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KARTÀUSERHANDS CHRIFTENBESTÀNDE in ÓTTBNTLICHEN Bibliotheken FRANKREICHS James Hogg

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KARTÀUSERHANDS CHRIFTENBESTÀNDE in ÓTTBNTLICHEN Bibliotheken FRANKREICHS James Hogg 66 Kartáuserhandschriftenbestándein óffentlichen B ibliothekenFrankreichs KARTÀUSERHANDS CHRIFTENBESTÀNDE IN ÓTTBNTLICHEN BIBLIoTHEKEN FRANKREICHS JamesHogg Einleitung Anfang der sechziger Jahre unternahm man in der Kartause Sélignac in Frankreich wáhrend des Priorats von Dom Marie-Paul Chapeaueine groBangelegteUntersuchung der vorhandenen Quellen zur Kartáusergeschichteund -spiritualitàt,wobei Dom Augustin Devaux und Dom Bernard Gaillard die Hauptlasttrugen. Vor meinem Eintritt in diese Kartausekonnte ich summarischdie verbliebenenKarráuserhandschriften in der Schweiz, Westdeutschland,Ósterreich, Ungarn, Dànemark, Schweden,GroBbritannien, Irland, und den USA nach den Angaben der relevantenKatalogen kurz auflisten. In den Jahrendanach wurden meine Hinweise fiir GroBbritanniendurch die ausgezeichneteBeschreibung der Handschriften durch N[eil] R. Kert i.iberfltissiggemacht. 1962 kopierte Dom Devaux mit gróBster Akribie die Katalogeintragungen von Kartáuserhandschriftenfiir alle óffentliche Bibliotheken Frankreichsmit einer veralteten Schreibmaschine. Unter dem Kurztitel Les manuscrits cartusiens en France zusammengefaBt- dazu kamen bald danach ebenfalls die Archives cartusiens en France - blieben bis heute diese wicthigen Hilfsmittel der Kartáuserforschungunveróffentlicht, obwohl ein kleiner Teil der Angaben in die Kartáuser-Bibliographievon Albert Gruysz eingeflossen ist. Heute tiberlegt man im Institut Catholique in Paris, ob es nicht móglich wáre, eine tiberarbeiteteAuflage der Les manuscrítscartusiens en France drucken zu lassen. Im Mai 1968. am Ende meiner Jahreim Kartáuserorden,machte ich eine neueAbschrift - zum Teil mit der Hand nach dem Nachtoffizium in der Kirche - von den Vorlagen des Dom Devaux. Insgesamthat Dom Devaux die Kataloge flir 92 óffentliche fran- zósicheBibliotheken untersucht,aber auBerhalbdiesen Bibliotheken sind Kartáuserhandschriftenauch in verschiedenenkirchlichen und privaten Bibliotheken in Frankreich vorhanden. Die Sammlung der GroBen Antonio Callá's CommemorativeMedal Kartauseist sicherlich die bedeutungsvollste,aber weitere Handschriften to mark the Death of St. Bruno, 6 October 2001. befinden sich in anderen franzósischen Kartausen, Klóstern und Seminaren:- einige sogarim Ausland. Deshalbist das Bild, das die Available direct from the artist: Antonio Callá, via Nazario Sauro 9, Kataloge vermitteln, noch immer unvollstàndig. Die Angaben dieser I-89822 Serra San Bruno, VV, Italy: Price 50 Euros. Kataloge sind auch mit Vorsicht zu genieBen. Die Mehrzahl der Kataloge wurden Mitte bis Ende des 19. Jahrhundertsgedruckt und viele Eintragungen sind sehr unbestimmt. z.B. sind die vielen "Sermones" tNleit] R. Ker, Medieval Manuscripts in British Libraries,4 Bde., Oxford 1969-1992. Bd.4 wurde nach Kers Tod von Alan J. Piper vervollstiindigt. 2Albert Gruys, Cartusiana. Un instrument heuristique, 3 Bde., Paris 1976-1978. Eine zweite korrigierte Auflage ist in der Kartause Sélignac in fortgeschrittener Vorbereitung. 