DOCSLIB.ORG

Global Heritage Tourism Revenues in Developing

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Economic Impact- Global Heritage Tourism Revenues in Developing and Emerging Countries and Regions October 2010 - GHF Es'mates and Published Data Total Site Visitors Total Revenues (in Top 50 Global Heritage Sites Country Domesc Visitors Interna@onal Visitors (2009 est.) $1,000s) The Great Wall China 16,000,000 8,200,000 24,200,000 $2,888,000,000 Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor China 10,000,000 8,000,000 18,000,000 $1,920,000,000 Memphis and its Necropolis Egypt 400,000 4,600,000 3,000,000 $936,000,000 Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynases China 5,200,000 1,800,000 7,000,000 $904,000,000 Historic Cairo Egypt 1,400,000 2,600,000 4,000,000 $576,000,000 Ephesus Turkey 800,000 2,700,000 3,500,000 $572,000,000 Dahshour Egypt 400,000 2,600,000 2,000,000 $536,000,000 Amritsar India 4,000,000 1,500,000 5,500,000 $460,000,000 Angkor Cambodia 400,000 2,100,000 2,500,000 $436,000,000 Pre-Hispanic City of Teohuacan Mexico 2,200,000 2,000,000 4,200,000 $432,000,000 Machu Picchu Peru 600,000 800,000 1,400,000 $384,000,000 Monte Alban Mexico 1,300,000 1,500,000 2,800,000 $352,000,000 Historic Oaxaca Mexico 1,300,000 1,500,000 2,800,000 $352,000,000 Mitla Mexico 1,300,000 1,500,000 2,800,000 $352,000,000 Abu Simbel Egypt 500,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 $320,000,000 Ancient Thebes Egypt 500,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 $320,000,000 Taj Mahal India 1,200,000 1,200,000 2,400,000 $288,000,000 Petra Jordan 320,000 1,280,000 1,600,000 $268,800,000 Old Havana and its Forficaons Cuba 573,986 1,200,000 1,773,986 $262,959,440 Abu Mena Egypt 300,000 1,200,000 1,500,000 $252,000,000 Pre-Hispanic City of Chichen-Itza Mexico 1,200,000 1,400,000 2,600,000 $248,000,000 Querétaro Mexico 1,200,000 800,000 2,000,000 $224,000,000 Medina of Fez Morocco 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 $220,000,000 Mount Wutai China 2,800,000 502,000 3,302,000 $212,400,000 Red Fort Complex India 1,200,000 800,000 2,000,000 $208,000,000 Medina of Marrakesh Morocco 200,000 900,000 1,100,000 $188,000,000 City of Cuzco Peru 200,000 800,000 1,000,000 $168,000,000 Nemrut Dag Turkey 200,000 800,000 1,000,000 $168,000,000 Ancient City of Damascus Syria 200,000 800,000 1,000,000 $168,000,000 Pharaonic Temples in Upper Egypt Egypt 200,000 800,000 1,000,000 $168,000,000 Divriği Turkey 1,500,000 500,000 2,000,000 $160,000,000 Ciudad de Zaruma Ecuador 500,000 700,000 1,200,000 $160,000,000 Old Town of Lijiang China 2,750,000 250,000 3,000,000 $160,000,000 Kasbah of Algiers Algeria 500,000 630,000 1,130,000 $146,000,000 City of Safranbolu Turkey 1,600,000 400,000 2,000,000 $144,000,000 Ban Chiang Thailand 500,000 600,000 1,100,000 $140,000,000 Amber Fort and Town India 500,000 595,000 1,095,000 $139,000,000 Agra Fort India 500,000 590,722 1,090,722 $138,144,400 Hasankeyf Turkey 400,000 600,000 1,000,000 $136,000,000 An@phellos Turkey 400,000 600,000 1,000,000 $136,000,000 Medina of Tétouan Morocco 400,000 600,000 1,000,000 $136,000,000 Zhouzhuang Ancient Walled City China 1,700,000 300,000 2,000,000 $128,000,000 Dubrovnik Croaa 100,000 620,000 720,000 $128,000,000 My Son Sanctuary Vietnam 166,500 600,000 766,500 $126,660,000 Lahore Fort and Shalamar Gardens Pakistan 1,990,000 210,000 2,200,000 $121,600,000 Borobudur Indonesia 2,468,864 111,136 2,580,000 $120,981,760 Champaner India 2,000,000 200,000 2,200,000 $120,000,000 Kiev Historic Centre Ukraine 500,000 500,000 1,000,000 $120,000,000 Historic Sukhothai Thailand 500,000 500,000 1,000,000 $120,000,000 Fujian Tulous China 2,000,000 164,200 2,164,200 $112,840,000 Total - Top 50 Global Heritage Sites 77,569,350 67,153,058 141,722,408 $17,477,385,600 Other Global Heritage Sites (approx. 