cleanliness became there for business reasons in 1879. They were descended from the one of the virtues of a Christian life. As Alice grew older, she New England Dodges. They had made their home in Berlin, Ren was allowed to play with the children at the end of their yard at saeller County, New York. Her education was completed at the the gate house. Here she learned to chatter away in the native famous Emma Willard School for Girls in Troy, New York. After tongue. Also she acquired a lifelong enjoyment of the Korean their marriage in the Methodist Church in Lancaster, on Decem food. On occasion, she was found to be trading her own lunch ber 17, 1884, the young couple visited the Appenzeller family in for theirs. Souderton. Friends in America managed to send boxes of apple, pear. and Then on February 1, 1885, with the medical missionary, Dr. cherry shoots which were grafted then on Korean trees, adding to W. B. Scranton, his wife and his mother. they sailed from San the pleasure of having their own flower.s blooming. Man:v of th_ese Francisco for Korea. After a short stay in .Japan, they landed in bore fruits much to the benefit of Amencan and Korean dwts al!ke. Korea on Easter Sunday, April 5, 1885. By July, their 0\\11 house It was a source of joyful surprise to the young minister that the was ready to be occupied, and the Appenzellers moved into their deep interest of the Koreans in little Alice opened doors of oppor new home in Seoul. tunity. Jn this \\'ay, Koreans obtained ideas and ideals of Chris tianity which the missionary's formal training in scholarship and CHAPTER JI theology failed to achie\'e. In a truly human way, the "touch of Childhood in Korea nature made the two worlds kin." While the Rev. Henry Appenzeller was exploring what to him In due time, the Appenzellers became the parents of another was the new and unknown country of Korea, his young wife. Ella lovely daughter, Ida, a son Henry Dodge Appenzeller, and the baby Dodge Appenzeller, was planning how to create a real home for J\lary. Results from Henry Appenzeller's efforts and work among them. She had brought with her a few packets of flower seeds. the Korean people were slow. He traveled to the large cities in the Now she was asking American friends to send her a package of north of Korea. As he rode along, he saw women hard at work seeds in their letters to her. In front of the house was a square in the fields, with babies strapped to their backs. At times. he was lot, muddy and desolate. She decided to have a small garden. entertained by the officials and here was served the very hot pep- TRIN'ITY LANCASTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY 112 pery and spicy foods they ate. Sometimes he could hardly swal· low these foods, but he tried never to offend his hosts. It was a day of real thanksgiving when he received word from the American Methodist Mission Board that four thousand dollars ($4000) was to be sent for him to build a school for boys. This was a gift of the American people to Korea. This school was the first educational edifice of its kind in the kingdom and a creditable piece of architecture in the foreign style. Of course, the missionary spent several hours every day in studying the language. He was always proficient in the study of languages. He knew German and had studied Greek and French in college. This was of great value when later he helped to translate the New Testament into Korean. As soon as his school was open, the boys crowded in. The people brought their sons and begged him to take them to live with his own family. They had seen how well his household was man· aged. People were attracted to him for his wholesome joy of liv· ing. He told stories and jokes in public. When he sat at the piano at his house and the family stood around, all singing favorite hymns and songs, the workmen outside dropped their tools to listen. Mrs. Appenzeller had four Korean house servants, all for the same amount one would pay for one woman in America for domes tic help. There was a cook. a house boy, a nurse (amah), and the gateman. This last one washed and scrubbed and helped in many other ways. The Appenzellers enjoyed social contacts with other American and British residents as members of The Social Union. It was a great refreshment of spirit, after working with the native people, to join with others of similar tastes and habits for a change. Little Alice at an early age went with her parents to teas, garden parties. and picnics. They were a sociable family, with singing as one of their greatest delights. "But my ambition," wrote Henry Appenzeller, "'is mainly to de· liver imd spread the message of Jesus Christ .... to save souls." Through a young U. S. Na\'al lieutenant at 1he Embassy in 1886, the kmg gave a name to the new school for boys. lt \\"as "Pai Chai" meaning ··The Hall for Rearing Useful ;\!en." lt was a help to ha\'e royal appro,·al. On Easter Sunday. April 8. 1887. the minister baptized his first convert. a woman, and the Lord's Supper was celebrated. That year at Chnstmas a service was held in a room in the Appenzellcr's own home. During the years of beginnings. the young man made all sorts of contacts- in the city streets, engaging people in con\'ersations, in the country by talking to the people. by personal appeals to in· dividuals, and in public discourse. He edited a magazine. The Korean Christian Advocate. He started the printing press to func· 1970 ALICE OF KOREA 113 tion again and organized a library. In 1892, the Mission Board ordered Henry Appenzeller home for a year's furlough. This time there was a wife and three children to make the trip from Japan to San Francisco on the steamer, "Empress of China." Among the best known fellow passengers were Mr. and Mrs. Rudyard Kipling.
CHAPTER III Girlhood in Lancaster In September, 1SJ2, at Miss Stahr's School, 612 North Duke Street, Lancaster, a new pupil was enrolled. Her name was Alice Appenzeller. She was about sixteen, and it was said she was the daughter of missionaries in the Orient. She was tall and very good looking. She had a few little odd ways of speaking which in trigued the other girls. For example, she would ask about a pass ing student, "What was that girl's front name?" The girls laughed and said, "We call it her first name - not her front name!" Alice laughed, too, and replied, "I lived in Korea and some times I express things very poorly in English." Then the other students would ask her to sing a little song in Korean. She always was good natured about doing this. In a short time she made good friends of her schoolmates. She was invited to their homes. Her family attended the Methodist Church regularly. Alice liked to go about with members of other churches. She had classmates from Trinity Lutheran, the First and St. Paul's Reformed, and the First Presbyterian, and she went to all these churches to visit at one time or another. She enjoyed the music especially and sang hymns with great pleasure. During the Lenten season, she particularly liked to attend special services at St. James Episcopal Church. After the Reverend Mr. Appenzeller's second furlough in America, he had left his family to stay for a year or so with friends in Chester County, Pennsylvania, and had returned to Korea. He had sailed from the port of Chemulpo, on a Japanese steamer, on a trip to consult other missionaries. During the night the steamer collided with another boat and sank. The minister went down with the ship, and his body was never recovered. He died trying to save a little girl, who was on her way home from her boarding school. She had been placed in his care by her teacher. He could have escaped, as a fellow passenger did, by jumping to a part of the boat