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Research at MZES 1999-2003 Research at MZES 1999-2003 Mannheim 2004 Research at MZES 1999-2003 Research at MZES 1999-2003 Mannheim 2004 Mannheimer Zentrum für Europäische Sozialforschung (MZES) Universität Mannheim D-68131 Mannheim Phone +49 (0)621-181 2868 Fax +49 (0)621-181 2866 E-mail [email protected] WWW http://www.mzes.uni-mannheim.de © Mannheimer Zentrum für Europäische Sozialforschung (MZES) 2 Preface This report describes the recent development of the Mannheimer Zentrum für Europäische Sozialforschung (MZES). It gives an over- view of its institutional set-up, its research profile and research projects, the research cooperation in which MZES is involved and of the Centre’s challenges for the future. The description mainly covers the years 1999-2003, the time during which the Centre has been functioning under its present structure. During this period the management of the Centre has been in the hands of the following persons: Executive Board March 1999 – February 2002 Director: Prof. Dr. Jan van Deth Head of Department A: Prof. Dr. Walter Müller Head of Department B: Prof. Dr. Beate Kohler-Koch Executive Board March 2002 – February 2005 Director: Prof. Dr. Walter Müller Head of Department A: Prof. Dr. Hartmut Esser Head of Department B: Prof. Dr. Franz Urban Pappi Managing Director: Dr. Reinhart Schneider The report has been produced with the supportive cooperation of all parts of the Centre. Special thanks, however, go to Marlene Alle for the design and its implementation, to Sibylle Eberle for her dedicated secretarial assistance and to Christian Melbeck who helped to produce most of the appendix. The report can also be downloaded from the publication section of the MZES homepage http://www.mzes.uni-mannheim.de/ download/research1999-2003.pdf 4 Table of Contents Research Agenda, Resources, Achievements and Challenges 1 Department A: European Societies and Their Integration 31 A1: The Development of Social Structures in European Societies 37 A2: Social Services and Social Security: The European Welfare States in Comparison 51 A3: Migration, Integration and Ethnic Conflicts 59 A4: Cultural Foundations of the Market Economy and the Welfare State 69 A5: Family and Social Relations 77 Department B: European Political Systems and Their Integration 87 B1: Engagement, Participation, and Voters’ Behaviour 95 B2: Political Parties and Political Linkage 105 B3: The Election of Parliaments as a Coordination Problem of Parties and Voters 117 B4: Governance in Europe 127 B5: International Embeddedness of European Governance 141 B6: Institutionalization of International Negotiation Systems 153 B7: The Development of a European Regional System 167 Associated Projects and Outlook on a Future Research Topic 177 Infrastructure 185 Appendix 195 MZES Organs 197 MZES Staff 199 List of Journals with MZES-Publications 202 Publications 1999-2003 204 Papers and Presentations at Conferences 237 Doctoral Dissertations and Post-doctoral Theses 256 Conferences and Workshops 258 Visiting Scholarships of MZES Researchers 263 Visiting Professors / Scholars at MZES 265 MZES Cooperation Partners 268 Colloquia at MZES 274 Professional Services 286 MZES in the Public 290 Awards and Honours 293 6 Research Agenda, Resources, Achievements and Challenges 2 Introduction European integration has increasingly moved beyond establish- ing a common market. It represents one of the most significant developments in the political realm and the economic, social and cultural situation in Europe as well as in the position of Europe in the world. With a growing number of competences in many areas of political regulation being transposed to the Community level, the political order in Europe is being fundamentally re- shaped with far-reaching, often unclear consequences for many areas of the national political systems and the national socie- ties involved. The present process of enlargement of the EU ne- cessitates further changes that are exemplified in the difficult negotiations on a European constitution. The Mannheimer Zentrum für Europäische Sozialforschung (MZES) is an interdisciplinary research institute of the Universi- ty of Mannheim dedicated to the study of these processes. In its research it combines the comparative analysis of societies and political systems in different European nations with research on the process of European integration and its repercussions on the development of the national societies and nation-states. Scientific knowledge on the conditions, dynamics and conse- Research on European quences of the unfolding developments for many areas of gov- integration has to ernance, the life of citizens and their reactions to the changes is catch up with the fast largely lacking. Similarly, knowledge is needed on promising pros- and far-reaching pects and ways