DOCSLIB.ORG

Additional Hosts of the Parasitic Cowbirds •

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Additional Hosts of the Parasitic Cowbirds • Vol.1938 55]J FRIEDMANN,Additional Hosts ofthe Parasitic Cowbirds 41 ADDITIONAL HOSTS OF THE PARASITIC COWBIRDS • BY HERBERT FRIEDMANN IN several earlier publications('The Cowbirds,' 1929; Auk, 1936, pp. 52-65; Condor,1933, pp. 189-191; Ibis, 1934,pp. 340-347; WilsonBulletin, 1934,pp. 25-36, 104-114) I have compiledall that was known to me of the speciesof birdsacting as hostsof the variousspecies of cowbirds. Sincethe last of these, I have gatheredconsiderable additional information,based partly on unpublishedspecimens in private collectionsand partly on data gleanedfrom recentpublications. :Forinformation generously sent me, I am under great obligationto Mr. G. D. Smookerof St. Joseph,Trinidad, Sefior Jos• Caetano Sobrifiho of Arcos, Minas Geraes, Brazil, Dr. L. E. Hicks of Ohio, Dr. Paul Harringtonof Toronto,and Mr. T. E. Randall of Alberta. MOLOTHRVSBON•_m•NSm (Gmelin). ShinyCowbird To the 137 speciesand subspeciesof birdspreviously listed as vierimsof the variousraces of the Shiny Cowbird,we may now add 21 others,bringing the total up to 158. The additionsare as follows: Certhiaxiscinnaraomea cinnaraomea (Gmelin). YELLOW-THROATEDSPINE-TAIL, Phacellodomusstriaticollis striaticollis (LMresnaye •nd d'Orbigny). RUFOUS- HEADED THORN-BIRD. Anumbius anumbi (Vieillot). LE•ATERO. Elaeniafiavogasterfiavogaster(Thunberg). YELLOW-VENTEDCRESTED FLYCATCHER. Mimus saturninusfrater Itellmayr. BRAZmIANMOCKINGRIRD. Mimus gilvustobagensis Delmas. TORAGOGRACEFUL MOCKINGRIRD. Turdus chiguancoanthracinus Burmeister. SOOTYTHRUSH. Hylophilusaurantiifrons saturatus (Itellmayr). EASTERNOCHRE-FRONTED WOOD- BIRD. Ateleodacnisbicolor bicolor (Vieillot). BICOLOREDATELEODACNIS. Thraupis episcopussclateri (Berlepsch). TRImDADTANAGER. Tachyphonusrufus (Boddaert). GREATERWHITE-SHOULDERED TANAGER. Ramphoceluscarbo magnirostris Lafresnaye. LARGE-BILLEDTANAGER. Saltatorsimilis d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye. ALLIEDS•TATOR. Oryzoboruscrassirostris (Gmelin). THICK-BILLEDSEED FINCH. Myospiza humeralishumeralis (Bosc). GRASSHOttERFINCH. Poospizaassimilis Cabanis. GRAY-•HROATEDWARBLING FINCH. Coccopsisnigrigenis (Lafresnaye). BLACK-FACEDCARDINAL. Leistesmilitaris superciliaris(Bonaparte). ARGENTINERED-BREASTED MASSn- BIRD. Pseudoleistesguirahuro (Vieillot). YELLOW-BACKEDMARSH-BIRD. Icierus nigrogularistrinitatis (Harterr). TRINIDADORIOLE. Holoquiscaluslugubris lug•bris (Swainson). BOAT-TAILEDGRACKLE. Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsontan Institution. 42 F•rDMANN,Additional Hoats ofthe Parasitic Cowbirds Auk Thesehosts involve three racesof the Shiny Cowbird,as follows: 1. •VJ[oLOTITRUSBONARIENSIS BONARIENSIS (Gmelin). ArgentineShiny Cowbird Phacellodomusatriaticollis atriaticollis (Lafresnaye and d'Orbigny). A nurabiusanurabi (Vieillot). Turdus chiguancoanthracinus Burmeister. The knownhosts of thisrace of the parasitenow total 113forms. 2. •VIOLOTITRUSBONARIENSIS MELANOGYNA Stzolcman. Dark Shiny Cowbird 3/limus saturninusfrater Hellmayr. Poospizaas•imilis Cabaais. Turdus rufiventrisrufiventria Vieillot. Erabcrizoideaherbicola (Vieillot). Saltator aimilia d'Orbigny and Lafres- Sicalia pelzelni (Sclater). naye. Gnoriraopsarchopi (Vieillot). 