still afloat. But he turned back to try to save the child. The news of this terrible tragedy was brought to lllrs. Appenzel ler in Lancaster, where she was now living at the corner of North Lime and Clay Streets, next to the Hubley Drug Store. She had moved there to live near her brother, Byron Dodge, and his family who also lived on North Lime Street at that time. 114 LANCASTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TRINITY Mrs. Appenzeller was left with four children - three daugh ters and a son. Alice was just sixteen, and the baby Mary was only seven. The one person she could turn to for any advice and help was her brother, who had a family of his own. But he never failed to assist her in every way he could as they were closely at tached to each other. Her ambition was to bring up her children with all possible advantages and to give them all a good education to prepare them for a full and satisfying life. She had very little money. The members of the Methodist Church welcomed the family and proved to be real friends to all the Appenzellers. The girls at Miss Stahr's School were daughters of the leading families of Lancaster, both socially and financially. They enjoyed visiting at Alice's home where the furniture included beautiful teakwood chests and tables and odd brass ornaments shipped from their fbrmer home in Korea. It was a place of happy laughter. Mrs. Appenzeller offered genuine if simple hospitality. She cooked and sewed and never failed to welcome visitors. She had a strong personality behind her serene face. In spite of great difficulties, she planned for her children's education. After being graduated from Miss Stahr's School-Alice in 1905, and Ida in 1910-both girls attended Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts. One of the principals of the school Alice had attended in Lan caster was Helen Russell Stahr, whose father was the president of Franklin and Marshall College. Helen Stahr herself was a gradu ate of Wellesley. Her co-principal was Alice Hill Byrne, a Lan caster girl who taught in the public schools there before she, too, obtained her B. A. degree at Wellesley. Miss Stahr's School was rather small but stressed quality in education rather than the number of students enrolled. The girls knew their teachers intimately. To this very day, the influence of the students at this school has made a strong impact on Lancaster culture, refinement, and general mode of life. Later Miss Stahr's School was merged with another school to form the Shippen School for Girls. The successor of the latter is the coeducational Lancas ter Country Day School, which to this day maintains a high rating among independent schools. Henry Dodge Appenzeller was the third child in the family. \Vith the help of friends. his mother sent him to the Franklin and l\!arshall Academy to prepare for college. He then attended Frank lin and Marshall, the same college from which his father had been graduated. Having later decided to become a minister, young Henry graduated from Princeton University and its Theological School. Mary, the youngest child, made warm friends in both day and Sunday schools. Later she attended Miss Stahr's School, as her sisters had done. Mrs. Appenzeller could not afford to take her children on trips very often; but her brother, Byron Dodge, still owned the home- 1970 ALICE OF KOREA 115 stead in Berlin, New York. During many pleasant summers, the family enjoyed the simple country life there. It was the only time the mother had any respite from her busy life in Lancaster. She had a cheerful personality - utterly unselfish. The greatest re ward for all she did was to see the children grow up a credit to their parents and become worthwhile persons themselves. In 1905, Alice entered Wellesley College with four of her Lan caster classmates. She was a member of the Wellesley College Choir from the time of her entrance until her graduation. She always felt it a real privilege to be trained in singing with the ex cellent musicians there. Her stately appearance and good voice contributed to the choral procession of young girls in daily chapel, as well as the Sunday services which in those days were compulsory. She made many friends among her Wellesley classmates and took part in diversified activities, as well as faithfully studying her college courses. As a sophomore, she joined the Agora Society. One of the earlier members of that group had been Helen Warren, later the wife of General of the U.S. Army John G. Pershing. Alice profited in every way by the advantages of a first-class educa tion. She entered into the spirit of the institution, learned to know her professors well. She was a friendly person, and the students liked her to join in their activities. It was an advantage to be so near to Boston and its cultural heritage. After her graduation in 1909, she was offered a position as a teacher at the Shippen School. Her subjects were German and history. She taught there until 1915, when she decided to go back to Korea. In l!ll3, while living in Lancaster with her mother, she attended the wedding of Jessie Wilson, daughter of President Woodrow Wilson, to Francis Savre. As an active mcmbe,. of the Student Vol unteer movement and of the Y.W.C.A. at Wellesley, she had met J cssie Wilson, a graduate of Goucher College in Baltimore. They had attended summer conferences at Lake George, New York, and became close friends. l\'.lrs. Appenzeller was happy to see Alice go as a guest to the \Vhite House \\'edding. She looked handsome in a costume of blue velvet with a matching hat trimmed with a Jong ostrich feather. Francis Sayre was the nephew of the l\IissC's Alice and Blanche Nevin of Lancaster. His grandfather was the eminent theologian. the Rev. Dr. John W. Nevin, who was president of Franklin and l\Iar shall College. Francis' uncle, the Rev. Robe1i Nevin, lived in Rome, Italy, and served as rector of the English church there until his death. In family tradition, the son of Francis and Jessie Wilson Sayre is the Very Reverend Francis Sayre, Jr., who is the Dean of the National Cathedral in Washington, D. C. -
116 LANCASTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TRINITY CHAPTER IV Life in Korea When Alice went back to Korea in 1915, it was the fulfillment of a hope she had cherished. For several years she had wanted to go "out home" again, as she called Korea, and carry on the work her parents had begun. While she felt keenly the separation from her family, the events of the last few years had led her to ease her mind from apprehension about them. Ida had finished Wellesley and had a position, making her own way. Henry was almost through his course at the Princeton Theological Seminary and in a short time would be installed as pastor in a church of his own .. The plan, which was eventually carried out, was for his mother and Mary to go to live with him and preside over his household wherever he settled. Alice now was accepted by the Methodist Church board as a missionary teacher in Korea. To her great surprise and pleasure, after she had been back in Korea only a few months, the ability to understand and speak the Korean language, which she had used as a child, returned to her. Of course she studied hard. She began to teach at Ewha Kinder· garten School. In 1915 she attended Training School and later be· came Vice Principal of the College and Lower School. The Korean language was a phonetic system alphabet and syl labary in one. When the missionaries Appenzeller and Underwood discovered the treasures of the Emmun alphabet, they used it for the translation of the New Testament. Alice's father had set him self to the mastery of the written and spoken use of the Korean language. This