UTME 2010 HISTORY C. legitimate trade 1. The savannah region of Nigeria is D. railway construction. characterized by 7. A major factor that led to the success of the Sokoto jihad was A. sparse vegetation B. high population density A. military assistance from Borno C. abundant resources B. lack of unity among the Hausa states D. large bodies of water. C. the use of fire-arms by the jihadists D. periodic divine interventions. 2. A major economic activity among the Nupe was 8. Which of the following was a part of the Sokoto Caliphate? A. horse breeding B. leather work A. Kukawa. C. canoe-building B. Yauri. D. cattle rearing. C. Biu. D. Lokoja. 3. The main features of the economy of the forest zone of Nigeria in the eighteenth 9. The legendary founder of the Kanuri was century were A. Ali Ghaji A. pastoral farming and fishing B. Idris b. Ali Katagarmabe B. fishing and salt-making C. Idris Alooma C. cotton cultivation and weaving D. Sayf b. dhi Yazan. D. cash crop production and trading. 10. The Queen mother, Magira, played a 4. The spread of Islam between the 11th and prominent role in the government of the 14th centuries in Nigeria was largely due to A. Hausa States B. Kwararafa Kingdom A. Arab missionary activities C. Kanem Borno Empire B. the waging of jihads D. Igala Kingdom. C. trade and commerce D. absence of any religion in the area. 11. The Ekiti Parapo was an alliance against

5. A significant effect of the Christian A. the Muslim incursion into missionary activitiy in Nigeria was the Yorubaland B. the rising power of Ibadan A. introduction of formal education C. Christian missionary presence in B. training of nationalists Yorubaland C. introduction of new crops D. the abolition of the slave trade. D. abolition of the slave trade. 12. The Oyo Empire collapsed as a result of 6. An outstanding reason for the abolition of the trans-Atlantic slave trade was A. internal and external crises B. the revolt of Afonja A. industrial revolution C. the weakening of the army B. nationalist agitation D. British presence in Yorubaland. 1

A. economic expediency 13. The failure of the Ogiso dynasty in Benin B. territorial integration was attributed to C. political balancing D. religious harmony. A. weakness and dependence of the 18. The Nigerian Council established in 1914 rulers was ineffective because it B. peoples’ resentment against the system A. was not designed to be so C. the declining economy of the state B. lacked sufficient funds C. had too many vocal members D. inadequate supply of arms and D. was dominated by hand-picked ammunition. members.

14. The greatest ruler in the history of Benin 19. Two institutions of local government in Kingdom was Nigeria during the colonial period were native courts and A. Oba Ewuare B. Oba Ewedo A. legislative council B. regional treasury C. Oba Ovonramwen C. native treasury D. Oba Ewuakpe. D. native police.

15. Armed resistance to British rule in 20. Certain chiefs in Eastern Nigeria were Northern Nigeria ended with the conquest called warrant chiefs because they of A. had some royal connections A. Kano and Sokoto B. were created by the British B. Bida and Kano C. had warrants to arrest offenders C. Katsina and Kano D. were the first to receive Western education. D. Bauchi and Katsina.

21. In colonial Nigeria, mining industry was 16. The Colony and Protectorate of Lagos was promoted in order to amalgameted with the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria in 1906 to form the A. diversify the economy B. engage the railway system A. Colony and Protectorate of Southern C. make Nigeria self-reliant Nigeria D. maximize exploitation.

B. Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria 22. The colonial government in Nigeria laid C. Protectorate of Southern Nigeria more emphasis on the production of D. Oil Rivers Protectorate. export crops because

17. A reason for the amalgamation of the A. the people already had abundant Northern and Southern protectorates of food in stock Nigeria in 1914 was B. such crops were desperately needed abroad

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C. such crops were more beneficial to D. interferance by foreign powers. the people 28. Which of the following countries did the D. the soil was more suitable for the Murtala/Obasanjo regime assist during production of such crops. their struggle for independence? 23. The Yaba Higher College did not meet the aspirations of the nationalists because A. Guinea Bissau and Namibia. B. Angola and Zimbabwe. A. all its staff were Europeans C. Sierra Leone and Equitorial Guinea. B. it was meant to train assistants to D. The Gambia and Tanzania. Europeans C. only Europeans were qualified for 29. The Second Republic in Nigeria refers to admission the period D. it was affiliated to a polytechnic in Europe. A. General Babangida was Head of State B. between 1979 and 1983 24. The 1922 Clifford Constitution restricted C. General Obasanjo was Head of State the franchise to D. the period between 1960 and 1966.

A. Calabar and Benin B. Lagos and Calabar 30. Which of the following political parties C. Lagos and Warri formed an alliance in the Second D. Warri and Lokoja. Republic?

25. The political parties that formed the A. UPN and NPN. opposition during the First Republic in B. PRP and NPP. Nigeria were the C. NPN and NPP. D. PRP and UPN. A. NCNC and AG B. AG and UMBC 31. The political party that controlled the C. NCNC and NEPU Federal Government during the Second D. UMBC and NEPU. Republic in Nigeria was the

26. The creation of Mid-Western region in A. Great Nigeria Peoples Party 1963 was through B. Nigeria Peoples Party C. Unity Party of Nigeria A. balloting D. National Party of Nigeria. B. referendum C. declaration 32. The main aim of the formation of D. voting. ECOMOG was to

27. The immediate cause of the January 1966 A. foster stability in West Africa coup d’etat was B. solve boundary disputes among member states A. the breakdown of law and order in C. provide security for the whole of the West Africa B. the desire of the military to seize D. tackle the problem of piracy in power African seaways. C. the failure of the 1963 census

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33. A major contribution of Nigeria to C. Tunisia ECOWAS is in the area of D. Algeria. 39. Muhammad Ahmad was easily accepted A. diplomacy as the Mahdi in the Sudan because B. funding C. military support A. the Islamic leaders in the area did D. provision of education. not live up to the expectations of the people 34. Samori Toure is often described as the B. he came at a time the people were “African Napoleon” because he expecting to be delivered from the Egyptian rulers A. was a great military tactician C. the national army was not strong B. learned a great deal from Napoleon enough to defend the country C. employed similar tactics as Napoleon D. he was highly educated in the D. had a well trained army. tenants of the Islamic religion.

