DOCSLIB.ORG

Committee. It Was Reported

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Distribution limited WHC-98/CONF.203/18 Paris, 29 January 1999 Original : English/French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Twenty-second session Kyoto, Japan 30 November – 5 December 1998 REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. Opening Session 1 ANNEX I List of Participants 59 II. Adoption of the Agenda and Timetable 2 ANNEX II Speeches III. Election of the Chairperson, Rapporteur 2 II.1 Speech by the Representative of the 76 and Vice-Chairpersons Director-General of UNESCO IV. Report of the Secretariat on activities 2 II.2 Message of the Minister for Foreign Affairs 78 undertaken since the twenty-first session of of Japan, delivered by the Japanese the World Heritage Committee Ambassador to Osaka V. Report of the Rapporteur on the sessions of 3 II.3 Speech by the Parliamentary Vice-Minister 79 the World Heritage Bureau of Education VI. Methodology and Procedures for Periodic 4 II.4 Speech by the Governor of the Prefecture of 80 Reporting Kyoto VII. State of Conservation of Properties 6 II.5 Message of the Mayor of the City of Kyoto 81 inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger and on the World Heritage List II.6 Speech by the Chairperson of the World 82 Heritage Committee VIII. Information on Tentative Lists and 24 Examination of Nominations of Cultural II.7 Speech by the Representative of The World 83 and Natural Properties to the List of World Bank Heritage in Danger and the World Heritage List II.8 Speech by the Resident Representative to 85 Japan of the Asian Development Bank IX. Follow-up to the Work of the Consultative 32 Body of the World Heritage Committee ANNEX III Format and Explanatory Notes for the 87 submission of Periodic Reports X. Progress Report, Synthesis and Action Plan 36 on the Global Strategy for a Representative ANNEX IV Decision of the twenty-second 93 and Credible World Heritage List extraordinary session of the Bureau of the World Heritage Committee (Kyoto, 28-29 XI. Examination of the World Heritage Fund 39 November 1998) with regard to the state of and Approval of the Budget for 1999, and conservation of properties inscribed on the Presentation of a Provisional Budget for World Heritage List 2000 XII. Requests for International Assistance 43 ANNEX V Statement of Thailand relating to the Thung 113 Yai-Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries XIII. World Heritage Documentation, 54 Information and Educational Activities ANNEX VI Kakadu National Park, Australia XIV. Revision of the Operational Guidelines for 56 VI.1 Presentation by Prof. F. Francioni (Italy) 114 the Implementation of the World Heritage concerning the World Heritage Mission to Convention Kakadu National Park (Australia), 26 October-1 November 1998) XV. Date, Place and Provisional Agenda of the 57 twenty-third session of the Bureau of the VI.2 Joint IUCN-ICOMOS Position Statement 118 World Heritage Committee VI.3 First Statement by the Delegate of Australia 119 XVI. Date and Place of the twenty-third session 57 of the World Heritage Committee VI.4 Second Statement by the Delegate of 119 Australia XVII. Other Business 57 XVIII Closure of the session 58 . i ANNEX VII.1 Statement of Poland relating to the 120 ANNEX XI Statements by Hungary inscription of Classical Weimar (Germany) XI.1 Invitation to hold a session of the World 126 VII.2 Statement by Poland relating to the 120 Heritage Committee inscription of L'viv (Ukraine) XI.2 Remarks on GIS-related Information to 126 ANNEX VIII Statement by Greece on authenticity 121 Document WHC-98/CONF.203/15 ANNEX IX Statement by the former Chairperson 122 XI.3 Proposal for Establishing a World Heritage 127 relating to a Technical Assistance request Fellowship Programme for Turkey and Annex A of Document WHC-98/CONF.203/14Rev. ANNEX XII Guidelines and Principles for the Use of the 128 World Heritage Emblem ANNEX X Provisional Agenda of the twenty-third 124 session of the Bureau of the World Heritage Committee ii I. OPENING SESSION Committee session. In delivering the speech on behalf of the Director-General (provided in Annex II.1), Mr Bouchenaki I.1 The twenty-second ordinary session of the World referred to the important intellectual and financial contribution Heritage Committee was held in Kyoto, Japan, from 30 made by Japan in advancing reflection on world heritage as well November to 5 December 1998. It was attended by the following as in the tangible work of heritage conservation in many members of the World Heritage Committee: Australia, Benin, countries. He thanked, in particular, the generosity of the Brazil, Canada, Cuba, Ecuador, Finland, France, Greece, Government of Japan for the Funds-in-Trust contribution to Hungary, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Malta, Mexico, Morocco, Niger, UNESCO for cultural heritage