was scorned by the Korean scholars as "The Dirty Writing" because it was so easy. Appenzeller had translated as his share, the gospels of Matthew and Mark and the I and II Corinthians. When the New Testament was completed, a Service of Thanksgiv ing was held m September, l!lOO, at the First Methodist Church in Seoul to celebrate the completion of this task. Alice thus learned to speak and write Korean fairly soon. In 1917 she studied for two months in Fukuoka. Japan. and learned the Japanese language because it was the official language used by the Japanese who dominated Korea from 1910 to 1945. She constantly kept up her music studies and sang in church and choral servces in Seoul. She wrote numerous articles for church and missionary magazines both in Korea, in the United States and Canada. She held office all at the same time in the following organi zations: The Royal Asiatic Society, Seoul The Seoul Women's Club 1970 ALICE OF KOREA 117 The Seoul Music Club The Christian Educational Association The Seoul Union (recreational) Alice felt deeply the death of her mother who had been living with Henry. But now Ida and Henry were both married, and Mary lived with friends until her marriage to the Rev. John Lacey. The Laceys lived in Korea for some years. By 1921, she came to America on a year's furlough. During this period she studied at Columbia University in New York and earned her Master's Degree in Education in 1922 before returning to Korea. In New York that year she took advantage of the many
Ali<"<' App<•nwll<•r. Ol"lolll'r 1935. E\\ ha Co:l<•g<'. Seoul, Korea. cultural opportunities. She sang in the choir of the Ri\·erside Church when the Re\'. H::irry Fosclick was the pastor. During the vacations. she \'isitecl in Lancaster ancl with dose college friends. The year passed quickly. ancl she went back to Ell'ah. In 1922, when Alice returned to Korea. she was made Presi dent of Ewha College for Girls in Seoul. She carried on as president until 1938. During these years she \\"as busy as a teacher. In her own words about her full life at this time, \Vellesley College has sent us the following account: 118 LANCASTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TRINITY
She received an M.A. from Columbia U., Teachers College, in 1922, and in 1937 an Honorary Doctor of Pedagogy (Pd. D.) from Boston University. She was ordained a minister of the Korean Methodist Church in 1932. Here is what Alice wrote of herself:- 'Anybody might have found it, But God's whisper came to me,' said Kipling's Explorer. 'The fact that I was .born in Seoul, and that I returned to my heritage in Korea has given me the great advantage that comes from deep rootage. When I was made President of Ewha College in 1922, it was a little school of 25, one department in a large school on a crowded city site. I had been teaching in the College since 1915, and had taken my M.A. while on furlough. 'The pressing need for new accommodations for the growing col· lege, the only one for girls in Korea, was uppermost in my mind, and it was laid on me to try to secure money to buy a beautiful plot al· ready selected. In 1923 a passing tourist whom I was showing about the school gave $30,000, with which the land was bought In 1930, on my next furlough, I secured sufficient funds for the first three build· ings. In 1935 the college of 300 girls moved into the handsome stone buildings on the beautiful campus; by 1940, when Japanese pressure made it necessary for the missionaries to evacuate. there were eight buildings, including three residences and a large dormitory. 'Dr. Helen Kim. an alumna, the first Korean president, succeeded me in 1939, and carried the College triumphantly through the war years. There are now o\•er 800 girls studying in many departments. A large science building, which will be completed in 1950, is named Appenzeller Hall.' Another great honor came to Alice Appenzeller from the Jap· anese Government on November 8, 1935, when she formally received the Blue Ribbon Medal before the Imperial Throne in the Govern ment-General building. She is the first woman who has gained such appreciation in Korea. The honorary certificate which accompanied the medal bears the following:
CERTIFICATE l\liss Alice R. Appcmeller, a citizen of the United States of Amer· ka, has contributed lo the dc\'elopment of women's cd\lcalion in Korea as a teacher in Ewha College. Later. upon a'sllming the prl'si dency, she labored efTl'rlively for the estahlt
i I 1970 ALICE OF KOREA 119 In 1940, when Japanese pressure made it necessary for the American missionaries to evacuate Korea, Alice returned to the United States for two years. She lived for a time in California and for over a year took a place on the faculty of Scarritt College, Nash ville, Tennessee, a college for Christian workers. Her brother, Henry, was installed as pastor at the large Metho dist Church in Honolulu, Hawaii, where he ministered to many natives of Korea who were living there. In 1942, Alice obtained permission to join him there and sailed on a transport with troops to live in Hawaii and be a worker among the Korean people whose language she knew. She taught Bible classes and Sunday School. Some of her former faculty in Korea were also in Hawaii, and with Henry's family and friends she spent two busy years. Here is an extract from a letter she wrote at this time:- 520 Fort St., Honolulu 39, Hawaii July 10, 1944 The church work continues in interest, vitalized by a larger partici pation ,by the young peOJ)le, whose Fellowship is growing. They took charge of the Sunday services on Mother's and Father's Days. While Bishop Baker was with us in March he helped dedicate a service flag with 56 stars for the boys from this congregation, of K<>rean ancestry, who are serving the cause of liberty. Recently Mrs. Lim, the pastor's wife, organized a Red Cross unit in this church. I have been asked to conduct and interpret for five Sunday rooming services this sum· mer while the pastor takes a long-delayed vacation. The religious education work in the public schools stopped the end of May and on June first I took my first airplane trip to the island of Maui, less than an hour away. I was miserably sick, but did not mind the return trip. I spoke to two groups that day, and the next day arrived on the plantation island of Lanai, where one goes by steam launch, quite like a country trip in Korea. In fact, the warm welcome I l"eceived from the group of some 200 Koreans there, their generous hospitality and response to my teaching were in the good old tradition. After the welcome meeting, banquet and services of Satu1•day and Sunday they urged me to extend my visit, so I stayed a fUll week, holding classes for fottr days. The children came after school, and I gave them studies in the life of St. Paul; in the evenings their parents had U1e same material in Korean, but treated differently. Since the death of the pastor there has been no ordained man for this church. l\lr. Park, retired, spent three months there last winter, and the leader 111 charge, l\Ir. Andrew Park, a gradu· ate of Paichai, my brother's school in Korea. and his fine wife are doing what they can. It is gratifying to hear of new leadership in the Sundav School and mcreased mterest m church work this sum mer. I find myself more interested in direct religious teaching now than in anything else. ThC'J"e is 'so little time,' especially in pre paring the Koreans for the responsibilities of independence, that I want it all to count. By 1946 Alice was on her way back to Korea. The Japanese had left, and Ewha College could be set up again. She had been instructed to take her own household goods and everything she needed for maintenance as inflation made normal