35. A major similarity of the 19th century 40. After leaving Oman for East Africa, Sayyid jihads in West Africa was that Said established his headquarters in

A. they were executed at the same time A. Zanzibar B. the participants were of the same B. Pemba origin C. Mombasa C. they had a common objective D. Kilwa. D. they brought unity between the Hausa and the Fulani. 41. In 1887, a plot to depose Kabaka Mwanga was hatched by 36. The greatest contribution of the Christian Missionary Society in West Africa was in A. a Muslim group B. Baganda Christians A. establishing trading companies C. Arab slave merchants B. stopping the slave trade D. Egyptian mercenaries. C. the emergence of educated elite D. the production of cash crop. 42. An Ethiopian monarch that committed suicide in a battle field was 37. Egypt became the centre of international rivalry because of the A. Theodore II B. Menelik A. huge investment in the Suez-canal C. Johannes IV B. rich soil for cotton and sugar D. Haile Selassie. cultivation C. great cities of Cairo and Alexandria 43. The white settlers in Southern Africa were D. strategic importance of the country. known as

38. Muhammad es Sadek was a 19th century A. Bantu ruler of B. Boers C. Bushmen A. Morocco D. Hottentots. B. Libya 44. The Mfecane occured as a result of

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. B. redress the injustices of the A. long standing inter-group rivalry apartheid policy B. inter-group struggles for natural C. make the country the giant of Africa resources C. Ndwandwe’s domination of the Zulu D. make the country a permanent D. Shaka’s inordinate military ambition. member of the UN Security Council

45. The Fashoda incident of 1898 resulted in a 50. The Ogaden war between Ethiopia and rift between Somalia was caused by

A. France and Germany B. Germany and Britain A. disagreement over trade C. France and Italy B. refugee problems D. Britain and France. C. boundary disputes

D. personality clash between their 46. Paternalism was a colonial policy adopted by leaders.

A. Britain 2010 UTME ANSWERS B. Portugal 1. A C. Germany 2. C D. France. 3. B 4. C 47. Where was indirect rule practised before it 5. A was introduced to Africa? 6. A 7. B A. India. 8. B B. Malaysia. 9. D C. Pakistan. 10. C D. Indonesia. 11. B 12. A

13. A 48. The indirect rule system of administration 14. A meant that the colonialists 15. A 16. A A. ruled through native courts 17. A B. barred the educated elite from local 18. D 19. C politics 20. B C. ruled through traditional institutions 21. D D. relied mostly on local interpreters. 22. B 23. B 49. In post-apartheid South Africa, the main 24. B 25. B concern of government is to 26 B A. punish the people who perpetrated 27. A apartheid 28. B 29. B

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30. C C. Oba Oranmiyan 31. D D. Oba Ewuare. 32. A 5. The Olu of Itsekiri was assisted in his 33. B administration by a council of chiefs 34. A called 35. C A. Ogboni 36. C B. Ekpako 37. D C. Ekine 38. C D. Ojoye. 39. B 6. In pre-colonial Nigeria, the Nsibidi form 40. A of writing was found in the 41. A A. Niger-Benue Confluence 43. B B. Cross River Area 44. B C. Niger Delta 45. D D. Anambra River Valley. 46. C 7. The Bayajidda tradition suggests that 47. A A. Hausa ancestors came from 48. C Arabia 49. B B. women exercised political 50. C power in pre-Islamic Hausaland C. the introduction of Islam led to UTME 2002 HISTORY the formation of the Hausa city Type: K states 1. The ethnic groups that occupy the D. The Queen of Daura was the hinterland of the Bight of Benin include first to embrace Islam. the 8. Which of the following rulers of Kano A. Edo, the Yoruba and the promoted Islam to a state religion? Urhobo A. Kanajeji B. Itsekiri, the Igbo and the Idoma B. Rumfa C. Yoruba, the Jukun and the Efik C. Yaji D. Igbo, the Ibibio and the Tiv D. Abdullahi 2. The Nok culture is associated with the 9. The correspondence between Sokoto archaelogical findings at and Borno during the jihad was entered A. Ile-Ife on the B. Benin A. qualification for a true Muslin C. Taruga to perform the hajj D. Igbo Ukwu. B. justification of the jihad against 3. In the pre-colonial period, the Aku of an Islamic state Wukari derived his power mainly from C. declaration of the jihad against A. the strength of his army non-Muslims B. the role as a supplier of slaves D. difference between traditional C. his control of trade routes religion and Islam. D. his spiritual influence in the 10. Which of the following areas did Malam kingdom. Alimi incorporate into the Sokoto 4. The last ruler of the Ogiso dynasty in Caliphate? the Benin Empire was A. Bida A. Oba Eweka B. Ilorin B. Oba Owodo C. Adamawa

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D. Bauchi B. The Royal Niger Company 11. The most powerful states that emerged C. The Church Missionary Society after the fall of the Old Oyo were D. The Roman Catholic Mission. A. Owu and Abeokuta 17. Chief Agho Obaseki is remembered is B. Ijaiye and Ife Benin history because C. Ibadan and Ijaiye A. he collaborated with the British D. New Oyo and Ibadan. to suppress the monarchy 12. The 1886 Treaty is significant in Yoruba B. he was regarded as a true history because it patriot A. brought peace and stability to C. he played an important role in Yorubaland the restoration of the monarchy B. affirmed Ekitiparapo’s D. Oba Aguobasimi delegated a lot independence of powers to him. C. was negotiated by two Yoruba 18. An influential advocate of the repatriates amalgamation of the Northern and D. reopened trade between Lagos Southern Protectorates was and the hinterland. A. E.D. morel 13. Intensified European activity along the B. Otunba Payne coast in the nineteenth century led C. John Beecroft Benin to D. Henry Carr A. redirect her trade to the north 19. The Native Authority Ordinance of 1916 B. lose control of some vassal introduced direct taxation into states Yorubaland and thereby C. expel Christian missionaries A. gave greater administrative and D. embark on a cultural revival in judicial responsibilities to the the area. Oba 14. It was difficult for the Nigerian coastal B. made Yorubaland a beneficiary chiefs to give up the slave trade after its of British aid abolition because C. encouraged the appointment of A. it had been part of African more British officials culture D. involved the educated elite in B. Africans were too involved to colonial administration. give up the trade 20. The colonial officer who was C. the British Navy was not responsible for splitting the Southern effective in enforcing the Province in to Eastern and Western abolition Provinces was D. the trade was still crucial to the A. Bernard Bourdillon economy of their states. B. Graeme Thompson 15. The ruler that was driven out of Lagos C. Hugh Clifford by the British was D. Frederick Lugard. A. Oba Akintoye 21. The 1945 General Strike was led by B. Oba Dosumu A. Herbert Macaulay C. Oba Kosoko B. Michael Imoudu D. Oba Adele. C. Wahab Goodluck 16. Which of the following played the D. Olufunmilayo Ransome-Kuti. greatest role in the British conquest of 22. The objective of the 1934 legislation Nigeria? imposing quotas on imported goods A. The John Holt Company from non-British sources was to

