: EASTERN SLOPE OF THE

JANUARY 15–25, 2019

SAN ISIDRO MYSTERY OWL © MELISSA HAFTING

LEADER: PAUL J. GREENFIELD LIST COMPILED BY: PAUL J. GREENFIELD

VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM

ECUADOR: EASTERN SLOPE OF THE ANDES JANUARY 15–25, 2019 By Paul Greenfield

ANTISANA VOLCANO © PAUL J. GREENFIELD Although all regions of the world hold their own relatively finite biodiversity, our east slope ‘adventure’ certainly did not appear to fit that mold; it kind of felt like the possibilities could be limitless! Only time and the serendipitous nature of birding, especially in the Neotropics, ultimately defined our limitations. We experienced a lot along the way while we were faced, at the same time, with a somewhat expected and even unexpected degree of challenges. The surprising unseasonally rainy and, at times, cold and windy conditions that we were met with certainly imposed their impact… we even got kind of rained out one morning. But as is characteristic of tiny Ecuador, as we moved only short distances from site-to-site, conditions changed, often dramatically, and with them diversity changed as well, while new opportunities presented themselves at every turn—constantly keeping us on our toes. We explored suburban gardens, rural agricultural areas, páramo woodland and grassland, barren high- elevation slopes, elfin , temperate and subtropical rain and cloud forest, and rich Amazonian foothill forest and edge along roadsides and densely vegetated trails. We sat among dozens of frenetic hummingbirds and peered out to revel in an impressive

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 2 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 show as secretive understory denizens exposed themselves unabashedly as they came in close to pick-off moths that had been attracted to a strong light that illuminated the forest during the night. We sat patiently at feeder stations where generally rarely seen could be enjoyed so effortlessly.

We initiated our birding at a rather unsuspecting ‘cul-de-sac’ in the interAndean valley just east of the city of Quito where we encountered Southern Beardless-Tyrannulets, Vermilion Flycatchers, Tropical Kingbird, Blue-gray and Scrub , and Golden Grosbeak along with several additional species. We then took a country side road in a more agricultural area a bit farther to the east where we found a surprisingly friendly Azara’s Spinetail, a pair of Tufted Tit-Tyrants, a Tennessee Warbler, Cinereous Conebills, a cooperative pair of Blue-and-yellow Tanagers, Rusty and Black , and a male Band-tailed Seedeater among other goodies. Continuing onward, we traveled the ‘old’ Papallacta Road where we came upon a pair of Carunculated Caracaras foraging in a plowed field, and had close looks at an Andean Tit-Spinetail, a Many-striped Canastero, and a Viridian Metaltail. We then made a brief stop at Papallacta Lake where we observed a pair of Neotropic Cormorants, Andean and Blue-winged teals, Yellow-billed Pintail, and a Spotted Sandpiper.

By midday, we had reached Guango Lodge where we enjoyed a field lunch amidst a swirl of hummingbirds: Sparkling Violetears, Tourmaline Sunangels, Speckled Hummingbirds, our first Long-tailed Sylphs, Collared Incas, a wonderful male Sword- billed Hummingbird, Buff-tailed and Chestnut-breasted coronets, and a pair of White- bellied Woodstars. We took some time to walk the grounds a bit, exploring forest edge and a trail down to and along the torrent Río Papallacta; species we ‘picked-up’ included Crimson-mantled Woodpecker, Olive-backed Woodcreeper, Pearled Treerunner, White-banded and Torrent tyrannulets, Rufous-breasted Flycatcher, Smoke-colored Pewee, Black Phoebe, Turquoise , White-capped Dipper, Blackburnian and Black-crested warblers, Spectacled Whitestarts (Redstarts), Black- capped Hemispingus, Hooded and Blue-winged mountain-tanagers, Blue-and-black , Masked , Gray-hooded Bush-Tanager, and Slaty, Yellow- breasted, and Pale-naped brushfinches, along with (Northern) Mountain-Caciques. By mid-afternoon we had departed from this impressive site, stopping briefly just a couple of seconds farther downslope to catch another mixed-species foraging flock, adding at least a White-tailed Tyrannulet for our day’s tally; a Broad-winged Hawk and White- throated Quail-Dove were also spotted en route as we headed to our destination— Cabañas San Isidro—arriving in time to settle in and do just a little birding before our first official checklist session and dinner. As could be expected, after all this is Ecuador,

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 3 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019

Sword-billed Hummingbird © Melissa Hafting the “hummers-were-a’hummin,” and we were quickly engulfed by several of the same species we had found at Guango, with the addition of Fawn-breasted Brilliant; our first Inca (Green) Jays showed up, as did a Glossy-black Thrush, and our first Black-eared Hemispingus that over the next few days would become a surprisingly common sight, even right from the deck!

The following two days were spent exploring San Isidro and its surroundings. Our first early morning was spent right around the lodge where we enjoyed exceptionally close looks at Montane Woodcreeper, Cinnamon Flycatcher, a lovely pair of Flavescent Flycatchers, Pale-edged and Golden-crowned flycatchers, Black-billed Peppershrike, Brown-capped , Inca Jays galore, Canada Warblers, Slate-throated Whitestart, Summer Tanager, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Russet-backed Oropendola, and Subtropical (Scarlet-rumped) Caciques. We then explored the Las Caucheras Road (that runs past Cabañas San Isidro) where we encountered, among many species, a pair of the special Torrent Ducks; Southern Lapwings; Golden-headed Quetzal; Masked Trogons; Southern Emerald (White-throated) Toucanet; Red-billed Parrots; Scaly-naped Amazons; Rufous-crowned Tody-Flycatcher; Green-and-black Fruiteater; Plain-tailed and Mountain wrens; Beryl-spangled, Saffron-crowned, and Flame-faced tanagers; Capped Conebill; ; and Common Chlorospingus (Bush-Tanager).

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 4 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 At the feeders we found Bronzy Inca and a female Gorgeted Woodstar. After dinner we closed out the day by finally locating the San Isidro Mystery Owl —a yet-to-be specifically identified owl (closely related to the Amazonian lowland Black-banded Owl) due to its tiny and apparently totally isolated range. The following morning brought us to a nearby area at a somewhat lower elevation along the Vinillos Road where we located Sickle-winged Guans, a beautiful male Crested Quetzal, Smoky-brown Woodpecker, Speckle-faced/White-capped Parrots, more Scaly-naped Amazons, a Rusty-winged Barbtail, more excellent looks at Rufous-crowned Tody-Flycatcher, Handsome Flycatcher, the local Dusky Piha, and our first eastern race Blue-gray Tanagers among the many species we came across. On our return to our lodge, we stopped at the village of Cosanga where we watched another family of Torrent Ducks. Among the species we noted in the afternoon, on our return along the Las Caucheras Road, were Sulphur- bellied Tyrannulet and Black-capped Tanager.

Our final morning at San Isidro brought rain—that unseasonal rain mentioned earlier— and after a rather uneventful half-day, except for repeated great views of a few ‘old friends’ including even better looks at Black-billed Peppershrike, a rather shy White- bellied for those who had the patience to wait-it-out, and some mixed-species flock activity—we headed for our second destination, located in the Amazonian foothills. A few pointed stops en route resulted in sightings of Swallow-tailed Kite, Squirrel Cuckoo, Cliff Flycatcher, and a couple of noisy Violaceous Jays; at the Río Hollín, we checked out some nectar feeders to the tune-of White-tailed Hillstar, Fork-tailed Woodnymph, Many-spotted Hummingbird, and Golden-tailed Sapphire, while Red- headed Barbet and Yellow-browed Sparrow also showed up. Farther along, as we turned onto the entrance road to our Wildsumaco Lodge, we spotted a few species of interest including Yellow-tufted Woodpecker, a small band of Maroon-tailed Parakeets, Western Wood-Pewee, Silver-beaked Tanager, and a pair of Yellow-rumped Caciques. Upon arrival at Wildsumaco, we settled in and headed outright for the ample deck, with its panoramic views and nectar feeders buzzing with Wire-crested Thorntails, Peruvian (Booted) Racket-tails, Rufous-vented Whitetip, and Black-throated and Violet-fronted brilliants, along with a couple of Violet-headed Hummingbirds that concentrated on nearby flowering Verbena shrubs.