3/lyospizahumeralis humerails (Bosc). Paeudoleiateag•lirahuro (Vieillot). Thesenine bring the known victimsof the Dark Shiny Cowbird up to eleven forms. 3. •J[OLOTHRUSBONARIENSIS MINIMUS Dalmas. Small Shiny Cowbird Certhiaxis cinnamomea cinnamomea Tachyphonusrufus (Boddaer•). (Gmelin). Ramphocelus carbo magnirostris Elaenia flavogasterflavogaster (Thun- fresnaye. berg). Oryzoboruscrassirostris (Gmelin). Mimus gilvustobagensis Dalmas. Coccopsianigrigenis (Lafresnaye). Hylophilus aurantiifrons saturatus Icterus nigrogula•'istrinitatis (Har•ert). (Hellmayr). Holoquiscalusluqub•'is lugubria (Swain- Ateleodacnisbicolor bicolor(Viciflor). son). Thraupis episcopusaclateri (Berlepsch). The list of hostsof this cowbirdis herebyraised to a total of twenty-four forms. In the followingannotated list, not only are all of the abovelisted forms taken up in greaterdetail, but alsoa few others,about whichrelatively importantadditional data have cometo hand, are brieflytreated. Certhiaxiscinnaraomea cinnamomea (Gmelin).--One record;a nest with four eggsof the Yellow-throatedSpine-tail and one of the Small Shiny Cowbird,collected in the CaroniMarshes, Trinidad, July 18, 1930, by Mr. G. D. Smooker,to whom I am indebted for this and most of the other Trinidad casesmentioned in this paper. Phacellodomusstriaticollis striatieollis (d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye).-- Pereyra(El Hornero,5: 215-219, 1933) recordsa nest of the Rufous- headedThorn-bird containing four of its own eggsand three of the Shiny Vol.1938 J FrXrDMA•,Additional Hosts ofthe Parasitic Cowbirds 43 Cowbird,from Argentina,now in the National Museumin BuenosAires. The nesthas a tube-likevestibule leading to the nestchamber; the cowbirds' eggswere in the tube and not in the chamberwhere the thorn-birds'were. Anumbiusanumbi (Vieillot).--One publishedrecord has come to my notice. Castellanos(El Hornero,5: 332, 1034) found young of the Shiny Cowbird in a nest or nestsof this speciesin the Valle de Los Reartes, Cordoba,Argentina. Pitangussulphuratus bolivianus (Lafresnaye).--According to Castellanos (El Hornero,5: 332, 1934) this large flycatcheris parasitizedby the ShinyCowbird in the Provinceof Cordoba(Valle de losReartes), Argentina. Previous records were from Tucuman and Mendoza. Elaeniaflavogaster flavogaster (Thunberg).--Belcher and Smooker(Ibis, 527, 1937) have found the Yellow-ventedCrested Flycatcher to be a molothrine victim in Trinidad. Phaeoprognetapera (Linnaeus).--In the Valle de los Rearres, Cordoba, Argentina,Castellanos (El Hornero,5: 332, 1934) found the Tree Martin to be victimizedby the Shiny Cowbird. This is the secondsuch instance known to me, the first beingGibson's record from Ajo, southernBuenos Aires (cf. 'The Cowbirds,'106-107, 1929). Mimus saturnthusfrater Hellmayr.--SefiorSobrinho informs me that in Minas Geraes,Brazil, this mockingbirdis victimizedby the Dark Shiny Cowbird. Mimus gilvustobagensis Dalmas.--Listed as a victim of the Small Shiny Cowbirdin Trinidad by Belcherand Smooker(Ibis, 527, 1937). Mimus patagonicus(Lafrcsnaye and d'Orbigny).--To the two previous recordsmay be addeda third, a nest containinga nearly fledgedShiny Cowbird,found by Renardnear the navalbase at PuertoBelgrano, Argen- tina (El Hornero, 5: 219, 1933). Turdusrufiventris rufiventris Vieillot.