preservation projects. He stated Republic of Korea, Thailand, United States of America and that the strong support being given by the public and private Zimbabwe. sectors in Japan for world heritage education and public information is another indication of the long-term commitment I.2 The following States Parties to the Convention who are and vision of Japan for the World Heritage Convention. To meet not members of the Committee were represented as observers: the challenges of the multifarious threats to World Heritage, Mr Austria, Belgium, Cameroon, China, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Bouchenaki indicated the importance the Director-General has Egypt, Estonia, Fiji, Germany, Ghana, Guatemala, Holy See, attached to strengthening the World Heritage Centre since its Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lithuania, Nepal, establishment in 1992 as a transdisciplinary, inter-sectoral co- The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, ordinating entity within UNESCO. In this regard, he transmitted Poland, Portugal, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, the Director-General’s deep appreciation for the hard work and Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, leadership provided by Mr Bernd von Droste, Director of the United Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, Uzbekistan and World Heritage Centre, during his 25 years of service at Vietnam. UNESCO for the cause of natural and cultural heritage conservation. Special mention was made of Mr von Droste’s I.3 Representatives of the advisory bodies to the important contribution in developing the UNESCO Man and the Convention, the International Centre for the Study of the Biosphere Programme, then in building UNESCO’s capacity for Preservation and the Restoration of the Cultural Property the protection, conservation and presentation of World Heritage (ICCROM), the International Council on Monuments and Sites through widening and strengthening partnerships in the collective (ICOMOS) and The World Conservation Union (IUCN) international effort. In concluding his statement, Mr Bouchenaki attended. The meeting was also attended by The World Bank, the expressed on behalf of his colleagues, his hope for Mr von Asian Development Bank, the International Federation of Droste’s continued involvement in world heritage protection even Landscape Architects (IFLA), the International Fund for Animal after his retirement from UNESCO. Welfare (IFAW), Organization of World Heritage Cities (OWHC), The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), I.7 The Chairperson then invited the representatives of the Asia/Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO, Environment host Government to deliver their welcoming remarks. Diplomacy Institute, Friends of the Earth, Gundjehmi Aboriginal Corporation, National Federation of UNESCO Associations in I.8 The message of His Excellency Mr Masahiko Japan (NFUAJ), Natural Resources Defense Council, The Nature KOUMURA, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Japan, was delivered Conservation Society of Japan (NACS-J), Pro Esteros (Mexico), by Mr Hiromi SATO, Ambassador in Osaka. In his message The Wilderness Society Inc. and the World Monuments Fund. (attached as Annex II.2), the Minister of Foreign Affairs stressed The complete list of participants is given in Annex I. the strong support the Government and people of Japan have provided to the activities of UNESCO. International cultural I.4 The outgoing Chairperson of the Committee, Mr exchange, notably through support for cultural heritage Francesco Francioni (Italy), opened the twenty-second session by preservation via UNESCO and other multilateral channels, as thanking the Government of Japan, as well as the Prefecture and well as through bilateral co-operation programmes has become the City of Kyoto for generously hosting the Committee. In an important aspect of Japan’s foreign policy. International co- summarizing the activities of the Committee during the past year operation as foreseen within the framework of the World under his Chairmanship, Mr. Francioni remarked on the growing Heritage Convention, is therefore considered to be of particular challenge of World Heritage protection. To enhance the importance to Japan. implementation of the World Heritage Convention, he indicated the importance he attached to improving the working relations I.9 Mr Kensaku MORITA, Parliamentary Vice-Minister between the statutory bodies of the Convention and the UNESCO for Education, stressed in his speech (Annex II.3) the vital role of Secretariat. In this connection, he thanked the members of the cultural heritage as a foundation of national identity. The Consultative Body appointed by the Committee and the members understanding and respect for the heritage
Recommended publications
  • New Mexico New Mexico

