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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 90 International Scientific-Practical Conference on Business Cooperation (ISPCBS 2019) Problems and restrictions facing cluster formation within priority social and economic development areas in monotowns Yu.V. Daneykin M.M. Kozyrev O.P. Ivanova Polytechnical Institute Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State Institute of Economics, Management and Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University Law University Veliky Novgorod, Russia Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State Veliky Novgorod, Russia [email protected] University [email protected] Veliky Novgorod, Russia [email protected] V.A. Trifonov M.V. Kivarina Yurginsky Branch (Institute) of the National Research Tomsk Institute of Economics, Management and Law Polytechnic University, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University Institute of Economics, Management and Law Veliky Novgorod, Russia Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University [email protected] Veliky Novgorod, Russia [email protected] AbstractThe analysis of territorial development programs a monotown of Yurga in Kemerovo region – a cluster for the for Priority Social and Economic Development Areas (PSEDA) production of building materials, a machine industry cluster, in monotowns shows that some of them are based on the use of and an agro-industrial cluster. By the year of 2010 a the cluster approach to the industry structuring in a town. monotown of Anzhero-Sudzhensk in Kemerovo region is However, in addition to the possible advantages of using cluster also considering the possibility of creating a petrochemical formation within the regions, it is necessary to assess the cluster and a wood processing cluster for the purpose of a problems and limitations of creating municipal clusters. Such PSEDA development. While preparing the application for industrial clusters, emerging and developing in Priority Social obtaining the status of Priority Social and Economic and Economic Development Areas (PSEDA) in single-industry Development Area, the management team of a monotown of towns (i.e. monotowns), face many problems and obstacles. Berezovskiy in Kemerovo region has also been using the This article presents the results of the study of these problems. terminology of the cluster approach to specify perspective Potential risks, problems and limitations facing cluster formation in monotowns were identified not only on the basis directions of its development. They are also exploring the of systematization of the existing research in this area, but also potential for creating an oil-and-coal-chemical cluster as a result of a survey that was answered by the potential (Ivanova et al 2017). participants of clusters in Kemerovo region. The identified By substantiating the possibility to create and problems, risks and limitations that the development of clusters successfully develop a cluster, the management team of the faces while implementing the programs aimed to build PSEDA monotown of Berezovskiy proceed from the following facts: in monotowns, have been classified by their sources. These at present 76% of the town’s economy is in coal mining and sources are determined by the characteristics and unique processing; there is a Federal highway going to the city of features of monotowns themselves. They depend on the individual characteristics of a PSEDA, in particular, the Irkutsk near the town, as well as a regional highway to requirements for residents and their investment projects. The Anzhero-Sudzhensk and Tomsk; the monotown of sources are also determined by the risks and difficulties that Berezovskiy has a branch railway line that has an access to exist in the practice of cluster formation and functioning of the Trans-Siberian railway via the town of Taiga (this is of clusters. great strategic importance for the development of the town, since it already resolves the issue of logistics). An assessment Keywordscluster formation, cluster, Priority Social and of trends in the coal markets shows that thermal coal is losing Economic Development Area, monotown, problems and its consumers in the world market, and metallurgical coal limitations of cluster formation, risks of cluster policy. will be in short supply in the nearest 5-10 years. Russia does not dictate prices in the world market (the key players are I. INTRODUCTION China, the U.S.A and Australia). To ensure the innovative To diversify the economy of monotowns of the Russian direction for the newly developing oil-and-coal-and-chemical Federation, a state measure is actively used, namely the cluster in the monotown of Berezovskiy in Kemerovo region, creation of Priority Social and Economic Development Areas a project to create a Center of Research and Competence (PSEDA). Some programs for creating PSEDAs in (WorldSkills Center) has been developed. This WorldSkills monotowns are based on the use of the cluster approach. For Center will be based at the premises of Berezovskiy example, three industrial clusters are planned to be created in Polytechnic College, which specializes in laboratory and Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 589 chemical analysis, industrial robotics, as well as in mechanics interests and fears of investors, as well as potential and and automation. WorldSkills Center will encompass research existing residents of PSEDAs, who participate in clusters in laboratories specializing in organic chemistry and coal those areas in their monotowns; and the experience of chemistry, as well as in mineral processing, and robotics and clusterization in the industry. engineering. This research was based on the following information Active development of cluster initiatives in the Russian sources: studies of foreign and domestic experience in the Federation began in the late 2000s (Abashkin et al 2012, development of clusters; foreign experience of cluster Kutsenko 2012, 2015, 2016, Kutsenko and Meissner 2013, management European Cluster Excellence Initiative; Gokhberg and Shadrin 2013, Gokhberg et al 2011, Abashkin processes of creating business clusters and high-tech clusters; et al 2017, Markov et al 2015). Overall, 277 cluster the criteria for selecting pilot clusters in Russia; officially initiatives have been identified in the Russian Federation published statistics on functioning and support of clusters, as during the implementation of cluster policy. Some of those well as on the creation and work of PSEDAs in the Russian clusters have already ceased to exist (170 clusters), while the Federation; work of monotowns and implementation of others continue to function at least since the year of 2008 (61 various instruments for diversifying their economies; clusters), yet many (61 clusters) appeared in the period from empirical data collected through questions, surveys and the year of 2013 to 2015. (Kutsenko et al 2017). In addition, interviews of actual and potential residents of PSEDAs and 27 pilot innovative territorial clusters (ITCs) with the budget potential cluster members in the monotowns of Anzhero- of more than 5 billion rubles were selected on a competitive Sudzhensk and Yurga in Kemerovo region. basis to participate in a support program. This program is being implemented by the Ministry of Economic The methodology of our research is based on a successful and effective for scientific research, in our opinion, the Development of the Russian Federation since 2012. It contributes to the growth of economic development of the methodological approach used in the work by M. Russ (Russ regions where the clusters are located (Islankina et al 2017). 2016).The essence of this methodology is to conduct an Pilot ITCs showed positive dynamics of the most important integrative literature review using screening when searching targeted performance indicators: cluster member-companies for keywords in headlines and abstracts. Proposed by Russ either created new or updated more than 95 thousand high- M. a descriptive multidisciplinary review of the literature as a performance work spaces; total investment in the modified version of the integrative review of the literature development of clusters from extra-budget funds amounted makes it possible to use the initial conceptualization leading to more than 360 billion rubles; total cost of cooperative to a new perspective on the studied problem – the research projects reached 75 billion rubles. identification and systematization of the problems and limitations of clustering on PSEDA of monotowns. The use Such dynamics of cluster development surely results in of ontology as a specification of conceptualization, a tool for the increase of interest, including the interest of the structuring information, a system of a set of concepts and a developers of the programs aimed at creating PSEDAs in set of statements about these concepts allowed us to form an monotowns. They tend to use the terminology and tools of idea of research in the cluster sphere conducted by Russian the cluster approach in describing the goals and mechanisms and foreign researchers. The study was conducted during for achieving their program goals. However, the problem 2017. The following keywords were used (in various remains whether it is possible to use the cluster approach in combinations): cluster, cluster initiative, cluster policy, combination with the mechanisms of PSEDAs to address company town, PSEDA, special economic zones, cluster social and economic problems,
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