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A. develop Nigerian industries A. party was popular with the B. increase Nigeria’s Gross masses National Product B. United Progressive Grand C. exclude cheap Japanese textiles Alliance boycotted it D. regulate trade between Nigeria C. opposition parties were poorly and other countries. organized 23. The Tin Producers’ Association was D. party represented the formed in 1929 to aspirations of the minority A. increase the production of tin groups. B. alleviate the hardship of miners 29. One enduring legacy of the Gowon C. regulate the supply of tin Regime was the D. introduce modern methods of A. establishment of the National production. Youth Service corps Scheme 24. One major inadequacy of the Richards B. diversification of the Nigerian Constitution was that economy A. it was introduced without due C. institution of probity and public and exhaustive consultations accountability B. the official members of the D. establishment of the Technical legislature were too many Aid Corps Scheme. C. it could not solve Nigeria’s 30. Which of the following served as a economic and social problems commander of the ECOMOG? D. it did not cater for the interest A. Bashir Magashi of the minorities. B. Victor Malu 25. A major recommendation of the Henry C. Ishaya Bamaiyi Willink Commission was the D. Sam Tella. A. protection of special interests 31. Samori Toure adopted the ‘scorched B. creation of more administrative earth’ policy in his units A. military recruitment and C. inclusion of a bill of rights in the training 1960 Constitution B. Islamic reform movement D. need to ensure the educational C. war against the French rights of the people. D. war against rebellious 26. The political party with the most radical neighbours. orientation in the First Republic was the 32. Sierra Leone was very important in the A. NEPU history of West Africa during the B. NPC colonial period as a C. NCNC A. centre for the spread of D. AG. Christianity 27. The Premier of the Eastern Region of B. place for the spread of African Nigeria in 1962 was culture A. Chief Michael Okpara C. centre for the export of African B. Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe goods C. Dr. Akanu Ibiam D. leading producer of cotton. D. Mr. Ukpabi Asika. 33. Mohammed Ali was able to gain 28. The Nigerian National Alliance won the effective control of Egypt 1964 Federal Election by a landslide A. by defeating the Wahabis because the B. by eliminating the Mamluks C. with the support of the Felahin

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D. with the support of the French. 41. The outbreak of the Mfecane is 34. The first Magherebian state to be attributable to detached from the Ottoman Empire by A. the tragic death of Dingiswayo the French was B. Dingiswayo’s attempt to A. Tunisia impose a European model of B. Libya administration C. Morocco C. the search for grazing and D. Algeria. habitable land 35. Under the Qaramanli rulers, the D. the flight of the Swazi economy of Libya depend on northwards. A. agriculture and slave trade 42. The first Boer republic established as a B. piracy and trade result of the Great Trek was C. taxation and tribute A. Transvaal D. war booties and tolls. B. the Cape 36. The French occupation of Morocco in C. the Orange Free State 1912 was formalized by the D. Natal. A. signing of the Treaty of Frez 43. The European power that acquired the B. arrival of French troops largest number of territories in West C. departure of the Germans Africa was D. deposition of the Sultan. A. Britain 37. A major impact of the Omani on East B. Germany Africa was the C. Belgium A. spread of Islam D. France. B. emergence of states 44. The French policy of assimilation failed C. improvement in agriculture primarily because D. introduction of the slave trade. A. Africans lacked the required 38. The prime minister in the kingdom of level of education Buganda was known as B. It was expensive to implement A. Mugema C. it required total rejection of B. Katikiro African culture C. Kabaka D. no African sought to be D. Omuwanika. assimilated. 39. The greatest achievement of Mutesa II 45. The Mau Mau revolt in Kenya had its in Buganda was his origin in the A. ability to resist European A. colonial government’s inability imperialism to provide essential services to B. conquest of large territories the people C. diplomacy in dealing B. imprisonment of Jomo Kenyatta with foreigners by the colonial administration D. management of religious crises. C. occupation of Kikuyu land by 40. The economic reforms of Theodore II of the British Ethiopia involved the D. inherent militancy of the A. encouragement of slave trade Kikuyu. B. improvement of agriculture 46. One of the achievements of the C. reorganization of the National congress of British West Africa fiscal system was the D. revival of external trade. A. introduction of the elective principle

