REGISTERED AS A NEWSPAPER FOR TRANSMISSION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, AND TO CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND BY MAGAZINB POST.

N o . 3 9 2 7 .— vol. cxLV. SATURDAY, JULY 25, 1914 SIXPENCE,

The Copyright of all the Editorial Matter, both Engravings and Letterpress, is Strictly Reserved in Great Britain, the Colonies, Europe, and the United States of America,

I SHALL GO TO THE VERY END IN THE DEFENCE OF MY WIFE ” : M. JOSEPH CAILLAUX REVIEWING THE WHOLE

OF HIS CAREER IN HIS EVIDENCE AT THE TRIAL OF MADAME CAILLAUX.

M. Caillaux gave his evidence on the second day of his wife’s trial for shooting contrast to the quiet procedure of an English court of law. In the course of his M. Gaston Calmette, and, like her, spoke at great length. The speech, in which he speech, M. Caillaux said, regarding his conduct in the Franco-German crisis of 1911: reviewed both his private life and his public career, occupied two hours and a-half, “ If there are any diplomatic documents, let them be brought here. I await and developed into an impassioned defence of his political actions. The whole scene, them. That is all I shall say for the moment, but if necessary I will become more with its atmosphere of heated debate and angry recriminations, presented a remarkable precise. . . I shall go to the very end in the defence of my wife.”