living impossible. Her brother Henry had been given a year's leave of absence from 120 LANCASTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TRINITY the First Methodist Church in Honolulu to work in Korea for the United States State Department. She was happy to be back at Ewha. Here is an extract from one of her letters:- Yes, much of the U.S. Army is being withdrawn, many Army de pendents are leaving and there is big talk about impending dangers and difficulties. But the atmosphere has cleared since our good people of South Korea, 20 million population, went out 90% plus to vote at their first Gene,ral Election and won a brilliant victory for democracy. Have you heard of the villages that marched in phalanx formation with armed police first, then able-bodied young men with clubs and spears, then voters, old people and women, and the a·ear in reverse? This was because their Jives had been threatened if they went to the polls. Over 300 have been killed in S. Korea this year, but the people all are showing great courage in opposing the Communist forces which are determined to enslave them. The fiercest spiritual conflict is going on here and each of us has a part to play in defense of Christian democratic ideas. We could have the most wonderful time in the missionary history of Korea now if it were not for the Communists-a glorious welcome, every opportunity for church school, social work, also the most in teresting backing we've ever had from America. Conditions are more difficult than I have ever known them; I have never been so busy with teaching, heavy conunittee work, both Ewha and Mission, and having little secretarial help I am so behind in all correspondence .... Here is an extract from a Jetter Alice wrote October 11, 1948, from Seoul:- The past three months haye bem among the most eventful in Korea's history. It was a thrill to me to witness the election and inauguration of Korea's first president, Dr. Syngman Rhee. My father had inspired him as a boy in Paichai School with his first \'ision of independence for his country. '!'his he has worked and suffered for through the fo11y years. To have independence at last is nothing Jess than a miracle. I wa, one of the thousands ~landing in the hot ~un shine on August 15th when the Amerkan fia.g came down and the Korean flag went up at the Capitol, markmg the establishment of the Republic of Korea. General illac.\rthur. General Hodge, President Rhee and others spoke, and all shouted "Tai Ban lllingood l\lansei!" "Long Jif<' lo the D<•mocracy of Great Han," as the Korean name goes. Ewha Woman's Um\"ersily 011cncd September 7th and on lhe 9\h our wonderful presidcnl, D1·. llelcn Kim, fiC'w away to rC]lrt'SC'll\ her people al the United ~ations meeting in Paris. She stopped in New York long enough to meet the Ewha Cooperating Committee and secure permission for the erection of a science bmlding. lt may seem foolish to undertake ~uch a tao;k now. but we think it is worth the risk. There arc still some good an·hitects here among those ·.\ho are helping us-American engineers. Economic conditions are not improying, but others are 1mesting m this important hot spot of Korea, so why should not the Christian forres realize its importance, too? We must remember that 1t was the new Ewha plant that held the College through the storm, so that ii is now a greater institution than it eYer was. There is great need for <;cience laboratories for all departments. BeliC\·ing that faith 1s still the Yictory, we are going to break ground soon for a building as large as Pfeiffer Hall, just west of it. It is a bitter disappointment to me not to be able to work on the Building CommitleC' this fall, especially, but I am physically unable. 1970 ALICE OF KOREA 121 For the glorious day of Korean Independence, I will let Alice describe that great day! Here is her letter:- Seoul, Korea, Aug. 16, 1948 Dear Friends: This is to supplemen.t what you get in the news of the great events of yesterday here. No doubt you have a more detailed idea of them than we do, who were there in the blazing sun. But it was a grand and glorious day, and I thank God that I lived to see it. We were given English invitations, 'very special.' Esther Park took us in her Dodge, after GI church at Chungdong, where OUl" choir sang. The ceremony was set for eleven, but was a;bout 20 minutes late. The whole plaza in front of the Capitol was full when we ar rived, people seated, standing, band, chorus, photographers every where, radio blaring in both languages, etc. The speakers were on a platform built high over the entrance; Korean and UN flags were the decoratiol)s. Old Glory was pulled down and two K flags were flown to right and left. I found a good place to stand on the right hand grass-plot. E. Fisher held my umbrella over me the two hours, rprotecting himself also. Finally, af.ter General Hodge was thru, we sat on the grass. Americans talked and laughed noisily while Pres. Rhee spoke; some of the girls were in slacks and everybody smoked freely. It seemed unbecoming at a great and solemn occasion, but there are plenty of ill-bred people around who are no example to the Koreans. Of course, Gen. MacArthur stole the show. All waited with bated breath till the !IU''s, armored cars, etc. rolled up and THE GENERAL and Mrs. Mac, in black and white. One real disappointment was that the press photographers who probably will be .rewarded for their rudeness, lined the railing in front of all the big shots for such a long time, while Gen. 111 was talking. etc. that no one could see any· thing. WE were furious, and I should think those who we.re on the platforms l>roperly prepared to take pictures would hardly have got ten any at all. I thought all the speeches very fine, but Gen. M's was the most im· pressive. It was rather too bad that he had to take our General's thunder. but such is lif~. It added lustre to the -day to have the top man here, of course, and we were glad to have a Koogyung. At 3:30 we went to tea at the Presient's Residence under North !\It. I re member going lo an official tea there in the old days and being giYen the seat of honor by Gen. Minami - horrible creature! Gen. Hodge moved out last wt'ek and Pres. and Mrs. Rhee moved in. They stood in the front hall to greet their guests, and we were served in the large banquet hall on the right- no alcohol, while we were there, at least. Dr. Scott had postponed our sel"\·ice to 5 P.l1. I heard dear old Dr. Jaisohn giYing an address on Patrick Henry owr tl1e K radio while I was dressing. :lly radio is such a comfort. Of course, e\·erybody was at the tea. Louise Kim was in K dress. ;\!rs. Chaffin. Mrs. Nixon (Head of Women's Bureau) and I were in Y1ted to a dinner at a K restaurant for her, gi\'en by ·women's patri otic Orgs, and including the newly appointed heads of dt'pts. She speaks effecth·ely, was most cordial, etc. I wish she had some other appointment than Commerce and Industry: there surely must be someone who knows more about it than she, but perhaps she will find and use him. One thing that surprised us was to have Monseignor Byrne give the final speech as apostolic delegate, gil"ing a special message from The Vatican and gh-ing 'The Holy Father's blessing ... .' 122 LANCASTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TRINITY