68 Kartàuserhandschriftenbestándein óffentlichen Bibliotheken Frankreichs Kartàuserhandschriftenbestándein óffentlichen Bibliotheken Frankreichs 69 tatsàchlichvon Kartàuserngeschrieben oder nur abgeschrieben?Nur encorede counesnotices, insignifiantes. Une telle decision a allégrénotre eine genaueuntersuchung der Texte kann solche Fragenbeantworten. recueilde plusde 300manuscrits sans intérêt pour I'histoirede I'ordre. De Ftir viele Traktatefehlen die verfasserangaben oder sie sind falsch. mêmenous n'avons pas admis dans la masseénorme des documents pouvant Dom Devauxschrieb in seinem Vorwort: servirà la biographiede bienfaiteurs,que ceuxconcernant directement les cataloguedes manuscrits . !: desdépós publics franEais concernanr I'ordre rapporude cespersonnages avec I'ordre ou de sesmaisons. I'onsonge deschartreux représente le dépouillemeni Que systématiqu.ao qu.rqu;; i;ó pu exempleà la sommede manuscritsinteressant ces trois frères, également volumesdu "CatalogueGénéral des Manuscrirsdes Bibhàthèqu.s'lubliques á. nosbienfaiteurs, Charles V, Philippele HardietJean de Berry!Or I'inventaire France"et descatalogues des manuscrits de la BibliothèqueNationale: on dela "librairie"de ce dernier n'a nul rapport à sesdonations au Uget, rrouveraà la têtede chaquechapitre lesréférences au détaiide ces;r**;: Parcontre nous avons été aussi fidèles que possible dans notre copie des Cetaveu de nossources est celui du but- - desavantages de notretravail et de descriptionsdes manuscrits.Nous nous sommes seulement permis de les seslimites. Celles'ci viennent de celles-là, Le CaialogueGénéral en effet, abréger,quand ces déuils manquaient manifestement d'intérêt: ainsi ne nous quoiquetoujours utile, est inégal dansses réalisations:les bibliothécaires ne pzrs I'incipitdu prologuede la Vita pouvaientavoir toujours sommes-nous astreintà reproduire70 fois la curtureencyclopédique qui aurairéte requise; Ës jamais t'ravauxd'érudition Christide Ludolfe,lequel ne présente uneseule variante. Inversement médiévaleétaient .n.or. à leursrout débuts; les recueils de documents nousavons précisé les donnéesdes catalogues,quand nous en avonseu ou de textesde piéténe sont pas toujours entièrement décrits; les ublesalphabédques I'occasion:ce fut fréquentsuftout pour les Status et pourles livres liturgrques, et surtoutles tableaux de provenancedes manuscrim sont fréquemment spécialementpour les manuscritsdécrits dans la sériein-4o du Catalogue fautifs,nous occasionnant bien des déboires. c,est seulement dansune Général. assezfaible mesure, malheureusement, que nous avons pu dépasser cesclrences. Pourclasser ces quelques 2.000 descriptions de manuscrim,nous avons adoptéla dispositionla plussimple: elles sont réparties en autantde chapitres L'idéald'un rravailde ce genreserait évidemmenrd'être complet et de qu'ily a dedépóts, ceux-ci étant ranges selon I'ordre alphabétique. Comme il a dispenserde la consultationdi sanombreuse pouvons-nous bibliographie. été dit, chaquechapitre se divise,s'il y a lieu,en deuxparties: 1o. Fonds nousflatrer d'y avoir atteint? Au moins dans -".t'.. ce but, n , noo. fr.ri.i canusiens.2". ks manuscritsd'origine non canusienne ou incertaine.Seule pfopos,- avons-nousrelévé d'abord tous les manuscritsprouenrni d,une une telle solutionnous permettaitde conservergroupées les anciennes bibliothequecartusienne, er