450) 44,670,964 28,612,010 73,403,107 $7,268,988,899 Total All Global Heritage Sites (500) 122,240,314 95,765,068 215,125,515 $24,746,374,499 Global Heritage Sites Total Revenues Potential for Developing Countries Oct-10 in US $billions Assumed Growth Rate 6% 8% 10% 12% 2009 $24.80 $24.80 $24.80 $24.80 2010 26.29 26.78 27.28 27.78 2011 27.87 28.93 30.01 31.11 2012 29.54 31.24 33.01 34.84 2013 31.31 33.74 36.31 39.02 2014 33.19 36.44 39.94 43.71 2015 35.18 39.35 43.93 48.95 2016 37.29 42.50 48.33 54.82 2017 39.53 45.90 53.16 61.40 2018 41.90 49.58 58.48 68.77 2019 44.41 53.54 64.32 77.03 2020 47.08 57.82 70.76 86.27 2021 49.90 62.45 77.83 96.62 2022 52.90 67.45 85.62 108.21 2023 56.07 72.84 94.18 121.20 2024 59.43 78.67 103.60 135.74 2025 $63.00 $84.96 $113.96 $152.03 Source: Based on Stanford University Economics Graduate Analysis by Shwetha Shankar et al, 2010. See www.globalheritagefund.org/vanishing to see the enDre site tourism database (500 global heritage sites) with citaons. Note: As we can see from three popular sites with mature growth rates- Machu Picchu, Petra and Angkor (see Growth of Tourism Arrivals 2000–2009), visitaon can double or triple over ten years (8-12 percent growth rate). Global heritage sites that are just coming onto the internaonal and domesDc tourism scene are oRen growing much faster (20-30 percent a year). For example, Chavin de Huantar in Peru, grew from 12,000 to over 100,000 visitors in the same period. Growth of Tourism Arrivals (2000–2009) 2000 2009 % Growth Machu Picchu, Peru 420,000 960,000 128% Petra, Jordan 260,000 892,000 243% Angkor, Cambodi 840,000 2,420,000 188% Source: Ministries of Tourism, GHF EsDmates Potenal $100 Billion Opportunity for Global Heritage for Developing and Emerging Countries DISCUSSION NOTES Source: Tourist figure citaons noted in the 500 Site database were researched by Ms. Shweta Shankar, an Economics MS Grad from Stanford University. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT ESTIMATES of INDIVIDUAL SITE REVENUES MAY BE HIGHER OR LOWER THAN ACTUAL, BUT SPREAD OVER 500 SITES THIS DOES NOT AFFECT THE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS TOO MUCH. Four points: 1. We are going to con.nue to collect visitaon and revenue data for each site to improve accuracy and for our monitoring on GHN and will revise next year for 2010. 2. With current growth rates, many emerging countries and regions around these sites will no longer be developing countries by 2025, ie. will communi.es living around the Great Wall in China s.ll be $3-5 per day PCI in 2025? 3. The $100B by 2025 number is a rough 'back of the napkin' analysis based on key assump.ons for both domes.c and internaonal tourism revenues $$ per visitor per site: 4. Average spend per visitor is $40 per person domes.c and $200 per person internaonal assuming an average stay of 1.4 days. In most sites, local visitaon is underes.mated as only the paid .cket holders are counted- ie. Guatemalans all go free on Sundays at Tikal and there are no .ckets sold or poorer locals will go to a non-monitored part of the Great Wall. So $40 per domes.c visitor could be high if really local, or low for Beijing and Shanghai richer visitors. Same for Taj Mahal India and many other sites. Most cross-checking on revenues show our figures can underes.mate or overes.mate the revenues. For example, Machu Picchu in Peru had a es.maon of $384 million - Machu Picchu (600,000 x $40 domes.c) + (1,800,000 x $200 intl) = $384,000,000 esmate in 2009 $384,000,000 IS THE AMOUNT PERU SAYS THE COUNTRY LOST IN 2 MONTHS OF CLOSURE DUE TO FLOODS IN 2010. SEE BELOW: Machu Picchu Reopens By Meg Weaver, April 1, 2010 NatGeo An es.mated 850,000 tourists visited Machu Picchu in 2008. This year's two-month closing, depending where you get your numbers, likely cost the government between $160 million and $416 million. hdp://www.larepublica.pe/economia/10/02/2010/peru-lanza-campana-quotcusco-ponequot- con-rebajas-en-paquetes-turis.cos Despite the loss in revenue both for the government and the 175,000 local people who make their livings directly from Machu Picchu tourism, the forced closing of the site prompted a reconsideraon of how to preserve the site. In fact, in 2008, UNESCO threatened to demote Machu Picchu to being labeled an endangered site due to disagreements over crowd control at the site and UNESCO's management plan for it, which stated that no more than 917 people should visit the site any given day and no more than 385 should be there at any .me.
Recommended publications
  • Armenia and Georgia 9 Days / 8 Nights