P h o t o g r a p h b y M a n u e l . THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, J uiy 25, 1914.— 122 [{ARWICH ROUTE SCIENCE JOTTINGS. PARLIAMENT. TO THE CONTINENT THE FASHION FOR EFFERVESCING DRINKS. HE struggle over the Irish question underwent a Via H O O K O F H O LL A N D (British Royal Mail Route) Daily n r HE daily Press has lately drawn attention to the sensational change on Monday when the Prime by Turbine Steamers. Liverpool Street Station dep. 8.30 p.m. Through -L fact that nowadays nearly all our drinks are T Carriages and Restaurant Cars from and to the Hook of Holland Minister informed the House of Commons that the King alongside the steamers. effervescent. If one were asked the reason of their had summoned representatives of parties, both British and LONDON TO PEKIN in 14 DAYS. TOKIO in 16 DAYS. choice, one would probably answer that efferves­ Irish, to a conference at Buckingham Palace. Summonses Via A N 1 WERP for BRUSSELS, Every Week-day by Twin- cent drinks quench the thirst better than still ones; had been issued to Mr. Asquith and Mr. Lloyd George, for Screw Steamers. Liverpool Street Station, dep. 8.40 p.m. and to a certain extent this is true. The slight the Government ; the Marquess of Lansdowne and Mr. WIRELESS TELEGRAPH and SUBMARINE SIGNALLING stinging or pricking of the palate that follows on Bonar Law, for British Unionists ; Sir Edward Carson and on the Great Eastern Railway Steamers. drinking liquids charged with carbonic acid gas pro­ Captain Craig, for Irish Unionists ; and Mr. John Redmond and Mr. Dillon, for the Nationalists. A crowded House of Via E SB JE R G for Denmark, Norway and Sweden, by the Danish Royal duces immediately an increased flow of saliva, and Mail Steamers of the Forenede Line of Copenhagen, Mondays, Commons, with anticipations excited by a disclosure in Wednesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays. Liverpool Street Station, thus diminishes for the moment the sensation of dep. 7.13 p.m. Dining and Restaurant Cars. the Press, awaited the official statement, and in the Gallery thirst. But in this world, as the Greeks said, the were foreign Ambassadors and a large number of Peers. Via H AM BURG by the General Steam Navigation Company’s steamers “ Ortolan ” and “ Peregrine,” fitted with Wireless Telegraphy, every gods sell us all things at a price, and there is sure to N ext to Mr. Bonar Law on the Front Opposition Bench Wednesday and Saturday. Liverpool Street Station, dep. 8.40 p.m. be some drawback to the benefit thus obtained. sat Mr. Balfour, who entered with him. Mr. Asquith’s Corridor Trains with 1st and 2nd class Dining and Breakfast Cars. Single, 1st class, 44s. • 2nd class, 30s. Return, 1st class, 66s.; announcement of the Conference was received in respectful silence, broken by cheers when he mentioned that, at the 2nd class, 45s. The first thing one notices after effervescing drinks Via GO 1H EN B U R G for Sweden by the Swedish Royal Mail steamers King’s suggestion, the Speaker had consented to preside. (fitted with Wireless Telegraphy and Siibmaiine .signalling) of the is that the relief they bring is only temporary, and is Acceptance was intimated sans phrase by Mr. Bonar Law Thule Line, every Saturday, May-September. followed by a reaction in which the thirst is actually on behalf of the Unionists, and also by Mr. Redmond on The London-Hook of Holland, London-Antwerp and York-Harwicli Express Trains consist of Corridor Vestibuled Carriages with Dining and Breakfast Cars. No supple­ increased. The salivary glands are no more sus­ behalf of the Nationalists, the latter, however, taking care mentary cl large for seats. Through Corridor Carriages from and to Liverpool, Man­ i to disclaim any responsibility for the policy of the calling chester, Warrington, Sheffield, Bradford (Exchange), Leeds, Birmingham and Rugby. ceptible to perpetual stimulation than any other, and of the Convention. His attendance at the Palace in The Trains to Parkeston Quay, Harwich, run alongside the steamers, after each period of excitement one of depression and hand-baggage is taken on board free of charge. supervenes. Young soldiers on route-marches quickly obedience to a royal command was a departure from the Particulars of the Continental Traffic Manager, Great Eastern Railway, I.iverpool tradition of the Home Rule Party. In the House of Lords Street Station, London. E.C. come to understand this, and to discover that the Marquess of Crewe assured Lord Courtney that there the more water they drink the thirstier they get, had been in connection with this matter no abrogation of Under Contract with His Majesty’s Government. and that it is best, therefore, to limit the quantity Ministerial responsibility. The Home Rule Amending Bill, P. & o. MAIL & PASSENGER SERVICES. of liquid swallowed. Moreover, the saliva contains as transformed by the Peers, was to have been discussed EGYPT, INDIA, CHINA, JAPAN, AUSTRALASIA, &c. matters of great importance for the digestion of food, in the House of Commons at the beginning of this week, Conveying Passengers and Merchandise to A L L E A S T E R N PO RTS. particularly of starchy foods ; and if it all be washed but in view of the Conference its consideration was post­ down the throat into the bowel as soon as it is poned. Meanwhile, the Prime Minister, in order to secure For freight and passage apply the rapid winding-up of an anxious session, had made a secreted a great part of its usefulness is lost. It P O Q NT P n J I22> Leadenhall Street, E.C. ) T great sacrifice of legislation, deferring nearly all the •I • ’ • v ^ O ., 1 Northumberland Avenue, W.C. j L i O llO O I l. would therefore seem that a less wasteful way, important contentious measures till the next session, physiologically, of promoting the flow of saliva might which is to begin in the last week of November or the first Q A N A D A FOR HOLIDAYS AND SPORT. be adopted with profit. The consumption of alcohol week of December. The two sides of the House joined in ALLAN rm°aiall L 1 N E much diluted, of tobacco for most smokers (but not a kindly reception to Mr. Austen Chamberlain when he Popular Pioneer Service. First Sailing, 1819.