The Role and Management of Public Service Broadcasting As Part of the Regional/Local Media Landscape – Comparative Analyses Between Japan’S NHK and the UK’S BBC
Keio Communication Review No. 35, 2013 The Role and Management of Public Service Broadcasting as part of the Regional/Local Media Landscape – Comparative Analyses between Japan’s NHK and the UK’s BBC By Yoshiko NAKAMURA* Introduction The last ten years have seen a sea change in the world of broadcasting, ranging from the digitalization of terrestrial television broadcasting, the spread of the Internet to the use of digital devices ever more diverse and sophisticated. Much has been debated and reexamined concerning a changing role expected of public service broadcasting, how it should adapt to digital-age challenges and what fresh services it could offer. In Europe, the history of development of broadcasting services was primarily guided by public service broadcasters, while, in Japan, the NHK, Japan’s public service broadcasting, has led the way by breaking new ground with Hi-Vision and data broadcasting services, both of which were built on the basis of expertise refined over many years. In both Europe and Japan, the legal framework, ‘convergence law’, was put in place in order to accommodate emerging telecommunications technologies, network architecture and a flexible migration of content across multiple platforms. At the same time, the unchanging philosophy of universality has continued to be upheld and reaffirmed; ‘Information, education and entertainment for all.’ Hence various new services, offered in accordance with the spirit of duty as a public service broadcaster. TV programmes are now offered via telecommunications networks, enabled by advances in digital technology. TV contents are made accessible on a video-on-demand basis. All these services were developed in order to better serve viewers with new media access, increasingly diversified and individualised, and were aimed to ensure universality, albeit a different type, of the new age 1.
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