--The Rufous-belliedThrush has beenknown as a molothrinehost in Argentinaand Uruguay. We learnfrom Sobrinhothat it actsin this capacityin Brazil (MinasGeraes) as well for the Dark Shiny Cowbird. Turdus ch•guancoanthracinus Burmeister.--One record. Castellanos (El Hornero,5: 332, 1934) found a parasitizednest in Valle de los Rearres,Cordoba, Argentina. Turdusamaurochalinus (Cabanis).--Previously known as a molothrine victim in Tucuman Province, Argentina, it is now recordedin the same capacityfarther to the south,--at Valle de losReartes, Cordoba Province, by Castellanos(El Hornero,5: 310, 1934). Vireosylvachivi chivi (Vieillot).--The Chivi Vireo waspreviously known as a victim of the Shiny Cowbirdon the basisof three records. To these may be addeda fourth,--a nestwith no eggsof the vireoand two of M. b. 44 FRIEDMANN,Additional Hosts ofthe Parasitic Cowbirds [jAaa•' bonariensis,recorded by Pereyra (El Hornero, 5: 218, 1933) from San Isidro, Argentina. Hylophilusaurantiifrons saturatus (Hellmayr).--Two records,the data for both sent to me by G. B. Smookerwho found the nestsat Nelson's Estate, Trinidad, July 19 and 22, 1933. Each nest containedtwo eggsof the ownerand two of the Small Shiny Cowbird. Ateleodacnisbicolor bieolor (Vieillot).--Smooker writes me that he found a nestof this bird in the CaroniSwamp, Trinidad, July 18, 1932,containing two eggsof the SmallShiny Cowbird and noneof the Ateleodaenis. Thraupisepiseopus selateri (Berlepsch).--One record; a nest with two eggsof the Trinidad Tanagerand one of the Small Shiny Cowbird,St. Joseph,Trinidad, May 18, 1933, G. D. Smooker. Ramphoeelusearbo magnirostris Lafresnaye.--One record, Trinidad, G. D. Smooker(Ibis, 536-537, 1937). Pirangaflavasaira (Spix).--Accordingto Sobrinho(in lilt.) this tanager is victimizedby the Shiny Cowbird in Minas Geraes,Brazil. Previously recordedfrom thereby Skinner,possibly on the sameoriginal basis. Taehyphonusrufus (Boddaert).--Onerecord,--a nest with three eggsof this White-shoulderedTanager, containing three eggs of the ownerand one of the Small Shiny Cowbird, Nelson's Estate, Trinidad, August 4, 1930, G. D. Smooker. Saltatorsireills d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye.--SefiorSobrinho informs me that in Minas Geraes,Brazil, this saltator is victimizedby the Shiny Cow- bird. Oryzoboruscrassirostris (Gmelin).--Belcher and Smookerlist this seed finch as a molothrinehost in Trinidad (Ibis, 527, 1937). Sicdls pelzelni(Sclater).--Previously known as a hostof the Shiny Cow- bird in Uruguay and Argentina, it may now be recordedas such in the provinceof Minas Geraes,Brazil, as well, from informationreceived from Sefior Sobrinho. Sicdisflaycola holti Miller.--Holt's SaffronFinch is listedas a victim of the ShinyCowbird in Minas Geraes,Brazil, by Sobrinho(in lift.). This is the second record known to me. Myiospiza humerailshumerails (Bosc).--The GrasshopperFinch is reportedby Sobrinhoas a host of the Shiny Cowbirdin 1V•inasGeraes, Brazil. Previouslytwo otherraces of thisfinch (tucumanensis and dorsalis) were known to be parasitized. Poospizaassimilis Cabanis.--The Gray-throated Warbling Finch is reportedto be a host of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Brazil's Eastern Amazonia