— Famed for comfort, for exceptional cuisine, for all), and best of all, of fruit containing sub-acid was introduced as Member for his father’s constituency, for service, and for everything that makes an ocean voyage safe and-pleasant. West Birmingham, Mr. Asquith exchanging a nod with NEW Q.T.S.S. ALSATIAN and CALGARIAN. juices are among these more excellent ways. him as he passed the Treasury Bench ; and a cordial LARGEST and FASTEST to CANADA. welcome was given to his successor in East Worcestershire, Shortest Ocean passage to America : Only 4 Days Open Sea. Canada for Fishing, Shooting, Camping, Canoeing. Magnificent See ery. Tours for Apart from this, however, effervescent drinks can Mr. Leverton Harris, who was formerly an active member. three w eeks and upwards planned. Canada for profitable investment. A L L A N L IN E , 14, Cockspur Street, S.VV.; 19, James St., Liverpool, &c. be shown to exercise a deleterious effect on the digestion. This is probably due to the fact that all of “ M ON N A VAN N A,” AT THE QUEENS. Y ) K - H EN RY S. LUNN, Ltd. them are charged with carbonic acid gas either pur­ 5, Endsleigh Gardens, Euston, London, N.W. posely pumped into them or arising naturally in the OW absurd it seems that “ Monna V ann a” should have process of manufacture. For carbonic acid gas is PALACE MONTANA, PALACE MURREN, ATHOLL PALACE, H had to wait till last Tuesday for its first licensed already constantly present in the stomach, especially performance in this country ! Here is a drama the whole PITLOCHRY, ALLAN WATER HOTEL, SWISS AND ITALIAN idea of which is to show how evil a thing is jealousy, and TOURS. PALESTINE, 46 Gns. in the empty stomach, where it discharges some function not yet definitely ascertained, but which is what a power a woman’s purity and sweetness can exer­ £5 15s. 6d. Fortnight’s Golf Tours, &c., Booklet post free. probably connected with the cellular changes going on cise ; and lo ! because its heroine is prepared to sacrifice her honour to save her besieged and famished city, it in the intestinal wall. But it is seldom that the bal­ must be banned and stigmatised as though it were immoral. THE COMFORTABLE ROUTE TO THE ance of fluids within the organism can be upset with The matinée audience at the Queen’s, which included CONTINENT IS VIA impunity; and it is certain that effervescent drinks royalty, gave no sign of seeing anything shocking in the are so difficult of digestion that they have to be for­ ]\TEWHAVEN & P P E, story of this new-style Godi va, and watched its develop­ D IE bidden to habitual dyspeptics. The symptoms of ment with every evidence of absorbed interest. Indeed, A C C E L E R A T E D S E R V IC E S daily from Victoria 10.0 a.m. for all its extravagant demands on one’s credulity and the and 8.45 p.m., London Bridge 8 4^ p m. flatulence which follow any infringement of this C U JS lliS E N T A L E X C U R S IO N S July 30 h. 31st, August 1st, prohibition is a sufficient proof of this ; and as, on strain it sets on one’s sense of humour, it makes very 2nd and 3rd, from LO N D O N & P R IN C IP A L l k . & s . c . k Stations. exciting and affecting romantic drama. There are passages the average, the present generation has probably D a y s Return Fares. which drag, but the surprise which the meeting between t o V a l i d . 1st. 2nd. 3rd.* weaker digestions than those which preceded it, it Vanna and her supposed brutal ravisher provides is so P A R IS .... 15 4^8 32/8 26/- R O U E N - - - 15 37/8 29/8 238 follows that this intolerance of the human digestion telling and charming, and the whole of the last act is so tD IE P P E - - - 6 32,5 24/5 16/- for effervescing drinks is likely to be extended full of thrilling as well as unexpected turns of action, that D 1E P P E 15 34/5 27/5 20/- in the near future. the piece may be reckoned the most effective, besides being Night Service only. f Not on July 30th. one of the most beautifiTy written things to which M. S P E C IA L A FT E R N O O N E X C U R S IO N (1st. 2nd & 3rd class), Maeterlinck has put his name. It gets some splendid Saturday, August 1st. from Victoria 2.20 p.m. On the whole, then, it would seem that for the acting at the Queen’s. To have engaged Mr. McKinnel TOURS, Through Bookings and Baggage Registration to all majority of their consumers the disadvantages of Principal Health and Pleasure Resorts of NORMANDY, for the jealous husband’s part was an inspiration : there SWITZERLAND, TYROL, II ALY, SOUTH GERMANY, &c. effervescing drinks should outweigh their advantages, were times when the player’s passion swept the stage like For full particulars of Fares, Services, &c., see Continental Excursion Programme, or address the and one is somewhat puzzled to account for their a hurricane. No less happy was the choice of Mr. Leonard “ DEPARTMENT A.B.H .,” CONTINENTAL MANAGER, popularity. Champagne in this respect may, perhaps, Atwill, for Prinzivalli made at once a gallant and an Brighton Railway, Victoria Station, S. W. be left out of the question, because it is probably eloquent lover. Miss Constance Collier, of course, looked seldom drunk for hygienic reasons. When taken, superb as Monna Vanna ; but she suggested, too, the BRIGHTON AND SOUTH COAST RAILWAY. as is generally the case here, with food, it has nearly heroine’s air of unconscious goodness, and compassed intensity in her rhetorie. As for Mr. Fisher White, he G O O D W O O D R A C E S .— Fast Trains for Pulborough, every physiological disadvantage that a beverage can v J Midhurst, Arundel, Littleliampton, Bognor, Chichester, Havant. Portsmouth could not have been bettered as Vanna’s tender old father- Southsea & Isle of Wight. have ; and for those predisposed to gout and other in-law ; and that enthusiast, Mr. J. T. Grein, as he looked