Wildsumaco Lodge offered up several memorable highlights—their two nectar feeding stations, of course; the incredible bright light and white sheet they set up right by the rooms; and their forest worm feeding station…all set the stage (or stages) for really seeing some normally scarcely encountered species with the most unbelievable point- blank views one could ever hope for. What a thrill to be able to enjoy amazing close-ups of Coppery-chested Jacamar; White-chested Puffbirds; Lined Antshrike; Plain Antvireos; Yellow-breasted Antwren; Peruvian Warbling-; White-backed Fire-eyes; Black- faced Antbirds; Chestnut-crowned ; Montane, Buff-fronted, and Lineated

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 5 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 foliage-gleaners; Black-billed Treehunter; White-breasted Wood-Wrens (even singing!); and Musician Wren (even singing!); we also saw a Ruddy Quail-Dove and a female Blackish along with Short-crested and Golden-crowned flycatchers. At the forest worm feeding station, we watched a pair of Ochre-breasted , Spotted Nightingale-Thrush, and Gray-cheeked Thrush; Plain-backed Antpitta, White-crowned , and Short-tailed Antthrush were seen by part of our group who made a second visit the following afternoon. The nectar feeders brought on some new additions to our growing hummingbird list, including a subadult male White-necked Jacobin, Green Hermit, a female Black-throated Mango, Brown Violetear, stunning Gould’s Jewelfronts, and Napo Sabrewing. Other noteworthy species observed during our Wildsumaco stay included White-chinned Swift, Gilded Barbet, Many-banded Araçari, Golden-collared Toucanets, Yellow-throated (Black-mandibled) and Channel-billed toucans, Lafresnaye’s Piculet, Lineated and Crimson-crested woodpeckers, Blue- headed Parrot, and Chestnut-fronted Macaws. Additionally, Equadorian Piedtail; Rufous-rumped Antwren; Spotted Barbtail; Streaked Xenops; Dark-breasted Spinetail; Olive-striped, Slaty-capped, and Ornate flycatchers; Golden-faced and (the rare and local) Red-billed Tyrannulet; Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant; Masked Tityra; White- crowned Manakin; Andean Cock-of-the-rock; Olivaceous and Rufous-naped greenlets; Red-eyed/Chivi Vireo; Black-billed Thrush; Black-and-white and Cerulean warblers; Tropical Parula; along with , White-lined, Yellow-bellied, Spotted, Blue-necked, Paradise (wow!), Bay-headed, Green-and-gold, and Golden (only 2!) tanagers; many now non-tanager Scarlet and Summer tanagers; Purple and Green honeycreepers; Yellow-bellied Seedeater; and Yellow-throated Chlorospingus.

Our departure from this exceptional site took us back upslope, retracing, in part, our steps as we ascended in elevation to eventually arrive back in the colder (cold might be a better word?) high temperate zone. As we first headed down the Wildsumaco entrance road, spotting a fast-flying Bat Falcon on the way, we stopped at a large stand of Guadua where we were able to call in a challenging-to-see Large-headed Flatbill; shortly after reaching the main paved Loreto Road, we came upon three Black Caracaras and a fledgling Sickle-winged Guan (thanks to Melissa’s sharp eyes!); at a rest-stop farther on, Ilya brought our attention to a stoicly sedentary adult Fasciated Tiger-Heron while a Southern Rough-winged Swallow perched nearby and a beautiful male Black-throated Mango ‘chopstick’-fed on a cloud of gnats. We then eventually took a detour along a less traveled side road to enjoy our packed field lunch and to search out any we could come upon. Being midday, activity was understandably slow, but among the species we did encounter were two crowd pleasers—Golden-eared and Orange-eared tanagers as part of a rather fast-moving mixed-species foraging flock; also an endearing threesome of busy Lafresnaye’s Piculets were enjoyed by all. We made a brief visit to the town of Baeza where we ended up enjoying a coffee break and some feeder action at a local café—close views of Tawny-bellied Hermit, Collared

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 6 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Incas, another White-tailed Hillstar, Violet-fronted brilliants, Palm Tanager, Bananaquits, and a family of Subtropical Caciques were among the critters that entertained us. We reached our lodge—Las Termas de Papallacta—in time to begin to familiarize ourselves with at least a few of the species that inhabit this intriguing region: a male Viridian Metaltail and two battling Shining Sunbeams come to mind.

Las Termas, with its soothing thermal baths, is set in the high-Andean temperate zone where we explored elfin forest and nearby páramo-zone habitats. We ventured up above Las Termas in search of mixed-species foraging flocks with some mixed fortune. The weather was perfect—overcast, with even some fog, the air was still—as we drove up-slope and came upon an active mixed flock with Pearled Treerunners, a pair of Agile Tit-Tyrants, a marvelous Scarlet-bellied Mountain-Tanager, Blue-backed Conebills, and a . We eventually initiated a slow descent on foot, marveling as two Great Sapphirewings skyrocketed about…and eventually came across a band of Black-backed Bush-Tanagers and Pale-naped Brushfinches among a few additional species. As we descended, the winds picked up, and three White-throated Tyrannulets and a Buff-winged Starfrontlet were seen. We took an afternoon excursion to the 13,000 ft. Papallacta Pass and even higher to 14,000 ft. to search, albeit somewhat unsuccessfully amidst incredible ‘gale’ winds, for the Rufous-bellied Seedsnipe, which we heard briefly but could not manage to see. As we descended, a Blue-mantled Thornbill and Chestnut-winged and Stout-billed Cinclodes were seen, all foraging on the ground…lower down we scanned a marshy wetland with Andean Teal and Yellow-billed Pintails. Back around Las Termas we located a pair of Tyrian Metaltails (definitely being outnumbered by the Viridians here), Mountain Velvetbreast (seen by Melissa), Mountain Wrens, White-capped Dippers (observed by Juan and Wayne), Spectacled Whitestarts, and Cinereous Conebills.

The following morning, our last, we made one final dawn visit to the elfin forest above Las Termas before heading on to our final destination. We spotted at least 8 Band- winged Nightjars along the road as we ascended in the dark; and a bit later as we were running out of time, a ‘pile’ of birds flew high above, over the road and downslope; as we hurried over to get a look, we were able to focus on a Rainbow-bearded Thornbilll, a nice Buff-breasted Mountain-Tanager (often a skulker!), more Black-backed Bush- Tanagers, and Pale-naped Brushfinches along with other species before they disappeared. After breakfast and packing up, we headed off to Antisana National Park. A brief roadside stop below the town of Pintag afforded us great looks at two Golden Grosbeaks. Higher up in elevation, the broad, open páramo and the Park Guard Station at this site produced an ample diversity of species—we drove along and jumped out of the van countless times to enjoy Andean Lapwings, a band of Black-faced (Andean) Ibis, Variable Hawks, Andean Gulls, sixty or so Carunculated Caracaras, Tawny Antpitta, more and closer studies of Chestnut-winged and Stout-billed cinclodes,

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 7 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Andean Tit-Spinetails, a pair of close-up Páramo (Plain-capped) Ground-Tyrants, Plumbeous Sierra-Finches, at least two Páramo Pipits, and Plain-colored Seedeater…and even a close-up Culpeo Fox. Along a forested stream we found at least one male Ecuadorian Hillstar (in addition, we encountered a few females, including one with its nestling), a Grass (Sedge) Wren, and two Black-winged Ground-Doves. Laguna La Mica offered views of a couple more Andean Teals, a Yellow-billed Pintail, several Andean Ducks, Silvery Grebe, and a ton of Slate-colored Coots. Our initial stop and then lunch at Tambo Condor were very productive—scope views of a nestling Andean Condor (five or six adults were seen soaring about the area as well), and the feeders, which were surprisingly inactive this trip, did eventually cough up a male Black- tailed Trainbearer, Shining Sunbeam, and a Tyrian Metaltail. Just as we returned there for a really delicious lunch, a Giant Hummingbird decided to pose for us obligingly on an electric wire, and …we wrapped it all up with a very satisfying bout, finally observing an active Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle nest…a very special way to close-out a very special adventure—none of which would have been possible if not for such a congenial and enjoyable group of birders! Thank you all!

