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Atrophic Maxilla Rehabilitation with Use of «All-On-Four» Tilted Implants Rehabilitación De Una Maxila Atrófi Ca Con El Uso De Implantes Inclinados «All-On-Four»

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Atrophic Maxilla Rehabilitation with Use of «All-On-Four» Tilted Implants Rehabilitación De Una Maxila Atrófi Ca Con El Uso De Implantes Inclinados «All-On-Four» www.medigraphic.org.mx Revista Odontológica Mexicana Facultad de Odontología Vol. 18, No. 4 October-December 2014 pp 249-254 CASE REPORT Atrophic maxilla rehabilitation with use of «All-on-Four» tilted implants Rehabilitación de una maxila atrófi ca con el uso de implantes inclinados «All-on-Four» Iván Contreras Molina,* Gildardo Contreras Molina,§ Karla Nunes Teixeira,II Pamela Candida Aires Ribas de Andrade,II Marco Aurélio Bianchini¶ ABSTRACT RESUMEN Maxillary resorption infl icts limitations to implant placement when La reabsorción de la maxila presenta limitaciones en la colocación using conventional techniques. The concept of «All-on-Four» uses de implantes por medio de la técnica convencional. El concepto de distally inclined implants in edentulous arches; it improves denture «All-on-Four» sobre la inclinación distal de implantes en arcadas support and increases inter-implant distance, providing thus greater desdentadas mejora el soporte de la prótesis y aumenta la dis- stability in the bone with the help of longer implants. For over two tancia interimplantar, proporcionando una mayor estabilidad en el decades, different types of therapies have been developed to hueso mediante el uso de implantes más largos. Durante más de rehabilitate atrophic or edentulous arches. Obtained results have dos décadas, diferentes tipos de terapias se han desarrollado en been of a diverse nature. Among proposed techniques we can count la rehabilitación de arcadas atrófi cas o edéntulas, lo cual ha traído bone graft and maxillary sinus elevation. In order to avoid this type resultados diversos. Entre las técnicas propuestas están el injerto of procedures, a different surgical alternative has been developed: óseo y el levantamiento de seno maxilar. Para evitar este tipo de this technique consists on placing four implants, two anterior and procedimientos se desenvolvió una alternativa quirúrgica diferente, two tilted posterior implants, all linked by an infrastructure. The que consiste en la colocación de cuatro implantes, dos anteriores y clinical case here presented describes a technique used to restore dos posteriores, siendo estos últimos inclinados, todos unidos por an atrophic maxilla following the «All-on-Four» concept, with medio de una infraestructura. Este caso clínico describe una técnica immediate load. The patient was subjected to a one year follow- para restaurar una maxila atrófi ca con el concepto «All-on-Four» up and was satisfi ed with the treatment outcome. To this date, no con carga inmediata. La paciente ha tenido un seguimiento clínico clinical or radiographic changes have been observed around the durante un año y está satisfecha con el resultado del tratamiento. dental implants nor have there been prosthetic complications. No se han observado cambios clínicos ni radiográfi cos alrededor de los implantes dentales hasta la fecha, no ha habido complicaciones protésicas. Key words: Rehabilitation, atrophic maxilla, All-on-Four. Palabras clave: Rehabilitación, maxila atrófi ca, All-on-Four. INTRODUCTION involving lesser amounts of implants as well as their inclination were conducted. Placement of Fixed, implant-supported dentures in edentulous four implants, two in the anterior section and two upper and lower jaws were originally used by placing five to six implants. This was called the Brånemark protocol. In most cases, the maxilla presented moderate to severe resorption,www.medigraphic.org.mx with maxillary sinus * MSc, PhD, Visiting Student at the University of Southern Califor- nia (USC) Dentistry. pneumatization. This system required reconstructive § DDS, Endodontics Professor, University San Nicolas Hidalgo surgery based on bone grafting which could enable (Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo), Morelia, the placement of that number of implants. Brånemark Mexico. II protocol prostheses supported cantilever extensions MSc, PhD, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil. which protruded distally due to bone unavailability in ¶ MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, Master posterior regions.1 and PhD in Implantology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Predictable results were obtained with the Brazil. increase in knowledge of bone integration and This article can be read in its full version in the following page: implant biomechanics. Rehabilitating treatments http://www.medigraphic.com/facultadodontologiaunam Contreras MI et al. Atrophic maxilla rehabilitation 250 tilted implants in the posterior section improved the upper jaw. Several possible treatment options