JANICE CARTER*

Treaties and International Agreements under U.S. and : A Selected Bibliographyt

Editor's Note: The following selected and partially annotatedbibliography hopefully will assist practicingattorneys, scholars and students, who have frequent or occasional need to research questions about the force and interpretationof . The bibliography lists English language books, articles, Federal and international documents, and other publications on issues regardingthe making, implementation, and terminationof treaties in light of U.S. and international law. With respect to international law, special attention is given to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and debate over its provisions. Concerning U.S. law, the emphasis is on executive-congressionalrelations in the making and termination of treaties and internationalagreements. The section on treatiesand collections is annotated, and focuses on resources useful in locating information on U.S. treaties throughout the treatymaking process, although a few selected compilations internationalin scope are identified. Guides to treaty collec- tions and treaty research, which may be helpful in identifying additional resources, are also described. An outline of the contents precedes the bibliography.

*Formerly, Senior Bibliographer, Foreign Affairs, Library Services Division, Library of Congress. tThis is an abridged and edited version of a bibliography compiled and annotated by Ms. Carter under the title, The Making of Treaties and InternationalAgreements: Congressional- Executive Relations in Light of U.S. and InternationalLaw; A Selective, Annotated Bibliogra- phy, which appeared in CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE OF LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, 98TH CONG., 2D SESS., TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS: THE ROLE OF THE SENATE; A STUDY PREPARED FOR THE SENATE COMM. ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, 185-237 (Comm. Print 1984). 376 INTERNATIONAL LAWYER

I. International agreements and international law: A. Overview 1. General 2. Treaties and agreements involving international organiza- tions B. Negotiation and conclusion of treaties and international agree- ments 1. Negotiation and the treatymaking process 2. Amendments, interpretive declarations, and reservations 3. Acceptance, depositary, registration and publication C. Entry into force D. Interpretation E. Modification, suspension, and termination of treaties 1. Overview 2. Questions of treaty validity F. Dispute settlement G. Succession of States II. International agreements and U.S. law: A. General B. Congressional and Presidential roles in the making of treaties and international agreements C. Communication of international agreements to Congress D. U.S. termination of treaties III. Resources on treaties: A. Guides to resources on treaties B. Compilations of treaties, and indexes international in scope C. U.S. treaties and the treatymaking process 1. Sources for treaty information throughout the treatymak- ing process 2. Official treaty series 3. Indexes and retrospective compilations 4. Status of treaties D. Topical collections 1. Diplomatic and national security issues 2. Economic and commercial issues 3. International environmental issues and management of common areas

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A. Overview I. General H. W. Briggs, The Travaux Preparatoiresof the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, AM. J. INT'L L. v. 65, Oct. 1971: 705-712. JX1.A6, v. 65. E. P. Deutsch, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. N.D. LAW. v. 47, Dec. 1971: 297-303. T. D. Elias, The Modern Law of Treaties. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1974, 272 p. JX4165.E37 R. D. Kearney, and R. E. Dalton, The Treaty on Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L. v. 64, July 1970: 495-561. JX1.A6, v. 64 A. D. McNair, The Law of Treaties. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1961. 789 p. JX4165.M18 F. Morgenstern, InternationalLegislation at the Crossroads.BRITISH YEAR BOOK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW; V. 49, 1978: 101-117. JX21.B7, v. 49. S. Rosenne, Bilateralismand Community Interest in the Codified Law of Treaties. In Transnational law in a Changing Society; essays in honor of Philip C. Jessup. Edited by Wolfgang Friedman, Louis Henkin, and Oliver Lissitzyn. , Columbia University Press, 1972. pp. 202-227. JX3091.T7 1972 -The Law of Treaties;a Guide to the Legislative History of the Vienna Conven- tion. Leyden, A. W. Sijthoff; Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1970. 443 p. JX4165.R65 I. M. Sinclair, The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Manchester, Eng., Manchester University Press; Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1973. 150 p. (The Melland Schill lectures) JX4165.$55 J. S. Stanford, The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. U. TORONTO L.J., v. 20, no. 1, 1970: 18-47. . InternationalLaw Commission. YEARBOOK OF THE INTERNATIONAL LAW COMMISSION. New York, 1949 + JX1977.A2 subser United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties, Vienna, 1968-1969. Official Records; Summary Records of the Plenary Meetings and of the Meetings of the Committee of the Whole. New York, United Nations, 1969-71. 3 v. (United Nations. [Document] A/CONF. 39/11 and A/CONF. 39/11/Add. 1-Add. 2) (United Nations publication. Sales no.: E.68.V.7, E.70.V.6, and E.70.V.5.) U.S. President, 1969-1974 (Nixon). Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Message from the President of the United States, transmitting the Vienna Conven- tion on the Law of Treaties signed for the United States on April 24, 1970, 92d Cong., 1st sess. Senate. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1971. 40 p. JX234.A23 92d 1st 1971L The Vienna Convention of the Law of Treaties: Travaux Preparatories= Die Wiener Vertragsrechtskonvention: Materialien zur Entstehung d. einzelnen Vorschr. Hrsg., Inst. fur Internat. Angelegenheiten d. Univ. Hamburg; Inst. fur Internat. Recht an d. Univ. Kiel; Inst. fur Volkerrecht d. Univ. Gottingen. Compiled by Ralf Gunter Wetzel; edited and prefaced by Dietrich Rauschning. Frankfurt am Main,

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Metzner, 1978. 543 p. (Dokumente-Institut fur Internationale Angelegenheiten der Universitat Hamburg; v. 44) JX77.H25, v. 44 K. Widdows, What is an Agreement in International Law? BRMSH YEAR BOOK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, V. 50, 1979: 117-149. JX21.B7, v. 50 R. R. Wilson, The InternationalLaw Standardin Recent Treaties and Agreements of the United States. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 66 July 1972: 526-536. JX1.A6, v. 66 F. M. Wozencraft, United Nations arithmeticand the Vienna Conference on the Law of Treaties. INT'L LAW., v. 6, Apr. 1972: 205-218. JX1.163, v. 6 2. Treaties and Agreements involving International Organizations Agreements of InternationalOrganizations and the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Edited by K. Zemanek, assisted by L. R. Behrmann. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1971, 268 p. JX4165.A34 P. Reuter, First Report on the Question of Treaties Concluded Between States and International Organizations. [New York] 1972. 61 p. (United Nations. [Docu- ment] A/CN.4/258) The Question of Treaties Concluded Between States and InternationalOrganizations or Between Two or More InternationalOrganizations. New York, United Nations. International Law Commission, 1970. 116 p. (United Nations. [Document] A/ CN.4/L.161) The Questionof Treaties Concluded Between States and InternationalOrganiztions or Between Two or More International Organizations.[New York] (United Nations [Document] A/CN.4/L.161/Add.1) The Question of Treaties Concluded Between States and InternationalOrganizations or Between Two or More InternationalOrganizations; Possibilities of Participation by the United Nations in InternationalAgreements on Behalf of a Territory. [New York] United Nations, 1974. 56 p. (United Nations. [Document] A/CN.41281)

B. Negotiation and Conclusion of Treaties and International Agreements 1. Negotiation and the Treatymaking Process a. General H. Blix, and J. H. Emerson, editors. The Treaty Maker's Handbook. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1973. 355 p. JX4165.B55 T. Hassan, Good Faith in Treaty Formation. VA. J. INT'L L., v. 21, spring 1981: 443-481. JX1.57, v. 21 R. D. Kearney, InternationalLegislation: the Negotiation Process CAL. W. INT'L L.J. v. 9, summer 1979: 504-513. JX1.C25, v. 9 b. Multilateral Treaties J. K. Gamble, Jr., Multilateral Treaties: the Significance of the Name of the Instru- ment. CAL. W. INT'L L.J. v. 10, winter 1980: 1-24. JX1.C25, v. 10 Review of the MultilateralTreaty-making Process. [New York] United Nations, 1981. 66, 7, 2, 18, 4 p. (United Nations. [Documents] A136/553; A/36/553/Add.1; A/36/553/Add.2) Review of the MultilateralTreaty-making Process. [New York] United Nations, 1980. 37, 41, 54 p. (United Nations. [Documents] A/35/312; A/35/312/Add. 1; A/35/312/ Add.2)

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2. Amendments, Interpretive Declarations, and Reservations A. 0. Adede, Amendment Proceduresfor Conventions with Technical Annexes: the IMCO Experience. VA. J. INT'L L., v. 17, winter 1977: 201-215. JX1.J57, v. 17 J. K. Gamble, Jr., Reservations to MultilateralTreaties: a MacroscopicView of State Practice. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 74, Apr. 1980: 372-394. JX1.A6, v. 74 W. P. Gormley, The Modification of MultilateralConventions by Means of "Negoti- ated Reservations" and other "Alternatives": a ComparativeStudy of the ILO and Councilof Europe. FORDHAM L. REV. v. 39, Oct. 1970: 59-80; Mar. 1971: 413-446. Inter-AmericanJuridical Committee. Reservation of TheoreticalAdherence to Multi- lateral Treaties. Report Preparedin Accordance with Resolution XI of the Fourth Meeting of the Int'l American Council of Jurists. Washington, Pan American Union, 1961. 5 p. EA/ser.I/VI.2, CIJ-57) F14505.51959.07 OEA/ser.I/VI.2, C1J57 (English) J. K. Koh, Reservations to Multilateral Treaties: How International Legal Doctrine Reflects World Vision. HARV. INT'L L.J., v. 23, spring 1982: 71-116. JX1.H37, v. 23 D. M. McRae, The Legal Effect of Interpretative Declarations. THE BRITISH YEAR BOOK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, v. 49, 1978: 155-173. JX21.B7, v. 49 M. H. Mendelson, Reservations to the Constitutionsof InternationalOrganizations. THE BRITISH YEAR BOOK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, v. 42, 1971: 137-171. JX21.B7, v. 42 J. Sztucki, Some Questions Arising From Reservations to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. GERMAN YEARBOOK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, V. 20, 1977: 277-305. JX21.J33 1977