Sat. night four Ewha missionaries were invited to Margaret Cho Yun's (Mansu' eldest). Dr. Yun !lsun is now dean of the Nat U. Med School, and they live on the campus. It was a surprise to find another guest there, Mr. Gregory Henderson, of Boston and Harvard and the State Dept. - in that order, I suppose! He knows my friends the Munns slightly, and was very interesting and charming. He is to be connected with education here, and certainly applied himself to learn all he could from us. Afterward we took M. Church home and stopped at Longview to see Emma and Youngie Kim, just re· turned. Dr. Helen has accepted the appointment to UN meeting in Paris, so I suppose Enuna will take o'•er as president. (Signed) ARA With Korea now a new Republic under the care of the United Nations, everything seemed hopeful. Alice was very happy and resumed her work at the college. Her brbther Henry and his wife came back to live in Korea. Her sisters lda and Mary and all the nine nephews and nieces, their chil dren, were living in the United States now. So everything seemed to be going well. She was still busy with all her responsibilities and ambitions for the college. It grew until at the present time it has 6000 Korean girls as students. While leading the Chapel Service at Ewha University on Febru ary 20, 1950, she suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and died the same day. POSTSCRIPT A friend wrote the following tribute to Alice:- Alicc lived in Hawaii, working with the Koreans thcre. during much of the war. One of her friends there wrote this tribute: The dcath of Dr. Appenzeller leaves a void in the hearts of all those who knew her. She ga,•c her whole life and devotion to her chosen cause of education and enlightenment tu the l\orean people, and left an in· delible imprint upon Korea that its people will never forget. Her influence remains with the women who received their education under her guidance. !\Josi of Korea's prominent women leaders are Ewha _graduates. Even under the oppressh·e shadow of Japanese occ11paiion, .'\!Jee APJl<'lllellcr held on, IW\"C'l" rl<'\'iating from her single purpose in life - to giw education and t•nlightcnment to all those who came ,to her.' She sen·ed faithfully and brilliantly for a great cause. As an in dividual, she can·ied her greatness with humility and grace. Quietly and with feeling she once >aid. 'I fo<'I this is my home. I Joye Korea and I Joye the peoplc. I will stay here as long as I can and should the good Lord call me, I want to remain here, close to all that has always been a pai1 of me. I regret that my term of sen'ice must end in December 1951. I shall not know how to Jive away from 'mine own pcople.' but we shall always belong together.' Alice's wish to remain with her 'own people' was g1
The author was privileged to know Alice Appenzeller as a dear friend and schoolmate at Miss Stahr's School; and she is grateful for the opportunity to have this story of Alice published. The author is greatly indebted to Miss Phyllis Buhrman, who typed the manu· script, and to the Rev. Mr. Charles Scott Kerr of First Methodist Church for his assistance in making records available. Ellipses, the Black Masses, and Local Elan: A Review of the Sources for a Historv of "' the Ante-Bellum Negro in Southeastern Pennsylvania by Carl D. Oblinger
Commenting on the black masses in Louisiana nearly a cen tury ago, the black sociologist, W. E. B. DuBois, noted in 1935 that "historians quite unanimously forget and ignore them, and chronicle instead only the lives of Negro 'men of mark'." Unfortunately, DuBois's charges apply with particular force to recent efforts to reconstruct the lives of Negroes in Pennsylvania. Nothing better has appeared in the last half century than superficial generaliza tions about undifferentiated masses and unrepresentative black elites. Most often, historians, realizing their dereliction as schol ars and social critics, bewail the paucity of local sources \Vhich treat with the Negro in Pennsylvania. This brief survey of the extant source material, located in the historical societies, colleges, and public archives of Adams. York, Dauphin, Lancaster. Chester, and Delaware counties, permits a realistic picture of Negro life in nineteenth-century, southeastern Pennsylvania. Official Records of Federal, State, and County Governments The basic source for any study of the social structure of Negro communities in Pennsylvania during this period are the voluminous United States and Pennsylvania State Census Returns, the federal "Glass Tax" Returns of 1798, and local county tax assessment and commissioners' returns. The first eight United States returns. begin ning with the Heads of Families at the First Census of the United States through the Eighth Census of the United States ( 1860) are par ticularly valuable. All eight of these United States censuses provide data by town or by townships for the six counties under review. The first six United States censuses are no more than crude enum- NAME (•N ruLL) DIRTH DAY APPOINTMENT FIRST SAILING AR-'llVAL FIELD FIE'L 0 11/9/1885 ------·------' 1914 1915 KOREA APPENZELLER, ALICE REBECGA ---B•RTH PLA.::., E Seoul, Korea
RETIREMENT REl=llGNATION WITHDRAWAL DEATH I MARRIAGE x C!TIZ,:1'1SHIP,, U. S. A---- NATURALIZATION - DATE-----·------I Fe'truary; ______i 20, 1950! N•ME P~ACE ____ _
SIJPPOIOTl"IG 0"<'ANIZATION' JURISDICTION _Northea=s~t=e,,,,rn=---- EDUCATION: ,------; I DATE INSTllUTION DEGREE ---·--1 i 1905 Miss Stahrrs School, Lancaster, LOCAL SOCIETY------·----._.,,___ -- _ --· ·--·-- i pa. 1909 Wellesley A. B. I Harvard lsummer school) HOME CHURCH------_-_._--_-_-_-____ .===~~~~ I 1910 1922 Columbia - Teacher's College M. A. 1927 N. Y. TJ. - extension NEXT OF KIN ______! ,-----,.------1930 Teachers College, Columbia DATE AOORESS RELAT•ONSHIP 1937 Honorary Doctor of Pedagogy Ph.D. 1 1938 Scarritt College (~ months) John v. Lacy, 82 Laurel Ave. Sister Zanesville, Ohio I·"·Mrs. William Hampton 4556 Aurora Drive, I Sister Riverside, Calif. I Rev. H. F. Appenzelle c/o Board ofMissions,· Brottier 150 Fifth Avenue I 1 i I
OTHER BIOGPAPHICAL DAIA . - - . ------·---- Parents were pioneer missionaries under B. F. M. in EX C0Mf.11TTEE ACTIONS. Korea 1885-1902. Miss Appenzeller first American ------·------· child born in Korea. Ordained minister of Korean 3/42 - Leave from 1/1/42 Methodist Church 1932. Evacuated from Korea Nov. 1940. Sailed March 25, 1943 to Honolulu to work wit.h Koreans under Foreign Dept. salary. ,. FURLOUGHS "ii APPOINTMENTS
LF..FT FIELD ARRIVED U S. LEFT U. S. ARRIVED FIELD COMMENTS-----,,,, DATE PLACE WORK 11--
1 1920 1922 11915 -1920 Ewha College, Seoul Educational 1928 1931 i 1922- 1928 II Arr. 12/'29/~6 ~::x 4/S/3'2 1938 11931- 1937 1 II ,,J.938- 1940 II i 11/JC/l'JJ :1 ! .1 ' ·I
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Corresponding Secretary of 1inmatt·111f!nrrtgu fi!lis11illnary ~nrtl'ty or111r ~· i>t!1nbh1t Eµtsrnµal O!l)urr!~ Foreign Missionary Society to covenant pay the travelling expenses a missionary in the employ of ...... Branch from her home to her field of labor and her salary from the time of reaching I the field at the rate of.~. 'f~~ ...... Dollars for the first year I and thereafter at the rate of ~ ;;tfat.,u.~ ...... Dollars per annum. I I further agree to pay her return passage and home salary as provided in the By- I J laws relating to these matters. I I I, :) OJ~ o ~.\~'- G... . %"Qj.)_Qh a missionary, agree to give at least 1 five years of continuous service as a single woman to the work of the llnutatt'.a 1f.11ri>igtt .tllli11.atnnaru ~nril'iy 11ftl1r iltetl1nbt11t Epi.arn.pul Qll711r.d~ m any field to which I may be sent and failing in this, for any reason except that of ill health, I promise to refund the amount of outfit and passage money. I also agree to conform to all rules and regulations of said Society while m its employ.
Date l\.AnG. \.I..\ L. . \ ?-. I \u...c.,, . 1 I Y: ... Woman'% jforeign Mt!i!iionarp ~ocfetp ot tl.Je ~etl.Jobist 11Cpi~copa1 Qi:burcb
FORM 1.
1. Full name. 0.Sh ~ .. ~~~.~ Rc,iden,·c '\5o '{). ~ 'S\""., g~~ .,," Place and date uf birth. \Wu...o.... ~. \. \'if&-S".