    The loud and impressive White Bellbird, one of the many highlights on the Brazil’s Eastern Amazonia 2017 tour (Eduardo Patrial) BRAZIL’S EASTERN AMAZONIA 8/16 – 26 AUGUST 2017 LEADER: EDUARDO PATRIAL This second edition of Brazil’s Eastern Amazonia was absolutely a phenomenal trip with over five hundred species recorded (514). Some adjustments happily facilitated the logistics (internal flights) a bit and we also could explore some areas around Belem this time, providing some extra good birds to our list. Our time at Amazonia National Park was good and we managed to get most of the important targets, despite the quite low bird activity noticed along the trails when we were there. Carajas National Forest on the other hand was very busy and produced an overwhelming cast of fine birds (and a Giant Armadillo!). Caxias in the end came again as good as it gets, and this time with the novelty of visiting a new site, Campo Maior, a place that reminds the lowlands from Pantanal. On this amazing tour we had the chance to enjoy the special avifauna from two important interfluvium in the Brazilian Amazon, the Madeira – Tapajos and Xingu – Tocantins; and also the specialties from a poorly covered corner in the Northeast region at Maranhão and Piauí states. Check out below the highlights from this successful adventure: Horned Screamer, Masked Duck, Chestnut- headed and Buff-browed Chachalacas, White-crested Guan, Bare-faced Curassow, King Vulture, Black-and- white and Ornate Hawk-Eagles, White and White-browed Hawks, Rufous-sided and Russet-crowned Crakes, Dark-winged Trumpeter (ssp.
    [Show full text]
  • 21 Sep 2018 Lists of Victims and Hosts of the Parasitic
    version: 21 Sep 2018 Lists of victims and hosts of the parasitic cowbirds (Molothrus). Peter E. Lowther, Field Museum Brood parasitism is an awkward term to describe an interaction between two species in which, as in predator-prey relationships, one species gains at the expense of the other. Brood parasites "prey" upon parental care. Victimized species usually have reduced breeding success, partly because of the additional cost of caring for alien eggs and young, and partly because of the behavior of brood parasites (both adults and young) which may directly and adversely affect the survival of the victim's own eggs or young. About 1% of all bird species, among 7 families, are brood parasites. The 5 species of brood parasitic “cowbirds” are currently all treated as members of the genus Molothrus. Host selection is an active process. Not all species co-occurring with brood parasites are equally likely to be selected nor are they of equal quality as hosts. Rather, to varying degrees, brood parasites are specialized for certain categories of hosts. Brood parasites may rely on a single host species to rear their young or may distribute their eggs among many species, seemingly without regard to any characteristics of potential hosts. Lists of species are not the best means to describe interactions between a brood parasitic species and its hosts. Such lists do not necessarily reflect the taxonomy used by the brood parasites themselves nor do they accurately reflect the complex interactions within bird communities (see Ortega 1998: 183-184). Host lists do, however, offer some insight into the process of host selection and do emphasize the wide variety of features than can impact on host selection.