anchorage since they used cortical bone from were discussed with the patient. The concept of the anterior section of the maxillary sinus and «All-on-Four» therapy was proposed, where the the nasal passage (nostril). This represented an patient would receive four implants in the maxilla, alternative therapy to avoid reconstructive surgery and implants would be immediately loaded with a or bone graft procedures. It also represented a less prosthesis. invasive and financially competitive treatment. The Preliminary studies requested were cone beam so-called surgical technique of tilted implants «All- tomography, panoramic and periapical series of both on-Four» and «All-on-Six» consists of a technique upper and lower jaws, study models and extra- and where implants are linked by means of a structure. intra-oral pictures. With all the aforementioned in Tilting of the posterior implants allows the screws hand, treatment planning was undertaken (Figures to emerge in the region of the second premolars, or 1 to 4). first molars, thus decreasing or avoiding cantilever, Impressions were achieved with alginate (Jeltrate, since, when it is minimized, the denture will be Dentsply International, New York) in both dental subjected to lesser mechanical stress.2 The present arches. Study models were obtained, and were clinical report describes a method to restore an mounted on a semi-adjustable articulator, according atrophic maxilla with the «All-on-Four» technique, to classical concepts and techniques. Waxing for using the concept of immediate load. an immediate full denture was undertaken, and it was replicated in order to obtain a multi-functional CLINICAL CASE REPORT surgical guide. All upper teeth were extracted (Figure 5) and a muco-periosteal flap was raised at 59 year old female patient attended the the level of the bone crest, with relaxing incisions in Implantology Clinic at the Dental Implant Study the vestibular section at the level of the molars. A and Research Center (CEPID) at the Federal high speed round diamond burr was used to open University Santa Catarina, Brazil. The patient the maxillary sinus, with external irrigation so as to had been previously treated at the University’s accurately identify the anterior wall of the maxillary periodontics clinic, where several treatments had sinus (Figure 6). been undertaken in order to preserve to the utmost Once the anterior wall of the sinus was located, existing teeth. During her last visit, splinting of all surgical sequence for implant placement was upper and lower teeth had been decided upon, undertaken. The two first implants to be placed keeping them thus functioning in the last five years. were those most distally located, with the following At the follow-up appointment the patient expressed measures: 3.75 x 19 mm, after this, the anterior her wish to achieve better aesthetics; clinical implants were placed, with the following measures examination revealed increase tooth mobility in 3.75 x 15 mm. Implants used were Cone Morse Figures 1 and 2. www.medigraphic.org.mxwww.medigraphic.org.mx Initial circumstances of the patient. Figures 3 and 4. Periapical and panoramic X-rays. Revista Odontológica Mexicana 2014;18 (4): 249-254 251 (Neodent, Curitiba, Brazil). Instant placement was maxillary-mandibular relationship. Transfers were uneventful. Implants exhibited an upper torque of linked with dental floss, and small increments of 45 N/cm. Multifunctional guide was used at all times Duralay (GC Pattern resin, GO America Inc) resin during surgery to ease implant placement with respect were added in their midst in order to link them. In to the lower jaw as well as proper tilting of posterior this case, inter-implant distance was very large, implants (Figures 7 and 8). therefore, implant molds were used to ease bonding Frontally placed implants are usually placed in and minimize resin contraction. After this, they were the position of central or lateral incisors. Posterior linked to the surgical guide (Figure 9). Once the guide implants can be placed in second premolar or fi rst was in position an inter-occlusal recording was made molar position creating thus a larger inter-implant with Duralay resin. One point in the anterior section distance and a shorter cantilever. Used components and two points in the posterior section were located were conic mini-pillars, the two posterior implants in order to achieve an impression with the patient in were angulated at 17o. All components had a 3.5 occlusion, preserving the same vertical dimension tape. After component installation a 32 N/cm torque (Figure 10). The impression was taken with polyvinyl was applied following manufacturer’s instructions. siloxane material (Express addition, 3M USA) Transfers were installed, changing the transfer screw (Figure 11). Once the impression was taken, implant for a short screw, in order to be able to perform the analogues were placed into the impression and the transference with the
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