3. Acceptance, Depositary, Registration and Publication a. Acceptance J. M. Ruda, The Final Acceptance of InternationalConventions. Muscatine, Iowa, Stanley Foundation, 1976. 29 p. (Occasional paper, no. 10) JX4171.R3R83 Wider Acceptance of Multilateral Treaties. New York, United Nations Institute for Training and Research, 1969. 213 p. JX4171.R3U54 1969 b. Depositary S. Rosenne, The Depositary of International Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 61, Oct. 1967: 923-945. JX1.A6, v. 61 - More on the Depositary of International Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 64, Oct. 1970: 838-852. JX1.A6, v. 64 c. Registration and Publication M. Tabory, Recent Developments in United Nations Treaty Registration and Publica- tion Practices. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 76, Apr. 1982: 350-363. JX1.A6, v. 76

C. Entry into Force

H. Reiff, The Proclaimingof Treaties in the United States. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 44, July 1940: 572-576. JX1A.6, v. 44 M. A. Rogoff, The InternationalLegal Obligations of Signatories to an Unratified Treaty. ME. L. REV., v. 32, no. 2, 1980: 263-299. K13.A4, v. 32 S. Rosenne, The Temporal Application of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. CORNELL INT'L L.J., v. 4, fall 1970: 1-24. JX1.C63, v. 4

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A. P. Rubin, The InternationalLegal Effects of UnilateralDeclarations. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 71, Jan. 1977: 1-30. JX1.A6, v. 71 0. Schachter, The Twilight Existence of Nonbinding InternationalAgreements. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 71 Apr. 1977: 296-304. JX1.A6, v. 71 E. W. Vierdag, The Law Governing Treaty Relations Between Partiesto the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and States not Party to the Convention. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 76, Oct. 1982: 779-801. JX1.A6, v. 76.

D. Interpretation

Y. Chang, The Interpretation of Treaties by Judicial Tribunals. New York, AMS Press [1968] 196 p. (Studies in history, economics, and public law, no. 389) JX4171.16C5 1968 (Series statement also appears as: Columbia University studies in the social sciences, 389., reprint of the 1933 ed.) P. Germer, Interpretationof Plurilingual Treaties: A Study of Art. 33 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. HARV. INT'L L.J., v. 11, 1970: 400-427. JX1.H37, v. 11 Interpretationdes Traites a la Lumiere de la Convention de Vienne de 1969 sur le Droit des Traites: Bibliographie-Interpretationof Treaties in the Light of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: Bibliography. Preparee par ]a Bibliotheque du Palais de la paix. [The Hague] Centre d'etude et de recherche de l'Academie de droit international de La Haye, 1970. 26 leaves. Z6464.T8H33 1970 F. G. Jacobs, Varieties of Approach to Treaty Interpretationwith Special Reference to the Draft Convention on the Law of Treaties Before the Vienna Diplomatic Confer- ence. INT'L & COMP. L. Q., v. 18, 1969: 318-346. K. Lipstein, Some Practical Comparative Law: the Interpretation of Multi-lingual Treaties with Special Regard to the EEC Treaties. TUL. L. REV., v. 48, June 1974: 907-915. K24.U4, v. 48 M. S. McDougal, The InternationalLaw Commission's Draft Articles upon Inter- pretation: Textuality Redivivus. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 61, Oct. 1967: 992-1000. JX1.A6, v. 61 R. J. C. Munday, The Uniform Interpretation of InternationalConventions. INT'L & COMP. L.Q., v. 27, April 1978: 450-459. L. Pickert, Draft Articles for the Expansion of Authoritative Interpretationof United State Treaties. BROOKLYN J. INT'L L., v. 2, spring 1976: 205-227. JX1.B76, v. 2 S. Rosenne, Interpretationof Treaties in the Restatement and the ILC's DraftArticles: a Comparison. COLUM. J. TRANSN. L., v. 5, no. 2, 1966: 205-330. G. Schwarzenberger, Myths and Realities of Treaty Interpretations-Articles27-29 of the Vienna Draft Convention on the Law of Treaties. CURRENT LEGAL PROBLEMS, v. 22, 1969: 205-227. C. H. Schreuer, The Interpretationof Treaties by Domestic Courts. BRITISH YEAR BOOK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, v. 42, 1971: 255-301. JX21.B7, v. 42 S. P. Sharma, The ILC Draft and Treaty Interpretation with Special Reference to Preparatory Works. INDIAN J. INT'L L., v. 8, 1968: 367-398. JX18. I1, v. 8 I. Tammelo, Treaty Interpretation and PracticalReason: Towards a General Theory of Legal Interpretation.Sydney, Melbourne, Law Book Co., 1967. 110 p. (Studies in legal method series, no. 1) JX4171.16T3

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Treaty Interpretation:the ProperRole of an ImpartialTribunal. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW. Proceedings... 63d annual meeting held at Washington, D.C. v. 63, 1969: 107-140. JX27.A5, v. 63 D. A. Wirth, Multilingual Treaty Interpretation and the Case of SALT II. YALE STUDIES IN WORLD PUBLIC ORDER, v. 6, spring 1980: 429-470. JC362.AIY34, v. 6 T. C. Yu, The Interpretation of Treaties. New York, AMS Press [1968] 288 p. (Studies in history, economics, and public law, no. 294) JX4171.16Y8 1968 (Series statement also appears as: Columbia University studies in the social sciences, 294. Reprint of the 1927 ed.

E. Modification, Suspension, and Termination of Treaties 1. Overview L. W. Beilenson, The Treaty Trap: a History of the Performanceof PoliticalTreaties by the United States and European Nations. By Laurence W. Beilenson, assisted by Bernard M. Dain. Washington, Public Affairs Press [1969] 334 p. (A Foreign Policy Research Institute book) JX4165.B4 R. B. Bilder, Managing the Risks ofInternationalAgreement.Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1981. 302 p. JX4165.B47 H. W. Briggs, Proceduresfor Establishing the Invalidity of Termination of Treaties under the International Law Commission's 1966 Draft Articles on the Iaw of Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 61, Oct. 1967: 976-989. JX1.A6, v. 61 -Unilateral Denunciation of Treaties: the Vienna Convention and the Interna- tional Court of Justice. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 68, 1974: 51-68 JX1.A6, v. 68 C. M. Chinkin, Crisis and the Performance of InternationalAgreements: The Out- break of War in Perspective. YALE JOURNAL OF WORLD PUBLIC ORDER, V. 7, spring 1981: 177-208. JX1.Y34, v. 7 - Nonperformance ofInternationalAgreements.TEX. INT'L L.J., V. 17, summer 1982: 387-432. JX1.T48, v. 17 A. E. David, The Strategy of Treaty Termination: Lawful Breaches and Retaliations. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1975. 324 p. JX4171.T5 D38 H. F. Koeck, The "Changed Circumstances" Clause after the United Nations Con- ference on the Law of Treaties. GA. J. INT'L & COMP. L., v. 4, 1974: 93-115 K7.E65, v. 4 0. J. Lissitzyn, Treaties and Changed Circumstances (Rebus Sis Stantibus). AM. J. INT'L L., v. 61, 1967: 895-992. JX1.A6, v. 61 S. E. Nahlik, The Grounds of Invalidity and Termination of Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 65, Oct. 1971: 736-756. JX1.A6, v. 65 W. M. Reismann, Proceduresfor Controlling UnilateralTreaty Termination. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 63, 1969: 544-547. JX1.A6, v. 63 E. Schwelb, Termination or Suspension of the Operation of a Treaty as a Conse- quence of its Break. INDIAN J. INT'L L., v. 7, 1967: 309-334. JX18.I1, v. 7 Some Contemporary Problems in Treaty Law Suggested by the Draft Articles of the Law of Treaties of the International Law Commission. American Society of International Law. Proceedings ... 61st annual meeting held at Washington, D.C., v. 61, 1967: 186-209. JX27.A5, v. 61

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H. J. Tobin, The Termination of Multipartite Treaties. New York, AMS Press, 1967. 312 p. (Studies in history, economics, and public law, no. 388) JX4171.75T6 1967 (Reprint of the 1933 edition, which was issued also as a thesis, Columbia Uni- versity.) Q. Wright, The Termination and Suspension of Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 61, 1967: 1000-1005. JX1.A6, v. 61 2. Questions of Treaty Validity S. S. Malawer, Imposed Treaties and International Law. CAL. W. INT'L L.J., v. 7, winter 1977: 1-178. JX1.C25, v. 7 T. Meron, Applicability of Multilateral Conventions to Occupied Territories.AM. J. INT'L L., v. 72, July 1978: 542-557. JX1.A6, v. 72 V. Paul, The Legal Consequences of Conflict Between a Treaty and an Imperative Norm of General InternationalLaw (Jus Cogens). OSTERREICHISCHE ZEITSCHRIFr FUR OFFENTLICHES RECHT, v. 21, Apr. 1971: 19-49. C. L. Rozakis, The Concept of Jus Cogens in the Law of Treaties. Amsterdam, New York, North-Holland Pub. Co., 1976. 206 p. JX4165.R69 1976 E. Schwelb, Some Aspects of InternationalJus Cogens as Formulatedby the Interna- tional Law Commission. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 61, Oct. 1967: 946-975. JX1.A6, v. 61 G. L. Scott and C. L. Carr. The InternationalCourt of Justice and the Treaty/Custom Dichotomy. TEX. INT'L L.J., v. 16, summer 1981: 347-359. JX1.T48, v. 16 J. Sztdcki, Jus Cogens and the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: A Critical Appraisal. Wien, New York, Springer Verlag, 1974. 204 p. (Osterreichische Zeitschrift fur offentliches Recht. Supplementum 3) JX4165.$9 G. B. Zotiades, Intervention by Treaty Right: Its Legality in Present Day Inter- national Law. [Nicosia, , Geka Press] 1965. 41 p. (Jus gentium, series of publications on international law; v. 6) JX4481.Z67