    Armenia and Georgia 9 Days / 8 Nights

    Armenia and Georgia 9 days / 8 nights 2020 Dates 2020: April 10 – April 17 * Easter Holidays May 22 – May 29 June 26 – July 03 July 24 – July 31 August 07 – August 14 August 28 – September 04 October 16 – October 23 Itinerary: Day 1: Departure from your home country Day 2 : Yerevan city tour / Echmiadzin / Zvartnots Arrival early in the morning and transfer to your hotel for some rest. After breakfast meet your tour guide and start city tour around Yerevan. Drive to Echmiadzin – the place where the only Begotten descended. Holy Echmiadzin is the whole Armenians’ spiritual center and one of the centers of Christianity all over the world. They will participate in Sunday liturgy. Return to Yerevan with a stop at the ruins of Zvartnots temple - the pearl of the 7th century architecture, which is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage. Lunchtime. Visit Tsitsernakaberd-walking through Memorial park and visit museum of the victims of Genocide. Visit Cafesjian Show Room. Visit Vernisage flea market, the place to get a little taste of Armenia, to see the fusion between national traditions, art & crafts with contemporary taste. Overnight in Yerevan. (B/--/--) Day 3 : Yerevan / Khor Virap / Noravank /Yerevan Sightseeing tour to Khor-Virap monastery the importance of which is connected with Gregory the Illuminator, who introduced Christianity to Armenia. It is a wonderful masterpiece situated on top of a hill. It is a pilgrimage place where every year a lot of tourists and native people visit. It looks like a castle, where everybody has the hint to sit and dream while admiring the beauty of the church.
  • 12 Days Explore Turkey - Armenia - Georgia Tour

    12 Days Explore Turkey - Armenia - Georgia Tour

    Full Itinerary & Trip Details 12 DAYS EXPLORE TURKEY - ARMENIA - GEORGIA TOUR Istanbul Tour - Bosphorus and Two Continents - Yerevan, Garni - Geghard, Khor Virap - Noravank - Areni - Selim - Sevan - Dilijan - Haghatsin - Alaverdi - Haghpat - Sanahin - Sadakhlo border - Tbilisi - Mtskheta - Gudauri - Kutaissi - Kutaisi and Gori PRICE STARTING FROM DURATION TOUR ID € 0 € 0 12 days 932 ITINERARY Day 1 : Istanbul - Arrival Day Meet at the Istanbul international Ataturk airport and transfer to your hotel. You will be given your room key and the rest of the day is yours to explore Istanbul. Overnight in Istanbul. Day 2 : Istanbul Tour Breakfast Included Guided Istanbul walking old city tour visiting Topkapi Palace (closed on tuesdays) Hippodrome, Blue Mosque, Aya Sophia Museum (closed on mondays), Underground Cistern, Covered Grand Bazaar (closed on sundays). Overnight in Istanbul. Day 3 : Bosphorus and Two Continents Breakfast Included Pick up at 08:30 from the hotel for the tour of Bosphorus and the Asian part of Istanbul. During the tour we will enjoy a Bosphorus Cruise, having lunch and visiting the Dolmabahce Palace, Bosphorus Bridge, Asian side.Overnight in Istanbul Day 4 : Istanbul - Yerevan - Armenia Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner Included After breakfast check out from the hotel and depart for Istanbul Ataturk International airport. Arrive to Yerevan and you will be transferred from airport to your hotel by one of official guide of Murti’s tour. Check into the hotel where your accommodation has been reserved for the night. You will be given your room key and the rest of the day is yours to enjoy party and explore to Yerevan. Day 5 : Garni - Geghard Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner Included After breakfast you will depart for a guided city tour Garni and Geghard.
  • Spectacular South America