Gorgeted Woodstar © Paul J. Greenfield

ITINERARY:

January 15: Arrival in Quito (overnight at Hotel Quito) January 16: Quito to Cabañas San Isidro; birding stops at Cununyacu and Sigsipamba (Pifo) side-road, drive along the ‘old’ Papallacta road; Midday at Guango Lodge (overnight at Cabañas San Isidro)

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 8 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 January 17: San Isidro all day: early morning birding the grounds; late morning and afternoon birding along the Las Caucheras Eco-corridor road (overnight at Cabañas San Isidro) January 18: Morning along the Vinillos entrance road (Antisana National Park); stop at Cosanga to look over the river; afternoon along the Las Caucheras Eco-corridor road (overnight at Cabañas San Isidro) January 19: Morning basically rained-out at Cabañas San Isidro; afternoon drive to Wildsumaco with stops at Río Hollín and along the Sumaco entrance road (overnight at Wildsumaco) January 20: Wildsumaco and surroundings all day; light, forest and deck feeders; afternoon along Coopman’s Trail (overnight at Wildsumaco) January 21: Wildsumaco all day: morning at light and along F.A.C.E. trail; midday at the lodge; afternoon along lower entrance road and Coopman’s Trail (overnight at Wildsumaco) January 22: Early morning birding the light at Wildsumaco; then departure towards Las Termas de Papallacta; birding the entrance and Loreto roads, the Huacamayo Ridge along the ‘Borja Loop’ and Baeza, continuing on to Las Termas (overnight at Las Termas de Papallacta) January 23: Las Termas de Papallacta: morning in elfin forest along the upper road and around the grounds; afternoon drive to 14,000 ft above Papallacta Pass—incredibly windy. (overnight at Las Termas de Papallacta) January 24: Pre-dawn drive up along upper road above Las Termas; drive to Antisana NP (high paramo and Laguna de Mica) with stops at Polylepis woodland en route to Papallacta Pass and ‘Tambo Condor’ Restaurant (where we later had lunch). Return to Quito for our final checklist session and fairwell dinner (overnight at Hotel Quito) January 25: Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes Tour ends…

BIRDS:

KEY: H = heard only Bold = special sightings ♂ = male ♀ = female

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 9 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019

GOLDEN -COLLARED TOUCANET © PAUL J. GREENFIELD CU = Cununyacu SP = Sigsipamba Road PAP = Papallacta Pass region (paramo zone) GL = Guango Lodge SI = San Isidro LC = Las Caucheras Eco-corridor V = Vinillos CR = Cosanga River HR = Huacamayo Ridge HO = Hollín Bridge area LR = Loreto Road WS = Wildsumaco Lodge/foothills

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 10 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 BL = Borja loop B = Baeza (inlcuding coffee shop) TP = Las Termas de Papallacta/elfin forest ANT = Antisana National Park TC = Tambo Condor Restaurant

Torrent Duck © Paul J. Greenfield

DUCKS, GEESE & WATERFOWL: ANATIDAE Torrent Duck (Merganetta armata )—A pair seen from bridge along LC; a family threesome were encountered at CR Yellow-billed Pintail (Anas georgica )—3 seen briefly at PAP lagoon; 2 seen at PAP wetland; and 1 more at ANT (la Mica) Blue-winged Teal ( Anas discors )—2 of this boreal migrant encountered at PAP lagoon Andean Teal (Anas andinum )—3 seen at PAP lagoon; 3 or so at PAP wetland, and at least 2 at ANT (La Mica) Andean (Ruddy-) Duck ( Oxyura ferruginea )—at least 9-10 were seen at ANT (La Mica)

GUANS, CHACHALACAS & CURRASSOWS: CRACIDAE Wattled Guan ( aburria aburri )—H at SI and WS Sickle-winged Guan (Chamaepetes goudotii )—3 seen along LC; another 1 along HR; a very young bird was seen along the LR

GREBES: PODICIPEDIDAE Silvery Grebe (Podiceps occipitalis )—2 were seen at ANT (La Mica) CORMORANTS & SHAGS: PHALACROCORACIDAE Neotropic Cormorant ( Phalacrocorax brasilianus )—A pair was seen at PAP lagoon HERONS, EGRETS & BITTERNS: ARDEIDAE

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 11 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Fasciated Tiger-Heron (Tigrisoma fasciatum )—1 male was seen along the LR, along the river near our ‘rest-stop’

IBISES & SPOONBILLS: THRESKIORNITHIDAE Black-faced Ibis (Theristicus melanopis branickii )—Some 13 or so seen well in páramo grassland at ANT

NEW WORLD VULTURES: CATHARTIDAE Black Vulture (Coragyps atratus )—Seen (low numbers this trip) on four days ; most common en route to and from ANT Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura )—1-2 seen on only four days Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus )—1 chick seen on its nest from TC; about 6 adults in flight also from TC and ANT

HAWKS, EAGLES & KITES: ACCIPITRIDAE Gray-headed Kite (Leptodon cayanensis )—1 soaring bird was seen at WS Swallow-tailed Kite (Elanoides forficatus )—5-6 seen on three days at HO and WS area Roadside Hawk (Rupornis magnirostris )—Between1-4 seen on five days; SI and WS areas mainly (including V and LR) Variable Hawk (Geranoaetus polyosoma)—Formally aka Puna Hawk ( G. poecilochrous ); recently moved from Buteo . At least 2 were seen at ANT; both were light phase individuals Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle (Geranoaetus melanoleucus )—Fantastic finale to a great trip! An active nest was observed/scoped from TC Broad-winged Hawk (Buteo platypterus )—10 in all seen on four days; mostly in the SI- V area

RAILS, GALLINULES & COOTS: RALLIDAE Slate-colored (Andean) Coot (Fulica ardesiaca )—Abundant at ANT (La Mica Lagoon)

PLOVERS & LAPWINGS: CHARADRIIDAE Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis )—Up to 4 or so seen along LC on three visits Andean Lapwing (Vanellus resplendens )— 2 or so seen on páramo grassland at ANT

SANDPIPERS & ALLIES: SCOLOPACIDAE Spotted Sandpiper ( Actitis macularius )—Singles seen along rivers at GL and CR

GULLS, TERNS & SKIMMERS: LARIDAE Andean Gull (Chroicocephalus serranus )—25 or so seen in páramo grassland at ANT

PIGEONS & DOVES: COLUMBIDAE Rock Pigeon (Columba livia )—9 or so, only, at the town of Pintag en route to ANT Band-tailed Pigeon (Patagioenas fasciata )—Only 3 were seen in flight along the HR Plumbeous Pigeon (Patagioenas plumbea )—H on four days, mostly at SI and WS Ruddy Pigeon (Patagioenas subvinacea )—Singles seen (others H) at SI and WS Black-winged Ground-Dove (Metriopelia melanoptera )—Only 2 were seen briefly

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 12 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 along a stream at ANT Ruddy Quail-Dove ( Geotrygon montana )—1 was seen briefly by Melissa and Bob at WS at light area White-throated Quail-Dove ( Zentrygon frenata )—Apparently 1 was spotted by Melissa and Ilya from the van east of GL; others H at SI, V, and along the HR Eared Dove (Zenaida auriculata )—Common highland species especially in the central valley, often in towns and cities (i.e., Pintag, Quito, etc.)