W e e k Da y s . i t * uric acid diseases it is probably the worst form in which round at his cast, had every reason to be jubilant over a.m. 1 a.m. | a.m. | p.m. F rom they can take alcohol. Thanks partly to this, and the realisation of y e t . another of his dreams. Victoria ...... 6 15 8 S3 10 20 11 35 1 1 35 3 53 4*53 6 15 7 20 London Bridge ...... 6 35 — 10 25 |n 35 j i 50 4 0 4 5° 7 15 partly to the excessive price imposed on it by legis­ lation, it is seldom, now taken in large quantities at a * Not to the Isle of Wight, f Not to Pulbor'ough and Midhurst. ‘C U N N Y SP AIN ” E A R L ’S COURT. Fortnightly Tickets between London and all stations available from July 25th to O Daily in the E M P R E SS H A L L the August 8th, £ 6 4s. First Class. sitting. Restaurant-keepers affirm, indeed, that the A B consumption per head per meal falls off more and more GREAT REVUE AND PAGEANT OF SPAIN. RACE TRAINS * Addison Road. July 28th, 29th, 30th 3rd I i & 3 Sevillian Dancing Girls. Baton Dances, &c. Class. I Class. A — To Singleton every year, and hence its use is carrying with it its and 31st. Day Return Fare, 5s. M ID -D A Y to M ID N IG H T. Band of H.M. 2nd Life Guards. ~ From a.m. B— To Chichester, own antidote. To mineral-w’aters, whether taken pure Day Return Fares, Victoria ...... 8fi8, 8 2 9 55 Clapham J unction 8 36 10s. 9d. 7s. 3d. or mixed with alcohol, these objections do not apply ^Kensington ...... Pullman C— To Chichester, NOTE TO CONTRIBUTORS. London B ridge...... 8 50, 9+0 Limited Day Return bare, with the same force ; but it is evident that they t Not 011 Friday, July 3tst. 2 is. are better taken between meals than with food. It is particularly requested that all S k e t c h e s and P h o t o ­ Particulars of Supt. o f the Line, London Bridge Terminus At such times their one fault of indigestibility is pro­ g r a p h s sent to T h e I l l u s t r a t e d L o n d o n N f.w s , especially bably of small account for the majority, and their ALL THE TREATMENTS OF A CONTINENTAL SPA. those from abroad, be marked on the back with the name 3 hours from London. convenience is manifold and patent. Their mode of and address o f the sender, as well as with the title o f the ODHALL SPA (G.N.Ry.). VICTORIA HO I EL. manufacture permits of their being bottled in a form W° subject. A ll Sketches and Photographs used will be paid Mineral— Aix Douche— Vichy Baths— Cure Dietary. which is both cleanly and portable ; and as the Golf (i& holes) 5 minutes’ walk— Tennis — Croquet — Garage. for. The Editor cannot assume responsibility fo r M SS., profit made on them is large and permits of a good deal of advertisement, the manufacturers take care for Photographs, or for Sketches submitted. p O L I C E J)OGS. that their attractions in this respect are made