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B. establishment of democracy 3. Option D C. propagation of Christianity 4. Option B D. establishment of newspapers. Oranmiyan, Eweka and Ewuare belong 47. Amilcar Cabral led the liberation to the Oranimyan Dynasty. struggle against Portuguese domination 5. Option D is 6. Option B A. Angola It was found among the Ekoi groups of B. Mozambique the Cross River area. C. Guinea Bissau 7. Option B D. Cape Verde. It indicated that Daura was ruled by a 48. The immediate reaction of the queen who offered to many Bayajidda Commonwealth to the Sharpeville in gratitude for killing the sacred snake massacre was the Sarki that hitherto allowed her subject A. expulsion of South Africa from to draw water from the only well in the the organization town only on Fridays. B. invitation of South Africa to a 8. Option B negotiation 9. Option B C. organization of anti-apartheid Borno had demanded for an conferences explanation from Sokoto why the latter D. declaration of an anti-apartheid should extend the Islamic Jihad to the year. farmer which was another Mushin 49. The leader of the South African Black state. consciousness Movement who died in 10. Option B detention in 1977 was 11. Option C A. Walter Sisulu 12. Option D B. Albert Luthuli The Ekiti parapo war had led to C. Robert Sobukwe frequent interruption of trade between D. Steve Biko. Lagos and the interior leading to loss of 50. The president Transvaal who led the a lot of revenue. Boers against the Britist was 13. Option B A. J. Smuts 14. Option D B. P. Kruger The trade was very lucrative as C. L. Jameson participants made enormous revenue D. L. Botha. from it and were not ready to abandon it for any other type of trade the value History 2002 solutions of which they had not yet known. 1. Option A 15. Option A The Edo, the Yoruba and the Urbobo Akintoye was favoured because of his are located in the hinterland of the agreement with the British to abolish Bight of Biafra while the Idoma, jukeun slave trade in his domain; Dosumu and Tiv can be found in the Middle Belt succeeded Akintoye; Adele was a Zone. predecessor of the other three. 2. Option C 16. Option B Such findings at Ile-Ife, Benin and Igbo The Royal Niger Company was charted Ukwu are associated with the artistic to administer the British territories culture of their respective names which around the River Niger, so it employed are regarded as off-shoot of theose of the services of Captain Lord Lugard to Nok. establish its authority over the area.

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17. Option A regime was one of the most corrupt in 18. Option A Nigeria’s political history; the Technical Morel had argued for a strong central Aid Corps was established under the legislature but recognized the need for Military Administration of Olusegun local autonomy. Obasanjo. 19. Option A 30. Option B 20. Option A 31. Option C The splitting of the southern Province 32. Option A into East and West was done on April The captured slaves that were resettled 1st, 1939 during the tenure of Boudillon there were converted to Christianity was Governor (1935-43); Thompson which later had a profound effect on was governor from 1925-31, Clifford the local people. from 1919-1925 and Lugard 1914-19. 33. Option C 21. Option B 34. Option D Goodluck was a trade union leader in After Algeria, Turkish rule spread to the 1970’s Macaulay a nationalist in the Tunisia and later Libya, Morocco never colonial days while Funmilayo came under Turkish rule. Ransome-Kuti was a woman detorist. 35. Option B 22. Option C 36. 23. Option C 37. Option A Unrestricted production of the mineral Islam had an all-pervading impact on would lead to the fall in pricest. the entire East African region. 24. Option A 38. Option B 25. Option C 39. Option C 26. Option A 40. Option C The party championed the interest of Theodore II introduced many reforms the local populace - the talakawas i.e. it that led to a steady increase in the sought to change the status – quo, a revenue accruing to Ethiopia. move which made the tradition rulers 41. Option C to distance themselves from the party. Tribes defeated in battle fled and as 27. Option A they came across new bands of people Dr. Nnamdi Azikwe had relinguished his attacked them and those that were position as Premier in 1959 and later victorious took the cattle and land of became the first indigenous Governor- such conquered people. General at independence; he was 42. Option D succeeded by Dr. Okpara Akanu Ibiam 43. Option D was the Regional Governor while Britain acquired only four territories, Ukpabi Asika was the Administrator of Germany two, Belgium none and France the East Central state under Gowon nine. between 1967 and 1975. 44. Option C 28. Option B African culture hand become part and UPGA boycotted the election because parcel of the black man’s life; he found there were perceived irregularities even it difficult to totally abandon such a in the pre-election preparations e.g. culture which he had been used to over filing of nomination papers. many years to embrace a totally 29. Option A different one. Nigeria’s economy in the region rested 45. Option C almost entirely on petroleum; the

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46. Option A D. Borno. The Hugh Clifford constitution 5. Islam was introduced in Kano during the introduced the elective principle which reign of allowed three members of the A. Sarkin Kano Ibrahim Dabo Legislative Council in Nigeria to be B. Sarkin Kano Kanajeji elected from Lagos and one in Calabar. C. Sarkin Kano Muhammadu 47. Option C Rumfa Angola was led by Agostinho neto and D. Sarkin Kano Yaji. Mozambique by Samora Machel and 6. A major cause of depopulation in Cape Verde by Aristides Pereira. Nigeria in the 18th century was 48. Option A A. the trans-Atlantic slave trade 49. Option D B. the trans-Saharan trade Luthuli was the leader of the ANC, C. human sacrifice Walter Sisulu was a prominent member D. inter-ethnic warfare. of the ANC who was arrested and jailed 7. The Sokoto Jihad was for organizing passive resistance to A. the first Islamic movement in apartheid laws before being released West Africa along with Nelson Mandela in 1990. B. an attempt to establish Fulani Biko was a South African student leader dominance who was tortured to death in prison for C. the last of the 19th century his opposition to apartheid policies. Jihads 50. Option B. D. the origin of the other Jihads in West Africa. 8. The women who wielded political UTME 2008 HISTORY influence in Borno were 1. In the Ekine society of the Niger Delta, A. Magara, Magira and Gumsu promotion was based on B. Gumsu, Daurama and Magira A. artistic ability C. Turunku, Magara and Gumsu B. the number of slaves possessed D. Daurama, Turunku and C. respect for age Kaugama. D. personal conduct. 9. Which of the following pionnered 2. Which of the following groups belongs Christian missionary activities in to the Jos Plateau? Calabar? A. Gbagyi and Nupe A. Mary Slessor B. Idoma and Igede B. William Baike C. Berom and Angas C. Thomas Freeman D. Jukun and Tiv. D. Hope Waddell. 3. The emergence of states in Hausaland 10. A factor responsible for the growth of was mainly attributed to large towns among the Yoruba was the A. trading activities A. absence of conflict in the area B. wars of conquest B. concentration of Europeans in C. immigration of groups the area D. population increase. C. fertile nature of the soil in the 4. In the 18th century, Zaria was under the area influence of D. high centralization of authority A. Sokoro in the area. B. Daura C. Kano