F. Dispute Settlement A. 0. Adede, A Survey of Treaty Provisions on the Rule of Exhaustion of Local Remedies. HARV. INT'L L.J., v. 18, winter 1977: 1-19. JX1.H37, v. 18 R. J. Coll, United States Enforcement of Arbitral Awards Against Sovereign States: Implications of the ICSID Convention. HARV. INT'L L. J., v. 17, spring 1976: 401-415. JX1.H37, v. 17 C. E. Cosca and J. J. Zimmerer. Judicial Interpretationsof ForeignArbitralAwards under the U.N. Convention. LAW AND POLICY IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS, v. 8, no. 3, 1976: 737-762. K12.A92, v. 8 Foreign Judgments Based on Foreign Arbitral Awards: The Applicability of Res Judicata. U. PA. L. REV., v. 124, Nov. 1975: 223-249. K25.N69, v. 124 L. Kennedy, Enforcing International Commercial Arbitration Agreements and Awards not Subject to the New York Convention. VA. J. INT'L L., v. 23, fall 1982: 75-101. JX1.J51, v. 23 J. S. McClendon, Enforcement of ForeignArbitralAwards in the United States. Nw. J. INT'L LAW & Bus., v. 4, spring 1982: 58-74. K14.076, v. 4 A. J. Mirabito, The United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign ArbitralAwards: The First Four Years. GA. J. INT'L & COMp. L., v. 5, summer 1975: 471-501. K7.E65, v. 5

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H. Mosler, Supra-nationalJudicial Decisions and National Courts. HASTINGS INT'L & COMp. L. REV., v. 4, spring 1981: 425-472. K8.A84, v. 4 L. B. Sohn, The Role of Arbitrationin Recent InternationalMultilateral Treaties. VA. J. INT'L L., v. 23, winter 1983: 171-189. JX1.J57, v. 23 Symposium-Enforcement of Foreign Judgments and ArbitralAwards. VA. J. INT'L L., v. 17, spring 1977: 359-493. JX1.J57, v. 17.

G. Succession of States R. Lavalle, Dispute Settlement under the Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 73, July 1979: 407-425. JX1.A6, v. 73 M. G. Maloney, Succession of States in Respect of Treaties: The Vienna Convention of 1978. VA. J. INT'L L., v. 19, summer 1979: 885-914. JX1.J57, v. 19 0. J. Rogge, State Succession. N.Y.L. FORUM, V. 16, no. 2, 1970: 378-391. K14.E933, v. 16 J. B. Stewart, The InternationalLaw Commission, 26th session. DraftArticles on the Succession of States in Respect of Treaties: the PragmaticDevelopment of Interna- tional Law. HARV. INT'L L.J., v. 16, summer 1975: 638-647. JX1.H37, v. 16 Succession of States in Respect of Bilateral Treaties. [New York] United Nations, 1971. 103 p. (United Nations. [Document] A/CN.4/243/Add.1) Succession of States in Respect of Bilateral Treaties; Studies Preparedby the Secre- tariat. [New York] United Nations, 1970. 63 p. (United Naitons. [Document] A/CN.4/229) Succession of States in Respect of Treaties; Report. [New York] United Nations, 1975. 26 p. (United Nations. [Document] A.10198) Third Report on Succession in Respect of Treaties. Prepared by Sir Humphrey Waldock. [New York] United Nations, 1970. 70 p. 0. Udoakang, Succession of New States to International Treaties. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1972, 525 p. JX4053.U44

II. International Agreements and U.S. Law

A. General

American Law Institute. International Agreements. RESTATEMENT OF THE LAW, FOREIGN RELATIONS LAW OF THE United States (revised): TENTATIVE DRAFT No. 1. Philadelphia, Executive Office, American Law Institute, c1980. - International Agreements. RESTATEMENT OF THE LAW, SECOND: FOREIGN RELATIONS LAW OF THE United States. St. Paul, Minn., American Law Institute Publishers, 1965. p. 359-475. KF4651.A75 1965 W. B. Cowles, Treaties and Constitutional Law: Property Interferences and Due Process of Law. Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press, 1975. 315 p. KF4581.C68 1975 (Reprint of the 1941 edition published by the American Council on Public Affairs, Washington.)

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S. B. Crandall, Treaties: Their Making and Enforcement. 2d ed. Washington, J. Byrne and Co., 1916. 663 p. JX4165.C8 1916 C. H. Dearborn, The Domestic Legal Effect of Declarationsthat Treaty Provisions are not Self-executing. TEX. L. REV., v. 57, Jan. 1979: 233-251. K24.E93, v. 57 The Federalist.Edited with introduction and notes by Jacob E. Cooke. Middletown, Conn., Wesleyan University Press [1961] 672 p. JK154 1961b Foundationfor Study of Treaty Law. TREATY LAW MANUAL. Washington, Founda- tion for Study of Treaty Law, 1954? 61 p. KF4581.F6 D. M. Haskell, The Warsaw System and the U.S. Constitution Revisited. J. AIR L. & COMM., v. 39, autumn 1973: 483-517. TL501.J6, v. 39 J. M. Hendry, Treaties and Federal Constitutions. Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press, 1975, c1955. 186 p. KF4581.H4 1975 (Reprint of the edition published by Public Affairs Press, Washington.) L. Henkin, Foreign Affairs and the Constitution. Mineola, N.Y., Foundation Press. 1972. 553 p. KF4651.H45 - The Treaty Makers and the Law Makers: the NiagaraReservation. COLUM. L. REV., v. 56, December, 1956: 1151-1182. K3.0355, v. 56 Institute on the Law of Treaties and the State-Federal Relationship, University of , 1969. Proceedings. Edited by Frederick W. Hess. [Kansas City] Uni- versity of Missouri-Kansas City [19701. 74 p. JX4165.157 1969 T. Jefferson, "Sec. LI-Treaties," of Jefferson's Manual of ParliamentaryPractice. In U.S. Congress. House. Constitution, Jefferson's Manualand Rules of the House of Representatives of the United States, 98th Congress. Compiled by Wm. Holmes Brown, Parliamentarian. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1983. p. 278-281. (97th Cong., 2d sess. House. Document No. 97-271) R. D. Kearney, Internal Limitations on External Commitments-Article 46 of the Treaties Convention. INT'L LAW. v. 4, Oct. 1969; 1-21. JX1.163, v. 4 Law of Treaties. In Research in InternationalLaw; Under the Auspices of the Faculty of Harvard Law School. Supplement (to the) AM. J. INT'L L., v. 29, 1935. p. 655-1240. JX1.A7, v. 29, pt. 3 T. Meron, Article 46 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (Ultra Vires Treaties): some recent cases. BRITISH YEAR BOOK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, v. 49, 1978: 175-199. JX21.B7, v. 49 H. B. Tolley, The Domestic Applicability of International Treaties in the United States. LAWYER OF THE , V. 15, spring 1983: 71-88. K12.A95, v. 15 U.S. Constitutional Convention, 1787. The Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787, Which Framedthe Constitutionof the United States of America. Reported by James Madison. International ed., Gaillard Hunt and James Brown Scott, editors. Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press [19701 731 p. JK141 1970.A52 U.S. Library of Congress. CongressionalResearch Service. The Constitution of the United States of America; Analysis and Interpretation;Annotations of Cases De- cided by the Supreme Court of the United States to June 29, 1972. Rev. ed. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1973. 1961 p. (92d Cong., 2d sess. Senate. Document no. 92-82) KF2527.J39 1973 A. C. Weinfeld, What did the Framers of the Federal ConstitutionMean by "Agree- ments or Compacts?" U. CHI. L. REV., v. 3, April, 1936: 453:469 M. M. Whiteman, Treaties and other InternationalAgreements. THE DIGEST OF

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INTERNATIONAL LAW. Vol. 14. Washington, Dept. of State, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1970. p. 1-510. JX237.W55, v. 14 L. Wildhaber, Treaty-making Power and Constitution: An Internationaland Com- parative Study. Basel and Stuttgart, Helbing & Lichtenhahn, 1971. 412 p. Q. Wright, The Control of American Foreign Relations. New York, Macmillan, 1922. 412 p. JX1047.W8 - Treaties and the ConstitutionalSeparation of Powers in the United States. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 12, Jan. 1918: 64-95. JX1.A6, v. 12