·t. I-la\ C' yuu :-1n cxperin1ental kno\vledge '>f c;,nl,·n t ion through the- atonerr1ent of Jesus Christ our Lord? An~\VC"r thi:-. question somewhat in detail._ ::i ~ ~ .l. \,..a..u.1 ~ ~ ~ ~ u,._ a:;;-_ Q..µ_ ~ d•o'C___'\ ~ ~ ~-.\- ~ ""! ~\~ \;" """- ~ di:QJ-2.,·~ ~ :,, .\~1 a n1<"n1ber of the :\It>thodi"t l~pi"'co1'nl l'hurrh and n regular attendant upon its services and are you fully in ::1<·t·o1d wuh it< oloetrinc' a, !l. Iln\\" long ha\ e you entertained t11i:-. 1.:onvil,tion ;i S ~ \ \ o (.. ltl J)1l ~·()u ,lesnc ~1d ntend tu 111uJ:cthi1.1·our hf<..~ \\"Ork, and arf' you '1."i11ing to ltthor i11 any ficl t.t '\'ouhl you be "'1lhng to give t1f1 any per:-.onal hal)lt \\htch n1ight grir,·e your fcllo\•: rni,-.ionnr1ec; nnd le~c::en the influence of your cxan1pl<~ o\·er t hC' native t'hristians; ~ .- 1 l. .\re you a tot~1l ab ... tain<."r fruin all forn1:-. nf ah.·oho1il' bt"verage~ and fron1 opnun, <"Ocaine an } ;j, \Vha t i~ tht· 1.·on lti. I i'. ,,~hat language~ other th~ Englt.!ooh have you studil"d. and \\'Jth ,,·hat fa(.•iltty do you a<'quire then1! g~ ' ~ Q.)..\.& ~~. ~ "'"""' ~ ~ ~ ~\~~WU- b.- . IL1' <.' ~·uu n h no,vlC' 211. \\"hat l""ition' haw yf)I> held in btNnc<' ,,,. professional Ji(ci ~ l....o...... \o...u~ ~OJ..\ ~ G..Ad(__ 15~~ ~~'"" a..u4 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ uu ~~\.h'. ~~. ~.\?a_ .i.....,.,,,. , .. 0 °' - '" ''\. ~ ~I ti E 't:~, n 11 ,\. a 1Jili t :-; {>p 1\'11 lt• t <""' t 11non1a 1~ rL•la t 1\ <' to :';1111r ... , 11..·,·l'""" 111 tt'.1l lung :ind 1n t ht• n1an;;1gc1nent of fin:.1 n1..·i:i l 111a t ter:-.. .. \.....;, - \i...o . ..?1. l; 1• 1..~ 11.11n._.. ... ~1ntl ad. lr1::-":"e ... ui <1 t ll·.1 ... t t l n i 1er:-un .. 111, 1uJ1ng l '•l "'tor ... in-. t ructor!:) a Till ut hl·r· \\ h1, nr~ a Lh: 11 • g1' t' inf or1nn- t 1on rl•lat1\ t' tll yvur L'hr1,.,tiJ11 u;:,c·fulne.;,s, your ,11.lay)talnhty 10 people an ~; ,\ 1•hc)togra1ih ~hould al'l'1)J1lpany ~·our ap11lil.';J.t1on ~~- ll,l\ ,. yon reJ Date ~ 3 1 \'\ ll\. , I , ,~ . 1 , ) \1... \luu.. ~ ~- ~ ~.l\\.e.. CL. l0n.~ I t~•t ·, ...... __ • WOMANOS DIV!SION OF CHRISTIAN SERVICE 150 Fifth Avenue New York ll, N. Y. February 20, 1950 Dear Friends: We regret very much to have to inform you of the death of Dr. Alice Appenzeller in Seoul, Korea. The following cables have been received by the Board today: 11 ALICE APPliliL:ELLE.R PARTIAL RIGHT SIDE STROKE HOSPITALI:i::ED SEVERANCE CONROW 11 "ALICE PASSED AWAY SEVERANCE SIX MONDAY CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE CONROW 11 Mrs. Hobbs also received the following cable: 11 0UR ALICE HAD CERl:!:BRAL HEMORRHAGE WHILE LEADING EWHA CHAPEL MONDAY UNCONSCIOUS Af'TERNOON PASSED AWP.:Y SEVERANCE SIX O'CLOCK ALL MOURNING OUR LOSS DEEP LOVE MARION CONROW 11 We are deep]¥ grateful that Dr. Appenzeller was able to be in Korea during this very difficult post war period. The addresses of her two sisters and brother are as follows: Mrs. William H. Crom Rt. #2 Seminary Hill Alexandria, Virginia Mrs. J. V. Lacy 4041 Reading Road Dayton, Ohio Dr. Henry Appenzeller 1206 Shenadoah Los Angeles 35, California. I am sure t..1-iat all of you join us in sympathy for her fami:cy" and friends at this time. Sincerely ~tours, n 1 ' ~I~ Louise Robinson Acting for Margaret Billingsley Executive Secretory Japan, Korea and the Philippines I.R/cb // -/,; ;_ c.r ! BIRTH SAILED RETIRE DATE WITHDRAWN I :z4EATH 1 ... - ,9,tf- I ~b /D.tJ >J ~ ~ 1 11-f-18"8"6 ~ ~,~q-1ft.> ~fke,,, (/T,,,,c,a_. AOORES§"Oj': RELATIVGS ~--'-"'------~:::::!:=:t~-!:::"1--"'-'-...:::.....::..::==-- fU t %3fai'- /C:l. cJ 7Jtrd-":<1J.. ~---=3=7--=r.:=/,'";- -----~F'-"IE!-D OF LABOR --~,------·-,;,i. ~ ~ ~"L<::.L.f....,·------1------./~.-'~"'"~'- RETIRED AMOUNT OF PENSION .. PENSION PROVISION ,_ . ------ NAME ~-cJ~/P . . (." L'\ ;.. • .. 1 ... ,\ ~ • ' • r- •• , ~ • - ""-· ' '• ...... -._1_' ..." ,,,-··-~··'··-- ._ ,'__, ·-)r r•_ -:1" " ,.. •• ~ , <1 , ., ; • ;:1 • 1.!..;:~U v , ..::. i . ~ o L t:1 v o ~ ... • ~ 1 .l'.: .. ' ' " -~ ' - ,• ·.. ~- ·'- -- -- . .•.. : " . , ._ .1\... _,~ , _ • . . • '-• • .• ' ... 1 ..., . ~' .,. / . •. 'J ~ • I,.•.'! .•.·: ' ' ~; . :.. _;: ·"'., thi• card :tzoom llr•• Jlul&Dli'• office .. -to be filed in miaaioDIU'J' tile - per D. Wooclrllff' wi 'th D. :Imai; • 1Wl8 1956. · I ~ NAME: Alice Ra Appenze+ler FIELD: KOREA APPOINTMENTS: Place Work Conference Date M.E., Korea March, 1915 Seoul, Ewha Haktang. Teacher 1911, Vice-Principa1, Ewha Baktang " 1920, Acting Principal " . " • ·1922, President, Ewha College and Kindergarten Tr. Sch. Korean ¥"ethodist 1939, Hono:r;-ary President " " tt " "' Korean Methodist Church-- ordained minister, 1932 In U.S.A., after ~vacuation from Korea: Work for Scarritt College, Depte of Public Relations, Warch 1941-1943 To work with Koreans in Honolulu., Under the Methodist Mis a ion: I Sailed from San Ji'ra~cisco Mar. 24, 1943, arrived Honolulu March 2f, 1f: First Appointment,AKorean Methodist Church, Honolulu l ·Director o:f Religious Education FURLOUGHS: Comments Left U.S. A. Arrived Field Left Field Arrived U.S. A. .July 1920 Aug., 1920 March, 1922 March, 1922 Dec. 1928 June 1929 March 1931 Maron 1931 Nov. 1936 Dec. 1936 April 1938 April 1938 EVACUATED with whole Methodist Mission, Nove 16, 1940, from Chemulpo, Korea 0 on SoS• MARIPOSA . Arrived San Francisco Nov. 30, 1940 Written from memory on Nov. 2, 1943. Please check wi~h records of the Womam:·'s Foreign Missionary Society, G!eneral Office, %:Miss Ruth Ransom Phila. Branch, %Miss Elizabeth M. Lee Alice R. Appenzeller 1520 For~t st. Honr.-lulu 399 1943 u·.- / NAME:Ali ce Rebecca Appenzeller BIRTH: Date: J!iov. 9, 1915 . Place: Seoul• Korea FIELD: Korea Place: CITIZENSHIP: U.S. Affil13.. NATURALIZED: }TO Date: XXX XXX RELATIVES: Date 1943 Name Address Relationship Rev. Henry D. Appenzeller, D.D. 1020 Sw Beretania St.