MAJOR R IC H A R D SO N ’S A IR E D A L E S (as supplied Police), are best bodyguards, plain to the general public. Yet, when all is said, for house protection, inside or outside, town or country, against tramps, burglars, & c. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION for lonely walks, night watchmen, &c. From 4 gns. ; Pups, 2 gns. SM OOTH FOX the vogue of effervescing drinks is probably more the Tl'-R KIERS, ROUGH FOX TERRIERS, ABERDEEN TERRIERS, IRISH TO T E R R IE R S , from 4 gn s.; Pups. 2gns. BLO OD H OU N D S, Pups,5 gn s.; Adults, 20gns. result of fashion than of anything else, and, like other MAJOR RICHARDSON, GROVE-END, HARROW (2omins. HakerSt.) Tel. 423. fashions, is liable to change. When this cause begins “ THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.” to operate, we shall probably return to those simpler P a i d i n A d v a n c e . E x h i b i t i o n o f (Twelve Months (including Christmas Number), £ 1 9s. 3d. A REMARKABLE PANEL OF OLD CHINESE TAPESTRY. drinks which seem, on the whole, better fitted for IN L A N D . < Six Months, 14s.; or including Christmas Number, 15s. 3d. - Open daily. Admission is. for the daily consumption. Whether as thirst-quenchers ( Three Months. 7s.: or including Christmas Number, 8s. 3d. NATIONAL ART COLLECTIONS FUND. Twelve Months (including Christmas Number), £ 1 11s. 6d. or as giving some slight assistance to the organism Six Months, 15s. 2d. ; or including Christinas Number, 16s. 4d. LARKIN GALLERIES, 104, New Bond Street, W. { in its assimilation of solid food, there are pro­ Three Months, 7s. 7d .; or including Christmas Number, 8s. gd. PALLADIUM, ARGYLL STREET, W. bably no drinks so physiologically correct as T7T o cw u cd c ( Twelve Months (including Christmas Number), £2. IT C h a rILES i G u l l i v e r , Managing Director. i n B A i n \ Six Months, 19s. 6d.; or including Christmas Number, £ 1 is. The best entertainment at the most comfortable Theatre in London. light and pure wines, lager-beer, cider, or the A liK U A U . ^Three Months, 9s. gd. ; or including Christmas Number, 11s. 3d. Two performances daily. 6.20 and 9.10. Matinee Monday, Wednesday and Saturday, 2.30. Admission from is. to 5s. Private Boxes, 10s. 6d.. 15s., and £ 1 is. unfermented juice of fruits either alone or diluted Subscriptions must be paid in advance, direct to the Publishing Office, 172, Strand, it “ Dora’s Doze,” Miss Hetty King, W. F. Reano and A Bicycle, Cissie Lupino, The English money ; by cheques, crossed “ The Union of London and Smiths Bank, Limited ’ Chorus Girl,” by Harry Grattan. with water. F. L. or by Post Office Orders, payable at the East Strand Post Office, to THE ILLUSTRATE! j LONDON N e w s a n d S k e t c h . L t d ., 172, Strand, London, W.C. THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, vul y 25, 1914.- 123