B. Congressional and Presidential Roles in the Making of Treaties and International Agreements

R. Berger, The PresidentialMonopoly of Foreign Relations. MICH. L. REV., v. 71, Nov. 1972: 1-58. K13.I35, v. 71 A. Bestor, Respective roles of Senate and President in the Making and Abrogation of Treaties-the Original Intent of the Framers of the Constitution Historically Ex- amined. WASH. L. REV., v. 55, no. 1, 1979-1980: 4-135. K27.A8, v. 55 E. Borchard, Shall the Executive Agreement Replace the Treaty? YALE L.J., v. 53, Sept. 1944: 664-683. K29.A4, v. 53 H. W. Briggs, The Leaders' Agreement at Yalta. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 40, April 1946: 376-383. JX1.A6, v. 40 E. M. Byrd, Jr., Treaties and Executive Agreements in the United States: Their Separate Roles and Limitations. The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1960. 276 p. R. Cohen, Self-executing Executive Agreements: A Separation of Powers Problem. BUFFALO L. REV., V. 24, fall 1974: 137-158. K2.U35, v. 24 K. W. Colegrove, The American Senate and World Peace. New York, Vanguard Press [1944] 209 p. JK570.C57 R. J. Dangerfield, In Defense of the Senate: A Study in Treaty-making. Norman, University of , 1933. 365 p. JK1170.D3 P. L. Fitzgerald, Executive Agreements and the Intent Behind the Treaty Power. HASTINGS CONST. L.Q., v. 2, summer 1975: 757-771. K8.A8, v. 2 D. F. Fleming, The Treaty Veto of the American Senate. New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1930. 325 p. JK1170.F5 1930a M. D. Forkosch, The United States Constitution and InternationalRelations: Some Powers and Limitations Explored. CAL. W. INT'L L.J., v. 5, winter 1975: 219-270. JX1.C25, v. 5 K. E. Fryer and J. M. Levengood. Arms Control: SAL TI-Executive Agreement or Treaty? GA. J. INT'L & COMP. L., v. 9, winter 1979: 123-136. K7.E65, v. 9 S. A. Garrett, Foreign Policy and the American Constitution: The Bricker Amend- ment in Contemporary Perspective. INT'L STUD. Q., v. 16, June 1972: 187-220. D839.B2, v. 16 A. M. Gilbert, Executive Agreements and Treaties, 1946-1973: Framework of the Foreign Policy of the Period. Endicott, N.Y., Thomas-Newell, 1973. 213 p. JX1417.G54 M. J. Glennon, The Senate Role in Treaty Ratification. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 77, April 1983: 257-280. JX1.A6, v. 77

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D. G. Hardwick, The Iranian Hostage Agreement Cases: The Evolving Presidential Claims Settlement Power. Sw. L.J., v. 35, Feb. 1982: 1055-1077. K23.025, v. 35 J. R. Hayden, The Senate and Treaties, 1789-1817; The Development of the Treaty- making Functionsof the United States Senate During their Formative Period. New York, Da Capo Press, 1970 [c1920] 237 p. JK573 1789.H3 1970 W. S. Holt, Treaties Defeated by the Senate; A Study of the Struggle Between Presidentand Senate over the Conduct of Foreign Relations. Gloucester, Mass., P. Smith, 1964 [c1933] 328 p. JK1166.H3 1964 S. G. Hyman, Executive Agreements: Beyond Constitutional Limits? HOFSTRA L. REV., V. 11, winter 1983: 805-844. K8.045, v. 11 L. Johnson, and J. M. McCormick. The Democratic Control of InternationalCom- mitments. PRES. STUD. Q., v. 8, summer 1978: 275-283. JK50I.C4, v. 8 D. J. Kuchenbecker, Agency-level Executive Agreements. A New Era in U.S. Treaty Practice. COLUM. J. TRANSN. L., v. 18, no. 1, 1979: 1-77. M. A. Leary, International Executive Agreements: A Guide to the Legal Issues and Research Sources. L. LIBR. J., v. 72, winter 1979: 1-11. K12.A9364, v. 72 R. R. Majak, InternationalAgreements, an Analysis of Executive Regulations and Practices.Prepared for the use of Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1974-1975. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1977. 73 p. KF5055.A25 1977 C. Mathews, The Constitutional Power of the President to Conclude International Agreements. YALE L.J., v. 64, Jan. 1955: 345-389. K29.A4, v. 64 W. M. McClure, InternationalExecutive Agreements; Democratic Procedure under the Constitution of the UnitedStates. New York, Columbia University Press, 1941. 449 p. JK573.1941.M3 M. S. McDougal, and A. Lans. Treaties and Congressional-Executiveor Presidential Agreements: Interchangeable Instruments of National Policy. YALE L.J., v. 54, Mar. 1945: 181-351; June 534-615. K29.A4, v. 54 K. D. Merin, The Treaty Power and CongressionalPower in Conflict: Cession of United States Property in the Canal Zone to . SETON HALL L. REV., v. 8, no. 3, 1977: 434-459. K23.E85, v. 8 J. F. Murphy, Treaties and InternationalAgreements other than Treaties: Constitu- tional Allocation of Power and Responsibility among the President,the House of Representatives, and the Senate. KAN. L. REV., v. 23, winter 1975: 221-248. K25.N64, v. 23 D. C. Ohly, Advice and Consent: InternationalExecutive Claims Settlement Agree- ments. CAL. W. INT'L L.J., v. 5, winter 1975: 271-297. JX1.C25, v. 5 J. Paige, The Law Nobody Knows: Enlargement of the Constitution-Treatiesand Executive Agreements. New York, Vantage Press, 1977. 209 p. KF5055.P35 S. C. Pan, Legal Aspects of the Yalta Agreement. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 46, Jan. 1952: 40-59. JX1.A6, v. 46 M. A. Rague, The Reservation Power and the Connally Amendment. N.Y.U.J. INT'L L. & POL., v. 11, fall 1978: 323-358. JX1.N45, v. 11 A. W. Rovine, Separationof Powers and InternationalExecutive Agreements. IND. L.J., v. 52, winter 1977: 397-431. LAW D. V. Skoblow, The Treaties and the Property Disposal Clause: Do

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the Treaties Proposean UnconstitutionalGiveway? GEO. L. REV., v. 66, Feb. 1978: 871-897. S. Slonim, CongressionalExecutive Agreements. COLUM. J. TRANSN. L., v. 14, no. 3, 1975: 434-450. C. J. Stevens, The Use and Controlof Executive Agreements: Recent Congressional Initiatives. ORBIS, v. 20, winter 1977: 905-931. D839.068, v. 20 J. P. Tomain, Executive Agreements and the Bypassing of Congress. J. INT'L L. & ECON., v. 8, June 1973: 129-139. The Transfer of Destroyers to Great Britain. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 34, Oct. 1940: 569-587, 680-697, 728-736. JX1.A6, v. 34 U.S. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on InternationalSecurity and Scientific Affairs. CongressionalReview of International Agreements. Hearings, 94th Cong., 2d Sess. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1976. 416 p. KF27.15495 1976c U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. InternationalAgreements Consultation Resolution; Report to Accompany S. Res. 536. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1978. 4 p. (95th Cong., 2d sess. Senate. Report no. 95-1171) - The Role of the Senate in Treaty Ratification. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 95th Cong., 1st sess. Committee print. 1977. 78 p. KF4989.R64 - Treaty Powers Resolution. Hearings, 94th Cong., 2d Sess., on S. Res. 486. July 21 and 28, 1976. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1977. 127 p. KF26.F6 1976i - Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on United States Security Agreements and Commitments Abroad. Security Agreements and Com- mitments Abroad; report. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1970. 28 p. KF31.F684 1970 - Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Separationof Powers. CongressionalOversight of Executive Agreements. Hearings, 92d Cong., 2d Sess., on S. 3475. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1972. 668 p. KF26.J874 1972 - Congressional Oversight of Executive Agreements-1975. Hearings, 94th Cong., 1st Sess., on S. 632 and S. 1251. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1975. 505 p. KF26.J874 1975a - Treaty Ratification Process and Separation of Powers. Hearing, 97th Cong., 2dSess., on S.J. Res. 212, July30, 1982. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1982. 201 p. KF26.J874 1982 U.S. Departmentof State. The Law of Treatiesand other InternationalAgreements. In its DIGEST OF UNITED STATES PRACTICE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW, 1974, by Arthur W. Rovine. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1975. p. 195-239. JX21.R68 1974 United States Foreign Relations Law: Documents and Sources. Edited by M. J. Glennon [and] T. M. Franck. London, New York, Oceana Publications, 1980 + v. 1, 2. KF4651.U54 A. R. Vartian, Approval of SALT Agreements by Joint Resolution of Congress. HARV. INT'L L.J., v. 21, summer 1980: 421-466. JX1.H37, v. 21 R. E. Webb, Treaty-making and the President's Obligation to Seek the Advice and Consent of the Senate with Special Reference to the Peace Negotiation. ST. L.J., v. 31, summer 1970: 490-515. K15.H58, v. 31

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Gary C. Wendel, ConstitutionalAuthority for Executive Agreements Pertainingto the Armed Forces. A.F.L. REV. 20, No. 1, 1978: 71-86 K25.N43, v. 20 Quincy Wright, The United States and InternationalAgreements. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 38, July 1944: 341-355. JX1.A6, v. 38

C. Communication of International Agreements to Congress

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Transmittal of Executive Agreements to Congress; Reports to Accompany S. 596 [Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off.] 1972. 4 p. (92d Cong., 2d sess. House. Report no. 92-1301) - House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments. InternationalExecutive Agreements. Hearing, 92nd Cong., 2d Sess., on S. 596, H.R. 14365, and H.R. 14647. June 19, 1972. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1972. 29 p. KF27.F6483 1972 U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Foreign Relations Author- ization Act, Fiscal Year 1979; Report Together with Additional Views on S. 3076. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1978. p. 4 5-56. (95th Cong., 2d sess. Senate. Report no. 95-842) - Transmittal of executive agreements to Congress. Hearings, 92d Cong., 1st sess., on S. 596. Oct. 20 and 21, 1971. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1971. 97 p. - Transmittal of Executive Agreements to Congress; Report to Accompany S. 596. [Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off.] 1972. p. (92d Cong., 2d sess. Senate. report no. 92-591) U.S. Department of State. Memo of March 12, 1976, from Monroe Leigh, Legal Adviser, Departmentof State, to all Key Department Personnel.DIGEST OF UNITED STATES PRACTICE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW, 1976. [Washington, 19761 pp. 263-267. JX21.R68 1976 - Office of the Secretary. Coordination and Reporting of InternationalAgree- ments. FEDERAL REGISTER, v. 46, July 13, 1981: 35917-35921. K70.A2, v. 46 U.S. General Accounting Office. Reporting of U.S. International Agreements by Executive Agencies has Improved, Report to the Congress by the Comptroller General of the United States. [Washington] 1978. 53 p. -- U.S. Agreements with the Republic of Korea, Department of State and Defense; Report of the Comptroller General of the United States. [Washington] 1976. 25 p.