peut-être sur ce point sommes-nousexhaustifs, bibliothèquescarnrsiennes. Une table alphabétique, placée à la fin du volume, Danschaque. chapitre donc, càrrespondant chacunà un JÈpót,ces manuscrits remédirasuffisamment, pensons-nous, à ce qu'un tel classementpeut avoir de ont étéclassés à pan sous le nomdè leur maison d'origine,Ë,. irrr. rrppon.ni pragmatique.Cette table toutefois, malgré ses 1.400 articles, reste sommaire: généralementà ce que I'on poumait nommer I'histoió internedes chartreux: ellerépond uniquement aux questions que se pose un historiende I'ordredes vieliturgrque, vie d'étude en èeilule, spiritualité personnelle, iiavaildecopiste. chartreux.On y trouvedonc les nomsd'auteurs, les titresd'ouvrages Parmiles manuscrits d'origine nàn cartusienne ou incertaine,nous avons anonymes,les chartreux, les religieux de I'ordre(distingués par lestitres de relevéceux des auteurs cartusiens et lesdocumenm de ,ouro sortesinteressant "dom"ou de "frère"),leurs correspondans les plus connus, etc. Nousavons I'histoiredes chartreux. Nous. craignons d'avoir étéfort incomplets^colophonspour nos délibérémentlaissé tomber les centaines de nomsde correspondantsobscurs, aureurs,ne disposantpour identifiercew donrles tirres ou ne de créanciers,de possesseursnon chartreux des manuscrits, de saints compris menrionnentpas la qualité,que de Ia Biblioteca pereiur, cartusianade qri dansdes recueils genéraux de Vitae Sanctorum ou dansdes calendriers, comme s'attachesurtour aux.écrivains bergo-rhénans, desarticres de domSt. Autore la massedes oraisons anonymes formant les recueils de piété. Tellequelle, dansle Dictionnairede Théologie cathorique áe vacant-tutunlànor,oÈles cores cettetable nous a paruapte à renseignerrapidement sur toutes les questions sont très-souvenr faurives, !e lanysgrirs et de ceuxdu Dictionnairede importantes,qu'il s'agissede la diffusiondes oeuvresd'un auteur,des 3 encore [lg62], aurrede rares documentsconcemant telle maison ou tel personnagede I'ordre,de I'activité : question pournous d'identifier les descopistes, etc. asfair naufragedans la confusion des Mais,si cerepenoire est appelé à rendrequelques services, c'est pour nous :geer de Sciedam,et tuttiquanti. un devoirde reconnaitretout ce qu'il doit au V.P.archiviste de la Grande Chanreuse,qui a misà notredisposition les catalogues paniels conserves dans piè c es d' archi ves, au t ograph er,n o,,..r, ïfl ïÍiiïï|, ll"ïï ;iïïi'ir"l*trï, tel un blason sondépót, et à MademoiselleJ. Vieillard, directrice de I'lnstitutde Recherche ... Nousauóns toutefois dérib'érér.í, nËglig.i une série entière de documents,les pouilles desTextes au Centre Nationalde Recherche Scientifique, qui, à un momentoÈ desdiocèses de I'Ancienn. rir,ï*, pratiquementen effetils ne contiennenr jamais quele nomdes .hrn .ui., .il.L, situationdans la géographie diocésaine;rarès sont les indications de revenus,plus rares 70 Kartáuserhandschriftenbestiindein óffentlichen Bibliotheken Frankreichs KaÍàuserhandschriftenbest2inde in óffentlichen Bibliotheken Frankreichs 7l Sacram Scripturam, von der Zisterzienserabtei Signy, l3_._Jhdt.; Charleville I81, Liber de quadripertito exercitio celle, von der Kartause Mont Dieu, 14. Jhdt.; Grenoble 397, De quadripertito exercitio cellae, von der
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