    Spectacular South America

    Neptune Tours & Travels Pvt. Ltd. Arihant Benchmark, 113/F, Matheswartolla Road Near Topsia Crossing, Axis Bank Building, 3rd Floor Kolkata - 700046, West Bengal, India Tel: +91 33 4022 9591; Email : [email protected] Spectacular South America Day 1:Arrive at Lima: Upon arrival at Rio airport, complete customs and immigration formalities. Meet and greet by our local representative, and transfer to your hotel for check in. Since its foundation on the 18th of January 1535 by the conqueror of Peru, Francisco Pizarro, Lima, or the "City of Kings" (the name was given to the city because of the proximity of the date of its foundation to January the 6th, the day of the three kings) has been the capital of Peru. Its magnificent colonial architecture led UNESCO to declare the Historic Centre of Lima a World Heritage Site. 1 / 5 Overnight at hotel. Day 2:Lima: Breakfast at the hotel. Today, you will be taken on a Lima City Tour. This tour includes points of interest such as the Main Square (Plaza Mayor) founded in 1535 by Francisco Pizarro, conqueror of Perú, Government Palace, City Hall, the Cathedral, San Francisco Convent, built in the 17th century, and its “Catacombs” ancient underground cemetery of Lima, and finally the House of El Oidor. During the tour, you will see other colonial architectural jewels, such as Torre Tagle Palace, a beautiful mansion dating back to the 18th century and the Osambela House. The tour continues to the new residential and commercial areas of San Isidro and Miraflores. Overnight at hotel. Day 3:Lima-Cuzco : Breakfast at the hotel.
  • Post-Conference Event 5 Days Tour – 790 EUR Per Person (April 28-May 2, 2019)

    Post-Conference Event 5 Days Tour – 790 EUR Per Person (April 28-May 2, 2019)

    Post-Conference Event 5 Days tour – 790 EUR per person (April 28-May 2, 2019) Day1: Yerevan, Geghard, Garni, Sevan, Dilijan, Dzoraget ✓ Breakfast at the hotel • Geghard Geghard Monastery is 40km south-east from Yerevan. Geghard Monastery carved out of a huge monolithic rock. Geghard is an incredible ancient Armenian monastery, partly carved out of a mountain. It is said that the Holy Lance that pierced the body of Christ was kept here. The architectural forms and the decoration of Geghard’s rock premises show that Armenian builders could not only create superb works of architecture out of stone, but also hew them in solid rock. It is included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. • Garni From Geghard it is 11km to Garni Temple. Garni Pagan Temple, the only Hellenistic temple in the Caucasus. Gracing the hillside the temple was dedicated to the God of Sun, Mithra and comprises also royal palace ruins, Roman Baths with a well preserved mosaic. Lunch in Garni also Master class of traditional Armenian bread “lavash” being baked in tonir (ground oven). The preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in Armeniahas been inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. • Sevan Visit to Sevan Lake which is 80 km from Garni temple. Sevan Lake is the largest lake in Armenia and the Caucasus region. With an altitude of 1,900 meters above sea level, it’s one of the highest lakes in the world. The name Sevan is of Urartian origin, and is derived of Siuna, meaning county of lakes.
  • Världsarvslistan