    New Mexico New Mexico

    NEW MEXICO NEWand MEXICO the PIMERIA ALTA THE COLONIAL PERIOD IN THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEst edited by John G. Douglass and William M. Graves NEW MEXICO AND THE PIMERÍA ALTA NEWand MEXICO thePI MERÍA ALTA THE COLONIAL PERIOD IN THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEst edited by John G. Douglass and William M. Graves UNIVERSITY PRESS OF COLORADO Boulder © 2017 by University Press of Colorado Published by University Press of Colorado 5589 Arapahoe Avenue, Suite 206C Boulder, Colorado 80303 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America The University Press of Colorado is a proud member of Association of American University Presses. The University Press of Colorado is a cooperative publishing enterprise supported, in part, by Adams State University, Colorado State University, Fort Lewis College, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Regis University, University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado, Utah State University, and Western State Colorado University. ∞ This paper meets the requirements of the ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). ISBN: 978-1-60732-573-4 (cloth) ISBN: 978-1-60732-574-1 (ebook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Douglass, John G., 1968– editor. | Graves, William M., editor. Title: New Mexico and the Pimería Alta : the colonial period in the American Southwest / edited by John G. Douglass and William M. Graves. Description: Boulder : University Press of Colorado, [2017] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016044391| ISBN 9781607325734 (cloth) | ISBN 9781607325741 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Spaniards—Pimería Alta (Mexico and Ariz.)—History. | Spaniards—Southwest, New—History. | Indians of North America—First contact with Europeans—Pimería Alta (Mexico and Ariz.)—History.
  • Spectacular South America

    Spectacular South America

    Neptune Tours & Travels Pvt. Ltd. Arihant Benchmark, 113/F, Matheswartolla Road Near Topsia Crossing, Axis Bank Building, 3rd Floor Kolkata - 700046, West Bengal, India Tel: +91 33 4022 9591; Email : [email protected] Spectacular South America Day 1:Arrive at Lima: Upon arrival at Rio airport, complete customs and immigration formalities. Meet and greet by our local representative, and transfer to your hotel for check in. Since its foundation on the 18th of January 1535 by the conqueror of Peru, Francisco Pizarro, Lima, or the "City of Kings" (the name was given to the city because of the proximity of the date of its foundation to January the 6th, the day of the three kings) has been the capital of Peru. Its magnificent colonial architecture led UNESCO to declare the Historic Centre of Lima a World Heritage Site. 1 / 5 Overnight at hotel. Day 2:Lima: Breakfast at the hotel. Today, you will be taken on a Lima City Tour. This tour includes points of interest such as the Main Square (Plaza Mayor) founded in 1535 by Francisco Pizarro, conqueror of Perú, Government Palace, City Hall, the Cathedral, San Francisco Convent, built in the 17th century, and its “Catacombs” ancient underground cemetery of Lima, and finally the House of El Oidor. During the tour, you will see other colonial architectural jewels, such as Torre Tagle Palace, a beautiful mansion dating back to the 18th century and the Osambela House. The tour continues to the new residential and commercial areas of San Isidro and Miraflores. Overnight at hotel. Day 3:Lima-Cuzco : Breakfast at the hotel.
  • Oviedo Y El Territorio Astur Entre Mahoma Y Carlomagno (Siglos Vii-Ix) El Poder Del Pasado En El Origen Del Reino De Asturias*

    Oviedo Y El Territorio Astur Entre Mahoma Y Carlomagno (Siglos Vii-Ix) El Poder Del Pasado En El Origen Del Reino De Asturias*

