Agreement and Verb Movement
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Dative (First) Complements in Basque
Dative (first) complements in Basque BEATRIZ FERNÁNDEZ JON ORTIZ DE URBINA Abstract This article examines dative complements of unergative verbs in Basque, i.e., dative arguments of morphologically “transitive” verbs, which, unlike ditransitives, do not co-occur with a canonical object complement. We will claim that such arguments fall under two different types, each of which involves a different type of non-structural licensing of the dative case. The presence of two different types of dative case in these constructions is correlated with the two different types of complement case alternations which many of these predicates exhibit, so that alternation patterns will provide us with clues to identify different sources for the dative marking. In particular, we will examine datives alternating with absolutives (i.e., with the regular object structural case in an ergative language) and datives alternating with postpositional phrases. We will first examine an approach to the former which relies on current proposals that identify a low applicative head as case licenser. Such approach, while accounting for the dative case, raises a number of issues with respect to the absolutive variant. As for datives alternating with postpositional phrases, we claim that they are lexically licensed by the lower verbal head V. Keywords Dative, conflation, lexical case, inherent case, case alternations 1. Preliminaries: bivalent unergatives Bivalent unergatives, i.e., unergatives with a dative complement, have remained largely ignored in traditional Basque studies, perhaps due to the Journal of Portuguese Linguistics, 11-1 (2012), 83-98 ISSN 1645-4537 84 Beatriz Fernández & Jon Ortiz de Urbina identity of their morphological patterns of case marking and agreement with those of ditransitive configurations. -
Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present (Impact: Studies in Language and Society)
<DOCINFO AUTHOR ""TITLE "Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present"SUBJECT "Impact 18"KEYWORDS ""SIZE HEIGHT "220"WIDTH "150"VOFFSET "4"> Germanic Standardizations Impact: Studies in language and society impact publishes monographs, collective volumes, and text books on topics in sociolinguistics. The scope of the series is broad, with special emphasis on areas such as language planning and language policies; language conflict and language death; language standards and language change; dialectology; diglossia; discourse studies; language and social identity (gender, ethnicity, class, ideology); and history and methods of sociolinguistics. General Editor Associate Editor Annick De Houwer Elizabeth Lanza University of Antwerp University of Oslo Advisory Board Ulrich Ammon William Labov Gerhard Mercator University University of Pennsylvania Jan Blommaert Joseph Lo Bianco Ghent University The Australian National University Paul Drew Peter Nelde University of York Catholic University Brussels Anna Escobar Dennis Preston University of Illinois at Urbana Michigan State University Guus Extra Jeanine Treffers-Daller Tilburg University University of the West of England Margarita Hidalgo Vic Webb San Diego State University University of Pretoria Richard A. Hudson University College London Volume 18 Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present Edited by Ana Deumert and Wim Vandenbussche Germanic Standardizations Past to Present Edited by Ana Deumert Monash University Wim Vandenbussche Vrije Universiteit Brussel/FWO-Vlaanderen John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements 8 of American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Germanic standardizations : past to present / edited by Ana Deumert, Wim Vandenbussche. -
Comparing the Basque Diaspora
COMPARING THE BASQUE DIASPORA: Ethnonationalism, transnationalism and identity maintenance in Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Peru, the United States of America, and Uruguay by Gloria Pilar Totoricagiiena Thesis submitted in partial requirement for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The London School of Economics and Political Science University of London 2000 1 UMI Number: U145019 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U145019 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Theses, F 7877 7S/^S| Acknowledgments I would like to gratefully acknowledge the supervision of Professor Brendan O’Leary, whose expertise in ethnonationalism attracted me to the LSE and whose careful comments guided me through the writing of this thesis; advising by Dr. Erik Ringmar at the LSE, and my indebtedness to mentor, Professor Gregory A. Raymond, specialist in international relations and conflict resolution at Boise State University, and his nearly twenty years of inspiration and faith in my academic abilities. Fellowships from the American Association of University Women, Euskal Fundazioa, and Eusko Jaurlaritza contributed to the financial requirements of this international travel. -