--- :BROTHER • Honolulu, T.H. Mrs. Wm. Hampton Crom, 521 S0 Lee St., Alexandria, Va. smsTER MrS• John v. Lacy, .2439 Auburn Ave., Cincinnati• ~· SISTER HOME CHURCH: First Methodist, Lancaster, Pa. SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: Formerly the WFMS, Phila. ]3ranoh; now general., Jurisdiction Group Conference Wellesley College, 1909 EDUCATION: :B. A• 'M.A. Columbia u., 1922 Comments Institution Date Degree Graduate work Harvard u. summer Session, 1910 Columbia u. Summer Session, 1930 Honorary Degree Boston University, Pd 0 D. (Doctor of Pedagogy) 1~37 4 DATE OF COMMISSION: Oct. 191 DATE OF FIRST SAILING Jan. 1915 FURTHER BlOGRAPffiCAL DATA: RETIREMENT: DEATH: WITHDRAWAL: RESIGNATION: Address for all ma~.l i~:et,;10 ... ~:Lst : :is~ion 'l'e:i c~111t nir·ria~ l .1·0:..(~'.€';-s Five cent mail takes 34 Chungdong are quj.ckest -- about ten 3 m~nthse Seoul, Korea days. other airmail 25 cents. Dear Friends: A year ago today I Y1as dinin~ with three hir,h !1merican officials here. Pros pects for Korea were 11ot bright, and most people thoupht there would bt:l a sharp civil ·r!ar, then the Conmunists Hould take over. After listening to the opinions of those better informed than I, 1 asked each of the n:en 11 when do you think I '11 have to leave Korea?" Cne replied, '1By June", another, "In July"; t;he eldest said, nuncle Sam will tell you when to get r11ad~rlll I exclairced. 11 1 111 bet you all a rood dinner th:J.t I 111 either '.:le right here or dead on the first Sunday in April, 1949.11 No. 2 is still here. ilo. l ret,urning and No 3 in in America. I do not expect these gentlemen to pay t.heir wager, but I hope to hear their version of the ;rear 1 s ev<>nts. The first big :for;·iard step was the derioc'!;'at:i.c victory of Korea 1 s first r,ener al election in l.lay. The newly-electP.d General Assembly elected :Jr. Syngman Rhee President of Korea on June 2oth. Fcur days later he was inaugurated on the steps of the Capitol, which the Japanese had built. i'or their 01m colonial r,ovnrnment. Cn August 15th General MacArthur, General HodBe and other dignitaries witnessed at the same place the excnange of the American for the Korean flar; and the end of u. S. i:iilitary Government in Korea. Soon the 3tate Depart11ent and the Economic Coopera tion Administration brought many fine Americans and their families into Korea, and rehabilitation is ~oing on apace. There are enour,h GI 1 s hnre to protect us. In September Dr. Helen l\im and several Korean nen '.lent to Paris and at long last v.ained from the United nations Assembly recognition of the independence of South Korea. Vishinsk;r fought violently against it, but truth :-:as on the l Com:m1nist terrorism, mur-ler and c:i.rson, espec:lnlJ.y in t,he far south, took many lj ves, an.1 were tim<:d so an to discretl:i.t S. Korea before the 1.Til. !iiss Moh returned to Korea in February and h<.i.s been tell::ng h81' :>tory ever/vihcre. She thrilled the 2wha st1::lents ·Hho u I am not tryinr- to r;ay that !{or ea is a safe, peaceful pl This is ll\V Father 1 s world! 1'he battle is not done. Jesus Who died shall be satisfied, And earth and heaven be won, This is what Dr. E. Stanley Jones told the Koreans at the close of his fort night of meetings here. The challenge is to win Korea to Christ or lose it to Communism. He emphasized the desperate spiritual struggle, but more, the measure less values of victory, which we can already see. The crovm of his work was in bringing the two parts of the Korean Methodist Church, which had divided during the vrar, together again. The endless prayer and effort of many will be rewarded when the Iiethodist General Conference convenes on April 26th. Some die-hards will be left behind, but the Church will go forward, please Godl !~y parents arrived in Korea on Easter il3.y, April 5, 1885. Father wrote: 1'Vle came here on Easter. May He iiiho on that day burst the bars of death break the bands that bind this people and bring them to the life and liberty of God's children.a What history has unfolded in this land since then, and how much difference Christian ideas have made in itl Of all the years I've knovm Korea it seems tome novrmore diffi· cult,dangerous, more significant to the world and more gloriously challenging than ever before. 1'1hat am I doing here in this heroic hour? Nothing heroic, just teaching, which I always enjoy, talking with all sorts of people, rry Ewha girls, old and young, (in highest positions, or destitute fugitives from Communist rule), distributing re lief, working on committees, struggling with correspondence, having a grand time in ll\V own home town, as a friend remarked. I can walk easily now and am forgetting about ~ ankle. The long rest, with a few days' delightful visit in Tokyo, prepared me for the strenuous spring term. Our Mission has increased by twenty new members, and ADVANCE is our watchword. Even a new summer r8sort is being built at the former Seventh Division Hour-glass Beach, Taichun, which is said to be as attractive as our beloved lost ones in N. Korea. ''There 1 s going to be a great day11 , as vie used to sing in tho war, and each one of us has a part in bringine it nearer. ·,1ith good hopes, and love to all my friends. Faithfully yours, ... -,, ...... -) 'I I I .. 1 ~{'..£\,~~ ''l u· p.11. ,,:i; [, ',_µt..t..<_JZ. __ . ' 1 Alice R. Appenzeller .. : • • ., • ...... ~ ' " .. ... ( ,, ...... • ., .,. ,. : ' .. .. t. ., .. r ·::. \.11 · .. .. '• ... •- ,:• . . '• .. ·· .. ... " •I'•'! ' ,: I. " ·~ .. .,. . .. ·.... ·. l.,- ... ·1:· ...... ; .:• . ·.: ·' . ' ·.:···· ,. .. •,'' ... • :! • I • J>,· ·": •. " . ' .:., '· ' 'I ·, 1 1 l ., '•' ... . . ': I .. ~ ..· .. l 1 ··-· "•, '...... '; ,~... . ; . , ·.. .· . . \ . . ! ~ .. " . .. ~ ,J. ... ·' ' ~:. , , .; .._. .. •, •...• "· • '' < ..1 .. -. .. ····· .. :,i • i! .., .. • ·. ,• ·-- . ' .. ..', 'f" .•· ;··;·: I (1: \\/t0-·.\ · - . \ ,,-.,:-10. College, Seoul, Korea - l'l / 1 . · 1 ·._,,. .• )Vember 2, 1940 Dear Friends: ~rf~R\i·'i\.i·i10rifi:,1i:\~ . The skies seem to ,_ aving in on us, as .il.dna St. V. Millay says• and it looks as though two weeJ:..;;, will close this long happy drama. of our life here. The bell is ri~ging, the curtain is falling. The c&merican consul, Mr. O Gaylord ui.ars~, who has been working very hard on our probleru.s, has been able to get the ~iatson liner "Mariposa'' to call at our nearby port, Jlnsen on November 15th, and he expects 250 .american citizens ta be evacuated from Korea on that ship. That is the port (formerly called Chemulpo) where my parents landed 55 years ag,o. It was in those waters that my father lost his life trying to save two h.o.rean friends. 