    XXXIX Oviedo y el territorio astur entre Mahoma y Carlomagno (siglos VII-IX) El poder del pasado en el origen del reino de Asturias J. Avelino GUTIÉRREZ GONZÁLEZ SEPARATA 17-20 JULIO 2012 Mapa del Reino de Navarra. G. Cantinelli, 1690. Archivo Real y General de Navarra. 1690. Archivo G. Cantinelli, Reino de Navarra. del Mapa DE MAHOMA A CARLOMAGNO LOS PRIMEROS TIEMPOS (SIGLOS VII-IX) Oviedo y el territorio astur entre Mahoma y Carlomagno (siglos VII-IX) El poder del pasado en el origen del reino de Asturias* J. Avelino GUTIÉRREZ GONZÁLEZ Universidad de Oviedo INTRoducciÓN l tema de la XXXIX Semana de Estudios Medievales de Estella, De Mahoma a Carlomagno. Los primeros tiempos (s. VII-IX), permite aproxi- E maciones múltiples e interdisciplinares, desde las más generales a otras particulares, que permitan cruzar miradas, comparar observaciones regiona- les o contrastar informaciones procedentes de diversas fuentes. Bajo esas pre- misas se realiza este estudio, que pretende aportar –más que concluir– algunas ideas sobre un tema crucial, en el que se acrisolan los orígenes de los estados islámicos y los reinos cristianos medievales, mediante la aproximación a la estructura poblacional y social en los orígenes del reino de Asturias. Entre los siglos VII y IX se produce la eclosión, consolidación y expansión hegemónica de las formaciones políticas medievales, con jalones tan signi- ficativos como la conquista islámica y la liquidación del reino visigodo, el surgimiento de los reinos hispánicos y la hegemonía del imperio carolingio. Entre esas coordenadas se sitúa la emergencia del reino de Asturias, una de las primeras formaciones políticas surgidas de la resistencia a la expansión islámica en los extremos noroccidentales peninsulares y cuya trascendencia histórica es bien conocida.
  • Come Home To

    Come Home To

    Come home to Beautiful towns to visit in Asturias asturiastourism.co.uk 2 #AsturianCities Introduction #AsturianCities EDITING: SOCIEDAD PÚBLICA DE GESTIÓN Y PROMOCIÓN TURÍSTICA Y CULTURAL DEL PRINCIPADO DE ASTURIAS, SAU Design: Arrontes y Barrera Estudio de Publicidad Layout: Paco Currás Diseñadores Maps: Da Vinci Estudio Gráfico Texts: Regina Buitrago Martínez-Colubi Translation: Morote Traducciones, SL. Photography: Front cover: Amar Hernández. Inside pages: Amar Hernández, Camilo Alonso, Juan de Tury, Juanjo Arrojo, Marcos Morilla, Noé Baranda, Paco Currás, Pelayo Lacazette, Ayuntamiento de Avilés, Ayuntamiento de Oviedo, Divertia Gijón SA and own Files. Imprenta: Imprenta Mundo SLU D.L.: AS 03020-2018 © CONSEJERÍA DE EMPLEO, INDUSTRIA Y TURISMO DEL PRINCIPADO DE ASTURIAS asturiastourism.co.uk #AsturianCities 1 Asturias, a spectacular region. A historic The lifestyle and mild Atlantic climate of Principality located in the north of Spain. A Asturias allows Asturians and visitors to beautiful, natural tapestry coloured green, enjoy life outdoors. The three cities have blue and grey. The land with a black coal crowded areas of wide terraces, in their city mining heart. It is heaven on earth. Visiting centres as well as in their neighbourhoods. Asturias will fascinate you. It is an experience This contributes to the enjoyment of relaxing, you’ll never forget. friendly meet-ups and the feeling of living the good life that can be soaked up in this land. Its urban area is made up of three cities with a great history and personality: Avilés, Gijón/ It is easy to enjoy all of them, only twenty Xixón and Oviedo (the capital). These cities minutes away by motorway, and public form an easily accessible urban area.
  • The Medieval Pilgrim Routes Through France and Spain to Santiago De Compostela Free Download

    The Medieval Pilgrim Routes Through France and Spain to Santiago De Compostela Free Download

