The Communalization and Disintegration of Urdu in Anita Desai’S in Custody 1
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
A Study on Divergence in Malayalam and Tamil Language in Machine Translation Perceptive
A Study on Divergence in Malayalam and Tamil Language in Machine Translation Perceptive Jisha P Jayan Elizabeth Sherly Virtual Resource Centre for Virtual Resource Centre for Language Computing Language Computing IIITM-K,Trivandrum IIITM-K,Trivandrum [email protected] [email protected] Abstract others are specific with respect to the language pair (Lavanya et al., 2005; Saboor and Khan, Machine Translation has made significant 2010). Hence, the divergence in the translation achievements for the past decades. How- need to be studied both perspectives that is across ever, in many languages, the complex- the languages and language specific pair (Sinha, ity with its rich inflection and agglutina- 2005).The most problematic area in translation is tion poses many challenges, that forced the lexicon and the role it plays in the act of creat- for manual translation to make the cor- ing deviations in sense and reference based on the pus available. The divergence in lexi- context of its occurrence in texts (Dash, 2013). cal, syntactic and semantic in any pair Indian languages come under Indo-Aryan or of languages makes machine translation Dravidian scripts. Though there are similarities more difficult. And many systems still de- in scripts, there are many issues and challenges pend on rules heavily, that deteriates sys- in translation between languages such as lexical tem performance. In this paper, a study divergences, ambiguities, lexical mismatches, re- on divergence in Malayalam-Tamil lan- ordering, syntactic and semantic issues, structural guages is attempted at source language changes etc. Human translators try to choose the analysis to make translation process easy. -
The Death of Sanskrit*
The Death of Sanskrit* SHELDON POLLOCK University of Chicago “Toutes les civilisations sont mortelles” (Paul Valéry) In the age of Hindu identity politics (Hindutva) inaugurated in the 1990s by the ascendancy of the Indian People’s Party (Bharatiya Janata Party) and its ideo- logical auxiliary, the World Hindu Council (Vishwa Hindu Parishad), Indian cultural and religious nationalism has been promulgating ever more distorted images of India’s past. Few things are as central to this revisionism as Sanskrit, the dominant culture language of precolonial southern Asia outside the Per- sianate order. Hindutva propagandists have sought to show, for example, that Sanskrit was indigenous to India, and they purport to decipher Indus Valley seals to prove its presence two millennia before it actually came into existence. In a farcical repetition of Romantic myths of primevality, Sanskrit is consid- ered—according to the characteristic hyperbole of the VHP—the source and sole preserver of world culture. The state’s anxiety both about Sanskrit’s role in shaping the historical identity of the Hindu nation and about its contempo- rary vitality has manifested itself in substantial new funding for Sanskrit edu- cation, and in the declaration of 1999–2000 as the “Year of Sanskrit,” with plans for conversation camps, debate and essay competitions, drama festivals, and the like.1 This anxiety has a longer and rather melancholy history in independent In- dia, far antedating the rise of the BJP. Sanskrit was introduced into the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India (1949) as a recognized language of the new State of India, ensuring it all the benefits accorded the other fourteen (now seventeen) spoken languages listed. -
Revisiting the Experience of Translating Faiz for Merchant-Ivory’S in Custody by Shahrukh Husain
Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 (2013) Found in Translation: Revisiting the experience of Translating Faiz for Merchant-Ivory’s In Custody By Shahrukh Husain “To recite a verse, you need power, resonance, the explosion of a cannon. There’s a spark or two still left in Urdu.” Nur, In Custody (quoted from film subtitle) It was an odd experience watching In Custody eighteen years after it was premiered at the London Film Festival in 1993. The decision to make this film was unique and crazy. Anita Desai’s Booker-nominated novel of the same title follows the nightmarish journey of a Hindi lecturer, Deven (Om Puri), in the small town of Mirpur whose secret passion for Urdu (“the right to left language”) is suddenly exposed when a roguish magazine editor of an Urdu magazine commissions an interview with Nur Shahjahanabadi (Shashi Kapoor). Nur is the pivotal character of the narrative, once hailed as the ‘poet of the age’, though now he is all but forgotten, having fallen into decadent ways, impoverished, sick and unproductive. Perhaps he has given up on his art, believing that “if Urdu is no more, of what significance is its poetry? It is dead, finished. You see its corpse lying here, waiting to be disposed of.” Nur, In Custody (quoted from film subtitle). Deven is charged with recording any new work by the poet for his magazine and so begins a nightmarish journey in which the lecturer disgraces himself at his university, embarrasses his supporters and alienates even his long-suffering wife. -
Word Level Language Identification in English Telugu
PACLIC 32 Word Level Language Identification in English Telugu Code Mixed Data Sunil Gundapu Radhika Mamidi Language Technologies Research Centre Language Technologies Research Centre KCIS, IIIT Hyderabad KCIS, IIIT Hyderabad Telangana, India Telangana, India [email protected] [email protected] Abstract tion in a single discourse between two languages, where the switching occurs within a sentence). Code In a multilingual or sociolingual configura- mixing is inconsistently elucidated in disparate sub- tion Intra-sentential Code Switching (ICS) or Code Mixing (CM) is frequently observed fields of linguistics and frequent examination of nowadays. In the world most of the people phrases, words, inflectional, derivational morphol- know more than one language. The CM us- ogy and syntax use of a term as an equivalent to age is especially apparent in social media plat- Code Mixing. forms. Moreover, ICS is particularly signifi- Code mixing is defined as the embedding of lin- cant in the context of technology, health and guistic units of one language into utterance of an- law where conveying the upcoming develop- other language. CM is not only used in commonly ments are difficult in ones native language. used spoken form of multilingual setting, but also In applications like dialog systems, machine translation, semantic parsing, shallow pars- used in social media websites in the form of com- ing, etc. CM and Code Switching pose seri- ments and replies, posts and especially in chat con- ous challenges. To do any further advance- versations. Most of the chat conversations are in a ment in code-mixed data, the necessary step formal or semi-formal setting and CM is often used. -
Anita Desai : in Custody Study Material
B.A. (Hons.) English Semester-II Core Course : Paper-III Indian Writing in English Unit II - Anita Desai : In Custody Study Material SCHOOL OF OPEN LEARNING UNIVERSITY OF DELHI Department of English Paper-3 Indian Writing in English Unit-2 Anita Desai: In Custody CONTENTS Unit 1 : Anita Desai – Life and Times Unit 2 : In Custody – An Introduction – Thematic Study Unit 3 : In Custody –Summary of Chapters Unit 4 : In Custody – Critical Comments – Chapterwise Unit 5 : Characterization in In Custody Unit 6 : Social, Gender and Language Perspectives in In Custody Edited by: Prepared by: Nalini Prabhakar Deb Dulal Halder SCHOOL OF OPEN LEARNING UNIVERSITY OF DELHI 5, Cavalry Lane, Delhi-110007 Unit 1 ANITA DESAI: LIFE AND TIMES 1.1 INTRODUCTION Anita Desai is an eminent writer of Indian English fiction who is known across the world for representing poignant pictures of Indians and their sensibilities. Her characters not only represent the milieu in which they are born but also at the same time often are victims of their circusmstances from which they try to struggle their way out. The novel In Cutody is a similar kind of a novel where the protagonist Deven is shown to be caught in the quarmire of his existence and as he tries to pursue his passion for Urdu poetry, how he is caught up in a web which he himself along with his circumstances create for him. It is a great psychological and sociological novel having a depth which very few Indian novelists could achieve in their works. This unit of the self-instructional material is designed to make ourselves acquainted with Anita Desai from a biographical point of view and also to comprehend her contribution to the development of the genre of novel in Indian English canon. -