THE FRENCH CAUSE CÉLÈBRE: PERSONALITIES IN THE CAILLAUX CASE.

Photographs by M eurisse, Branger, Manuei., C.N ., Pierre Petit, and Topical: The Facsimile Letter and the Drawing Reproduced from “ The Caii.laux Drama,” by John N. R a p h a e l ,

b y C o u r t e s y o f t h e P u b l i s h e r , M r . M a x G o s c h e n .

y~ u*u / V » f t K W * .( / r r J e ç M /fr*rn~ *40, t**yr •

¿»¿yiuywu -ry '/* t/î . *6 /*' fo+t y g* e**HPU. ¿txe, />ns> ** c*£e< t* t Strét* tZ+*s£~u f / trf ftf * / t, -t+hrz»** £ d a ^ fcuxt* « /Z*+* à rrfi r*»/* e*f 7tt St* * /*V ¡f? 2

1. TH E PUBLIC PROSECUTOR : M. HERBEAUX. 7. HUSBAND OF THE ACCUSED, EX-MINISTER OF FINANCE, AND FORMERLY PREMIER : 2. PUBLISHED IN THE ‘ FIGARO” THREE DAYS BEFORE ITS EDITOR, M. CALMETTE, WAS M. JOSEPH CAILLAUX. SHOT BY MME. CAILLAUX : THE FAMOUS “ TON JO ” LETTER. 8. THE PRESIDING JUDGE AT THE TRIAL : M. ALBANEL. 3. COUNSEL FOR THE DEFENCE : MAÎTRE LABORI, OF DREYFUS CASE FAME. 9. THE FORMER WIFE OF M. JOSEPH CAILLAUX : MME. GUEYDAN. 4. A WITNESS : M. BARTHOU, EX-PREMIER, WHO READ THE FABRE STATEMENT. 10. FORMERLY OCCUPIED BY MME. STEINHEIL, MME. HUMBERT, AND LOUISE MICHEL : 5. TH E ACCUSED : MME. CAILLAUX, IN HER HOME. CELL No. 12 IN SAINT L/ZARE PRISON, WHERE MME. CAILLAUX WAS PLACED. 6. THE WRITER OF THE STATEMENT WHICH CAUSED A SENSATION IN THE CHAMBER : 11. THE VICTIM OF MME. CAILLAUX’S PISTOL : THE LATE M. GASTON CALMETTE, EDITOR M. VICTOR FABRE, PROCUREUR GÉNÉRAL. OF THE “ FIGARO.”

The trial of Mme. Caillaux, which began in Paris on July 20, has caused a greater March 16. That paper, of which M. Calmette was Editor, had made attacks on M. Caillaux. sensation than any political cause célèbre since the Dreyfus case. The charge against The statement by M. Fabre, which caused a sensation when read in the French Chamber Mme. Caillaux was that of “ having committed voluntary homicide, with premeditation, the day after the shooting of M. Calmette, suggested that M. Caillaux used influence on the person of Gaston Calmette,” whom she shot in tha office of the “ Figaro ” on to delay the course of justice in the Rochette case. -THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, J u l y 25, 1914.

AN EX-PRIME-MINISTER'S WIFE IN THE DOCK FOR MURDER:

A REPLY TO AN INTERROGATORY WHICH RESOLVED ITSELF INTO A LONG SPEECH FOR THE

The sensational trial of Mme. Caillaux for shooting M. Gaston Calmette, late Editor of the “ Figaro,” began in Paris on July 20. The reading of the charge was followed by the

interrogatory of the prisoner, whose reply resolved itself into a speech for the defence. With an interval of twenty minutes, Mme. Caillaux spoke from 12.50 p.m. until 3.40 p.m. After

alluding to the great happiness of her second marriage, with M. Caillaux, she went on to speak of the calumnies, political and otherwise, that were spread about him. “ Then,” she

continued, “ the ‘ Figaro ' campaign began. It was implacable from the start. It was personal and not political. In 95 days there were no less than 138 articles or caricatures in which THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, J u ly 25, 1914

MADAME CAILLAUX MAKING HER DRAMATIC SPEECH.