D. U.S. Termination of Treaties David Gray Adler, The Framers and Treaty Termination: A Matter of Symmetry. ARIZ. ST. L.J., v. 1981, no. 4, 1981: 891-923. K1.RS, v. 1981 J. Terry Emerson, The Legislative Role in Treaty Abrogation. J. LEGIS., V. 5, 1978: 46-80. K14., v. 5 - Treaty Termination Revisited. WOODROW WILSON J.L., v. 4, summer 1982: 1-25. K27.055, v. 4

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Goldwater v. Carter: Symposium. YALE STUDIES IN WORLD PUBLIC ORDER, v. 6, fall 1979: 1-235. JC362.A1434, v. 6 David A. Guttenborg, Treaty Termination and the Separationof Powers: The Consti- tutional Controversy Continues in Goldwater v. Carter, 100 S. Ct. 533 (1979) (mem.). DEN. J. INT'L L. & POL., v. 9, summer 1980: 239-260. JX1.D38, v. 9 Louis Henkin, Litigating the President's Power to Terminate Treaties. AM. J. INT'L L., v. 73, Oct. 1979: 647-654. JX1.A6, v. 73 Karin Lee Lawson, The Constitutional Twilight Zone of Treaty Termination: Gold- water v. Carter. VA. J. INT'L L., v. 20, fall 1979: 147-169. JX1.J57, v. 20 Serge G. Martin, The President's Power to Terminate Treaties: The Unanswered Question of Goldwater v. Carter, J. INT'L L. & ECON., v. 14, no. 2, 1980: 301-319. Nancy J. Murray, Treaty Termination by the President without Senate or Congres- sional Approval: The Case of the Treaty. Sw. L.J., v. 33, June 1979: 729-761. K23.085, v. 33 The Question of Presidential Power to Terminate Treaties. CONG. DIG., v. 58, June-July 1979: 161-192. JK1.C15, v. 58 Resolving Treaty Termination Disputes. U. PA. L. REV., v. 129, May 1981: 1189- 1229. K25.N69, v. 129 Alfred P. Rubin, ConstitutionalConfusion: Treaty Denunciation.FLETCHER FORUM, v. 4, winter 1980: 88-93. D839.F57, v. 4 David J. Scheffer, The Law of Treaty Termination as Applied to the United States Derecognition of the Republic of . HARV. INT'L L.J., v. 19, fall 1978: 931- 1009. JX1.H37, v. 19 U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. 95th Cong; 2d Sess. Com- mittee Print. Termination of Treaties: The ConstitutionalAllocation of Power. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1979. 423 p. KF5055.A25 1979 - Treaty Termination. Hearings, 96th Cong., 1st Sess. Apr. 9-11, 1979. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1979 589 p. KF26.F6 1979h - Treaty Termination Resolution; Report Together with Additional Views on S. Res. 15. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1979. 47 p. (96th Cong., 1st sess. Senate. Report no. 96-119)

III. Resources on Treaties

A. Guides to Resources on Treaties

List of Treaty Collections-Liste de Recuelis de Traites-Lista de Colecciones de Tratados. United Nations, Office of Legal Affairs, Codification Division. Moores- town, N.J., Symposia Press; Holmes Beach, Fla., Exclusive distribution by W. W. Gaunt, 1981. 174 p. Z6464.T8L57 1981 Reprint. Originally published: New York, United Nations, 1956 (United Na- tions. [Document] ST/LEG/5). The list of treaty collections is "limited in principle, to collections published in and after the last two decades of the 18th century." The first part identifies general

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collections, including indexes, chronologies, bibliographies, and handbooks. The second lists collections by subject; the third, by country. Titles are given in their original language. Accompanying comments are in English, except for collections which are predominantly French; then the commentary is in French. I. I. Kavass, and H. A. Hood. Computerized Legal Databases: an International Survey. INT'L J. LEG. INF., V. 11, no. 3 & 4, 1983: 115-129. Z675.L2158, v. 11 Although this article does not deal specifically with treaties, the authors' discus- sion of the development of databases covering legal documentation provides a basis for understanding how such databases may be used, both now and in the future. The authors identify specific foreign databases and discuss progress towards making them accessible in the United States. Mary Kramer, How to Find U.S. Treaties in the Library of Congress. Washington, Library of Congress, General Reading Rooms Division, 1981. 11 p. "This brief guide to U.S. treaty research consists of a selected and annotated bibliography of important treaty collections and indexes." It also includes a glossary. Clive Parry, Where to Look for Your Treaties. INT'L J. LAw LIBR., v. 8, 1980: 8-18. Z675.L2158, v. 8 Elmer Pilschke, Treaties and agreements. In His U.S. Foreign Relations: a Guide to Information Sources. Detroit, Mich., Gale Research Co., c1980. p. 571-587. (American government and history information guide series, v. 6) Z6465.U5P52 "This section contains the principal documents and compilations relevant to the treaties and agreements published by Congress and the Department of State, general multinational treaty series (including those of the and the United Nations) together with related indexes of research significance, and selected unofficial compilations of and commentaries on treaties and agreements, including several functional treaty lists." Yvette Renoux, Glossary of International Treaties. In French, English, Spanish, Italian, Dutch, German and Russian. Compiled and arranged with the collabora- tion of Janine Yates. Amsterdam, New York, Elsevier Publishing Co., 1970, 212 p. (Glossaria interpretum, no. 14) JX1226.R45 Research Sources on International Law: Bibliographic Notes. J. INT'L L. & ECON., v. 13, no. 3, 1979: 717-746. LAW Part I-Dictionaries and encyclopedias. "This column presents nearly one hundred current and historical dictionaries and encyclopedias to which the prac- tioner or student can turn for quick reference to the definitions, origins, and usage of international legal terms and concepts." Part I-Treaties. "The portion of this column devoted to researching treaties is organized as follows.-Sources of information on treaty research.-Indexes to treaties and collections.-Non-collection treaty sources.-Collections of treaties.-Status of treaties.-United States treaty system." Adolf Sprudzs, Treaty Sources in Legal and PoliticalResearch; Tools, Techniques, and Problems, the Conventionaland the New. Tucson, University of Arizona Press [1971] 63 p. (Institute of Government Research. International studies, no. 3) JX4165. S66 Sprudzs surveys the practice of selected states and the United Nations in making treaty information a matter of public record. He reviews guides and indexes to treaty collections, charts indicating the status of specific treaties, and other sources. Sprudzs also discusses computerized data bases, including the United Nations Treaty Series Project, and the U.S. Department of Defense International Agreements Project, part of the U.S. Air Force Project FLITE.

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Jerrold Zwirn, United States Treaties. In his CongressionalPublications: A Research Guide to Legislation, Budgets, and Treaties. Littleton, Colo, Libraries Unlimited, 1983, p. 150-165. JK1067.Z85 1983 "This chapter presents a detailed description of the treatymaking process as reflected in the roles of the President and the Senate. Though treaties are a form of domestic law, their international aspect affords greater latitude for official discre- tion than does the legislative process .... The absence of prescribed time limits and unsettled standing of governmental precedents significantly affect treaty publica- tions. The impact of these factors is noted at various points throughout the discussion and is more thoroughly treated in reference to sources that can be consulted to determine the status of treaties."

B. Compilations of Treaties, and Indexes International in Scope

Since the emphasis of this bibliography is on U.S. treaties and treatymaking, only a few selected treaty compilations and indexes which are international in scope are listed in this section. For discussions on researching foreign treaties, please see the guides listed in section A, above, especially "Research Sources on International Law: Bibliographic Notes," in the Journal of InternationalLaw and Economics, v. 13, no. 3, 1979, p. 717-746. International Legal Materials, published bimonthly by the American Society of International Law, provides current information on treaties and includes the texts of treaties and other international documents before they may be available in compila- tions. Complex, current, issues may require the expertise of international legal special- ists, such as those in the Office of the Assistant Legal Advisor for Treaty Affairs, U.S. Department of State, or the international legal specialists on the staff of the Library of Congress Law Library. In this section of the bibliography, independent works are listed alphabetically by title or by the corporate body issuing them, if the name of the corporate body reflects the scope of the treaty activity covered. The citations for indexes or other sup- plemental works immediately follow, preceded by a series of dashes to indicate their relationship with the independent works under which they are listed. For example, the Index Guide to Treaties, prepared by Irwin, immediately follows the Consoli- dated Treaty Series, on which it is based. The development of on-line information retrieval systems is dynamic, so a librarian or information broker should be consulted for current information on data base access to specific treaty issues. The Consolidated Treaty Series. Edited and annotated by Clive Parry. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Ocean Publications, 1981, v. 1-231. JX120.035 "The present series . . . is proposed . . . to make a beginning with the year 1648... and, for the period between that year and the date of commencement of the League series (approximately 1918-20), to reproduce such prints of treaties in their original languages as can be found in whatsoever collection along with such translations into English or French as again ... can be found." The treaties are arranged chronologically; the title of each volume specifies the year it covers. Each entry indicates parties to the treaty, when the treaty came into force, whether it is still in effect, and if applicable, how it has been superseded or terminated. - Index-guide to Treaties: Based on The Consolidated Treaty Series, edited and annotated by Clive Parry, LL.D., and all other series therein utilised. [Prepared] by Paul Irwin. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1979+ JX120.P352