Research Done at Naseema Institute of Speech and Hearing, Bangalore
NASEEMA INSTITUTE OF SPEECH AND HEARING KORAMANGALA, BANGALORE-34 List of Dissertations: Sl. No: TITLE STUDENT GUIDE YEAR OF SUBMISSION 1. Acoustic analysis of monosyllabic words used Divya. D. Nambishan Prof. N.D. Rajan 2013 in Kannada for testing speech identification 2. Awareness about the field of speech pathology Mr. Durai Pandi. M Dr. M.P Ravanan 2014 and audiology among nurses working at multispecialty hospitals 3. Comparative study about attitude towards Mr. Hiren Chovtia Dr. M.P Ravanan 2014 stuttering among slp and other professional using POSHA-C 4. Standardization of time compressed sentence Mr. Jobin Thomas Mrs. Rasitha Harish 2014 test in Malayalam 5. Cognitive Deficits in Malayalam Speaking Mr. Mohammed Jabir Dr. Sunil Kumar Ravi 2014 Persons with Broca’s Aphasia Shareef 6. Awareness among primary school teachers Mr. Sarath. P. V Dr. M.P Ravanan 2014 about the field of speech language pathology and audiology 7. Phonological processes in children speaking Mrs. Rose Mary Mr. Ranganathan 2014 monolingual and bilingual Malayalam Mathivanan 8. Cognitive deficits in Malayalam speaking Mohammed Jabir Dr. Sunil Kumar Ravi 2014 individuals with Broca’s Aphasia 9. Working Memory Abilities in Malayalam Faisal. P Dr. Sunil Kumar Ravi 2014 speaking individuals with Broca’s Aphasia 10. Development of western aphasia battery – Irish Dr. Sunil Kumar Ravi 2015 Manipuri Version 11. Speech dysfluencies in Malayalam speaking Almas Medha .M.Hegde 2015 children with Intellectual Disability 12. Conversational analysis in Malayalam speaking Sitara Shamsuden Medha .M. Hegde 2015 individuals with Dementia 13. Comparison of speech dysfluencies in L1 and Arshida Dr. Sunil Kumar Ravi 2015 L2 of Malayalam –English speaking typical Bilingual children 14. -
South Asian Studies Council 1 South Asian Studies Council
South Asian Studies Council 1 South Asian Studies Council The MacMillan Center 210 Luce Hall, 203.436.3517 http://southasia.macmillan.yale.edu Chair Sunil Amrith (History; on leave) Acting Chair Rohit De (History) Professors Sunil Amrith (History), Tim Barringer (History of Art), Veneeta Dayal (Linguistics), Michael Dove (School of the Environment), Robert Jensen (School of Management), Alan Mikhail (History), A. Mushfiq Mobarak (School of Management), Kaivan Munshi (Economics), Rohini Pande (Economics), Kishwar Rizvi (History of Art), Kalyanakrishnan Sivaramakrishnan (Anthropology), Shyam Sunder (School of Management), Steven Wilkinson (Political Science) Associate Professors Rohit De (History), Nihal DeLanerolle (School of Medicine), Mayur Desai (Public Health), Zareena Grewal (American Studies; Religious Studies) Assistant Professors Subhashini Kaligotla (History of Art), Sarah Khan (Political Science), Priyasha Mukhopadhyay (English) Senior Lecturer Carol Carpenter (School of the Environment) Senior Lector Swapna Sharma (Hindi) Lector Aleksandar Uskokov (Sanskrit) Students with an interest in South Asian Studies should apply to one of the University’s degree-granting departments, such as Anthropology, History, Political Science, Economics, or Religious Studies. The South Asian Studies Council is part of the MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies. It has been organized to provide guidance to graduate students who desire to use the resources of the departments of the University that offer South Asia-related courses. The South Asian Studies Council aims to bring together faculty and students sharing an interest in South Asia, and it supplements the curriculum with seminars, conferences, and special lectures by scholars from Yale as well as visiting scholars. It provides information concerning grants, fellowships, research programs, and foreign study opportunities. -
Cultural Discourse in Anita Desai's in Custody