    THE ROADS TO SANTIAGO: THE MEDIEVAL PILGRIM ROUTES THROUGH FRANCE AND SPAIN TO SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA FREE DOWNLOAD Derry Brabbs | 253 pages | 20 Jun 2013 | Frances Lincoln Publishers Ltd | 9780711234727 | English | London, United Kingdom The Pilgrimage Roads: Of the Route of Saint James Want to Read Currently Reading Read. In this way, Galicia can be reached The Roads to Santiago: The Medieval Pilgrim Routes Through France and Spain to Santiago de Compostela the province of Ourense. Sue rated it it was amazing Nov 25, The route has an imposing splendour of scenery, as well as countless historical and heritage resources… Learn more. Share One of the most popular events of the elaborate half-week of festivities is the swinging of the centuries-old, solid silver censer called the botafumeiro. The pilgrim's staff is a walking stick used by pilgrims on the way to the shrine of Santiago de Compostela in Spain. Some people set out on the Camino for spiritual reasons; many others find spiritual reasons along the Way as they meet other pilgrims, attend pilgrim masses in churches and monasteries and cathedrals, and see the large infrastructure of buildings provided for pilgrims over many centuries. This practice gradually led to the scallop shell becoming the badge of a pilgrim. Here only a few routes are named. People who want to have peace of mind will benefit from an organized tour or a self-guided tour while many will opt to plan the camino on their own. The city virtually explodes with activity for several days previous, culminating in a great spectacle in the plaza in front of the cathedral on the eve of the feast day.
  • The Incas.Pdf

    The Incas.Pdf

    THE INCAS THE INCAS By Franklin Pease García Yrigoyen Translated by Simeon Tegel The Incas Franklin Pease García Yrigoyen © Mariana Mould de Pease, 2011 Translated by Simeon Tegel Original title in Spanish: Los Incas Published by Fondo Editorial de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2007, 2009, 2014, 2015 © Fondo Editorial de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015 Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 32 - Perú Tel.: (51 1) 626-2650 Fax: (51 1) 626-2913 [email protected] www.pucp.edu.pe/publicaciones Design and composition: Fondo Editorial de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú First English Edition: January 2011 First reprint English Edition: October 2015 Print run: 1000 copies ISBN: 978-9972-42-949-1 Hecho el Depósito Legal en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú N° 2015-13735 Registro de Proyecto Editorial: 31501361501021 Impreso en Tarea Asociación Gráfica Educativa Pasaje María Auxiliadora 156, Lima 5, Perú Contents Introduction 9 Chapter I The Andes, its History and the Incas 13 Inca History 13 The Predecessors of the Incas in the Andes 23 Chapter II The Origin of the Incas 31 The Early Organization of Cusco and the Formation of the Tawantinsuyu 38 The Inca Conquests 45 Chapter III The Inca Economy 53 Labor 64 Agriculture 66 Agricultural Technology 71 Livestock 76 Metallurgy 81 The Administration of Production 85 Storehouses 89 The Quipus 91 Chapter IV The Organization of Society 95 The Dualism 95 The Inca 100 The Cusco Elite 105 The Curaca: Ethnic Lord 109 Inca and Local Administration 112 The Population and Population
  • Världsarvslistan

    Världsarvslistan

    http://wimnell.com/omr91b.pdf • Tipasa • Kasbah of Algiers Världsarvslistan Andorra http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/ • Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley Argentina The World Heritage List includes 936 properties forming part of the • Los Glaciares # cultural and natural heritage which the World Heritage Committee • Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, considers as having outstanding universal value. Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) * These include 725 cultural , 183 natural and 28 mixed properties in • Iguazu National Park 153 States Parties. As of November 2011, 188 States Parties have • Cueva de las Manos, Río Pinturas ratified the World Heritage Convention. • Península Valdés • Ischigualasto / Talampaya Natural Parks Afghanistan • Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba • Quebrada de Humahuaca • Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam Armenia • Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley • Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin Albania • Cathedral and Churches of Echmiatsin and the Archaeological Site of Zvartnots • Butrint • Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley • Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra Australia Algeria • Great Barrier Reef • Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad • Kakadu National Park • Djémila • Willandra Lakes Region • M'Zab Valley • Lord Howe Island Group • Tassili n'Ajjer # • Tasmanian Wilderness • Timgad • Gondwana Rainforests of Australia 1 • Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park 2 • Qal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour
  • Centeredness As a Cultural and Grammatical Theme in Maya-Mam