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Index to Multilateral Treaties; A Chronological List of Multi-party International Agreements from the Sixteenth Century through 1963, with Citations to their Text. Edited by Vaclav Mostecky and Francis R. Doyle. Cambridge, Mass., distributed by Oceana Publications, for the Harvard University Law School Library, 1965, and supplements, 1966-1968. JX171.H35 This work lists multilateral international agreements from 1596 to 1963, indicat- ing date and, where important, place of signature; language of treaty; and signa- tories, if there were five or fewer. Citations are provided to official and unofficial sources for the complete texts of treaties. Treaties are arranged chronologically with indexes by subject and region. InternationalOrganization and Integration: Annotated Basic Documents and De- scriptive Directoryof InternationalOrganizations and Arrangements. The Hague, Boston, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers; Hingham, Mass., Kluwer Botson, distribu- tors for the U.S. and , 1981 + v. 1A, 2A. JX171.154. 1981 Vol. 1A.The United Nations organization-Vol. 2A. European Communities. Key Treatiesfor the Great Powers, 1814-1914. Selected and edited by Michael Hurst. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1972. 2 v. JX151.H87 1972b Major InternationalTreaties, 1914-1973, A History and Guide with Texts. [By] J. A. S. Grenville. New York, Stein and Day [1974] 575 p. JX171.G74 Provides a history and analysis of major treaties and agreements, and includes the texts of the most important. Treaties andAlliances of the World. Compiled and written by Henry W. Degenhardt; general editor, Alan J. Day. 3rd ed. Harlow, Essex, Longman; Detroit, Distri- buted by Gale Research, 1981. 409 p. JX4005.T72 1981 Provides brief descriptions of treaties and international agreements, indicating significant dates, signatories, and major provisions. Also describes organizations established by treaties or international agreements. Length and depth of coverage varies with the topic. Contents.-Early international agreements and their later expansion.-World War II: treaties and agreements on territorial changes, frontiers and other matters arising out of the War.-The United Nations.-Nuclear and conventional dis- armament.-Agreements on scientific, space, and environmental cooperation.- International economic co-operation.-Commodity and raw material producers' organizations and agreements.-West European groupings, treaties and agree- ments.-Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).- Organization (NATO).-The Communist World.-East- West treaties of 1970-1980.-The Commonwealth.-The French Community ("Communaute") and other Francophone co-operation.-The Americas.-The Middle East and Islamic states.-Africa.-South-East Asia and the Pacific Area.-The "Third World:" attempts at achieving cohesion. United Nations. Office of Legal Affairs. United Nations Treaty Series: Treaties and InternationalAgreements Registered or Filed and Recorded with the Secretariatof the United Nations. New York, United Nations, 1946 + JX170.U35 Treaties appear chronologically by date of registration with the Secretariat. Each volume includes a list of notifications of ratifications, accessions, successions, and extensions of published treaties. Cumulative indexes were originally published for each 100 volumes; they are now published for each fifty. Chronological indexes list treaties in order of their date of signature. Other indexes list them by country and by subject, using broad subject headings.

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- Cumulative List and Index of Treaties and International Agreements Reg- istered or Filed and Recorded with the Secretariatof the United Nations, December 1969-December 1974. By Joseph T. Vambery and Rose V. Vambery. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1977. 2 v. JX171.V35 Provides an index to treaties and international agreements published in the United Nations Treaty Series from December 1969 to 1975. - Office of Legal Affairs. Multilateral Treaties in Respect of Which the Secre- tary-General Performs Depository Functions: List of Signatures, Ratifications, Accessions, etc. New York, United Nations, 1968 + JX1977.A2 subser This annual publication lists conventions as well as treaties chronologically by date of signature. Information on each treaty includes date of entry into force, list of signatories with date of receipt by the UN of their instruments of accession, citation to the text in the United Nations Treaty Series, and the text of accompany- ing declarations or reservations. - Statement of Treaties and InternationalAgreements Registered or Filed and Recorded with the Secretariatof the United Nations. New York, United Nations. 1974+ (United Nations. [Document] ST/LEG/ser.A.) This monthly publication supplements the annual volumes of the Multilateral Treaties List and contains information on treaty matters. Both this publication and the List are dependent on signatory states for information and thus may be incomplete. - Office of Legal Affairs. Status of Multilateral Conventions of Which the Secretary-General Acts as Depository. Revised edition. New York, United Na- tions, 1959 + 1 v. (loose-leaf) (United Nations. [Document] St/LEG/3, rev. 1) World Treaty Index. By Peter H. Rohn. Santa Barbara, Calif., ABC-Clio, 1983. 5 v. JX171.R63 1983 This index, generated from a data base on machine-readable tape, provides access to the League of Nations Treaty Series, the United Nations Treaty Series, and other treaties from more than 40 national treaty collections. For each treaty, it includes date of signature, list of parties, and citations to sources for the full text. Contents.-Vol. 1. Reference volume.-Vol. 2. Main entry section, pt. 1, 1900-1959.-Vol. 3. Main entry section, pt. 2, 1960-1980.-Vol. 4. Party in- dex.-Vol. 5. Keyword index. - Treaty Profiles. Santa Barbara, Calif., Clio Books, 1976. 256 p. JX171.R62 This quantitative analysis of the bilateral treatymaking behavior of countries and international organizations, indicating leading treaty partners, registration frequency, and other information, is derived from a subset of the data base used to generate the World Treaty Index, listed above.

C. U.S. Treaties and the Treatymaking Process This section is divided into four subsections: (1) Sources for information on treaties throughout the treatymaking process; (1) Official treaty series; (3) Indexes and retrospective compilations; and (4) Sources primarily concerned with the status of treaties (although they may supply additional information and although other sources may include information on treaty status, as indicated in annotations). A chart is provided to facilitate identification of sources providing information at various stages of the treatymaking process. Sources listed in the chart are described in greater detail in the relevant subsections. On-line data bases systems which can be

WINTER 1985 394 INTERNATIONAL LAWYER used to access sources are indicated in the notes on the chart and in annotations in the text. Development of on-line systems is dynamic, so a librarian or information broker should be consulted for complete, current information on data base access for specific treaty issues. Although the purpose of this section is to identify prominent resources on U.S. treaties through the current U.S. treatymaking process, it is by no means definitive. Please consult the guides to resources on treaties in section A, above, for discussions of the complexities of locating information on U.S. treaties and treatymaking. A number of the sources complement each other. For example, in Congressional Publications: a Research Guide to Legislation, Budgets and Treaties, Jerrold Zwirn discusses U.S. treaty publications by reviewing how they are generated during the current treatymaking process. In U.S. Foreign Relations: A Guide to Information Sources, Elmer Pilschke organizes the documents and compilations by issuing agency. He includes information on sources useful for historical research on U.S. treatymaking. Mary Kramer provides guidance on doing research in the Library of Congress on current and historical U.S. treaties in How to find U.S. treaties in the Library of Congress. For ongoing, current information on treaty developments, see the American Journal of International Law, published by the American Society of International Law. Specific, complex questions may require the expertise of legal specialists, such as those in the U.S. State Department Office of the Assistant Legal Advisor for Treaty Affairs, or legal specialists in the Library of Congress Law Library or Congressional Research Service.

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1. Sources for Treaty Information Throughout the Treatymaking Process CIS/Index CIS/Index to Publicationsof the United States Congress. Washington, Congressional Information Service, 1970 + KF49.C62 CIS indexes and abstracts Congressional publications other than the Congres- sional Record. Issues appear monthly, with quarterly, annual and multiyear cumulations. Abstracts are arranged by committee and then by form of publica- tion. The section on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee includes subsections for Senate Executive Reports and Senate Treaty Documents. Subject indexes provide entries under the term "Treaties and conventions," as well as under topical headings. The Legislative Calendar for the Senate Foreign Relations Committee can be located under the index term "Congressional Committee Calendar." Abstracts provide bibliographic information which can be used to locate the publication in a library or to obtain it from the issuing source. Alterna- tively, the index may be used in conjunction with the CIS microfiche collection, which includes the texts of most items indexed. CIS/ index is available on-line through DIALOG.

CongressionalIndex Congressional Index. , Commerce Clearing House, 1937 + KF49.C6 This weekly loose-leaf service provides information on the contents and status of bills and resolutions pending in Congress. The "Treaty Section" is especially useful for determining recent developments regarding the status of treaties pend- ing approval. Treaties not yet approved are arranged chronologically by the session of Congress in which they were introduced, and the committees to which they have been referred are indicated. CongressionalRecord U.S. Congress. Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the Congress. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1873+ KF35 Issued in daily, biweekly (green bound), and permanent (red bound) editions. The text of the daily edition is revised and rearranged in the permanent edition. A "Daily Digest" section has been included since 1947. Indexes to the Congressional Record are issued biweekly and for each session. Discussions and actions regarding treaties are listed under the subject heading "treaties," and may be listed under the subjects of specific treaties, as well. An index to the Congressional Record with detailed abstracts is available to Congress on-line on the CR data bases; and is available on-line commercially through DIALOG and SDC. The Congressional Record was preceded by the Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States, lst-18th Cong., 1st sess.; the Register of Debates in Congress. 18th Cong., 2d sess.-25th Cong., 1st sess.; and the Congressional Globe, 23d-42d Cong.