    Världsarvslistan

    http://wimnell.com/omr91b.pdf • Tipasa • Kasbah of Algiers Världsarvslistan Andorra http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/ • Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley Argentina The World Heritage List includes 936 properties forming part of the • Los Glaciares # cultural and natural heritage which the World Heritage Committee • Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, considers as having outstanding universal value. Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) * These include 725 cultural , 183 natural and 28 mixed properties in • Iguazu National Park 153 States Parties. As of November 2011, 188 States Parties have • Cueva de las Manos, Río Pinturas ratified the World Heritage Convention. • Península Valdés • Ischigualasto / Talampaya Natural Parks Afghanistan • Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba • Quebrada de Humahuaca • Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam Armenia • Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley • Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin Albania • Cathedral and Churches of Echmiatsin and the Archaeological Site of Zvartnots • Butrint • Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley • Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra Australia Algeria • Great Barrier Reef • Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad • Kakadu National Park • Djémila • Willandra Lakes Region • M'Zab Valley • Lord Howe Island Group • Tassili n'Ajjer # • Tasmanian Wilderness • Timgad • Gondwana Rainforests of Australia 1 • Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park 2 • Qal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour
  • Armenia & Georgia Short Break Tour

    Armenia & Georgia Short Break Tour

    Armenia & Georgia Short Break Tour Key information Duration: 7 days / 6 nights Best season: Year round Tour type: Small group / individual (starting from 2 persons) What’s included: Airport transfers, transfer from border Armenia-Georgia border, accommodation in hotels 6 nights (double rooms), breakfast, all transfers in air-conditioned vehicles, English speaking guide’s service for all days, all admission fees, wine tasting, 1 bottle of water per day (0.5lt.) What’s not included: Flights, visa fee, medical insurance Itinerary in brief Day 1 - Arrival - Free day Day 2 - Yеrevan City Tour - Echmiadzin Day 3 - Garni - Geghard - Sevan - Dilijan Day 4 - Haghartsin - Goshavank - Armenia-Georgia border - Tbilisi Day 5 - Tbilisi City Tour - Mtskheta Day 6 - Sighnaghi - Bodbe - Khareba Day 7 - Departure Detailed itinerary Day 1 After arrival at the airport, you will be transferred to the hotel in Yerevan and checked in. You will have free time for leisure and for discovering Yerevan yourself. Overnight: Hotel in Yerevan Day 2 Your exciting trip will start from the city tour in the ancient capital of Armenia – Yerevan. Yerevan Birth Certificate is held in the history museum. It is a cuneiform inscription of Urartian King Argishti, which lets scientists tell the exact time of foundation and prove that Yerevan was built in 782 B.C. During the city tour, you will visit “Matenadaran”, which houses over 17,000 ancient and medieval manuscripts, making it the significant bearer of one of the largest collections in the world. After "Matenadaran", the tour will continue to the Holy See of Echmiadzin, the religious center of all Armenians around the world and the residence of Catholicos, Supreme Patriarch of the Armenian Apostolic Church is in Echmiadzin.
  • Armenia, Republic of | Grove

    Armenia, Republic of | Grove

    Grove Art Online Armenia, Republic of [Hayasdan; Hayq; anc. Pers. Armina] Lucy Der Manuelian, Armen Zarian, Vrej Nersessian, Nonna S. Stepanyan, Murray L. Eiland and Dickran Kouymjian https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T004089 Published online: 2003 updated bibliography, 26 May 2010 Country in the southern part of the Transcaucasian region; its capital is Erevan. Present-day Armenia is bounded by Georgia to the north, Iran to the south-east, Azerbaijan to the east and Turkey to the west. From 1920 to 1991 Armenia was a Soviet Socialist Republic within the USSR, but historically its land encompassed a much greater area including parts of all present-day bordering countries (see fig.). At its greatest extent it occupied the plateau covering most of what is now central and eastern Turkey (c. 300,000 sq. km) bounded on the north by the Pontic Range and on the south by the Taurus and Kurdistan mountains. During the 11th century another Armenian state was formed to the west of Historic Armenia on the Cilician plain in south-east Asia Minor, bounded by the Taurus Mountains on the west and the Amanus (Nur) Mountains on the east. Its strategic location between East and West made Historic or Greater Armenia an important country to control, and for centuries it was a battlefield in the struggle for power between surrounding empires. Periods of domination and division have alternated with centuries of independence, during which the country was divided into one or more kingdoms. Page 1 of 47 PRINTED FROM Oxford Art Online. © Oxford University Press, 2019.
  • Georgia-Armenia 11Days € 1501