Sentence Negation in Basque
".' ; Sentence negation in Basque ITZIAR LAKA (M.I.T.) This paper presents an analysis of sentence negation in Basque!. Basque negative sentences show a differentpattern from non-negative ones with respect to the placement of the inflected verb. This particular pattern displays an interesting asymmetry depending on the clause type. The phenomena are explained in terms of head movement. The negative particle ez 'not' is analyzed as a head, in the spirit of Pollock (1989). This head takes IP as its complement and projects a Neg Phrase. At S-struc ture, INFL adjoins to negation; the fact that negation is initial unlike the rest of the heads in Basque creates the 'dislocated' pattern of matrix sentence negation. In embedded clauses, the complex [NEGATION/INFL] adjoins to CaMP, which is final. This latter movement is the source of the asymmetry between matrix and embedded sentence negation. The paper also explores grammatical constraints on sentence negation in natural languages. It is argued that Negative Polarity ltems(NPI) are licensed by negation under c-command at S-structure, and that sentence negation must be c-commanded by Tense also at S-structure. The first condition is shown to account for NPI licensing by negation in Basque and English. The second condition which is named the Tense C-command Condition (TCC) is proposed based mainly on evidence from Basque. Some cross-lin guistic evidence is shown to support the hypothesis as universal. The paper is organized as follows: The first section presents some general properties of Basque grammar relevant for the analysis. The second section describes the phenomena induced by negation both in matrix and embedded clauses. -
Dative Overmarking in Basque: Evidence of Spanish-Basque Convergence
Dative Overmarking in Basque: Evidence of Spanish-Basque Convergence Jennifer Austin University of New Jersey, Rutgers. [email protected] Abstract This paper investigates a recent change in the grammar of spoken Basque which results in the substitution of dative case and agreement for absolutive case and agreement in marking animate, specific direct objects. I argue that this pattern of use is due to convergence between the feature matrix of the functional category AGR in Spanish and Basque. In contrast to previous studies which point to interface areas as the locus of syntactic convergence, I argue that this is a change affecting the core grammar of Basque. Furthermore, I suggest that the appearance of this case marking pattern in spoken Basque is probably attributable to recent changes in the demographics of Basque speakers and that its use is related to the degree of proficiency in each language of adult bilingual speakers. Laburpena Lan honetan euskara mintzatuaren gramatikan gertatu berri den aldaketa bat ikertzen da, hain zuzen ere, kasu datiboa eta aditz komunztaduraren ordezkapena kasu absolutiboa eta aditz komunztaduraren ordez objektu zuzenak --animatuak eta zehatzak—markatzen direnean. Nire iritziz, erabilera hori gazteleraz eta euskaraz dagoen AGR delako kategori funtzionalaren ezaugarri taulen bateratzeari zor zaio. Aurreko ikerketa batzuetan hizkuntza arteko ukipen eremuak bateratze sintaktikoaren gunetzat jotzen badira ere, nire iritziz aldaketa horrek euskararen gramatika oinarrizkoari eragiten dio. Areago, esango nuke kasu marka erabilera hori, ziurrenik, euskal hiztunen artean gertatu berri diren aldaketa demografikoen ondorioz agertzen dela euskara mintzatuan eta hiztun elebidun helduek hizkuntza bakoitzean daukaten gaitasun mailari lotuta dagoela. Keywods: Bilingualism, syntactic convergence, language contact. -
Thesis FINAL DRAFT
Breaking up is hard to do: Teasing apart morphological complexity in Iwaidja and Maung A thesis submitted by Amos Teo Under the supervision of Professor Nick Evans i This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in the Department of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics of the University of Melbourne. Work presented herein is the original work of the author, unless otherwise acknowledged. Amos Teo November 2007 ii Acknowledgements My deepest gratitude goes to Nick Evans who agreed to take on the role of supervisor in late March of 2007, when I had neither a supervisor nor a thesis topic (due to certain unforeseen complications). It is thanks to his tremendous encouragement and his knowledge and passion for linguistics that I have started to consider a future in this field of study. I am grateful to the department for its support and for the opportunity to present my initial findings at a lunchtime seminar I gave in August of this year. I thank the people who attended and offered comments on my analyses. I also thank Bruce Birch for his quick replies to all my emails and for his insightful observations and comments. I would also like to mention all the friends and classmates who have made the past year special. Special mention goes to Aung Si for taking the time to read through this thesis and for attending my lunchtime seminar. I thank all my classmates, especially Sara Ciesielski, Thomas Mendelovits, Annie Unger and Stephanie Campisi for their sympathy and support. -