CUCKOOS: CUCULIDAE Smooth-billed Ani (Crotophaga ani )—Seen on three days in more open terrain; en route to SI (8), along the LR (5), and along the WS entrance road (5) Squirrel Cuckoo (Piaya cayana )—1-2 seen along the WS entrance road; then another also at WS

OWLS: STRIGIDAE Band-bellied Owl ( Pulsatrix melanota )—H, late at night, at WS “San isidro Mystery Owl” (Ciccaba sp. )– Most like the Black-banded Owl (Ciccaba huhula )—the taxonomic status of this SI population has not yet been determined. H on three nights, then 1 was seen beautifully Rufous-banded Owl ( Ciccaba albitarsus )—H briefly and distantly at SI

NIGHTJARS & ALLIES: CAPRIMULGIDAE Band-winged Nightjar ( Systellura longirostris )—At least 8 were spotted along the TP upper road

SWIFTS: APODIDAE White-chinned Swift ( Cypseloides cryptus )—a single individual of this comparatively stocky swift was seen along the WS entrance road White-collared Swift (Streptoprocne zonaris )—Seen on four days, including fairly large concentrations; at WS, HR and TP

HUMMINGBIRDS: TROCHILIDAE White-necked Jacobin ( Florisuga mellivora )—1 subadult ♂ was seen at WS feeders Green Hermit (Phaethornis guy )—Only singles were seen on two days at WS feeders Tawny-bellied Hermit (Phaethornis syrmatophorus )—1 was seen close and well at B Brown Violetear ( Colibri delphinae )—Only singles seen at WS feeders on two days Sparkling Violetear (Colibri coruscans )—Common at feeder stations at almost all sites—seen on all but one day Black-throated Mango (Anthracothorax nigricollis )—1♀ was seen well at WS feeders; then a beautiful ♂ was encountered (snapping up ) at our LR ‘rest stop’ Tourmaline Sunangel (Heliangelus exortis )—Common at GL feeders (at least 15) Wire-crested Thorntail (Discosura popelairii )—Common at WS on four days; only a few ♂♂ had their ‘wire-crests’ in full adornment Ecuadorian Piedtail (Phlogophilus hemiileucurus )—1 was just glimpsed at the forest feeders; another was seen by Ilya, Melissa and Wayne at the forest feeding station along the Coopman’s Trail—at WS

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 13 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Speckled Hummingbird (Adelomyia melanogenys )—Up to 5-6 ecorded on five days; GL, SI, and 1 at B Long-tailed Sylph (Aglaiocercus kingi )—Fairly common on four days (especially spectacular ♂♂) at GL, SI, and V and GL; best at feeders, of course

Long-tailed Sylph © Alta Tanner

Ecuadorian Hillstar (Oreotrochilus chimborazo )—Aka as Chimborazo Hillstar by some authors. At least 6 were encountered at ANT (a couple of ♂♂ & several ♀♀; also a fat chick on its nest) Black-tailed Trainbearer (Lesbia victoria )—1 ♂ was seen briefly at a TC feeder Blue-mantled Thornbill (Chalcostigma stanleyi )—1 seen briefly feeding on the ground at PAP (road from the antennas) Rainbow-bearded Thornbill (Chalcostigma herrani )—1 was seen briefly along the TP upper road amidst a mixed-species foraging flock Tyrian Metaltail Metallura tyrianthina )—2 were seen in woodland edge at TP; another (♀) was seen at TC feeders Viridian Metaltail (Metallura williami )—1 seen at PAP on Jan. 16; thenbetween 4-5 or so seen on two days at and above TP Shining Sunbeam (Aglaeactis cupripennis )—Several were enjoyed at TP gardens and along the upper road; another 1 was encountered at TC feeders Bronzy Inca (Coeligena coeligena )—1-3 e seen repeatedly at SI feeders on two days Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata )—Quite a few of this ‘sharply clad’ hummer were seen at GL SI, and B Buff-winged Starfrontlet ( Coeligena lutetiae )—1 was seen briefly at Siphocampylus

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 14 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 flowers above TP, mainly by Melissa Mountain Velvetbreast ( Lafresnaya lafresnayi )—1 was seen by Melissa along the nature trail at TP Sword-billed Hummingbird (Ensifera ensifera )—1♂ was seen at GL; its bizzarly long bill is hard to believe Great Sapphirewing (Pterophanes cyanopterus )—2 were encountered along the TP upper road… the world’s second largest hummingbird Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens )—Quite common at GL, and now apparently expanding its range to SI (traditionally considered an uncommon to rare species on the east slope) Chestnut-breasted Coronet (Boissonneaua matthewsii )—Very common at GL and SI Booted/Peruvian Racket-tail (Ocreatus underwoodii/peruanus )—The Buff-booted population, east of the Andes is now thought to be a separate species from western, white-booted, form by many authors. Between 5-8 seen on three days (1 more on our last morning) at WS feeders White-tailed Hillstar (Urochroa bougueri )—At least 1 was seen repeatedly at HO feeders; also another was seen at WS Rufous-vented Whitetip (Urosticte ruficrissa )—Singles (at least), ♂ and ♀ were seen a few times on two days at WS feeders Black-throated Brilliant (Heliodoxa schreibersii )—Both ♂♂ and ♀♀ were seen repeatedly at WS feeders on three days Gould’s Jewelfront (Heliodoxa aurescens )— Both ♂♂ and ♀♀ were seen several times at WS feeders (just another stunner!) Fawn-breasted Brilliant (Heliodoxa rubinoides )—Fairly common at GL and SI feeders Violet-fronted Brilliant (Heliodoxa leadbeateri )—2-3 or so seen at WS feeders on two days; also seen at B coffe shop feeders Giant Hummingbird (Patagona gigas )—1♂ was seen obligingly perched on electric wire at TC (who said hummingbirds were tiny!) White-bellied Woodstar (Chaetocercus mulsant )—A pair was seen at GL feeders Gorgeted Woodstar (Chaetocercus heliodor )—1♀ was seen repeatedly at SI Violet-headed Hummingbird ( Klais guimeti )—Between 2-5 were observed mainly at flowering Verbena shrubs at WS Napo Sabrewing (Campylopterus villaviscensio )—1 stunning ♂ showed up a few times at WS forest feeders Fork-tailed Woodnymph (Thalurania furcata )—Generaly common at WS; between 2-10 or so were seen on three days; ♂ Thalurania are incredible!! Many-spotted Hummingbird (Taphrospilus hypostictus )—Fairly common and seen repeatedly at HO and WS feeders on four days Golden-tailed Sapphire (Chrysuronia oenone )—By far, the most common hummer at WS; 3 were seen at HO feeders as well

TROGONS: TROGONIDAE Golden-headed Quetzal ( Pharomachrus auriceps )—1♂ was seen briefly, in flight and then perched, along the LC Crested Quetzal (Pharomachrus antisianus )—1♂ was seen (scoped) at V