    Georgia-Armenia 11Days € 1501

    GEORGIA-ARMENIA 11 DAYS Small group tour to Georgia and Armenia BOOK 6 MONTHS IN ADVANCE SAVE 10% € 1501 Starts from Tbilisi every second Saturday The route is open from April to October. Choose the date and join the group in Tbilisi. 11-day combined tour with guaranteed dates to two countries – Georgia and Armenia – takes off in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia. During these 11 days, participants of this tour will be able to visit different cities and towns of Armenia and Georgia, and get acquainted with people, history and culture of the two countries. Group will be guided by the local experts in each country who will introduce the most important and interesting historical and cultural monuments of Georgia and Armenia to them. The group is “Guaranteed to run” after 2 people book this tour. MAIN HIGHLIGHTS & SITES: GEORGIA Samtskhe region • Borjomi Spa-Resort Tbilisi CITY • Borjomi-Kharagauli NP • Holy Trinity Cathdral • Akhaltsikhe Town • Narikala fortress & Mosque • Rabat Castle 14-18th cc • Legvtakhevi waterfall • Vardzia Caves 12th c • Sulfur bathhouse district • Sharden & King Erekle II street ARMENIA • Sioni & Anchiskhati basilica • Gyumri town Kartli province • Echmiadzin • Gori J. Stalin Museum • Zvartnoc • Uplistsikhe caves; • Yerevan city Mtskheta CITY • Matenadaran museum • History museum • Svetitskhoveli of 12th c • Geghard Monastery • Jvari Monastery of 6th c • Garni Pagan Temple KHEVI province • Khor Virap Monastery • Ananuri Castle 16-17th c • Armenian Wine Village Areni • Gudauri Ski-Resort 2196m • Noravank monastery • Stephantsminda Town, Kazbegi • Lake Sevan • Gergeti Holy Trinity Church 14th c • Dilijan town & Sharamberyan Str • Sanahin Monastery • Haghpat Monastery DAY TO DAY ITINERARY 1 DAY Tbilisi City Tour will visit one of the tallest Orthodox church in the world 11-day Georgia-Armenia tour takes off in Tbilisi.
  • Div. XII/Comm. 46/PG International Schools for Young Astronomers – ISYA the 32Nd ISYA, at Byurakan Observatory, Armenia, 12 Sept

    Div. XII/Comm. 46/PG International Schools for Young Astronomers – ISYA the 32Nd ISYA, at Byurakan Observatory, Armenia, 12 Sept

    Div. XII/Comm. 46/PG International Schools for Young Astronomers – ISYA The 32nd ISYA, at Byurakan Observatory, Armenia, 12 Sept. - 3 Oct. 2010 Excerpt from a report by Jean-Pierre De Greve, Chairman PG ISYA Introduction The 32nd ISYA 2010, held at Byurakan Observatory, Armenia, was characterized by a very large number of applicants (more than 100) from a large number of countries from the region. Because of the close connections between the observatory and research groups in France and Germany and the fact that for students of those countries grants were available outside the ISYA funding, it was decided also to accept a few students from these countries in order to enlarge the international character of the student body. The following organisations sponsored the ISYA programme: Armenian Astronomical Society (ArAS), Armenian National Academy of Sciences (NAS RA), Armenian State Committee for Science (SCS), Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO), German Academic Exchange Service (Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, DAAD), International Astronomical Union (IAU), Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (NASL), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The IAU allocated funds provided by the NASL to cover the travel expenses of the participants (visa, insurance, and air fare, local transport, and cultural trips). BAO, ArAS, NAS RA, SCS, and UNESCO provided accommodation for students at the observatory hotel and for lecturers in Yerevan hotels, meals and coffee breaks during the school, as well as other expenses (social events, participants’ kits, administration expenses). DAAD provided travel grants for three German students. Location The Byurakan Observatory is one of the main observational centers of the former Soviet Union and an important observatory with modern facilities in the Middle East region.
  • Romano-Byzantine Baths of Egypt, the Birth and Spread of a Little-Known Regional Model Thibaud Fournet, Bérangère Redon