Looking for Parametric Correlations Within Faroese Höskuldur Thráinsson University of Iceland
Looking for parametric correlations within Faroese Höskuldur Thráinsson University of Iceland Abstract: This paper first reviews some parameters that have been suggested to account for variation within Scandinavian, focussing for concreteness on the parameters proposed by Holmberg and Platzack (1995) and Bobaljik and Thráinsson (1998). As this review shows, Faroese is not as well behaved as the parametric approach to Scandinavian syntax would lead us to expect. In addition, the variation found within Faroese syntax is often gradient and not as categorical as the conventional parametric approach to variation would predict. Yet it can be shown that some of the correlations predicted by Holmberg and Platzack’s (1995) Agr Parameter and Bobaljik and Thráinsson’s (1998) Split IP Parameter are found in Faroese syntax and they are turn out to be statistically significant. In the final section it is argued that to account for facts of this sort we need to revise our ideas about parametric variation, language acquisition and the nature of internalized grammars — and that this will be necessary regardless of what we think of the particular formulation of parameters assumed by Holmberg and Platzack on the one hand and Bobaljik and Thráinsson on the other. 1. Parametric variation in Scandinavian syntax1 1.1. The agreement parameter and the case parameter In their comparative work on Scandinavian around 1990, which culminated in their influential book On the Role of Inflection in Scandinavian Syntax (1995), Holmberg and Platzack (henceforth H&P or P&H, depending on the order of authors in the relevant publications) divide the Scandinavian languages into two main groups, i.e. -
In-Text References
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The expression of modifiers and arguments in the noun phrase and beyond A typological study van Rijn, M.A. Publication date 2017 Document Version Other version License Other Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): van Rijn, M. A. (2017). The expression of modifiers and arguments in the noun phrase and beyond: A typological study. LOT. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:29 Sep 2021 177 In-text references Abbott, Miriam. 1991. Macushi. In Desmond C. Derbyshire & Geoffrey K. Pullum (eds.), Handbook of Amazonian languages, vol. 3, 23–160. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 1995. Person marking and discourse in North Arawak languages. Studia Linguistica 49(2). -
Berkeley Linguistics Society
PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BERKELEY LINGUISTICS SOCIETY February 10-12, 2006 GENERAL SESSION and PARASESSION on THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO ARGUMENT STRUCTURE Edited by Zhenya Antić Michael J. Houser Charles B. Chang Clare S. Sandy Emily Cibelli Maziar Toosarvandani Jisup Hong Yao Yao Berkeley Linguistics Society Berkeley, CA, USA Berkeley Linguistics Society University of California, Berkeley Department of Linguistics 1203 Dwinelle Hall Berkeley, CA 94720-2650 USA All papers copyright © 2012 by the Berkeley Linguistics Society, Inc. All rights reserved. ISSN 0363-2946 LCCN 76-640143 Printed by Sheridan Books 100 N. Staebler Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS A note regarding the contents of this volume ........................................................ vi Foreword ............................................................................................................... vii GENERAL SESSION Verb Second, Subject Clitics, and Impersonals in Surmiran (Rumantsch) .............3 STEPHEN R. ANDERSON Cross-linguistic Variation in a Processing Account: The Case of Multiple Wh-questions ..........................................................................................................23 INBAL ARNON, NEIL SNIDER, PHILIP HOFMEISTER, T. FLORIAN JAEGER, and IVAN A. SAG Several Problems for Predicate Decompositions ...................................................37 JOHN BEAVERS and ITAMAR FRANCEZ Wh-Conditionals in Vietnamese and Chinese: Against Unselective Binding .......49 BENJAMIN BRUENING -
Indo-European Linguistics: an Introduction Indo-European Linguistics an Introduction
