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Earth System Science 5 : Homework #1 (Due 4/10/2008)

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Earth System Science 5 : Homework #1 (Due 4/10/2008) Earth System Science 5 : Homework #1 (Due 4/10/2008) Name___________________________________ Student ID: ______________________________ 1) The temperature is lowest here: 6) In this atmospheric layer, the temperature is A) mesopause. B) stratosphere. relatively constant for the first 10 kilometers, then it increases: C) tropopause. D) stratopause. A) troposphere. B) mesosphere. Answer: A C) stratosphere. D) thermosphere. 2) The atmosphere is a mixture of: Answer: C A) precipitation and air. 7) According to Wien's law: B) gas molecules, small particulates, and moisture. A) the wavelength of peak radiation is proportional to temperature. C) moisture and cas molecules only. B) the Sun's energy intensity peaks in the D) particulate matter and water. visible portion of the electromagnetic Answer: B spectrum. C) wavelength is proportional to the fourth 3) A "greenhouse" works because: power of the intensity of radiation. A) all greenhouses face south and into the D) the radiation emitted from Earth must be maximum angle of solar energy. 4 micrometers or longer. B) of the difference in the solar constant. Answer: B C) the windows of the greenhouse only allow green light wavelengths to pass 8) The largest energy transfer in the solar through. spectrum occurs in the: D) short wave lengths of energy pass A) radio wave part of the spectrum. through the glass but longer ones can't. B) Infrared part of the spectrum. Answer: D C) visible part of the spectrum. D) ultraviolet part of the spectrum. 4) Albedo: E) x-ray part of the spectrum. A) is high for sand and dirt. B) is high for ice, snow and thick clouds. Answer: C C) is high for water. 9) The atmosphere: D) varies with latitude and not the various A) has not changed substantially in surfaces. composition since the earth formed over E) is the same for all geographic features. four billion years ago. Answer: B B) is more than 99 percent contained within the first 60 miles from the earth's surface. 5) The thermosphere: C) has vertical wind speeds that are typically A) is characterized by a decrease in around one-tenth that of horizontal wind temperature as height increases. speeds. B) has a low heat content. D) is about as deep as the planet is wide. C) would feel very hot to an astronaut. Answer: B D) is part of the homosphere. Answer: B 1 10) Choose the correct listing of radiation from the 13) If the Sun increased its radiative output: longest wavelengths to the shortest A) the earth would have a surplus of wavelengths: incoming radiation energy compared to A) radio, gamma rays, ultraviolet, visible, outgoing radiation energy until the Sun infrared, x-rays. finally burned itself out. B) radio, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, B) the amount of longwave energy radiated gamma rays. from Earth's surface would decrease. C) gamma rays, radio, ultraviolet, infrared, C) the earth would undergo an visible, x-rays. uncontrollable greenhouse effect. D) x-rays, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays, D) the earth would eventually reach a higher visible, radio. equilibrium temperature. Answer: B Answer: D 11) What do you notice concerning the percentage 14) The highest temperatures are typically found of permanent gasses throughout the in the: atmosphere (all levels)? A) thermosphere. B) stratosphere. A) It varies significantly only at the C) mesosphere. D) troposphere. tropopause. Answer: A B) It varies significantly from the surface up. C) It varies only in the mesosphere. 15) Ozone is found primarily in the ________ and D) It is the same throughout the atmosphere is important because of ________. from the surface up. A) mesosphere; it makes the mid-levels of Answer: D the atmosphere cold B) thermosphere; it makes the upper levels 12) The four layers of the atmosphere from the top of the atmosphere very warm down are: C) stratosphere; its interaction with A) thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, ultraviolet radiation troposphere. D) troposphere; it enhances thunderstorm B) stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, development troposphere. Answer: C C) thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere. 16) Aerosols: D) troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, A) have little effect on weather. thermosphere. B) include cloud droplets. Answer: A C) are formed by physical processes, not chemical processes. D) can be either solid or liquid. Answer: D 17) If object A is at 400 K, and object B is at 800 K, then the radiation intensity of object A will be this amount of that the radiation intensity of object B: A) one-fourth. B) one-sixteenth. C) one-half. D) one-eighth. Answer: B 2 18) This is NOT a variable gas: 22) Volcanic outgassing: A) carbon dioxide. B) argon. A) emits large amounts of water vapor. C) ozone. D) water vapor. B) emits very little carbon dioxide. Answer: B C) created the earth's first atmosphere. D) has had little effect on the earth's 19) The high levels of atmospheric nitrogen are atmosphere. due primarily to the fact that: Answer: A A) nitrogen is the major component of the gas emitted from volcanoes. 23) The troposphere: B) nitrogen is produced by many species of A) has height that is relatively consistent at bacteria. about ten kilometers. C) nitrogen has a very long residence time. B) contains a bit less than half the D) the earth is constantly bombarded by atmosphere's mass. small, house-sized comets. C) stays about the same temperature above Answer: C three kilometers. D) is characterized in part by vertical mixing 20) The Stefan-Boltzmann law: of air. A) is derived from Wien's law. Answer: D B) demonstrates that a cooler body will radiate with greater intensity than will a 24) At the theoretical Absolute Zero (Zero degrees hotter body. Kelvin), C) gives energy intensities in watts per A) all molecular motion stops. square meter. B) molecular motion is at a minimum. D) does not apply to black bodies. C) metal surfaces become totally frictionless. Answer: C D) atoms implode. Answer: A 21) The difference between the atmosphere's "permanent" gasses and "variable" gasses is that: A) permanent gasses exchange rapidly between the atmosphere and the biosphere. B) variable gasses are dependent on storms for world-wide dispersion. C) permanent gasses exhibit a constant proportion from the earth's surface to higher reaches of the atmosphere. D) variable gasses are so called because of their horizontal displacement. Answer: C 3 Answer Key Testname: HOMEOWRK.1.2008.TST 1) A 2) B 3) D 4) B 5) B 6) C 7) B 8) C 9) B 10) B 11) D 12) A 13) D 14) A 15) C 16) D 17) B 18) B 19) C 20) C 21) C 22) A 23) D 24) A 1.
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