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11. The greatest problem faced by the Old B. make the indigenous political Oyo Empire in the early 19th century institutions adapt to British was the system of Government A. weakening of the central C. use indigenous political authority institutions to serve British B. incursion of the jihadists interest C. British encroachment into D. promote co-operation between Yorubaland the educated elite and the D. dominant influence of Bashorun indigenous rulers.. Gaha. 17. The principal target of the Aba Women 12. The Egba welcomed the British demonstrators of 1929 were the missionaries in the 19th century because A. Warrant chiefs A. they wanted British protection B. European traders B. of their desire to accept C. Christian missionaries Christianity D. Court clerks. C. of their quest for Western 18. Which of the following were former education British colonies? D. they wanted to established A. Nigeria, Ghana, Gambia and trade with the British. Liberia 13. The main cause of the decline of the B. Cameroon, Togo, Egypt and Benin Kingdom in the 19th century was Ghana the C. Sierra Leone, Gambia, Nigeria A. absence of a strong and and Ghana effective army D. Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal and B. bitter struggle for the throne by South Africa. the ruling families 19. Transportation network in colonial C. strained relations between Nigeria was established to Benin and Agbor A. ease local transportation D. British abolition of the trans- problem of women Atlantic slave trade. B. encourage visits among distant 14. One of the early Nigerian leaders who relations collaborated with British and later C. support the movement of raw resisted was materials and the army A. King Jaja of Opobo D. provide employment for the B. Nana of Itsekiri people. C. sultan Attahiru 20. In colonial Nigeria, export crop D. king Dappa Williams. production was dominated by 15. The Royal Niger Company was renamed A. the Europeans A. British West African Company B. the Labanese B. United African Company C. peasant farmers C. Lever Brothers NigeriaPlc D. indigenous middlemen. D. Leventis Nigeria Plc. 21. Sabon Gari settlement in most parts of 16. The British policy of indirect rule sought colonial Nigeria harboured mostly to A. people other than the indigenes A. encourage the educated elite to B. indigenes who were Muslims participate in local C. strangers who were Muslims administration only

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D. European traders and B. crisis in the Western region missionaries. C. poor social policy of the First 22. The Richards Constitution of 1946 Republic brought about D. crisis of the 1962 Census. A. decolonization 28. The major reason for Nigeria’s interest B. independence in the Liberian Civil War was to save C. a strong central government herself from D. regional politics. A. bearing the burden of the war’s 23. The Native Authority system in refugees Northern Nigerian was established to B. losing her investments in A. assist in the collection of taxes Liberia and general administration C. losing her citizens in Liberia B. regulate the number of D. losing her position as a regional European District Officers power. C. streamline electoral laws in the 29. The most significant act of area statesmanship associated with D. support the spread of Christian Abdulsalami regime was missionary activities. A. promulgate the 1999 24. Anti-colonial movements Nigeria before Constitution the World War II involved B. handing over power to a civilian A. attempts to violently chase the government British out of the country C. the release of political prisoners B. collaboration with the British D. organizing successful general authority elections. C. peaceful protests through 30. The major feature of the War against petitions and conferences Indiscipline were D. the establishment of pressure A. queuing culture and groups by traditional rulers. environmental sanitation 25. Politics in Nigeria’s First republic was B. public flogging and payment of characterized by fines A. religion and ethnicity C. arrest of offenders and B. religion and regionalism imprisonment of convicts C. ethnicity and regionalism D. high slogans and beating of D. regionalism and despotism. drums. 26. In 1963, the Eastern region of Nigeria 31. Which of the following was referred to went to the supreme court over the as ‘Province of Freedom’ in the 19th A. decision of the federal century? government to conduct a fresh A. Liberia census B. Ghana B. exclusion of Easterners resident C. The Gambia in the North from the census D. Sierra Leone. C. the population figures of the 32. The early missionaries abandoned their national census work in Benin mainly because of D. exclusion of women in the A. antagonism from the Oba national census. B. resistance from the people 27. The immediate cause of the Nigerian C. lack of resources Civil War was the D. ill health and health. A. coup detat of January 1966

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33. In 1805, Muhammad Ali became the 40. The rise of Shaka the Zulu was a result Pasha of Egypt as a result of of the A. his leadership qualities A. introduction of new military B. the deposition of the sultan tactics C. his military background B. support he got from the Boer D. the voluntary retirement of the C. wealth he acquired sultan. from heavy taxation 34. The British occupied Egypt in 1882 to D. decentralization of political A. crush the Ahmad Urabi revolt authority. B. open a new era in the history of 41. The dissatisfaction of the Boer with the country British reforms at the Cape Colony C. restore the authority of the made them to Khedive A. stage a rebellion against the D. protect their interest in the British country. B. negotiate peace settlement 35. French delay in occupying Algeria was with the British attributed to C. form a strong political A. demographic reasons organization B. insufficient officials D. emigrate from the area. C. the people’s resistance 42. The policy of separation of the races in D. fear of British reaction. South Africa was first adopted in the 36. The Mahdiyya Movement in the sudan Cape by the was principally a reaction against A. British A. internal oppression B. French B. northern domination C. Germans C. foreign pressures D. Boer. D. economic difficulties. 43. The last European power to join the 37. The reign of Sayyid said in East Africa race for colonies in Africa was was marked by A. France A. a gradual growth in Portuguese B. Portugal influence C. Germany B. decline in the slave trade D. Belgium. C. crises at home and pirates at 44. The area later referred to as Cameroon sea was mandated to D. the loss of Pate to the Mazrui. A. France and Britain 38. By 1700, the Portuguese had been B. Portugal and Spain expelled from all their coastal C. Belgium and Italy strongholds in East Africa by the D. Germany and Belgium. A. Arab traders 45. The British government took over the B. English traders control of the Colony of Sierra Leone in C. Belgium traders 1807 in order to use it as a D. Indian traders. A. major trading port in the West 39. One of the factors that attracted the African region Europeans to East Africa was the desire B. centre for the spread of British A. for tropical produce culture B. for territorial expansion C. base for anti-slave trade naval C. to establish Christian missions patrol D. to spread Western education.