This page intentionally left blank Indo-European Linguistics The Indo-European language family comprises several hun- dred languages and dialects, including most of those spoken in Europe, and south, south-west and central Asia. Spoken by an estimated 3 billion people, it has the largest number of native speakers in the world today. This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the study of the Indo-European proto-language. It clearly sets out the methods for relating the languages to one another, presents an engaging discussion of the current debates and controversies concerning their clas- sification, and offers sample problems and suggestions for how to solve them. Complete with a comprehensive glossary, almost 100 tables in which language data and examples are clearly laid out, suggestions for further reading, discussion points and a range of exercises, this text will be an essential toolkit for all those studying historical linguistics, language typology and the Indo-European proto-language for the first time. james clackson is Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Classics, University of Cambridge, and is Fellow and Direc- tor of Studies, Jesus College, University of Cambridge. His previous books include The Linguistic Relationship between Armenian and Greek (1994) and Indo-European Word For- mation (co-edited with Birgit Anette Olson, 2004). CAMBRIDGE TEXTBOOKS IN LINGUISTICS General editors: p. austin, j. bresnan, b. comrie, s. crain, w. dressler, c. ewen, r. lass, d. lightfoot, k. rice, i. roberts, s. romaine, n. v. smith Indo-European Linguistics An Introduction In this series: j. allwood, l.-g. anderson and o.¨ dahl Logic in Linguistics d. -
Developing a Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages
Vol. 8 (2014), pp. 345-360 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24612 Developing a Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages Catherine Bow, Michael Christie, Brian Devlin Charles Darwin University The fluctuating fortunes of Northern Territory bilingual education programs in Aus- tralian languages and English have put at risk thousands of books developed for these programs in remote schools. In an effort to preserve such a rich cultural and linguistic heritage, the Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages project is establishing an open access, online repository comprising digital versions of these materials. Using web technologies to store and access the resources makes them accessible to the commu- nities of origin, the wider academic community, and the general public. The process of creating, populating, and implementing such an archive has posed many interesting technical, cultural and linguistic challenges, some of which are explored in this paper. 1. INTRODUCTION. During the era of bilingual education in the Northern Territory (1973 – 2000s), many books were produced at school-based Literature Production Centres in more than 25 languages. These materials, which are both widely dispersed and endan- gered, contain interesting and significant stories in Indigenous Australian languages, many with beautiful illustrations. As a result of policy and other changes, many of the materi- als produced for these programs are no longer in use, and in many places have been lost, damaged or, occasionally, deliberately destroyed. The goal of the Living Archive of Abo- riginal Languages project1 is to create a digital repository of this endangered literature and, with permission from the language authorities (usually original authors and illustrators or their descendants), to make the materials available to community members, researchers, and other interested parties through a searchable, online repository. -
Building Meaning in Navajo
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses March 2016 Building Meaning in Navajo Elizabeth A. Bogal-Allbritten University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the Semantics and Pragmatics Commons Recommended Citation Bogal-Allbritten, Elizabeth A., "Building Meaning in Navajo" (2016). Doctoral Dissertations. 552. https://doi.org/10.7275/7646815.0 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/552 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BUILDING MEANING IN NAVAJO A Dissertation Presented by ELIZABETH BOGAL-ALLBRITTEN Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY February 2016 Linguistics © Copyright by Elizabeth Bogal-Allbritten 2016 All Rights Reserved BUILDING MEANING IN NAVAJO A Dissertation Presented by ELIZABETH BOGAL-ALLBRITTEN Approved as to style and content by: Rajesh Bhatt, Chair Seth Cable, Member Angelika Kratzer, Member Margaret Speas, Member Alejandro Perez-Carballo, Member John Kingston, Head of Department Linguistics DEDICATION To my parents, Rose and Bill. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I thank the members of my committee. I came to the Univer- sity of Massachusetts because of my admiration for the work done by Rajesh Bhatt, Seth Cable, Angelika Kratzer, and Peggy Speas. That admiration has only grown during the dissertation process. I thank my chair, Rajesh Bhatt, who has been a tire- less mentor to me through all stages of my graduate career: from the first workshop, through the job market, and, of course, through the dissertation.