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 15 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Green-backed Trogon (Trogon viridis )—3 in all were seen at WS Collared Trogon ( Trogon collaris )—1 sub-adult ♂, then a ♀, were seen at WS on Jan. 20 th ; another ♂ was encountered the following day, also at WS Masked Trogon (Trogon personatus )—6 or so (!) were seen at SI and LC on Jan. 17 th ; another ♀ was seen at SI on our last rainy morning there on the 19th

PUFFBIRDS: BUCCONIDAE White-chested Puffbird (Malacoptila fusca )—Somewhat of an unexpected surprise; a very obliging pair (an adult and apparent juvenile) was seen beautifully on two mornings at the WS light (usually found at lower elevations)

White-chested Puffbird © Melissa Hafting

JACAMARS: GALBULIDAE Coppery-chested Jacamar (Galbula pastazae )—Singles were seen (others H) close- up at the WS light; an east-slope Andean specialty

NEW WORLD BARBETS: CAPITONIDAE Gilded Barbet (Capito auratus )—A pair was seen in forest canopy at WS (others H) Red-headed Barbet (Eubucco bourcierii )—Song and ♂ plumage of east slope race differ notably from west slope population; ♂♂ seen on four days at HO, WS and BL TOUCANS: RAMPHASTIDAE Southern Emerald Toucanet (Aulacorhynchus albivitta )—Aka Andean Toucanet or White-throated Toucanet by different authors. 2 ♂♂ were seen along LC Many-banded Araçari ( Pteroglossus pluricinctus )—Only 1 seen in forest canopy at WS Golden-collared Toucanet (Selenidera reinwardtii )—Recorded on three days at WS: H a few times, then a pair flew into view along the lower entrance road, and another fly-by was spotted Yellow-throated Toucan (Ramphastos ambiguous )—Aka Black-mandibled Toucan

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 16 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 when split from Chestnut-mandibled Toucan of west slope of the Andes by many authors. 8 or so were seen on two days at WS (also H) Channel-billed Toucan ( Ramphastos vitellinus )—H and 1 seen briefly in flight at WS

WOODPECKERS: PICIDAE Lafresnaye’s Piculet (Picumnus lafesnayi )—3 in all seen at WS; best were a busy threesome along the BL (always with mixed foraging flocks) Yellow-tufted Woodpecker (Melanerpes cruentatus )—Only a few seen this trip, at WS Smoky-brown Woodpecker ( Picoides fumigatus )—1♀ was seen in canopy at V Crimson-mantled Woodpecker (Colaptes rivolii )—1 seen at GL; 3 along LC and V Lineated Woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus )—A pair was eventually observed at WS Crimson-crested Woodpecker (Campephilus melanoleucos )—1♀ was seen at WS

FALCONS & CARACARAS: FALCONIDAE Barred Forest-Falcon ( Micrastur ruficollis )—H at WS Black Caracara (Daptrius ater )—3 were seen along the LR near WS Carunculated Caracara (Phalcoboenus carunculatus )—2 were encountered along the ‘old’ road to PAP; some 60 or so seen in páramo grassland at ANT

Carunculated Caracara © Paul J. Greenfield American Kestrel ( Falco sparverius )—1 was only glimpsed from the van en route to PAP onour first field day Bat Falcon ( Falco rufigularis )—1 only glimpsed as it zipped past us along the lower WS entrance road on Jan. 22

NEW WORLD & AFRICAN PARROTS Red-billed Parrot ( Pionus sordidus )—7-8 or so were seen mostly in flight along LC on two visits; 1 was seen perched at V; White-capped/Speckle-faced Parrot (Pionus tumultuosus seniloides )—H, then a pair

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 17 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 was seen perched (scoped) at V Blue-headed Parrot ( Pionus menstruus )—1 flew over us (seen briefly) al WS Scaly-naped Amazon (Amazona mercenaries )—Some still use the name “parrot” for this distict genus… annoying! Recorded on three days: 2 along LC; 7 or so at V, and at least 9 at WS; also perched with brief scope views Maroon-tailed Parakeet (Pyrrhura melanura )—Groups of between 3-5 were seen a few times on three days at WS Chestnut-fronted Macaw (Ara severus )—Quite a few pairs seen in flight on three days at WS; also 1 perched pair were scoped from the lodge, seen by a few of us

TYPICAL ANTBIRDS: THAMNOPHILIDAE Rufous-rumped Antwren (Euchrepornis callinota )—1 was seen well though briefly with a mixed-species foraging flock at the feeding station on Coopman’s Trail Lined Antshrike (Thamnophilus tenuepunctatus )—Super looks at 1 ♀ at the WS light on three mornings; Sharon saw 1 ♂ in canopy along the WS entrance road

♀ Lined Antshrike © Alta Tanner Plain Antvireo (Dysithamnus mentalis )—A air was seen repeatedly and up-close at the WS light on three days Yellow-breasted Antwren (Herpislochmus axillaris )—Singles were seen in canopy on two days at WS; best were excellent studies of 1 close-up at WS light… fantastic!

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 18 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019

Yellow-breasted Antwren © Melissa Hafting

Streak-headed Antbird ( Drymophila striaticeps )—H in Chusquea bamboo Peruvian Warbling-Antbird (Hypocnemis peruviana )—A wonderful pair seen close- up and repeatedly on three mornings at the WS light Blackish Antbird ( Cercomacra nigrescens )—H a few times, then 1 ♀ was seen at the WS light, and a pair was seen in dense underbrush along the lower entrance road White-backed Fire-eye (Pyriglena leuconota )—A super close pair was enjoyed at the WS light (others H) Black-faced Antbird (Myrmoborus myotherinus )—Close looks at a pair at WS light

GNATEATERS: CONOPOPHAGIDAE Chestnut-crowned ( castaneiceps )—First H briefly along Piha Trail (near forest feeders); then a pair was seen at the WS light

ANTPITTAS: GRALLARIIDAE Plain-backed Antpitta (Grallaria haplonota )—1 was seen at feeding ‘station’ by Melissa, Ilya and Wayne (on their second attempt), also H, at WS Chestnut-crowned Antpitta (Grallaria ruficapilla )—H along LC White-bellied Antpitta (Grallaria hypoleuca )—H several times; 1 seen by part of our group at SI Rufous Antpitta ( Grallaria rufula )—H above TP Tawny Antpitta (Grallaria quitensis )—H at PAP and along the TP upper road; 1 or so Were seen at ANT Ochre-breasted Antpitta (Grallaricula flavirostris )—A pair was seen at WS feeding ‘station’ on two visits

TAPACULOS: RHINOCRYPTIDAE Blackish Tapaculo ( Scytalopus latrans )—H in SI area on two days Long-tailed Tapaculo ( Scytalopus micropterus )—Formally called Equatorial Rufous- vented Tapaculo. H at SI.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 19 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 White-crowned Tapaculo (Scytalopus atratus )—Aka Northern White-crowned Tapaculo by many authors. H, then 1 was seen on second visit to the feeding station, at WS

ANTTHRUSHES: Short-tailed Antthrush ( Chamaeza campanisona )—1 seen on second visit to feeding ‘station’ at WS (others H on two days)

OVENBIRDS & WOODCREEPERS: FURNARIIDAE Olive-backed Woodcreeper (Xiphorhynchus triangularis )—Singles were seen on six days at GL,SI, V, and WS Montane Woodcreeper (Lepidocolaptes lacrymiger )—1-5 seen on three days at SI; another along the BL Streaked Xenops ( Xenops rutilans )—Alta and Juan saw (and photographed) 1 at WS Rusty-winged Barbtail (Premnornis guttuliger )—1 was seen in forest subcanopy with a mixed-soecies foraging flock at V Chestnut-winged Cinclodes (Cinclodes albiventris)—Formally known as Bar-winged Cinclodes (C. fuscus ). 3 were seen at PAP; 10 or so encountered at ANT