DEFENCE: MADAME CAILLAUX MAKING A THREE-HOURS STATEMENT AT HER TRIAL IN PARIS.

my husband was attacked.” Then, on March 13, the “ Figaro ” published the famous “ Ton Jo ” letter (so called from its signature), and Mme. Caillaux told how on March 14 they

heard that the “ Figaro” was going to publish two other letters written to her, and how, on finding that her husband intended to kill M. Calmette, she resolved to make a supreme effort to prevent the publication. Coming to the actual shooting of M. Calmette, she said, amid sobs : “ I lost my head when I found myself in the presence of the man who had done us so much

harm, who had ruined our lives for thirteen months.” Finally, she declared : “ I regret from the depths of my heart the great sorrow I have caused.” THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, J uly 25, 19 14 .- 126

By G. K. CHESTERTON.

URIOSITY is always rebuked as one of tlie restless weaknesses English or German in theory, and are likely to avoid many of the worst aristo­ C of humanity, but I am inclined to think that most people Nobility, for obviously cratic weaknesses even in practice. He gives his evidence are not inquisitive enough. They have not what I may call clean a certain amount of local that the Russian ruling class is in some ways more tyran­ curiosity — a mere appetite for the truth. They cannot be in­ patriotism and feudal nical, and in some ways more democratic; and he leaves terested and disinterested too. They are not really concerned affections (which is us with the facts. But they are not, as it happens, facts about their neighbours, except when they are quarrelling with that can be used either for a school - girl’s novel about their neighbours, or making love to their neighbours, or house- lovely duchesses forgiving the mob from the scaffold, or for visiting in search of votes, or house-breaking in search of spoons. a schoolboy pamphlet about faultless Jewesses tortured in And when we turn from the case of neighbouring houses to the mediaeval turrets. case of neighbouring nations, it is quite curious to notice how few people take an impersonal interest in the truth, as distinct from Again, in this book Mr. Baring indicates in outline his what scandal or what scheme can be made out of it. If an theory about the Russian Revolution. And, again, it will Englishman is describing Germany, he either blames Germany to be no help to the sentimental partisans in other countries exalt his own country, or (quite as often) who only want to use Russia as a pawn he praises Germany to score off his own in their own party games. Mr. Baring’s countrymen. But a traveller seldom de­ theory is broadly this : that democracy scribes the character of a nation as a counts for everything in Russia. That novelist describes a character in a novel. public opinion counts, if anything, too He does not en joy the two sides of a much. That the Revolution began Spaniard or a Scotchman as Dickens because most Russians rightly desired enjoyed the moods of Micawber, or it; that it failed because most Rus­ Thackeray enjoyed the innocent double sians were rightly sick of it; and life of Mr. Bay ham. He can never un­ The New Military that it is practically impossible to derstand that Alan Breck was a hero Secretary: Lieutenant- get nearer to the truth than that. when facing the seamen, but a landsman General Sir A . E . It would be an impertinence in me, Codkington, K.C.V.O. when facing the sea. They cannot appeal who have never seen Russia and have from Carton drunk to Carton sober. General Codrington, who succeeds General Franklyn but few Russian friends, either to You cannot allow for the flexibility as Military Secretary to the dispute or to endorse this view. But and inconsistency of living things ; and Secretary of State for War, the principle seems to me worthy of perhaps the most living of all corporate was General Officer Com­ some reflection, and not without refer­ manding the London Dis­ and constructed things is a great Christian The New Governor of T hk late Major - Gknkral trict from 1909-13. He was ence to questions nearer home. I have M alta : Likuti-navt-Gkneral nation. Certainly, among the very few Inigo Jonhs, who D ihl> a f t e r formerly in the Coldstream always believed in " One Man One an Operation. Sir W. E. Franklyn, K.C.B. who have this contented curiosity, this Guards. V ote ” 4 and I believe in it still. But General Inigo Jones greatly distin­ General Franklyn has been Mili­ impartiality of the imagination, must be Photograph by Barratt. for all that, a great many different guished himself in the South counted Mr. Maurice Baring, whose sum­ tary Secretary to the Secretary African War. He commanded of State for War, and Secretary voters go to make up a man. The mary, called “ The Mainsprings of Russia,” the Scots Guards