    Romano-Byzantine Baths of Egypt, the Birth and Spread of a Little-Known Regional Model Thibaud Fournet, Bérangère Redon

    Romano-Byzantine baths of Egypt, the birth and spread of a little-known regional model Thibaud Fournet, Bérangère Redon To cite this version: Thibaud Fournet, Bérangère Redon. Romano-Byzantine baths of Egypt, the birth and spread of a little-known regional model. Bérangère Redon. Collective baths in Egypt 2. New discoveries and perspectives, Presses de l’IFAO, pp.279-322, 2017, 9782724706963. hal-01758079 HAL Id: hal-01758079 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01758079 Submitted on 7 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Collective Baths in Egypt 2 25New siècles Discoveries de bainand Perspectives collectif en Orient Proche-Orient, Égypte et péninsule Arabique T H E R M A E Edited by AuteurBérangère Redon Specimen Institut français d’archéologie orientale Études urbaines 10 – 2017 Dans la même collection : Marie-Françoise Boussac, Sylvie Denoix, Thibaud Fournet et Bérangère Redon (éds.), 25 siècles de bain collectif en Orient. Proche-Orient, Égypte et péninsule Arabique, 2014. Julien Loiseau, Reconstruire la Maison du sultan (2 vol.), 2010. Marie-Françoise Boussac, Thibaud Fournet et Bérangère Redon, Le bain collectif en Égypte, 2009. István Ormos, Max Herz Pasha, (2 vol.), 2009.
  • INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE of the RED CROSS Advisory Service

    INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE of the RED CROSS Advisory Service

    INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Advisory Service on International Humanitarian Law PARTICIPATION IN RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW TREATIES AND THEIR NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION Achievements and activities in the countries of the Americas in 2003 Document prepared by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) for the information of the Member States of the Organization of American States March 2004 Advisory Service, Unit for Latin America _____________________________________________________________________________________________ The mission of the ICRC The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is an impartial, neutral and independent organization whose exclusively humanitarian mission is to protect the lives and dignity of victims of war and internal violence and to provide them with assistance. It directs and coordinates the international relief activities conducted by the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement in situations of conflict. It also endeavours to prevent suffering by promoting and strengthening humanitarian law and universal humanitarian principles. Established in 1863, the ICRC is at the origin of the Movement. Legal bases The work of the ICRC is based on the Geneva Conventions of 1949 for the protection of war victims and the Additional Protocols of 1977, the Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the resolutions of International Conferences of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. At the prompting of the ICRC, governments adopted the initial Geneva Convention in 1864. In the years since, the ICRC, with the support of the entire Movement, has put constant pressure on governments to adapt international humanitarian law to changing circumstances, particularly developments in means and methods of warfare, with a view to providing more effective protection and assistance for the victims of armed conflict.
  • Peace in Palestine Via the World Heritage Convention

    Peace in Palestine Via the World Heritage Convention

    . Michael K. Madison II. Peace in Palestine ..........through World Heritage Promoting Peace via Global Conventions - 1 - Peace in Palestine via the World Heritage Convention Promoting Peace via Global Conventions The Global Problem "Throughout history, religious differences have divided men and women from their neighbors and have served as justification for some of humankind's bloodiest conflicts. In the modern world, it has become clear that people of all religions must bridge these differences and work together, to ensure our survival and realize the vision of peace that all faiths share." -- H.R.H. Prince El-Hassan bin Talal, Jordan Moderator, WCRP Governing Board Tolerance, Economic Growth and Fear Global peace and harmony is not possible without religious tolerance. Unfortunately, there is no instant microwavable solution. We can’t just add water and/or milk to the current situation and hope that the world will ameliorate itself overnight. No. The world needs help. The problem is not the outliers; it is larger groups of people that need to change. Outliers will always be present. The world needs religious-minded policymakers to take giant steps that lead to peace, but in a mutually beneficial way. Indeed, peace for peace’s sake is not always enough incentive to all parties involved. Therefore, if the conflict cannot be resolved by tolerance, then let it be resolved by greed as we find a way to help the countries involved to achieve a better economic position. If the conflict cannot be resolved by boosting the corresponding economies, then let it be resolved by fear as we convince the nations involved that one false move means it will be - 2 - their country against the rest of the world and not just their “enemy of the day”.