    [Show full text]
  • Spring 2019 Brooklyn Bird Club’S the Clapper Rail Spring 2019 Inside This Issue
    Spring 2019 Brooklyn Bird Club’s The Clapper Rail Spring 2019 Inside This Issue 34 Atlas Corner: 9 The Joy of Atlasing Meet the Artist: Nadir Souirgi 37 Happenings in Prospect 13 22 Park Sparks! Kettling 39 A Spin Through the 4 BBC Archives Saving the Choco 15 23 Travel Diaries: Photo Gallery: Mexico Sean Sime 41 6 The Terminal Moraine Birdathon Recap 28 Travel Diaries: Trinidad & Tobago Cover: White-eyed Vireo in Green-Wood Cemetery. Next Page: Northern Gannet at Plumb Beach. Photographs by Sean Sime. 2 The Clapper Rail Spring 2019 Editor’s Note As you read this, spring migration in the North- east is nearing its end, and our local parks that were recently filled with birdsong have grown quieter. We hope this issue, with its collection of photography and artwork from the last few months, gives you a chance to reflect on your favorite moments of the spring and provides a small dose of comfort that these birds will be passing through again before you know it. This spring has been a proud time to be a Brooklyn birder. The teams that participated in the Birdathon, as Dennis Hrehowsik and Tina Alleva describe in these pages, raised a club-record amount, matched by The Rainforest Fund, to protect dozens of acres of the low- land Chocó rainforest in Ecuador. And anecdotally, I’ve encountered more birders in Prospect Park than in previous springs, and many new faces at that. Thus, the BBC continues to spread its wings, from field trips to activism, here and much farther afield.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix, French Names, Supplement
    685 APPENDIX Part 1. Speciesreported from the A.O.U. Check-list area with insufficient evidencefor placementon the main list. Specieson this list havebeen reported (published) as occurring in the geographicarea coveredby this Check-list.However, their occurrenceis considered hypotheticalfor one of more of the following reasons: 1. Physicalevidence for their presence(e.g., specimen,photograph, video-tape, audio- recording)is lacking,of disputedorigin, or unknown.See the Prefacefor furtherdiscussion. 2. The naturaloccurrence (unrestrained by humans)of the speciesis disputed. 3. An introducedpopulation has failed to becomeestablished. 4. Inclusionin previouseditions of the Check-listwas basedexclusively on recordsfrom Greenland, which is now outside the A.O.U. Check-list area. Phoebastria irrorata (Salvin). Waved Albatross. Diornedeairrorata Salvin, 1883, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 430. (Callao Bay, Peru.) This speciesbreeds on Hood Island in the Galapagosand on Isla de la Plata off Ecuador, and rangesat seaalong the coastsof Ecuadorand Peru. A specimenwas takenjust outside the North American area at Octavia Rocks, Colombia, near the Panama-Colombiaboundary (8 March 1941, R. C. Murphy). There are sight reportsfrom Panama,west of Pitias Bay, Dari6n, 26 February1941 (Ridgely 1976), and southwestof the Pearl Islands,27 September 1964. Also known as GalapagosAlbatross. ThalassarchechrysosWma (Forster). Gray-headed Albatross. Diornedeachrysostorna J. R. Forster,1785, M6m. Math. Phys. Acad. Sci. Paris 10: 571, pl. 14. (voisinagedu cerclepolaire antarctique & dansl'Ocean Pacifique= Isla de los Estados[= StatenIsland], off Tierra del Fuego.) This speciesbreeds on islandsoff CapeHorn, in the SouthAtlantic, in the southernIndian Ocean,and off New Zealand.Reports from Oregon(mouth of the ColumbiaRiver), California (coastnear Golden Gate), and Panama(Bay of Chiriqu0 are unsatisfactory(see A.O.U.
    [Show full text]
  • Southeastern Brazil: Best of the Atlantic Forest
    SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL: BEST OF THE ATLANTIC FOREST OCTOBER 8–22, 2017 A trip first, the rarely seen Buff-fronted Owl – Photo: Andrew Whittaker LEADER : ANDREW WHITTAKER LIST COMPILED BY : ANDREW WHITTAKER VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS , INC . 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE , SUITE 1003 AUSTIN , TEXAS 78746 WWW .VENTBIRD .COM SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL: BEST OF THE ATLANTIC FOREST OCTOBER 8–22, 2017 By Andrew Whittaker Once again, our Brazilian flagship tour visiting the lovely southeast rocked, delivering a bonanza of Atlantic Forest endemics, spectacular scenery, all-around great birding, and wonderful Brazilian cuisine that we have come to expect from this fantastic biologically rich region. First and foremost we tallied 391 species , a whopping 140 of which were regional and/or Brazilian endemics! These figures become all the more impressive when you consider that many of the wider ranging species not included as “endemics” in the preceding tallies are represented in southeast Brazil by distinctive subspecies endemic to the Atlantic Forest region, and that at least 15–25 of these subspecies that we recorded during our tours are likely to be elevated to separate species status in the near future! Beginning in São Paulo, our first destination was Intervales State Park, my own personal favorite among the many great birding spots included in our southeast Brazil trip. Intervales never fails to deliver a huge serving of Atlantic Forest endemics and just plain fantastic birding experiences, and such was the case again this trip. We began the first evening with one of my personal highlights, the fabulous and incredibly cooperative male Long-trained Nightjar . In fact, the male Long-trained Nightjars put on a show for us on two consecutive nights, treating us to multiple close passes, with two males chasing each other just above our heads.