Journal of Higher Education & Research Society A Refereed International ISSN- 2349 0209 VOL- 6/ ISSUE- 1 APRIL 2018 CULTURAL DISCOURSE IN ANITA DESAI’S IN CUSTODY Dr. Shaikh Ajaz Perveen Assist. Prof., Dept. of English, Milliya Arts, Science and Management Science College, Beed Abstract Anita Desai (1937) is an Indian Novelist and professor in Humanities. Her published works include adult novels, children's books and short stories. She is a member of the Advisory Board for English of the National Academy of Letters in Delhi and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in London. She has been shortlisted for booker’s prize for three times. Exploring duality is a characteristic of Desai’s work that The Washington Post recognized saying, “In Anita Desai’s reckoning, one and one do not make two. They make three, four even. In her logic, if you are a compound of two cultures, you are more likely fractured in myriad ways, launched on a lifetime of shape shifts and in-betweens. Her novel In Custody (1984) was again shortlisted for 1984 Booker’s prize. She has also been awarded a Neil Gunn international fellowship in 1994. This paper deals with the study of Anita Desai’s novel entitled as In Custody, which deals with the description of diminishing Urdu culture and language. KEY WORDS: Urdu, culture, language, Hindi, official, loss 665 CULTURAL DISCOURSE IN ANITA DESAI’S IN CUSTODY (UGC APPROVED SR. NO. 256/ JOURNAL NO. 48102) Journal of Higher Education & Research Society A Refereed International ISSN- 2349 0209 VOL- 6/ ISSUE- 1 APRIL 2018 CULTURAL DISCOURSE IN ANITA DESAI’S IN CUSTODY - Dr. -
Multichannel LSTM-CNN for Telugu Technical Domain Identification
Multichannel LSTM-CNN for Telugu Technical Domain Identification Sunil Gundapu Radhika Mamidi Language Technologies Research Centre Language Technologies Research Centre KCIS, IIIT Hyderabad KCIS, IIIT Hyderabad Telangana, India Telangana, India [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Languages. Telugu is one of India’s old traditional languages, and it is categorized as one of the Dra- With the instantaneous growth of text informa- vidian language family. According to the Ethno- tion, retrieving domain-oriented information logue1 list, there are about 93 million native Telugu from the text data has a broad range of applica- tions in Information Retrieval and Natural lan- speakers, and it ranks sixteenth most-spoken lan- guage Processing. Thematic keywords give a guages worldwide. compressed representation of the text. Usually, We tried to identify the domain of Telugu text Domain Identification plays a significant role data using various Supervised Machine Learning in Machine Translation, Text Summarization, and Deep Learning techniques in our work. Our Question Answering, Information Extraction, Multichannel LSTM-CNN method outperforms the and Sentiment Analysis. In this paper, we pro- other methods on the provided dataset. This ap- posed the Multichannel LSTM-CNN method- ology for Technical Domain Identification for proach incorporates the advantages of CNN and Telugu. This architecture was used and eval- Self-Attention based BiLSTM into one model. uated in the context of the ICON shared task The rest of the paper is structured as follows: “TechDOfication 2020” (task h), and our sys- Section 2 explains some related works of domain tem got 69.9% of the F1 score on the test identification, Section 3 describes the dataset pro- dataset and 90.01% on the validation set. -
Dr. SUNIL KUMAR. RAVI, M.Sc (SLP), Ph.D (Speech Language Pathology) Associate Professor & Principal, Naseema Institute of Speech & Hearing, Bangalore, India
Curriculum Vitae Dr. SUNIL KUMAR. RAVI, M.Sc (SLP), Ph.D (Speech Language Pathology) Associate Professor & Principal, Naseema Institute of Speech & Hearing, Bangalore, India. Tel: +91-9620542794 E-Mail: [email protected] PROFESSIONAL PROFILE 1. Working as Associate Professor & Principal at Naseema Institute of Speech and Hearing, Bangalore from August, 2013. 2. Faculty Consultant for developing curriculum for Bachelor of Health Science (Majors in Speech & Hearing) at Gulf Medical University, Ajman (as per ASHA standards) during April, May, & October, 2014. 3. Guest Faculty at Department of Psychology, University of Mysore, Mysore for M.Phil in Learning Disability Course. 4. Expert Committee member (Speech Language Pathology) in Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) National Task Force (NTF) project titled “Development and Validation of a Comprehensive Clinical and Neuropsychological Test Battery for use in the Indian context for patients with Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI)". 5. Ph.D Thesis title: An Event Related Brain Potential Study of Language Processing in Kannada – English Bilingual Aphasics (University of Mysore, Mysore). AWARDS/ FELLOWSHIPS Received Foreign Travel Grant from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Human Resource Development Group, Government of India, New Delhi for attending and presenting three research papers at International Conference on Bilingualism and Comparative Linguistics, held at Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, during 15th and 16th of May, 2012. (Ref no: TG/6661/11-HRD dated 23.04.2012.) Received Junior Research Fellowship for pursuing Ph.D in Speech Language Pathology program from All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore for a period of three years. Received best paper award in National Conference on Neurogenic Communication Disorders in Adults held at Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad in December, 2015. -