Chestnut-winged Cinclodes © Paul J. Greenfield

Stout-billed Cinclodes (Cinclodes excelsior )—At least 1 was seen at PAP; 8 or so at ANT Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner (Phylidor rufum )-Superb close looks at 1 at the WS light Lineated Foliage-gleaner (Syndactyla subalaris )—Excellent but brief looks at 1 at the WS light Black-billed Treehunter (Thripadectes melanorhynchus )—Close-up and repeated looks at 1 on three days at the WS light Spotted Barbtail (Premnoplex brunnescens )—1 was seen/photographed by Alta at WS Pearled Treerunner (Margarornis squamiger )—Between 2-6 seen on six days at higher elevations: GL, LC, V, TP and PAP; a beautiful Furnariid indeed! Andean Tit-Spinetail (Leptasthenura andicola )—1 was seen beautifully close en route to PAP on our first field day; 2 more were seen at PAP and ANT on our last

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 20 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 day Many-striped Canastero (Asthenes flammulata )—1 was seen well just perched out in the open at PAP Dark-breasted Spinetail (Synallaxis albigularis )—H , then at least 1 was seen, at WS Azara’s Spinetail (Synallaxis azarae )—1, uncharacteristically, flew out across a trail and landed in an open shrub at SP; 2a pair was seen nest-building along LC; others H on two days at SI

TYRANT FLYCATCHERS: TYRANNIDAE Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet ( Camptostoma obsoletum )—2 were seen several times, very active, at CU White-tailed Tyrannulet ( Mecocerculus poecilocercus )—1 was photographed just east of GL by Alta; singles were seen along LC and along the WS entrance road on Jan. 19 th ; 2 were seen along the BL White-banded Tyrannulet ( Mecocerculus stictopterus )—A pair was seen at GL; 2 were seen along the TP upper road White-throated Tyrannulet ( Mecocerculus leucophrys )—3 were seen close-up above TP; another 2 were seen with a mixed-species foraging flock in Polylepis woodland at PAP Sulphur-bellied Tyrannulet (Mecocerculus minor )—1 was seen along LC Tufted Tit-Tyrant (Anairetes parulus )—2 of this adorable little Tyranid gave us a little trouble, but eventually came right out to ‘make-our-day’ at SP Agile Tit-Tyrant (Uromyias agilis )—At least 2 were seen with a mixed-species foraging flock above TP Torrent Tyrannulet (Serpophaga cinerea )—1 was seen along the rapid river at GL Olive-striped Flycatcher ( Mionectes olivaceus )—Singles seen on two days by Ilya and Melissa at WS Slaty-capped Flycatcher (Leptopogon superciliaris )—At least 1 was seen at WS Rufous-breasted Flycatcher (Singles were seen at GL and along LC Red-billed Tyrannulet (Zimmerius cinereicapillus )—1 of this rare and local species was seen well along the WS lower entrance road on Jan. 21

Golden-faced Tyrannulet (Zimmerius chrysops )—Singles or so were seen on two days

at WS Ornate Flycatcher (Myiotriccus ornatus )—1-2 were seen on three days at WS Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant ( Lophotriccus pileatus )—Singles were seen at WS on two days Rufous-crowned Tody-Flycatcher (Poecilotriccus ruficeps )—Great looks at 1 along LC; the following day 2 more came out in the open for excellent looks along V, and another was seen up close again along LC; always in Chusquea bamboo Cinnamon Flycatcher (Pyrrhomyias cinnamomeus )—10 in all were seen over three days (often at point-blank!): at SI and V mainly Handsome Flycatcher (Nephelomyias pulcher )—1 seen well with a mixed-species foraging flock at V Flavescent Flycatcher (Myiophobus flavicans )—exceptionally close looks at a wonderful pair at SI (so charming!) Olive-sided Flycatcher (Contopus cooperi )—Singles seen on two days at WS

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 21 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Smoke-colored Pewee (Contopus fumigatus )— Pairs at least were seen on four days at SI, V and in the WS area Western Wood-Pewee ( Contopus sordidulus )—1 at least was seen at WS (distant or poorly seen Contopus could not always be ID’d to species) Eastern Wood-Pewee (Contopus virens )—At least 3-4 seen on two days at WS (distant or poorly seen Contopus could not always be ID’d to species) Black Phoebe (Sayornis nigricans)— At least 10 were encountered over our first four field days—a common higher elevation species always near fairly fast-moving streams Vermilion Flycatcher (Pyrocephalus rubinus )—2 ♂♂ and a ♀ were seen at CU Paramo Ground-Tyrant (Muscisaxicola alpinus )—Aka Plain-capped Ground-Tyrant by some authors. 1 was seen and photographed by Alta at PAP; then 2 came up close at the ANT park headquarters Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant (Ochthoeca rufipectoralis )—2 seen well at GL Streak-throated Bush-Tyrant (Myiotheretes striaticollis )—H, but could not be located, in Eucalyptus canopy at SP Large-headed Flatbill (Ramphotrygon megacephalum )—1 of this uncommon and local species was eventually called into view in a bamboo stand along the lower WS entrance road Short-crested Flycatcher ( Myiarchus ferox )—2 were seen well at the WS light Pale-edged Flycatcher (Myiarchus cephalotes )—Several were seen up-close on three days in the SI-LC-V area Social Flycatcher (Myiozetetes similis )—Singles only were seen on two days at WS Golden-crowned Flycatcher (Myiodynastes chrysocephalus )—1-2 were seen close- up on two days at SI; then another pair was observed point-blank at the WS light Tropical Kingbird (Tyrannus melancholicus )—Rather common in more open country throughout the lowlands and foothills, and even up into the central valley east of Quito (seen on all but two days)

COTINGAS: COTINGIDAE Green-and-black Fruiteater (Pipreola riefferii )—A pair was seen in canopy along LC Andean Cock-of-the-rock (Rupicola peruvianus )—2♂♂ were seen high in subcanopy of a fruiting Ficus tree at WS, along the Coopman’s Trail; others H along the F.A.C.E. Trail Dusky Piha (Lipaugus fuscocinereus )—Nice looks at 1 perched bird, initially spotted by Ilya, at the V; a local temperate zone specialty MANAKINS: PIPRIDAE White-crowned Manakin (Dixiphia pipra )—1♀ was seen in a fruiting Miconia tree along the upper WS entrance road; at least 5 ♂♂ were seen (and H) at their Lek along the F.A.C.E. Trail at WS

TITYRAS & ALLIES: TITYRIDAE Masked Tityra (Tityra semifasciata )—1♂ was seen briefly, then a pair was seen, both sightings along WS entrance road on two days

VIREOS, SHRIKE-BABBLERS & ERPORNIS: VIREONIDAE

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 22 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Black-billed Peppershrike (Cyclarhis nigrirostris )—A pair was seen super well on three mornings at the SI lights Olivaceous Greenlet (Hylophilus olivaceus )—H only a few times; 1 was seen—at WS Rufous-naped Greenlet (Pachysylvia semibrunnea )—H on Jan. 20 th ; 2 were observed on the 21 st at WS Brown-capped Vireo ( Vireo leucophrys )—1-3 were seen on two days in the SI-V area; another 1 was observed at WS Red-eyed Vireo ( Vireo olivaeus )—South American populations of what has been lumped with Red-eyed Vireo are now considered by many authors to be a separate species from boreal migrant populations—classified as Chivi Vireo ( Vireo chivi ). Apparent pairs were seen on two days at WS