    [Show full text]
  • AOS Classification Committee – North and Middle America Proposal Set 2018-B 17 January 2018
    AOS Classification Committee – North and Middle America Proposal Set 2018-B 17 January 2018 No. Page Title 01 02 Split Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus into four species 02 05 Restore Canada Jay as the English name of Perisoreus canadensis 03 13 Recognize two genera in Stercorariidae 04 15 Split Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus) into two species 05 19 Split Pseudobulweria from Pterodroma 06 25 Add Tadorna tadorna (Common Shelduck) to the Checklist 07 27 Add three species to the U.S. list 08 29 Change the English names of the two species of Gallinula that occur in our area 09 32 Change the English name of Leistes militaris to Red-breasted Meadowlark 10 35 Revise generic assignments of woodpeckers of the genus Picoides 11 39 Split the storm-petrels (Hydrobatidae) into two families 1 2018-B-1 N&MA Classification Committee p. 280 Split Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus into four species Effect on NACC: This proposal would change the species circumscription of Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus by splitting it into four species. The form that occurs in the NACC area is nominate pacificus, so the current species account would remain unchanged except for the distributional statement and notes. Background: The Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus was until recently (e.g., Chantler 1999, 2000) considered to consist of four subspecies: pacificus, kanoi, cooki, and leuconyx. Nominate pacificus is highly migratory, breeding from Siberia south to northern China and Japan, and wintering in Australia, Indonesia, and Malaysia. The other subspecies are either residents or short distance migrants: kanoi, which breeds from Taiwan west to SE Tibet and appears to winter as far south as southeast Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • Machu Picchu & Abra Malaga, Peru II 2018 BIRDS
    Field Guides Tour Report Machu Picchu & Abra Malaga, Peru II 2018 Oct 5, 2018 to Oct 14, 2018 Jesse Fagan For our tour description, itinerary, past triplists, dates, fees, and more, please VISIT OUR TOUR PAGE. Our hike to the ridge above Abra Malaga couldn't have been more magical. Cerro Veronica in the background and feeding alpaca in the foreground, that is the Andes in Peru. Video grab by guide Jesse Fagan. I hope that you found Peru to be overwhelmingly beautiful. The food, the people, the Andes, the humid forest, Machu Picchu, and, of course, the birds. Indeed, this is my second home, and so I hope you felt welcomed here and decide to return soon. Peru is big (really big!) and there is much, much more to see. The birding was very good and a few highlights stood out for everyone. These included Andean Motmot, Pearled Treerunner, Plumbeous Rail, Versicolored Barbet, and Spectacled Redstart. However, a majority of the group thought seeing Andean Condors, well, in the Andes (!) was pretty darn cool. Black-faced Ibis feeding in plowed fields against Huaypo lake was a memory for a few others. I was glad to see one of my favorite birds stood out, the shocking Bearded Mountaineer (plus, maybe I am just partial to the "bearded" part). But you couldn't beat Andean Cock-of-the-Rock for shock value and the female on a nest was something you don't see everyday. Thanks to our team of drivers, and Lucrecia, our informative and always pleasant local guide. I hope to see you again soon.