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D. base to penet West African UTME 2008 Answers interior. 1. Option A 46. Nationalist’s resistance to colonialism in Ekine society is a group of actors, Africa was influenced by drummers and dancers that is divided A. the level of literacy among the into adult and junior cadres. people 2. Option C B. relations between the Africans The Idoma and Tiv can be found in the and Europeans Benue area, the Nupe in present Niger C. the effect of Islamic religion on state and the Juleun in present Taraba the people State. D. the nature and character of the 3. Option A leadership. 4. Option D 47. The nationalist leaders who played Daura was never militarily powerful; the prominent roles during Zimbabwe’s power of Kano had waned as at the struggle for independence were time under reference while Sokoto had A. Robert Mugabe and Joshua not yet come to limelight. Nkomo 5. Option D B. Abel Muzerewaand Kamuzu 6. Option A Banda The Trans-Saharan Trade which had C. Sam Nujoma and Chris Hani been on for many centuries included D. Ndabaningi Sithole and several articles of trade of which slaves Augustiho Neto. were later added; human sacrifice was 48. The principal anti-apartheid party in only carried on a very small scale; inter- South Africa was the ethnic warfare took place majorly in the A. African National Congress nineteenth century. B. Afrikaner National Party 7. Option D C. National Party The other Jihads wee offshoot of the D. Unionist Congress. Sokoto movement. 49. The power that emerged after the First 8. Option A World War was 9. Option D A. Great Britain Freeman pioneered Methodist B. Russia missionary activity in Yorubaland; Baikie C. the USA led the 1857 missionary expedition to D. Japan. the North; Skessor worked together to 50. Northern Rhodesia, on becoming a abolish some negative traditional Crown Colony, was administered by the practices in Calabar. A. United Nations Organization 10. Option C B. Commonwealth of Nations 11. Option A C. British Foreign Affairs The other options are the effects of the Department selected answer. D. British Colonial Office. 12. Option A 13. Option B Civil strife broke out among rival claimants to the Benin throne thus weakening her central authority. 14. Option A Jaja entered into a treaty with the British but did not fully comprehend the

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content of the agreement. When the 31. Option A implications later dawned on him, Jaja Freed slaves from the United States renounced the treaty. were brought down and settled in 15. Option B Liberia. They were never colonized but 16. Option C remained free. The British saw no reason to dismantle 32. Option B the administrative system on ground The earliest missionaries to come to before their coming as it was efficient. Benin were the catholics and as a result 17. Option A of shift opposition from the people, The Warrant chiefs were approved by they left. the British without regard to the 33. Option A culture of the Igbo people. 34. Option D 18. Option C 35. Option D Cameroon was a German colony; Togo Britain also had vested interest to and Senegal French colonies while protect in Algeria and was likely not to Liberia was never a colony. welcome the French invasion. 19. Option C 36. Option C 20. Option C Khedwe Ismail of Egypt had attempted Indigenous middlemen purchased the to suppress slave trade in Egypt and crops from the peasant farmers and that would deal a devastating blow to sold them to European merchants. the economy of the Sudan. 21. Option A 37. Option B Strangers whether muslims or 38. Option A otherwise in each settlement were Arab traders from all the East African settle in quarters called Sabon Gari. coastal states came together to expel 22. Option D the Portuguese who had become weak It created three regions – the West, at that time. East and North. 39. Option B 23. Option A 40. Option A 24. Option C 41. Option D Those protests were mainly against the 42. Option D marginalization of the educated elite The Boer – led government introduced from participating in the colonial the policy of apartheid- a policy of racial government. segregation. 25. Option C 43. Option B 26. Option C 44. Option A The result of the census had shown that A small strip of land in the North and the population of the North was larger West was given to Britain while the than the addition of the figures of both larger part was handed over the France. the East and the West. 45. Option C 27. Option A 46. Option D 28. Option A Leaders of Nationalist movements were Nigeria was of the opinion that many of educated elite who were charismatic those displayed by the civil strife would and did not compromise their stream to Nigeria as refuges and antagonism to colonialism. eventually overstretch her economy. 47. Option A 29. Option B Banda led his country Malawi to 30. Option A independence, Neto was at the

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forefront of Angola’s nationalism, 6. The collapse of Kanem under Dunama Nujoma in Namibia; Muzorewa and Debalemi was attributed to Sithole and were protégés of the A) poor economic system Colonial Administration in Zimbabwe. B) lack of a standing army 48. Option A C) conflict among the ruling class 49. Option C D) lack of a sound political Russia that was part of the Allied forces structure. withdrew in 1917 while the USA joined 7. The Yoruba background to the Oba of the war that same year running the tide Benin is emphasized by the against Germany. A) similarities of Benin and Ife arts 50. Option D. B) similarities in their political structures C) relationship between 2012 UTME History Oranmiyan and Ogiso dynasties 1. Which Question Paper Type of History D) Oranmiyan legend in Benin as indicated above is given to you? history. A) Type Green. 8. European traders did not venture into B) Type Purple. the interior of Nigeria before the 19th C) Type Red. century because D) Type Yellow. A) they were ignorant of the area 2. The Nok civilization suggests that B) the African middlemen served A) Nigeria passed through their needs different stages of development C) of their fear of the African B) civilization in the area began middlemen with the Stone Age D) they were very few in number. C) the people of Nigeria came 9. The Africans transported across the from the East Atlantic as slaves were mostly D) Nigerian civilization is related to A) people with criminal records that of Greek. B) able-bodied men 3. The development of mircoliths is C) disabled persons associated with the D) people with low income. A) Middle Age Stone 10. The jihadists emerged victorious in B) Late Stone Age Gobir because C) Iron Age A) their cause was just D) Early Stone Age. B) the Hausa rulers were divided 4. In pre-colonial Nigeria, intergroup C) they had superior weapons contacts were encourage mostly by D) the masses supported them. A) economic interdependence 11. Rabeh’s greatest challenge after B) military alliance conquering Borno was C) marriage ties A) normalizing relations with D) political ties Sokoto Caliphate 5. Which of the following is the most B) rebuilding the armed forces important source of the history of the C) reviving the ailing economy Hausa states? D) safeguarding the religion of A) Tarikh-as Sudan. Islam. B) The European account. 12. Christianity spread fast in Nigeria C) The Kano Chronicle. because it D) The Arab traders’ account.