1.o.y bro,.;her and I are glad t:1at, since we must go, we can depart together fron this place. It breaks our hearts, but we hope that before long we can come back agai~ to our beloved home here, and go on with the v,;ork that has been our life for so long. The reasons why we are leaving will be explained later. Three chief ones, given in order of importance as I see them, are these: our presence is daily causing our collea~ues embarrassment and suffering; the Korean Methodist Church has be~n changed, forced into a ~old that is impossible for us to recognize; the U.u. government has strongly urged us to leave now, "while transporta."Lion is available". Our best friends among our people say they cannot us!<.: us to stay. "~e love ,YOU, we need you, hut we can.'lot have you'', i. the way one put· it, with tears streaming down her face. Sj,nce October 9th we have known tLj.s might come, and have tried in every way to avoid this final step; but it has come as an inescap able duty, and we have made complete v,i thdrawal our udssion policy. .a. committee of five men is to remain, wi:ll, up our business and come away as soon as possible. v~e pray that our action may help bring peace and an order in which .UJ:nighty God and His laws shall be the rule of life. We shall land in San Francisco December and l expect to spend Christmas with the ~ppenzeller-Noble families there. ~Y California a~dress will be my cou ain's home, 11.rs. A• L. Bailhache, 2519 uctavia st., ~an Francisco. But the best per~uncnt address of all missionaries is 150 .lfifth .n.ve., New York. Letters are forwarded promptly fro!D. there. 5ome Presbyterian missionaries and most British people are remaining, for the present, at least. ~ome are as firmly convinced that they should stay as we are that we should go. J.'iothing is plain, every issue is cow.plic~ted, so each can but f'ollow what seems to him. right. Our work is being provided fer as well as possible, with the burden carried now entirely by our collea€ues. I'hey need all our pray ers. President l.im will move into 0ur house, which we Rre lenving fully furnished. These s.re the saddest da.ys I h:e.ve ever lived through, utterly unreaL The usua.l f.:::..rewells, .::.;if'ts a...11d expressions of appreciation that our people love tc give us when we part from theii1 are impossible now. nut richer fellowship or the heurt is coming to us in unforget table experiences. ~e know th..,_t noT.hi::L c·.ln sep.ir:.l.te us from our friends, ..md that v.e shall alv.ays be working together, even though oceans come between us. .Iii.est of' us do not know \•·here we si.lull go or what we shall do next, but we h:..ve no anxiety. we think e;l!.i.dly of you, and hope to see you before long. 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FUTu:.t. \lhulct ycu li.kc to rr;·Lu:<:'ll t.· yr,::r fiLJ,i i.f t!1c: wr:: sl''·c'.J.:.: -~icn • V'.~ ". rs?_ ___.U'+-"tA_;.....,.___,>i..,./."-'~'----~---'-'h _ _., 'iiould ycu )ccc,:t tr·':1Bl'C'r \.,o ·nt·U·.1 r fi1'l1: t:.."!'·)r'. :·o J.y·: ~~ :~::r\·::,p1_:1'..ly? __.... h...... _ ....f\_,_, R(,r;,; ::-ks=------ ------' . i st.-. t · i '1 f ~· . , " !) \ 1 ;\~ ',•,'t l .• ...... • J'l' 1, •• ~ • t· ... 1 \ ' J 1. !k_ I_\ ,·J" . I I (::·,,;--• (~\? :1 r1. __-"'">-"'...:'_.;l"-\-'/•-'-'""~--'-'-"..:;;j_'_\_ ..__ - ___;;;.A_';:.._, t~ ..... ( ~ il_. .._ I '' !- ' \1 I J ' I ~ --r- --- ~--1 \.~ .. -. ! u._/ I :·-. • L 1.. l,. .1:.. .JI •.~' ._;t _D._( ! ·:,__ I 1 ' 1 - ,_ _; . . , .'..A. ' [" v ; t_ ,- / ~ \ l l U I J-r- '--- ' '-- _)_. ._ ' \ I J } . '· i ... 1...... · ... ;. ;:1,;;· :,;r·s1t.,1.C·D · !').:.J1 n ··· . ~' . - ~-'( ll '0'~1-:- !."i..f.r ;:· '.'r ...... :': u )· tbink ·.i·:it. f' ("· ...... ?1 (. ';' ;r-11 :' ·~· l l•. - :·ir '.i? ____!.~/..;'.,;.1_,______ -,r• .,....,~'? .. (.,.;. '.;;·------ I J 4 Wc:ild you Le \:illine to h<:.lp this ye;;.r in H·:· .. 'e !Hssi~'n l'l'lrk, rct::.ining ;r0ur st<,tus ."'.S -''. fT'.issir,nc-ry in the F"lr~'ign Dep"!rtment?___ ~+-".e,.,---'·~------ Would you ] ike tr. tr1•nsfer te> tht- Hor.:e Mi ssir,n Dep::.rtr:cnt. ?_{..:...:::;.v,-"-' ,.,!._...11"",,j""c.._,-"··~ _ _,_(')_,.'.Ji_; • i ( /) f.duc:itim1.-il, ( Z) $0cirl-er'ng\~listic, (~) Rur..,1, (3) Church v::;rk. IX. If f::ir health ru~sons er bec::.use yo'..1 <>re ::ppro.'.lchin;: rutirc'~er,t. ; ge y->u thin!~ it unv-.'ise for y~.u to retur11 to the field ·n.:i (Gsiro .:.tter :. r<;['.S• n"'l:.ilP. f·1rlou[h to t:)kc ti.e ri::tired relc:t.l.onf'hip, ple'.'se intlic:•tc th: t, r !kjn;; w!1r>teve1· stc.tcr·ent you like ir. r<.gr.:ird t" :lt. ___._h ...... ~__,---"'-----t....~t.__ __"? ______~ WOMJl.NOS DIVISION OF CHRISTIAN SERVICE 150 Fii'th Avenue New Yo!'k 111 N. Y. February 20, 1950 Dear Friends: We regret very much to have to inform you of the death of' Dr. Alice Appenzeller in Seoul, Korea. T'ae folloriing cables have been received by the Board today: 11 ALICE APPI!:N:t:ELLER PARTIAL RIGHT SIDE STROKE HOSPITALIZED SEVERANCE CONROW 11 "ALICE PASSEU AWAY SEVERANCE SJ.X MONDAY CE.RliliRAL HEMORRHAGE CONROW 11 Mrs. Hobbs also received the following cable: "OUR ALICE HAD CEREBP..AL HEMORRHAGE WHILE LEADING EYIHA CHAPEL MONDAY UNCONSCIOUS .AFTERNOON PASSED AV/KY SEVERANCE SIX O'CLOCK ALL MOURNil!G OUR LOSS DEEP LOVE MARION CONROW 11 We are deeply grat.e.ful that Dr. Appenzeller was able to be in Korea during this very difficult post war period. The addresses of her two sisters and brother are as follows: Mrs. William H. Crom Rt. #2 Semi.nary Hill Alexandria, Virginia Mrs • J • V. Lacy 4041 Reading Road Dayton, Ohio Dr. Henry Appenzeller 1206 Shenadoah Los Angeles 35 9 California. I am sure that all oi' you join us in sympathy .for her family and friends at this time. SincereJ.y yours, ~~ Louise Robinson Acting for Margaret Billingsley Executive SecretDry Japan, Korea and the Philippines IR/ch ALICE REBECCA APPF.NZELLER A1ice Appenzeller was born in Seoul, Korea on November 9 1885, the first American child to be born in Korea, the daughter of the first Methodist missionaries to Korea.