from 1903-1905. wanting in Russia) of the Selection Board since 1911. same, I believe, has been alleged of is published by Nelson in the excel­ Photograph by Lafayette. was the one thing Photograph by Russell. tailors; I do not know why. But, lent series which included Dr. Sarolea’s that softened or politically, the average man is not all “ Anglo-German Problem.” It is a book written with humanised aristocracy in England and Germany. of a piece : he is not the same colour all the a lucidity which might be called laborious, if it did Nor is he trying to prove that Russian Nobility is way through. Various human qualities will make not ceaselessly remember to be interesting as him vote or not vote. Show me a super­ well. The author is always ready to explain cilious young Socialist terrorising timid yokels exactly what he means, to explain it in terms with terms like “ inevitable ” and “ solidarity,” within the experience of the reader, to take and I sympathise with the yokels against familiar parallels, to allow for their being in­ the Socialist. Show me a vulgar millionaire, complete, to furnish the smallest detail or sum with a bought coronet and a coarse mouth, up the longest history. And yet I think many saying that such Socialists should be “ put people will be simply puzzled by Mr. Baring’s down ” or “ shot down,” and I sympathise book, because they cannot make out to whom with the supercilious Socialist against the mil­ he means to be unfair. lionaire. Nor is this fickleness; but a quite clear and fixed principle of proportion. What would they make, for instance, of a series of statements like these about the Russian Mr. Baring’s theory of the Revolution in Nobility? “ The English reader must put out Russia is, briefly, that most of a modern Russian of his head all ideas of aristocracy such as it was revolutionary at the beginning, about half existed in England, France, Germany, Spain, of him in the middle, and almost none of him and Italy, and realise the following facts : at the end. (1) The noble in Russia is a State servant; (2) Anyone can enter the State service if he Now, as I put down this perhaps erroneous, passes the requisite examination; (3) The but perfectly temperate and well-considered, attainment of a certain rank in the State book, I happened to pick up the current service carries with it the rights of hereditary number of the N a tio n , which generally con­ Nobility; (4) There is no political aristocracy tains interesting articles, and in this case in Russia. . . . The result of all this was that contained one that was puzzling as well as the Nobility took no roots in the land. Their interesting. It was called “ The Nemesis of interest was at Court. Their land was merely Credulity,” and was all about some “ Russian their pay. Thus no landed or territorial monk,” called Rasputin, who is alleged to aristocracy came into existence, as in other have been stabbed by a woman, after ruining European countries. In Russia there are no many women. I will suppose the story to feudal castles, no families taking their names be true ; and still I do not quite see what from places, no titles derived from property, it is supposed to prove— except that in Russia no von or zu , no de, no Lord So-and-So of a rascal sometimes gets a knife stuck into So-and-So; comparatively few stone houses. him. This, no doubt, a nemesis for Rasputin. The noble generally lives in a wooden house, But why is it a nemesis for Russia ? Will which has the nature .of a temporary make­ the Russian population stop increasing for shift residence.” THE WARDEN OF THE CINQUE PORTS AND HIS WIFE: that ? Or the Russian weight in the world’s EARL AND COUNTESS BEAUCHAMP. counsels be the less for that ? Will one That is the kind of writing that enor­ Lord Beauchamp was installed as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports at Dover on peasant the less join those pilgrimages to holy July 18. He has been the King’s Steward since 1907, and First Commissioner mously interests me, and enormously irritates of Works since 1911. Lady Beauchamp was formerly Lady Lettice Grosvenor. places that are a migration of millions ? Yet a large number of my fellow - creatures. They Photograph by Illustrations Bureau. this sordid little story, true or false, is set cannot see what the writer is trying to prove, up seriously as an answer to the colossal and as the mathematician said when he was half-way worse than English or German, for obviously men crushing impression of the piety of Russia, reported through “ Paradise Lost.” He is not trying to of all classes tested only by public examinations by every independent man who has been there. make out that Russian Nobility is better than are chosen on a more just and democratic principle ['Copyrighted in the U.S.A. by the “ New York American.”]