    Centeredness As a Cultural and Grammatical Theme in Maya-Mam

    CENTEREDNESS AS A CULTURAL AND GRAMMATICAL THEME IN MAYA-MAM DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Wesley M. Collins, B.S., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Examination Committee: Approved by Professor Donald Winford, Advisor Professor Scott Schwenter Advisor Professor Amy Zaharlick Department of Linguistics Copyright by Wesley Miller Collins 2005 ABSTRACT In this dissertation, I look at selected Maya-Mam anthropological and linguistic data and suggest that they provide evidence that there exist overlapping cultural and grammatical themes that are salient to Mam speakers. The data used in this study were gathered largely via ethnographic methods based on participant observation over my twenty-five year relationship with the Mam people of Comitancillo, a town of 60,000 in Guatemala’s Western Highlands. For twelve of those years, my family and I lived among the Mam, participating with them in the cultural milieu of daily life. In order to help shed light on the general relationship between language and culture, I discuss the key Mayan cultural value of centeredness and I show how this value is a pervasive organizing principle in Mayan thought, cosmology, and daily living, a value called upon by the Mam in their daily lives to regulate and explain behavior. Indeed, I suggest that centeredness is a cultural theme, a recurring cultural value which supersedes social differences, and which is defined for cultural groups as a whole (England, 1978). I show how the Mam understanding of issues as disparate as homestead construction, the town central plaza, historical Mayan religious practice, Christian conversion, health concerns, the importance of the numbers two and four, the notions of agreement and forgiveness, child discipline, and moral stance are all instantiations of this basic underlying principle.
  • Lost Ancient Technology of Peru and Bolivia

    Lost Ancient Technology of Peru and Bolivia

    Lost Ancient Technology Of Peru And Bolivia Copyright Brien Foerster 2012 All photos in this book as well as text other than that of the author are assumed to be copyright free; obtained from internet free file sharing sites. Dedication To those that came before us and left a legacy in stone that we are trying to comprehend. Although many archaeologists don’t like people outside of their field “digging into the past” so to speak when conventional explanations don’t satisfy, I feel it is essential. If the engineering feats of the Ancient Ones cannot or indeed are not answered satisfactorily, if the age of these stone works don’t include consultation from geologists, and if the oral traditions of those that are supposedly descendants of the master builders are not taken into account, then the full story is not present. One of the best examples of this regards the great Sphinx of Egypt, dated by most Egyptologists at about 4500 years. It took the insight and questioning mind of John Anthony West, veteran student of the history of that great land to invite a geologist to study the weathering patterns of the Sphinx and make an estimate of when and how such degradation took place. In stepped Dr. Robert Schoch, PhD at Boston University, who claimed, and still holds to the theory that such an effect was the result of rain, which could have only occurred prior to the time when the Pharaoh, the presumed builders, had existed. And it has taken the keen observations of an engineer, Christopher Dunn, to look at the Great Pyramid on the Giza Plateau and develop a very potent theory that it was indeed not the tomb of an egotistical Egyptian ruler, as in Khufu, but an electrical power plant that functioned on a grand scale thousands of years before Khufu (also known as Cheops) was born.
  • Inca Statehood on the Huchuy Qosqo Roads Advisor

    Inca Statehood on the Huchuy Qosqo Roads Advisor

    Silva Collins, Gabriel 2019 Anthropology Thesis Title: Making the Mountains: Inca Statehood on the Huchuy Qosqo Roads Advisor: Antonia Foias Advisor is Co-author: None of the above Second Advisor: Released: release now Authenticated User Access: No Contains Copyrighted Material: No MAKING THE MOUNTAINS: Inca Statehood on the Huchuy Qosqo Roads by GABRIEL SILVA COLLINS Antonia Foias, Advisor A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in Anthropology WILLIAMS COLLEGE Williamstown, Massachusetts May 19, 2019 Introduction Peru is famous for its Pre-Hispanic archaeological sites: places like Machu Picchu, the Nazca lines, and the city of Chan Chan. Ranging from the earliest cities in the Americas to Inca metropolises, millennia of urban human history along the Andes have left large and striking sites scattered across the country. But cities and monuments do not exist in solitude. Peru’s ancient sites are connected by a vast circulatory system of roads that connected every corner of the country, and thousands of square miles beyond its current borders. The Inca road system, or Qhapaq Ñan, is particularly famous; thousands of miles of trails linked the empire from modern- day Colombia to central Chile, crossing some of the world’s tallest mountain ranges and driest deserts. The Inca state recognized the importance of its road system, and dotted the trails with rest stops, granaries, and religious shrines. Inca roads even served directly religious purposes in pilgrimages and a system of ritual pathways that divided the empire (Ogburn 2010). This project contributes to scholarly knowledge about the Inca and Pre-Hispanic Andean civilizations by studying the roads which stitched together the Inca state.
  • Global Heritage Tourism Revenues in Developing