    [Show full text]
  • Colombia: Bogota, Eastern Andes and the Magdalena Valley
    COLOMBIA: BOGOTA, EASTERN ANDES AND THE MAGDALENA VALLEY FEBRUARY 25–MARCH 11, 2020 Red-rumped Bush-Tyrant. Photo: S. Hilty LEADERS: STEVE HILTY & DIEGO CUERVO LIST COMPILED BY: STEVE HILTY VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM COLOMBIA: BOGOTA, EASTERN ANDES AND THE MAGDALENA VALLEY February 25–March 11, 2020 By Steve Hilty Sumapaz National Park, Colombia. Photo S. Hilty With all the traffic in Bogotá, a bustling city of more than eight million people, it may have seemed initially that birding in Colombia was as much about how to get in and out of the city as birding, but our days afield soon dispelled that notion. Despite the traffic and immense number of trucks and buses, Leonardo, our driver, was one of the best and most efficient I’ve ever had in negotiating Colombian roads and traffic. We began birding at Laguna Tabacal, a quiet (during weekdays) rural lake and wooded area about an hour and a half west of Bogotá and at considerably lower elevation. This is an excellent place for an introduction to commoner Colombia birds of lower montane elevations. Among these were flycatchers, wrens, and several kinds of tanagers, as well as such specialties as Moustached Puffbird and Speckle-breasted Wren, and later a blizzard of hummingbirds at the Jardín Encantado, before returning to Bogotá. We followed this opening day with visits to two high elevation sites, first Chingaza National Park and then to Sumapaz National Park. Both sites are floristically unique, landscapes all or mostly above treeline, and in many ways so otherwordly as to be beyond description.
    [Show full text]
  • Peru: Manu Biosphere Reserve September 3–18, 2019
    PERU: MANU BIOSPHERE RESERVE SEPTEMBER 3–18, 2019 Red-and-green Macaw. Ara chloropterus. Photo: D. Ascanio. LEADERS: DAVID ASCANIO & PERCY AVENDAÑO LIST COMPILED BY: DAVID ASCANIO VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM PERU: MANU BIOSPHERE RESERVE SEPTEMBER 3–18, 2019 By David Ascanio Photo album: https://flic.kr/s/aHsmHnbkJg When I started writing the Field Report for this amazing tour, I was on my flight back home. And, as I was enjoying the view from the plane’s window, I was wondering how to start an introductory paragraph highlighting the best experiences and birds of our Manu Biosphere Reserve tour. I found it to be a difficult task, not only because we came across an impressive number of habitats, but also because we saw so many wonderful birds! As I was still on that international flight, it didn’t take me long to figure out that I should, instead, divide this Field Report into four major areas and describe the amazing experiences and wonderful birds we enjoyed in each one. With that in mind, here we go! THE HIGH ANDES – PUNA Once we landed in Cusco, and after a wonderful breakfast, our tour started in the Huarcapay Lagoon, where 3 individuals of the rarely encountered Chilean Flamingo were observed. Here, we also saw Puna, Yellow-billed and Cinnamon teals, Spot-winged Pigeon, a vocal Plumbeous Rail, the beautiful White-tufted Grebe, several Andean Gulls, the secretive Rusty-fronted Canastero (endemic to Peru), and the Rufous-naped Ground-Tyrant, which is easily camouflaged by its gravel color.
    [Show full text]
  • The Birds of Serra Da Canastra National Park and Adjacent Areas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
    COT/NGA 10 The birds of Serra da Canastra National Park and adjacent areas, Minas Gerais, Brazil Lufs Fabio Silveira E apresentada uma listagem da avifauna do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra e regi6es pr6ximas, e complementada corn observac;:6es realizadas por outros autores. Sao relatadas algumas observac;:6es sobre especies ameac;:adas ou pouco conhecidas, bem como a extensao de distribuic;:ao para outras. Introduction corded with photographs or tape-recordings, using Located in the south-west part of Minas Gerais a Sony TCM 5000EV and Sennheiser ME 66 direc­ state, south-east Brazil, Serra da Canastra Na­ tional microphone. Tape-recordings are deposited 8 9 tional Park (SCNP, 71,525 ha , 20°15'S 46°37'W) is at Arquivo Sonora Elias Pacheco Coelho, in the regularly visited by birders as it is a well-known Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil area in which to see cerrado specialities and a site (ASEC). for Brazilian Merganser Mergus octosetaceus. How­ A problem with many avifaunal lists concerns ever, Forrester's6 checklist constitutes the only the evidence of a species' presence in a given area. major compilation ofrecords from the area. Here, I Many species are similar in plumage and list the species recorded at Serra da Canastra Na­ vocalisations, resulting in identification errors and tional Park and surrounding areas (Appendix 1), making avifaunal lists the subject of some criti­ 1 with details of threatened birds and range exten­ cism . Several ornithologists or experienced birders sions for some species. have presented such lists without specifying the evidence attached to each record-in many cases Material and methods it is unknown if a species was tape-recorded, or a The dominant vegetation of Serra da Canastra specimen or photograph taken.