of integration and on the obstacles to it. In hard- political, economic and ly any area of similar significance does research lag behind the social transformations public needs to such an extent as here. MZES is making a con- in Europe centrated effort to improve such knowledge and to achieve this through both its own research and cooperation with other cent- ers. With its concentration primarily on basic research MZES pursues MZES integrates the an orientation that is congenial to a university institute. The sociological, political Centre brings together and attempts to integrate the sociologi- science and other cal and political science research competence and capacities relevant competence in existing at the various chairs of the Faculty of Social Sciences, the Mannheim research and cooperates with other units of Mannheim University and environment and cooper- other Mannheim-based research centres. Intensive cooperation ates nationally and inter- also exists with institutes and researchers outside Mannheim, nationally for a better in Germany and abroad. understanding of these With its research agenda and strategy MZES has a unique posi- developments tion in the landscape of German social science research insti- 3 Research Agenda, Resources, Achievements and Challenges tutes and it is one of very few research centres in Europe at which research on core issues of social and political change in the course of European integration is pursued to a similar extent and with a similarly rich blend of disciplinary competences and approach- es. The MZES now is in its 15th year, and the Mannheim Faculty of Social Sciences is at an important juncture as nine of eleven professors of political science and sociology are retiring or will retire soon. These are sensible occasions to provide an overview of the Centre, its institutional set-up, research being done, the position of MZES in national and international research networks, and other achievements. This review mainly extends over the last five years, the time during which the Centre has been func- tioning under its present structure. This introductory chapter begins with a brief history of MZES and a short overview of its present structure and research agenda. It then describes other general characteristics and recent achieve- ments of the Centre such as its resources and their use, and its publication policy and record. It also discusses the Centre’s ar- rangements and activities for scientific exchange and coopera- tion, as well as some challenges for the future. The three following chapters present the research aims and projects in the Centre’s two Research Departments and the contribution of the Centre’s infrastructure to the functioning of the institute. The appendix includes a series of documents that list some of the activities and products of the Centre. The Centre´s new home since 1997, shared with the ZEW (Centre for European Economic Research), is situated in Mannheim´s L square, near the castle. It has added much to a growing visibility of 4 MZES activities. 4 Introduction / A Brief History and the Current Structure of MZES A Brief History and the Current Structure of MZES The Mannheimer Zentrum für Europäische Sozialforschung (MZES) was established in 1989 as an interdisciplinary research institute of Mannheim University. Since then it has been receiv- ing basic funding from Baden-Württemberg’s Ministry for Sci- ence, Research and Art through the budget of Mannheim University. The proposal to establish the Centre was put forward by the Social Science Faculty and was inspired by the - MZES started 1989 with five long-term interest of several faculty members in the scientific staff – now the largest empirical study of modernization processes in the so- research institute of Mannheim cial and political systems of contemporary societies. University with a total of some The initiative was stimulated by Peter Flora, who lat- 120 researchers, administrative er became the first director of the Centre. Its initial staff and student assistants name, Mannheimer Zentrum für Sozialwissenschaf- ten, reflected this disciplinary origin, but the name was changed in 1991 to more accurately indicate the Centre’s focus: empiri- cally based interdisciplinary research on Europe. The budget and personnel resources that were allocated ena- bled the Centre to be gradually established in the years up to 1992 when the Centre reached its full staff.1 The Centre started to work in 1989 with five scientific staff members, with initial efforts concentrated on developing the infrastructure necessary for research (library, computing and data archive). In the initial years the three research units proposed in the original plans were gradually built up. They were complemented by a fourth unit through the integration of
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