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A) was associated with Western D) liberate the Igbo from Aro education bondage. B) had superior spiritual appeal 18. A major reason for the introduction of C) preached social equality indirect rule in Northern Nigeria was to D) was opposed to oppression by A) ensure perfect control of the rulers. economy 13. Ibadan-Ijebu relations in the 19th B) further weaken the position of Century became hostile as a result of the elite class A) boundary disputes between C) assist the Christian missionaries them in their activities B) succession to the Ijebu throne D) secure cheap labour for railway C) British annexation of Lagos construction. D) Ibadan’s attempt to reach the 19. Nationalist activities developed earlier coast. in British West Africa than in French 14. The Ekiti Parapo was aimed at West Africa because A) checking European inroad into A) British colonies were accorded Yorubaland equal status with Britain B) restoring the dignity of the B) Britain had more colonies than Alaafin France C) reducing the powers of Ibadan C) African chiefs in French colonies D) forming a federated were highly respected government. D) of the systems of 15. The Uzama title holders in Benin administration adopted by the Kingdom were responsible for colonial powers. A) advising the Oba in the 20. The main reason for the construction of administration of the Kingdom the railway from Port-Harcourt into the B) punishing erring members of hinterland was the the royal family A) discovery of tin in Jos area C) defending the Kingdom from B) discovery of a deep sea harbor external attacks at Port-Harcourt D) settling disputes between the C) discovery of coal at Udi Oba and other chiefs. D) need to evacuate export crops 16. Britain suppressed the trans-Atlantic from the hinterland. slave trade because 21. During the colonial period, agricultural A) there was no more market for policy in Nigeria was designed to slaves in America A) raise the financial base of the B) it had become very inhuman country C) the Christian missions preached B) make the economy compete against it favourably in the world market D) it became unfavourable to her C) provide raw materials for industrial progress. British industries 17. The main goal of the British expedition D) demonstrate Britain’s concern against the Aro was to for the development of its A) destroy the Ibini-Ukpabi oracle colonies. B) eliminate all opposition to their presence in the hinterland 22. The Nigerian Youth Movement C) pave the way for the collapsed as a result of Christianization of Igboland A) its failure to win elections

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B) shortage of funds to run its 27. An important function of FEDECO affairs during the 1979 elections was C) the harassment of its leadership A) establishing party offices by government B) promulgating the new D) the break-up of its leadership. constitution into law 23. The NCNC London Delegate pressed for C) swearing-in of elected officials A) free primary education for all D) delineating electoral Nigerian children constituencies. B) autonomy for the regions 28. A major reason for the military C) a revision of the Richards intervention in Nigeria’s politics in Constitution 129966 was the D) outright independence for A) pro-West posture of Nigeria’s Nigeria. foreign policy 24. The Lyttlelton Constitution is B) over-bearing power of considered a landmark in the history of traditional rulers Nigeria, because it C) attempt by government to A) created a federal structure of retire top military officers government for the country D) crisis of the 1964 General B) made ministers accountable to Elections. the electorate 29. Major General Aguiyi-Ironsi introduced C) recognized Lagos as a federal a unitary system of government territory because D) gave ministers full authority A) it was the wish of the people over their ministries. B) of the command structure of 25. Protests by trade unions in Nigeria the military during the colonial period were aimed C) he wanted more revenue for at the central government A) achieving political D) other military officers were independence planning to overthrow him. B) establishing more industries 30. The strategy for accelerated agricultural C) obtaining specific benefits for development of the Obasanjo regime in members the 1970’s focused on D) fighting corruption among A) improving transportation government officials. network to the rural areas 26. Which of the following served as B) establishing agro-allied federal ministers under the Tafawa industries Balewa Administration? C) achieving food self-sufficiency A) Alhaji Muhammadu Ribadu and D) establishing new marketing Chief Festus Okotie-Eboh. boards. B) Chief Kolawole Balogun and 31. The Berber scholar, al-Mukhtar, Alhaji Adamu Ciroma. contributed to the success of the C) Alhaji Muhammadu Inuwa Masina Jihad by Wada and Chief Richard A) fighting alongside Seju Ahmadu Akinjide B) preparing the ground through D) Chief Aja Nwachukwu and the Qadiriyyah Brotherhood Alhaji Umaru Dikko. C) mobilizing various groups to fight for Seku Ahmadu

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D) appealing to Ardo Moudo to D) making English the lingua support Seku Ahmadu. franca of Zanzibar. 32. The establishment of Freetown in 1822 38. One of the main aims of the British facilitated conquest of Buganda was to A) the settlement of freed slaves A) gain access to the cape of Good B) Christian missionary activities Hope C) humanitarian activities B) pain control of the gold mines D) the improvement of agriculture. of Bunyoro 33. Nineteenth century Egyptian C) prevent other Europeans from nationalism principally aimed at controlling the source of the A) controlling the Suez Canal Nile B) forming a constitutional D) take control of the trade routes government in Egypt in the area. C) bringing down the monarchy 39. The survival of Ethiopia as an D) ensuring Egyptian independent polity was as a result of independence. the 34. The Battle of Tel el-Kebir was fought A) location of the kingdom between B) alliance with some European A) the British and the Urabists powers B) Tawfiq and the Mahdists C) strong economic base of the C) the Khedive and the Wafdists kingdom D) Napoleon and the Mamluks. D) introduction of a compulsory 35. Morocco was of strategic importance to military service. the European countries because 40. The Mfecane resulted in the A) of its good climatic conditions A) division and fragmentation of B) it was highly industrialized the Zulu nation C) it possessed good mineral B) formation of the Ndebele state resources C) decrease in Boer influence in D) it provided an entrance to the South Africa Mediterranean. D) dispersal of the Zulu to the 36. The Mahdists revolt in the Sudan was Katanga copper belt. successful 41. The 1960 Sharpeville revolt was A) They believed they had a specifically against superior faith A) labour laws B) it enjoyed widespread support B) land laws C) the Egyptian army was poorly C) pass laws trained D) marriage laws. D) General Gordon was an 42. A major consequence of the Great Trek incompetent commander. was the 37. Sayyid Said increased the volume of A) restriction of movement of the trade with the Europeans by whites in South Africa A) allowing them to take control of B) agitation for black-white the trade with the hinterland equality in South Africa B) replacing Indian middlemen C) annexation of white with Europeans communities by the Africans C) allowing European consuls to D) the expansion of white reside in Zanzibar communities in South Africa.