Department of State Bulletin U.S. Department of State. Department of State Bulletin. [Washington] Office of Public Communication, Bureau of Public Affairs; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1939+ JX235.A33 This, "the official monthly record of United States foreign policy," contains a section on treaties which provides information on the status of treaties, including notification of U.S. and foreign ratification of treaties to which the United States is

WINTER 1985 400 INTERNATIONAL LAWYER

a party. Texts of treaties may be printed in the Department of State Bulletin before they are issued through the official Treaties and Other International Acts Series. Recent press releases, which may contain the texts of treaties or information on executive branch action at various stages of the treatymaking process, are also listed in the Department of State Bulletin. This publication was issued weekly through December 27, 1977; since January 1978 it has been issued monthly. An index is issued periodically, and the Department of State Bulletin is also indexed by the Index to U.S. Government Periodicals, and more selectively by Public Affairs Information Service, and the Readers' Guide to Periodical Litera- ture. Department of State Press Releases Department of State press releases may contain information on executive branch action regarding treaties during the treatymaking process. The text of a treaty may appear for the first time in a Department of State press release, usually on the date of signing. Recent press releases are listed in the Department of State Bulletin. Executive Journal of the Senate U.S. Congress. Senate. Executive Journal of the Senate. JOURNAL OF THE EXECUTIVE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1828+ This publication provides accounts of closed executive sessions of the Senate, including actions on treaties. When executive sessions are open, proceedings and debates appear in the Congressional Record. Federal Register Federal Register. [Washington, Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration; Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., distributor] 1936+ KF70.A2 The Federal Register may include information on executive branch action regarding the implementation of treaties. It is issued daily, except Saturday, Sunday, and official Federal holidays. Monthly Catalog Monthly Catalogof United States Government Publications.Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1895+ Z1223.A18 Senate executive documents and reports are listed under Senate; new treaties are listed by their number in the Treaties and Other International Acts Series under the State Department. The Monthly Catalog is available on-line through DIALOG. Senate Executive Reports Reports by the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations regarding treaties are issued as Senate executive reports. Each report is assigned a numeric designation. The reports are indexed in CIS/index and the Monthly Catalog. Both CIS and the Monthly Catalog are available on-line through DIALOG. Senate Foreign Relations Committee Calendar U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Legislative Calendar. [Washington] U.S. Govt. Print. Off. JK1240.F6 A34 Provides information on Senate action regarding treaties; can be used to trace the legislative history of treaties. Indexed by CIS/index, which is available on-line through DIALOG.

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Senate Treaty Documents A Senate treaty document provides the text of the treaty as transmitted to the Senate from the executive branch, with letters of transmittal from the President and Secretary of State and accompanying background documentation. Beginning with the 97th Congress, treaties have been issued in the Treaty Document Series. Each treaty is identified by the number of the Congress and an acquisition number, based on the number of treaties previously transmitted during the Congress. For example, Treaty Document 98-4 would be the fourth treaty transmitted to the 98th Congress. Prior to the 97th Congress, treaties were issued in the Senate Executive Documents Series. Each document was given an alphabetical designa- tion and was cited by that letter and by the number of the Congress and the session in which it was transmitted to the Senate. Most Senate treaty and executive documents are identified in the Monthly Catalog and CIS/index (both of which are available on-line through DIALOG). Documents which are confidential, how- ever, may not be listed until after they have been declassified. Shepard's United States Citations-StatutesEdition Shepard's United States Citations: Statutes. 6th edition. Colorado Springs, Shepard's Citations, 1968+ KF78.$56 "A compilation of citations to United States Constitution, United States sta- tutes at large, United States treaties and other international agreements,... [and other sources]. The citations appear in: United States Supreme Court reports; Supreme Court reporter; Federal reporter; Federal supplement;... United States statutes at large; United States treaties and other international agreements" and other sources. Includes information on modifications of treaties by legislation or changes in the treaties. Treaties through 1949 are listed by date of signing. Since 1950, a special section has been included which lists treaties by their citations in the Treaties and Other International Acts Series. This service is kept up to date by periodically issued unbound cumulative supplements which are superseded from time to time by bound cumulative supple- ments. Since 1979, the supplements have been published by Shepard's, Inc. of Colorado Springs. Statutes at Large United States. Laws, Statutes, etc. United States Statutes at Large, Containing the Laws and ConcurrentResolutions .... Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1937 + KF,54.U5 Contains the texts of public and private laws, constitutional amendments, concurrent resolutions, and proclamations, including Presidential proclamations regarding treaties. Through 1951, a portion of part 2 or part 3 of the Statutes at Large included separate lists of treaties and international agreements with their texts. Volume 64, part 3, contains a cumulative list of all treaties and international agreements contained in volumes 1-64, arranged alphabetically by country and then by topic. Since 1951, the texts of treaties and international agreements have been published separately by the State Department in the United States Treaties and Other International Acts Series, listed below in the section on Official Treaty Sources. Weekly Compilation of PresidentialDocuments Weekly Compilation of PresidentialDocuments. Washington, Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administra- tion; Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., distributor, 1965+ J80.A284

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Issued weekly, with quarterly, semiannual, and annual indexes. Contains Pres- idential materials released by the White House, including statements, proclama- tions, and executive orders. Available on-line through NEXIS.

2. Official Treaty Series TIAS U.S. Department of State. Treaties and other International Acts Series (TIAS). Washington. For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1946+ JX235.9.A32 This series provides dissemination of the official versions of new treaties, although there may be a considerable time lag between the date a treaty enters into force and the date it is published in the TIAS. Each treaty or agreement is published in pamphlet form in the official languages of the original instrument. Dates of signature, ratification, proclamation, and implementation are also in- cluded. TIAS continues the Treaty Series and the Executive Agreement Series. Numbering begins with 1501, since the numbering for the Treaty Series (994) and the Executive Agreement Series (506) totalled 1500. - Treaty Series. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. [18-1-1946. JX235.9.A3 Included separately published pamphlets containing the official texts of U.S. treaties and other international agreements until 1929; thereafter, included only treaties. Numbering began in 1908, with number 489. For earlier periods, up to number 376, the arrangement is alphabetical by country, then chronological. Multilateral agreements follow number 376. From number 390 on, the sequence is chronological. -Executive Agreement Series. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1929-1946. JX236 1929 Pamphlet series for the official texts of U.S. international agreements from 1929 to 1946. In 1946, treaties and executive agreements were again combined in the Treaties and Other International Acts series. UST U.S Treaties, etc. United States Treaties and other International Agreements. Washington, U.S. Dept. of State, 1950+ JX231.A34 Since 1950, this annual compilation of the Treaties and Other International Acts Series (TIAS), cited above, has been the official publication for treaties and other international agreements to which the United States is a party. Previously, the texts of treaties were included in the United States Statutes at Large. Treaties and international agreements are arranged in the order in which they were published in TIAS. Entries include the full text of the treaty or agreement in each official language and a chronology. Each volume contains indexes by subject and country, and a four volume cumulative index has been issued, covering the years 1950-1970 (volumes 1-21).

3. Indexes and Retrospective Compilations Entries in this section are chronological by the time period covered, with an index to current treaties listed first. For coverage of treaties from 1776 to 1949, the cumulative index is listed first, followed by the works on which it is based. VOL. 19, NO. 1 A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 403

Current Current Treaty Index. Compiled by Igor I. Kavass and Adolf Sprudzs. Buffalo, N.Y., W. S. Hein, 1982+ JX236.5.C87 Provides a cumulative index to the United States slip treaties and agreements, published in the Treaties and Other International Acts Series. "The information on current treaties and agreements is arranged numerically, chronologically, by country, and by subject.... The information in the Current Treaty Index will of course eventually be incorporated in the UST Cumulative Indexing Service as the treaties and agreements are included in the bound UST volumes." A new edition of the Current Treaty Index will then be issued, listing new treaties and agreements in slip form. "The editorial intention is to have Current Treaty Index appear annually" or more frequently, if circumstances permit. "The Current Treaty Index has many uses. Not only a quick reference for treaties and agreements entered into by the United States... during recent years, it presents also an excellent birdseye view of recent commitments made by the United States in different areas of international economics and foreign relations (using the subject index) .... Similarly, the chronological index ... [indicates] the cyclical pattern of international agreements in different subject areas. The close relationship between the United States and other countries may best be seen through the country index." 1950+ UST Cumulative Index, 1950-1970; Cumulative Index to United States Treaties and otherInternationalAgreements, 1950-1970:1 UST-21 UST, TIAS nos. 2010-7034. Compiled by Igor I. Kavass and Adolf Sprudzs. Buffalo, N.Y., W. S. Hein, 1973. 4 v. JX231.K38 Contents:-Vol. 1. UST list of documents in numerical order of TIAS num- bers.-Vol. 2. UST chronological index, 1950-1970.-Vol. 3. UST country index, 1950-1970.-Vol. 4 UST subject index, 1950-1970. This index is kept up to date by annual looseleaf volumes, cumulated and republished every five years. 1776-1949 United States Treaties and other InternationalAgreements Cumulative Index, 1776- 1949, as published in STATUTES AT LARGE, Malloy, Miller, Bevans, and other relevant sources. By Igor I. Kavass and Mark A. Michael. Buffalo, N.Y., W. S. Hein, 1975. 4 v. JX231.K4 Volume 1 lists in numerical order the treaties and agreements published in the Treaty Series, the Executive Agreement Series, and the Treaties and Other International Acts Series. Volumes 2, 3, and 4 provide chronological, country, and subject indexes, respectively. 1776-1949 (Bevans) U.S. Treaties, etc. Treatiesand other InternationalAgreements of the United States of America, 1776-1949. Compiled under the direction of Charles I. Bevans. [Washington, Dept. of State, for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1968-1976] 13 v. (Dept. of State publications 8407, 8441, 8484, 8521, 8543, 8549, 8566, 8590, 8615, 8642, 8728, 8761, 8830) JX236 1968.A5 The texts of treaties are provided in English only, with some commentary. Volumes 1-4 contain multilateral treaties, arranged chronologically; volumes 5-12 contain bilateral treaties, arranged by country. Volume 13 is the index. WINTER 1985 404 INTERNATIONAL LAWYER