Turquoise Jay © Paul J. Greenfield

CROWS, JAYS & : Turquoise Jay ( turcosa )—3 or so were seen well at GL Inca Jay ( yncas )—Lumped with Green Jay by some authors; common around SI and also at V; also H and seen along the LR and the BL Violaceous Jay (Cyanocorax violaceus )—First 2 seen in flight along the LR on Jan. 19th; then 1 at WS and 3 more along the LR on Jan. 22nd SWALLOWS: HIRUNDINIDAE Blue-and-white Swallow (Pygochelidon cyanoleuca )—Fairly common to common and widespread, except in the paramo zone; seen on 6-7 days at most localities Brown-bellied Swallow (Orochelidon murina )—The highland swallow; fairly common along LC, PAP, and TP Southern Rough-winged Swallow ( Stelgidopteryx ruficollis )—Only 1 perched (and then flying) bird was seen, along the LR

WRENS: TROGLODYTIDAE House Wren (Troglodytes aedon )–Although there is apparently sufficient genetic

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 23 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 evidence to split tropical American from North American populations, thus calling these populations Southern House-Wren ( T. musculus), it seems that nobody is following this to date. H at SI, HO, and WS Mountain Wren (Troglodytes solstitialis )—1 was seen (others H) at SI; 3 were apparently reported seen by Ilya, Alta and Melissa at TP Grass (Sedge) Wren ( Cistothorus platensis/stellaris )—Some authors consider this superspecies complex as one species calling them all Sedge Wren, whereas others split them calling neotropical populations Grass Wren (of which gthere are probably several additional splits to consider). 2 were seen and others H at ANT Thrush-like Wren ( Campylorhynchus turdinus )—H along the WS entrance road (missed it by a couple of minutes!) White-breasted Wood-Wren (Henicorhina leucosticta )—Fantastic repeated looks at singles and the pair on three mornings at the WS light; even singing their hearts out for our enjoyment–boy are they loud!! Gray-breasted Wood-Wren (Henicorhina leucophrys )—H often on four day in the SI-V- HR region especially Musician Wren (Cyphorhinus arada )—Decent repeated looks at 1 very active and vocal bird at the WS light

DIPPERS: CINCLIDAE White-capped Dipper (Cinclus leucocephalus )—3 were seen along the river at GL; at least 1 was seen along the CR; and 3 were seen by Juan and Wayne at TP

THRUSHES & ALLIES: TURDIDAE Andean Solitaire (Myadestes ralloides )—1 was seen briefly at SI; others H on three days along LC and V; also along the BL Spotted Nightingale-Thrush (Catharus dryas )—Great and repeated looks at this generally hard-to-see understory species at the WS feeder station on two visits Gray-cheeked Thrush (Catharus minimus )—1 came in repeatedly to the feeder ‘station’ at WS on two days Swainson’s Thrush (Catharusustulatus )—Seen on six days; 1-2 at least seen daily at SI and surroundings; particularly common at WS Black-billed Thrush (Turdus ignobilis )—Only 6 were seen around WS over two days Great Thrush (Turdus fuscater —The common highland thrush; seen on four days Glossy-black Thrush (Turdus serranus )—Quite vocal this trip; 6+♂♂ were seen in the SI-LC-V region

WAGTAILS & PIPITS: MOTACILLIDAE Páramo Pipit (Anthus bogotensis )—At least 2 were seen in open grassland grass at ANT

NEW WORLD WARBLERS: PARULIDAE Black-and-white Warbler ( Mniotilta varia )—1 seen along the upper WS entrance road Tennessee Warbler (Oreothlypis peregrine )—1 was seen by Ilya and Melissa at CU Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea )—2♂♂ and 1 juv. were seen by Melissa, Ilya and Wayne at WS

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 24 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Tropical Parula (Setophaga pitiayumi )—Singles were seenon two days at WS Blackburnian Warbler (Setophaga fusca )—A rather common boreal migrant in Ecuador; seen on all but our last two days throughout the east slope Black-crested Warbler ( Myiothlypis nigrocristata )—Singles seen at GL, along LC and SI Russet-crowned Warbler ( Myiothlypis coronata )—H and at least 1 seen on three days at SI and LC Canada Warbler (Cardellina canadensis )—A rather common east slope boreal migrant; between 1-5 or so seen at SI, V, WS and BL Slate-throated Whitestart (Myioborus miniatus )—Often called ‘Redstart’ even though NO red appears in its plumage! Mostly pairs were seen on six days at SI, V, WS, and BL mostly Spectacled Redstart (Myioborus melanocephalus )— Often called ‘Redstart’ even though NO red appears in its plumage! A fairly common higher elevation replacement of the previous species; 3 encountered at GL; 6 at TP, and another at the Polylepis woodland en route to the PAP pass

TANAGERS & ALLIES: THRAUPIDAE Magpie Tanager (Cissopis leverianus )—1-5 seen on three days in more open wooded areas and edge at WS Black-capped Hemispingus (Hemispingus atropileus )—1 was seen with a mixed- species foraging flock at GL Black-eared Hemispingus (Hemispingus melanotis )—Common and well seen on three days at and around SI and LC; enjoyed repeatedly close-up from the lodge deck White-lined Tanager ( Tachyphonus rufus )—Seen on two days at WS: a pair, then 1 ♀ Silver-beaked Tanager (Ramphocelus carbo )—Fairly common, seen daily in the WS area (four days) Hooded Mountain-Tanager (Buthraupis wetmorei )—At least 3were seen at GL Scarlet-bellied Mountain-Tanager (Anisognathus igniventris )—Only 1 was seen, but well, along the upper TP road Blue-winged Mountain-Tanager (Anisognathus somptuosus )—Encountered on five days; at GL, SI, LC, V and the BL Buff-breasted Mountain-Tanager (Dubusia taeniata )—1 seen quite well (for such a skulker) with a fast-moving mixed-species foraging flock along the upper TP road Blue-and-yellow Tanager (Pipraeidea) bonariensis )—A pair at least was seen up close at CU Orange-eared Tanager (Chlorochrysa calliparaea )—At least 1 ♂ was seen well(what a stunner!) along the BL with a mixed-species foraging flock Blue-gray Tanager (Thraupis episcopus )—Fairly common in the lowlands: the eastern coelestis race w/ white on the wings was seen on five days along LC, V and mostly WS; 1-2 of the blue-winged western quaesita race were seen at CU, just east of Quito Palm Tanager (Thraupis palmarum )—Only singles were seen on three days at WS Yellow-bellied Tanager (Ixothrupis xanthogastra )—A pair was seen with other tanagers along the lower WS entrance road Spotted Tanager ( Ixothrupis punctate )—Singles were seen, but well, with other Tangara tanagers on two days at WS