    [Show full text]
  • Manu Expeditions Birding Tours
    MANU EXPEDITIONS BIRDING TOURS Ph Photo Collin Campbell [email protected] www.Birding-In-Peru.com Marvellous Spatuletail – Gary Rosenberg A TRIP REPORT FOR A BIRDING TRIP TO THE MARAÑON ENDEMIC BIRD AREA, PERU. June 9-18 2011 Trip Leader and report redaction: Barry Walker With: Frank Hamilton, Stuart Housden, Tim Stowe, Ruaraidh Hamilton, Ian Darling, Andy Bunten and Colin Campbell A shortened more relaxed version of our North Peru tour and we had to rush a little bit but despite unusual rains for this time of year at Abra Patricia and low flock activity there we managed to see a wide variety of the special birds of this endemic area including 40 species of Hummingbirds most seen very well at feeding stations, record 28 true Peruvian endemic and 14 other range restricted species including several near endemics. Acomodations ranged from waterless basics in Celendin to luxury Spa’s in Cajamarca and a lot of good craic was had along the way. Thanks for the Noble Snipe! DAY BY DAY ACTIVITIES June 8th: Arrive in Lima June 9th: Flight to Tarapoto and onto Abra Patricia. On arrival we met our drivers Walter and Mario and our, essential, field chef Aurelio. We then drove towards Moyobamba where we had a late lunch where we saw a group of 50+ Oilbird roosting near the road!! Night Owlet Lodge 2200 meters, Department of San Martin. June 10th -11th: Two full days at the American Bird Conservancy sponsored Long -whiskered Owlet Lodge We spent our time between walking trails and birding the roadside at different elevations between the pass at 2200 meters down to 900 meters and everything in between.
    [Show full text]
  • Eastern Slope of the Andes
    ECUADOR: EASTERN SLOPE OF THE ANDES JANUARY 15–25, 2019 SAN ISIDRO MYSTERY OWL © MELISSA HAFTING LEADER: PAUL J. GREENFIELD LIST COMPILED BY: PAUL J. GREENFIELD VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM ECUADOR: EASTERN SLOPE OF THE ANDES JANUARY 15–25, 2019 By Paul Greenfield ANTISANA VOLCANO © PAUL J. GREENFIELD Although all regions of the world hold their own relatively finite biodiversity, our east slope ‘adventure’ certainly did not appear to fit that mold; it kind of felt like the possibilities could be limitless! Only time and the serendipitous nature of birding, especially in the Neotropics, ultimately defined our limitations. We experienced a lot along the way while we were faced, at the same time, with a somewhat expected and even unexpected degree of challenges. The surprising unseasonally rainy and, at times, cold and windy conditions that we were met with certainly imposed their impact… we even got kind of rained out one morning. But as is characteristic of tiny Ecuador, as we moved only short distances from site-to-site, conditions changed, often dramatically, and with them bird diversity changed as well, while new opportunities presented themselves at every turn—constantly keeping us on our toes. We explored suburban gardens, rural agricultural areas, páramo woodland and grassland, barren high- elevation slopes, elfin forest, temperate and subtropical rain and cloud forest, and rich Amazonian foothill forest and edge along roadsides and densely vegetated trails. We sat among dozens of frenetic hummingbirds and peered out to revel in an impressive Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 2 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 show as secretive understory denizens exposed themselves unabashedly as they came in close to pick-off moths that had been attracted to a strong light that illuminated the forest during the night.
    [Show full text]