Ismail Merchant: Film Producer Extraordinary / Partha Chatterjee
Ismail Merchant: Film Producer Extraordinary / Partha Chatterjee Ismail Merchant with James Ivory Ismail Merchant’s passing away on May 25, 2005 marked the end of a certain kind of cinema. He was the last of the maverick film producers with taste who made without any compromise, films with a strong literary bias which were partial to actors and had fine production values. It is sad that he died at sixty eight of bleeding ulcers unable to any longer work his legendary charm on venal German financiers who were supposed to finance his last production, The White Countess, which was to have been directed by his long-time partner James Ivory. Merchant-Ivory productions came into being in 1961 when, Ismail Merchant, a Bohra Muslim student on a scholarship in America met James Ivory, an Ivy-leaguer with art and cinema on his mind, quite by accident in a New York coffee shop. The rest as they say is history. Together they made over forty films in a relationship that lasted all of forty- four years. A record in the annals of independent filmmaking anywhere in the world. Ivory’s gentle, inward looking vision may never have found expression on the scale that it did but for Merchant’s amazing resourcefulness that included coaxing, cajoling, bullying and charming all those associated, directly and indirectly with the making of his films. Merchant-Ivory productions’ first venture was a documentary, The Delhi Way back in 1962. The next year they made a feature length fiction film The Householder in Black and White. It was about a young college lecturer, tentative and clumsy trying to find happiness with his wife from a sheltered background. -
Tamil Studies, Or Essays on the History of the Tamil People, Language
'^J'iiiDNVSoi^^ v/yaaAiNrtiwv" ^(?Aavaaiiiv> ^omMW -^llIBRARYd?/r. ^MEUNIVERy/A. vvlOSANCE o o \^my\^ ^OJUVJ-JO"^ ^OFCAIIFO/?^ ^OF-CAilFO/?^ ^^WE UNIVERi/^ ^lOSANCE o ^AUvHsni^ "^^^AHvaan^- ^tji^dkysoi^^ AWEUNIVER5'//. vvlOSANCElfj> ^lllBRARY6k. <rii33Nvsoi^ '^/ya3AiNn3WV %ojnvojo^ .^WEUNIVER% v^lOSANCElfj> ^^;OFCAL1FO/?^ 4sS ^, <rii30Nvsoi^ %a3AiNiiawv* ^<?Aavaaii-i^ ^IIIBRARY<9^ A^^lllBRARYQ^^ ^\^EUNIVER% ^lOSANCEl U-o ^ ^«!/0JITV3JO^ ^<!/0JnV3J0^ ^OF-CAIIFO% >;,OFCAIIFOP^ ^WEUNIVER% vvlOSANCEl o '^^Aavaaii-^'^ ^bvaaii^- <rji30Nvsoi^'^ C^ V<y lONvsoi^ %a3AiNn-3UV* ^<?AJivaaii^'^ ^^AHvaaii] ^ILIBRARYQ^ -.v^lLIBRARY6k, A\\EUNIVERS/A .vWSANCEli o = ;^ \oi\mi^'^ ^<tfOdllV3-JO^ ^TiiJOKVSOl^'^ ^OF-CALfFOMi^ .-A;OFCA[IFO/?^ .^WEUNIVERS-/// O .avaaiH^ %avHani^ <rii30Nvsoi=<^ \WEUNIVER5//, ^lOSANGElfj> 5^llIBRARY6>/\ ^lUBRARY i^ o o -< ^/5a3AINn]WV^ ^(tfOdllVDJO^ %QmH ,>\^EUNIVERS//i vvlOSANCElfx^ ^OFCAIIFO/?^ o tjLJ> o "^AddAINfl-dUV ^^Aav«aii-i^ LiBRARYQc. ^^•IIBRARYQ^ A\^EUNIVER5/A ^lOSANCEli OOr o ^<!/OJI7V3JO^ ^OFCAIIFO^^ ^OFCAIIFO/?^ aWEUNIVERS//, '^^AWaaiH'^ ^^Aavaaii-^^^ <r?]3ow.soi^'^ TAMIL STUDIES k \\ • MAP OF Ind|/\ W *|/ a u<-7 '^'^Ti /"**"" .h^'t^^iitu^yh ( D) \ \ TAMIL STUDIES OR ESSAYS ON THE HISTORY OF THE TAMIL PEOPLE, LANGUAGE, RELIGION AND LITERATURE BY M. SRINIVASA AIYANGAR, M.A. FIRST SERIES WITH MAP AND PLATE MADRAS AT THE GQARDIAN PRESS ' 1914 J[All rights reserved"} G. C. LOGANADHAM BROS, THE GUARDIAN PRESS, MADRAS D3 T3S7 To Tbe VConourable SIR HAROLD STUART, k.cy.o., C.s.i., i.c.s, /Aerober of Qouncil, /AadraS Tb'S 9olun)e 3s by Hind pern))SSion roost reSpectfutty Pedicatecf By ^bs ^utbor (Cs a bu")bte tribute of gratitude 2n5ien5io PREFACE A popular hand-book to the history, from original sources, of the Tamil people has been a want. In these essays an attempt has been made for the first time to put together the results of past researches, so as to present before the reader a complete bird's-eye view of the early history of Tamil culture and civilisation.