    Global Heritage Tourism Revenues in Developing

    Economic Impact- Global Heritage Tourism Revenues in Developing and Emerging Countries and Regions October 2010 - GHF Es'mates and Published Data Total Site Visitors Total Revenues (in Top 50 Global Heritage Sites Country Domesc Visitors Interna@onal Visitors (2009 est.) $1,000s) The Great Wall China 16,000,000 8,200,000 24,200,000 $2,888,000,000 Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor China 10,000,000 8,000,000 18,000,000 $1,920,000,000 Memphis and its Necropolis Egypt 400,000 4,600,000 3,000,000 $936,000,000 Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynases China 5,200,000 1,800,000 7,000,000 $904,000,000 Historic Cairo Egypt 1,400,000 2,600,000 4,000,000 $576,000,000 Ephesus Turkey 800,000 2,700,000 3,500,000 $572,000,000 Dahshour Egypt 400,000 2,600,000 2,000,000 $536,000,000 Amritsar India 4,000,000 1,500,000 5,500,000 $460,000,000 Angkor Cambodia 400,000 2,100,000 2,500,000 $436,000,000 Pre-Hispanic City of Teohuacan Mexico 2,200,000 2,000,000 4,200,000 $432,000,000 Machu Picchu Peru 600,000 800,000 1,400,000 $384,000,000 Monte Alban Mexico 1,300,000 1,500,000 2,800,000 $352,000,000 Historic Oaxaca Mexico 1,300,000 1,500,000 2,800,000 $352,000,000 Mitla Mexico 1,300,000 1,500,000 2,800,000 $352,000,000 Abu Simbel Egypt 500,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 $320,000,000 Ancient Thebes Egypt 500,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 $320,000,000 Taj Mahal India 1,200,000 1,200,000 2,400,000 $288,000,000 Petra Jordan 320,000 1,280,000 1,600,000 $268,800,000 Old Havana and its Forficaons Cuba 573,986 1,200,000 1,773,986 $262,959,440 Abu Mena Egypt 300,000 1,200,000 1,500,000
  • Peru's Musical Heritage of the Viceroyalty: the Creation of a National Identity

    Peru's Musical Heritage of the Viceroyalty: the Creation of a National Identity

    Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Graduate School Collection WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Spring 2019 Peru's Musical Heritage of the Viceroyalty: The Creation of a National Identity Fabiola Yupari Western Washington University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet Part of the Music Commons Recommended Citation Yupari, Fabiola, "Peru's Musical Heritage of the Viceroyalty: The Creation of a National Identity" (2019). WWU Graduate School Collection. 887. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/887 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Graduate School Collection by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Peru’s Musical Heritage of the Viceroyalty: The Creation of a National Identity By Fabiola Yupari Accepted in Partial Completion of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Music ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chair, Dr. Bertil Van Boer Dr. Ryan Dudenbostel Dr. Patrick Roulet GRADUATE SCHOOL Kathleen L. Kitto, Acting Dean Master’s Thesis In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s degree at Western Washington University, I grant to Western Washington University the non-exclusive royalty-free right to archive, reproduce, distribute, and display the thesis in any and all forms, including electronic format, via any digital library mechanisms maintained by WWU. I represent and warrant this is my original work, and does not infringe or violate any rights of others. I warrant that I have obtained written permissions from the owner of any third party copyrighted material included in these files.