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 25 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Black-capped Tanager ( Tangara heinei )—A pair and then 1 ♂ seen on two days at WS Scrub Tanager (Tangara vitriolina )—At least 4 were seen well at CU Blue-necked Tanager (Tangara cyanicollis )—Rather common in the WS area and BL Blue-and-black Tanager (Tangara vassorii )—1 was seen in stunning light at GL Beryl-spangled Tanager (Tangara nigroviridis )—3-4 or so seen on three daysin the SI-LC –V region; like so many Tangara… spectacular!! Paradise Tanager (Tangara chilensis )—8 or so of this mind-bogglingly beautiful Tangara were seen on two days at WS Bay-headed Tanager ( Tangara gyrola )—Only 1 or so were seen with other Tangara tanagers at WS Golden-eared Tanager (Tangara chrysotis )—A splendid group of 5 were seen in incredible light along the BL Saffron-crowned Tanager (Tangara xanthocephala )—A rather common mid-elevation east-slope Tangara: 17 or so seen in the WS area on three days; a few were seen at WS, and also along the BL Flame-faced Tanager (Tangara parzudakii )—3 or so were seen along LC; this, the eastern nominate race Green-and-gold Tanager (Tangara schrankii )—1-3 were seen on two days at WS, with other Tangara tanagers Golden Tanager ( Tangara arthus )—Surprisingly absent this trip; only 1-2 were seen on two days at WS Purple Honeycreeper ( Cyanerpes caeruleus )—An apparent fledgeling, and later in the afternoon, 1 ♀ was seen at WS Green Honeycreeper ( Chlorophanes spiza )—Only 1 ♀ was seen at WS Blue-backed Conebill (Conirostrum sitticolor )—4 or so were seen with a mixed- species foraging flock along the TP upper road Capped Conebill ( Conirostrum albifrons )—5 in all were seen with mixed-species foraging flocks along LC and at V ( Conirostrum cinereum )—3 seen at SP; 1-2 were encountered above TP Glossy Flowerpiercer ( Diglossa lafresnayii )—Only 1 was seen (others H) along the upper TP road (Diglossa humeralis )—1-2 seen on three days at flowering hedges at SP, TP and TC (Diglossa sittoides )—3 were seen at SP Bluish Flowerpiercer (Diglossa caerulescens )—Pairs or so were seen on three days with mixed-species foraging flocks at SI and V (Diglossa cyanea )—1-2 were seen on five days at GL, SI, LC, V, and TC; best at GL nectar feeders Black-backed Bush-Tanager (Urothraupis stolzmanni )—Bands of between 5-6 or so of this high temperate-zone/páramo specialty were seen on two days above TP and in Polylepis woodland always with mixed-species foraging flocks Plumbeous Sierra-Finch (Phrygilus unicolor )—Common at PAP and especially ANT Gray-hooded Bush Tanager (Cnemoscopus rubrirostris )—Only 1 was seen with a mixed-species foraging flock at GL

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 26 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Blue-black Grassquit (Volatinia jacarina )—A few were seen (doing their ‘popcorn’ display) in grassland in the WS region Chestnut-bellied Seedeater (Sporophila castaneiventris )—Only a single pair was seen along the WS entrance road Yellow-bellied Seedeater ( Sporophila nigricollis )—Only 3 adults were seen briefly in grassland near WS Band-tailed Seedeater ( analis )—1♂ was seenwell at SP Plain-colored Seedeater (Catamenia inornata )—6 or so were seen at ANT Bananaquit (Coereba flaveola )—Quite a few were seen on four days, at HO, WS and B; best at nectar feeders Grayish Saltator (Saltator coerulescens )—1 was seen, actually singing with its back to us; also H along the WS entrance road

BUNTINGS & NEW WORLD SPARROWS: EMBERIZIDAE Yellow-throated Chlorospingus ( Chlorospingus flavigularis)—No longer considered a tanager, thus some authors no longer us the name ‘Bush-Tanager’. Singles only were seen on two days, with mixed-species foraging flocks at WS Common Chlorospingus (Chlorospingus flavopectus )—No longer considered a tanager, thus some authors no longer us the name ‘Bush-Tanager’. 3-4 were seen east of GL; 8 were seen at SI; 1 along the BL Yellow-browed Sparrow (Ammodramus aurifrons )—1-2 were seen on two days; 1 at HO; 2 at B Orange-billed Sparrow ( Arremon aurantiirostris )—1 was seen only briefly by Ilya, Melissa and Wayne on their second visit to the forest feeder station at WS Rufous-collared Sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis )—A common highland species, spreading to lower elevations; seen on every day of the trip Slaty Brush-Finch (Atlapetes schistaceus )—1 was seen by Melissa w/ a mixed- species foraging flock at GL Pale-naped Brush-Finch (Atlapetes pallidinucha )—1-2 were seen on three days, at PAP and above TP Yellow-breasted Brush-Finch ( Atlapetes latinuchus )—Aka Rufous-naped Brush-Finch. 2 were seen at SP

CARDINALS & ALLIES: CARDINALIDAE Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra )—No longer considered a tanager! Fairly common at SI; more so at WS; seen on six days in all Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea )—17 or so were seen on three days at WS (mostly ♀♀ and first-winter ♂♂ were seen) Golden Grosbeak ( Pheucticus chrysogaster )—Aka Southern Yellow-Grosbeak. 1♂ was seen at CU; 2 ♂♂ (1 subadult) were seen in Pintag, en route to ANT Rose-breasted Grosbeak ( Pheucticus ludovicianus )—Single ♂♂ seen at SI and WS

TROUPIALS & ALLIES: ICTERIDAE Russet-backed Oropendola (Psarocolius angustifrons )—Common throughout the mid- temperate, subtropic and foothill zones; common on six days, especially at WS, SI and V

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 27 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019 Crested Oropendola (Psarocolius decumanus )—Fairly common on four days at WS; also a few at HO Subtropical Cacique (Cacicus uropygialis )—Considered here a species separate from Scarlet-rumped Cacique ( C. microrhynchus ) found in lowlands west of the Andes. 15 or so were seen on two days at SI and vicinity; 4 were encountered at B coffee shop feeders Yellow-rumped Cacique (Cacicus cela )—2 were seen along the lower WS entrance road Northern Mountain Cacique (Cacicus leucoramphus )—Often lumped with southern populations and called Mountain Cacique ( C. chrysonotus )—18 in all were seen at GL

FINCHES, EUPHONIAS & ALLIES: FRINGILLIDAE Blue-naped Chlorophonia (Chlorophonia cyanea )—Singles or a pair were seen on two days at WS lodge (feeding on Cecropia fruit) Thick-billed Euphonia ( Euphonia laniirostris )—8 were seen at WS on Jan. 20 th Bronze-green Euphonia (Euphonia mesochrysa )—Pair were seen on two days along WS entrance road Orange-bellied Euphonia ( Euphonia xanthogaster )—Pairs or so were seen on three days at WS

MAMMALS:

MARMOSETS AND TAMARINS: CALLITRICHIDAE Napo Tamarin (Saguinus graellsi )—Now split from Black-mantled Tamarin ( S. nigricollis ). Groups of 6 and 8 were seen in forest and from the deck at WS

LARGE CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICAN SQUIRRELS: SCIURIDAE Amazon Dwarf-Squirrel ( Microsciurus flaviventer )—Possibly 1 of this species seen by Melissa & Ilya at WS Red-tailed Squirrel (Sciurus granatensis )—3 encountered in all en route to and at SI

AGOUTIS: DASYPROCTIDAE Black Agouti ( Dasyprocta fuliginosa )—1 was seen by Melissa and Ilya at SI

RABBITS: LEPORIDAE Tropical Cottontail (Sylvilagus brasiliensis )—Common in the páramo: PAP, TP, and all- over-the-place at ANT

DOGS: CANIDAE Culpeo Fox (Lycalopex culpaeus )—Aka Culpeo or Andean Fox. 1 was seen close-up right along the road at ANT

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 28 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019

Culpeo Fox © Paul J. Greenfield

RACOONS & ALLIES: PROCYONIDAE Kinkajou (Potos flavus )—Apparently this species, which has been recorded previously at this site, was seen by Melissa & Ilya at SI

WEASELS, OTTERS & ALLIES: MUSTELIDAE Long-tailed/Andean Weasel (Mustela freneta )—Could also have been the scarce and local Colombian Weasel (Mustela felipei ) which has also been recorded nearby in the region. 1 was seen scurrying across the road at V

DEER: CERVIDAE White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus )—3-4 were seen in páramo at ANT

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 29 Ecuador: Eastern Slope of the Andes, 2019