Contents:-Vol. 1. Multilateral, 1776-1917.-Vol. 2. Multilateral, 1918- 1930.-Vol. 3. Multilateral, 1931-1945.-Vol. 4. Multilateral, 1946-1949.-Vol. 5. Afghanistan-Burma.-Vol. 6. Canada-. Vol. 7. - .-Vol. 8. Germany-.-Vol. 9. Iraq-Muscat.-Vol. 10. -.- Vol. 11. -United Arab Republic.-Vol. 12. - Zanzibar.-Vol. 13. General index. This work, cited as Bevans, supersedes the works by Malloy and Miller, which are listed below. 1776-1931 (Malloy) U.S. Treaties, etc. Treaties, Conventions, InternationalActs, Protocols, and Agree- ments Between the United States of America and other Powers. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1910-1938. 4 v. JX236 1910 Texts of the treaties and agreements are provided in English, with annotations and index. Volumes 1 and 2 provide a single compilation, covering 1776-1909. Volumes 3 and 4 are supplements, covering 1910-1923 and 1923-1937, respec- tively. Bilateral treaties and agreements are arranged alphabetically by country, followed by multilateral treaties and agreements, which are arranged chronologi- cally. Volume 4 includes a list of treaties by date of proclamation, with relevant citations to Statutes at Large. This work is sometimes cited as Malloy, after the compiler of the first two volumes. 1776-1863 (Miller) U.S. Treaties, etc. Treaties and other International Acts of the United States of America. Edited by Hunter Miller, Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1931- 1948. 8 v. in 7. JX236 1931a Volume 1 provides the plan of the compilation; volumes 2-8 provide the texts of treaties and agreements in the official languages for the period 1776-1863, with commentary. Arrangement is chronological.

4. Status of Treaties Treaties in Force U.S. Department of State. Office of the Legal Adviser. Treaties in Force: a List of Treaties and other InternationalAgreements of the United States in Force on ... Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1956+ JX236 1929c This annual publication lists all U.S. treaties and international agreements in force as of the beginning of the year. Bilateral agreements are arranged by country and then subject. Multilateral agreements are listed alphabetically by subject. Parties to each agreement or treaty are indicated. References are provided to the texts of treaties in Statutes at Large, UST, TIAS, Bevans, and other treaty collections. - A Guide to the United States Treaties in Force. By Igor I. Kavass and Adolf Sprudzs. Buffalo, N.Y., W. S. Hein, 1982+ Unperfected Treaties Unperfected Treaties of the United States of America, 1776-1976. Edited and anno- tated by Christian L. Wiktor. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1976 + 5 v. (anticipated) JX236 1776.U56 Provides texts and annotations on treaties concluded by the U.S. which did not go into force. Volume 1 covers the years 1776-1855.

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D. Topical Collections 1. Diplomatic and National Security Issues Elliot, Jonathan. The American Diplomatic Code, embracing a collection of treaties and conventions between the United States and foreign powers from 1778 to 1834; also, a concise diplomatic manual containing a summary of the law of nations from the works of Wicquefort, Martens, Kent, Vattel, Ward, Story. New York, B. Franklin [19701 2 v. (Burt Franklin research and source works series, 605) JX231.E6 1970 Texts of treaties in English and Dutch, French, Italian, or Spanish. Reprint of the 1834 ed. Extradition Laws and Treaties, United States. Compiled by I. I. Kavass and A. Sprudzs. Buffalo, N.Y. W. S. Hein, 1979. 2 v. (loose-leaf) K5443.A2 U683 "Texts of treaties were taken from the Treaties and other international agree- ments of the United States of America, 1776-1949, edited by Charles I. Bevans, and United States treaties and other international agreements (TIAS advance sheets)". For extradition laws of the 1800s, see The Law of Extradition, International and Inter-state, by Samuel T. Spear. Littleton, Colo., F. B. Rothman, 1983 [c1884] 766 p. (KF9635.S6 1983). Spear's work has as a subtitle: "With an appendix, containing the extradition treaties and laws of the United States, the extradition laws of the states, several sections of the English Extradition Act of 1870, and the opinion of Governor Cullom." The Rothman publication is a reprint of the thrid edition, originally published in Albany, by Weed, Parsons in 1885. Friedman, Leon. The law of war, a documentary history. New York, Random House, 1972. 2 v. JX4505.F7 The Laws of Armed Conflicts. A Collection of Conventions, Resolutions and other Documents. Edited by Dietrich Schindler and Jiri Toman. Leiden, Sijthoff; Ge- neva, Henry Dunant Institute, 1973. 795 p. (Scientific collection of the Henry Dunant Institute) JX4505.$4 Major Peace Treaties of Modern History, 1648-1967. Compiled by Fred L. . Commentaries by Emanuel Chill, with an introductory essay by Arnold Toynbee. New York, Chelsea House Publishers, 1967-80. 5 v. JX121.18 Vol. 5 has title: Major peace treaties of modern history, 1967-1979. United Nations. Secretariat.A ComparativeStudy of the Scope Originally Proposed or Aimed at in Draft Multilateral Disarmament Treaties of a Universal Character Concluded under United Nations Auspices and the Scope Finally Fixed in those Treaties, Includingthe Contemplated Measuresfor Expanding that Scope; Working Paper. [New York] 1977. 54 p. (United Nations. [Document] A/AC.187/68). At head of title: United Nations General Assembly. This document covers six multilateral disarmament treaties: Treaty Banning Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water; Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies; Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplace- ment of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof; Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxic Weapons and on Their Destruction; Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques.

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U.S. Arms Controland DisarmamentAgency. Arms control and disarmamentagree- ments: texts and historiesof negotiations. 1980 ed. Washington, U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, for sale by the Supt. of Docs,, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1980. 239 p. (U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency publication 105) JX1974.A1 U52 no. 105 U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Collective Defense Treaties, with Maps, Texts of Treaties, a Chronology, Status of Forces Agreements, and Comparative Chart. Prepared by Helen Mattas. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1969. 514 p. JX171.U39 1969 At head of title: 91st Congress, 1st session. Committee print. First edition published in 1956 under the title: Treaty provisions relating to the use of United States forces for mutual defense.

2. Economic and Commercial Issues Air and Aviation Treaties of the World. Edited by Houston S. Lay. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1979+ Commercial Treaty Index. [Chicago] American Bar Association Committee on Commercial Treaties, 1973 + 1 v.'(loose-leaf) JX236 1973.A65 This is a subject index to "certain segments of the United States' nontariff commercial treaty series." IntergovernmentalMaritime Consultative Organization.Status on 30 September 1971 of MultilateralActs in Respect of Which the Inter-GovernmentalMaritime Con- sultative OrganizationActs as Depositary. London, 1972? 63 p. JX171.153 1972 InternationalTax Treaties of all Nations: Containing English Language Texts of all Tax Treaties Between Two or More Nations in Force on July 1, 1975. Edited by Walter H. Diamond, and Dorothy B. Diamond. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. Oceana Publications, 1975 + LAW InternationalTax Treaties of all Nations, Series B: Containing Tax Treaties Not Yet Published by the United Nations, Printed in English, and in Many Instances, Languages of the Signatories. Edited by Walter H. Diamond and Dorothy B. Diamond. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1978-1982. v. 1-12. Includes unnumbered indexes which also index the International Tax Treaties of All Nations. Wallenstein, Gerd D. InternationalTelecommunication Agreements. Dobbs Ferry, New York, Oceana Publications, 1977 + 3 v. [projected] K4305.4W34 Provides the texts of international telecommunication treaties and agreements which are in force.

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Series (UNTS); in the Canadian Treaty Series (CTS) 1946-1967; and in the United States Treaties and Other International Acts Series (TIAS) 1950-1970. InternationalProtection of the Environment: Treaties and Related Documents. Com- piled and edited by Bernd Ruster and Bruno Simma. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1975 + v. 1-22, 24-26, 28-30. LAW United Nations. GeneralAssembly. Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. Report of the Legal Sub-Committee on the Work of its Sixteenth Session (14 March-8 April 1977) [New York] 1977. 61 p. (United Nations. [Document] A/AC.105/196) Reports the most recent work of the committee concerning "the development of the law of outer space, and through such development of law, to international co-operation in the peaceful uses of outer space." Issues discussed include "the draft treaty relating to the moon; the elaboration of draft principles governing the use by States of artificial earth satellites for direct television broadcasting with a view to concluding an international agreement or agreements; and the legal implications of remote sensing of the earth from space." Questions relating to the definition and/or delimitation of outer space and outer space activities were also discussed. U.S. Library of Congress. CongressionalResearch Service. Treaties and Other Inter- nationalAgreements on Fisheries, OceanographicResources, and Wildlife Involv- ing the Unites States. Prepared for the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1977. 1201 p. JX236 1977 U54 At head of title: 95th Cong., 1st sess. Committee print.

WINTER 1985