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43. One feature of European diplomacy in 48. In 1973, Nigeria broke diplomatic the scramble for Africa was relations with Israel because of Israel’s A) exchanging of ambassadors A) occupation of Egyptian territory among them B) support for apartheid South B) holding Africans hostage for Africa negotiations C) support for Biafra during the C) negotiating with African leaders war for territories D) raid on Entebbe airport in D) reconciling differences over Uganda. territorial claims. 49. King Leopold’s colonial ventures in the 44. The French colonial policy of Congo were aimed at assimilation failed in Africa because A) making Belgium a great colonial A) African culture was deeply power rooted B) carving out an empire for B) the African elite were opposed himself to it C) putting a stop to domestic slave C) it was not consistently trade in the area implemented D) introducing Western education D) it was expensive to implement. to the people. 45. Which of the following was one of the 50. In Africa, the colonial authorities demands of the National Congress of introduced modern means of British West Africa? transportation in order to A) Establishment of a university in A) develop the internal markets each of the colonies. B) increase farmers’ purchasing B) Expulsion of all Syrians and power Lebanese from the colonies. C) encourage urban development C) Election of Africans into each D) promote import-export trade. colony’s council. D) Restriction of the activities of 2012 UTME History Answers. Christian missionaries in the 1. B. colonies. 2. A. 46. The nationalist movement in Nigeria Archaeological findings indicated that during the post-war period was Nok passed through early, middle and primarily led by late Stole Age as well as the Iron Age. A) businessmen 3. B. B) the intelligentsia The middle Stone Age was C) students characterized by facetted butts; the D) local chiefs. Iron Age by the development of iron 47. One of the objectives for the formation and other metallic weapons and the of the South African Native Congress in Early Stone Age by bifaces, cleavers, 1912 was to picks and choppers. A) establish a political party 4. A. B) encourage black participation in 5. C. governance The Kano Chronicle mentions only the C) retrieve all lands seized by the relationship between Kano and whites neighbouring states; the European D) integrate the various groups accounts contain information about and races. Nigeria’s coastal states while

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Tarikh-al- Sudan supplies information Control of the economy would grant on mainly Western and central them unhindered access to raw Sudanese states. materials for the European industries 6. C. and ready markets for the products 7. D. from the industries. There was no relationship between the 19. Option D. Oranmiyan and Ogiso Dynasties the The British colonial system allowed latter of which had been superceded by nationalist activities while the French in the Republican system; the Oranmiyan early stage strongly opposed it. connection with Benin history produced 20. Option C. similarities in Ife and Benin arts as well Coal is a very heavy mineral which as in their political structures cannot be carried by road transport 8. B. 21. Option C. 9. Option B. This was done by the encouragement of Disabled persons as well as old persons Nigerian farmers to cultivate cash and children were not taken as they crops. would not be able to work on sugar 22. Option D. cane and tobacco plantations in 23. Option C. America where they were taken to. It, among other things not listed here 10. Option D. except the correct option, sought the 11. Option C. establishment of a legislative house in Rabeh had an efficient army at that each of the four British colonial time and his immediate aim certainly territories. did not include establishing any contact 24. Option A. with the Sokoto caliphate as he saw 25. Option C. himself as another Muslim reformer. 26. Option A. 12. Option A. Alhaji Adamu Ciroma, Chief Richard 13. Option D. Akinjide and Alhaji Umaru Dikko served Ans: D. under subsequent administrations. The Ijebu and Egba were fiercely 27. Option D. opposed to Ibadan’s attempt to procure Establishment of party offices was done arms and ammunition directly from by political parties; promulgation of the Lagos to prosecute her wars. 1979 constitution into law by the then 14. Option C. Federal Military Government while Ibadan had grown to become the most elected officials were sworn in by either powerful Yoruba state whose the Chief Justice, Chief Judge (state administrative over other Yoruba states Governors) or speakers of state houses and towns had become oppressive and of assembly (for legislators). therefore unpopular. 28. Option D. 15. Option A. The crisis was exacerbated by that 16. Option D. which resulted by the massively rigged Following the Industrial Revolution, the Western Regional Election of 1965 European countries needed raw which led to the total break-down of materials for their industries not slaves law and order. who used to provide cheap manual 29. Option B. labour. 30. Option C. 17. Option B. He aimed to achieve this through the 18. Option A. ‘Operation Feed the Nation’ scheme..

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31. Option B. Colonial territory with majority of the He started an Islamic revival in the members being Africans. Niger bend and Masina thus preaching 46. Option B. the tenets of the Quadriyyah The movement was led by mostly Brotherhood which later formed the educated elite that had returned from basis for the launching of Seku Europe and those who took part in the Ahmadu’s Jihad. Second World War. 32. Option A. 47. Option D. 33. Option D. 48. Option A. 34. Option A. Israel defeated the joint army of the six The Urabis’ seizure of power in Egypt to Arab nations in 1967 and again in 1973 end foreign domination of the country and went ahead to annex some eventually led to stiff opposition from important regions of Egypt. the British which defeated the 49. Option B. nationalists and occupied Egypt. Leopold did not want to be left out of 35. Option D. new territorial acquisitions in Africa 36. Option B. following the encouragement of the 37. Option C. French to do so by Bismarck of The European consuls were to ensure Germany following the former’s loss compliance with commercial treaties of the rich territories of Alsace and signed between their countries and the Lorraine to the former . Omani rulers and to protect citizens of 50. Option D. their countries from molestations. 38. Option C. 39. Option A. Ethiopia is characterized by high plateaux, gorges and valleys as well as semi-desert lowlands which have protected the country from external invasion. 40. Option B. 41. Option C. The protests were against restrictions of the movement of Africans from one area to another especially to enter any area occupied by the white people. 42. Option D. 43. Option D. European powers held conferences in which they signed treaties among themselves to settle disagreements among them over rival claims laid to African territories. 44. Option A. 45. Option C. The congress wanted a legislative council established for each British

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